Battery pack and electric device
By using a water-cooled plate structure distributed vertically and an insulating thermal pad design, the problems of low thermal management efficiency and high risk of thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries are solved, achieving uniform thermal management and improved safety, thus meeting the safety requirements of high-energy-density batteries.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GAC AION NEW ENERGY AUTOMOBILE CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2022-09-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing lithium-ion batteries have low thermal management efficiency, and single-sided cooling systems are prone to thermal runaway. Furthermore, traditional liquid cooling plates suffer from low integration, small contact area, and high thermal resistance, which cannot meet the safety requirements of high-energy-density batteries.
The battery module employs a top-and-bottom distributed water-cooled plate structure to exchange heat on both the top and bottom surfaces. Combined with an insulating thermal pad and fire extinguishing port design, it achieves uniform thermal management and precise liquid injection, reduces thermal contact resistance, and improves safety.
It improves thermal management efficiency, reduces the probability of thermal runaway, enhances the safety and lifespan of the battery pack, and meets the safety requirements of high-energy-density batteries.
Smart Images
Figure CN115621606B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of power battery technology, and more specifically, to a battery pack and electrical equipment. Background Technology
[0002] Lithium-ion batteries have advantages such as high energy density, high power density, high cycle life, and long storage time, and are therefore widely used in portable electronic devices such as mobile phones, digital cameras, and laptops; they also have broad application prospects in electric vehicles such as electric cars and electric bicycles, as well as large-scale electric equipment such as energy storage facilities.
[0003] As electric vehicle technology becomes increasingly sophisticated, electric vehicles are becoming more and more integrated into people's daily lives. Electric vehicles have high requirements for the safety performance of the lithium-ion batteries that provide their energy, and the energy density requirements for the battery cells are also increasing.
[0004] In related technologies, liquid cooling plates can only contact one side of the lithium-ion battery. Due to the properties of lithium-ion batteries, this can easily affect thermal management efficiency and also easily trigger thermal runaway events. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a water-cooled plate structure, a battery pack, and electrical equipment that can improve thermal management efficiency, reduce the probability of thermal runaway, and improve product safety.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:
[0007] In a first aspect, this application provides a water-cooled plate structure, including: a first water-cooling component and a second water-cooling component, wherein the first water-cooling component and the second water-cooling component are arranged vertically, and a receiving cavity is formed between the first water-cooling component and the second water-cooling component, wherein the receiving cavity is configured to accommodate a plurality of battery modules for heat exchange on at least two surfaces of the battery modules.
[0008] In the above implementation process, the first water-cooling component and the second water-cooling component are arranged vertically, so that when the battery module is placed between the first water-cooling component and the second water-cooling component, the first water-cooling component can exchange heat on the upper surface of the battery module, and the second water-cooling component can exchange heat on the lower surface of the battery module. This provides a uniform and high-capacity heat transfer path for the battery module, reduces the thermal contact resistance of the original single-sided cooling system, improves thermal management efficiency, greatly ensures temperature uniformity, reduces the probability of thermal runaway, and improves product safety.
[0009] In some embodiments, the first water-cooled component is provided with a plurality of first fire extinguishing ports, which are located above the battery module to be used to break through the first fire extinguishing ports when the battery module experiences thermal runaway.
[0010] In the above process, the first water-cooling component is equipped with a first fire extinguishing port, which can accurately inject liquid when the battery module experiences thermal runaway, cut off the generation of heat source, thereby avoiding the heat excess of thermal runaway and improving the safety of the product.
[0011] In some embodiments, the first water-cooling component is provided with a first extension arm, which is distributed along the periphery of the first water-cooling component to form a first receiving groove distributed in a left-right direction, the first receiving groove being configured to accommodate at least a portion of the battery module.
[0012] In the above implementation process, the first extension arm encloses and forms a first receiving groove, and the battery module is placed in the first receiving groove. This allows the insulating thermal pad to be limited when the insulating thermal pad is placed between the first water-cooling component and the battery module, preventing deformation of the insulating thermal pad and ensuring a tight fit between the battery module and the first water-cooling component to ensure thermal management effect. At the same time, it also ensures that the first water-cooling component can accurately inject liquid when the battery module experiences thermal runaway.
[0013] In some embodiments, a plurality of first receiving slots are provided, and the plurality of first receiving slots are spaced apart along the front-back direction or the plurality of first receiving slots are distributed along the front-back direction, so that at least one first extension arm is provided between two battery modules distributed along the front-back direction.
[0014] In the above implementation process, the first receiving slots are distributed at intervals or along the front-back direction, which can ensure that the two battery modules distributed along the front-back direction are separated, thereby reducing heat transfer and facilitating heat dissipation between battery modules, thereby improving the performance of the battery modules.
[0015] In some embodiments, the second water-cooling component is provided with a second extension arm, which is distributed along the periphery of the second water-cooling component to form a second receiving groove distributed in a left-right direction. The second receiving groove is configured to accommodate at least a portion of the battery module.
[0016] In the above implementation process, the second extension arm encloses and forms a second receiving groove. The battery module is placed in the second receiving groove, so that when an insulating thermal pad is placed between the second water-cooling component and the battery module, the insulating thermal pad can be limited to prevent deformation of the insulating thermal pad, ensuring a tight fit between the battery module and the second water-cooling component to ensure thermal management effect. At the same time, it can also ensure that the first water-cooling component can accurately inject liquid when the battery module experiences thermal runaway.
[0017] In some embodiments, a plurality of second receiving slots are provided, and the plurality of second receiving slots are spaced apart along the front-back direction or the plurality of second receiving slots are distributed along the front-back direction, so that at least one second extension arm is provided between two battery modules distributed along the front-back direction.
[0018] In the above implementation process, the second receiving slots are distributed at intervals or along the front-back direction, which can ensure that the two battery modules distributed along the front-back direction are separated, thereby reducing heat transfer and facilitating heat dissipation between battery modules, thus improving the performance of the battery modules.
[0019] Secondly, this application also provides a battery pack, including: a battery casing having an end plate and a side plate, the end plate being connected to the side plate to enclose an assembly space, the upper and lower ends of the assembly space being open; and a water-cooled plate structure as described in any of the above claims, wherein a first water-cooling component of the water-cooled plate structure is disposed at the upper end of the assembly space and is connected to the end plate and the side plate respectively, and a second water-cooling component of the water-cooled plate structure is disposed at the lower end of the assembly space and is connected to the end plate and the side plate respectively.
[0020] In the above implementation process, the end plate and the side plate are connected to form an assembly space with openings at both the top and bottom. The first water-cooling component is set at the upper end of the assembly space, and the second water-cooling component is set at the lower end of the assembly space. This simplifies the battery pack design, reduces the complexity of the battery pack, and improves the integration of the entire battery pack.
[0021] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes a battery module disposed in the assembly space, and the battery module is provided with a plurality of cells distributed in a vertical direction, so that the water-cooled plate structure can exchange heat on the large surfaces of the cells. By arranging the cells vertically, heat can be conducted to both large surfaces of the cells respectively, thereby reducing thermal contact resistance, reducing the temperature of the battery pack, greatly ensuring temperature uniformity, and extending the service life of the battery pack.
[0022] In some embodiments, the battery module is provided with a plurality of second fire extinguishing ports on the side near the first water-cooling component. The second fire extinguishing ports are arranged below the first fire extinguishing port of the first water-cooling component so that when the battery module experiences thermal runaway, the second fire extinguishing ports and the first fire extinguishing port can be penetrated in sequence.
[0023] In the above process, the battery module is provided with a second fire extinguishing port, which is located below the first fire extinguishing port. This allows the second fire extinguishing port and the first fire extinguishing port to be melted at high temperature when the battery module experiences thermal runaway, thereby achieving precise liquid injection and realizing the function of extinguishing thermal runaway fire, thus improving the safety performance of the product.
[0024] In some embodiments, the second fire extinguishing port is configured in a funnel shape, and the thickness of the second fire extinguishing port is set to 0.5~2mm. This facilitates the melting of the second fire extinguishing port in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell, enabling precise liquid injection.
[0025] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes an insulating thermally conductive pad disposed between the battery module and the first water-cooling component and between the battery module and the second water-cooling component. The insulating thermally conductive pad enables heat conduction between the battery module and the first water-cooling component, and between the battery module and the second water-cooling component, while ensuring good contact between the battery module and the first and second water-cooling components, reducing thermal contact resistance, and greatly ensuring temperature uniformity.
[0026] Thirdly, this application also provides an electrical device including a battery pack as described in any of the above claims.
[0027] Since the electrical equipment provided in the third aspect of this application includes the battery pack described in the second aspect of the technical solution, it has all the technical effects of the above-described embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
[0028] Other features and advantages of this application will be set forth in the following description and will be apparent in part from the description or may be learned by practicing embodiments of this application. The objectives and other advantages of this application may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings. Attached Figure Description
[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For users of ordinary skills in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a water-cooled plate structure disclosed in an embodiment of this application.
[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first water-cooling component of a water-cooled plate structure disclosed in an embodiment of this application.
[0032] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module in a battery pack disclosed in an embodiment of this application.
[0033] Figure Labels
[0034] 100, First water-cooled component; 101, First fire extinguishing outlet; 102, First extension arm; 1021, First receiving tank; 200, Second water-cooled component; 300, Battery module; 301, Second fire extinguishing outlet. Detailed Implementation
[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0036] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by users of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0037] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
[0038] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0039] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.
[0040] Example
[0041] At present, based on the maturity of technology and process and processing cost, the mainstream new energy vehicles at home and abroad all use the harmonica tube liquid cooling plate layout scheme for soft pack modules. This liquid cooling plate scheme has the advantages of simple structure and high thermal management efficiency. Specifically: (1) In terms of structure, it is laid flat on the inner surface of the lower box assembly and in the space below the bottom of the soft pack module. The layout is relatively simple. It adopts aluminum extrusion molding process, which is relatively mature and has high production efficiency, which is conducive to large-scale mass production; (2) In terms of thermal management efficiency, the flatness can be accurately controlled within a certain length range. The contact area with the module surface is large, and its thermal resistance is small, which improves the thermal management efficiency. In addition, the flow channel contact area is large, which can effectively reduce the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the battery cell. It provides better protection for the battery during fast charging and discharging and low temperature preheating.
[0042] However, the inventors discovered three drawbacks during the design process: ① The flatness of the extrusion molding is difficult to control: If the lower housing is too long, a long harmonica tube is required. If it is too long, it is easy to deform, making it difficult to control the flatness. The small contact area with the module surface leads to high thermal resistance, which affects the thermal management efficiency; ② The integration is low: The liquid cooling plate is installed as a separate part in the power battery pack, which takes up more space and increases the cost; ③ The single-sided contact thermal management efficiency is low: The harmonica tube liquid cooling plate is laid flat on the inner surface of the lower housing assembly and in the space under the bottom of the soft-pack module, only contacting one side of the cell. The cell is composed of multiple layers of materials (positive electrode, negative electrode, separator and electrolyte). There is resistance within the layers and contact resistance between the layers, which constitute the internal resistance of the battery. Inconsistencies between layers will lead to inconsistent current and SOC in each layer, causing cell aging, lithium plating, and lifespan degradation, and in severe cases, thermal runaway events. On the other hand, charging convenience is currently one of the main issues restricting the development of new energy vehicles. Traditional liquid cooling plates have limited heat exchange capacity due to their limited contact area. When encountering conditions such as high-speed climbing and high-power fast charging, large temperature differences will occur, affecting the vehicle's power and range. Furthermore, they cannot meet the charging requirements of high-rate cells of 4C and above, thus reducing the product's competitiveness.
[0043] In view of this, such as Figure 1 As shown, in a first aspect, this application provides a water-cooled plate structure, including: a first water-cooling component 100 and a second water-cooling component 200, wherein the first water-cooling component 100 and the second water-cooling component 200 are arranged vertically, and a receiving cavity is formed between the first water-cooling component 100 and the second water-cooling component 200, wherein the receiving cavity is configured to accommodate a plurality of battery modules 300 for heat exchange on at least two surfaces of the battery modules 300.
[0044] For example, the first water-cooled component 100 includes, but is not limited to, a first liquid cooling plate, and the second water-cooled component 200 includes, but is not limited to, a second liquid cooling plate. The water channel direction and water channel parameters (depth, width, and length, etc.) of the first water-cooled component 100 can be optimized and matched in combination with actual assembly and heat dissipation simulation effects. The first water-cooled component 100 can be set as a single layer, or it can adopt a stamped plate scheme with dual parallel water channels or a double-layer liquid cooling plate scheme, etc. The water channel direction and water channel parameters (depth, width, and length, etc.) of the second water-cooled component 200 can be optimized and matched in combination with actual assembly and heat dissipation simulation effects. The second water-cooled component 200 can be set as a single layer, or it can adopt a stamped plate scheme with dual parallel water channels or a double-layer liquid cooling plate scheme, etc.
[0045] Understandably, the inlet and outlet opening modes of the first water-cooling component 100 include a normal open mode and a relatively normal open mode (i.e., flexible setting of the opening degree). Combined with actual driving conditions, such as high-speed climbing and high-power fast charging, the opening degree of the inlet and outlet of the first water-cooling component 100 is adaptively adjusted according to the temperature of the battery module 300 to implement the best thermal management control strategy, so that the temperature difference of the battery pack is controlled within a reasonable range, ensuring the safety of battery pack use and driving safety. The inlet and outlet opening modes of the second water-cooling component 200 can be set to be consistent with the inlet and outlet opening modes of the first water-cooling component 100. Through the cooperation of the first water-cooling component 100 and the second water-cooling component 200, the temperature difference of the battery pack can be accurately controlled from the original 15℃ to 5℃, and the service life of the battery pack is extended by 10%.
[0046] In the above implementation process, the first water-cooling component 100 and the second water-cooling component 200 are arranged vertically, so that when the battery module 300 is placed between the first water-cooling component 100 and the second water-cooling component 200, the first water-cooling component 100 can exchange heat on the upper surface of the battery module 300, and the second water-cooling component 200 can exchange heat on the lower surface of the battery module 300. This provides a uniform and high-capacity heat transfer path for the battery module 300, reduces the thermal contact resistance of the original single-sided cooling system, improves thermal management efficiency, greatly ensures temperature uniformity, reduces the probability of thermal runaway, and improves product safety.
[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, the first water-cooled component 100 is provided with a plurality of first fire extinguishing ports 101. The first fire extinguishing ports 101 are located above the battery module 300 so as to break down the first fire extinguishing ports 101 when the battery module 300 experiences thermal runaway. It is understood that the number and distribution of the first fire extinguishing ports 101 are not particularly limited. Preferably, the first fire extinguishing ports 101 are located above the areas of the battery module 300 with higher temperatures.
[0048] In the above implementation process, the first water-cooled component 100 is provided with a first fire extinguishing port 101, which can accurately inject liquid when the battery module 300 experiences thermal runaway, cut off the generation of heat source, thereby avoiding the heat excess of thermal runaway and improving the safety of the product.
[0049] Please refer to again Figure 2 The first water-cooling component 100 is provided with a first extension arm 102, which is distributed along the periphery of the first water-cooling component 100 to form a first receiving groove 1021 distributed in the left-right direction. The first receiving groove 1021 is configured to accommodate a plurality of the battery modules 300. For example, the first extension arm 102 may be arranged in a ring shape to surround the surface of the first water-cooling plate to form the first receiving groove 1021. The first receiving groove 1021 is used to accommodate at least a portion of the battery module 300 to limit the battery module 300.
[0050] In the above implementation process, the first extension arm 102 encloses and forms a first receiving groove 1021. The battery module 300 is disposed in the first receiving groove 1021, so that when an insulating thermal pad is provided between the first water-cooling component 100 and the battery module 300, the insulating thermal pad can be limited to prevent deformation of the insulating thermal pad, ensuring a tight fit between the battery module 300 and the first water-cooling component 100 to ensure thermal management effect. At the same time, it can also ensure that the first water-cooling component 100 can accurately inject liquid when the battery module 300 experiences thermal runaway.
[0051] In some embodiments, a plurality of first receiving slots 1021 are provided, and the plurality of first receiving slots 1021 are spaced apart along the front-back direction or the plurality of first receiving slots 1021 are distributed along the front-back direction, so that at least one first extension arm 102 is provided between two battery modules 300 distributed along the front-back direction.
[0052] In the above implementation process, the first receiving slot 1021 is distributed at intervals or along the front-back direction, which can ensure that the two battery modules 300 distributed along the front-back direction are separated, thereby reducing heat transfer and facilitating heat dissipation between the battery modules 300, thereby improving the performance of the battery module 300.
[0053] In some embodiments, the second water-cooling component is provided with a second extension arm (not shown in the figure, but its structure is the same as that of the first extension arm). The second extension arm is distributed along the periphery of the second water-cooling component to form a second receiving groove distributed in the left-right direction. The second receiving groove is configured to accommodate at least a portion of the battery module.
[0054] In the above implementation process, the second extension arm encloses and forms a second receiving groove. The battery module is placed in the second receiving groove, so that when an insulating thermal pad is placed between the second water-cooling component and the battery module, the insulating thermal pad can be limited to prevent deformation of the insulating thermal pad, ensuring a tight fit between the battery module and the second water-cooling component to ensure thermal management effect. At the same time, it can also ensure that the first water-cooling component can accurately inject liquid when the battery module experiences thermal runaway.
[0055] In some embodiments, a plurality of second receiving slots are provided, and the plurality of second receiving slots are spaced apart along the front-back direction or the plurality of second receiving slots are distributed along the front-back direction, so that at least one second extension arm is provided between two battery modules distributed along the front-back direction.
[0056] In the above implementation process, the second receiving slots are distributed at intervals or along the front-back direction, which can ensure that the two battery modules distributed along the front-back direction are separated, thereby reducing heat transfer and facilitating heat dissipation between battery modules, thus improving the performance of the battery modules.
[0057] Secondly, this application also provides a battery pack, including: a battery casing having an end plate and a side plate, the end plate being connected to the side plate to enclose an assembly space, the upper and lower ends of the assembly space being open; and a water-cooled plate structure as described in any of the above claims, wherein a first water-cooling component 100 of the water-cooled plate structure is disposed at the upper end of the assembly space and is connected to the end plate and the side plate respectively, and a second water-cooling component 200 of the water-cooled plate structure is disposed at the lower end of the assembly space and is connected to the end plate and the side plate respectively.
[0058] For example, the first water-cooling component 100 can be connected to the end plate and the side plate by extrusion molding or stamping molding, so that the first water-cooling component 100 forms the upper cover of the battery casing, and the second water-cooling component 200 can be connected to the end plate and the side plate by extrusion molding or stamping molding, so that the second water-cooling component 200 forms the lower cover of the battery casing.
[0059] Understandably, in order to ensure heat dissipation, the flatness of the heat dissipation contact surface of the upper and lower surfaces of the battery module 300 is controlled within 0.15mm, which increases the contact area between the battery module 300 and the water-cooling plate structure, reduces thermal contact resistance, and greatly ensures temperature uniformity.
[0060] In the above implementation process, the end plate and the side plate are connected to form an assembly space with openings at both the top and bottom. The first water-cooling component 100 is located at the upper end of the assembly space, and the second water-cooling component 200 is located at the lower end of the assembly space. This simplifies the battery pack design, reduces the complexity of the battery pack, and improves the integration of the entire battery pack.
[0061] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes a battery module 300, which is disposed in the assembly space and has a plurality of cells distributed along a vertical direction, so that the water-cooled plate structure can exchange heat on the large surfaces of the cells. By arranging the cells vertically, heat can be conducted to both large surfaces of the cells separately, thereby reducing thermal contact resistance, reducing the temperature of the battery pack, greatly ensuring temperature uniformity, and extending the service life of the battery pack.
[0062] like Figure 3 As shown, the battery module 300 has a plurality of second fire extinguishing ports 301 on the side near the first water-cooling component 100. The second fire extinguishing ports 301 are positioned below the first fire extinguishing port 101 of the first water-cooling component 100, so that when the battery module 300 experiences thermal runaway, the second fire extinguishing ports 301 and the first fire extinguishing port 101 can be sequentially penetrated. For example, to ensure a good fire extinguishing effect, one of the first fire extinguishing port 101 and the second fire extinguishing port 301 can be configured to be protruding, and the other can be configured to be recessed, so that one can accommodate the other, ensuring that when the battery module 300 experiences thermal runaway, more coolant in the first water-cooling component 100 flows to the thermal runaway point.
[0063] In the above implementation process, the battery module 300 is provided with a second fire extinguishing port 301, and the second fire extinguishing port 301 is located below the first fire extinguishing port 101. This allows the second fire extinguishing port 301 and the first fire extinguishing port 101 to be melted at high temperature when the battery module 300 experiences thermal runaway, thereby achieving precise liquid injection and realizing the function of extinguishing thermal runaway fire, thus improving the safety performance of the product.
[0064] In some embodiments, the second fire extinguishing port 301 is configured in a funnel shape, and the thickness of the second fire extinguishing port 301 is set to 0.5~2mm. This facilitates the melting of the second fire extinguishing port 301 in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell, enabling precise liquid injection. For example, the bottom of the second fire extinguishing port 301 is made of a low-melting-point metal material, such as ruthenium alloy (melting point 231℃), tin alloy (melting point 232℃), or low-melting-point bismuth alloy (melting point 271℃).
[0065] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes an insulating thermally conductive pad disposed between the battery module 300 and the first water-cooling component 100 and between the battery module 300 and the second water-cooling component 200. The insulating thermally conductive pad enables heat conduction between the battery module 300 and the first water-cooling component 100, and between the battery module 300 and the second water-cooling component 200, while ensuring good contact between the battery module 300 and the first and second water-cooling components 100 and 200, reducing thermal contact resistance, and greatly ensuring temperature uniformity.
[0066] For example, the heat dissipation principle of the battery module 300 is as follows: the heat generated by the battery cell in the battery module 300 is conducted to the upper and lower surfaces of the battery module 300 through the graphite heat-conducting sheet. The upper and lower surfaces of the battery module 300 are indirectly in contact with the first water-cooling component 100 and the second water-cooling component 200 respectively through the insulating heat-conducting pad, and the heat is promptly conducted to the coolant of the first water-cooling component 100 and the coolant of the second water-cooling component 200. The coolant is generally water and ethylene glycol, with a volume ratio of 50%:50%.
[0067] It is understood that the main core parameters of the insulating thermal pad are: ① density: 2.5≤g / cm3; ② flame retardant rating: V0; ③ thermal conductivity: ≥3W / (m•K)@compression 30%±5%, standard ASTM D5470; the thickness and size of the thermal pad are optimized and matched in combination with the actual assembly and heat dissipation simulation effect.
[0068] Thirdly, this application also provides an electrical device, including a battery pack as described in any of the preceding claims. The electrical device can be an electric toy, power tool, electric vehicle, electric car, or spacecraft, etc. When the electrical device is a vehicle, the vehicle can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. The battery pack is installed inside the vehicle and can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle. The battery pack can be used to power the vehicle; for example, the battery pack can serve as the vehicle's operating power source. The vehicle may also include a controller and a motor. The controller is used to control the battery pack to supply power to the motor, for example, for the vehicle's starting, navigation, and operating power needs.
[0069] Since the electrical equipment provided in the third aspect of this application includes the battery pack described in the second aspect of the technical solution, it has all the technical effects of the above-described embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
[0070] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: A battery casing has an end plate and a side plate, the end plate and the side plate being connected to enclose an assembly space, the upper and lower ends of the assembly space being open; and The water-cooled plate structure includes a first water-cooling component positioned at the upper end of the assembly space and connected to both the end plate and the side plate. A second water-cooling component is positioned at the lower end of the assembly space and also connected to both the end plate and the side plate. The water-cooled plate structure includes a first water-cooling component and a second water-cooling component, the first water-cooling component and the second water-cooling component being distributed vertically, and a receiving cavity being formed between the first water-cooling component and the second water-cooling component. The receiving cavity is configured to accommodate a plurality of battery modules for heat exchange on at least two surfaces of the battery modules. The first water-cooling component is provided with a plurality of first fire extinguishing ports, the first fire extinguishing ports being located above the battery modules for breaking through the first fire extinguishing ports when the battery modules experience thermal runaway. The battery pack also includes a battery module, which is a soft-pack module. The battery module is disposed in the assembly space, and a number of cells distributed in the vertical direction are disposed inside the outer shell of the battery module so that the water-cooled plate structure can exchange heat on the large surface of the cells. The outer casing of the battery module is provided with a plurality of second fire extinguishing ports on the side near the first water cooling component. The second fire extinguishing ports are arranged below the first fire extinguishing ports of the first water cooling component so that when the battery module experiences thermal runaway, the second fire extinguishing ports and the first fire extinguishing ports can be penetrated in sequence. One of the first fire extinguishing ports and the second fire extinguishing ports can be configured to be protruding and the other can be configured to be recessed so that one can accommodate the other. The bottom of the second fire extinguishing outlet is made of a low-melting-point metal material.
2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first water-cooling component is provided with a first extension arm, which is distributed along the periphery of the first water-cooling component to form a first receiving groove distributed in the left-right direction. The first receiving groove is configured to accommodate at least a portion of the battery module.
3. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first receiving slot is provided in a plurality of them, and the plurality of the first receiving slots are distributed at intervals along the front-back direction or the plurality of the first receiving slots are distributed along the front-back direction, so that at least one first extension arm is provided between two battery modules distributed along the front-back direction.
4. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second water-cooling component is provided with a second extension arm, which is distributed along the periphery of the second water-cooling component to form a second receiving groove distributed in the left-right direction. The second receiving groove is configured to accommodate at least a portion of the battery module.
5. The battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second receiving slot is provided in a plurality of them, and the plurality of the second receiving slots are distributed at intervals along the front-back direction or the plurality of the second receiving slots are distributed along the front-back direction, so that at least one second extension arm is provided between two battery modules distributed along the front-back direction.
6. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second fire extinguishing outlet is configured in a funnel shape, and the thickness of the second fire extinguishing outlet is set to 0.5~2mm.
7. The battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that, The battery pack also includes an insulating thermally conductive pad, which is disposed between the battery module and the first water-cooling component and between the battery module and the second water-cooling component.
8. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery pack as described in any one of claims 1-7.