Method for constructing user coordinate system in laser engraving device and simulation method

Abstract

The application discloses a method for constructing a user coordinate system in a laser etching device, wherein mechanical shafts in the laser etching device at least include two vertical linear motion shafts, and include a mechanical Z shaft parallel to an optical axis of a galvanometer, and the method comprises the following steps: determining a workpiece coordinate system from a workpiece mounting position; making the XY plane in a galvanometer coordinate system coincide with the XY plane in the workpiece coordinate system, and at least one of the galvanometer coordinate system X axis and the galvanometer coordinate system Y axis coincides with the corresponding axis in the workpiece coordinate system by adjusting the galvanometer posture and moving the mechanical shafts for changing the galvanometer position or the workpiece mounting position, and setting the position of the mechanical shafts at this time as the user coordinate system origin position; and constructing a user coordinate system for calibrating the galvanometer position from the user coordinate system origin position. The position and posture of the galvanometer are described by constructing the user coordinate system, so that the process formula is not invalid due to replacement of a mechanical shaft origin sensor, and the position and posture of a laser etching curved surface in the galvanometer coordinate system can be accurately constructed through simulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser engraving, and more particularly to a method and simulation method for constructing a user coordinate system in a laser engraving device. Background Technology

[0002] Laser engraving on 3D curved surfaces requires creating a digital model of the surface within the marking software. This digital model must accurately reflect the workpiece's position and orientation within the laser engraving space of the scanning galvanometer. However, in laser engraving equipment for large workpieces, a motion mechanism is needed to drive the scanning galvanometer to engrave different parts of the curved surface, making it difficult to determine the position and orientation of each local surface within the galvanometer coordinate system. Process programming often requires repeated adjustments to the position and orientation of the scanning galvanometer and the position and orientation of the digital surface model within the galvanometer coordinate system, as well as repeated laser emission tests to verify the actual position and size of the laser-engraved pattern on the workpiece surface. If the requirements are not met, further modifications to the laser-engraved pattern are necessary to compensate for the mismatch between the digital surface model and the actual workpiece's position and orientation in the laser engraving space. This method not only makes process programming cumbersome and difficult, but the resulting defocusing due to the unresolved mismatch also affects the laser engraving effect and the width of the process window. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this invention provides a method and simulation method for constructing a user coordinate system in a laser engraving device. By constructing a user coordinate system, the position and orientation of the galvanometer relative to the workpiece are described, so that the process formula does not become invalid due to the replacement or repair of the mechanical axis origin sensor, and it is convenient to accurately construct the position and orientation of the laser engraved surface in the galvanometer coordinate system through computer simulation.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for constructing a user coordinate system in a laser engraving device, wherein the mechanical axes in the laser engraving device include at least two mutually perpendicular linear motion axes, and one of the linear motion axes is a mechanical Z-axis parallel to the optical axis of the galvanometer, comprising the following steps:

[0005] The workpiece coordinate system is determined by the workpiece installation position;

[0006] By adjusting the galvanometer posture and moving the mechanical axis used to change the galvanometer position or workpiece mounting position, the XY plane in the galvanometer coordinate system coincides with the XY plane in the workpiece coordinate system, and at least one of the X-axis and Y-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system coincides with the corresponding axis in the workpiece coordinate system. At this time, the position of the mechanical axis is set as the origin position of the user coordinate system.

[0007] A user coordinate system for calibrating the galvanometer position is constructed from the origin of the user coordinate system.

[0008] Furthermore, determining the workpiece coordinate system based on the workpiece installation position includes:

[0009] A preset graphic with orthogonal straight lines is provided on the base plate of the equipment or on the calibration plate positioned on the base plate of the equipment;

[0010] The intersection of orthogonal lines in the preset graphic is taken as the origin of the workpiece coordinate system, and the orthogonal lines are taken as the X-axis and Y-axis of the workpiece coordinate system, respectively.

[0011] The Z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system is determined by a vertically preset graphic that passes through the origin of the workpiece coordinate system.

[0012] Furthermore, when the mechanical axis is a linear motion axis:

[0013] Add shims around the galvanometer to rotate the galvanometer and adjust its orientation so that the XY plane of the galvanometer coordinate system is parallel to the XY plane of the workpiece coordinate system; rotate the galvanometer around its optical axis so that the X-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system is parallel to the X-axis of the workpiece coordinate system, and the Y-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system is parallel to the Y-axis of the workpiece coordinate system.

[0014] By changing the position of the galvanometer or the installation position of the workpiece through the linear motion axis, the XY plane determined by the galvanometer coordinate system and the XY plane determined by the workpiece coordinate system are made to coincide. At least one of the X-axis and Y-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system coincides with the corresponding axis in the workpiece coordinate system. The position of the mechanical axis at this time is set as the origin of the user coordinate system.

[0015] Furthermore, when the mechanical shaft includes both a linear motion shaft and a rotary shaft:

[0016] The galvanometer is rotated by a rotating axis to adjust its orientation so that the XY plane of the galvanometer coordinate system is parallel to the XY plane of the workpiece coordinate system; the galvanometer is rotated around its optical axis by a rotating axis so that the X-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system is parallel to the X-axis of the workpiece coordinate system, and the Y-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system is parallel to the Y-axis of the workpiece coordinate system.

[0017] By changing the position of the galvanometer or the installation position of the workpiece through the linear motion axis, the XY plane determined by the galvanometer coordinate system and the XY plane determined by the workpiece coordinate system are made to coincide. At least one of the X-axis and Y-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system coincides with the corresponding axis in the workpiece coordinate system. The position of the mechanical axis at this time is set as the origin of the user coordinate system.

[0018] Furthermore, when only one of the X-axis and Y-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system coincides with the corresponding axis in the workpiece coordinate system, the steps for obtaining the deviation between the galvanometer coordinate system and the workpiece coordinate system include: after determining the position of the origin of the user coordinate system, measuring the distance between the corresponding axes in the galvanometer coordinate system and the workpiece coordinate system that do not coincide, as the deviation between the galvanometer coordinate system and the workpiece coordinate system, which is used to compensate for the position of the 3D digital model and 2D laser engraving graphics of the product during simulation.

[0019] Furthermore, by rotating the galvanometer, the orientation of the galvanometer is adjusted so that the XY plane of the galvanometer coordinate system is parallel to the XY plane of the workpiece coordinate system, including:

[0020] Using laser marking software, a rectangular first laser-engraved pattern is set in the XY plane of its galvanometer coordinate system;

[0021] The first laser-engraved pattern is laser-engraved onto the equipment base plate or calibration plate to form the second laser-engraved pattern. The side length of the second laser-engraved pattern is measured and the galvanometer is rotated repeatedly until the two sets of opposite sides of the second laser-engraved pattern are of equal length.

[0022] Furthermore, by changing the position of the galvanometer or the workpiece mounting position through the linear motion axis, the XY plane determined by the galvanometer coordinate system and the XY plane determined by the workpiece coordinate system are made to coincide, including:

[0023] Using laser marking software, a polygonal third laser-engraved graphic is set in the XY plane of its galvanometer coordinate system;

[0024] The third laser-engraved pattern is laser-engraved onto the equipment base plate or calibration plate to form the fourth laser-engraved pattern. The side length of the fourth laser-engraved pattern is measured and the mechanical Z-axis is repeatedly adjusted until the sides of the fourth laser-engraved pattern are the same length as the corresponding sides of the third laser-engraved pattern.

[0025] A method for constructing a user coordinate system in a laser engraving device, wherein the linear motion axis of the laser engraving device is a mechanical Z-axis parallel to the optical axis of the galvanometer; the method for constructing the user coordinate system includes the following steps:

[0026] The workpiece coordinate system is determined by the workpiece installation position;

[0027] By adjusting the galvanometer posture and moving the mechanical Z-axis used to change the galvanometer position or workpiece mounting position, the XY plane in the galvanometer coordinate system coincides with the XY plane in the workpiece coordinate system. At this time, the workpiece coordinate system is set as the user coordinate system for calibrating the galvanometer position.

[0028] A simulation method for constructing the position and orientation of a laser-engraved surface in a galvanometer coordinate system, the steps of which include:

[0029] In the digital model of the equipment, a laser engraving space is drawn to represent the coordinate system of the galvanometer, and multiple reference points are set in the laser engraving space. The laser engraving space, reference points and galvanometer are bound to the relative positional relationship.

[0030] Install a calibration plate model in the equipment model to determine the workpiece coordinate system;

[0031] A user coordinate system is constructed from the galvanometer coordinate system and the workpiece coordinate system, as described above.

[0032] Remove the calibration plate model from the equipment model and install the workpiece fixture model and the workpiece model;

[0033] Move each mechanical axis so that the laser engraving space fits onto the laser engraving surface to be processed on the workpiece in an appropriate posture. Measure the distance moved and / or the rotation angle of each axis relative to the origin of the user coordinate system. Use the measurement data as the mechanical axis parameters of the laser engraving surface in the user coordinate system.

[0034] After binding the positional relationship between the laser-engraved curved surface and the reference point, export them together and input them into the laser marking software. In the laser marking software, the reference point is used to locate the laser-engraved curved surface.

[0035] After binding the positional relationship between the laser-engraved graphic and the reference point on the laser-engraved surface, project it into a 2D graphic along the Z-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system. Import this graphic as a laser-engraved image file into the laser marking software. After positioning the laser-engraved graphic using the reference point, project it back onto the laser-engraved surface along the Z-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system.

[0036] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0037] When constructing the user coordinate system, if the origin of the galvanometer coordinate system and the origin of the workpiece coordinate system are set offset in the same plane, the laser-engraved surface and laser-engraved graphic are moved in the reverse direction in the X and Y directions by the offset between the origin of the galvanometer coordinate system and the origin of the workpiece coordinate system.

[0038] Due to the application of the above-mentioned technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0039] 1. In this invention, a user coordinate system is constructed to describe the position and orientation of the galvanometer relative to the workpiece. This allows the coordinate system describing the position and orientation of the galvanometer relative to the workpiece to be separated from the mechanical coordinate system of the mechanical axis, making it reference only the workpiece. The process recipe constructed in the user coordinate system will not become invalid due to the replacement or repair of the mechanical axis origin sensor.

[0040] 2. This invention can accurately construct the position and orientation of the local curved surface of the workpiece in the galvanometer coordinate system through computer simulation, simplifying the process programming and eliminating the mismatch between the 3D data of the laser-engraved curved surface in the laser-engraving space and the actual placement position of the workpiece.

[0041] To make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for constructing a user coordinate system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the galvanometer coordinate system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the workpiece coordinate system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the overlap of the galvanometer coordinate system and the workpiece coordinate system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the laser engraving equipment in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the simulation state in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the measurement of mechanical shaft attitude process parameters in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the laser motion component in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the workpiece motion assembly in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of rotor angle measurement in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the positional relationship between the laser engraving space and the laser engraving surface during the simulation process in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the laser engraving equipment in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the laser engraving equipment in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the simulation state in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0057] The reference numerals in the above figures are as follows: 1. Galvanometer; 11. Laser engraving space; d. Working distance; 21. Calibration plate; 22. Equipment base plate; 3. Workpiece; 41. Mechanical X-axis; 42. Mechanical Y-axis; 43. Mechanical Z-axis; 44. RX rotary axis; 45. RY rotary axis; 46. RZ rotary axis; 5. Galvanometer support plate; 61. Z-axis slide; 62. Reference slide; 71. Rotor shaft; 72. Stator shaft; 73. Rotor auxiliary line; 74. Stator auxiliary line; 8. Reference point. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] Example 1: See Figures 1-7 As shown, in this embodiment, the mechanical axes of the laser engraving equipment include a mechanical X-axis 41, a mechanical Y-axis 42, and a mechanical Z-axis 43. In this embodiment, the size of the laser-engraved curved surface of the workpiece 3 exceeds the working range 11 of the galvanometer 1, requiring the laser-engraved curved surface to be divided into several regions. By changing the relative position of the galvanometer 1 and the workpiece 3 using the mechanical X-axis 41, mechanical Y-axis 42, and mechanical Z-axis 43, laser engraving is performed in different regions of the workpiece 3. The mechanical X-axis 41, mechanical Y-axis 42, and mechanical Z-axis 43 can be arbitrarily arranged according to actual needs. Some of the mechanical axes can be used to drive the galvanometer 1, and the rest can be used to drive the workpiece 3. Alternatively, all of them can be used to drive the galvanometer 1 or all of them can be used to drive the workpiece 3.

[0060] In this embodiment, the steps of constructing a user coordinate system include:

[0061] Step 1: Determine the workpiece coordinate system

[0062] A calibration plate 21 is fabricated, with a pre-defined pattern, such as a cross, featuring orthogonal straight lines on its upper surface. The calibration plate 21 is positioned on the equipment base plate 22 via pin holes. The center of the cross on the calibration plate is taken as the origin of the workpiece coordinate system, and the two straight lines of the cross are taken as the X-axis and Y-axis of the workpiece coordinate system, respectively. The straight line perpendicular to the calibration plate 21 and passing through the origin of the workpiece coordinate system is taken as the Z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system.

[0063] Step 2: Adjust the position and orientation of the galvanometer.

[0064] The galvanometer 1 is raised and lowered by the mechanical Z-axis 43, so that the distance between the lower surface of the galvanometer 1 and the upper surface of the calibration plate 21 is the working distance d of the galvanometer 1. The center of the galvanometer 1 is roughly aligned with the center of the crosshair on the calibration plate by the mechanical X-axis 41 and mechanical Y-axis 42.

[0065] In the laser engraving software, a rectangle with side lengths a and b is set on the XY plane of the galvanometer coordinate system as the laser engraving pattern. Its two pairs of opposite sides are parallel to the X and Y axes of the galvanometer coordinate system, respectively. This laser engraving pattern is then laser-engraved on the calibration plate 21. Initially, since the optical axis of galvanometer 1 is not necessarily perpendicular to the equipment base plate 22, the actual laser engraving on the equipment base plate 22 will form a quadrilateral with unequal opposite sides. A shim of appropriate thickness is placed between galvanometer 1 and the galvanometer support plate 5 to adjust the pitch and lateral tilt angles of galvanometer 1 around the X and Y axes. After adjustment, the marking process is repeated on the calibration plate 21. This process is repeated until the opposite sides of the marked rectangle are equal in length. This ensures that the optical axis of galvanometer 1 is perpendicular to the calibration plate 21, i.e., the XY plane of the galvanometer coordinate system is parallel to the XY plane of the workpiece coordinate system. Using the gap between the screw holes on the galvanometer support plate 5 and the galvanometer locking screw, the angle of galvanometer 1 is finely adjusted around the Z-axis until the two sides of the marked rectangle are parallel to the orthogonal lines of the calibration plate cross. After adjustment, the galvanometer locking screw is tightened, so that the X and Y axes in the galvanometer coordinate system are parallel to the corresponding X and Y axes in the workpiece coordinate system. Then, the mechanical Z-axis 43 is finely adjusted so that the side lengths of the marked rectangle are equal to a and b, respectively. This makes the bottom surface of the laser engraving space 11 coincide with the upper surface of the calibration plate 21, that is, the XY plane of the galvanometer coordinate system coincides with the XY plane of the workpiece coordinate system.

[0066] After aligning the XY plane of the galvanometer coordinate system with the XY plane of the workpiece coordinate system, a crosshair laser-engraved pattern is set in the galvanometer coordinate system of the laser engraving software. The two segments of the crosshair coincide with the X and Y axes of the galvanometer coordinate system, respectively. This pattern is then laser-engraved onto the calibration plate 21. The mechanical X-axis 41 and mechanical Y-axis 42 are moved until the laser-engraved crosshair coincides with the preset crosshair on the calibration plate 21. The position of the mechanical axis at this point is set as the origin of the user coordinate system, and the user coordinate system is constructed from this origin. Clearly, the X-axis of the user coordinate system is parallel to the X-axis of the mechanical coordinate system, the Y-axis of the user coordinate system is parallel to the Y-axis of the mechanical coordinate system, and the Z-axis of the user coordinate system is parallel to the Z-axis of the mechanical coordinate system. The origins of the user coordinate system and the mechanical coordinate system are different.

[0067] Step 3: Measure the offset between the user coordinate system and the machine coordinate system.

[0068] The initial position of the mechanical axis is the origin position, and the mechanical coordinate system is determined by the position of the mechanical axis origin sensor. After determining the position and orientation of the galvanometer 1, and aligning the laser-engraved crosshair with the preset crosshair on the calibration plate 21, the mechanical coordinate positions (x0, y0, z0) of the mechanical X-axis 41, mechanical Y-axis 42, and mechanical Z-axis 43 are recorded. The value of this coordinate position is the offset of the user coordinate system origin position relative to the mechanical coordinate system origin position. This offset can be easily read from the feedback signal of the encoder, linear encoder, or magnetic encoder of the axis control servo system.

[0069] Therefore, the position and orientation of galvanometer 1 relative to the workpiece can be described using the constructed user coordinate system. That is, in process programming, the position of galvanometer 1 is described using coordinate values ​​(x, y, z) in the user coordinate system, making it independent of the mechanical coordinate system of the driving mechanism, and using workpiece 3 as the reference only. During equipment execution, the coordinate values ​​(x, y, z) + (x0, y0, z0) in the mechanical coordinate system are executed. The process recipe constructed in the user coordinate system will not be invalidated due to maintenance of the mechanical axis origin sensor; only recalibration of the user coordinate system origin position is required after maintenance.

[0070] The computer simulation process includes:

[0071] Open the 3D model of the equipment in the mechanical design software. Draw a laser engraving space 11 for the scanning galvanometer, representing the galvanometer coordinate system and the laser engraving working range. Draw a crosshair and reference point 8 representing the X and Y axes of the galvanometer coordinate system at the center of the bottom surface of the laser engraving space 11. Bind the laser engraving space 11, reference point 8, and crosshair to the galvanometer in relative position. Construct the user coordinate system in the 3D model according to the above steps. That is, by moving the mechanical X-axis 41, mechanical Y-axis 42, and mechanical Z-axis 43, align the bottom surface of the laser engraving space 11 with the upper surface of the calibration plate 21, and align the crosshair on the bottom surface of the laser engraving space 11 with the preset crosshair on the calibration plate 21. At this time, the mechanical X-axis 41, mechanical Y-axis 42, and mechanical Z-axis 43 are at the origin of the user coordinate system.

[0072] Hide calibration plate 21, install a fixture at the position of calibration plate 21, and install workpiece 3 on the fixture. Copy a Z-axis slide 61 and fix it at the origin of the user coordinate system as a reference slide 62.

[0073] The mechanical X-axis 41, mechanical Y-axis 42 and mechanical Z-axis 43 are moved so that the laser engraving space 11 fits onto a certain laser engraving surface on the workpiece 3 in an appropriate posture.

[0074] The movement distances of the Z-axis slide 61 and the reference slide 62 in the X, Y, and Z axes after movement are measured. Specifically, the distances between the right side, front surface, and top surface of the Z-axis slide 61 and the corresponding surfaces of the reference slide 62 are measured as the movement distances in the X, Y, and Z axes. These movement distances are used as the mechanical axis attitude process parameters (x, y, z) corresponding to the laser-engraved surface.

[0075] Bind the laser-engraved surface and reference point 8, and export the 3D data of the positional relationship between the laser-engraved surface and the laser-engraved space 11 for use in 3D laser engraving software.

[0076] The laser-engraved graphic and reference point 8 on the laser-engraved surface are projected along the Z-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system into 2D data for use in 3D laser engraving software.

[0077] Import the 3D data of the laser-engraved surface with reference point 8 and the 2D data of the laser-engraved graphic with reference point 8 into the 3D laser-engraving software, and use reference point 8 to locate the laser-engraved surface and the laser-engraved graphic in the laser-engraving space 11.

[0078] Before laser engraving this area, the mechanical axes must be positioned according to the aforementioned mechanical axis attitude parameters. That is, the coordinates executed by the mechanical X-axis 41, mechanical Y-axis 42, and mechanical Z-axis 43 are...

[0079] (x,y,z)+(x0,y0,z0)

[0080] Example 2: See Figures 8-11 As shown, in this embodiment, the mechanical axes of the laser engraving equipment include a mechanical X-axis 41, a mechanical Z-axis 43, an RX rotation axis 44, and an RY rotation axis 45. In this embodiment, the workpiece 3 is elongated, and its length direction (X-axis direction) exceeds the working range of the galvanometer 1. Therefore, in this embodiment, a mechanical X-axis 41 connected to the galvanometer 1 is provided. The four sides of the workpiece 3 also need laser engraving. Therefore, in this embodiment, an RX rotation axis 44 and an RY rotation axis 45 connected to the workpiece 3 are provided. The rotation of the workpiece 3 may cause the laser-engraved curved surface to exceed the zoom range of the galvanometer 1. Therefore, a mechanical Z-axis 43 connected to the workpiece 3 is also provided. The mechanical X-axis 41, mechanical Z-axis 43, RX rotation axis 44, and RY rotation axis 45 can be arranged as described above, or they can be arranged arbitrarily according to actual needs. Some of the mechanical axes can be used to drive the galvanometer 1, and the rest can be used to drive the workpiece 3. Alternatively, all of them can be used to drive the galvanometer 1 or all of them can be used to drive the workpiece 3.

[0081] The steps of constructing a user coordinate system in this embodiment include:

[0082] Step 1: Determine the workpiece coordinate system

[0083] A calibration plate 21 is fabricated, with an orthogonal cross pre-formed on its upper surface. The calibration plate 21 is positioned on the equipment base plate 22 via pin holes. The center of the cross on the calibration plate is taken as the origin of the workpiece coordinate system, and the two straight lines of the cross are taken as the X-axis and Y-axis of the workpiece coordinate system, respectively. The straight line perpendicular to the calibration plate 21 and passing through the origin of the workpiece coordinate system is taken as the Z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system.

[0084] Step 2: Adjust the position and orientation of the galvanometer.

[0085] The calibration plate 21 is raised and lowered by the mechanical Z-axis 43, so that the distance between the lower surface of the galvanometer 1 and the upper surface of the calibration plate 21 is the working distance d of the galvanometer 1.

[0086] In the laser engraving software, a rectangle with side lengths a and b is set on the XY plane of the galvanometer coordinate system as the laser engraving pattern. Its two pairs of opposite sides are parallel to the X and Y axes of the galvanometer coordinate system, respectively. This laser engraving pattern is then laser-engraved on the calibration plate 21. The RX rotation axis 44 and RY rotation axis 45 are repeatedly adjusted until the opposite sides of the marked rectangle are equal in length. This ensures that the optical axis of the galvanometer 1 is perpendicular to the calibration plate 21, i.e., the XY plane of the galvanometer coordinate system is parallel to the XY plane of the workpiece coordinate system. Using the gap between the screw holes on the galvanometer support plate 5 and the galvanometer locking screw, the galvanometer angle is finely adjusted around the Z-axis so that the two sides of the marked rectangle are parallel to the orthogonal lines of the pre-made cross on the calibration plate 21. After adjustment, the galvanometer locking screw is tightened, ensuring that the X and Y axes of the galvanometer coordinate system are parallel to the corresponding X and Y axes of the workpiece coordinate system, respectively. Finally, fine-tuning is performed using the mechanical Z-axis 43 to make the side lengths of the marked rectangle equal to a and b, respectively. To achieve the coincidence of the XY plane of the galvanometer coordinate system and the XY plane of the workpiece coordinate system.

[0087] After aligning the XY plane of the galvanometer coordinate system with the XY plane of the workpiece coordinate system, a crosshair laser engraving pattern is set in the galvanometer coordinate system of the laser engraving software. The two lines of the crosshair coincide with the X and Y axes of the galvanometer coordinate system, respectively. This pattern is then laser engraved onto the calibration plate 21. The mechanical X-axis 41 is moved so that the Y-direction line of the laser engraved crosshair coincides with the Y-direction line of the crosshair on the calibration plate. The position of the mechanical axis at this point is set as the origin of the user coordinate system, and the user coordinate system is constructed from this origin.

[0088] Step 3: Measure the offset between the user coordinate system and the machine coordinate system.

[0089] After determining the position and orientation of galvanometer 1, and aligning the Y-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system with the Y-axis of the workpiece coordinate system, record the mechanical coordinate positions (x0, z0, r) of the mechanical X-axis 41, mechanical Z-axis 43, RX rotation axis 44, and RY rotation axis 45 at this point. x0 ,r y0The value of this coordinate position is the offset of the origin of the user coordinate system relative to the origin of the machine coordinate system. In this state, the distance Δy between the X-direction line of the laser-engraved cross on the calibration plate 21 and the X-direction line of the preset cross on the calibration plate is measured. This value is the deviation between the galvanometer coordinate system and the workpiece coordinate system.

[0090] Since there is no mechanical Y-axis in this embodiment, the Y-axis deviation Δy between the galvanometer coordinate system and the workpiece coordinate system when each mechanical axis is at the user origin position cannot be eliminated by the user coordinate system calibration operation. This systematic deviation will be eliminated by moving the laser engraving surface and laser engraving graphic in the laser engraving software after simulation programming.

[0091] In process programming, the coordinate values ​​(x,z,r) in the user coordinate system are used. x ,r y This describes the position and orientation of galvanometer 1 relative to the workpiece, detaching it from the mechanical coordinate system of the mechanism driving its motion, using workpiece 3 as the sole reference. During operation, each mechanical axis executes its coordinate values ​​in the mechanical coordinate system.

[0092] (x,z,r x ,r y )+(x0,z0,r x0 ,r y0 )

[0093] If the mechanical axis origin sensor is replaced or repaired, simply recalibrate the position (x0, z0, r) of the user coordinate system origin in the mechanical coordinate system according to the calibration method described above. x0 ,r y0 The coordinate values ​​(x,z,r) in the process formula are sufficient. x ,r y No changes are needed.

[0094] The computer simulation process includes:

[0095] Open the 3D model of the equipment in the mechanical design software. Draw a laser engraving space 11 for the galvanometer 1 to represent the galvanometer coordinate system and the laser engraving working range. Specifically, take a geometric point on the optical axis of the galvanometer 1 at a distance d from the lower surface of the galvanometer as the origin of the galvanometer coordinate system. Take the X and Y axes of the galvanometer 1 as the X and Y axes, respectively, to construct the galvanometer coordinate system. Construct the laser engraving space 11 of the galvanometer 1 with the origin of the galvanometer coordinate system as the center of the bottom surface. Set a reference point 8 and the X and Y axes of the galvanometer coordinate system on the bottom surface of the laser engraving space 11. Bind the relative positions of the laser engraving space 11, reference point 8, X and Y axes to the galvanometer 1. Construct the user coordinate system in the 3D model according to the above steps. Place the mechanical X-axis 41, mechanical Z-axis 43, RX rotation axis 44, and RY rotation axis 45 at the origin of the user coordinate system.

[0096] Hide calibration plate 21, install workpiece fixture, and fix workpiece 3 on fixture. Copy Z-axis slide 61 and fix it at the origin of user coordinate system as reference slide 62. Bind auxiliary lines to the stator 72 and rotor 71 respectively, and set rotor auxiliary line 73 and stator auxiliary line 74 parallel.

[0097] The moving mechanical X-axis 41, mechanical Z-axis 43, RX rotation axis 44 and RY rotation axis 45 enable the laser engraving space 11 to fit a certain laser engraving surface on the workpiece 3 in an appropriate posture.

[0098] Measure the movement distances of the Z-axis slide 61 and reference slide 62 in the X and Z axes after movement. Specifically, measure the distances between the right and top surfaces of the Z-axis slide 61 and the corresponding surfaces of the reference slide 62, as the movement distances (x, z) in the X and Z axes. Measure the angle between the rotor auxiliary line 73 and the corresponding stator auxiliary line 74 after rotation, as the coordinate values ​​(r) of the RX rotation axis 44 and the RY rotation axis 45. x ,r y The above measurements are used as the mechanical axis attitude process parameters (x, z, r) corresponding to the laser-engraved surface. x ,r y ).

[0099] Bind the laser-engraved surface and reference point 8, and export the 3D data of the positional relationship between the laser-engraved surface and the laser-engraved space 11 for use in 3D laser engraving software.

[0100] The laser-engraved graphic and reference point 8 on the laser-engraved surface are projected along the Z-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system into 2D data for use in 3D laser engraving software.

[0101] Import the 3D data of the laser-engraved surface with reference point 8 and the 2D data of the laser-engraved graphic with reference point 8 into the 3D laser engraving software. Use the position of reference point 8 in the laser engraving space 11 to locate the laser-engraved surface and the laser-engraved graphic. Then move the laser-engraved surface and the laser-engraved graphic as a whole in the Y direction by -Δy to compensate for the systematic deviation between the galvanometer coordinate system and the workpiece coordinate system.

[0102] Before laser engraving this area, the mechanical axes must be positioned according to the aforementioned mechanical axis attitude parameters. That is, the coordinates executed by the mechanical X-axis 41, mechanical Z-axis 43, RX rotary axis 44, and RY rotary axis 45 are...

[0103] (x,z,r x ,r y )+(x0,z0,r x0 ,r y0 )

[0104] Example 3: See Figure 12As shown in this embodiment, the mechanical axes of the laser engraving equipment include a mechanical X-axis 41, a mechanical Y-axis 42, a mechanical Z-axis 43, and RX, RY, and RZ rotation axes 46 that rotate around each linear axis. This allows for arbitrary positions and orientations of the galvanometer 1 relative to the laser-engraved surface of the workpiece 3. Besides the arrangement shown in this embodiment, the axes can be arranged arbitrarily according to actual needs. Some mechanical axes can be used to drive the galvanometer 1, while the remainder can be used to drive the workpiece 3. Alternatively, all axes can be used to drive the galvanometer 1 or the workpiece 3.

[0105] The steps of constructing a user coordinate system in this embodiment include:

[0106] Step 1: Determine the workpiece coordinate system

[0107] A calibration plate 21 is fabricated, with an orthogonal cross pre-formed on its upper surface. The calibration plate 21 is positioned on the equipment base plate 22 via pin holes. The center of the cross on the calibration plate is taken as the origin of the workpiece coordinate system, and the two straight lines of the cross are taken as the X-axis and Y-axis of the workpiece coordinate system, respectively. The straight line perpendicular to the calibration plate 21 and passing through the origin of the workpiece coordinate system is taken as the Z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system.

[0108] Step 2: Adjust the position and orientation of the galvanometer.

[0109] By adjusting the mechanical axis, the center of the galvanometer 1 is roughly aligned with the center of the crosshair on the calibration plate, and the distance between the lower surface of the galvanometer 1 and the upper surface of the calibration plate 21 is the working distance d of the galvanometer 1.

[0110] In the laser engraving software, a rectangle with side lengths a and b is set on the XY plane of the galvanometer coordinate system as the laser engraving pattern. Its two sets of opposite sides are parallel to the X and Y axes of the galvanometer coordinate system, respectively. This laser engraving pattern is marked on the calibration plate 21. After repeatedly adjusting the RX rotation axis 44 and RY rotation axis 45, the opposite sides of the marked rectangle are made equal in length, thus achieving parallelism between the XY plane of the galvanometer coordinate system and the XY plane of the workpiece coordinate system. Then, after repeatedly adjusting the RZ rotation axis 46, the two sets of opposite sides of the marked rectangle are made parallel to the orthogonal lines of the preset crosshairs on the calibration plate 21, achieving parallelism between the X and Y axes of the galvanometer coordinate system and the corresponding X and Y axes of the workpiece coordinate system, respectively. Finally, through fine-tuning the Z axis 43, the side lengths of the marked rectangle are made equal to a and b, respectively. This achieves the coincidence of the XY plane of the galvanometer coordinate system and the XY plane of the workpiece coordinate system.

[0111] After aligning the XY plane of the galvanometer coordinate system with the XY plane of the workpiece coordinate system, a crosshair laser engraving pattern is set in the galvanometer coordinate system of the laser engraving software. The two straight lines of the crosshair coincide with the X-axis and Y-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system, respectively, and are marked on the calibration plate 21. The mechanical X-axis 41 and mechanical Y-axis 42 are moved until the intersection of the laser engraved crosshair coincides with the intersection of the preset crosshair on the calibration plate 21. The positions of each mechanical axis at this time are set as the origin of the user coordinate system, and the user coordinate system is constructed from the origin of the user coordinate system.

[0112] Step 3: Measure the offset between the user coordinate system and the machine coordinate system.

[0113] After determining the position and orientation of galvanometer 1, and aligning the laser-engraved crosshair with the calibration plate crosshair, record the mechanical coordinate positions (x0, y0, z0, r) of each axis at this point. x0 ,r y0 ,r z0 The value of this coordinate position is the offset of the origin of the user coordinate system relative to the origin of the machine coordinate system. These offsets can be easily obtained from the feedback signals of the encoder, linear encoder, or magnetic encoder of the servo drive system of each axis.

[0114] In process programming, coordinate values ​​(x, y, z, r) from the user coordinate system are used. x ,r y ,r z This describes the position and orientation of galvanometer 1 relative to the workpiece, detaching it from the mechanical coordinate system of the mechanism driving its motion, using workpiece 3 as the sole reference. During operation, the equipment executes the coordinate values ​​in the mechanical coordinate system.

[0115] (x,y,z,r x ,r y ,r z )+(x0,y0,z0,r x0 ,r y0 ,r z0 )

[0116] If the mechanical axis origin sensor is replaced or repaired, simply recalibrate the position (x0, y0, z0, r) of the user coordinate system origin in the mechanical coordinate system according to the calibration method described above. x0 ,r y0 ,r z0 The coordinate values ​​(x,y,z,r) in the process formula are... x ,r y ,r z No changes are needed.

[0117] The computer simulation process includes:

[0118] Open the 3D model of the equipment in the mechanical design software. Draw a laser-engraved space 11 for the galvanometer 1 to represent the galvanometer coordinate system and the working range of the galvanometer. Specifically, take a geometric point on the optical axis of the galvanometer 1 at a distance d from the lower surface of the galvanometer as the origin of the galvanometer coordinate system of the galvanometer 1. Take the X and Y axes of the galvanometer 1 as the X and Y axes, respectively, to construct the galvanometer coordinate system of the galvanometer 1. Draw the working range of the galvanometer 1, i.e., the laser-engraved space 11, with the origin of the galvanometer coordinate system as the center of the bottom surface. Set multiple reference points 8 and the X and Y axes of the galvanometer coordinate system on the bottom surface of the laser-engraved space 11, and bind the relative positions of the laser-engraved space 11, reference points 8, X and Y axes to the galvanometer 1. Construct the user coordinate system in the 3D model according to the above steps of constructing the user coordinate system. Place the mechanical X-axis 41, mechanical Y-axis 42, mechanical Z-axis 43, RX rotation axis 44, RY rotation axis 45, and RZ rotation axis 46 at the origin of the user coordinate system.

[0119] Conceal calibration plate 21, install workpiece fixture, and fix workpiece 3 on fixture.

[0120] The mechanical X-axis 41, Y-axis 42, Z-axis 43, RX rotation axis 44, RY rotation axis 45, and RZ rotation axis 46 are moved to allow the laser engraving space 11 to fit over a laser-engraved curved surface on the workpiece 3 in an appropriate orientation. The distance (x, y, z) and rotation angle (r) of the galvanometer 1 relative to the workpiece are measured according to the methods described in Examples 1 and 2. x ,r y ,r z The above measurements are used as the mechanical axis attitude process parameters (x, y, z, r) corresponding to the laser-engraved surface. x ,r y ,r z ).

[0121] Bind the laser-engraved surface and reference point 8, and export the 3D data of the positional relationship between the laser-engraved surface and the laser-engraved space 11 for use in 3D laser engraving software.

[0122] The laser-engraved graphic and reference point 8 on the laser-engraved surface are projected along the Z-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system into 2D data for use in 3D laser engraving software.

[0123] Import the 3D data of the laser-engraved surface with reference point 8 and the 2D data of the laser-engraved graphic with reference point 8 into the 3D laser-engraving software, and use reference point 8 to locate the laser-engraved surface and the laser-engraved graphic in the laser-engraving space 11.

[0124] Before laser engraving this area, the mechanical axes must be positioned according to the aforementioned mechanical axis attitude parameters. Specifically, the coordinates executed by the mechanical X-axis 41, mechanical Y-axis 42, mechanical Z-axis 43, RX rotary axis 44, RY rotary axis 45, and RZ rotary axis 46 are as follows:

[0125] (x,y,z,r x,r y ,r z )+(x0,y0,z0,r x0 ,r y0 ,r z0 )

[0126] Example 4: See Figures 13-14 As shown, in this embodiment, the laser engraving device only has a mechanical Z-axis 43 for driving the galvanometer 1 to move.

[0127] In this embodiment, the steps of constructing a user coordinate system include:

[0128] Step 1: Determine the workpiece coordinate system

[0129] The equipment base plate 22 is used as the calibration plate 21. A preset graphic, such as a cross, with orthogonal straight lines is set at the center of the equipment base plate 22. The center of the cross is used as the origin of the workpiece coordinate system, and the two straight lines of the cross are used as the X-axis and Y-axis of the workpiece coordinate system, respectively. The straight line perpendicular to the equipment base plate 22 and passing through the origin of the workpiece coordinate system is used as the Z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system.

[0130] Step 2: Adjust the position and orientation of the galvanometer.

[0131] The galvanometer 1 is raised and lowered by the mechanical Z-axis 43, so that the distance between the lower surface of the galvanometer 1 and the upper surface of the equipment base plate 22 is the working distance d of the galvanometer 1.

[0132] In the laser engraving software, a rectangle with side lengths a and b is set on the XY plane of the galvanometer coordinate system as the laser engraving graphic. Its two pairs of opposite sides are parallel to the X and Y axes of the galvanometer coordinate system, respectively. The laser engraving graphic is marked on the equipment base plate 22. Shims are added around the galvanometer 1 to allow the galvanometer 1 to rotate or be manually rotated to adjust its orientation, ensuring that the XY plane of the galvanometer coordinate system is parallel to the XY plane of the workpiece coordinate system, and that the X and Y axes of the galvanometer coordinate system are parallel to the corresponding axes of the workpiece coordinate system. Specifically, shims of appropriate thickness can be placed at appropriate positions between the galvanometer 1 and the galvanometer support plate 5 to adjust the pitch and yaw angles of the galvanometer 1 around the X and Y axes. After adjustment, the marking process is repeated on the equipment base plate 22. This process is repeated until the opposite sides of the marked rectangle are equal in length, achieving parallelism between the XY plane of the galvanometer coordinate system and the XY plane of the workpiece coordinate system. Using the gap between the screw holes on the galvanometer support plate 5 and the galvanometer locking screw, fine-tune the angle of the galvanometer 1 around the Z-axis so that the two sides of the marked rectangle are parallel to the orthogonal lines of the preset pattern on the base plate. After adjustment, tighten the galvanometer locking screw to make the X and Y axes in the galvanometer coordinate system parallel to the corresponding X and Y axes in the workpiece coordinate system, respectively. Then, fine-tune the Z-axis 43 mechanically to make the side lengths of the marked rectangle equal to a and b, respectively. This achieves the coincidence of the XY plane of the galvanometer coordinate system and the XY plane of the workpiece coordinate system.

[0133] Step 4: Measure the deviation between the galvanometer coordinate system and the workpiece coordinate system.

[0134] After determining the position and orientation of galvanometer 1, the XY axes of the galvanometer coordinate system are marked on the equipment base plate 22 using the galvanometer, and the offset (Δx, Δy) between the marked axes and the prefabricated cross on the equipment base plate 22 is measured. This offset is the deviation between the galvanometer coordinate system and the workpiece coordinate system.

[0135] Since there are no mechanical X-axis and mechanical Y-axis in this embodiment, the deviation values ​​(Δx, Δy) between the galvanometer coordinate system and the workpiece coordinate system in the X and Y directions cannot be eliminated by the user coordinate system calibration operation. This systematic deviation will be eliminated by moving the 3D digital model of the laser-engraved surface and the 2D digital model of the laser-engraved graphic after simulation programming.

[0136] The computer simulation process includes:

[0137] In this embodiment, the relative positions of the galvanometer 1 and the workpiece 3 are fixed. Therefore, there is no need to simulate the posture of the galvanometer 1 so that the laser engraving space 11 can enclose the laser engraving surface.

[0138] Open the 3D model of the equipment in the mechanical design software, and draw the laser engraving space 11 on the equipment base plate 22 of the 3D model. Set multiple reference points 8 within the laser engraving space 11.

[0139] Install the fixture, fix the workpiece 3 on the fixture, bind the laser engraving surface and reference point 8, and export the 3D data of the positional relationship between the laser engraving surface and the laser engraving space 11 for use in 3D laser engraving software.

[0140] The laser-engraved graphic and reference point 8 on the laser-engraved surface are projected along the Z-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system into 2D data for use in 3D laser engraving software.

[0141] Import the 3D data with reference point 8 and the 2D data with reference point 8 into the 3D laser engraving software. Use the position of reference point 8 in the laser engraving space 11 to locate the laser engraving surface and the laser engraving graphic. Move the laser engraving surface and the laser engraving graphic in the X and Y directions respectively (-Δx, -Δy) to compensate for the deviation between the galvanometer coordinate system and the workpiece coordinate system.

[0142] Specific embodiments have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a user coordinate system in a laser engraving device, wherein the mechanical axes of the laser engraving device include at least two mutually perpendicular linear motion axes, and one of the linear motion axes is a mechanical Z-axis parallel to the optical axis of the galvanometer, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The workpiece coordinate system is determined by the workpiece installation position; Adjust the galvanometer orientation so that the XY plane of the galvanometer coordinate system is parallel to the XY plane of the workpiece coordinate system; and rotate the galvanometer around its optical axis so that the X-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system is parallel to the X-axis of the workpiece coordinate system, and the Y-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system is parallel to the Y-axis of the workpiece coordinate system. Move the mechanical axis used to change the position of the galvanometer or the installation position of the workpiece so that the XY plane in the galvanometer coordinate system coincides with the XY plane in the workpiece coordinate system, and at least one of the X-axis and Y-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system coincides with the corresponding axis in the workpiece coordinate system. Set the position of the mechanical axis at this time as the origin position of the user coordinate system. A user coordinate system is constructed from the origin of the user coordinate system to calibrate the relative position and orientation of the galvanometer and the workpiece. The step "adjusting the galvanometer posture to make the galvanometer coordinate system XY plane parallel to the workpiece coordinate system XY plane" includes: using laser marking software to set a rectangular first laser engraving pattern in the galvanometer coordinate system XY plane; laser engraving the first laser engraving pattern onto the equipment base plate or calibration plate to form a second laser engraving pattern; measuring the side length of the second laser engraving pattern and repeatedly rotating the galvanometer until the two sets of opposite sides of the second laser engraving pattern are of equal length. The step "Move the mechanical axis to make the XY plane in the galvanometer coordinate system coincide with the XY plane in the workpiece coordinate system" includes: using laser marking software to set a polygonal third laser engraving pattern in the XY plane of its galvanometer coordinate system; laser engraving the third laser engraving pattern onto the equipment base plate or calibration plate to form a fourth laser engraving pattern; measuring the side length of the fourth laser engraving pattern and repeatedly adjusting the mechanical Z-axis until each side of the fourth laser engraving pattern is the same length as the corresponding side of the third laser engraving pattern.

2. The method for constructing a user coordinate system in a laser engraving device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the workpiece coordinate system based on the workpiece installation position includes: A preset graphic with orthogonal straight lines is provided on the base plate of the equipment or on the calibration plate positioned on the base plate of the equipment; The intersection of orthogonal lines in the preset graphic is taken as the origin of the workpiece coordinate system, and the orthogonal lines are taken as the X-axis and Y-axis of the workpiece coordinate system, respectively. The Z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system is determined by a vertically preset graphic that passes through the origin of the workpiece coordinate system.

3. The method for constructing a user coordinate system in a laser engraving device according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the mechanical axis is a linear motion axis: Add shims around the galvanometer to rotate the galvanometer and adjust its orientation so that the XY plane of the galvanometer coordinate system is parallel to the XY plane of the workpiece coordinate system; rotate the galvanometer around its optical axis so that the X-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system is parallel to the X-axis of the workpiece coordinate system, and the Y-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system is parallel to the Y-axis of the workpiece coordinate system. By changing the position of the galvanometer or the installation position of the workpiece through the linear motion axis, the XY plane determined by the galvanometer coordinate system and the XY plane determined by the workpiece coordinate system are made to coincide. At least one of the X-axis and Y-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system coincides with the corresponding axis in the workpiece coordinate system. The position of the mechanical axis at this time is set as the origin of the user coordinate system.

4. The method for constructing a user coordinate system in a laser engraving device according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the mechanical shaft includes a linear motion shaft and a rotary shaft: The galvanometer is rotated by a rotating axis to adjust its orientation so that the XY plane of the galvanometer coordinate system is parallel to the XY plane of the workpiece coordinate system; the galvanometer is rotated around its optical axis by a rotating axis so that the X-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system is parallel to the X-axis of the workpiece coordinate system, and the Y-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system is parallel to the Y-axis of the workpiece coordinate system. By changing the position of the galvanometer or the installation position of the workpiece through the linear motion axis, the XY plane determined by the galvanometer coordinate system and the XY plane determined by the workpiece coordinate system are made to coincide. At least one of the X-axis and Y-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system coincides with the corresponding axis in the workpiece coordinate system. The position of the mechanical axis at this time is set as the origin of the user coordinate system.

5. The method for constructing a user coordinate system in a laser engraving device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, When only one of the X-axis and Y-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system coincides with the corresponding axis in the workpiece coordinate system, the steps for obtaining the deviation between the galvanometer coordinate system and the workpiece coordinate system include: after determining the position of the origin of the user coordinate system, measuring the distance between the corresponding axes in the galvanometer coordinate system and the workpiece coordinate system that do not coincide, as the deviation between the galvanometer coordinate system and the workpiece coordinate system, which is used to compensate for the position of the 3D digital model and 2D laser engraving graphics of the product during simulation.

6. A method for constructing a user coordinate system in a laser engraving device, characterized in that, When the linear motion axis of the laser engraving equipment is a mechanical Z-axis parallel to the optical axis of the galvanometer; the method for constructing the user coordinate system includes the following steps: The workpiece coordinate system is determined by the workpiece installation position; Adjust the galvanometer orientation so that the XY plane of the galvanometer coordinate system is parallel to the XY plane of the workpiece coordinate system; and rotate the galvanometer around its optical axis so that the X-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system is parallel to the X-axis of the workpiece coordinate system, and the Y-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system is parallel to the Y-axis of the workpiece coordinate system. By adjusting the galvanometer posture and moving the mechanical Z-axis used to change the galvanometer position or workpiece mounting position, the XY plane in the galvanometer coordinate system coincides with the XY plane in the workpiece coordinate system. At this time, the workpiece coordinate system is set as the user coordinate system for calibrating the galvanometer position. The step "adjusting the galvanometer posture to make the galvanometer coordinate system XY plane parallel to the workpiece coordinate system XY plane" includes: using laser marking software to set a rectangular first laser engraving pattern in the galvanometer coordinate system XY plane; laser engraving the first laser engraving pattern onto the equipment base plate or calibration plate to form a second laser engraving pattern; measuring the side length of the second laser engraving pattern and repeatedly rotating the galvanometer until the two sets of opposite sides of the second laser engraving pattern are of equal length. The step "Move the mechanical axis to make the XY plane in the galvanometer coordinate system coincide with the XY plane in the workpiece coordinate system" includes: using laser marking software to set a polygonal third laser engraving pattern in the XY plane of its galvanometer coordinate system; laser engraving the third laser engraving pattern onto the equipment base plate or calibration plate to form a fourth laser engraving pattern; measuring the side length of the fourth laser engraving pattern and repeatedly adjusting the mechanical Z-axis until each side of the fourth laser engraving pattern is the same length as the corresponding side of the third laser engraving pattern.

7. A simulation method for constructing the position and orientation of a laser-engraved surface in a galvanometer coordinate system, characterized in that, The steps of the simulation method include: In the digital model of the equipment, a laser engraving space is drawn to represent the coordinate system of the galvanometer, and multiple reference points are set in the laser engraving space. The laser engraving space, reference points and galvanometer are bound to the relative positional relationship. Install a calibration plate model in the equipment model to determine the workpiece coordinate system; A user coordinate system is constructed from a galvanometer coordinate system and a workpiece coordinate system, wherein the method for constructing a user coordinate system is as described in any one of claims 1 to 6; Remove the calibration plate model from the equipment model and install the workpiece fixture model and the workpiece model; Move each mechanical axis so that the laser engraving space fits onto the laser engraving surface to be processed on the workpiece in an appropriate posture. Measure the distance moved and / or the rotation angle of each axis relative to the origin of the user coordinate system. Use the measurement data as the mechanical axis parameters of the laser engraving surface in the user coordinate system. After binding the positional relationship between the laser-engraved surface and the reference point, export them together and input them into the laser marking software. In the laser marking software, the reference point is used to locate the laser-engraved surface. After binding the positional relationship between the laser-engraved graphic and the reference point on the laser-engraved surface, project it into a 2D graphic along the Z-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system. Import this graphic as a laser-engraved image file into the laser marking software. After positioning the laser-engraved graphic using the reference point, project it back onto the laser-engraved surface along the Z-axis of the galvanometer coordinate system.

8. The simulation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: When constructing the user coordinate system, if the origin of the galvanometer coordinate system and the origin of the workpiece coordinate system are set offset in the same plane, the laser-engraved surface and laser-engraved graphic are moved in the reverse direction in the X and Y directions by the offset between the origin of the galvanometer coordinate system and the origin of the workpiece coordinate system.

Images