Intermittent contact and separation long-life rotary friction nanogenerator

Abstract

The application provides a long-life rotary friction nanogenerator with intermittent contact and separation, which comprises a shell, a rotating shaft, a connecting key, a sliding disc and a spring arranged in the shell; the rotating shaft is provided with a rotating disc, and the rotating shaft is provided with a sliding groove in the axial direction; the sliding disc is installed on the rotating shaft through the connecting key and the sliding groove; one end of the spring is connected with the bottom wall of the shell, and the other end is connected with the sliding disc; the bottom wall of the rotating disc is provided with a semicircular ring-shaped dielectric friction layer; the bottom wall of the sliding disc is provided with an electrode layer composed of two semicircular ring-shaped aluminum foils; in the initial state, the rotating disc is tightly attached to the sliding disc; the rotating shaft is driven to rotate; the connecting key can slide along the sliding groove, so that the sliding disc gradually moves away from the rotating disc; under the action of external wind power and the spring, the sliding disc returns to the initial position along the sliding groove, and the cycle is repeated. The intermittent contact and separation of the dielectric friction layer and the friction layer are realized through the mechanical structure, so as to reduce the wear and tear between the dielectric friction layer and the friction layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy, and more particularly to a long-life rotary triboelectric nanogenerator with intermittent contact separation. Background Technology

[0002] The widespread use of wireless sensors requires a continuous, reliable, and long-life power supply system. Currently, sensors are mainly powered by energy storage batteries and solar cells. Energy storage batteries require regular replacement, are labor-intensive and costly, and are prone to environmental pollution. Solar cell power supply is greatly affected by weather and environmental conditions and is also expensive. Low-frequency mechanical energy, represented by hydropower and wind power, is ubiquitous in nature, day and night. If energy from the working environment, such as wind, friction, sound waves, ultrasound, biological activity, and fluids, could be collected to power the equipment, or even integrated into self-powered sensors, the power supply problem for wireless sensors could be solved.

[0003] Triboelectric nanogenerators (TGNs) have significant application prospects in the field of wireless sensing due to their ability to extract low-frequency energy from the environment and convert it into electrical energy. However, the lifespan of these generators is reduced due to frictional wear between the internal electrodes during operation, necessitating the invention of a stable and long-life TGN. Application No. 202110497500.0 proposes a method for fabricating a graphene micro-folded TGN, using graphene (rGO) micro-folds of different morphologies prepared on a shape memory polymer substrate as the positive electrode friction material. The unique micro-fold structure and good adhesion between the rGO and the substrate film extend the lifespan. Application No. 202210031458.8 provides a vibration sensor based on a TGN. Two friction layers work together in an external circuit to generate an AC signal, driving a rotating component. This avoids damage caused by collisions between the two friction layers at the same location, extending the lifespan. However, it still suffers from drawbacks such as high cost of friction material fabrication and complex internal structure, highlighting the urgent need for a long-life TGN with a simple structure and low manufacturing cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a long-life rotary triboelectric nanogenerator with intermittent contact and separation, which achieves intermittent contact and separation between the dielectric triboelectric layer and the triboelectric layer through a mechanical structure.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned technical objectives through the following technical means.

[0006] A long-life rotary triboelectric nanogenerator with intermittent contact separation includes a housing and a rotating shaft, a connecting key, a sliding disk, and a spring disposed within the housing;

[0007] A rotating disk is provided on the rotating shaft, and a sliding groove is provided on the rotating shaft along the axial direction. The sliding disk is installed on the rotating shaft through a connecting key and the sliding groove. One end of the spring is connected to the bottom wall of the housing, and the other end is connected to the sliding disk. A semi-circular dielectric friction layer is provided on the bottom wall of the rotating disk, and two semi-circular electrode layers are provided on the bottom wall of the sliding disk.

[0008] In the initial state, the rotating disk and the sliding disk are in close contact, driving the rotating shaft to rotate. The connecting key can slide along the slide groove, causing the sliding disk to gradually move away from the rotating disk. When the rotation angle of the rotating shaft reaches 90°, the sliding disk reaches its farthest position. When the rotation angle is between 90° and 270°, the sliding disk remains at its farthest position. Subsequently, under the action of the spring, the sliding disk returns to its initial position along the slide groove, and this cycle repeats.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a large bearing and a small bearing, which are used to support the rotating shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a fan, which is mounted on the rotating shaft and located outside the housing.

[0011] Furthermore, along the axial direction of the rotation axis, the slide groove includes a first straight section slide groove, an arc section slide groove, and a second straight section slide groove connected in sequence.

[0012] Furthermore, along the axial direction of the rotation axis, the length of the arc segment is half the length of the groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the dielectric triboelectric layer comprises a flexible substrate material and an Ecoflex thin film.

[0014] Furthermore, the electrode layer comprises a flexible substrate material and an aluminum electrode material.

[0015] Furthermore, the flexible substrate material is made of silicone rubber.

[0016] Furthermore, the number of springs is four, evenly distributed along the circumference of the sliding disk.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0018] 1) This invention uses a special groove structure to achieve periodic rotational contact and separation between the dielectric friction layer and the friction layer, which can reduce wear and tear between the dielectric friction layer and the friction layer, and improve the service life and output stability of the equipment.

[0019] 2) The triboelectric nanogenerator of the present invention has a compact structure, with the dielectric triboelectric layer and the electrode layer located inside the shell, resulting in high space utilization. It can be placed in areas that are difficult for humans to reach, and collect various types of energy in the environment, such as wind energy, to power the sensor, thus solving the energy endurance problem of traditional sensors and having broad application prospects.

[0020] 3) The arc-shaped slide in the slide structure of the present invention can alleviate the impact between the connecting key and the inner wall of the slide to a certain extent during rotation. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of an intermittent rotating contact separation triboelectric nanogenerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working process of an intermittent contact separation triboelectric nanogenerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the power generation principle of an intermittent contact separation triboelectric nanogenerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation of the connecting key, sliding disk, and spring in the housing in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 These are front and right views of a rotating shaft with a special groove, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a groove structure for an intermittent rotating contact separation triboelectric nanogenerator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 6 The relationship between the output voltage of the sliding groove structure and the electrode rotation angle is shown in the figure.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a groove structure for an intermittent rotating contact separation triboelectric nanogenerator according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 for Figure 8 The relationship between the output voltage of the sliding groove structure and the electrode rotation angle is shown in the figure.

[0030] Figure label:

[0031] 1-Fan, 2-Large bearing, 3-Rotating shaft, 4-Dielectric friction layer, 5-Electrode layer, 6-Connecting key, 7-Sliding disk, 8-Small bearing, 9-Spring, 10-Housing. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0034] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] The following describes, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a long-life rotary triboelectric nanogenerator with intermittent contact separation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] Please see Figures 1 to 9 According to an embodiment of the present invention, a long-life rotary triboelectric nanogenerator with intermittent contact separation includes a housing 10 and a rotating shaft 3, a connecting key 6, a sliding disk 7, a large bearing 2, a small bearing 8 and a spring 9 disposed within the housing 10.

[0038] Specifically, the housing 10 measures 50×50×40mm. Spaces are reserved within the housing 10 for mounting a large bearing 2 and a small bearing 8. The rotating shaft 3 is supported by the large bearing 2 and the small bearing 8. The rotating shaft 3 is 54mm long and 3mm in diameter, comprising a first shaft section, a rotating disk, and a third shaft section connected sequentially. The first shaft section is 15mm long and can be used to mount an energy harvesting device such as a fan 1. The fan 1 is located outside the housing 10 and can harvest wind energy from the environment. The rotating disk has a diameter of 25mm and a length of 9mm. During operation, it is located inside the large bearing 2, which is a deep groove ball bearing (GB / T 276—1994) with an outer diameter of 42mm and an inner diameter of 25mm. The third shaft section has a diameter of 5mm and a length of 30mm, and features a special groove structure for engaging with the sliding disk 7. The third shaft section is supported by a small bearing 8, which is a deep groove ball bearing (GB / T 276—1994) with an outer diameter of 14mm and an inner diameter of 5mm.

[0039] The bottom wall of the housing 10 has four circumferentially evenly distributed raised truncated cones for mounting four springs 9. One end of each spring 9 is connected to the bottom wall of the housing 10, and the other end is connected to the sliding disk 7. The springs 9 support the sliding disk 7, which has a diameter of 24 mm and an inner diameter of 5 mm. A circular hole is left on the inner wall of the central circular hole of the sliding disk 7 for mounting a cylindrical connecting key 6, allowing the connecting key 6 to drive the sliding disk 7 to move up and down along the sliding groove structure.

[0040] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, there is a key mounting groove at the lower section of the rotating shaft 3 that leads directly to the highest point of the slide structure, which is used to drive the sliding disk 7 to the top of the slide structure along the mounting groove structure.

[0041] Furthermore, the inner wall of the housing 10 is provided with four arc-shaped cylindrical ribs, which correspond one-to-one with the four cylindrical arc-shaped grooves on the sliding disk 7, so that the sliding disk 7 only moves up and down along the grooves on the rotating shaft 3 when the rotating shaft 3 rotates, and does not rotate.

[0042] A flexible substrate material is attached to the bottom wall of the rotating disk, followed by a semi-circular Ecoflex film with a diameter of 24 mm, an inner diameter of 5 mm, and a thickness of 0.1 mm as a dielectric friction layer. A flexible substrate material is attached to the bottom wall of the sliding disk 7, followed by two semi-circular aluminum foils with a diameter of 24 mm, an inner diameter of 5 mm, and a thickness of 0.1 mm as two electrode layers. The flexible substrate material is made of silicone rubber. A groove is formed along the diameter of the sliding disk 7 to separate the two semi-circular electrode layers.

[0043] Along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3, the slide includes a first straight section slide, an arc section slide, and a second straight section slide connected in sequence. The total length of the slide is approximately 15.7 mm, the height is 3.5 mm, the spacing between slides is 0.9 mm, and the distance from the surface of the slide to the surface of the cylinder is 0.6 mm. The total length of the first and second straight section slides is approximately 7.8 mm. The outer radius of the arc section slide is approximately 6 mm, the inner radius is approximately 5.1 mm, and the total length is approximately 7.8 mm. The total length of the two straight section slides is the same as the length of the arc section slide. The joints of each slide section have a fillet with a radius R of 1 mm to reduce the impact between the connecting key and the track.

[0044] The specific working process of an intermittent rotating contact separation triboelectric nanogenerator according to an embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0045] In the initial state, the rotating disk and the sliding disk 7 are in close contact, and the force drives the rotating shaft 3 to rotate. The connecting key 6 can slide along the slide groove, so that the sliding disk 7 gradually moves away from the rotating disk. When the rotation angle of the rotating shaft 3 reaches 90°, the sliding disk 7 reaches the farthest position. When the rotation angle is from 90° to 270°, the sliding disk 7 remains at the farthest position. Then, under the action of the spring 9, the sliding disk 7 returns to the initial position along the slide groove, and this cycle repeats.

[0046] The power generation principle of an intermittent rotating contact separation triboelectric nanogenerator according to an embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown, in this invention, electrodes 5A and 5B are connected to the load and output terminals respectively; 5A' in the figure represents electrode 5A in the next cycle, and the connection method is equivalent to that of electrode 5A. Since the sliding disk 7 moves up and down along the groove on the rotating shaft 3, the dashed line in the figure approximates its relative motion trajectory. The power generation process is as follows... Figure 3 As shown, in the initial state, the semi-circular Ecoflex 00-30 silicone film of the dielectric tribological layer 4 is in contact with the electrode 5A. At this time, due to the triboelectric effect, the electrode 5A and the surface of the dielectric tribological layer 4 gain and lose an equal amount of electrons due to the difference in electronegativity, as shown in I. When the rotation angle is between 0° and 90°, the dielectric tribological layer 4 gradually moves upward along the dotted line direction. Under the action of electrostatic induction, the electrode 5B acquires an opposite charge equal to that of the dielectric tribological layer 4. During this process, the electrode 5A gradually loses electrons, and at this time, a current is generated in the external circuit from the electrode 5A to the electrode 5B, as shown in I to III. When the rotation angle is between 90° and 180°, the facing area between the dielectric tribological layer 4 and the electrode 5B gradually increases until it reaches its maximum value at 180°. At this time, the potential difference of the external circuit reaches its negative maximum value, as shown in III. Figure IVAs shown; when the rotation angle is between 180° and 270°, electrode 5A' acquires an equal amount of opposite charge to the dielectric friction layer 4 under the action of electrostatic induction, while electrode 5B loses its positive charge. At this time, a directional current is generated in the external circuit from electrode 5B to electrode 5A', as shown in Figure V; when the rotation angle is between 270° and 360°, the facing area between the dielectric friction layer and electrode 5A' gradually increases, and the potential difference in the external circuit gradually reaches its maximum positive value, as shown in Figure V. Figure VI As shown, the dielectric friction layer is then pushed towards position 5A' by the spring, eventually returning to the initial position and entering the final cycle.

[0048] Its output voltage is related to the electrode rotation angle as follows: Figure 7 As shown, when the rotation angle increases from 0° to 90°, the distance between the dielectric friction layer 4 and the electrode layer 5 gradually increases, and the movement of the dielectric friction layer 4 causes a change in the facing area, resulting in a gradual decrease in the potential difference between the two plates. When the rotation angle reaches 90°, the facing area between the dielectric friction layer 4 and the adjacent electrode is the same, and the potential difference between the electrodes is 0. From 90° to 180°, the distance between the dielectric friction layer 4 and the electrode remains at its maximum, and only horizontal movement occurs, with the charge transfer direction being opposite to the previous stage. The process from 180° to 360° is a reversal of the previous two processes. When the rotation angle is 180° and 360°, the dielectric friction layer 4 faces the electrodes that are interleaved within it, at which point the maximum negative potential difference and the maximum positive potential difference are obtained.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is the groove structure. In this embodiment, the groove structure unfolds axially as follows: Figure 8 As shown, its structure is similar to Figure 6 The difference between the two is that the height of the slide rail in this embodiment is 2.5mm, which means that when the rotating shaft 3 rotates, the dielectric friction layer 4 and the electrode layer 5 are closer together than in embodiment 1. Its working principle is similar to that of embodiment 1. Because the maximum distance between the dielectric friction layer 4 and the electrode layer 5 is reduced, its maximum output voltage is also increased accordingly.

[0051] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0052] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A long-life rotary triboelectric nanogenerator with intermittent contact separation, characterized in that, Includes a housing (10) and a rotating shaft (3), a connecting key (6), a sliding disk (7) and a spring (9) disposed within the housing (10); A rotating disk is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (3). The rotating disk can rotate synchronously with the rotating shaft (3). A sliding groove is provided on the rotating shaft (3) along the axial direction. The sliding groove includes a first straight segment sliding groove, an arc segment sliding groove and a second straight segment sliding groove connected in sequence. The sliding disk (7) is mounted on the rotating shaft (3) through a connecting key (6) and the sliding groove. One end of the spring (9) is connected to the bottom wall of the housing (10) and the other end is connected to the sliding disk (7). A semi-circular dielectric friction layer (4) is provided on one side surface of the rotating disk facing the sliding disk (7). Two semi-circular electrode layers (5) are provided on one side surface of the sliding disk (7) facing the rotating disk. In the initial state, the rotating disk and the sliding disk (7) are in close contact, driving the rotating shaft (3) to rotate. The connecting key (6) can slide along the groove, so that the sliding disk (7) gradually moves away from the rotating disk. When the rotation angle of the rotating shaft (3) reaches 90°, the sliding disk (7) reaches the farthest position. When the rotation angle is from 90° to 270°, the sliding disk (7) remains at the farthest position. Then, under the action of the spring (9), the sliding disk (7) returns to the initial position along the groove, and this cycle repeats.

2. The long-life rotary triboelectric nanogenerator with intermittent contact separation according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a large bearing (2) and a small bearing (8), which are used to support the rotating shaft (3).

3. The long-life rotary triboelectric nanogenerator with intermittent contact separation according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a fan (1), which is mounted on the rotating shaft (3) and located outside the housing (10).

4. The long-life rotary triboelectric nanogenerator with intermittent contact separation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the rotation axis (3), the length of the arc segment is half the length of the groove.

5. The long-life rotary triboelectric nanogenerator with intermittent contact separation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric triboelectric layer (4) comprises a flexible substrate material and an Ecoflex film.

6. The long-life rotary triboelectric nanogenerator with intermittent contact separation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrode layer (5) includes a flexible substrate material and an aluminum electrode material.

7. The long-life rotary triboelectric nanogenerator with intermittent contact separation according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The flexible substrate material is made of silicone rubber.

8. The long-life rotary triboelectric nanogenerator with intermittent contact separation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of springs (9) is four, and they are evenly distributed along the circumference of the sliding disk (7).

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