A method for a 5G millimeter wave base station to generate accurate frame excitation

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of frame excitation, in particular to a method for generating accurate frame excitation of 5G millimeter wave base station, comprising: obtaining each second pulse signal by using hardware according to the clock synchronization mechanism set in the pre-constructed 5G millimeter wave base station; obtaining target frame excitation in millimeter wave by using software to realize the function of 5G millimeter wave base station according to each second pulse signal, the target frame excitation is the frame excitation of protocol stack excitation service scheduling, the function of 5G millimeter wave base station includes second pulse signal interrupt service and transmission time interval service, and the present application effectively improves the accuracy of the frame excitation generated by the 5G millimeter wave base station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of frame excitation technology, and more specifically to a method for generating precise frame excitation in a 5G millimeter-wave base station. Background Technology

[0002] In 5G (5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology), 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) defines different subcarrier intervals. Different subcarrier intervals define different numbers of slots within 1ms. Taking a subcarrier interval of 120kHz as an example, when the subcarrier interval is 120kHz, one slot needs to be generated every 125µs interval. This slot can incentivize service scheduling in the protocol stack. Therefore, this 125µs interval should be very precise and will not generate accumulated errors. Thus, to obtain a precise 125µs interval, a slot frame incentivization (TTI, Transmission Time Interval) method is needed in the development of 5G services.

[0003] Existing frame excitation methods rely heavily on hardware, such as FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Arrays), to parse the 1588 clock or GPS (Global Positioning System) clock, and then calculate precise 125µs intervals on the FPGA. However, this method is overly dependent on hardware, resulting in high implementation costs. The front end transmits the clock signal and service data packets to the BBU (Building Baseband Unit), where the service side polls and parses the relevant slot information. In this method, the latency interval fluctuates along with the data, creating coupling and making service data parsing difficult. This makes distribution challenging in multi-process scenarios on the service side, resulting in low overall accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problems of high implementation cost and poor frame excitation accuracy in existing frame excitation methods, the present invention aims to provide a method for generating accurate frame excitation in 5G millimeter-wave base stations.

[0005] This invention provides a method for generating precise frame excitation in a 5G millimeter-wave base station, comprising the following steps: Based on the clock synchronization mechanism set in the pre-built 5G millimeter-wave base station, the individual second pulse signals are obtained using hardware. Based on each second pulse signal, the function of a 5G millimeter-wave base station is implemented using software to obtain the target frame excitation in the millimeter wave. The target frame excitation is the frame excitation of the protocol stack excitation service scheduling. The functions of the 5G millimeter-wave base station include second pulse signal interruption service and transmission time interval service.

[0006] Furthermore, the second pulse signal interrupt service includes triggering the startup and calibration of the 125usTTI timer in the operating system.

[0007] Furthermore, the step of calibrating the 125µs TTI timer includes: Obtain the system time corresponding to each second pulse signal, and obtain the system time corresponding to each set number of transmission time intervals; Based on the system time corresponding to each second pulse signal and the system time corresponding to a set number of transmission time intervals, determine the calibration degree index for each calibration of the 125usTTI timer. Based on the calibration degree index and preset error range of each calibration, determine whether the 125usTTI timer needs to be restarted for each calibration.

[0008] Furthermore, the transmission time interval service includes SFP interface timing calculation and slot excitation.

[0009] Furthermore, the steps for timing calculation of the SFP interface include: Obtain a first preset value range, which is the value range of the time slot number. When the number of time slot numbers is equal to the maximum value of the first preset value range, trigger the subframe number to increase. Obtain the second preset value range, which is the value range of the subframe number. When the number of subframe numbers is equal to the maximum value of the second preset value range, trigger the frame number to increase and store the frame number in the shared memory to obtain the result of the SFP interface timing calculation.

[0010] Furthermore, the slot activation step includes: Based on the timing calculation results of the SFP interface, the updated frame number, subframe number, and time slot number are obtained from the shared memory through the preset interrupt notification protocol stack, where the preset interrupt is an IPI interrupt.

[0011] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a method for generating precise frame excitation in a 5G millimeter-wave base station. This method can generate time slot numbers with an accuracy no lower than that of an FPGA without relying on additional hardware. Moreover, this method is decoupled from the service side, enabling simultaneous notification of multiple service processes without affecting overall performance. Most importantly, this method has wide applicability and can support BBU baseband processing units of x86 and ARM architectures. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for generating precise frame excitation in a 5G millimeter-wave base station according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second pulse signal in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the calibration of a 125µs TTI timer in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission time interval service in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a statistical diagram illustrating the operating system timing of 125µs in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0014] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve its intended purpose, the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the technical solution proposed according to the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0015] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0016] This embodiment provides a method for generating precise frame excitation in a 5G millimeter-wave base station, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: (1) Based on the clock synchronization mechanism set in the pre-built 5G millimeter wave base station, each second pulse signal is obtained using hardware.

[0017] In the pre-built 5G millimeter-wave base station of this embodiment, a clock synchronization mechanism is required. This mechanism can be 1588 or GPS; there is no specific limitation, and the implementer can determine the type of clock synchronization mechanism according to the specific actual situation. Regardless of whether the operating system of the 5G millimeter-wave base station is x86 (The x86 architecture, the computer language instruction set executed by the microprocessor) or Arm (Advanced RISC Machines) architecture, the hardware can generate 1pps and Tod based on the clock signal. 1pps is a pulse-per-second signal, which can be used for time alignment calibration of other devices, such as RRUs (Remote Radio Units). Tod is the time when the pulse-per-second signal is generated, and this time can be synchronized into the operating system. It should be noted that the construction process of the 5G millimeter-wave base station is prior art and is not within the scope of protection of this invention; therefore, it will not be described in detail here.

[0018] (2) Based on each second pulse signal, the function of the 5G millimeter wave base station is implemented by software to obtain the target frame excitation in the millimeter wave.

[0019] First, it should be noted that in order to ensure the accuracy of the system time of the 5G millimeter wave base station, this embodiment mainly obtains the target frame excitation in the millimeter wave through software on the basis of 1pps and Tod. The target frame excitation is the frame excitation of the protocol stack to excite the service scheduling.

[0020] This embodiment is based on each second pulse signal, that is, each 1pps. A schematic diagram of the second pulse signal is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the functionality of a 5G millimeter-wave base station is implemented using software to obtain the target frame excitation in the millimeter wave. The second pulse signal serves as one of the references for clock boundary alignment in the entire subsystem. Therefore, when implementing the functionality of the 5G millimeter-wave base station, slot alignment based on 1pps is required. Of course, other subsystems are also aligned based on this 1pps, resulting in the same frame boundary.

[0021] The functions of the 5G millimeter-wave base station in this embodiment include: second pulse signal interruption service and transmission time interval service.

[0022] (2-1) Second pulse signal interrupt service: At the operating system level, the second pulse signal will trigger the driver software through an interrupt. After the interrupt software detects 1pps, it needs to use an algorithm to achieve a precise 125us frame interval, which includes the following steps: (2-1-1) Trigger the start of the 125usTTI timer of the operating system. The process of triggering the start of the timer is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0023] (2-1-2) Calibrate the 125µs TTI timer. The 125µs TTI timer is provided by the operating system. This timer has interrupt handling and software scheduling functions, so it will have a certain error. For example, when a TTI interval is 125µs, a 1pps interval will generate 8000 times. Even if the error is small, it will affect the overall function if the time is extended. Therefore, each 1pps interval needs to be calibrated for error. The calibration steps include: (2-1-2-1) Obtain the system time corresponding to each second pulse signal, and obtain the system time corresponding to each set number of transmission time intervals.

[0024] In this embodiment, the system time is recorded each time 1pps is reached and marked as T1, thus obtaining the system time corresponding to each second pulse signal. Every set number of transmission time intervals, i.e., every 8000 TTIs, the system time is recorded and marked as T2. It is worth noting that... .

[0025] (2-1-2-2) Based on the system time corresponding to each second pulse signal and the system time corresponding to each set number of transmission time intervals, determine the calibration degree index of each calibration of the 125usTTI timer.

[0026] In this embodiment, based on the system time corresponding to each second pulse signal and the system time corresponding to each set number of transmission time intervals, the calibration degree index of each calibration of the 125usTTI timer can be calculated. Specifically, when 1pps is reached each time, the system time T1 corresponding to the second pulse signal is subtracted from the system time T2 corresponding to the previous set number of transmission time intervals to obtain the calibration degree index of each calibration of the 125usTTI timer. The calibration degree index is denoted as Δt.

[0027] A schematic diagram for calibrating a 125µs TTI timer is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, in Figure 3 In the process, at the 3rd second (pps), a 125µs TTI timer is started and the system time t1 is recorded. At the 4th second (pps), the system time t1' is recorded, and then t1'' and t1''' are recorded sequentially. The system time corresponding to the first 8000th 125µs TTI timer is t2, the system time corresponding to the second 8000th 125µs TTI timer is t2', and then t2'' and t2''' are recorded sequentially. The first calibration is performed at 1pps in the 5th second. The formula for calculating the calibration degree index is... .

[0028] (2-1-2-3) Based on the calibration degree index and preset error range of each calibration, determine whether the 125usTTI timer needs to be restarted for each calibration.

[0029] In this embodiment, if any calibration level index is within the preset error range, it is determined that the calibration of the 125usTTI timer does not require restarting the 125usTTI timer, i.e., no correction is required. Otherwise, it is determined that the calibration of the 125usTTI timer requires restarting the 125usTTI timer, i.e., correction is required. The 125usTTI timer is stopped and restarted, and the boundary of the 125usTTI timer is redefined.

[0030] (2-2) Transmission Time Interval Service (TTI) is illustrated in the diagram below. Figure 4 As shown, the main operation of the TTI service is within a 125µs timer interval, specifically including the following steps: (2-2-1) In this embodiment, the steps for calculating the SFP (Small Form Pluggable, an interface device for converting gigabit electrical signals to optical signals) include frame number, subframe number, and time slot number, specifically: (2-2-1-1) Obtain the first preset value range, which is the value range of the time slot number. When the number of time slot numbers is equal to the maximum value of the first preset value range, the subframe number is triggered to increase.

[0031] In this embodiment, the value range of the time slot number can be from 0 to 7. The time slot is a minimum granularity interval of 125us. When the number of time slot numbers is equal to the maximum value of the first preset value range of 7, the subframe number is triggered to increase.

[0032] (2-2-1-2) Obtain the second preset value range, which is the value range of the subframe number. When the number of subframe numbers is equal to the maximum value of the second preset value range, the frame number is triggered to increase and the frame number is stored in the shared memory to obtain the result of the SFP interface timing calculation.

[0033] In this embodiment, the subframe number can be between 0 and 9. When the number of subframe numbers is equal to the maximum value of the second preset value range, 9, the frame number increment will be triggered. The frame number, subframe number, and slot number will be stored in shared memory, which can be seen in both kernel mode and user mode. When the frame number increment is triggered, the result of the SFP interface timing calculation is obtained, and a new slot number is generated, i.e., a new slot.

[0034] (2-2-2) Slot stimulus: Based on the result of the timing calculation of the SFP interface, after obtaining the new slot, the updated frame number, subframe number and slot number are obtained from the shared memory through the preset interrupt notification protocol stack. The preset interrupt is IPI (Inter-Processor Interrupt, a special type of interrupt).

[0035] To verify the accuracy of the frame excitation obtained in this embodiment, statistics were performed on an operating system with a timing of 125µs using this embodiment. A statistical diagram of the operating system timing at 125µs is shown below. Figure 5 As shown, in Figure 5 In the text, `ls-offet` represents the number of bytes (us), and the correct value is 1000000000. Figure 5 Some deviations can be observed, but these deviations are small, at most a few hundred ns per second. Therefore, the present invention provides a method for generating precise frame excitation in a 5G millimeter-wave base station, which effectively improves the accuracy of frame excitation generated in a 5G millimeter-wave base station.

[0036] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for generating precise frame excitation in a 5G millimeter-wave base station, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Based on the clock synchronization mechanism set in the pre-built 5G millimeter-wave base station, the individual second pulse signals are obtained using hardware. Based on each second pulse signal, the function of a 5G millimeter-wave base station is implemented using software to obtain the target frame excitation in the millimeter wave. The target frame excitation is the frame excitation of the protocol stack excitation service scheduling. The functions of the 5G millimeter-wave base station include second pulse signal interruption service and transmission time interval service; The second pulse signal interrupt service includes triggering the start and calibration of the 125usTTI timer in the operating system; The steps for calibrating the 125µs TTI timer include: Obtain the system time corresponding to each second pulse signal, and obtain the system time corresponding to each set number of transmission time intervals; Based on the system time corresponding to each second pulse signal and the system time corresponding to a set number of transmission time intervals, determine the calibration degree index for each calibration of the 125usTTI timer. Based on the calibration degree index and preset error range of each calibration, determine whether the 125usTTI timer needs to be restarted for each calibration. The transmission time interval service includes SFP interface timing calculation and slot excitation, which mainly operates in a timer with a 125µs interval; The steps for timing calculation of the SFP interface include: Obtain a first preset value range, which is the value range of the time slot number. When the number of time slot numbers is equal to the maximum value of the first preset value range, trigger the subframe number to increase. Obtain the second preset value range, which is the value range of the subframe number. When the number of subframe numbers is equal to the maximum value of the second preset value range, trigger the frame number to increase and store the frame number in the shared memory to obtain the result of the SFP interface timing calculation. The steps for activating the slot include: Based on the timing calculation results of the SFP interface, the updated frame number, subframe number, and time slot number are obtained from the shared memory through the preset interrupt notification protocol stack, where the preset interrupt is an IPI interrupt.

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