Battery self-balancing charge-discharge protection device

Abstract

The application provides a battery self-balancing charging and discharging protection device, which comprises a shell and a plurality of rotating movable contact assemblies arranged in sequence; the rotating movable contact assemblies are pivotally installed in the shell, and the outer periphery of the rotating movable contact assemblies is protrusively provided with a first conductive tube and a second conductive tube; the rotating movable contact assemblies are circumferentially provided with a battery positive electrode connecting electrode, a battery negative electrode connecting electrode, a first switching electrode, a second switching electrode, a third switching electrode and a fourth switching electrode; and the inside of the shell is push-pullably provided with a driving connecting rod for driving the plurality of rotating movable contact assemblies to synchronously rotate. When charging, the battery is connected in parallel to charge a single battery, so that the self-balancing of each battery is realized; when discharging, all the batteries are switched to a series connection state, at this time, the current released by the battery with the largest internal resistance among all the batteries is taken as a criterion, so that the current balancing of the batteries can also be realized during discharging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery charging technology, and in particular to a battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device. Background Technology

[0002] In the existing technology, the self-balancing charge and discharge protection circuit of the battery is usually made of semiconductors. Its disadvantages are high cost and large size. In addition, the overload capacity of semiconductors is insufficient, and the battery is prone to spontaneous combustion when the current is too high. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, as one aspect of the present invention, a battery self-balancing charge-discharge protection device is provided, comprising: a housing and a plurality of sequentially arranged rotating contact assemblies; the rotating contact assemblies are pivotally mounted in the housing, and a first conductive tube and a second conductive tube are protruding from the outer periphery of the rotating contact assemblies;

[0005] The rotating contact assembly is circumferentially provided with a battery positive terminal connection electrode, a battery negative terminal connection electrode, a first transfer electrode, a second transfer electrode, a third transfer electrode, and a fourth transfer electrode. The housing is provided with a drive linkage for driving the plurality of rotating contact assemblies to rotate synchronously.

[0006] Inside the housing, along the circumference of the rotating moving contact assembly, a first wire spring, a second wire spring, a third wire spring, a fourth wire spring, a fifth wire spring, a sixth wire spring, a seventh wire spring, and an eighth wire spring, serving as inductors, are arranged sequentially.

[0007] The first spring is conductively connected to the first adapter electrode, the fourth spring is conductively connected to the second adapter electrode, the fifth spring is conductively connected to the third adapter electrode, the eighth spring is conductively connected to the fourth adapter electrode, the second and third springs are conductively connected to the positive electrode of the battery, and the sixth and seventh springs are conductively connected to the negative electrode of the battery.

[0008] The rotary contact assembly has a series switching position, a suspended position, and a parallel switching position; in the series switching position, the first conductive tube is in contact with the first and second springs, and the second conductive tube is in contact with the fifth and sixth springs; in the suspended position, the first conductive tube is in contact with the second and third springs, and the second conductive tube is in contact with the sixth and seventh springs; in the parallel switching position, the first conductive tube is in contact with the third and fourth springs, and the second conductive tube is in contact with the seventh and eighth springs.

[0009] The second transfer electrode of each of the rotary moving contact assemblies is connected to the positive charging electrode, and the fourth transfer electrode of each of the rotary moving contact assemblies is connected to the negative charging electrode.

[0010] The first transfer electrode of the first rotary contact assembly is connected to the positive discharge electrode, the third transfer electrode of the last rotary contact assembly is connected to the negative discharge electrode, and the third transfer electrode of the first rotary contact assembly in two adjacent rotary contact assemblies is connected to the first transfer electrode of the second rotary contact assembly.

[0011] Preferably, both the first conductive tube and the second conductive tube are mounted on the mounting rod of the rotating contact assembly via silicone sleeves.

[0012] Preferably, a connecting groove is formed on the drive link, and a protrusion that mates with the connecting groove is formed circumferentially on the rotary contact assembly.

[0013] Preferably, a drive link is provided on each of the upper and lower sides of the rotary contact assembly.

[0014] Preferably, the battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device further includes a battery connection circuit board for connecting the battery, wherein the battery positive terminal connection electrode and the battery negative terminal connection electrode are connected to the battery connection circuit board.

[0015] Preferably, the battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device further includes a series-parallel conversion circuit board, wherein the first transfer electrode, the second transfer electrode, the third transfer electrode and the fourth transfer electrode are all connected to the series-parallel conversion circuit board.

[0016] Preferably, the battery connection circuit board is disposed on the first side of the housing, the serial-to-parallel conversion circuit board is disposed on the second side of the housing, and the battery connection circuit board and the serial-to-parallel conversion circuit board are disposed opposite to and parallel to each other.

[0017] Preferably, a sliding groove is formed on the housing, and a linkage connection portion is formed protruding on the outer side of the drive linkage.

[0018] Preferably, the housing comprises a first housing and a second housing that are interconnected.

[0019] By employing the above technical solution, this invention connects batteries in parallel to charge individual batteries during charging. Each battery draws power from the same bus, ensuring that each battery charges according to its own characteristics, thus achieving self-balancing for each battery. During discharging, all batteries are switched to a series connection, and the current released by the battery with the highest internal resistance is used as the standard, similarly achieving current balancing during discharge. The entire device does not use semiconductor devices but instead employs a purely mechanical series-parallel switching structure composed of conductive tubes and springs. This not only reduces cost and size but also improves the circuit's overload capacity, enhancing the battery's anti-ignition performance and preventing spontaneous combustion when current is excessive. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 An exploded view of the invention is shown schematically;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic front view of the invention is shown.

[0022] Figure 3 A top view of the invention is shown schematically;

[0023] Figure 4 A side view of the invention is shown schematically;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of AA is shown.

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional view of BB is shown.

[0026] Figure 7 schematically shown Figure 6 A magnified view of a portion of the image;

[0027] Figure 8 An exploded view of the rotating moving contact assembly is shown schematically.

[0028] Figure 9 A perspective view of the rotating moving contact assembly is schematically shown;

[0029] Figure 10 The schematic diagram of the serial-to-parallel conversion circuit of the present invention is shown.

[0030] The reference numerals in the figure are as follows: 1. Rotary moving contact assembly; 2. First conductive tube; 3. Second conductive tube; 4. Battery positive terminal connection electrode; 5. Battery negative terminal connection electrode; 6. First adapter electrode; 7. Second adapter electrode; 8. Third adapter electrode; 9. Fourth adapter electrode; 10. Drive linkage; 11. First spring; 12. Second spring; 13. Third spring; 14. Fourth spring; 15. Fifth spring; 16. Sixth spring; 17. Seventh spring; 18. Eighth spring; 19. Silicone sleeve; 20. Connecting groove; 21. Protrusion; 22. Battery connection circuit board; 23. Series-parallel conversion circuit board; 24. Sliding groove; 25. Linkage connection part; 26. First housing; 27. Second housing. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, but the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

[0032] As one aspect of the present invention, a battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device is provided, comprising: a housing and a plurality of rotating moving contact assemblies 1 arranged sequentially; the rotating moving contact assemblies 1 are pivotally mounted in the housing, and a first conductive tube 2 and a second conductive tube 3 are protruding from the outer periphery of the rotating moving contact assemblies 1; the rotating moving contact assemblies 1 are used to realize the switching between series and parallel conversion contacts, and the first conductive tube 2 and the second conductive tube 3 thereon realize the conductive connection or disconnection between different electrodes.

[0033] The rotating contact assembly 1 is circumferentially arranged with a battery positive terminal connection electrode 4, a battery negative terminal connection electrode 5, a first transfer electrode 6, a second transfer electrode 7, a third transfer electrode 8, and a fourth transfer electrode 9. Inside the housing, a drive linkage 10 for synchronously rotating the plurality of rotating contact assemblies 1 is slidably disposed. The battery positive terminal connection electrode 4 and the battery negative terminal connection electrode 5 are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery BT to be charged or discharged. The first transfer electrode 6, the second transfer electrode 7, the third transfer electrode 8, and the fourth transfer electrode 9 are transfer electrodes used in the four-series-parallel switching process. The first transfer electrode 6 and the second transfer electrode 7 are used in conjunction with the battery positive terminal connection electrode 4, and the third transfer electrode 8 and the fourth transfer electrode 9 are used in conjunction with the battery negative terminal connection electrode 5. The first conductive tube 2 can be used to connect or disconnect the first transfer electrode 6 or the second transfer electrode 7 to the positive electrode 4 of the battery, and the second conductive tube 3 can be used to connect or disconnect the third transfer electrode 8 or the fourth transfer electrode 9 to the negative electrode 5 of the battery.

[0034] Inside the housing, along the circumference of the rotating contact assembly 1, there are sequentially arranged a first spring 11, a second spring 12, a third spring 13, a fourth spring 14, a fifth spring 15, a sixth spring 16, a seventh spring 17, and an eighth spring 18, which serve as inductors. These springs are used to make conductive contact with the first conductive tube 2 or the second conductive tube 3 during series-parallel switching.

[0035] Specifically, the first spring 11 is electrically connected to the first adapter electrode 6, the fourth spring 14 is electrically connected to the second adapter electrode 7, the fifth spring 15 is electrically connected to the third adapter electrode 8, the eighth spring 18 is electrically connected to the fourth adapter electrode 9, the second spring 12 and the third spring 13 are electrically connected to the positive electrode 4 of the battery, and the sixth spring 16 and the seventh spring 17 are electrically connected to the negative electrode 5 of the battery.

[0036] For example, during series-parallel switching, the rotation of the rotating contact assembly 1 causes the first conductive tube 2 to contact the first spring 11 and the second spring 12, thereby enabling the first transfer electrode 6 to conduct with the battery positive electrode 4; when the first conductive tube 2 contacts the third spring 13 and the fourth spring 14, the second transfer electrode 7 can conduct with the battery positive electrode 4; when the first conductive tube 2 contacts the second spring 12 and the third spring 13, both the first transfer electrode 6 and the second transfer electrode 7 can be disconnected from the battery positive electrode 4.

[0037] The rotating contact assembly 1 has a series switching position, a floating position, and a parallel switching position. In the series switching position, the first conductive tube 2 is in contact with the first spring 11 and the second spring 12, and the second conductive tube 3 is in contact with the fifth spring 15 and the sixth spring 16. In the floating position, the first conductive tube 2 is in contact with the second spring 12 and the third spring 13, and the second conductive tube 3 is in contact with the sixth spring 16 and the seventh spring 17. In the parallel switching position, the first conductive tube 2 is in contact with the third spring 13 and the fourth spring 14, and the second conductive tube 3 is in contact with the seventh spring 17 and the eighth spring 18. Each spring can provide as many conductive contact points as possible, reducing contact resistance. The floating position is an important state for battery pack storage and transportation, as each battery is floating (no circuit connection between the positive and negative terminals), minimizing self-discharge between batteries in the battery pack, ensuring long-term battery capacity preservation, and improving the safety of battery pack storage and transportation.

[0038] Each of the above-mentioned wire springs is equivalent to an inductor. According to the law of electromagnetic induction, an inductor will induce a voltage and delay the conduction of current, thus canceling the electric arc when in contact. Therefore, the conductive tube and the wire spring constitute an arc-free contact, thereby overcoming the problem that when using surface contact switches in the prior art, an electric arc will be generated when the two contact surfaces approach each other due to the capacitance effect, causing the voltage to lag behind the current.

[0039] The second transfer electrode 7 of each of the rotary moving contact assemblies 1 is connected to the charging positive electrode DVCC, and the fourth transfer electrode 9 of each of the rotary moving contact assemblies 1 is connected to the charging negative electrode DGND.

[0040] The first transfer electrode 6 of the first rotary contact assembly 1 is connected to the discharge positive electrode VCC, and the third transfer electrode 8 of the last rotary contact assembly 1 is connected to the discharge negative electrode GND. The third transfer electrode 8 of the first rotary contact assembly 1 in two adjacent rotary contact assemblies 1 is connected to the first transfer electrode 6 of the second rotary contact assembly 1.

[0041] When charging is required, rotate the rotary contact assembly 1 to the parallel switching position to make all battery BTs connect in parallel for charging; when discharging, rotate the rotary contact assembly 1 to the series switching position to connect all battery BTs in series for discharging.

[0042] In the above technical solution, since each battery BT can achieve self-balancing when charging in parallel, and each battery BT draws voltage from the same bus, the battery BTs remain consistent, thus achieving balance. During discharge, rotating the rotating contact assembly 1 switches all battery BTs to a series state. Because the battery BTs are in a series state, the current released by the battery BT with the highest internal resistance is used as the standard, thus achieving current balance during discharge.

[0043] Preferably, both the first conductive tube 2 and the second conductive tube 3 are mounted on the mounting rod of the rotating contact assembly 1 via silicone sleeves 19. The function of the silicone sleeves 19 is to balance the gaps between the contacts and maintain a flexible connection. Using individual conductive tubes ensures that the coil spring will not deform under compression, increasing the current carrying capacity of the contacts.

[0044] Preferably, a connecting groove 20 is formed on the drive link 10, and a protrusion 21 that mates with the connecting groove 20 is formed circumferentially on the rotary contact assembly 1. In this way, the connecting groove 20 and the protrusion 21 are rotatably engaged, and synchronous switching of multiple rotary contact assemblies 1 can be achieved when the drive link 10 is pushed. Preferably, one drive link 10 is provided on each of the upper and lower sides of the rotary contact assembly 1, improving the synchronous switching performance.

[0045] Preferably, the battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device further includes a battery connection circuit board 22 for connecting the battery BT, and the battery positive electrode 4 and the battery negative electrode 5 are connected to the battery connection circuit board 22.

[0046] Preferably, the battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device further includes a series-parallel conversion circuit board 23, wherein the first transfer electrode 6, the second transfer electrode 7, the third transfer electrode 8 and the fourth transfer electrode 9 are all connected to the series-parallel conversion circuit board 23. Figure 10 The circuits involved can be easily set on the serial-to-parallel conversion circuit board 23 via conductive lines on the circuit board, thereby achieving... Figure 10 The serial-to-parallel switching circuit in the middle.

[0047] Preferably, the battery connection circuit board 22 is disposed on the first side of the housing, and the series-parallel conversion circuit board 23 is disposed on the second side of the housing. The battery connection circuit board 22 and the series-parallel conversion circuit board 23 are disposed opposite to and parallel to each other, which facilitates the connection of the battery and the charging and discharging circuit.

[0048] Preferably, a sliding groove 24 is formed on the housing, and a linkage connection portion 25 is formed protruding from the outer side of the drive linkage 10. Through the plug-in structure in the linkage connection portion 25, multiple units of the present invention can be connected together to charge and discharge more battery cells BT. Preferably, the housing includes a first housing 26 and a second housing 27 that are interconnected.

[0049] By employing the above technical solution, this invention connects batteries in parallel to charge individual batteries during charging. Each battery draws power from the same bus, ensuring that each battery charges according to its own characteristics, thus achieving self-balancing for each battery. During discharging, all batteries are switched to a series connection, and the current released by the battery with the highest internal resistance is used as the standard, similarly achieving current balancing during discharge. The entire device does not use semiconductor devices but instead employs a purely mechanical series-parallel switching structure composed of conductive tubes and springs. This not only reduces cost and size but also improves the circuit's overload capacity, enhancing the battery's anti-ignition performance and preventing spontaneous combustion when current is excessive.

[0050] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device, characterized in that, include: The housing and a plurality of rotating contact assemblies (1) arranged sequentially; the rotating contact assemblies (1) are pivotally mounted in the housing, and a first conductive tube (2) and a second conductive tube (3) are provided protruding from the outer periphery of the rotating contact assemblies (1); The rotating contact assembly (1) is circumferentially provided with a battery positive electrode connection electrode (4), a battery negative electrode connection electrode (5), a first transfer electrode (6), a second transfer electrode (7), a third transfer electrode (8) and a fourth transfer electrode (9), and the interior of the housing is provided with a drive linkage (10) for driving the plurality of rotating contact assemblies (1) to rotate synchronously. Inside the housing, along the circumference of the rotating moving contact assembly (1), a first wire spring (11), a second wire spring (12), a third wire spring (13), a fourth wire spring (14), a fifth wire spring (15), a sixth wire spring (16), a seventh wire spring (17), and an eighth wire spring (18) are arranged sequentially to serve as inductors; The first spring (11) is electrically connected to the first adapter electrode (6), the fourth spring (14) is electrically connected to the second adapter electrode (7), the fifth spring (15) is electrically connected to the third adapter electrode (8), the eighth spring (18) is electrically connected to the fourth adapter electrode (9), the second spring (12) and the third spring (13) are electrically connected to the positive electrode (4) of the battery, and the sixth spring (16) and the seventh spring (17) are electrically connected to the negative electrode (5) of the battery. The rotating contact assembly (1) has a series switching position, a suspended position, and a parallel switching position. In the series switching position, the first conductive tube (2) is in contact with the first spring (11) and the second spring (12), and the second conductive tube (3) is in contact with the fifth spring (15) and the sixth spring (16). In the suspended position, the first conductive tube (2) is in contact with the second spring (12) and the third spring (13), and the second conductive tube (3) is in contact with the sixth spring (16) and the seventh spring (17). In the parallel switching position, the first conductive tube (2) is in contact with the third spring (13) and the fourth spring (14), and the second conductive tube (3) is in contact with the seventh spring (17) and the eighth spring (18). The second transfer electrode (7) of each of the rotary contact assemblies (1) is connected to the positive charging electrode (DVCC), and the fourth transfer electrode (9) of each of the rotary contact assemblies (1) is connected to the negative charging electrode (DGND). The first transfer electrode (6) of the first rotary contact assembly (1) is connected to the positive discharge electrode (VCC), and the third transfer electrode (8) of the last rotary contact assembly (1) is connected to the negative discharge electrode (GND). The third transfer electrode (8) of the first rotary contact assembly (1) of two adjacent rotary contact assemblies (1) is connected to the first transfer electrode (6) of the second rotary contact assembly (1).

2. The battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first conductive tube (2) and the second conductive tube (3) are both mounted on the mounting rod of the rotating contact assembly (1) through silicone sleeves (19).

3. The battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A connecting groove (20) is formed on the drive link (10), and a protrusion (21) that mates with the connecting groove (20) is formed circumferentially on the rotary contact assembly (1).

4. The battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotating contact assembly (1) has a drive link (10) on each of its upper and lower sides.

5. The battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device also includes a battery connection circuit board (22) for connecting the battery (BT), wherein the battery positive electrode (4) and the battery negative electrode (5) are connected to the battery connection circuit board (22).

6. The battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device also includes a series-parallel conversion circuit board (23), and the first conversion electrode (6), the second conversion electrode (7), the third conversion electrode (8) and the fourth conversion electrode (9) are all connected to the series-parallel conversion circuit board (23).

7. The battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The battery connection circuit board (22) is disposed on the first side of the housing, and the serial-to-parallel conversion circuit board (23) is disposed on the second side of the housing. The battery connection circuit board (22) and the serial-to-parallel conversion circuit board (23) are disposed opposite to and parallel to each other.

8. The battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, A sliding groove (24) is formed on the housing, and a linkage connection part (25) is formed protruding on the outer side of the drive linkage (10).

9. The battery self-balancing charge and discharge protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The housing includes a first housing (26) and a second housing (27) that are connected to each other.

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