A peripheral power supply link bypass operation monitoring device

Abstract

This invention discloses a peripheral power supply link bypass operation monitoring device. To overcome the limitations of existing peripheral link bypass operation monitoring devices, which cannot comprehensively analyze and monitor the equipment's operating environment, energy consumption, and operating status, and suffer from problems such as complex operating environments, high failure rates, and easy data loss, this invention includes: a power-off recovery unit that supplies power to the bypass operation and maintenance unit, transmits operating power status information, and performs communication transmission. The bypass operation and maintenance unit includes a core controller that provides GPIO isolated output to the manual / automatic adaptive switch and transmits AC / DC current information to the AC / DC adaptive monitoring module with common-mode suppression, digital-to-analog isolation, and bus isolation. It is capable of statistical analysis of equipment faults, energy consumption, and operating time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power monitoring, and more particularly to a device for monitoring the bypass operation of an external power supply link. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the main methods used for monitoring equipment operating environment, energy consumption, and preventive maintenance for fault analysis are to acquire voltage and current parameters of the power supply circuit of peripheral devices using microcontrollers and current transformers, and to integrate coil relays for remote control of peripheral output circuits. At the same time, a small number of digital input / output interfaces and RS485 serial ports are integrated to acquire the operating status and environmental operating parameters of the equipment inside the enclosure. The following shortcomings need to be improved: 1) The equipment in the highway field and tunnel is deployed in the field, and the external operating environment is complex. Both the controller itself and the peripherals are prone to failure, which may cause the output circuit of the coil relay controlled peripherals to return to the default state, potentially leading to changes in the power supply circuit state of the peripherals; 2) The equipment in the highway field and tunnel has high power and a large current range (10mA~16A), and large temperature differences between day and night. The mainstream controller is applicable to a limited number of types of field equipment in terms of measurement range (typically 0A~5A), resulting in low coverage; 3) The equipment in the highway field and tunnel is deployed in the field, and the external operating environment is complex, making communication link failures likely; 4) The mainstream controller achieves real-time monitoring and transmission during normal communication, but the scenario during a failure cannot be reproduced, which is not conducive to focusing on the fault point, subsequent troubleshooting, and statistical analysis of the fault. It may also lead to data loss and compromise data integrity.

[0003] For example, a "Fault Detection System for Electromechanical Equipment in Highway Tunnels" disclosed in Chinese patent literature, publication number CN209947082U, includes a power consumption detection module for tunnel terminal equipment, wired and wireless communication transmission modules, an interface conversion module, a network switch, an optical fiber transmission system, a server and its software, a 4G router, a monitoring computer, and a mobile APP display terminal. The power consumption detection module detects the current data of each power circuit through a multi-channel detection unit, and determines whether the power circuit is working properly based on the current magnitude. The communication transmission module is responsible for transmitting the detected data to the interface conversion module near the network switch via wired or wireless means and connecting it to the network switch. In addition to detecting the power consumption current through the power consumption detection module, this system can also perform status detection on other devices connected to the network through protocols, and display the monitored device status on the central computer and the user's mobile APP. However, highway field and tunnel equipment are deployed in the field, and the external operating environment is complex. Both the controller itself and peripherals are prone to failure, causing the output circuit of the coil-type relay-controlled peripherals to revert to its default state, which may lead to changes in the status of the peripheral power supply circuit. Therefore, this solution has certain shortcomings. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention primarily addresses the shortcomings of existing peripheral link bypass operation monitoring devices, which cannot achieve comprehensive and systematic analysis and monitoring of the equipment's operating environment, energy consumption, and operational status. These devices suffer from complex operating environments, high failure rates, and easy data loss. The invention provides a peripheral power supply link bypass operation monitoring device that performs comprehensive online monitoring, intelligent inspection, and operational analysis of the equipment. This multi-dimensional presentation of data allows managers to fully understand the equipment's health and energy consumption. Furthermore, statistical analysis of equipment failures, energy consumption, and operating time summarizes failure patterns and causes. Combined with maintenance data from the equipment's lifecycle management system, preventative maintenance recommendations are provided, improving maintenance management levels, reducing maintenance costs, and enhancing operational safety.

[0005] The above-mentioned technical problems of the present invention are mainly solved by the following technical solutions: This invention includes a power-off recovery unit that supplies power to the bypass maintenance unit, transmits working power status information, and performs communication transmission. The bypass maintenance unit includes a core controller that provides GPIO isolated output to the manual / automatic adaptive switch and transmits AC / DC current information to the AC / DC adaptive monitoring module with common-mode rejection, digital-to-analog isolation, and bus isolation. Through online monitoring, intelligent inspection, and operational analysis of the equipment's operating environment, energy consumption status, and operating status, equipment faults can be located to guide maintenance, and early warnings can be issued for equipment status to ensure normal system operation. Furthermore, by employing both switching control and monitoring, the operating status of the equipment can be accurately obtained without affecting signal transmission.

[0006] Preferably, the core controller receives current information from the working power supply input, receives bypass monitoring information and temperature monitoring information, and transmits the current information, bypass monitoring information and temperature monitoring information to the built-in display screen, manual / automatic adaptive switch and AC / DC adaptive monitoring module. The bypass maintenance unit is also equipped with a microprocessor to receive and process the monitoring information.

[0007] Preferably, the manual / automatic adaptive switch receives centralized power from the external power input and transmits current information to the AC / DC adaptive monitoring module. The manual / automatic adaptive switch includes a magnetic latching relay, and the switching triggering means of the magnetic latching relay include manual control and remote control.

[0008] Preferably, the magnetic retainer includes two electric fields and an I-shaped magnet. A high-level pulse signal is input to trigger the two electric fields, thereby charging the magnet and controlling the magnet to complete remote switching. The manual switching is triggered by manually moving the magnet.

[0009] Preferably, the bypass maintenance unit further includes a primary / backup communication adaptive switching module, which receives the working power status information transmitted by the power-off recovery unit and transmits it to the power-off recovery unit for communication transmission, and completes RJ45 transmission within the bypass maintenance unit; the bypass maintenance unit transmits current to the power supply of external devices.

[0010] Preferably, the power-off recovery unit is equipped with a voltage-limiting reverse protection structure. The voltage-limiting reverse protection structure receives the working power input and supplies power to the supercapacitor. The working power also transmits current to the MOSFET and FET controller. The FET controller performs threshold control on the MOSFET. The working power obtains the working power status information through opto-isolation and DC-DC conversion and transmits the information to the bypass operation and maintenance unit.

[0011] Preferably, the power outage recovery unit is configured to transmit signals to several bypass maintenance units, which include a switching control link and a monitoring link. In the switching control link, the automatic / automatic adaptive switch receives current information from the power input of external devices and current information from the GPIO isolation output of the controller under remote or manual control, and transmits it to the AC / DC adaptive monitoring module. The AC / DC adaptive monitoring module combines the information transmitted by the core processor to complete the switching control link of the external devices.

[0012] Preferably, in the monitoring stage, combining the GPIO transmission of the built-in microprocessor in the switching control stage and the mechanical characteristics of the manual / automatic adaptive switch, a digital electricity meter circuit is set in the bypass maintenance unit, with input channel 1 and input channel 2 having a maximum differential input voltage of 0.5V; input channel 1 is equipped with a high-pass filter to filter out the DC component of the signal received from the current sensor and restore it to a current signal through a digital integrator.

[0013] Preferably, the input channel 2 receives the signal from the voltage sensor, converts the signal to analog and digital and corrects the phase to obtain a voltage signal, multiplies it with the current received from the input channel 1 to obtain apparent power, multiplies the effective values ​​of the voltage signal and the current signal to obtain active power, and outputs the active power after digital-to-analog conversion to complete the monitoring process.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. The switching control loop of the present invention uses a high-level pulse signal to control the switching of the peripheral power supply link. When the link itself malfunctions or is powered on or off, the GPIO output of the switching control will default to a low level, and the peripheral power supply link will maintain its original switching state. 2. The monitoring circuit of this invention uses parallel and series sampling resistors to sample voltage and current signals. The power metering chip monitors current and voltage signals through two analog input channels (built-in PGA, programmable gain amplifier). Therefore, power failure or fault conditions do not affect the switching of the power supply link of the peripheral device. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is the hardware design diagram of the intelligent maintenance station of this invention; Figure 2 This is the hardware design diagram of the bypass operation and maintenance unit of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the peripheral power supply link switching control diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a design diagram for monitoring the peripheral power supply link of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the magnetic latching relay with emergency manual control of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the digital electricity meter of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Example: This embodiment provides a peripheral power supply link bypass operation monitoring device, such as... Figures 1-6 As shown, it includes an intelligent operation and maintenance station. The intelligent operation and maintenance station is designed with a power outage recovery unit and a bypass operation and maintenance unit, which can be cascaded in a "1+N" manner, that is, one power outage recovery unit is configured with N bypass operation and maintenance units.

[0018] The bypass operation and maintenance unit performs bypass monitoring and operation, providing diverse monitoring data and ensuring stable and reliable operation. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the hardware design of the bypass maintenance unit is briefly described below: The bypass maintenance unit adopts a bypass design throughout the entire process of the peripheral power supply link, which involves two stages: switching control and monitoring. In the switching control stage, the bypass maintenance unit controls the switching of the peripheral power supply link through the GPIO of the built-in MCU (microprocessor, hereinafter referred to as MCU), solid-state relays, and magnetic latching relays. Its working principle is shown in the appendix. Figure 3 .

[0019] The bypass maintenance unit uses a magnetic latching relay with emergency manual control, such as... Figure 5As shown, the remote control method uses a high-level pulse signal to trigger J1 and J2 to charge the corresponding magnets, thereby controlling the switching, based on the physical characteristics of the magnetic field. The local control method uses the mechanical characteristics to manually change the S / N engagement position to achieve switching control. The bypass maintenance unit uses solid-state relays, and its control method uses the physical characteristics of photoelectric conversion to achieve switching control. When the bypass maintenance unit is working normally, it can be controlled via GPIO ( Figure 3 The high-level pulse signal output by Q1MH and Q1ML drives the above solid-state relays and magnetic latching relays to work; when the bypass maintenance unit itself malfunctions or is powered on or off, the GPIO output controlling the switching of the power supply link of the peripheral device will default to a low level, and the magnetic latching relay will remain unchanged in its original switching state.

[0020] In summary, the entire power supply chain for switching control utilizes physical characteristics, mechanical characteristics, and electrical design to ensure the bypass status of switching control, faults, power-on / off states, and other nodes. The bypass maintenance unit in the monitoring stage acquires voltage and current signals from the external power supply chain using resistor sampling, and obtains other electrical parameters through a power metering chip. Its working principle is detailed in the appendix. Figure 4 The current signal uses a series manganin resistor ( Figure 4 The voltage signal is sampled using a parallel cement resistor (R45), which has a low temperature coefficient of resistance and a wide operating temperature range. Figure 4 Sampling with R43 and R44, cement resistors have good temperature resistance, high insulation, and will not burn; both types of resistors are suitable for all-weather working environments on highways.

[0021] Current and voltage are measured and acquired through the power metering chip (U11 in the diagram). The internal architecture of the ADE7753 is shown below. Figure 6 The ADE7753 has two analog input channels, V1P / V1N and V2P / V2N, each with a maximum differential input voltage of 0.5V. Each analog channel has a PGA (Programmable Gain Amplifier). The ADE7753 circuit digitizes the analog signals from the current and voltage sensors. The high-pass filter (HPF) in the current channel V1 filters out the DC component of the input signal and restores it to a current signal through a digital integrator. The signal output from the voltage sensor is sent to the voltage channel V2, and after analog-to-digital conversion and phase correction, it is multiplied by the conditioned current signal to obtain the apparent power. The effective values ​​of voltage and current are multiplied to obtain the active power. The active power signal is output from the CF pin after digital-to-analog conversion, and simultaneously sent to the ADE7753 register and serial port along with the voltage, current, and apparent power signals, and output via DOUT. In summary, the power metering chip (U11 in the diagram) does not affect the switching of the peripheral power supply link even when it is powered off or malfunctioning, and therefore remains in a bypass state.

[0022] It should be understood that the embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring the bypass operation of an external power supply link, characterized in that, It includes a power-off recovery unit that supplies power to the bypass maintenance unit, transmits working power status information and performs communication transmission. The bypass maintenance unit includes a core controller that provides GPIO isolated output to the manual / automatic adaptive switch and transmits AC / DC current information to the AC / DC adaptive monitoring module through common-mode suppression, digital-to-analog isolation and bus isolation. The manual / automatic adaptive switch includes a magnetic latching relay, and the bypass maintenance unit includes a switching control circuit. The manual / automatic adaptive switch is controlled to receive current information from the power input of external devices and the current information from the GPIO isolation output of the controller, and transmits it to the AC / DC adaptive monitoring module. A high-level pulse signal is used to control the switching of the external device power supply link. When the switch itself malfunctions or is powered on or off, the GPIO output of the switching control will default to a low level, and the external device power supply link will maintain its original switching state.

2. The peripheral power supply link bypass operation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core controller receives current information from the working power supply input, bypass monitoring information and temperature monitoring information, and transmits the current information, bypass monitoring information and temperature monitoring information to the built-in display screen, manual / automatic adaptive switch and AC / DC adaptive monitoring module. The bypass operation and maintenance unit is also equipped with a microprocessor to receive and process the monitoring information.

3. The peripheral power supply link bypass operation monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The manual / automatic adaptive switch receives centralized power from the external power input and transmits current information to the AC / DC adaptive monitoring module. The magnetic latching relay switching triggering means include manual control and remote control.

4. The peripheral power supply link bypass operation monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The magnetic latching relay includes two electric fields and an I-shaped magnet. A high-level pulse signal is input to trigger the electric fields at both ends, thereby energizing the magnet and controlling it to switch on and off remotely. The manual switching is triggered by manually moving the magnet.

5. The peripheral power supply link bypass operation monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bypass maintenance unit also includes a primary / backup communication adaptive switching module, which receives the working power status information transmitted by the power failure and power-on unit, and transmits the information to the power failure and power-on unit for communication transmission, and completes RJ45 transmission within the bypass maintenance unit; the bypass maintenance unit transmits current to the power supply of external devices.

6. The peripheral power supply link bypass operation monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The power failure recovery unit is equipped with a voltage limiting reverse protection structure. The voltage limiting reverse protection structure receives the working power input and supplies power to the supercapacitor. The working power also transmits current to the MOSFET and FET controller. The FET controller performs threshold control on the MOSFET. The working power obtains the working power status information through opto-isolation and DC-DC conversion and transmits the information to the bypass operation and maintenance unit.

7. The peripheral power supply link bypass operation monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The power outage recovery unit is configured to transmit signals to several bypass operation and maintenance units, and the bypass operation and maintenance unit includes a monitoring component; the AC / DC adaptive monitoring module combines the information transmitted by the core processor to complete the switching control of external devices.

8. The peripheral power supply link bypass operation monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the monitoring process, combining the GPIO transmission of the built-in microprocessor in the switching control process and the mechanical characteristics of the manual / automatic adaptive switch, a digital electricity meter circuit is set in the bypass maintenance unit, with input channel 1 and input channel 2 having a maximum differential input voltage of 0.5V; input channel 1 is equipped with a high-pass filter to filter out the DC component of the signal received from the current sensor and restore it to a current signal through a digital integrator.

9. The peripheral power supply link bypass operation monitoring device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The input channel 2 receives the signal from the voltage sensor, converts the signal into a digital-to-analog converter and corrects the phase to obtain a voltage signal, multiplies it with the current received from the input channel 1 to obtain the apparent power, multiplies the effective values ​​of the voltage signal and the current signal to obtain the active power, and outputs the active power after digital-to-analog conversion to complete the monitoring process.

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