Information perception-based marine wireless backhaul networking system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a marine wireless backhaul networking system and method based on information perception, which can improve the data backhaul distance of a ship through multi-hop transmission, and avoids the communication link interruption problem caused by the participation of interference nodes and low-energy nodes in data backhaul. A hierarchical network architecture is adopted, the first subnetwork is a multi-hop backhaul subnetwork of a main ship, and the second subnetwork is a slave ship access subnetwork. The multi-hop transmission is used to improve the data backhaul distance of the ship, and the control nodes of the second subnetwork are used to manage the resources of the nodes in the second subnetwork, thereby reducing the communication resource overhead required by the shore base station for resource management. The information perception method (channel perception, interference perception and energy perception) and the designed perception information reporting process are used for backhaul node selection, and the communication link interruption problem caused by the participation of interference nodes and low-energy nodes in data backhaul is avoided through the perception information reporting mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and more specifically to a maritime wireless backhaul networking system and method based on information perception. Background Technology

[0002] In existing maritime communication technologies, satellite and terrestrial mobile communication technologies are generally used to construct maritime communication systems. Currently, the main satellite systems used worldwide include Inmarsat, EPIRB, and Tiantong-1, while terrestrial mobile communication technologies include LTE, Wi-Fi, NR, and WiMAX. Constructing maritime communication systems using terrestrial mobile communication technologies typically involves combining shore-based base stations with relay base stations or using a mesh network to extend coverage. For example, the patent Rao SN, Ramesh MV, Rangan P V. Mobile infrastructure for coastal region offshore communications and networks: US Patent 10,045,227 [P]. 2018-8-7 describes the construction of a maritime wireless point-to-multipoint (P2MP) communication network based on LR-WiFi (Long-Range WiFi) technology provided by the IEEE 802.11 standard. The network consists of coastal base stations and mobile vessels at sea. The coastal base stations, based on LR-WIFI technology, can achieve a sea area coverage of 45km. Furthermore, vessels in close proximity are grouped within the network, with each group containing a vessel equipped with Adaptive Backhaul Equipment (ABE), referred to as an adaptive node. The adaptive node can establish a wireless backhaul link with the shore-based base station via LR-WIFI technology and acts as a relay base station to provide access to other vessels. The coverage distance of a single adaptive node is approximately 15-20km. In the article Zhou MT, Hoang VD, Harada H, et al. TRITON: high-speed maritime wireless mesh network[J].IEEE Wireless Communications, 2013, 20(5): 134-142, Singapore built a maritime communication system based on MESH networking technology - TRITON, which achieved a coverage range of up to 70km. The TRITON system uses WiMAX technology as the communication technology between different nodes. The maritime communication nodes such as shore-based base stations, mobile ships at sea, buoys, and oil platforms are interconnected and data backhauled through MESH networking.

[0003] Satellite-based maritime wireless backhaul technology suffers from high costs and transmission latency. Maritime communication systems based on terrestrial mobile communication technology and relay base stations can extend coverage distances within the shore-based base station's coverage area through relay base stations. However, due to the limited number and coverage distance of relay base stations, data backhaul is impossible when there are no relay base stations nearby and direct access to shore-based base stations is not possible, resulting in coverage blind spots. Maritime communication systems based on terrestrial mobile communication technology and MESH networking can utilize all nodes within the network for multi-hop transmission, further extending coverage distance compared to relay base stations. However, due to the complex electromagnetic environment at sea, maritime communication nodes are susceptible to fading and interference, leading to communication link interruptions. Furthermore, they are limited by terrain and equipment, and cannot maintain normal operation when equipment power is low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a marine wireless backhaul networking system and method based on information awareness, which can improve the distance of ship data backhaul through multi-hop transmission and avoid communication link interruption caused by interference nodes or low-energy nodes participating in data backhaul.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a maritime wireless backhaul networking system based on information perception, comprising a shore-based base station, at least one backhaul relay node, at least one master ship node, and several slave ship nodes; all nodes communicate wirelessly with each other via millimeter-wave links; the system is used to establish a maritime wireless backhaul network.

[0006] The shore-based base station nodes are 5G macro base stations;

[0007] The return relay node is a buoy, offshore platform, or other return relay vessel equipped with return relay equipment and fully implements the NR Sidelink protocol stack.

[0008] The main ship node is a 5G relay base station and is capable of implementing all protocols of 5G base station and 5G Sidelink.

[0009] The slave node, as a 5G terminal, has the protocol stack functions required for 5G terminals and is directly connected to the master node.

[0010] Furthermore, the shore-based base station node has a wireless communication module, a sensing information acquisition module, and a routing table calculation module. The wireless communication module is used for data transmission between the shore-based base station and the backhaul relay node or the main ship node. The sensing information acquisition module is used to acquire and store the sensing information received from the shore-based base station node's wireless communication module and periodically uploaded by the backhaul relay node and the main ship node. The routing table calculation module reads the sensing information of all nodes stored in the sensing information acquisition module at a certain time interval T1, calculates the routing table of all nodes, and generates a routing table data packet to be transmitted to the wireless communication module.

[0011] The backhaul relay node further includes a wireless communication module and an information sensing module. The wireless communication module is used for data transmission with shore-based base stations, other relay backhaul nodes, and the main ship node. The information sensing module is used to acquire the required sensing information, generate corresponding information reporting messages, and deliver them to the wireless communication module.

[0012] The main ship node is equipped with a wireless communication module and an information sensing module. The wireless communication module is used for data transmission between the main ship node and slave ship nodes, relay backhaul nodes or shore-based base stations. The information sensing module is used to sense predefined sensing information that needs to be reported to the shore-based base station.

[0013] The maritime wireless backhaul network is divided into two levels: the first level subnet is the main ship multi-hop backhaul network, which includes shore-based base stations, backhaul relay nodes and main ship nodes, and its control node is the shore-based base station; the second level subnet is the main ship and slave ship access network, which includes main ship nodes and slave ship nodes, and its control node is the main ship node.

[0014] This invention also provides a method for maritime wireless backhaul networking based on information awareness. The maritime wireless backhaul networking system employs the following method for information awareness:

[0015] Step 1: The control node of the first-level subnet periodically sends system information broadcast SIB. In addition to the Sidelink system configuration information supported by the 5G standard, the SIB also includes: energy-aware denial-of-service threshold λ, energy-aware policy control threshold μ, and channel-aware power threshold P1.

[0016] Step 2: The control node of the first-level subnet periodically allocates channel awareness information reporting communication resources to all non-control nodes in the subnet, and sends downlink control information (DCI) to the non-control nodes that need to report awareness information through the downlink control channel (PDCCH). The non-control nodes obtain the DCI information by decoding the PDCCH channel to determine whether the message is transmitted to them. If so, they further obtain the relevant information of the allocated communication resources.

[0017] If a non-control node is determined by the control node to be able to directly access the network, the communication resources include uplink control channel PUCCH resources, uplink shared channel PUSCH resources, and the starting position of the resources. The PUCCH is used to carry uplink control information (UCI) for decoding at the control node, and the PUSCH is used to carry sensing data.

[0018] If a non-controlling node is determined by the controlling node to be unable to directly access the network, then the communication resources include the sidechain control channel PSCCH resources, the sidechain shared channel PSSCH resources, the uplink control channel PUCCH resources, the uplink shared channel PUSCH resources, and the starting position of the resources. The PSCCH is used to carry the sidechain control information SCI for data decoding between non-controlling nodes, the PSSCH is used to carry the sensing data, the PUCCH is used to carry the uplink control information UCI for decoding at the controlling node, and the PUSCH is used to carry the sensing data.

[0019] Step 3: After the non-control node obtains the sensing information and reports the resource information, it should first read the sensing information data stored in its own information sensing module, and then transmit the data to the next node on the assigned wireless resource.

[0020] Step 4: After receiving the sensing data, the control node releases resources and waits for the next resource reporting cycle before returning to Step 1;

[0021] In a maritime wireless backhaul networking system, when non-control nodes within each subnet or control nodes in a second-level subnet need to transmit data back, the following steps are used for wireless data backhaul:

[0022] Step 1: Based on the acquired sensing status information, the control nodes in the first-level subnet exclude nodes with energy hazard levels and nodes subject to interference, and then generate a routing table for the subnet according to the HWMP protocol defined in the 802.11s standard. The routing table contains all non-control nodes and next-hop nodes in the subnet, and broadcasts the routing table information to the non-control nodes in the subnet through the broadcast channel PBCH.

[0023] Step 2: When a non-control node in the first-level subnet needs to transmit data back, the data is transmitted directly back to the shore base station through the first-level subnet. When a non-control node in the second-level subnet needs to transmit data back, the data is first transmitted to the second-level subnet control node through the 5G access process via the second-level subnet, and then transmitted back to the shore base station by the control node through the first-level subnet.

[0024] Furthermore, in step 3, if the control node determines that the non-control node can directly access the network, then the DCI will only contain PUCCH and PUSCH resources, and the non-control node will directly send data to the control node on the assigned resources.

[0025] If the control node determines that the non-control node cannot directly access, then the DCI contains PUCCH, PUSCH, PSCCH, and PSSCH resources, and further includes the following steps:

[0026] Step 3.1: The non-control node determines the next-hop node through the saved routing table information and establishes a Sidelink link with the next-hop node on the PSDCH channel through the Sidelinkdiscovery function;

[0027] Step 3.2: Non-control nodes that need to report resources send all resource information used in this transmission to the next-hop node through the PSCCH resource. The next-hop node obtains the sidechain control information (SCI) by decoding the PSCCH channel and then obtains the starting position of all resources required for this transmission.

[0028] Step 3.3: Non-control nodes that need to report resources report the sensing data to the next-hop node on the assigned PSCCH and PSSCH channel resources;

[0029] Step 3.4: The next-hop node transmits data to the control node on the PUCCH and PUSCH resources.

[0030] Furthermore, data backhaul within the first-level subnet includes the following steps:

[0031] Step 2.1: Non-control nodes within the first-level subnet determine their next-hop node based on the received routing table information. If the next-hop node is a control node, data is transmitted to the control node according to the 5G standard uplink transmission process. If the next-hop node is a non-control node, Steps 2.2 to 2.10 are executed.

[0032] Step 2.2: Non-control nodes initiate a backhaul resource request to their respective control nodes on the random access channel PRACH.

[0033] Step 2.3: After receiving the return resource request, the control node allocates the corresponding resources for this data transmission and transmits the downlink control information (DCI) to the non-control nodes through the downlink control channel PDCCH. The resources include: sidechain control channel PSCCH, sidechain shared channel PSSCH, sidechain feedback channel PSFCH, uplink control channel PUCCH, uplink shared channel PUSCH, and the starting position of the resources. Specifically, PSCCH is used to carry sidechain control information (SCI) for data decoding between non-control nodes, PSSCH is used to carry the required return data, PSFCH is used for sidechain communication data decoding feedback, PUCCH is used to carry uplink control information (UCI) for decoding at the control node, and PUSCH is used to carry sensing data.

[0034] Step 2.4: The non-control node determines the next-hop node through the saved routing table information and establishes a Sidelink link with the next-hop node on the PSDCH channel based on the Sidelinkdiscovery function.

[0035] Step 2.5: Send all resource information used in this transmission to the next-hop node through the PSCCH resource. The next-hop node obtains the sidechain control information (SCI) by decoding the PSCCH channel and then obtains the starting position of all resources required for this transmission.

[0036] Step 2.6: Non-control nodes that need to report resources report the sensing data to the next-hop node on the assigned PSCCH and PSSCH channel resources;

[0037] Step 2.7: After the next-hop node successfully receives the data, it sends an ACK message to the next-hop node through the PSFCH resource; otherwise, it sends a NACK message. When a NACK message is received, the data needs to be retransmitted through the PSCCH and PSSCH channel resources.

[0038] Step 2.8: If the next hop node can be directly connected to the control node, it will transmit the backhaul data to the control node on the PUCCH and PUSCH resources according to the resource information contained in the SCI; otherwise, it will repeat step 2.4 to continue transmitting the data to the next node.

[0039] Step 2.9: If the control node successfully receives the data, it sends an ACK message on the PDCCH channel; otherwise, it sends a NACK message. If the node receives a NACK message, it needs to retransmit the data on the PUCCH and PUSCH channel resources.

[0040] Step 2.10: After the control node has finished receiving the data, release all resources.

[0041] Beneficial effects:

[0042] 1. The maritime wireless backhaul networking system based on information perception provided by this invention adopts a hierarchical network architecture. The first subnet is the master ship multi-hop backhaul subnet, and the second subnet is the slave ship access subnet. Multi-hop transmission increases the distance of ship data backhaul, while the control nodes in the second-level subnet manage the resources of the nodes within the second-level subnet, reducing the communication resource overhead required for resource management by shore-based base stations.

[0043] 2. The information-aware marine wireless backhaul networking system provided by this invention, compared with marine communication systems that extend coverage distance through relay base stations, utilizes nodes such as buoys, ships, and offshore oil platforms.

[0044] 3. The maritime wireless backhaul networking method based on information perception provided by this invention selects backhaul nodes through information perception methods (channel perception, interference perception, energy perception) and the designed perception information reporting process. By reporting perception information, the communication link interruption problem caused by interference nodes and low-energy nodes participating in data backhaul is avoided. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 Diagram of a maritime wireless backhaul network architecture;

[0046] Figure 2 Diagram of the multi-hop return network architecture for the first-level subnet master ship;

[0047] Figure 3 Diagram of the master-slave ship access subnetwork for the second-level subnetwork;

[0048] Figure 4 Flowchart for reporting perceived information;

[0049] Figure 5 Flowchart for multi-hop perception information reporting;

[0050] Figure 6 Here is a flowchart of the data return process;

[0051] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the multi-hop data backhaul process. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0053] This invention provides an information-aware maritime wireless backhaul networking method, such as... Figure 1 As shown, this method includes a shore-based base station, at least one backhaul relay node, at least one master ship node, and several slave ship nodes. All nodes communicate wirelessly via millimeter-wave links.

[0054] The shore-based base station node is a 5G macro base station, equipped with a wireless communication module, a sensing information acquisition module, and a routing table calculation module. The wireless communication module is used for data transmission between the shore-based base station and the backhaul relay node or the main ship node. The sensing information acquisition module is used to acquire and store the sensing information received from the shore-based base station node's wireless communication module and periodically uploaded by the relay backhaul node and the main ship node. The routing table calculation module reads the sensing information of all nodes stored in the sensing information acquisition module at a certain time interval T1, calculates the routing table of all nodes, and generates a routing table data packet, which is then transmitted to the wireless communication module.

[0055] The return relay node can be a buoy, an offshore platform, or other return relay vessel equipped with relay return equipment and fully implementing the NR Sidelink protocol stack. The relay return equipment further includes a wireless communication module and an information sensing module. The wireless communication module is used for data transmission with shore-based base stations, other relay return nodes, and the main ship node. The information sensing module is used to acquire the required sensing information, generate corresponding information reporting messages, and deliver them to the wireless communication module.

[0056] The main ship node is a 5G relay base station and is capable of implementing all protocols of 5G base station and 5G Sidelink. It has a wireless communication module and an information sensing module. The wireless communication module is used for data transmission between the main ship node and the slave ship node, relay backhaul node or shore base station. The information sensing module is used to sense predefined sensing information that needs to be reported to the shore base station.

[0057] The slave node, as a 5G terminal, has the protocol stack functions required for 5G terminals and is directly connected to the master node.

[0058] Furthermore, the maritime wireless backhaul network is divided into two levels:

[0059] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the maritime wireless backhaul network is divided into two subnets and their control nodes are defined. The first subnet is the master ship multi-hop backhaul network, which includes shore-based base stations, backhaul relay nodes and master ship nodes, and its control node is the shore-based base station. The second subnet is the master-slave access network, which includes master ship nodes and slave ship nodes, and its control node is the master ship node.

[0060] For the aforementioned maritime wireless backhaul networking system, the following approach is adopted: Figure 4 The steps shown are for information perception:

[0061] Step 1: The control node of the first-level subnet periodically sends System Information Broadcast (SIB). In addition to the Sidelink system configuration information supported by the 5G standard, the SIB also includes: Energy-aware Denial-of-Service Threshold λ, Energy-aware Policy Control Threshold μ, and Channel-aware Power Threshold P1.

[0062] Step 2: The control node of the first-level subnet periodically allocates channel awareness information reporting communication resources to all non-control nodes in the subnet, and sends downlink control information (DCI) to the non-control nodes that need to report awareness information through the downlink control channel (PDCCH). The non-control nodes obtain the DCI information by decoding the PDCCH channel to determine whether the message is transmitted to them. If so, they further obtain the relevant information of the allocated communication resources.

[0063] If a non-control node is determined by the control node to be able to directly access the network, the communication resources include uplink control channel PUCCH resources, uplink shared channel PUSCH resources, and the starting position of the resources. The PUCCH is used to carry uplink control information (UCI) for decoding at the control node, and the PUSCH is used to carry sensing data.

[0064] If a non-controlling node is determined by the controlling node to be unable to directly access the network, the communication resources include the sidechain control channel PSCCH resources, the sidechain shared channel PSSCH resources, the uplink control channel PUCCH resources, the uplink shared channel PUSCH resources, and the starting positions of the resources. The PSCCH is used to carry the sidechain control information SCI for data decoding between non-controlling nodes, the PSSCH is used to carry the sensing data, the PUCCH is used to carry the uplink control information UCI for decoding at the controlling node, and the PUSCH is used to carry the sensing data.

[0065] Step 3: After the non-control node obtains the sensing information and reports the resource information, it should first read the sensing information data stored in its own information sensing module, and then transmit the data to the next node on the assigned wireless resource.

[0066] Furthermore, if the control node determines that the non-control node can directly access the network, the DCI will only contain PUCCH and PUSCH resources, and the non-control node will directly send data to the control node on the assigned resources.

[0067] If the control node determines that the non-control node cannot directly access, then the DCI simultaneously contains PUCCH, PUSCH, PSCCH, and PSSCH resources. In this case, if... Figure 5 As shown, it further includes the following steps:

[0068] Step 3.1: The non-control node determines the next-hop node through the saved routing table information and establishes a Sidelink link with the next-hop node on the PSDCH channel through the Sidelinkdiscovery function.

[0069] Step 3.2: Non-control nodes that need to report resources send all resource information used in this transmission to the next-hop node through the PSCCH resource. The next-hop node obtains the sidechain control information (SCI) by decoding the PSCCH channel and then obtains the starting position of all resources required for this transmission.

[0070] Step 3.3: Non-control nodes that need to report resources report the sensing data to the next-hop node on the assigned PSCCH and PSSCH channel resources.

[0071] Step 3.4: The next-hop node transmits data to the control node on the PUCCH and PUSCH resources.

[0072] Step 4: After receiving the sensing data, the control node releases resources and waits for the next resource reporting cycle to arrive before repeating Step 1.

[0073] The specific methods for sensing each type of information and the data reporting format are as follows:

[0074] Energy perception

[0075] After decoding the System Information Broadcast Message (SIB) sent by the control node, the non-control node obtains the Energy Aware Denial-of-Service Threshold λ and the Energy Aware Policy Regulation Threshold μ.

[0076] The power energy of the i-th node that needs to be energy-sensing is divided into three discrete levels: Level(i), namely, normal, warning, and danger.

[0077] If the denial-of-service threshold λ and the policy control threshold μ are set, then the Level(i) classification policy is as follows:

[0078]

[0079] Where E0 is the initial energy of node i, E i Let be the current remaining energy of node i.

[0080] Channel quality awareness

[0081] Channel quality awareness is based on the Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) defined in the 5G standard TS 38.211. The CSI-RS is periodically transmitted by the control node. Non-control nodes detect the signal power on all subcarriers carrying the CSI-RS within the frequency band. The final reference signal received power is the average of the received power of all subcarriers, as shown in the following formula:

[0082]

[0083] Among them, P detect_i Let be the detection power value on the i-th subcarrier, and n be the total number of subcarriers occupied by all CSI-RS in the communication band.

[0084] After decoding the System Information Broadcast Message (SIB) sent by the control node, the non-control node obtains the channel-aware power threshold P1 and further defines the channel quality state L(i) of the i-th node. When the measured RSRP value of the node is less than the threshold P1, it indicates that it cannot directly establish a communication link with the control node.

[0085]

[0086] Interference sensing

[0087] The communication frequency band used by the node is divided into N communication channels at equal intervals. The power spectrum of the entire communication spectrum is calculated. First, the number of sampling points is set to 2NL. The power spectrum calculated by the modified periodogram method can be expressed as follows:

[0088]

[0089] Where w(l) is the Hamming window function and L is the number of power spectral points.

[0090] The power spectrum points obtained by the above formula are for a real signal of length NL. Dividing the power spectrum into N segments in sequence, the number of power spectrum points in each segment is L. The energy of the i-th communication channel detected in this study is shown in the following formula:

[0091]

[0092] Further setting a threshold γ, the detection energy value E of each communication channel is... i Compared with the threshold γ, if E i If γ < 0, it indicates that the communication channel is not interfered with; otherwise, it is judged to be interfered with. When there is an interfered channel among all communication channels in the communication band, the sensing node judges that it is interfered with. The node interference flag I(i) of the i-th node is defined as follows:

[0093]

[0094] Sensing information reporting data frame structure

[0095] A 5G MAC layer Protocol Data Unit (PDU) data packet consists of a MAC header, one or more MAC control information elements, one or more service data payloads (SDUs), and one padding element. The MAC header indicates the message type of the subsequent control information elements, SDUs, and padding. The service data payload (SDU) can be used to carry the above-mentioned sensing information reporting data. In the SDU data format, 5G uses 00000 to 11111 to identify different data types, with 01011-11001 being reserved sequence numbers. Therefore, any one of 01011-11001 can be used as the message type identifier in the MAC header of the sensing information reporting data. The data format contained in the SDU is shown in the table below:

[0096] Table 1. SDU Data Format for Sensing Information Reporting

[0097]

[0098] In a maritime wireless backhaul networking system, when non-control nodes within each subnet or control nodes in a second-level subnet need to transmit data back, the following method is used: Figure 6The steps shown are for wireless data backhaul:

[0099] Step 1: Based on the acquired sensing status information, the control nodes in the first-level subnet exclude nodes with energy hazard levels and nodes subject to interference, and then generate a routing table for the subnet according to the HWMP protocol defined in the 802.11s standard. The routing table contains all non-control nodes and next-hop nodes in the subnet, and broadcasts the routing table information to the non-control nodes in the subnet through the broadcast channel PBCH.

[0100] Step 2: When a non-control node in the first-level subnet needs to transmit data back, the data is transmitted directly back to the shore base station through the first-level subnet. When a non-control node in the second-level subnet needs to transmit data back, the data is first transmitted to the control node of the second-level subnet through the 5G access process through the second-level subnet, and then transmitted back to the shore base station through the first-level subnet by the control node.

[0101] The data backhaul within the first-level subnet further includes the following steps:

[0102] Step 2.1: Non-control nodes within the first-level subnet determine their next-hop node based on the received routing table information. If the next-hop node is a control node, then... Figure 6 As shown, according to the 5G standard uplink transmission process, data is transmitted to the control node. If the next-hop node is not a control node, then... Figure 7 As shown, it further includes the following steps:

[0103] Step 2.2: Non-control nodes initiate a backhaul resource request to their respective control nodes on the random access channel PRACH.

[0104] Step 2.3: After receiving the return resource request, the control node allocates the corresponding resources for this data transmission and transmits the downlink control information (DCI) to the non-control nodes through the downlink control channel PDCCH. The resources include: sidechain control channel PSCCH, sidechain shared channel PSSCH, sidechain feedback channel PSFCH, uplink control channel PUCCH, uplink shared channel PUSCH, and the starting position of the resources. Specifically, PSCCH is used to carry sidechain control information (SCI) for data decoding between non-control nodes, PSSCH is used to carry the required return data, PSFCH is used for sidechain communication data decoding feedback, PUCCH is used to carry uplink control information (UCI) for decoding at the control node, and PUSCH is used to carry sensing data.

[0105] Step 2.4: The non-control node determines the next-hop node through the saved routing table information and establishes a Sidelink link with the next-hop node on the PSDCH channel based on the Sidelinkdiscovery function.

[0106] Step 2.5: Send all resource information used in this transmission to the next-hop node through the PSCCH resource. The next-hop node obtains the sidechain control information (SCI) by decoding the PSCCH channel and then obtains the starting position of all resources required for this transmission.

[0107] Step 2.6: Non-control nodes that need to report resources report the sensing data to the next-hop node on the assigned PSCCH and PSSCH channel resources.

[0108] Step 2.7: After successfully receiving the data, the next-hop node sends an ACK message to the next-hop node through the PSFCH resource; otherwise, it sends a NACK message. When a NACK message is received, the data needs to be retransmitted through the PSCCH and PSSCH channel resources.

[0109] Step 2.8: If the next-hop node can be directly connected to the control node, it will transmit the backhaul data to the control node on the PUCCH and PUSCH resources according to the resource information contained in the SCI. Otherwise, repeat step 2.4 to continue transmitting the data to the next node.

[0110] Step 2.9: If the control node successfully receives the data, it sends an ACK message on the PDCCH channel; otherwise, it sends a NACK message. If the node receives a NACK message, it needs to retransmit the data on the PUCCH and PUSCH channel resources.

[0111] Step 2.10: After the control node has finished receiving the data, release all resources.

[0112] The return relay nodes involved in this invention include, but are not limited to, buoys, ships, and offshore oil platforms. Any node capable of carrying communication and sensing equipment can be used as a substitute, such as drones, unmanned ships, and sensors.

[0113] In summary, the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A maritime wireless backhaul networking method based on information perception, characterized in that, Construct an information-aware maritime wireless backhaul networking system, including: shore-based base stations, at least one backhaul relay node, at least one master ship node, and several slave ship nodes; all nodes communicate wirelessly via millimeter-wave links; the system forms a maritime wireless backhaul network. The shore-based base station node is a 5G macro base station; The return relay node is a buoy, offshore platform, or other return relay vessel equipped with return relay equipment and fully implements the NR Sidelink protocol stack. The main ship node is a 5G relay base station and has the ability to implement all protocols of 5G base station and 5G Sidelink. The slave node, as a 5G terminal, has the protocol stack functions required for 5G terminals and is directly connected to the master node. The shore-based base station node includes a wireless communication module, a sensing information acquisition module, and a routing table calculation module. The wireless communication module is used for data transmission between the shore-based base station and the backhaul relay node or the main ship node. The sensing information acquisition module is used to acquire and store the sensing information received from the shore-based base station node's wireless communication module and periodically uploaded by the backhaul relay node and the main ship node. The routing table calculation module reads the sensing information of all nodes stored in the sensing information acquisition module at a certain time interval T1, calculates the routing table of all nodes, and generates a routing table data packet, which is then transmitted to the wireless communication module. The backhaul relay node further includes a wireless communication module and an information sensing module. The wireless communication module is used for data transmission with shore-based base stations, other relay backhaul nodes, and the main ship node. The information sensing module is used to acquire the required sensing information, generate corresponding information reporting messages, and deliver them to the wireless communication module. The master ship node has a wireless communication module and an information sensing module. The wireless communication module is used for data transmission between the master ship node and slave ship nodes, relay backhaul nodes or shore-based base stations. The information sensing module is used to sense predefined sensing information that needs to be reported to the shore-based base station. The maritime wireless backhaul network is divided into two levels: the first level subnet is the master ship multi-hop backhaul network, which includes shore-based base stations, backhaul relay nodes and master ship nodes, and its control node is the shore-based base station; the second level subnet is the master ship and slave ship access network, which includes master ship nodes and slave ship nodes, and its control node is the master ship node. The maritime wireless backhaul networking system employs the following method for information sensing: Step 1: The control node of the first-level subnet periodically sends system information broadcast SIB. In addition to the Sidelink system configuration information supported by the 5G standard, the SIB also includes: energy-aware denial-of-service threshold λ, energy-aware policy control threshold μ, and channel-aware power threshold P1. Step 2: The control node of the first-level subnet periodically allocates channel awareness information reporting communication resources to all non-control nodes in the subnet, and sends downlink control information (DCI) to the non-control nodes that need to report awareness information through the downlink control channel (PDCCH). The non-control nodes obtain the DCI information by decoding the PDCCH channel to determine whether the message is transmitted to them. If so, they further obtain the relevant information of the allocated communication resources. If the non-control node is determined by the control node to be able to directly access, then the communication resources include uplink control channel PUCCH resources, uplink shared channel PUSCH resources and the starting position of the resources, wherein PUCCH is used to carry uplink control information UCI for decoding at the control node, and PUSCH is used to carry sensing data. If the non-controlling node is determined by the controlling node to be unable to directly access, then the communication resources include sidechain control channel PSCCH resources, sidechain shared channel PSSCH resources, uplink control channel PUCCH resources, uplink shared channel PUSCH resources, and the starting position of the resources. The PSCCH is used to carry sidechain control information SCI for data decoding between non-controlling nodes, the PSSCH is used to carry the sensing data, the PUCCH is used to carry uplink control information UCI for decoding at the controlling node, and the PUSCH is used to carry the sensing data. Step 3: After the non-control node obtains the sensing information and reports the resource information, it should first read the sensing information data stored in its own information sensing module, and then transmit the data to the next node on the assigned wireless resource. Step 4: After receiving the sensing data, the control node releases resources and waits for the next resource reporting cycle before returning to Step 1; In the aforementioned maritime wireless backhaul networking system, when non-control nodes within each subnet or control nodes in the second-level subnet need to transmit data back, the following steps are used for wireless data backhaul: Step 1: Based on the acquired sensing status information, the control nodes in the first-level subnet exclude nodes with energy hazard levels and nodes subject to interference, and then generate a routing table in the subnet according to the HWMP protocol defined in the 802.11s standard. The routing table contains all non-control nodes and next-hop nodes in the subnet, and broadcasts the routing table information to the non-control nodes in the subnet through the broadcast channel PBCH. Step 2: When a non-control node in the first-level subnet needs to transmit data back, the data is transmitted directly back to the shore base station through the first-level subnet. When a non-control node in the second-level subnet needs to transmit data back, the data is first transmitted to the control node of the second-level subnet through the 5G access process through the second-level subnet, and then transmitted back to the shore base station through the first-level subnet by the control node.

2. The maritime wireless backhaul networking method based on information awareness as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, if the control node determines that the non-control node can directly access the network, then the DCI only contains PUCCH and PUSCH resources, and the non-control node directly sends data to the control node on the assigned resources. If the control node determines that the non-control node cannot directly access, then the DCI contains PUCCH, PUSCH, PSCCH, and PSSCH resources, and further includes the following steps: Step 3.1: The non-control node determines the next-hop node through the saved routing table information and establishes a Sidelink link with the next-hop node on the PSDCH channel through the Sidelinkdiscovery function; Step 3.2: Non-control nodes that need to report resources send all resource information used in this transmission to the next-hop node through the PSCCH resource. The next-hop node obtains the sidechain control information (SCI) by decoding the PSCCH channel and then obtains the starting position of all resources required for this transmission. Step 3.3: Non-control nodes that need to report resources report the sensing data to the next-hop node on the assigned PSCCH and PSSCH channel resources; Step 3.4: The next-hop node transmits data to the control node on the PUCCH and PUSCH resources.

3. A maritime wireless backhaul networking method based on information awareness as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Data backhaul within the first-level subnet further includes the following steps: Step 2.1: Non-control nodes within the first-level subnet determine their next-hop node based on the received routing table information. If the next-hop node is a control node, data is transmitted to the control node according to the 5G standard uplink transmission process. If the next-hop node is a non-control node, proceed to Steps 2.2 through 2.

10. Step 2.2: Non-control nodes initiate a backhaul resource request to their respective control nodes on the random access channel PRACH; Step 2.3: After receiving the return resource request, the control node allocates corresponding resources for this data transmission and transmits the downlink control information (DCI) to the non-control node through the downlink control channel PDCCH. The resources include: sidechain control channel PSCCH, sidechain shared channel PSSCH, sidechain feedback channel PSFCH, uplink control channel PUCCH, uplink shared channel PUSCH, and the starting position of the resources. Specifically, PSCCH is used to carry sidechain control information (SCI) for data decoding between non-control nodes, PSSCH is used to carry the required return data, PSFCH is used for sidechain communication data decoding feedback, PUCCH is used to carry uplink control information (UCI) for decoding at the control node, and PUSCH is used to carry sensing data. Step 2.4: The non-control node determines the next-hop node through the saved routing table information and establishes a Sidelink link with the next-hop node on the PSDCH channel based on the Sidelinkdiscovery function. Step 2.5: Send all resource information used in this transmission to the next-hop node through the PSCCH resource. The next-hop node obtains the sidechain control information (SCI) by decoding the PSCCH channel and then obtains the starting position of all resources required for this transmission. Step 2.6: Non-control nodes that need to report resources report the sensing data to the next-hop node on the assigned PSCCH and PSSCH channel resources; Step 2.7: After the next-hop node successfully receives the data, it sends an ACK message to the next-hop node through the PSFCH resource; otherwise, it sends a NACK message. When a NACK message is received, the data needs to be retransmitted through the PSCCH and PSSCH channel resources. Step 2.8: If the next hop node can be directly connected to the control node, it will transmit the backhaul data to the control node on the PUCCH and PUSCH resources according to the resource information contained in the SCI; otherwise, it will repeat step 2.4 to continue transmitting the data to the next node. Step 2.9: If the control node successfully receives the data, it sends an ACK message on the PDCCH channel; otherwise, it sends a NACK message. If the node receives a NACK message, it needs to retransmit the data on the PDCCH and PUSCH channel resources. Step 2.10: After the control node has finished receiving the data, release all resources.

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