System for accelerating rockfill dam settlement

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a system for accelerating the settlement of a rockfill dam, comprising a plurality of vibration devices and a power supply, the plurality of vibration devices being used to be embedded inside the rockfill dam, the vibration device comprising a shell and a vibration mechanism arranged inside the shell, the vibration mechanism being used to drive the shell to vibrate, the vibration frequencies of the plurality of vibration devices being the same; the power supply being arranged outside the dam slope downstream of the rockfill dam, the power supply being electrically connected to the vibration mechanisms of the vibration devices through cables respectively. Through the above technical solution, the present disclosure can accelerate the settlement speed of the rockfill dam during construction, improve the compactness of the rockfill body, and ensure the quality and safety of the rockfill dam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of hydraulic engineering structures, and more specifically, to a system for accelerating the settlement of rockfill dams. Background Technology

[0002] Reaching settlement convergence at high rockfill dams is a very lengthy process. Statistical analysis indicates that it takes approximately 20 years for a high rockfill dam to reach settlement convergence. Settlement of rockfill dams can be divided into two phases: the construction phase and the operation phase. About 70% of the settlement is completed during the construction phase. For concrete-faced rockfill dams, the settlement of the upstream slope should be stable within 10 mm / month before concrete pouring. Therefore, approximately six months of settlement time should be allowed within the rockfill body at the pouring elevation before the concrete face is poured. Some high concrete-faced rockfill dams, to strictly control deformation during construction, have implemented stricter porosity control indicators than the design specifications through on-site compaction tests. For gravel-soil core rockfill dams, the settlement of the dam crest should also reach the specified value before reservoir impoundment; otherwise, after reservoir impoundment, the dam slope may collapse, and vertical cracks may appear in the gravel-soil core, affecting the safe operation of the dam. In engineering practice, if the settlement and deformation of the concrete-faced rockfill dam are not properly controlled during the construction period, voids may appear at the bottom of the concrete face after the reservoir is filled. This necessitates lowering the reservoir water level and re-treating the dam. Related technologies for controlling deformation in high rockfill dams include two methods: one is to use vibratory rollers to achieve the specified porosity, but this is time-consuming, has a long construction period, and high labor costs; the other method is to appropriately extend the settlement time before reservoir impoundment, but this further prolongs the construction period. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a system for accelerating the settlement of rockfill dams. This system can accelerate the settlement rate during the construction period of rockfill dams, improve the compactness of the rockfill body, and ensure the quality and safety of rockfill dams.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this disclosure, a system for accelerating the settlement of rockfill dams is provided, comprising:

[0005] Multiple vibration devices are pre-embedded inside the rockfill dam. Each vibration device includes a housing and a vibration mechanism disposed inside the housing. The vibration mechanism drives the housing to vibrate. The multiple vibration devices have the same vibration frequency.

[0006] A power supply is provided on the exterior of the downstream slope of the rockfill dam, and the power supply is electrically connected to the vibration mechanism of the vibration device via cables.

[0007] Optionally, the plurality of vibration devices are respectively arranged at intervals along a vertical first direction, a horizontal second direction, and a horizontal third direction perpendicular to the second direction.

[0008] Optionally, the cable, at least the section buried within the rockfill dam, is wrapped with a protective layer.

[0009] Optionally, the vibration mechanism includes:

[0010] A spring, the bottom end of which is connected to the inner bottom wall of the housing, and the top end extending toward the inner top wall of the housing along the first direction;

[0011] A vibration motor is connected to the top of the spring via a connecting plate. A vibration space exists between the top of the vibration motor and the inner top wall of the housing. A cable passes through the housing and connects to the vibration motor.

[0012] A guiding mechanism, connected to the vibration motor, is used to guide the vibration motor to vibrate along the first direction.

[0013] Optionally, the guiding mechanism includes at least two guide rods that both extend along a first direction. The guide rods slide through the connecting plate and are connected between the inner bottom wall and the inner top wall of the housing. The vibration motor is slidably connected between the outer ring formed by the at least two guide rods.

[0014] Optionally, the spring is sleeved on the outer ring formed by at least two of the guide rods and slides in contact with the guide rods, and the vibration motor is provided with a slider that slides in cooperation with the guide rods.

[0015] Optionally, the slider has a groove on the side opposite to the vibration motor that slides with the guide rod.

[0016] Optionally, the vibration motor is provided with a plurality of sliders arranged at intervals along a first direction corresponding to each of the guide rods.

[0017] Optionally, the housing is provided with a through hole for the cable to pass through, and the vibration device further includes a telescopic sleeve. The cable passes through the telescopic sleeve and the through hole in sequence and is then connected to the vibration motor. One end of the telescopic sleeve is fixed to the through hole, and the other end is fixed to the cable.

[0018] Optionally, the telescopic sleeve is a metal bellows expansion joint.

[0019] Through the above technical solution, the system for accelerating the settlement of rockfill dams provided in this disclosure, by burying multiple vibration devices inside the rockfill dam, and since the vibration mechanism inside the shell of each vibration device is electrically connected to a power source outside the dam slope via a cable, when the power is turned on, the vibration mechanism vibrates, thereby driving the shell to vibrate. When multiple vibration devices pre-buried inside the rockfill dam are energized and vibrate at the same frequency, a resonance phenomenon can be formed inside the rockfill dam. The huge energy generated by the resonance of multiple vibration devices can accelerate the settlement of the rockfill body, improve the internal density of the rockfill dam, complete the settlement deformation during the construction period of the rockfill dam in the shortest possible time, shorten the construction period, ensure the construction quality of the rockfill dam, and also solve the safety problems caused by the poor internal density of the rockfill dam.

[0020] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present disclosure and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the present disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a rockfill dam provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Sectional view of AA;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration device provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 BB section view.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0027] 1-Vibration device; 11-Housing; 111-Inner top wall; 112-Inner bottom wall; 113-Through hole; 114-Inner side wall; 115-Outer side wall; 12-Spring; 121-Bottom end; 122-Top end; 13-Vibration motor; 131-Connecting plate; 132-Slider; 1321-Slide groove; 133-First vibration side plate; 134-Second vibration side plate; 14-Vibration space; 15-Guide rod; 16-Telescopic sleeve; 2-Rockfill dam; 21-Downstream of rockfill dam. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The specific embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0029] In this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the relative positions of the corresponding components in the direction of gravity when they are in use, and "inner" and "outer" refer to their relative positions to the contours of the corresponding components themselves. In the accompanying drawings, "Z-direction" represents the first direction, "X-direction" represents the second direction, and "Y-direction" represents the third direction. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this disclosure are for distinguishing one element from another and do not have sequential or importance implications. In addition, in the following description, when referring to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise explained, the same reference numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The above definitions are for explanation and illustration only and should not be construed as limiting this disclosure.

[0030] According to a specific embodiment of the first aspect of this disclosure, reference is made to... Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a system for accelerating the settlement of a rockfill dam is provided, including multiple vibration devices 1 and a power source. The multiple vibration devices 1 are pre-embedded inside the rockfill dam 2. Each vibration device 1 includes a housing 11 and a vibration mechanism disposed inside the housing 11. The vibration mechanism drives the housing 11 to vibrate. The vibration frequencies of the multiple vibration devices 1 are the same. The power source is disposed outside the dam slope downstream 21 of the rockfill dam and is electrically connected to the vibration mechanism of each vibration device 1 via cables.

[0031] Through the above technical solution, the system for accelerating the settlement of rockfill dams provided in this disclosure, by burying multiple vibration devices 1 inside the rockfill dam 2, and since the vibration mechanism inside the shell 11 of each vibration device 1 is electrically connected to the power source outside the slope of the rockfill dam 2 via a cable, when the power source is turned on, the vibration mechanism vibrates, thereby driving the shell 11 to vibrate. When the multiple vibration devices 1 pre-buried inside the rockfill dam 2 are powered on and vibrate at the same frequency, a resonance phenomenon can be formed inside the rockfill dam 2. The huge energy generated by the resonance of multiple vibration devices 1 can accelerate the settlement of the rockfill body, improve the internal density of the rockfill dam 2, complete the settlement deformation of the rockfill dam 2 during the construction period in the shortest possible time, shorten the construction period, ensure the construction quality of the rockfill dam 2, and also solve the safety problems caused by the poor internal density of the rockfill dam 2.

[0032] In the specific embodiments provided in this disclosure, reference is made to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, multiple vibration devices 1 are spaced apart along a vertical first direction, a horizontal second direction, and a horizontal third direction perpendicular to the second direction. The multiple vibration devices 1 are spaced apart along the horizontal second direction and the third direction to allow for the arraying of multiple vibration devices 1 at the same height layer within the rockfill dam 2. Along the vertical first direction, i.e., at different height layers within the rockfill dam 2, multiple vibration devices 1 are arranged in an array as described above, so that multiple vibration devices 1 are evenly distributed in the three-dimensional space inside the rockfill dam 2. When the power supply is turned on and the vibration devices 1 vibrate at the same frequency, uniform resonance can be achieved in all spaces inside the rockfill dam 2, ensuring uniform settlement of the rockfill body at different locations within the rockfill dam 2, thereby guaranteeing the density of the interior of the rockfill dam 2.

[0033] It should be noted that the power supply can be located downstream of the rockfill dam 21, i.e., on the dam slope on the backwater side of the rockfill dam 2, or it can be located in a control room far away from the rockfill dam 2. In some embodiments, the vibration devices 1 at each height level can be connected in series, and the vibration devices 1 at different height levels can be connected in parallel and then connected to the power supply. The power supply can also be connected to a controller to control the vibration of the vibration devices 1 at different height levels as needed. Of course, the vibration devices at the same height level and at different height levels can also be connected in any other suitable way, and this disclosure does not specifically limit this.

[0034] During the construction of the rockfill dam 2, the power can be turned on to make the vibration device 1 below that height vibrate at a certain height, so as to make the rockfill body at the height of the dam compacted through resonance. After the dam body construction is completed, all the vibration devices 1 in the dam body can be turned on again to resonate, ensuring that the dam body settles fully.

[0035] In order to prevent the rockfill body from damaging the cables between the various vibration devices buried inside the dam body during the settlement process of the rockfill dam, in the specific embodiments provided in this disclosure, the cable body buried at least inside the rockfill dam 2 is wrapped with a protective layer, such as a rubber protective layer wrapped around the outside of the cable.

[0036] In the specific embodiments provided in this disclosure, reference is made to Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the vibration mechanism may include a spring 12, a vibration motor 13, and a guiding mechanism. The bottom end 121 of the spring 12 is connected to the inner bottom wall 112 of the housing 11, and the top end 122 extends along a first direction toward the inner top wall 111 of the housing 11. The vibration motor 13 is connected to the top end 122 of the spring 12 via a connecting plate 131. A vibration space 14 exists between the top of the vibration motor 13 and the inner top wall 111 of the housing 11. A cable passes through the housing 11 and is connected to the vibration motor 13. The guiding mechanism is connected to the vibration motor 13 and guides the vibration motor 13 to vibrate along the first direction. The vibration motor 13 is fixed to the spring 12 via the connecting plate 131. After power is applied, the vibration motor 13 vibrates up and down along the vertical first direction, causing the spring 12 to oscillate up and down at a fixed frequency. The spring 12 transmits its inherent frequency to the inner bottom wall 112 of the housing 11, thereby causing the entire housing 11 to vibrate up and down along the first direction. A vibration space 14 is provided between the top of the vibratory motor 13 and the inner top wall 111 of the housing 11 to prevent the vibratory motor 13 from touching the inner top wall 111 of the housing 11 and being damaged during vibration. Simultaneously, the maximum amplitude of the spring 12 itself is matched with the vibratory motor 13 and the vibration space 14 to ensure that the vibratory motor 13 does not touch the inner top wall 111 of the housing 11 during vibration. Furthermore, a guide mechanism connected to the vibratory motor 13 is provided within the vibration device 1 to guide the vibratory motor 13 to always vibrate up and down along a first direction without deviation, avoiding the impact of polarization on the resonance effect and preventing damage to the vibratory motor 13 due to prolonged polarization. It should be noted that the vibration frequency of the vibratory motor 13 is preset before being embedded in the rockfill dam 2, so the vibration frequency of the vibratory motors embedded in the rockfill dam 2 is set to the same frequency, for example, setting the vibration frequency of each vibratory motor 13 to 30 times per minute or 60 times per minute.

[0037] In one exemplary embodiment, reference is made to Figure 3 As shown, the shell 11 can be constructed as a regular hexahedron welded from steel plates with a length, width, and height of 0.5m each. The three adjacent edges of each hexahedron are arranged along a first direction, a second direction, and a third direction, respectively. The distance 'a' between any two adjacent hexahedrons along the first, second, and third directions is 20m. Inside each hexahedron, the bottom end 121 of the spring 12 is welded to the inner bottom wall 112, and the top end 122 is welded to the connecting plate 131. The vibration motor 13 is fixed to the upper surface of the connecting plate 131. The four inner sidewalls 114 of the hexahedron are respectively connected to the inner top wall 111 and the inner bottom wall 112. A through hole 113 is provided between the inner sidewall 114 and the outer sidewall 115 facing the downstream direction 21 of the rockfill dam for the cable of the vibration motor 13 to pass through. The power of the vibration motor 13 is 15KW, and the vibration space 14 is 20cm to 30cm along the first direction.

[0038] In the specific embodiments provided in this disclosure, the guiding mechanism includes at least two guide rods 15 extending along a first direction. The guide rods 15 slide through the connecting plate 131 and are connected between the inner bottom wall 112 and the inner top wall 111 of the housing 11. The vibration motor 13 is slidably connected between the outer ring formed by the at least two guide rods 15. The connecting plate 131 may have holes along the first direction through which the guide rods 15 pass. The vibration motor 13 is slidably connected to the guide rods 15 along the first direction and is confined between the outer ring formed by the at least two guide rods 15. Therefore, the vibration motor 13 can vibrate up and down along the first direction under the guidance of the guide rods 15. A slider 132 that slides with the guide rods 15 may also be provided on the vibration motor 13 to reduce the friction between the vibration motor 13 and the guide rods 15 and guide the vibration motor 13 to slide smoothly along the guide rods 15.

[0039] In addition to the guide rod 15 restricting the movement of the vibration motor 13 along the first direction, the spring 12 can also be sleeved on the outer ring formed by at least two guide rods 15 and slide in contact with the guide rods 15. That is, the outer walls of at least two guide rods 15 slide in contact with the inner ring of the spring 12. In this way, when the spring 12 vibrates up and down under the drive of the vibration motor 13, it can always maintain its extension and contraction along the first direction under the restriction and guidance of at least two guide rods 15, so as to drive the shell 11 to always maintain its vibration along the first direction, thereby ensuring that each vibration device 1 inside the rockfill dam 2 can vibrate stably along the first direction, thus obtaining a better resonance effect.

[0040] Among them, reference Figure 4 As shown, the slider 132 has a groove 1321 on the side facing away from the vibration motor 13, which slides and engages with the guide rod 15. In some embodiments, the vibration motor 13 has a first vibration side plate 133 and a second vibration side plate 134 extending in the first direction connected to opposite sides along the second or third direction. The slider 132 is provided on the side of the first vibration side plate 133 and the second vibration side plate 134 facing the housing 11, and the other side of the slider 132 away from the groove 1321 is welded to the first vibration side plate 133 or the second vibration side plate 134. The slider 132 can be constructed as a steel slider 132 with a concave arc-shaped groove 1321 on one side, and the guide rod 15 is constructed as a cylindrical steel rod. The arc surface of the groove 1321 is adapted to the outer peripheral surface of the guide rod 15. When the vibration motor 13 vibrates in the first direction, the slider 132 connected to the vibration motor 13 can vibrate in the first direction under the limiting engagement of the groove 1321 and the guide rod 15.

[0041] In addition, the vibration motor 13 may be provided with a plurality of sliders 132 arranged at intervals along the first direction for each guide rod 15. For example, sliders 132 may be provided on the upper and lower parts of the first vibration side plate 133 and the second vibration side plate 134 respectively, so as to improve the straightness of the vibration motor 13 when vibrating along the first direction and further improve the stability of vibration.

[0042] In the specific embodiments provided in this disclosure, reference is made to Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the housing 11 has a through hole 113 for the cable to pass through. The vibration device 1 also includes a telescopic sleeve 16. The cable passes through the telescopic sleeve 16 and the through hole 113 in sequence and is then connected to the vibration motor 13. One end of the telescopic sleeve 16 is fixed to the through hole 113, and the other end is fixed to the cable. As the density and compaction of the rockfill dam 2 gradually increase during settlement, the cable is fixed to the rockfill and cannot move. To prevent the cable connected to the housing 11 from being damaged by the vibration of the housing 11 when the housing 11 continues to vibrate, the cable connected to the housing 11 is guided through the telescopic sleeve 16 into the through hole 113 inside the housing 11. The telescopic nature of the telescopic sleeve 16 can protect the cable connected to the housing 11 so that it can work normally during vibration. The diameter of the through hole 113 is larger than the diameter of the cable to facilitate the cable's smooth insertion into the through hole 113 and relative displacement within it. One end of the telescopic sleeve 16 is fixedly connected to the through hole 113, and the other end is connected to the cable, so that the housing 11 forms a sealed cavity. The telescopic sleeve 16 can be a metal bellows expansion joint capable of compensating along the axial length of the pipe, or any other suitable telescopic sleeve; this disclosure does not specifically limit its application.

[0043] The vibration device 1 provided in this embodiment costs approximately 20,000 to 30,000 yuan. According to calculations, the additional equipment cost for a 200m high rockfill dam 2 is approximately 3 million yuan. By applying the system for accelerating the settlement of rockfill dams disclosed in this embodiment to the construction of rockfill dam 2, the settlement time of rockfill dam 2 can be shortened by more than 3 months, resulting in significant time and quality benefits.

[0044] The system for accelerating the settlement of rockfill dams provided in this embodiment involves laying 1m to 2m of rockfill material above each vibrating device 1 after it has been installed at the same height. The power is then turned on, and the vibrating device 1 vibrates at a set frequency. During the resonance process, a vibratory roller can be used to assist the vibrating device in compacting the already laid rockfill material. When the vibration frequency of the vibratory roller matches the frequency of the vibrating device, the resonance effect is further enhanced. Construction continues at the next height, and the above steps are repeated. When the rockfill dam 2 is fully constructed and the vibrating device has completed resonance, a density test is performed on the rockfill dam 2. If the density meets the standards, the cable extending from the downstream slope 21 of the rockfill dam can be cut, and the power supply removed.

[0045] The preferred embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of this disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0046] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, this disclosure will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0047] Furthermore, various different embodiments of this disclosure can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this disclosure, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in this disclosure.

Claims

1. A system for accelerating the settlement of rockfill dams, characterized in that, include: Multiple vibration devices are pre-embedded inside the rockfill dam. Each vibration device includes a housing and a vibration mechanism disposed inside the housing. The vibration mechanism drives the housing to vibrate. The multiple vibration devices have the same vibration frequency. A power supply is installed on the exterior of the downstream slope of the rockfill dam, and the power supply is electrically connected to the vibration mechanism of the vibration device via cables.

2. The system for accelerating the settlement of rockfill dams according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of vibration devices are respectively arranged at intervals along a vertical first direction, a horizontal second direction, and a horizontal third direction perpendicular to the second direction.

3. The system for accelerating the settlement of rockfill dams according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cable, at least the section buried within the rockfill dam, is wrapped with a protective layer.

4. The system for accelerating the settlement of rockfill dams according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vibration mechanism includes: A spring, the bottom end of which is connected to the inner bottom wall of the housing, and the top end of which extends toward the inner top wall of the housing; A vibration motor is connected to the top of the spring via a connecting plate. A vibration space exists between the top of the vibration motor and the inner top wall of the housing. A cable passes through the housing and connects to the vibration motor. A guiding mechanism, connected to the vibration motor, is used to guide the vibration motor to vibrate along the first direction.

5. The system for accelerating the settlement of rockfill dams according to claim 4, characterized in that, The guiding mechanism includes at least two guide rods that extend along a first direction. The guide rods slide through the connecting plate and are connected between the inner bottom wall and the inner top wall of the housing. The vibration motor is slidably connected between the outer ring formed by the at least two guide rods.

6. The system for accelerating the settlement of rockfill dams according to claim 5, characterized in that, The spring is sleeved on the outer ring formed by at least two guide rods and slides in contact with the guide rods. The vibration motor is provided with a slider that slides in cooperation with the guide rods.

7. The system for accelerating the settlement of rockfill dams according to claim 6, characterized in that, The slider has a groove on the side opposite to the vibration motor that slides with the guide rod.

8. The system for accelerating the settlement of rockfill dams according to claim 6, characterized in that, The vibration motor is provided with a plurality of sliders arranged at intervals along a first direction for each guide rod.

9. The system for accelerating the settlement of rockfill dams according to claim 4, characterized in that, The housing is provided with a through hole for the cable to pass through. The vibration device also includes a telescopic sleeve. The cable passes through the telescopic sleeve and the through hole in sequence and is then connected to the vibration motor. One end of the telescopic sleeve is fixed to the through hole, and the other end is fixed to the cable.

10. The system for accelerating the settlement of rockfill dams according to claim 9, characterized in that, The telescopic sleeve is a metal bellows expansion joint.

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