A while-drilling wall conditioning tool

Abstract

The application provides a while-drilling wall trimming tool, which comprises a connecting pipe body, a wall cutting part and a pushing part, wherein the pushing part is installed in the connecting pipe body and moves downward along the connecting pipe body when pressure is built up, the pushing part is provided with a rotating guide part; the wall cutting part comprises a cutting block, one end of the cutting block is hinged to the connecting pipe body, the other end of the cutting block is arranged on the rotating guide part, and the cutting block rotates and expands outward along the rotating guide part when the pushing part moves downward. The application has the advantages of realizing two-stage variable-diameter micro-hole expanding operation, effectively smoothing and trimming the wall, and reducing the time of through-hole operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of natural gas drilling, and more particularly to a wellbore dressing tool used during drilling. Background Technology

[0002] In oil and gas resource exploration and development, the drill string system, consisting of the drill bit, power drill string, and drill pipe, is currently the main means of oil and gas drilling operations. The rotary table drives the drill string to rotate, or the power drill string drives the drill bit to rotate, providing the drill bit with the energy to torsionally shear the rock. Because the drill string is a flexible string, it does not move in a circular motion along the wellbore centerline when rotating in the well; it exhibits eccentric oscillation. Furthermore, in directional and horizontal well drilling, curved-shell power drill strings are typically used. Based on these two points, the drill bit and drill string exhibit eccentricity and vortexing when rotating downhole, resulting in wellbores that are typically elliptical or spiral-shaped. The high frictional resistance experienced by the drill string during rotation and sliding in spiral or elliptical wellbores exacerbates wear and fatigue damage to the drill string.

[0003] In order to reduce the impact of irregular wellbore on drilling operations and subsequent logging and casing operations, the existing technology usually adopts two methods to solve the above problems: (1) During the drilling process, a centralizer is set in the drill string at the bottom of the drill string to ensure the wellbore quality requirements. However, the setting of the centralizer will increase drilling friction, affect the extension capacity of the drill string wellbore, and increase the risk of stuck pipe. It cannot be applied to all drilling conditions; (2) After drilling is completed, a combination of drill bit and multiple centralizers is used to ream and dredge the well. The drilling efficiency is low in the form of multiple well dredging. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a wellbore dressing tool that enables two-stage variable diameter micro-reaming operations, effectively smooths the wellbore, and reduces well cleaning operation time.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution proposed by this invention is as follows:

[0006] A drilling wall dressing tool includes a connecting pipe, a wall cutting component, and a pushing component. The pushing component is installed inside the connecting pipe and moves downward along the connecting pipe during pressurization. The pushing component is provided with a rotating guide. The wall cutting component includes a cutting block, one end of which is hinged to the connecting pipe and the other end rests on the rotating guide. The cutting block rotates outward along the rotating guide when the pushing component moves downward.

[0007] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0008] The pushing component is a moving shaft, and the rotating guide is a guide groove provided on the outer surface of the moving shaft. The depth of the guide groove gradually increases along the moving direction of the moving shaft. The rotating end of the cutting block is initially positioned at the maximum depth of the guide groove.

[0009] The wellbore cutting components are in at least two sets, and the wellbore cutting components are arranged along the axial direction of the connecting pipe body; the number of guide grooves is the same as the number of sets of wellbore cutting components, and the guide grooves correspond one-to-one with the wellbore cutting components.

[0010] Each group of well wall cutting components has multiple cutting blocks, which are arranged circumferentially along the connecting pipe body.

[0011] The cutting block includes a hinge area and a cutting area. The connecting pipe body is provided with a cutting block mounting hole, and the cutting block is installed in the cutting block mounting hole through the hinge area. The cutting surface of the cutting area is provided with cutting teeth.

[0012] The cutting teeth are cemented carbide teeth, and the outer surface of the cemented carbide teeth is higher than the outer surface of the connecting pipe.

[0013] The connecting pipe body has multiple spiral guide channels arranged circumferentially for drilling fluid and cuttings to pass through, and the cutting block mounting hole is located between adjacent spiral guide channels.

[0014] The movable shaft is confined within the connecting tube by a positioning element, which is sheared when the ball is thrown and compressed inside the tube.

[0015] A sealing component is provided between the moving shaft and the connecting pipe to prevent the medium from entering the tool. The sealing component and the positioning component are respectively located at the two ends of the moving shaft.

[0016] The upper end of the movable shaft is provided with a tapered mating surface that seals with the pressure ball.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] The wellbore dressing tool while drilling includes a connecting pipe, a wellbore cutting component, and a pushing component. The pushing component is installed inside the connecting pipe and has a rotating guide. The wellbore cutting component includes a cutting block, one end of which is hinged to the connecting pipe and the other end rests on the rotating guide. Its structure is simple and compact, occupying little space. When the drill string is loaded with balls and pressurized, the pushing component moves downward along the connecting pipe under the pressure inside the drill string. As the pushing component moves downward, the cutting block rotates outward along the rotating guide, enabling micro-reaming while drilling for micro-doglegs, irregular wellbores, and narrow-diameter sections to cut the wellbore. This smooths the wellbore without increasing the overall friction of the drill string, achieving wellbore dressing during drilling and reaming. This allows logging tools and casing running operations to be carried out smoothly, thereby extending the length of the drill string that can reach the horizontal section, reducing the time required for subsequent well completion operations, and improving drilling efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view (cutting block retracted state) of the wellbore dressing tool of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view (cutting block expansion state) of the wellbore dressing tool of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connecting tube of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cutting block of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the pushing component of the present invention.

[0025] The labels in the diagram represent:

[0026] 1. Connecting pipe body; 11. Cutting block mounting hole; 12. Spiral guide channel; 13. Upper connector; 14. Lower connector; 2. Well wall cutting component; 21. Cutting block; 211. Hinge area; 212. Cutting area; 213. Cutting teeth; 3. Pushing component; 31. Moving shaft; 311. Conical mating surface; 32. Rotating guide; 321. Guide groove; 4. Positioning component; 5. Sealing component. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the wellbore dressing tool of this embodiment includes a connecting pipe body 1, a wellbore cutting component 2, and a pushing component 3. The connecting pipe body 1 connects the drill pipe and the weighted drill pipe. Since the drill pipe is a tension component and the weighted drill pipe is a pressure-bearing component, the axial force between the drill pipe and the weighted drill pipe is small, effectively extending the tool's service life. The pushing component 3 is installed inside the connecting pipe body 1 and has a rotating guide part 32. The wellbore cutting component 2 includes a cutting block 21, one end of which is hinged to the connecting pipe body 1, and the other end rests on the rotating guide part 32. Its structure is simple and compact, occupying little space.

[0029] Simultaneously, when the drill string is being pressurized by ball insertion, the pushing component 3 moves downward along the connecting pipe 1 under the pressure inside the drill string. As the pushing component 3 moves downward, the cutting block 21 rotates outward along the rotating guide part 32, enabling micro-reaming during drilling for micro-dog legs, irregular wellbores, and narrow-diameter sections to cut the well wall. This smooths the well wall without increasing the overall friction of the drill string, allowing for well wall finishing during drilling and reaming processes. This facilitates the smooth implementation of logging tools and casing installation, thereby extending the length of the horizontal section that the drill string can reach, reducing the time required for subsequent well cleaning operations, and improving drilling completion efficiency.

[0030] like Figure 4 As shown, the pushing component 3 is a moving shaft 31; the rotating guide part 32 is a guide groove 321, which is located on the outer surface of the moving shaft 31. The depth of the guide groove 321 gradually increases along the moving direction of the moving shaft 31; the rotating end of the well wall cutting component 2 is initially positioned at the maximum depth of the guide groove 321. When the connecting pipe 1 moves downward, the rotating end of the cutting block 21 moves from the maximum depth position of the guide groove 321 to the minimum depth position, thereby pushing the cutting block 21 to rotate outward and achieve well wall cutting.

[0031] In this embodiment, there are two sets of wellwall cutting components 2, arranged axially along the connecting pipe body 1. Simultaneously, there are two annular guide grooves 321, each corresponding to one set of wellwall cutting components 2, to allow the cutting blocks 21 of each set of wellwall cutting components 2 to expand outwards simultaneously. In other embodiments, the number of wellwall cutting components 2 can be adjusted according to actual conditions, such as three or four sets, with the wellwall cutting components 2 arranged axially along the connecting pipe body 1, and the number of guide grooves 321 being the same as the number of sets of wellwall cutting components 2.

[0032] Meanwhile, each group of well wall cutting components 2 has three cutting blocks 21, which are arranged circumferentially along the connecting pipe body 1 to achieve overall circumferential cutting of the well wall. In other embodiments, the number of cutting blocks 21 in each group of well wall cutting components 2 can be adjusted according to actual conditions, such as four or five.

[0033] like Figure 4 As shown, the cutting block 21 includes a hinge area 211 and a cutting area 212. The connecting pipe body 1 has a cutting block mounting hole 11, and the cutting block 21 is mounted in the cutting block mounting hole 11 through the hinge area 211. Cutting teeth 213 are provided on the cutting surface of the cutting area 212. In this embodiment, the cutting teeth 213 are carbide teeth, and the outer surface of the carbide teeth is higher than the outer surface of the connecting pipe body 1 to ensure the wellbore cutting effect.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, the connecting pipe body 1 has multiple spiral guide channels 12 arranged circumferentially to allow drilling fluid and cuttings to pass through; the cutting block mounting holes 11 are located between adjacent spiral guide channels 12. This ensures the discharge of drilling fluid and cuttings while achieving a compact and reasonable layout of the wellbore cutting components 2.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the movable shaft 31 is confined within the connecting pipe 1 by a positioning element 4, which shears off when a ball is thrown and pressurized inside the pipe. Simultaneously, a sealing component 5 is provided between the movable shaft 31 and the connecting pipe 1 to prevent the medium from entering the tool's interior. Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the sealing component 5 and the positioning component 4 are respectively located at the two ends of the moving shaft 31, and its structure is simple and its layout is reasonable.

[0036] In this embodiment, the upper end of the moving shaft 31 is provided with a tapered mating surface 311, which is sealed with a pressure-sealing ball to achieve internal pressure sealing of the drill string, ensuring reliable downward movement of the moving shaft 31 and realizing two-stage variable diameter micro-reaming operation. In this embodiment, the two ends of the connecting pipe 1 are provided with an upper connector 13 and a lower connector 14. The upper connector 13 is a female thread for connecting with the drill pipe; the lower connector 14 is a male thread for connecting with the weighted drill pipe.

[0037] In this embodiment, the installation and operation method of the drilling wall dressing tool is as follows:

[0038] (1) As the drilling wall dressing tool is assembled, the moving shaft 31 is installed into the connecting pipe body 1 and limited by the positioning piece 4. Then, the cutting teeth 213 are installed in the cutting block mounting hole 11 of the connecting pipe body 1.

[0039] (2) Install the connecting pipe 1 between the weighted drill rod and the drill rod;

[0040] (3) During the drilling process, as the drilling wall dressing tool rotates with the drill string, it can perform micro-reaming operations on the well wall while straightening the drill string to make it position in the middle of the well. This achieves micro-cutting of the well wall and increases the smoothness of the well wall.

[0041] (4) Diameter reduction and secondary reaming: After drilling to the predetermined well depth, the cutting block 21 can be expanded outward by 2-4 mm by dropping balls to further refine the well wall. Specifically:

[0042] A pressure ball is inserted into the drill string and falls on the tapered mating surface 311 of the moving shaft 31. At this time, the drill string is pressured, and the moving shaft 31 moves down along the connecting pipe 1 when the positioning part 4 is pressured and sheared. At this time, the guide groove 321 pushes the cutting block 21 to expand outward. When the moving shaft 31 moves down to the bottom, the cutting block 21 expands outward to the maximum extent. At this time, the outer surface of the moving shaft 31 contacts the cutting block 21, restricting the cutting block 21 from retracting.

[0043] (5) Repeat the micro-reaming operation of the rotating drill string in steps (3) and (4) to achieve the purpose of smoothing the wellbore.

[0044] Although the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications can be made and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A wellbore dressing tool used during drilling, characterized in that, The wellbore system includes a connecting pipe body, a wellbore cutting component, and a pushing component. The pushing component is installed inside the connecting pipe body and moves downwards along the connecting pipe body during pressurization. The pushing component has a rotating guide. The wellbore cutting component includes a cutting block, one end of which is hinged to the connecting pipe body, and the other end rests on the rotating guide. The connecting pipe body has cutting block mounting holes. Multiple spiral flow channels for drilling fluid and cuttings are arranged circumferentially on the connecting pipe body. The cutting block mounting holes are located between adjacent spiral flow channels and are used to install the wellbore cutting component. At least two sets of wellbore cutting components are provided and arranged axially along the connecting pipe body. The cutting block rotates outwards along the rotating guide when the pushing component moves downwards. The pushing component is a moving shaft, and the rotating guide is a guide groove provided on the outer surface of the moving shaft. The guide groove is an annular guide groove so as to correspond to each group of well wall cutting components.

2. The wellbore dressing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The depth of the guide groove gradually increases along the moving direction of the moving shaft; the rotating end of the cutting block is initially positioned at the maximum depth of the guide groove.

3. The wellbore dressing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wellbore cutting components are in at least two sets, and the wellbore cutting components are arranged along the axial direction of the connecting pipe body; the number of guide grooves is the same as the number of sets of wellbore cutting components, and the guide grooves correspond one-to-one with the wellbore cutting components.

4. The wellbore dressing tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each group of well wall cutting components has multiple cutting blocks, which are arranged circumferentially along the connecting pipe body.

5. The wellbore dressing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The cutting block includes a hinge area and a cutting area. The cutting block is installed in the cutting block mounting hole through the hinge area. Cutting teeth are provided on the cutting surface of the cutting area.

6. The wellbore dressing tool according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cutting teeth are cemented carbide teeth, and the outer surface of the cemented carbide teeth is higher than the outer surface of the connecting pipe.

7. The wellbore dressing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The movable shaft is confined within the connecting tube by a positioning element, which is sheared when the ball is thrown and compressed inside the tube.

8. The wellbore dressing tool according to claim 7, characterized in that, A sealing component is provided between the moving shaft and the connecting pipe to prevent the medium from entering the tool. The sealing component and the positioning component are respectively located at the two ends of the moving shaft.

9. The wellbore dressing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The upper end of the movable shaft is provided with a tapered mating surface that seals with the pressure ball.

Images