Optical pulse modulation device and coherent Ising machine

Abstract

This invention provides an optical pulse modulation device and a coherent Ising machine. The optical pulse modulation device includes a controller and an injector; the injector has n waveguides and at least one injection module, where n is a natural number greater than 1; the n waveguides pass through the injection module; the controller is connected to multiple waveguides in the injection module to control the connected waveguides, thereby modulating the intensity and / or phase of the pulses in the waveguides, and ensuring that a predetermined proportion of pulses from each waveguide in the injector are injected into the other n-1 waveguides. This invention enables the mutual injection of multiple input pulses and the modulation of the intensity and / or phase of the mutual injection of multiple input pulses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of data computing technology, and in particular to an optical pulse modulation device and a coherent Ising machine based on the optical pulse modulation device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, many cutting-edge technology fields require the modulation of optical pulses to achieve corresponding technical objectives.

[0003] For example, in the field of computer technology, since NP-complete problems are limited by computing power and cannot obtain an exact solution within an effective time, existing technologies have proposed algorithms designed using the coherent Ising model to solve problems such as maximum cut.

[0004] In existing technologies, the commonly used coherent Ising machine mode utilizes an optical fiber ring structure to inject optical pulses into the optical fiber ring for cyclic resonance. During computation, the pulses are derived, measurement feedback is performed, and the injection is controlled to construct the coherent Ising network and complete the computation.

[0005] In the above process, multiple optical pulses are typically injected into the fiber optic loop separately. However, existing optical pulse injection methods are cumbersome, inefficient, and cannot effectively control the intensity and / or phase of the mutual injection of multiple input pulses. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides an optical pulse modulation device that enables the mutual injection of multiple input pulses and modulates the intensity and / or phase of the mutual injection of multiple input pulses.

[0007] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows:

[0008] An optical pulse modulation device includes: a controller and an injector;

[0009] The injector is provided with n waveguides and at least one injection module, where n is a natural number greater than 1;

[0010] The n waveguides pass through the injection module; the controller is connected to multiple waveguides in the injection module to control the connected waveguides, modulate the intensity and / or phase of the pulses in the waveguides, and ensure that each waveguide in the injector has a preset proportion of pulses injected into the other n-1 waveguides.

[0011] Preferably, the injector is provided with n (n-1) injection modules;

[0012] The n (n-1) injection modules are connected in series, and the n waveguides pass through the n (n-1) injection modules in sequence; there are 2 waveguides connected in each injection module;

[0013] The controller is connected to two waveguides in each injection module and controls the two waveguides to modulate the intensity and / or phase of the pulses in the waveguides, so that in each injection module, a preset proportion of pulses from one of the two waveguides is injected into the other waveguide.

[0014] Preferably, when n is 2:

[0015] The injector is provided with a first waveguide and a second waveguide, as well as a first injection module and a second injection module;

[0016] The first injection module and the second injection module are connected in series, and the first waveguide and the second waveguide pass through the first injection module and the second injection module in sequence.

[0017] In the first injection module, a branch of the first waveguide is connected to the second waveguide to inject a preset proportion of pulses from the first waveguide into the second waveguide;

[0018] In the second injection module, a branch of the second waveguide is connected to the first waveguide to inject a preset proportion of pulses from the second waveguide into the first waveguide.

[0019] Ideally, when n is 4:

[0020] The injector is equipped with 4 waveguides and 12 injection modules;

[0021] The 12 injection modules are connected in series, and the 4 waveguides pass through the 12 injection modules in sequence. Each injection module has 2 waveguides connected to it. The controller is connected to the 2 waveguides connected to each injection module and is used to control the 2 waveguides to modulate the intensity and / or phase of the pulses in the waveguides, so that in each injection module, a preset proportion of pulses from one of the 2 waveguides connected to it is injected into the other waveguide.

[0022] Preferably, the injector is provided with one injection module;

[0023] The n waveguides pass through the injection module; the controller is connected to the n waveguides in the injection module respectively, and is used to control the connected n waveguides to modulate the intensity and / or phase of the pulses in the waveguides, so that in the injection module, a preset proportion of pulses in each waveguide is injected into the other n-1 waveguides respectively.

[0024] Preferably, when n is 2:

[0025] The injector is provided with a first waveguide, a second waveguide, and an injection module;

[0026] The first waveguide and the second waveguide pass through the injection module. A branch of the first waveguide is connected to the second waveguide, and a branch of the second waveguide is connected to the first waveguide. The controller is connected to the first waveguide and the second waveguide in the injection module respectively, and is used to control the first waveguide and the second waveguide to modulate the intensity and / or phase of the pulse in the waveguide, so that a preset proportion of pulses in each waveguide is injected into the other waveguide.

[0027] Ideally, when n is 4:

[0028] The injector is equipped with four waveguides and one injection module;

[0029] The four waveguides pass through the injection module, and the controller is connected to the four waveguides in the injection module respectively to control the four waveguides to modulate the intensity and / or phase of the pulses in the waveguides, and to inject a preset proportion of pulses in each waveguide into the other three waveguides respectively.

[0030] Preferably, the controller modulates the intensity and / or phase of the pulse in the waveguide by changing the refractive index of the waveguide.

[0031] Preferably, the preset ratio is 10%.

[0032] The present invention also proposes a coherent Ising machine based on an optical pulse modulation device, the coherent Ising machine comprising: a laser, a first coupler, a first converter, a second coupler, a second converter, a third coupler, a first delay unit, a second delay unit, a zero-difference frequency detector, and the aforementioned optical pulse modulation device;

[0033] The laser is used to output a first pulse laser having a first wavelength;

[0034] The first coupler is used to split the first pulsed laser into two pulsed lasers; one pulsed laser is output to the first converter; and the other pulsed laser is output to the zero-difference frequency detector.

[0035] The first converter is used to convert the received pulsed laser into a second pulsed laser with a second wavelength and output it to the second coupler;

[0036] The second coupler is used to output the received pulsed laser to the second converter;

[0037] The second converter is used to convert the received pulsed laser into a third pulsed laser with a first wavelength and output it to the third coupler;

[0038] The third coupler is used to split the received third pulse laser into two pulse lasers; one pulse laser is output to the first delay unit through a ring resonator; the other pulse laser is output to the zero-difference frequency detector.

[0039] The first delay unit is used to delay the received pulsed laser according to a preset delay strategy and then output it to each input terminal of the optical pulse modulation device.

[0040] The optical pulse modulation device is used to modulate the pulsed laser received at each input terminal and output the modulated pulsed laser to the second delay unit through each output terminal;

[0041] The second delay unit is used to delay the received pulsed laser according to a preset delay strategy and then output them to the second coupler.

[0042] The zero-difference frequency detector is used to perform balanced zero-difference measurement based on the received pulsed laser, read the phase information of each pulsed laser, and obtain the corresponding calculation results.

[0043] Preferably, the coherent Ising machine further includes: an amplifier;

[0044] The amplifier is positioned between the laser and the first coupler to amplify the first pulse laser output from the laser.

[0045] Preferably, the amplifier is an erbium-doped fiber amplifier.

[0046] Preferably, the coherent Ising machine further includes: an optical fiber coil;

[0047] The fiber optic coil is disposed between the third coupler and the first delayer, and is used to delay the received pulsed laser according to a preset delay strategy.

[0048] Preferably, the first converter and the second converter are periodically polarized lithium niobate crystals.

[0049] Preferably, the controller is a field-programmable gate array (FPGA).

[0050] Preferably, the first wavelength is 1560 nanometers and the second wavelength is 780 nanometers.

[0051] Preferably, the ring resonator is an optical fiber.

[0052] As can be seen above, in the optical pulse modulation device of the present invention, a controller and an injector are provided, and multiple waveguides and at least one injection module are provided in the injector. The controller controls the waveguides in the injection module to modulate the intensity and / or phase of the pulses in the waveguides, so that each waveguide in the injector has a preset proportion of pulses injected into the other n-1 waveguides respectively. This can effectively modulate the intensity and / or phase of each pulse and realize the mutual injection between multiple input pulses.

[0053] Furthermore, in the coherent Ising machine of the present invention, since the above-mentioned optical pulse modulation device is introduced, and the mutual injection between multiple pulses in the coherent Ising machine is completed through the optical pulse modulation device to construct a fully optical coherent Ising network, it is not necessary to measure the phase of the optical pulse during the calculation process. Instead, the intensity and phase of mutual injection between different pulses on the optical chip can be controlled by the controller (for example, by programming) to achieve fully optical coherent injection and complete the calculation of the Ising network.

[0054] Therefore, the coherent Ising machine based on an optical pulse modulation device in this invention is programmable and integrable; moreover, since all-optical mutual injection can be achieved by using a programmable optical chip, no measurement feedback and control injection are required during the entire calculation process, thereby effectively eliminating the noise introduced by measurement to the optical quantum system, while also reducing the power consumption of photoelectric / electro-optical conversion caused by measurement and control. Attached Figure Description

[0055] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the optical pulse modulation device in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the mutual injection of optical pulses in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the optical pulse modulation device in a specific embodiment two of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the mutual injection of optical pulses in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the first injection module in a specific embodiment two of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the second injection module in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the third injection module in a specific embodiment two of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the optical pulse modulation device in a specific embodiment three of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the optical pulse modulation device in specific embodiment four of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the coherent Ising machine in a specific embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0065] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0066] In the technical solution of the present invention, an optical pulse modulation device is provided, which can modulate the intensity and / or phase of multiple input pulses injected into each other.

[0067] For example, as an example, in one specific embodiment of this application, the optical pulse modulation device includes: a controller and an injector;

[0068] The injector is provided with n waveguides and at least one injection module, where n is a natural number greater than 1;

[0069] The n waveguides pass through the injection module; the controller is connected to multiple waveguides in the injection module to control the connected waveguides, modulate the intensity and / or phase of the pulses in the waveguides, and ensure that each waveguide in the injector has a preset proportion of pulses injected into the other n-1 waveguides.

[0070] Therefore, the above-mentioned optical pulse modulation device can be used to modulate the intensity and / or phase of each pulse, thereby enabling the mutual injection of n input pulses.

[0071] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below through various specific embodiments.

[0072] For example, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, one or more injection modules can be set in the injector according to the needs of the actual application scenario to complete the mutual injection of n input pulses.

[0073] For example, in one specific embodiment of the present invention, the injector may be provided with n waveguides and n (n-1) injection modules;

[0074] The n (n-1) injection modules are connected in series, and the n waveguides pass through the n (n-1) injection modules in sequence. There are two waveguides connected in each injection module. The controller is connected to the two waveguides connected in each injection module to control the two waveguides connected to it, so as to modulate the intensity and / or phase of the pulse in the waveguide, and so that in each injection module, a preset proportion of the pulse (i.e. a portion of the pulse) in one of the two waveguides connected to it is injected into the other waveguide.

[0075] Specific Implementation Example 1: n=2, n input pulses, n waveguides, n(n-1) injection modules.

[0076] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the optical pulse modulation device in a specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the mutual injection of optical pulses in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0077] like Figure 1 As shown, in this specific embodiment, the optical pulse modulation device includes: a controller 101 and an injector 102;

[0078] The injector 102 is provided with two waveguides (for example, Figure 1 The first and second waveguides shown) and two injection modules (e.g., Figure 1 The first injection module 103 and the second injection module 104 shown in the figure.

[0079] The two injection modules are connected in series, and the two waveguides pass through the two injection modules in sequence. The two waveguides in each injection module are connected. The controller 101 is connected to the two waveguides in each injection module to control the two waveguides, so as to modulate the intensity and / or phase of the pulses in the waveguides, and so that in each injection module, a preset proportion of the pulses (i.e. a portion of the pulses) in one of the two waveguides is injected into the other waveguide.

[0080] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, in this specific embodiment, the first injection module 103 and the second injection module 104 are connected in series, and the first waveguide and the second waveguide pass through the first injection module 103 and the second injection module 104 in sequence. In the above-mentioned first injection module 103 and second injection module 104, the first waveguide and the second waveguide are connected.

[0081] For example, in the first injection module 103, a branch of the first waveguide (i.e., a branch extending from the first waveguide) can be connected to the second waveguide, and the branch of the first waveguide can be used to inject a portion of the pulse in the first waveguide into the second waveguide; while in the second injection module 104, a branch of the second waveguide (i.e., a branch extending from the second waveguide) can be connected to the first waveguide, and the branch of the second waveguide can be used to inject a portion of the pulse in the second waveguide into the first waveguide.

[0082] In this specific embodiment, the injector 102 has two inputs (e.g., input pulse 1 and input pulse 2) and two outputs (e.g., output pulse 1 and output pulse 2). Therefore, the controller 101 described above can modulate the intensity and / or phase of the phase injection between the two input pulses by controlling the two waveguides in each injection module of the injector.

[0083] For example, when input pulse 1 and input pulse 2 enter the first injection module through their respective first and second waveguides, the controller can control the waveguides in the first injection module (for example, the control may include, but is not limited to, changing the refractive index of a segment of the waveguide; for instance, this could be achieved by changing the refractive index of a branch of the first waveguide through temperature and / or voltage), modulating the intensity and / or phase of the pulses in the waveguides, so that a portion of the pulses in the first waveguide (i.e., a portion of input pulse 1) can be injected into the pulses in the second waveguide (i.e., input pulse 2) through a branch of the first waveguide. The function of the first injection module described above can be... Figure 2 The first arrow (the downward arrow) is used to represent this.

[0084] In the second injection module, the controller can control the waveguide within it (e.g., by changing the refractive index of a branch of the second waveguide), modulating the intensity and / or phase of the pulses in the waveguide, so that a portion of the pulses in the second waveguide can be injected into the pulses in the first waveguide. The function of the second injection module described above can be used... Figure 2 The second arrow (the upward arrow) in the diagram is used to represent this.

[0085] After the above injection process is completed, the two pulses output by the second injection module can be used as output pulse 1 and output pulse 2. Output pulse 1 contains components of both input pulse 1 and input pulse 2. Output pulse 2 also contains components of both input pulse 1 and input pulse 2.

[0086] Therefore, the optical pulse modulation device described in this specific embodiment can be used to modulate the intensity and / or phase of two input pulses injected into each other.

[0087] In addition, in this specific embodiment, the proportion of pulses in the branch to pulses in the original waveguide can be preset according to the actual application requirements.

[0088] For example, as an example, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the preset ratio may be 10%.

[0089] For example, when the preset ratio is 10%, then in Figure 1 In the first injection module shown, 10% of the input pulse 1 in the first waveguide will be injected into the second waveguide through the branch of the first waveguide, while 90% of the input pulse 1 in the first waveguide will continue to be output from the first injection module along the first waveguide.

[0090] Similarly, in Figure 1 In the second injection module shown, 10% of the pulses in the second waveguide will be injected into the first waveguide through the branches of the second waveguide, while 90% of the input pulses in the second waveguide will continue to be output from the second injection module along the second waveguide.

[0091] Furthermore, in the technical solution of the present invention, a preset proportion of pulses can be separated from the original pulses in a variety of ways.

[0092] For example, as an example, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, a beam splitter can be provided at the connection between the waveguide and the waveguide branch. The beam splitter can split a pulse into two pulses, and the ratio of one of the pulses to the original pulse is a preset ratio (e.g., 10%, or other preset ratio value).

[0093] Specific Implementation Example 2: n=4, n input pulses, n waveguides, n(n-1) injection modules.

[0094] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the optical pulse modulation device in a specific embodiment two of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the mutual injection of optical pulses in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0095] The specific structure of the optical pulse modulation device in this specific embodiment two is similar to... Figure 1 The optical pulse modulation devices in the specific embodiment shown are similar in structure, with the main difference being the number of waveguides and injection modules.

[0096] like Figure 3 As shown, in this specific embodiment, the optical pulse modulation device includes: a controller 301 and an injector 302;

[0097] The injector 302 is provided with four waveguides (for example, Figure 3The first, second, third, and fourth waveguides shown) and 12 injection modules (e.g., Figure 3 The first to twelfth injection modules shown in the diagram.

[0098] The 12 injection modules are connected in series, and the 4 waveguides pass through the 12 injection modules in sequence. Each injection module has 2 waveguides connected to it. The controller 301 is connected to the 2 waveguides connected to each injection module and is used to control the 2 waveguides connected to it to modulate the intensity and / or phase of the pulses in the waveguides, so that in each injection module, a preset proportion of the pulses (i.e., a portion of the pulses) in one of the 2 waveguides connected to it is injected into the other waveguide.

[0099] In this specific embodiment, the injector 302 has 4 inputs (e.g., input pulses 1 to 4) and 4 outputs (e.g., output pulses 1 to 4). Therefore, the controller 301 described above can modulate the intensity and / or phase of the mutual injection between the 4 input pulses by controlling the 2 waveguides in each injection module of the injector.

[0100] For example, such as Figure 5 As shown, in the first injection module, a branch of the first waveguide (i.e., a branch extending from the first waveguide) can be connected to the second waveguide, while the third and fourth waveguides are not connected to any other waveguides. The branch of the first waveguide can be used to inject a portion of the pulse from the first waveguide into the second waveguide. The controller 301 is connected to both the first and second waveguides in the first injection module.

[0101] When input pulse 1 and input pulse 2 enter the first injection module through their respective first and second waveguides, the controller can control the waveguides in the first injection module (e.g., by changing the refractive index of the branches of the first waveguide) to modulate the intensity and / or phase of the pulses in the waveguides. This allows a portion of the pulses in the first waveguide (i.e., a preset proportion of input pulse 1) to be injected into the pulses in the second waveguide (i.e., input pulse 2) through the branches of the first waveguide. The function of the first injection module described above can be used... Figure 4 The first arrow from the left in the diagram is used to indicate this.

[0102] In the second injection module, such as Figure 6 As shown, a branch of the first waveguide (i.e., a branch extending from the first waveguide) can be connected to the third waveguide, while the second and fourth waveguides are not connected to any other waveguides. This branch of the first waveguide can be used to inject a portion of the pulse from the first waveguide into the third waveguide.

[0103] Similarly, when the two pulses enter the second injection module through the corresponding first and third waveguides respectively, the controller can control the waveguides in the second injection module (for example, by changing the refractive index of the branch of the first waveguide) to modulate the intensity and / or phase of the pulses in the waveguides, so that a portion of the pulses in the first waveguide (i.e., a preset proportion of pulses in the first waveguide) can be injected into the pulses in the third waveguide (i.e., input pulse 3) through the branch of the first waveguide. The function of the second injection module described above can be used as follows: Figure 4 The second arrow from the left in the diagram is used to indicate this.

[0104] In the third injection module, such as Figure 7 As shown, a branch of the first waveguide (i.e., a branch extending from the first waveguide) can be connected to the fourth waveguide, while the second and third waveguides are not connected to any other waveguides. This branch of the first waveguide can be used to inject a portion of the pulse from the first waveguide into the fourth waveguide.

[0105] Similarly, after the two pulse beams enter the third injection module through the corresponding first and fourth waveguides respectively, the controller can control the waveguides in the third injection module (for example, by changing the refractive index of the branch of the first waveguide) to modulate the intensity and / or phase of the pulses in the waveguides, so that a portion of the pulses in the first waveguide (i.e., a preset proportion of pulses in the first waveguide) can be injected into the pulses in the fourth waveguide (i.e., input pulse 4) through the branch of the first waveguide. The function of the third injection module described above can be used as follows: Figure 4 The third arrow from the left in the diagram is used to indicate this.

[0106] Therefore, it can be seen that through the first injection module, the second injection module and the third injection module mentioned above, a portion of the input pulse 1 can be injected into the input pulses 2, 3 and 4 respectively.

[0107] Similarly, a portion of input pulse 2 can also be injected into input pulses 1, 3, and 4 respectively through the fourth to sixth injection modules using a similar injection method. The specific implementation details will not be elaborated here.

[0108] The functions of the fourth to sixth injection modules can be respectively used as Figure 4 The fourth to sixth arrows from the left are used to indicate this.

[0109] Similarly, a portion of input pulse 3 can also be injected into input pulses 1, 2, and 4 respectively through the seventh to ninth injection modules using a similar injection method described above. The specific implementation details will not be elaborated here.

[0110] The functions of the seventh to ninth injection modules can be respectively used as Figure 4 The seventh to ninth arrows from the left are used to indicate this.

[0111] Similarly, a portion of input pulse 4 can also be injected into input pulses 1, 2, and 3 respectively through the tenth to twelfth injection modules using a similar injection method described above. The specific implementation details will not be elaborated here.

[0112] The functions of the tenth to twelfth injection modules can be respectively used as Figure 4 The tenth to twelfth arrows from the left are used to indicate this.

[0113] After the above injection process is completed, the four pulses output by the last injection module (e.g., the twelfth injection module) can be used as output pulses 1 to 4; wherein each of the four output pulses contains a portion of the input pulses 1 to 4.

[0114] Therefore, the optical pulse modulation device described in this specific embodiment can be used to modulate the intensity and / or phase of the four input pulses injected into each other.

[0115] In addition, in this second specific embodiment, the proportion of pulses in the branch to pulses in the original waveguide can be preset according to the needs of actual application. The specific implementation method is basically the same as that in the first specific embodiment, so it will not be described again here.

[0116] In the above-described specific embodiments one and two, the injector is provided with n waveguides and n (n-1) injection modules.

[0117] Alternatively, in the technical solution of the present invention, n waveguides and one injection module can be provided in the injector;

[0118] The n waveguides pass through the injection module; the controller is connected to the n waveguides in the injection module respectively, and is used to control the connected n waveguides to modulate the intensity and / or phase of the pulses in the waveguides, so that in the injection module, a preset proportion of pulses in each waveguide is injected into the other n-1 waveguides respectively.

[0119] Specific Implementation Example 3: n=2, n input pulses, n waveguides, 1 injection module.

[0120] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the optical pulse modulation device in a specific embodiment three of the present invention.

[0121] like Figure 8 As shown, in this specific embodiment, the optical pulse modulation device includes: a controller 801 and an injector 802;

[0122] The injector 802 is provided with two waveguides (for example, Figure 8The first and second waveguides shown) and one injection module (e.g., Figure 8 The first injection module 803 shown in the figure.

[0123] The two waveguides pass through the injection module. The controller 801 is connected to the two waveguides in the injection module respectively to control the two waveguides to modulate the intensity and / or phase of the pulses in the waveguides, and to inject a preset proportion of pulses (i.e. a portion of the pulses) in each waveguide into the other waveguide.

[0124] In this specific embodiment, the injector 802 has two inputs and two outputs. Therefore, the controller 801 can modulate the intensity and / or phase of the mutual injection between the two input pulses by controlling the two waveguides in the injection module of the injector.

[0125] For example, such as Figure 8 As shown, in the first injection module, a branch of the first waveguide (i.e., a branch extending from the first waveguide) is connected to the second waveguide, and a branch of the second waveguide (i.e., a branch extending from the second waveguide) is connected to the first waveguide. The branch of the first waveguide can be used to inject a portion of the pulse from the first waveguide into the second waveguide, and the branch of the second waveguide can be used to inject a portion of the pulse from the second waveguide into the first waveguide. The controller 801 is connected to both the first and second waveguides.

[0126] When input pulse 1 and input pulse 2 enter the first injection module through the corresponding first waveguide and second waveguide respectively, the controller can control the waveguides in the first injection module (for example, by changing the refractive index of the branches of the first waveguide and / or the branches of the second waveguide) to modulate the intensity and / or phase of the pulses in the waveguides, so that a portion of the pulses in the first waveguide (i.e., the preset proportion of input pulse 1) can be injected into the pulses in the second waveguide (i.e., input pulse 2) through the branches of the first waveguide, and a portion of the pulses in the second waveguide (i.e., the preset proportion of input pulse 2) can be injected into the pulses in the first waveguide (i.e., input pulse 1) through the branches of the second waveguide.

[0127] After the above injection process is completed, the two pulses output by the first injection module can be used as output pulse 1 and output pulse 2. Output pulse 1 contains components of both input pulse 1 and input pulse 2. Output pulse 2 also contains components of both input pulse 1 and input pulse 2.

[0128] Therefore, the optical pulse modulation device described in this specific embodiment can be used to modulate the intensity and / or phase of two input pulses injected into each other.

[0129] In addition, in this specific embodiment three, the proportion of pulses in the branch to pulses in the original waveguide can be preset according to the needs of actual application. The specific implementation method is basically the same as that in specific embodiment one, so it will not be described again here.

[0130] Specific Implementation Example 4: n=4, n input pulses, n waveguides, 1 injection module.

[0131] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the optical pulse modulation device in specific embodiment four of the present invention.

[0132] like Figure 9 As shown, in this specific embodiment, the optical pulse modulation device includes: a controller 901 and an injector 902;

[0133] The injector 902 is provided with four waveguides (for example, Figure 9 The first, second, third, and fourth waveguides shown) and one injection module (e.g., Figure 9 The first injection module 903 shown in the figure.

[0134] The four waveguides pass through the injection module. The controller 901 is connected to the four waveguides in the injection module to control the four waveguides to modulate the intensity and / or phase of the pulses in the waveguides, and to inject a preset proportion of pulses (i.e. a portion of the pulses) from each waveguide into the other three waveguides.

[0135] For example, in this specific embodiment, four waveguides pass through the injection module. In the injection module, each waveguide has three branches that connect to three other waveguides, and each branch of the waveguide is connected to the controller 901.

[0136] In this specific embodiment, the injector 902 has 4 inputs (e.g., input pulses 1 to 4) and 4 outputs (e.g., output pulses 1 to 4). Therefore, the controller 901 described above can modulate the intensity and / or phase of the mutual injection between the 4 input pulses by controlling the 4 waveguides in the injection module of the injector.

[0137] For example, such as Figure 9 As shown, in the first injection module 903, the three branches of the first waveguide (i.e., the three branches branching off from the first waveguide) are connected to the second waveguide, the third waveguide and the fourth waveguide respectively. The three branches of the first waveguide can be used to inject a portion of the pulse in the first waveguide into the second waveguide, the third waveguide and the fourth waveguide respectively.

[0138] Similarly, the three branches of the second waveguide are connected to the first, third, and fourth waveguides, respectively; the three branches of the third waveguide are connected to the first, second, and fourth waveguides, respectively; and the three branches of the fourth waveguide are connected to the first, second, and third waveguides, respectively.

[0139] Therefore, when the output pulses 1 to 4 enter the first injection module through the corresponding first to fourth waveguides, the controller can control the waveguides in the first injection module (for example, by changing the refractive index of the branches of each waveguide) to modulate the intensity and / or phase of the pulses in the waveguides, so that a portion of the pulses in each waveguide (i.e., a preset proportion of pulses) can be injected into the pulses in the other three waveguides through their branches.

[0140] After the above injection process is completed, the four pulses output by the first injection module can be used as output pulses 1 to 4; wherein each of the four output pulses contains a portion of the input pulses 1 to 4.

[0141] Therefore, the optical pulse modulation device described in this specific embodiment can be used to modulate the intensity and / or phase of the four input pulses injected into each other.

[0142] In addition, in this fourth specific embodiment, the proportion of pulses in the branch to pulses in the original waveguide can be preset according to the needs of actual application. The specific implementation method is basically the same as that in the first specific embodiment, so it will not be described again here.

[0143] As can be seen from the above description, in the technical solution of the present invention, the above-described optical pulse modulation device can be used to realize the mutual injection of multiple input pulses and modulate the intensity and / or phase of the mutual injection of multiple input pulses.

[0144] Therefore, the optical pulse modulation device described above in this invention can be applied to various technical fields. For example, it can be applied to the field of data computing.

[0145] In existing technologies, the existing coherent Ising machine mode usually uses degenerate parametric oscillations in nonlinear optics to generate optical frequency pulses. Then, using an optical fiber ring structure, the optical pulses are injected into the optical fiber ring for cyclic resonance. The interaction between the optical pulses is realized by the measurement feedback injection mechanism. During the calculation, the pulses are derived, measurement feedback is performed, and the injection is controlled to construct the coherent Ising network and complete the calculation, thereby completing calculation processes such as the maximum cut problem.

[0146] However, the above calculation process requires measurement feedback and control injection, and the measurement operation will introduce additional noise into the photonic quantum system. Moreover, measurement feedback and control injection will also cause power consumption problems in photoelectric / electro-optical conversion.

[0147] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the optical pulse modulation device of the present invention can be introduced into the coherent Ising machine model to obtain a coherent Ising machine based on the optical pulse modulation device.

[0148] For example, in the technical solution of the present invention, a coherent Ising machine is also provided based on the above-mentioned optical pulse modulation device.

[0149] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle structure of a coherent Ising machine based on the aforementioned optical pulse modulation device in a specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 As shown, the coherent Ising machine based on an optical pulse modulation device in this invention includes: a laser 111, a first coupler 112, a first converter 113, a second coupler 114, a second converter 115, a third coupler 116, a first delay unit 117, an optical pulse modulation device 118, a second delay unit 119, and a zero-difference frequency detector 120.

[0150] The laser 111 is used to output a first pulse laser with a first wavelength;

[0151] The first coupler 112 is used to split the first pulsed laser into two pulsed lasers; one pulsed laser is output to the first converter 113; the other pulsed laser is output to the zero-difference frequency detector 120.

[0152] The first converter 113 is used to convert the received pulsed laser into a second pulsed laser with a second wavelength and output it to the second coupler 114;

[0153] The second coupler 114 is used to output the received pulsed laser to the second converter 115;

[0154] The second converter 115 is used to convert the received pulsed laser into a third pulsed laser with a first wavelength and output it to the third coupler 116;

[0155] The third coupler 116 is used to split the received third pulse laser into two pulse lasers; one pulse laser is output to the first delay unit 117 through the ring resonator 122; the other pulse laser is output to the zero-difference frequency detector 120.

[0156] The first delay unit 117 is used to delay the received pulsed laser according to a preset delay strategy and then output it to each input terminal of the optical pulse modulation device.

[0157] The optical pulse modulation device 118 is used to modulate the pulsed laser received at each input terminal and output the modulated pulsed laser to the second delay unit 119 through each output terminal.

[0158] The optical pulse modulation device 118 may be the optical pulse modulation device described in the above specific embodiments, so its internal structure will not be described in detail here.

[0159] The second delay unit 119 is used to delay the received pulsed laser according to a preset delay strategy and then output them to the second coupler 114.

[0160] The zero-difference frequency detector 120 is used to perform balanced zero-difference measurement based on the received pulsed laser, read the phase information of each pulsed laser, and obtain the corresponding calculation results.

[0161] In the coherent Ising machine of the aforementioned optical pulse modulation device, the first pulse laser with a first wavelength output by the laser can be split into two pulse lasers by the first coupler, which are output to the first converter and the zero-difference frequency detector respectively (wherein, most of the pulse laser is output to the first converter, and a small portion of the pulse laser is output to the zero-difference frequency detector); the first converter converts the first pulse laser into a second pulse laser with a second wavelength, and inputs it into the optical fiber loop through the second coupler; then, it is converted into a third pulse laser with a first wavelength by the second converter; the third pulse laser is split into two pulse lasers by the second coupler, one of which (the small portion of the pulse laser) is separated from the optical fiber loop and output to the zero-difference frequency detector, while the other pulse laser (the majority of the pulse laser) continues to propagate in the optical fiber loop and is output to the first delay unit through the ring resonator.

[0162] Based on the structure of the optical pulse modulation device described above, when the number of optical pulses involved in the calculation is n, at least n input ports and n output ports can be set on the optical pulse modulation device.

[0163] Furthermore, according to the Ising problem to be solved, it is necessary to control the injection of multiple sets of optical pulses, that is, to control the intensity and phase of the mutual injection between two optical pulses in each set. Therefore, the first delay unit can output the received pulsed laser to each input terminal of the optical pulse modulation device after a corresponding delay, so that n pulsed lasers received at different times can simultaneously reach the n input terminals of the optical pulse modulation device (these n pulsed lasers are the n input pulses). The optical pulse modulation device can then mutually inject the pulsed lasers received at each input terminal and modulate the intensity and / or phase of the mutual injection of multiple input pulses, and then output n pulsed lasers (i.e., n output pulses) from the n output ports to the second delay unit.

[0164] Subsequently, the second delay unit can delay each of the received n laser pulses according to a preset delay strategy, thereby outputting the n laser pulses sequentially to the second coupler according to a preset time interval and transmission order, forming a pulse sequence. This sequence is then re-input into the fiber optic loop through the second coupler, allowing the next cyclic resonance to begin. After multiple cycles of the laser pulses in the fiber optic loop, a stable pulse sequence is formed.

[0165] When calculations are required, the pulsed lasers shunted from the first and third couplers can be received directly through the zero-difference frequency detector, and balanced zero-difference measurements can be performed to read the phase information of each pulsed laser and obtain the corresponding calculation results.

[0166] Additionally, as an example, in one specific embodiment of this application, the coherent Ising machine based on the optical pulse modulation device may further include: amplifier 121;

[0167] The amplifier 121 is disposed between the laser 111 and the first coupler 112, and is used to amplify the first pulse laser output by the laser 111.

[0168] Additionally, as an example, in one specific embodiment of this application, the amplifier may be an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) or other suitable amplifier.

[0169] Additionally, as an example, in one specific embodiment of this application, both the first converter and the second converter can be periodically polarized lithium niobate (PPLN) crystals, or other suitable converters.

[0170] Additionally, as an example, in one specific embodiment of this application, the controller may employ a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), thereby enabling programmable control over the intensity and phase of mutual injection between pulses in the injector.

[0171] Additionally, as an example, in one specific embodiment of this application, the first wavelength may be 1560 nanometers and the second wavelength may be 780 nanometers.

[0172] Additionally, as an example, in one specific embodiment of this application, the ring resonator 122 is an optical fiber.

[0173] Additionally, as an example, in a specific embodiment of this application, the coherent Ising machine based on the above-mentioned optical pulse modulation device may further include: an optical fiber coil 123;

[0174] The fiber optic coil 123 is disposed between the third coupler 116 and the first delayer 117, and is used to delay the received pulsed laser according to a preset delay strategy.

[0175] In summary, in the technical solution of the present invention, since a controller and an injector are provided in the optical pulse modulation device, and multiple waveguides and at least one injection module are provided in the injector, and the waveguides in the injection module are controlled by the controller to modulate the intensity and / or phase of the pulses in the waveguides, so that each waveguide in the injector has a preset proportion of pulses injected into the other n-1 waveguides, the intensity and / or phase of each pulse can be effectively modulated, and mutual injection between multiple input pulses can be realized.

[0176] In addition, in the technical solution of the present invention, the above-mentioned optical pulse modulation device can be introduced into the coherent Ising machine, and the mutual injection between multiple pulses in the coherent Ising machine can be completed through the optical pulse modulation device to construct a fully optical coherent Ising network. Therefore, it is not necessary to measure the phase of the optical pulse during the calculation process. Instead, the intensity and phase of mutual injection between different pulses on the optical chip can be controlled by the controller (for example, by programming) to achieve fully optical coherent injection and complete the calculation of the Ising network.

[0177] Therefore, the coherent Ising machine based on an optical pulse modulation device in this invention is programmable and integrable; moreover, since all-optical mutual injection can be achieved by using a programmable optical chip, no measurement feedback and control injection are required during the entire calculation process, thereby effectively eliminating the noise introduced by measurement to the optical quantum system, while also reducing the power consumption of photoelectric / electro-optical conversion caused by measurement and control.

[0178] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optical pulse modulation device, characterized in that, The optical pulse modulation device includes: a controller and an injector; The injector is provided with n waveguides and at least one injection module, where n is a natural number greater than 1; The n waveguides pass through the injection module; the controller is connected to multiple waveguides in the injection module to control the connected waveguides, modulate the intensity and / or phase of the pulses in the waveguides, and ensure that each waveguide in the injector has a preset proportion of pulses injected into the other n-1 waveguides.

2. The optical pulse modulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The injector is equipped with n (n-1) injection modules; The n (n-1) injection modules are connected in series, and the n waveguides pass through the n (n-1) injection modules in sequence; there are 2 waveguides connected in each injection module; The controller is connected to two waveguides in each injection module and controls the two waveguides to modulate the intensity and / or phase of the pulses in the waveguides, so that in each injection module, a preset proportion of pulses from one of the two waveguides is injected into the other waveguide.

3. The optical pulse modulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, When n is 2: The injector is provided with a first waveguide and a second waveguide, as well as a first injection module and a second injection module; The first injection module and the second injection module are connected in series, and the first waveguide and the second waveguide pass through the first injection module and the second injection module in sequence. In the first injection module, a branch of the first waveguide is connected to the second waveguide to inject a preset proportion of pulses from the first waveguide into the second waveguide; In the second injection module, a branch of the second waveguide is connected to the first waveguide to inject a preset proportion of pulses from the second waveguide into the first waveguide.

4. The optical pulse modulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, When n is 4: The injector is equipped with 4 waveguides and 12 injection modules; The 12 injection modules are connected in series, and the 4 waveguides pass through the 12 injection modules in sequence. Each injection module has 2 waveguides connected to it. The controller is connected to the 2 waveguides connected to each injection module and is used to control the 2 waveguides to modulate the intensity and / or phase of the pulses in the waveguides, so that in each injection module, a preset proportion of pulses from one of the 2 waveguides connected to it is injected into the other waveguide.

5. The optical pulse modulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The injector is equipped with one injection module; The n waveguides pass through the injection module; the controller is connected to the n waveguides in the injection module respectively, and is used to control the connected n waveguides to modulate the intensity and / or phase of the pulses in the waveguides, so that in the injection module, a preset proportion of pulses in each waveguide is injected into the other n-1 waveguides respectively.

6. The optical pulse modulation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, When n is 2: The injector is provided with a first waveguide, a second waveguide, and an injection module; The first waveguide and the second waveguide pass through the injection module. A branch of the first waveguide is connected to the second waveguide, and a branch of the second waveguide is connected to the first waveguide. The controller is connected to the first waveguide and the second waveguide in the injection module respectively, and is used to control the first waveguide and the second waveguide to modulate the intensity and / or phase of the pulse in the waveguide, so that a preset proportion of pulses in each waveguide is injected into the other waveguide.

7. The optical pulse modulation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, When n is 4: The injector is equipped with four waveguides and one injection module; The four waveguides pass through the injection module, and the controller is connected to the four waveguides in the injection module respectively to control the four waveguides to modulate the intensity and / or phase of the pulses in the waveguides, and to inject a preset proportion of pulses in each waveguide into the other three waveguides respectively.

8. The optical pulse modulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller modulates the intensity and / or phase of pulses in the waveguide by changing the refractive index of the waveguide.

9. The optical pulse modulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset ratio is 10%.

10. A coherent Ising machine based on an optical pulse modulation device, characterized in that, The coherent Ising machine includes: a laser, a first coupler, a first converter, a second coupler, a second converter, a third coupler, a first delay unit, a second delay unit, a zero-difference frequency detector, and an optical pulse modulation device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; The laser is used to output a first pulse laser having a first wavelength; The first coupler is used to split the first pulsed laser into two pulsed lasers; one pulsed laser is output to the first converter; and the other pulsed laser is output to the zero-difference frequency detector. The first converter is used to convert the received pulsed laser into a second pulsed laser with a second wavelength and output it to the second coupler; The second coupler is used to output the received pulsed laser to the second converter; The second converter is used to convert the received pulsed laser into a third pulsed laser with a first wavelength and output it to the third coupler; The third coupler is used to split the received third pulse laser into two pulse lasers; one pulse laser is output to the first delay unit through a ring resonator; the other pulse laser is output to the zero-difference frequency detector. The first delay unit is used to delay the received pulsed laser according to a preset delay strategy and then output it to each input terminal of the optical pulse modulation device. The optical pulse modulation device is used to modulate the pulsed laser received at each input terminal and output the modulated pulsed laser to the second delay unit through each output terminal; The second delay unit is used to delay the received pulsed laser according to a preset delay strategy and then output them to the second coupler. The zero-difference frequency detector is used to perform balanced zero-difference measurement based on the received pulsed laser, read the phase information of each pulsed laser, and obtain the corresponding calculation results.

11. The coherent Ising machine according to claim 10, characterized in that, The coherent Ising machine further includes: an amplifier; The amplifier is positioned between the laser and the first coupler to amplify the first pulse laser output from the laser.

12. The coherent Ising machine according to claim 11, characterized in that: The amplifier is an erbium-doped fiber amplifier.

13. The coherent Ising machine according to claim 10, characterized in that, The coherent Ising machine further includes: an optical fiber coil; The fiber optic coil is disposed between the third coupler and the first delayer, and is used to delay the received pulsed laser according to a preset delay strategy.

14. The coherent Ising machine according to claim 10, characterized in that: The first converter and the second converter are periodically polarized lithium niobate crystals.

15. The coherent Ising machine according to claim 10, characterized in that: The controller is a field-programmable gate array (FPGA).

16. The coherent Ising machine according to claim 10, characterized in that: The first wavelength is 1560 nanometers, and the second wavelength is 780 nanometers.

17. The coherent Ising machine according to claim 10, characterized in that: The ring resonator is an optical fiber.

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