A 5G mobile communication base station and a relay antenna device
By separating the antenna and adding receiving radiation elements, using multi-layer shielding films and signal interference cancellers, the signal loss and interference problems in 5G communication networks have been solved, resulting in increased signal distance and reduced number of base stations, thus lowering facility costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 李炖信
- Filing Date
- 2021-09-01
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
In 5G communication networks, the increased frequency leads to increased signal spatial radiation loss, requiring the number of existing base stations and repeaters to increase by more than 10 times. Furthermore, existing antenna devices cannot effectively reduce interference, affecting signal transmission and reception distances.
The antenna is separated into a 5G receiving antenna section and a transmitting antenna section. The receiving antenna section has an increased radiating element and uses a multi-layer shielding film to reduce interference. A low-noise amplifier and a remotely adjustable switch section are used. Different frequency band signals are processed by combining time division duplex and frequency division duplex methods. Low-gain and high-gain antennas and signal interference cancellers are used.
It significantly increases signal transmission and reception distance, reduces the number of base stations and repeaters required, lowers facility and service costs, and enables simultaneous transmission and reception of signals in different frequency bands.
Smart Images
Figure CN115699451B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a transceiver antenna device for a base station or repeater in a mobile communication network, and more specifically, to a high-performance mobile communication antenna device that can significantly improve the signal-to-noise ratio and increase the arrival distance of transmitted and received signals, thereby significantly reducing the number of base stations for 5G communication. Background Technology
[0002] In recent years, 5G communication networks have been rapidly constructed. Compared with 4G, 3G, and 2G frequencies, the bandwidth of 5G frequencies has increased by about 2 to 3 times. With the higher frequency of the communication network, a wide communication bandwidth can be ensured for high-speed data communication. However, due to the use of higher transmit and receive frequencies than 4G, 3G, and 2G, the spatial radiation loss of transmitted and received signals has increased, and the distance for transmitting and receiving signals from base stations and repeaters has decreased sharply. Therefore, there is a problem that the number of base stations and repeaters needs to be increased by more than 10 times compared with the existing LTE communication network. Summary of the Invention
[0003] (The problem that the invention aims to solve)
[0004] The technical challenge of this invention is to provide a high-performance mobile communication antenna device that significantly increases the radiating element of the receiving antenna after separating the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna, greatly improves the signal-to-noise ratio by using only one set of low noise amplifiers (LNAs), and reduces interference to the receiving antenna caused by the transmitted signal by attaching a multi-layer shielding film between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna. Compared with conventional antennas, it increases the signal transmission and reception distance by about 3 to 5 times, thereby reducing the base station installation space to less than 1 / 10.
[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a high-performance mobile communication antenna device having multiple low-noise amplifiers and a switching unit, wherein in the event of damage to any low-noise amplifier, the switching unit can be remotely adjusted to drive the other low-noise amplifiers to operate automatically.
[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide an antenna device that simultaneously transmits and receives 5G signals in different frequency bands by having in parallel a 5G antenna that performs transmission and reception in a time division duplex (TDD) mode at one frequency and a 4G, 3G, and 2G antenna that performs transmission and reception in a frequency division duplex (FDD) mode at different frequencies.
[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a high-performance mobile communication antenna device that uses a low-gain transmitting antenna for supplying power to the terminal side and a high-gain antenna for receiving low signals from the terminal, and uses a high-output transmitting signal interference canceller to separate the transmitting and receiving because a duplexer cannot be used in TDD mode where the same frequency is used for transmitting and receiving.
[0008] (The measures taken to solve the problem)
[0009] To achieve the objectives described above, the antenna device of the present invention separates the antenna into a 5G receiving antenna section and a 5G transmitting antenna section, wherein the receiving antenna section includes a transmitting radiating element (T) that is larger than that of the transmitting antenna section. n More receiving radiation elements (R) m It can arbitrarily adjust the receiving and radiating elements (R) included in each receiving antenna section and transmitting antenna section. m ) and transmitting radiation element (T) n The gain of the transmitting and receiving antenna sections is adjusted by the number of receiving radiating elements (Ri). In other words, since the receiving antenna section, which is supposed to receive signals transmitted from the mobile station, should receive signals with low output from the mobile station, it is equipped with multiple receiving radiating elements (Ri). m The transmitting antenna section, which is to send signals to the mobile station, is connected to an external power supply and is required to transmit signals with high gain. Therefore, it has fewer transmitting and radiating elements (T) than the receiving antenna section. n This minimizes interference between the receiving and transmitting antenna sections. This is what distinguishes the antenna of the present invention from existing antennas that frequency-divide signals received from one radiating element and transmit them to that element. Furthermore, it includes multiple 5G band-pass filters (BPFs) and band-pass filters that allow any communication operator to use them, ensuring that received signals in each band are not interfered with by the transmitting antenna section, and that transmitted signals in other bands are not interfered with by the receiving antenna section. In another embodiment, to further reduce interference between the receiving and transmitting antenna sections, a multi-layered shielding film (e.g., approximately 1 / 4 the height of the transmitted and received signal wavelengths) can be provided. This shielding film reduces received noise caused by PIM (Passive Intermodulation) generated in the transmitting antenna section.
[0010] An antenna based on another embodiment of the present invention for achieving the objectives described above is characterized in that it includes: a transmitting antenna for transmitting downlink signals to a terminal device; a receiving antenna for receiving uplink signals from the terminal device; and a transmitting signal interference canceller connected to a base station transceiver for losslessly transmitting the transmitted signal to the transmitting antenna, attenuating it to the receiving antenna to cancel interference between transmitted signals of the same frequency band at the receiving side, and losslessly transmitting the received signal from the receiving antenna to the base station transceiver.
[0011] The mobile communication antenna device may further include an antenna interference canceller. In order to eliminate interference on the receiving antenna side when radiating the output of the transmitting antenna, the antenna interference canceller has 2 to 3 layers of choke-type shielding with a height of about 1 / 4 wavelength around the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna. In addition, a shielding metal plate with an attached radio wave absorber is attached around the transmitting antenna.
[0012] Furthermore, the transmit signal interference canceller processes the signal as follows: On the downlink, after the transmit signal is input to terminal 1 of the isolator (I), the lossless output of terminal 2 is connected to the transmit antenna for radio wave radiation, and the output of terminal 3 below -20dB is connected to the first to third circulators (C2, C3, C4) respectively to reduce the signal by more than -20dB. On the uplink, the output of the LNA of the receive antenna is losslessly transmitted to terminal 3 of the third circulator (C4), terminal 3 of the second circulator (C3), terminal 3 of the first circulator (C2), and terminal 3 of the isolator (I) so that the uplink is not affected by the high output transmit signal of the downlink.
[0013] (The effect of the invention)
[0014] As explained above, the antenna device based on the present invention provides an antenna device that can minimize the transmission and reception interference of the antenna and increase the signal transmission and reception distance by about 3 to 5 times compared with existing communication antennas. Therefore, it can significantly reduce the number of base stations and repeaters required for 5G communication, thereby reducing equipment costs and thus lowering service costs.
[0015] Furthermore, an antenna device is available that allows for easy remote switching of low-noise amplifiers that are prone to damage within the antenna device.
[0016] Furthermore, an antenna device capable of simultaneously transmitting and receiving 5G, 4G, 3G, and 2G communication signals of different frequency bands can be provided.
[0017] Furthermore, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the following effects are achieved: the receiving antenna achieves a combined gain of 60dB or more, enabling the base station antenna to receive small output signals from terminal devices radiated at a distance of 1000m or more. In order to reduce interference from other service areas at a distance of 1000m or more, the output of the transmitting antenna is set to low output. Therefore, compared with the current situation where 5G service base stations and relay stations are set at 200m intervals, the base station facility cost is reduced by more than 1 / 10 by setting them sparsely at intervals of 500m to 1000m. This reduces the base station facility cost and significantly reduces the optical transmission cost of relay links. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the antenna body of the present invention, which includes an opening and closing mechanism for replacing a low-noise amplifier.
[0019] Figure 2 This is an overall structural diagram of the antenna of the present invention. (a) shows a separate antenna for 5G transmission and reception, and (b) shows a composite antenna for 5G, 4G, 3G and 2G signals with separate transmission and reception.
[0020] Figure 3 This is a rear view of the antenna of the present invention, showing the power distribution diagram of each radiator (using a stripline or microstrip line instead of a coaxial cable).
[0021] Figure 4 These are striplines for the distribution power supply lines of the receiving antenna section for 5G. (a) shows the stripline with 8 distribution lines, (b) shows a cross-sectional view of each stripline, and (c) shows a cross-sectional view of each microstrip line.
[0022] Figure 5 These are structural diagrams and side views of a duplexer used as a combiner for receiving and transmitting signals. (a) shows a 5G duplexer, and (b) shows a top and side view of a duplexer used as a 4G, 3G, or 2G transceiver combiner.
[0023] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram showing how 5G antennas, 4G, 3G, and 2G antennas are compositely attached to a single reflector, and how input / output terminals are combined and distributed to a receiving low-noise amplifier and a transceiver duplexer.
[0024] Figure 7 The diagram shows the polarization types of the radiating element. (a) represents the ±45° polarization diversity type, (b) represents the 0°, 90° vertical and horizontal polarization diversity types, and (c) represents the circular polarization, left-handed polarization and right-handed polarization diversity types.
[0025] Figure 8These are the radiation patterns of antennas. (a) is the radiation pattern of 5G, 4G, 3G, and 2G antennas in the vertical direction. (b) is the radiation pattern of antennas when the beam is tilted. (c) is the beam pattern in the horizontal direction.
[0026] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the antenna system based on the present invention, which includes a switching mechanism for replacing a low-noise amplifier, a power supply line (shielded or metal tube), and an antenna power supply line.
[0027] Figure 10 It is a schematic representation of installation at Figure 9 Three-view drawing of the antenna inside the snow cover.
[0028] Figure 11 This is an example of a mobile communication antenna system with an interference canceller attached, which is capable of eliminating interference to the transmitted signal in mobile communication in the 2-4 GHz frequency band, based on another embodiment of the present invention.
[0029] Figure 12 This is another embodiment of the present invention, which describes a mobile communication antenna system based on a waveguide-type or coaxial slot traveling-wave antenna in the C, Ku, or Ka bands where indoor service cannot be provided due to shielding and high loss of external service signals. Detailed Implementation
[0030] The detailed description of the invention described below is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate specific embodiments in which the invention can be practiced. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention. Various embodiments of the invention differ from one another, but it should be understood that these embodiments are not mutually exclusive. For example, with respect to one embodiment, specific shapes, structures, and characteristics described herein can be implemented by other embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that the position or arrangement of individual structural elements in the disclosed embodiments can be changed without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the detailed description described below should not be construed as limiting, and if properly described, the scope of the invention is limited only to all scopes equivalent to those claimed in the claims and the appended claims. In the drawings, similar reference numerals denote the same or similar functions from various perspectives.
[0031] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0032] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the antenna of the present invention, which has an opening and closing mechanism for replacing a low-noise amplifier.
[0033] The antenna of the present invention is housed in an antenna cover (130), which is attached to the antenna support (110) by means of a mechanical beam tilting part (120). The antenna cover (130) includes a low-noise amplifier replacement cover (140) on the back of the antenna.
[0034] The mechanical beam tilting section (120) includes a folded structure, which is used to mechanically adjust the direction of the antenna beam. Furthermore, in the event of damage to the low-noise amplifier or power control panel for 5G signal reception, the low-noise amplifier replacement cover (140) can be opened and closed while the antenna is installed to replace the low-noise amplifier or power control panel.
[0035] Figure 2 The diagram shows the antenna device of the present invention. (a) shows a single antenna for 5G signal transceiver, and (b) shows a structural diagram of a composite antenna for 5G, 4G, 3G and 2G signal transceiver.
[0036] exist Figure 2 In (a), the individual antenna is a time-division duplex (TDD) transceiver antenna, which can be configured as follows: the receiving antenna section (210) has a receiving radiating element (R) m For example, to increase the gain by vertically arranging 20 or more elements, the transmitting and radiating elements (T) of the transmitting antenna section (220) n For example, 10 elements are arranged vertically so that the transmission gain of the transmitting antenna section (220) is less than 1 / 2 of the receiving gain of the receiving antenna section.
[0037] Furthermore, the receiving antenna section (210) performs mechanical beam tilting by using a mechanically variable folding structure to adjust the beam tilt angle of the antenna, while the transmitting antenna section (220) can perform electrical beam tilting by using phase shifters (221, 222) to change the phase of the signal input to the transmitting antenna section (220) and form a vertical beam with the desired beam tilt angle.
[0038] Alternatively, it can be configured as follows: a multi-layered metal shielding film (223) is disposed around the periphery of the transmitting antenna section and the receiving antenna section at a height of approximately 1 / 4 of the wavelength of the 5G band (e.g., 3.4GHz to 3.7GHz), so that the transmitted signal of the transmitting radiating element (Tn) does not interfere with the receiving radiating element (Rm) as much as possible. Depending on the situation, it can also be applied to antennas for 4G, 3G, and 2G.
[0039] In the signal synthesis of the receiving radiating element (Rm) of the 5G receiving antenna section (210), the synthesis is performed using a honeycombstrip PCB to reduce PCB loss. The signal received in the -45° antenna receiving radiating element (Rm) is then synthesized using a BPF or isolator in the duplexer or transmit signal cancellation device (231) of the transmitting and receiving antennas to eliminate mutual interference. After that, it is output to the -45° connector terminal through a 5G bandpass filter (233) that can use the frequency band.
[0040] The signal received in the receiving and radiating element of the +45° antenna is also the same as the signal received in the receiving and radiating element (Rm) of the -45° antenna. After passing through a bandpass filter (214) and a low-noise amplifier (217), it is synthesized in the duplexer or transmitting signal cancellation device (232) of the receiving and transmitting antenna sections using a BPF or isolator to eliminate mutual interference and output to the +45° connector terminal.
[0041] Here, the receiving and radiating element of a -45° antenna refers to a receiving and radiating element whose direction has been rotated by -45°, and the receiving and radiating element of a +45° antenna refers to a receiving and radiating element whose direction has been rotated by +45°.
[0042] exist Figure 2 In section (b), an antenna (500) that operates by adding multiple frequency bands to a single reflector can adjust the transmit and receive frequency bands according to the application of antennas such as 5G, 4G1 or 4G2, 3G and 2G with different transmit and receive frequencies. Furthermore, the low-noise amplifiers (217, 218, 316, 317) used in this antenna typically have a gain of 30dB to 60dB or more. The gain of the low-noise amplifiers (217, 218, 316, 317) can be manually or automatically adjusted by attaching attenuators that can add or subtract gain to the base station or repeater. This includes the ability to transmit the output status of the low-noise amplifiers (217, 218, 316, 317) to the output terminals in the control room.
[0043] Figure 3 This refers to the back side of the reflector used in the antenna of this invention.
[0044] The 5G signal receiving antenna section (210) of the antenna of the present invention includes a plurality of receiving and radiating elements (R). m When using existing coaxial cables as multiple receiving and radiating elements (R) mWhen power is supplied by a cable, significant signal loss may occur due to the impedance component of the cable itself. Therefore, in this invention, the receiving and radiating element (R) of the receiving antenna section (210) is connected by PCB wiring of a low-loss cellular synthesizer. m The synthesis loss of the received signal is significantly reduced by using a duplexer or a transmit signal cancellation device (231, 232). Conversely, in the case of the 5G transmit antenna section (220), since the transmit antenna section (220) is connected to an external power supply, the transmit output itself can be adjusted arbitrarily, and it is not very sensitive to signal attenuation. Therefore, the transmit radiating element (T) of the transmit antenna section (220) is connected to the transmit antenna section (220) by a coaxial cable. n ) and phase shifters (221, 222). In the case of 4G, 3G, and 2G using transceiver antennas (300, 400), power is supplied by coaxial cable or a standard PCB board.
[0045] Figure 4 This refers to the strip (microstrip) used for the composite power supply line of the receiving antenna section in 5G.
[0046] refer to Figure 4 (a) shows a diagram of the 8-strip distribution, (b) shows a cross-sectional view of each stripline, and (c) shows a cross-sectional view of each microstripline.
[0047] When a signal is received in the 5G antenna (200) of the present invention, at a receiving radiating element (R) at +45° m When supplying power, a strip wire composed of insulated honeycomb is used instead of a cable, utilizing 3 sets that can be connected to 8 receiving radiation elements (R). m The cellular array will have 24 receiving radiation elements (R) m The connection to the duplexer or transmit signal cancellation device (231, 232) significantly reduces power supply line losses. Furthermore, when transmitting signals in the 5G antenna (200) of this invention, each phase shifter (221, 222) utilizes a coaxial cable to transmit radiating elements (T) at ±45°. n (to supply power)
[0048] Figure 5 This is a device that combines the received low-noise amplifier signal and the transmitted signal in the receive duplexer or transmit signal cancellation device (231) of a 5G cellular stripline. An example is constructed using a BPF, isolator, circulator, or similar device that prevents the transmitted signal from interfering with the receive low-noise amplifier. Figure 5 In the image, (a) shows a top view and a side view of a 5G combined duplexer (transmit signal cancellation device), and (b) shows a top view and a side view of a duplexer used as a 4G, 3G, or 2G transceiver combiner.
[0049] Figure 6 Is it to Figure 2 When 5G antennas and 4G, 3G, or 2G antennas are combined on a single panel, the 4G, 3G, and 2G antennas (when using separate transmit antennas or single transmit / receive antennas) combine the received and synthesized signals with the transmit signals to be assigned in the combiner (duplexer).
[0050] refer to Figure 6 The signal synthesized in the 5G receiving antenna is connected to the first low-noise amplifier (217-1) and the second low-noise amplifier (217-2) via the BPF (214) and the switch (217-3), and then connected to the transceiver combining duplexer or the transmit signal cancellation device (231) via the switch (217-4). The transmit signal is connected to the distributor (261) to power the transmitting antenna. Furthermore, when the low-noise amplifier power supply, the switching power supply, or the first low-noise amplifier (217-1) fails, the control panel (240) automatically switches to the second low-noise amplifier (217-2) and connects it to the control cable terminal with the arrester attached.
[0051] When the first low-noise amplifier fails, the control panel (240) remotely transmits the fault signal to the operating room. The operating room has another remote adjustment box connected to the control panel (240). The remote adjustment box can switch between the first low-noise amplifier (217-1) and the second low-noise amplifier (217-2) using the control panel (240) and can display whether the first low-noise amplifier (217-1) is faulty.
[0052] like Figure 6 As shown in (b), 4G, 3G, and 2G antennas, like 5G antennas, can have their transmitting and receiving antennas used separately, such as... Figure 6 As shown in (c), signals can also be transmitted and received by a single antenna, omitting the low-noise amplifier, in accordance with the existing 4G, 3G and 2G antenna methods.
[0053] Figure 7 This is a diagram representing the polarization type of a radiating element. Figure 7 (a) represents the ±45° polarization diversity type. Figure 7 (b) represents the 0°, 90° vertical and horizontal polarization diversity type. Figure 7 (c) represents the circular polarization, left-handed polarization, and right-handed polarization diversity type.
[0054] Figure 8These are the radiation patterns of the antennas. (a) shows the radiation patterns of 5G, 4G, 3G, and 2G antennas in the vertical direction. (b) shows the radiation patterns of the antenna when the beam is tilted. (c) shows the beam pattern in the horizontal direction.
[0055] refer to Figure 8 The receiving antenna section (210) and transmitting antenna section (220) of the present invention have the same horizontal beamwidth. By having the same horizontal beamwidth, the receiving antenna section (210) and transmitting antenna section (220) can provide the same transmission and reception sensitivity at all locations where the antenna section transmits and receives signals.
[0056] In the context of 5G communication, given the characteristics of domestic public housing, in the vertical direction, users or mobile stations are typically located within 100m of the ground below the base station. Therefore, the vertical beamwidth of the antenna remains constant with a narrow beamwidth. However, users or mobile stations move with a large beamwidth in the horizontal direction, so the horizontal beamwidth remains above 60°.
[0057] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of an antenna system based on another embodiment of the present invention, including a switching mechanism for replacing a low-noise amplifier, a power supply line (shielded or metal tube), and an antenna power supply line. Figure 10 It is a schematic representation of installation at Figure 9 Three views of the antenna inside the snow cover. Figure 10 (a) is the top view, (b) is the front view, and (c) is the side view.
[0058] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, another antenna system (10) of the present invention houses an antenna (700) inside a snow cover (20). The snow cover (20) outside the antenna (700) is attached to the antenna support (40) by means of a mechanical beam tilting part (30). The snow cover (20) outside the antenna includes a low-noise amplifier replacement cover (22) on the back of the antenna.
[0059] The mechanical beam tilting section (30) includes a folded structure, which is used to perform mechanical beam tilting to mechanically adjust the direction of the antenna beam.
[0060] Furthermore, in the event of damage to the low-noise amplifier (52A, 52B) or power control panel used for receiving signals in the 2-6 GHz band, the low-noise amplifier replacement cover (22) can be opened and closed while the antenna (700) is installed to replace the low-noise amplifier (52A, 52B) or power control panel. The power supply and control panel detection signals of the low-noise amplifier (52A, 52B) are controlled by the control room using a power supply line (shielded or metal tube; 70), and the RF signals (Rx, Tx) are connected to the transceiver device (80) for transmission and reception using the antenna coaxial cable power supply line (60A, 60B).
[0061] like Figure 10 As shown, the antenna (700) of another embodiment housed inside the snow cover (20) consists of a transmitting antenna (720) and a receiving antenna (730) with + / -45° radiators arranged in a row. A shielding plate (742) of electromagnetic wave absorber and a choke-type shielding plate (744) are provided around the transmitting antenna (720), and a choke-type metal shielding plate (746) is also provided around the receiving antenna (730).
[0062] Figure 11 This is a mobile communication antenna system based on another embodiment of the present invention, which is equipped with an interference canceller for eliminating interference of the transmitted signal to the receiving side in mobile communication in the 2-4 GHz band.
[0063] like Figure 11 As shown, another embodiment of the mobile communication antenna system (800) comprises a base transceiver (80), a transmit signal interference canceller (710), a coaxial cable (60) for connecting the base transceiver (80) and the transmit signal interference canceller (710), a power supply line (70) formed by a shield or metal tube, a terminal device (90), a transmit antenna (720), a receive antenna (730), and an antenna interference canceller (740). A combiner (736), a BPF (734), and an LNA (732A, 732B) are attached to the substrate of the receive antenna.
[0064] The signal interference canceller (710) is connected to the base transceiver (80) by a +45° and -45° coaxial cable power supply line (60A, 60B). It transmits the transmitted signal to the transmitting antenna (720) without loss, attenuates it to the receiving antenna (730) to eliminate interference of the transmitted signal of the same frequency band on the receiving side, and transmits the received signal of the receiving antenna (730) to the base transceiver (80) without loss.
[0065] The transmitting antenna (720) sends the downlink transmission signal that has passed through the transmission signal interference canceller (710) to the terminal device (90) side, and the receiving antenna (730) is used to receive the uplink signal of the terminal device (90).
[0066] refer to Figure 11 When providing 4G or 5G mobile communication services in the 2G to 4GHz frequency band, the transmitting antenna (720) and receiving antenna (730) are separated on an external tower. When using coaxial cable power supply lines (60A, 60B) for the transmission path from the outside to the inside, a transmitting signal interference canceller (710) is attached inside to eliminate interference. Furthermore, in order to eliminate the interference of the large output signal of the outdoor transmitting antenna (720) to the receiving antenna (730), an antenna interference canceller (740) is attached between the transmitting antenna (720) and the receiving antenna (730). The antenna interference canceller (740) consists of a 1 / 4 wavelength metal shield (744) attached to the outside of the transmitting antenna (720), a shielding plate (742) of the radio wave absorber, and a 1 / 4 wavelength metal shield (746) attached to the outside of the receiving antenna (730).
[0067] In the base station or relay transceiver (80), when transmitting to an outdoor antenna system (10) via a coaxial cable (60), the transmitting signal is transmitted separately by the LNA (732A, 732B) attached to the receiving antenna (730) and the transmitting antenna (720). Since the transmitting frequency and the receiving frequency are the same, the interference of the transmitting signal cannot be eliminated by existing duplexers or bandpass filters (BPF).
[0068] In another embodiment of the invention, a transmit signal interference canceller (710) with the same frequency as the received signal is attached to eliminate transmit signal interference in the receiving LNA (732A, 732B) using a receiving antenna (730) with the same frequency as the transmit signal. In this embodiment of the invention, the transmit / receive antennas (720, 730) are configured with a +45° radiator and a -45° radiator arranged in a diamond shape. Therefore, the coaxial cable (60) and the transmit signal interference canceller (710) are also divided into two for +45° and two for -45°, and there are also two receiving LNAs (732A, 732B).
[0069] The signal interference canceller (710) is described in more detail below. When the base station transmits and receives signals using a coaxial cable (60), if the signal is input to the coaxial cable (60), it is input to terminal 1 of the isolator (711; I1), then input to the transmitting antenna side losslessly and radiated as radio waves, reducing the signal by -25dB, and output to terminal 3 of the isolator (711; I1).
[0070] The output of terminal 3, which is attenuated in isolator (711; I1), is input to terminal 1 of the first circulator (712; C2), is absorbed by a dummy load in terminal 2 of the first circulator (712; C2), and the signal attenuated by more than -25dB in the first circulator (712; C2) is output to terminal 3.
[0071] The output of terminal 3, which is attenuated in the first circulator (712; C2), is input to terminal 1 of the second circulator (713; C3). It is absorbed by the output dummy load in terminal 2 of the second circulator (713; C3), attenuated by more than -25dB, and output to terminal 3 of the second circulator (713; C3).
[0072] The signal attenuated in the second circulator (713; C3) is input to terminal 1 of the third circulator (714; C4), and is absorbed by the output dummy load in terminal 2 of the third circulator (714; C4), becoming below -25dB and output to terminal 3 of the third circulator (714; C4).
[0073] In this way, the high output transmit signal loss at terminal 1 of the isolator (711; I1) is reduced to -25dB, -25dB, -25dB, -25dB = -80dB to -90dB or less, and the interference effect on the transmit signal is eliminated by connecting it to the output terminal of the LNA (732A, 732B) of the receiving antenna (730).
[0074] On the other hand, the output of the LNA (732A, 732B) attached to the high-gain receiving antenna (730) is input to terminal 3 of the third circulator (714; C4), and then outputs almost losslessly (less than 0.2dB) in terminal 1. It is input to terminal 3 of the second circulator (713; C3), and then outputs almost losslessly (less than 0.2dB) in terminal 1. It is input to terminal 3 of the first circulator (712; C2), and then outputs (less than 0.2dB) in terminal 1 of the first circulator (712; C2). It is input to terminal 3 of the isolator (711; I1), and then outputs almost losslessly (less than 0.2dB) in terminal 1 of the isolator (711), becoming lossless (around -1dB), and is transmitted to the housing of the operation room (base transceiver) by coaxial cable (60).
[0075] In this way, the transmit signal interference canceller (710) of another embodiment is able to eliminate interference with the transmit signal on the receiving antenna side.
[0076] On the other hand, the transmit output of terminal 2 of the isolator (I1) is input to the transmit antenna (720) which is separate from the receive antenna (730) and radiates to the terminal device (90). At this time, it may cause interference to the receive antenna (730). Therefore, in an embodiment of the present invention, in order to eliminate the interference between the transmit antenna (720) and the receive antenna (730), an antenna interference canceller (740) is attached between the receive antenna (720) and the transmit antenna (730).
[0077] In the antenna interference canceller (740), three or more layers of choke-type 1 / 4 wavelength metal shields (744) are attached around the transmitting antenna (720). If necessary, a choke-type 1 / 4 wavelength metal shield (746) is also attached to the receiving antenna (730). Then, a shielding plate (742) of the electromagnetic wave absorber is attached, so that the output of the transmitting antenna is attenuated by more than -80dB on the receiving antenna side to eliminate interference.
[0078] Thus, the present invention attaches a transmit signal interference canceller (710) to the output side of the LNA (732A, 732B) of the receiving antenna (730) and the input side of the transmitting antenna (720), and attaches an antenna interference canceller (740) between the transmitting antenna (720) and the receiving antenna (730) to eliminate interference of the same frequency.
[0079] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the receiving antenna (730) has a comprehensive gain of 60dB or more, which enables the base station to receive small output signals of terminal devices radiated at a distance of 1000m or more. In order to reduce interference to other area services at a distance of 1000m or more, the output of the transmitting antenna (720) is set to low output. Therefore, compared with the current situation of setting up 5G service base stations and relay stations at 200m intervals, setting them up sparsely at intervals of 500m to 1000m reduces the facility cost by more than 1 / 10, thereby reducing costs and significantly reducing the optical transmission cost of relay links.
[0080] Figure 12 This is an example of a mobile communication antenna system based on another embodiment of the present invention, in which an interference canceller is attached to an indoor waveguide-type or coaxial slot traveling wave antenna when indoor service cannot be provided due to shielding and high loss of external service signals in the C, Ku, and Ka bands.
[0081] When providing 5G mobile communication services at high frequencies such as C, Ku, and Ka in the microwave band, indoor services cannot be provided due to the strong linearity of radio waves. Therefore, a component with multiple waveguide slots or coaxial power line traveling wave slot antennas (860) formed in the ceiling of each floor is installed to provide services. In this case, it is preferable to lay multiple antennas in series / parallel at intervals of about 6 meters on each floor.
[0082] refer to Figure 12 To elaborate further, each floor of the building is equipped with a waveguide-type or coaxial-type slot traveling wave antenna (860), which is connected to the outside of the building by an optical transmission path (50) or by a transmitting antenna (720) and a receiving antenna (730).
[0083] First, let’s examine the case of connection via optical transmission path (50). The downlink optical signal input to the optical transmission device (810) via optical transmission path (optical cable; 50) is separated to the optical receiving side in optical duplexer (811), converted into digital in photodiode (PD), distributed in digital distributor (812), and then D / AC converted in digital-to-analog converter (813) at the output and transmitted to downlink transmission unit (DL).
[0084] The downlink transmission unit (DL) consists of a first switch (821), an amplifier (822), a frequency converter (823), and a high-output amplifier (824).
[0085] The D / AC converted signal output from the optical transmission device (810) is amplified in the first switch (821; Sw1) of the downlink transmission unit (DL) and in the amplifier (822). After being converted to an up frequency in the frequency converter (823), it is amplified in the high output amplifier (HPA; 824) and input to the transmit signal interference canceller (830).
[0086] The transmit signal interference canceller (830) is described in detail. After the received signal transmitted in the downlink of the optical transmission path (50) is distributed in the digital distributor (812), it is converted into the output frequencies C, Ku, and Ka bands respectively. Then, the high output is amplified and input to terminal 1 of the first circulator (C1; 831) in the transmit signal interference canceller (830). The signal input to terminal 1 of the first circulator (C1; 831) is output to terminal 2 without loss (0.2dB), and then output to terminal 3 after becoming -25dB. The output of terminal 2 of the first circulator (C1; 831) is input to terminal 1 of the second circulator (C2; 832) and output to terminal 2 without loss (0.2dB), and then output to terminal 3 after attenuation to below -25dB.
[0087] The output of terminal 2 of the second circulator (C2; 832) is input to terminal 1 of the third circulator (C3; 833), and is output losslessly in terminal 2, and attenuated to -25dB in terminal 3. The output of terminal 2 of the third circulator (C3) is input to terminal 1 of the fourth circulator (C4; 834), and is output to terminal 2, and is transmitted losslessly (loss less than 0.2dB) to the waveguide (840), and attenuated to less than -25dB before being output to terminal 3.
[0088] The outputs of terminal 3 of the first circulator (C1; 831) and the output of terminal 3 of the second circulator (C2; 832), each with a loss of -25dB or less, are added together to make the output of -40dB or less. Furthermore, the outputs of terminal 3 of the third circulator (C3; 833) and the output of terminal 3 of the fourth circulator (C4; 834), each with a loss of -25dB or less, are combined to make the output of -40dB or less. The combined signal from terminal 3 of the first circulator (C1) and the second circulator (C2) and the combined output from terminal 3 of the third circulator (C3) and the fourth circulator (C4) are further combined to adjust the output of -80dB or less.
[0089] Regarding the uplink signal input to terminal 2 of the fourth circulator (C4) and output to terminal 3, the uplink signal of the waveguide is input to the input of the uplink LNA (825) with almost no loss. In this way, the high output signal of the downlink is attenuated to below -80dB at the input of the LNA (825) by the transmit signal interference canceller (830) to eliminate interference. The signal transmitted from the terminal device (90) is input to the waveguide-type or coaxial slot traveling wave antenna (860), and after being synthesized by the mode converter (TE01, TE11) and the mode TE10 converter (850), it is input to terminal 2 of the fourth circulator (C4), output to terminal 3 with no loss (0.2dB), and then input to the LNA (825).
[0090] The uplink transmission unit (UL) consists of an LNA (825), a down-converter (826), an amplifier (827), and a second switch (828).
[0091] The uplink signal input to the uplink transmission unit (UL) of the LNA (825) is converted to a down-frequency in the down-frequency converter (826), amplified in the amplifier (827), and input to the optical transmission device (810) through the second switch (828).
[0092] The optical transmission device (810) converts the input uplink signal into a digital signal in an analog-to-digital converter (814), performs multiplexing in a digital multiplexer (815), converts it into an optical signal in a laser diode (RD), and transmits it on the optical transmission path (50) through an optical duplexer (811).
[0093] In this way, a transmit signal interference canceller (830) is attached to eliminate interference from the transmit and receive signals passing through the traveling wave waveguide slot antenna (860). The uplink signal input to the LNA (825) is amplified by the low noise amplifier (LNA) and then frequency-converted. The signal that has passed through the A / DC is digitally synthesized and then converted into an optical signal in the laser diode (RD). It is then transmitted optically through the optical duplexer (811) on the optical transmission path (50).
[0094] On the other hand, depending on the situation, in areas where optical transmission is not possible, an antenna system consisting of an additional receiving antenna (730) and a transmitting antenna (720) can be attached (as described above). Figure 10 After switching between the antenna systems (which are the same), communication with the outside world is achieved through the antenna system (not the optical transmission path). At this time, an antenna interference canceller (740) is attached between the transmitting antenna (720) and the receiving antenna (730) to eliminate interference from the transmitted signal that affects the receiving antenna (730).
[0095] In this way, the receiving antenna (730) increases the overall gain significantly (above 60dB) to receive and amplify the signal transmitted by the link base station, enabling the remote terminal equipment (90) to receive the transmitted signal. The transmitting antenna (720) reduces its gain to reduce interference between other service areas, thereby eliminating interference from other service areas. When the interference is below -80dB, the choke-type 1 / 4 wavelength metal shield (746) used to shield the receiving antenna (730) can be omitted.
Claims
1. An antenna device for a 5G mobile communication base station and repeater, comprising: A receiving antenna section (210) with high gain. The transmitting antenna section (220) with low gain is separated from the receiving antenna section (210); The first low-noise amplifier (217-1) is connected to the output terminal of the receiving antenna section (210); Phase shifters (221, 222) are connected to the input terminal of the transmitting antenna section (220); The signal cancellation devices (231, 232) serving as the interference cancellation synthesizer are respectively connected to the first low-noise amplifier (217-1) and the phase shifter (221, 222); and Bandpass filters (233, 234) that can be used are connected to each of the transmit signal cancellation devices (231, 232). The receiving antenna section (210) includes a plurality of receiving and radiating elements (Rm). The transmitting antenna section (220) includes a plurality of transmitting radiating elements (Tn). The antenna device also includes a second low-noise amplifier (217-2), a switch (217-3), and a power control panel (240). In the event of damage to the first low-noise amplifier (217-1), the switch unit (217-3) switches the first low-noise amplifier (217-1) to the second low-noise amplifier (217-2), and the power control panel (240) notifies the control room whether the first low-noise amplifier (217-1) is damaged. In order to reduce interference between the receiving antenna section (210) and the transmitting antenna section (220), a metal shielding film (223) is provided around the transmitting antenna section or the receiving antenna section.
2. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein, The receiving antenna section (210) has a receiving and radiating element (R) m The number of ) is greater than the number of transmitting radiating elements (T) in the transmitting antenna section (220). n The number of ) is 2 to 3 times more.
3. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein, The metal shielding film (223) is a multilayer structure with a height of 1 / 4 of the wavelength of the transmitted signal.
4. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein, The horizontal beamwidth of the receiving antenna section (210) is the same as the horizontal beamwidth of the transmitting antenna section (220).
5. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein, The receiving radiation element (R) m It is powered by a stripline or microstrip PCB.
6. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein, The antenna device also includes 4G, 3G and 2G communication antennas (300, 400).
7. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein, The antenna outer cover (130) of the antenna device includes a low-noise amplifier replacement cover (140) on its back side, which is used to manually open and close to replace the first and second low-noise amplifiers (217-1, 217-2) when they are damaged.
8. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein, The signal cancellation device (231, 232) of the receiving antenna section and the transmitting antenna section of the 5G antenna also uses a circulator or isolator to eliminate interference between the transmitting signal and the receiving signal.
9. The antenna device according to claim 6, wherein, The 5G transmitting antenna section (220) and the 2G, 3G and 4G communication antennas (300, 400) perform radio beam tilting, and the 5G receiving antenna section (210) performs mechanical beam tilting.
10. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein, The power control panel (240) is connected to a control cable terminal (241) for external connection, and the control cable terminal (241) is connected to a remote controller box (243) located remotely via a remote controller connector (242). A surge arrester is also attached to the control cable terminal (241) to prevent lightning strikes that may enter along the cable.
11. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein, The signal cancellation device (231, 232) includes a circulator inside, which can adjust the output gain of the first low noise amplifier (217-1). A variable attenuator is also attached to the output of the first low noise amplifier (217-1), which can remotely adjust the output value of the first low noise amplifier (217-1).
12. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein, The transmitting antenna section (220) is composed of multiple segments and columns or a single column in a vertical and horizontal configuration.