Power management systems, mobile devices, and power management methods

Abstract

This invention discloses a power management system, a mobile device, and a power management method. The power management system includes a switched-capacitor conversion circuit and a switch control module. If the switch control module detects a state match between the first and second terminals of the switched-capacitor conversion circuit, it controls the switched-capacitor conversion circuit to operate in charge pump mode. If the switch control module detects a state mismatch between the first and second terminals of the switched-capacitor conversion circuit, it controls the switched-capacitor conversion circuit to operate in pass-through mode. Therefore, this power management system can operate in pass-through mode when the power at the input terminal of the switched-capacitor conversion circuit cannot meet the power requirement at its output terminal, thereby solving the limitations of battery charging and battery power supply to the load in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power supply, and more particularly to a power management system, a mobile device, and a power management method. Background Technology

[0002] Mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets are using increasingly larger screens and more powerful central processing units (CPUs) and / or graphics processing units (GPUs), with some even featuring foldable screens. Therefore, these devices require increasingly larger batteries to extend their runtime. Existing solutions include using two batteries connected in series to power the mobile devices.

[0003] Figure 1 The diagram shows a schematic of a power management system 100 in a conventional mobile device. This mobile device is powered by two battery cells, Cell1 and Cell2, connected in series. The system load 106 in conventional mobile devices is primarily designed for single-battery operation environments to optimize cost structure; therefore, the system load 106 has an operating voltage compatible with the single-battery voltage. Thus, as... Figure 1 As shown, the power management system 100 includes a buck charging circuit 104 and a switched capacitor conversion circuit 108.

[0004] More specifically, when a main power supply 102 (e.g., an AC-to-DC adapter) is connected to the mobile device, the buck charging circuit 104 converts the voltage VIN (e.g., 5 volts, 9 volts, 12 volts, 20 volts, etc.) provided by the main power supply 102 to a lower voltage V1X suitable for the operation of the system load 106 by alternately turning on the upper switch QH and the lower switch QL. The system switch QSYS in the buck charging circuit 104 is in the ON state. The switched capacitor conversion circuit 108 converts the lower voltage V1X to a higher voltage V2X to charge the battery cells Cell1 and Cell2. The switched capacitor conversion circuit 108 generally includes a capacitor assembly and multiple switches, which, by alternately turning on the multiple switches, convert the input voltage V1X to an output voltage V2X that is proportional to the input voltage V1X, for example: V2X = 2V1X.

[0005] However, the existing power management system 100 has limitations when charging battery cells Cell1 and Cell2. For example, if battery cells Cell1 and Cell2 are in an over-discharged state (e.g., the battery cell voltage is close to zero volts), then the voltages V2X and V1X across the switched capacitor conversion circuit 108 are very small (e.g., close to zero volts). In this case, the switched capacitor conversion circuit 108 may not function properly, i.e., it may not be able to charge battery cells Cell1 and Cell2.

[0006] In another scenario, when no main power supply 102 powers the mobile device, battery cells Cell1 and Cell2 can act as auxiliary power sources to power the mobile device, and more specifically, to power system load 106. Switched-capacitor conversion circuit 108 alternately turns on multiple internal switches, thereby converting the voltage V2X of the series-connected battery cells Cell1 and Cell2 into a supply voltage V1X suitable for the operation of system load 106.

[0007] In the existing power management system 100, there are limitations when battery cells Cell1 and Cell2 supply power to the system load 106. For example, as battery cells Cell1 and Cell2 supply power to the system load 106, the battery voltage V2X gradually decreases, and the supply voltage V1X of the system load 106 also decreases accordingly. When the supply voltage V1X decreases to below the minimum operating voltage of the system load 106, even if battery cells Cell1 and Cell2 still have sufficient charge to provide power, the system load 106 will not function properly due to insufficient supply voltage. As another example, when battery cells Cell1 and Cell2 supply power to the system load 106, if the system load 106 suddenly experiences a heavy load—in other words, if the current consumed by the system load 106 suddenly increases—this may cause the voltage V1X at its supply terminal to drop below the minimum operating voltage of the system load 106, resulting in the system load 106 failing to function properly due to insufficient supply voltage. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a power management system, a mobile device, and a power management method for determining whether the input power at the input terminal of a switched capacitor conversion circuit can meet the power required at its output terminal, and operating in a pass-through mode when the input power does not meet the power required at the output terminal, so that the input power meets the power required at the output terminal, thereby solving the limitations of battery charging and battery power supply to the load in the prior art.

[0009] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention provides a power management system, which includes a switched capacitor conversion circuit. The switched capacitor conversion circuit includes: a first terminal for receiving or outputting first electrical energy; a second terminal for receiving or outputting second electrical energy; a first capacitor including a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first electrode is connected to the second terminal via a first switch and to the first terminal via a second switch, the second electrode is connected to the first terminal via a third switch and to a reference terminal via a fourth switch; and a second capacitor including a third electrode and a fourth electrode, wherein the third electrode is connected to the first electrode of the first capacitor via the second switch and to the second electrode of the first capacitor via the third switch, and the fourth electrode is connected to the reference terminal. The power management system further includes a switch control module connected to the switched capacitor conversion circuit, used to detect whether the state of the first terminal and the state of the second terminal match. If the state of the first terminal and the state of the second terminal match, the switch control module controls the switched capacitor conversion circuit to operate in charge pump mode. If the state of the first terminal and the state of the second terminal do not match, the switch control module controls the switched capacitor conversion circuit to operate in pass-through mode. In charge pump mode, the switch control module alternately turns on a first group of switches and a second group of switches. The first group of switches includes a first switch and a third switch, and the second group of switches includes a second switch and a fourth switch. In pass-through mode, the switch control module turns on the first switch and the second switch, and turns off the third switch.

[0010] The present invention also provides a mobile device, the mobile device including the above-described power management system and a battery managed by the power management system.

[0011] The present invention also provides a power management method, the method comprising: using a switch control module to detect whether the states of a first terminal and a second terminal of a switched capacitor conversion circuit match, wherein the switched capacitor conversion circuit includes a first capacitor having a first electrode and a second electrode, the first electrode being connected to the second terminal via a first switch and to the first terminal via a second switch, the second electrode being connected to the first terminal via a third switch and to a reference terminal via a fourth switch, the switched capacitor conversion circuit further comprising a second capacitor having a third electrode and a fourth electrode, the third electrode being connected to the first electrode of the first capacitor via the second switch and to the second electrode of the first capacitor via the third switch. The fourth terminal is connected to the reference terminal; if the state of the first terminal matches the state of the second terminal, the switch control module controls the switched capacitor conversion circuit to operate in charge pump mode; in charge pump mode, the switch control module alternately turns on the first group of switches and the second group of switches, wherein the first group of switches includes the first switch and the third switch, and the second group of switches includes the second switch and the fourth switch; if the state of the first terminal does not match the state of the second terminal, the switch control module controls the switched capacitor conversion circuit to operate in pass-through mode; and in pass-through mode, the switch control module turns on the first switch and the second switch, and turns off the third switch.

[0012] The power management system, mobile device, and power management method provided by this invention, when detecting a mismatch between the states of the first and second terminals of the switched capacitor conversion circuit, enable the switched capacitor conversion circuit to operate in a pass-through mode by turning on the first and second switches and turning off the third switch. In the pass-through mode, the electrical energy at the input terminal of the switched capacitor conversion circuit can be directly passed to the output terminal through the first and second switches, thereby solving the limitations of battery charging and battery power supply to the load in the prior art. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The objectives, specific structural features, and advantages of the present invention can be further understood through the following description of some embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0014] Figure 1 The diagram shows a module schematic of a power management system in an existing mobile device.

[0015] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of a power management system in a mobile device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2A The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of a power management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2B The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of a power management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2C The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of a power management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2D The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of a power management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a flowchart of a power management method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The following provides a detailed reference to embodiments of the present invention. While the invention has been described and illustrated through these embodiments, it should be noted that the invention is not limited to these embodiments. Rather, the invention encompasses all alternatives, variations, and equivalents within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

[0022] Furthermore, to better illustrate the present invention, numerous specific details are set forth in the following detailed embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention can be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, and circuits have not been described in detail in order to highlight the main points of the invention.

[0023] This invention provides a power management system that utilizes a pass-through mechanism to overcome the limitations of existing power management systems in battery charging and battery-powered load supply. Therefore, even if the battery is in an over-discharged state (e.g., battery voltage close to zero volts), the power management system in this invention can still charge the battery. Furthermore, compared to existing power management systems, the power management system in this invention can more fully utilize battery energy when the battery is supplying power to the load, thereby extending battery life. In addition, when the battery is supplying power to the load, if the load suddenly increases or the current consumed by the load suddenly increases, the power management system in this invention can prevent the load from malfunctioning due to insufficient supply voltage.

[0024] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of a power management system 200 in a mobile device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2When the main power supply 202 is connected to the mobile device, the power management system 200 can be powered by the main power supply 202 and charge the auxiliary power supply 210. The main power supply 202 may include an AC-to-DC adapter with an output voltage of (but not limited to) 5V to 20V. The auxiliary power supply 210 may include one or more rechargeable battery cells connected in series, such as lithium-ion batteries. In one embodiment, the auxiliary power supply 210 includes two rechargeable battery cells connected in series. If the mobile device is not connected to the main power supply 202, it can be powered by the auxiliary power supply 210.

[0025] In one embodiment, the power management system 200 includes a charging circuit 204 (e.g., a buck charger), a switched capacitor converter 208, and a switching control module 222. When the main power supply 202 is connected to the mobile device, the charging circuit 204 converts the voltage V provided by the main power supply 202 into a voltage V. IN Convert to a supply voltage V suitable for system load 206 operating. 1X Under the control of the switch control module 222, the switched capacitor conversion circuit 208 converts the lower voltage V... 1X Converted to a higher voltage V 2X The auxiliary power supply 210 is charged. If the mobile device is not connected to the main power supply 202, the switch control module 222 controls the switched capacitor conversion circuit 208 to charge the higher voltage V provided by the auxiliary power supply 210. 2X Converted to a lower voltage V 1X Power is supplied to system load 206.

[0026] More specifically, such as Figure 2 The switched capacitor conversion circuit 208 includes a first terminal 218, a second terminal 216, and a first capacitor C. FLY Second capacitor C 1X The system comprises four switches: Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4. Terminal 218 can be used to receive or output electrical energy, such as voltage V. 1X The second terminal 216 can be used to receive or output a second electrical energy, such as voltage V. 2X First capacitor C FLY Including the first terminal E1 and the second terminal E2. First capacitor C FLY The first terminal E1 is connected to the second terminal 216 via the first switch Q1, and is also connected to the first terminal 218 via the second switch Q2. The first capacitor C... FLYThe second terminal E2 is connected to the first terminal 218 via the third switch Q3, and to the reference terminal GND (e.g., reference ground) via the fourth switch Q4. The second capacitor C... 1X Including the third terminal E3 and the fourth terminal E4. The second capacitor C. FLY The third electrode E3 passes through the second switch Q2 and the first capacitor C FLY The first terminal E1 is connected, and it is connected to the first capacitor C via the third switch Q3. FLY The second terminal E2 is connected. The second capacitor C... FLY The fourth terminal E4 is connected to the reference terminal GND.

[0027] The switch control module 222 includes a state detection circuit 212 and a switch control circuit 214. The state detection circuit 212 can be used to detect whether the states of the first terminal 218 and the second terminal 216 of the switched capacitor converter circuit 208 match. In one embodiment, if the input power at the input terminal of the switched capacitor converter circuit 208 cannot meet the power required by its output terminal, the states of the first terminal 218 and the second terminal 216 of the switched capacitor converter circuit 208 are considered mismatched. For example, if the power received at the first terminal 218 of the switched capacitor converter circuit 208 cannot meet the power required by the second terminal 216, the state detection circuit 212 determines that the states of the first terminal 218 and the second terminal 216 do not match; otherwise, they match. Similarly, if the power received at the second terminal 216 of the switched capacitor converter circuit 208 cannot meet the power required by the first terminal 218, the state detection circuit 212 determines that the states of the first terminal 218 and the second terminal 216 do not match; otherwise, they match. In one embodiment, the switch control circuit 214 controls the switched capacitor conversion circuit 208 to operate in one of a plurality of operating modes based on the judgment result of the state detection circuit 212. These plurality of operating modes include a charge pump mode and a pass-through mode. More specifically, if the state of the first terminal 218 matches the state of the second terminal 216, the switch control circuit 214 controls the switched capacitor conversion circuit 208 to operate in charge pump mode. If the state of the first terminal 218 does not match the state of the second terminal 216, the switch control circuit 214 controls the switched capacitor conversion circuit 208 to operate in pass-through mode.

[0028] In one embodiment, the first capacitor C FLY Second capacitor C 1XThey have the same capacitance value. Therefore, when the first terminal 218 is the input terminal and the second terminal 216 is the output terminal, in the charge pump mode, the switch control module 222 alternately turns on the first set of switches (including the first switch Q1 and the third switch Q3) and the second set of switches (including the second switch Q2 and the fourth switch Q4), so that the switch capacitor conversion circuit 208 converts the voltage V on the first terminal 218 to the voltage V. 1X Converted to voltage V at the second terminal 216 2X , where voltage V 2X Approximately equal to voltage V 1X Twice that. The "voltage V" described here... 2X Approximately equal to voltage V 1X "Twice" refers to the voltage V under actual conditions. 2X It can be slightly less than the voltage V 1X Twice that, as long as the difference between the two is relatively small, small enough to be negligible. Furthermore, the "first capacitor C" described here... FLY Second capacitor C 1X "Having the same capacitance value" refers to the first capacitor C. FLY Second capacitor C 1X The capacitance values ​​of the capacitors were chosen to be the same, but due to non-ideal factors in reality, the first capacitor C... FLY Second capacitor C 1X There may be a capacitance difference between them, but this difference is relatively small, so small as to be negligible. In another embodiment, when the second terminal 216 is the input terminal and the first terminal 218 is the output terminal, in the charge pump mode, the switch control module 222 alternately turns on the first set of switches (including the first switch Q1 and the third switch Q3) and the second set of switches (including the second switch Q2 and the fourth switch Q4), so that the switch capacitor conversion circuit 208 converts the voltage V on the second terminal 216 to... 2X Converted to voltage V on the first terminal 218 1X , where voltage V 1X Approximately equal to voltage V 2X Half of. The voltage V described here... 1X Approximately equal to voltage V 2X "Half of" refers to the voltage V under actual conditions. 1X It can be slightly less than the voltage V 2X It can be half a time, as long as the difference between the two is relatively small, small enough to be ignored.

[0029] In one embodiment, in the direct-through mode, the switch control module 222 turns on the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2, and turns off the third switch Q3. The fourth switch Q4 can be either on or off. Therefore, in the direct-through mode, the first terminal 218 and the second terminal 216 can be connected via switches Q1 and Q2.

[0030] Figure 2A The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of a power management system 200A according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 The state detection circuit 212 in the middle may include Figure 2A The battery status detection circuit 212A is used in this system. Figure 2A In one example, the mobile device is connected to the main power supply 202 and can charge the auxiliary power supply 210 (e.g., comprising two batteries connected in series). More specifically, the switched capacitor conversion circuit 208 is connected to the battery 210 via a second terminal 216 and converts the first electrical energy on the first terminal 218 (e.g., including voltage V). 1X The second electrical energy (e.g., including voltage V) is applied to the second terminal 216. 2X Charge battery 210. The following is combined with... Figure 2 right Figure 2A Describe it.

[0031] like Figure 2A As shown, the battery state detection circuit 212A is connected to the battery 210 via the battery detection terminal 220A. The battery state detection circuit 212A can detect the voltage V of the battery 210. 2X If the test results show that the voltage V of battery 210 is... 2X Too low, causing the voltage V on the first terminal 218 to be too low. 1X (For example: voltage V) 2X If the voltage (half of the voltage) is too low to provide sufficient voltage to maintain the switched capacitor conversion circuit 208 in charge pump mode, the second terminal 216 will not be able to provide the battery 210 with the required power. Therefore, the battery state detection circuit 212A determines that the state of the first terminal 218 and the state of the second terminal 216 do not match. For example, the battery state detection circuit 212A can detect the voltage V of the battery 210. 2X With the first preset voltage V PRE1 (For example: 3 volts, 3.1 volts, etc.) Compare. If the battery voltage V 2X Less than the first preset voltage V PRE1 If the battery state detection circuit 212A determines that the state of the first terminal 218 and the state of the second terminal 216 do not match, then the battery state detection circuit 212A will determine that the state of the first terminal 218 does not match.

[0032] In one embodiment, the charging circuit 204 selectively operates in one of a plurality of charging modes based on the state of the battery 210, wherein the plurality of charging modes include a pre-charge mode, a constant current charging mode, and a constant voltage charging mode. More specifically, in one embodiment, in the pre-charge mode, the charging circuit 204 can output a lower voltage (e.g., 1 volt, 2.5 volts, 3 volts, etc.); in the constant current charging mode, the charging circuit 204 can output a relatively stable current (e.g., 0.5 amps, 1 amp, 2 amps, etc.) based on the state of the battery 210; and in the constant voltage charging mode, the charging circuit 204 can output a relatively stable voltage (e.g., 4.1 volts, 4.2 volts, etc.). Furthermore, the switched capacitor circuit 208 also selectively operates in one of a plurality of charging modes based on the state of the battery 210, wherein the plurality of operating modes include a charge pump mode and a pass-through mode. In one embodiment, if the battery voltage V 2X Less than the first preset voltage V PRE1 Since battery 210 needs to be charged in pre-charge mode, charging circuit 204 operates in pre-charge mode. Furthermore, switch control circuit 214 controls switched capacitor switching circuit 208 to operate in direct-on mode. More specifically, switch control circuit 214 turns on switches Q1 and Q2 and turns off switch Q3. Therefore, charging circuit 204 can generate a pre-charge voltage to directly charge battery 210.

[0033] In the pre-charge mode, the voltage V of battery 210 2X Gradually increase. If the battery voltage V 2X Increase to the second preset voltage V PRE2 (For example: 4.5 volts, 4.6 volts, etc.), then the switch control circuit 214 controls the switched capacitor conversion circuit 208 to operate in the aforementioned charge pump mode. More specifically, the switch control circuit 214 alternately turns on the first set of switches (including the first switch Q1 and the third switch Q3) and the second set of switches (including the second switch Q2 and the fourth switch Q4). The second preset voltage V... PRE2 Greater than or equal to the first preset voltage V PRE1 .

[0034] Therefore, the power management system 200A in this embodiment of the invention can overcome the limitations of battery charging in the prior art. More specifically, even if the battery voltage is in an over-discharged state (e.g., the battery voltage is very low, possibly even close to zero volts), the switched capacitor conversion circuit 208 in the power management system 200A can operate in a pass-through mode, thereby allowing the charging circuit 204 to generate a pre-charge voltage to directly charge the battery 210.

[0035] As described above, the switched capacitor circuit 208 and the charging circuit 204 can selectively operate in one of several charging modes depending on the state of the battery 210. For example, if the voltage V of the battery 210... 2X Less than or equal to 3 volts (e.g., the first preset voltage V) PRE1 If the battery voltage V..., then the switched capacitor circuit 208 operates in shoot-through mode, and the charging circuit 204 operates in pre-charge mode. 2X If the voltage is greater than 3 volts and less than or equal to 4.5 volts, the switched capacitor circuit 208 operates in direct-flow mode, and the charging circuit 204 operates in constant-current charging mode (e.g., charging current below 0.5 amps) or constant-voltage charging mode. If the battery voltage V 2X Greater than 4.5 volts (e.g., second preset voltage V) PRE2 If the voltage is less than or equal to 6 volts, the switched capacitor circuit 208 operates in charge pump mode, and the charging circuit 204 operates in pre-charge mode. If the battery voltage V... 2X If the voltage is greater than 6 volts, the switched capacitor circuit 208 operates in charge pump mode, and the charging circuit 204 operates in constant current charging mode or constant voltage charging mode.

[0036] Figure 2B The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of a power management system 200B according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 The state detection circuit 212 in the middle may include Figure 2B The battery status detection circuit 212B is used in this system. Figure 2B In this example, the mobile device is not connected to a mains power source. Therefore, battery 210 powers the system load 206. More specifically, the switched capacitor conversion circuit 208 is connected to the system load 206 via a first terminal 218 and to the battery 210 via a second terminal 216, and converts the electrical energy from the battery 210 (e.g., including voltage V) into power. 2X ) is converted into first electrical energy (e.g., including voltage V) 1X This supplies power to the system load 206. The following is combined with... Figure 2 right Figure 2B Describe it.

[0037] like Figure 2B As shown, the battery state detection circuit 212B is connected to the battery 210 via the battery detection terminal 220B. The battery state detection circuit 212B can detect the voltage V of the battery 210. 2X If the test results show that the voltage V at the second terminal of battery 210... 2X The voltage V on the first terminal 218 is lower after conversion by charge pump 208. 1X (For example: voltage V) 2XIf the voltage of battery 210 is also low (half of the original voltage), and cannot provide sufficient voltage to maintain the operation of system load 206, then battery state detection circuit 212B determines that the state of the first terminal 218 and the state of the second terminal 216 do not match. For example, battery state detection circuit 212B can detect the voltage V of battery 210. 2X With the third preset voltage V PRE3 (For example: 5.2 volts, 5 volts, etc.) Compare. If the battery voltage V 2X Less than the third preset voltage V PRE3 If the battery state detection circuit 212B determines that the state of the first terminal 218 and the state of the second terminal 216 do not match, then the battery state detection circuit 212B will determine that ...

[0038] In one embodiment, the switch control circuit 214 controls the switching capacitor switching circuit 208 based on the detection result of the battery state detection circuit 212B. For example, if the detection result shows a voltage V... 2X Less than the third preset voltage V PRE3 Then, the switch control circuit 214 controls the switched capacitor conversion circuit 208 to operate in direct mode. The third preset voltage V... PRE3 The third preset voltage V is determined based on the operating voltage range of the system load 206. More specifically, it is determined based on the operating voltage range of the system load 206. PRE3 Less than or equal to the maximum operating voltage of the system load 206, and the third preset voltage V PRE3 Half of that is slightly greater than or equal to the minimum operating voltage of the system load 206. Therefore, in one embodiment, if the battery voltage V 2X Greater than or equal to the third preset voltage V PRE3 Then the switched capacitor conversion circuit 208 can operate in charge pump mode, and the output voltage V generated at the first terminal 218 is... 1X The minimum operating voltage is greater than the system load of 206. If the battery voltage V... 2X Less than the third preset voltage V PRE3 In the case of the switched capacitor conversion circuit 208 operating in direct mode, the battery voltage V... 2X The power supply passes through switches Q1 and Q2 to the first terminal 218, providing power to the system load 206. In direct-through mode, the output voltage V generated by the switched capacitor conversion circuit 208 at the first terminal 218... 2X The voltage is less than or equal to the maximum operating voltage of system load 206, and greater than or equal to the minimum operating voltage of system load 206. Therefore, system load 206 can continue to operate normally.

[0039] Therefore, the power management system 200B in this embodiment of the invention can overcome the limitations of the prior art where the battery powers the system load. More specifically, even if the battery voltage V 2XThe voltage V was reduced, resulting in a lower supply voltage V in charge pump mode. 1X If the system load 206 may no longer be able to maintain normal operation, the switched capacitor conversion circuit 208 in the power management system 200B can operate in pass-through mode to switch the battery voltage V. 2X It directly supplies power to the system load 206, thereby extending the battery life.

[0040] Figure 2C The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of a power management system 200C according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 The state detection circuit 212 in the middle may include Figure 2C The load status detection circuit 212C is used in this system. Figure 2C In this example, the mobile device is not connected to the main power supply. Therefore, the auxiliary power supply 210 supplies power to the system load 206. More specifically, the switched capacitor conversion circuit 208 is connected to the system load 206 via a first terminal 218 and to the auxiliary power supply 210 via a second terminal 216, and converts the electrical energy (e.g., including voltage V) from the auxiliary power supply 210 into power. 2X ) is converted into first electrical energy (e.g., including voltage V) 1X This supplies power to the system load 206. The following is combined with... Figure 2 right Figure 2C Describe it.

[0041] like Figure 2C As shown, the load status detection circuit 212C is connected to the system load 206 via the load detection terminal 220C. The load status detection circuit 212C can detect the supply voltage V of the system load 206. 1X If the detection results show that the load of system load 206 suddenly increases, such that the switched capacitor conversion circuit 208 in charge pump mode is unable to provide sufficient voltage to system load 206 for a short period of time, the load status detection circuit 212C determines that the state of the first terminal 218 and the state of the second terminal 216 do not match. More specifically, if the load of system load 206 suddenly increases, this may cause the voltage V on the first terminal 218 to... 1X The voltage suddenly drops, while the voltage V on the second terminal 216... 2X Because it has undergone conversion by charge pump 208 (e.g., through capacitor C) FLY and C 1x (The charge / discharge buffer) cannot prevent the voltage V on the first terminal 218. 1X The load suddenly drops. In this situation, the load status detection circuit 212C determines that the state of the first terminal 218 and the state of the second terminal 216 do not match.

[0042] For example, if the load status detection circuit 212C detects the voltage V on the first terminal 218... 1XThe voltage remains below the fourth preset voltage V. PRE4 If the duration exceeds a preset time Δt, the load state detection circuit 212C can determine that the state of the first terminal 218 and the state of the second terminal 216 do not match, and instruct the switch control circuit 214 to control the switch capacitor conversion circuit 208 to operate in direct mode. The fourth preset voltage V... PRE4 This can be a value very close to and greater than the minimum operating voltage of the system load 206. To illustrate further, if the load status detection circuit 212C detects a voltage V on the first terminal 218... 1X The rate of decline dV 1X If / dt is greater than the preset rate, the load state detection circuit 212C can determine that the state of the first terminal 218 and the state of the second terminal 216 do not match, and instruct the switch control circuit 214 to control the switch capacitor conversion circuit 208 to operate in shoot-through mode. In shoot-through mode, the higher battery voltage V 2X The voltage supply to the system load 206 can be quickly pulled up to its normal operating voltage level by applying the switches Q1 and Q2 directly to the first terminal 218. When the system load 206 stabilizes (e.g., when the current consumed by the system load 206 is relatively stable), the switched capacitor switching circuit 208 can switch from the pass-through mode to the charge pump mode.

[0043] Therefore, the power management system 200C in this embodiment of the invention can overcome the limitations of the prior art where the battery powers the system load. More specifically, even if the system load 206 suddenly increases, causing the supply voltage V of the system load 206 to drop, the power management system can still provide power to the system load. 1X In the event of a sudden drop, the switched capacitor conversion circuit 208 in the power management system 200C can operate in pass-through mode, converting the higher battery voltage V... 2X The system load 206 is directly powered, thereby quickly pulling up the power supply voltage of the system load 206 and maintaining the normal operation of the system load 206.

[0044] In addition, the power management system in this embodiment of the invention can also solve the limitations that may exist when supplying power to the system load 206 in direct charging mode. Figure 2D The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of a power management system 200D according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 The state detection circuit 212 in the middle may include Figure 2D The load status detection circuit 212D in the [system / process]. Figure 2DIn one example, the mobile device is connected to the main power supply 202D. The main power supply 202D includes a power source that can output a preset power according to the state of the battery 210. For example, the power management system 200D may include a controller for generating control commands based on the state of the battery 210 and sending the commands to the main power supply 202D. The main power supply 202D can generate a preset current or voltage according to the command, and directly charge the battery 210 through the direct charging channel 226. The direct charging channel 226 can also be called a fast charging path. When the direct charging channel 226 is on, the charging circuit 204 is disabled. As another example, the battery state monitoring and control circuit in the power management system 200D can send a sensing signal indicating the state of the battery 210 to the main power supply 202D. The main power supply 202D can generate an appropriate charging current or charging voltage according to the sensing signal and charge the battery 210 through the direct charging channel.

[0045] exist Figure 2D In one example, the main power supply 202D, in addition to charging the battery 210, can also supply power to the system load 206 via the switched capacitor conversion circuit 208. In one embodiment, similar to... Figure 2C In the case of a sudden increase in the load of the system load 206 detected by the load status detection circuit 212D (e.g., the voltage V on the first terminal 218), the load status detection circuit 212D will detect a sudden increase in the load of the system load 206 (e.g., the voltage V on the first terminal 218). 1X The voltage remains below the fourth preset voltage V. PRE4 And the duration is greater than the preset time Δt; or the voltage V on the first terminal 218 1X The rate of decline dV 1X If / dt is greater than the preset rate, the load state detection circuit 212D can determine that the state of the first terminal 218 and the state of the second terminal 216 do not match, and the control circuit 214 controls the switched capacitor conversion circuit 208 to operate in direct-through mode. In direct-through mode, the higher battery voltage V 2X The voltage supply to the system load 206 can be quickly pulled up to its normal operating voltage level by directly applying switches Q1 and Q2 to the first terminal 218. When the system load 206 stabilizes (e.g., when the current consumed by the system load 206 is relatively stable), the switched capacitor switching circuit 208 can switch from pass-through mode to charge pump mode. Therefore, the power management system 200D in this embodiment can solve the limitations that may exist when the main power supply 202D supplies power to the system load 206 in the case of direct charging (or fast charging).

[0046] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic flowchart of a power management method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The following is in conjunction with... Figure 2 , Figure 2A , Figure 2B and Figure 2C right Figure 3 A description will be provided. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 3 The specific steps covered are merely illustrative. That is to say, the invention is applicable to other reasonable processes or modifications. Figure 3 The steps to make improvements.

[0047] In step 302, the switch control module 222 detects whether the state of the first terminal 218 and the state of the second terminal 216 of the switched capacitor conversion circuit 208 match.

[0048] In step 304, if the state of the first terminal 218 matches the state of the second terminal 216, the switch control module 222 controls the switched capacitor conversion circuit 208 to operate in charge pump mode.

[0049] In step 306, in charge pump mode, the switch control module 222 alternately turns on the first group of switches and the second group of switches, wherein the first group of switches includes the first switch Q1 and the third switch Q3, and the second group of switches includes the second switch Q2 and the fourth switch Q4.

[0050] In step 308, if the state of the first terminal 218 and the state of the second terminal 216 do not match, the switch control module 222 controls the switched capacitor conversion circuit 208 to operate in the pass-through mode.

[0051] In step 310, in the through mode, the switch control module 222 turns on the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2, and turns off the third switch Q3.

[0052] In summary, the power management system, mobile device, and power management method in the embodiments of the present invention can control the switched capacitor conversion circuit to operate in a pass-through mode when the input and output states of the switched capacitor conversion circuit are mismatched (e.g., when the input power is insufficient to continuously meet the output power requirements), thereby allowing the input power to be directly supplied to the output. Therefore, this solves the limitations of battery charging and battery power supply to the load in the prior art.

[0053] The wording and expressions used herein are illustrative and not limiting, and their use does not exclude any equivalents (or partial equivalents) of the features illustrated and described herein from the scope of the invention. Various modifications may exist within the scope of the claims. Other modifications, variations, and substitutions may also exist. Therefore, the claims are intended to cover all such equivalents.

Claims

1. A power management system, the power management system comprising: A switched-capacitor conversion circuit, wherein the switched-capacitor conversion circuit includes: The first end is used to receive or output the first electrical energy; The second terminal is used to receive or output a second electrical energy; A first capacitor comprising a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first electrode is connected to the second terminal via a first switch and to the first terminal via a second switch, and the second electrode is connected to the first terminal via a third switch and to a reference terminal via a fourth switch; and A second capacitor including a third and a fourth electrode, wherein the third electrode is connected to the first electrode of the first capacitor via a second switch and to the second electrode of the first capacitor via the third switch, and the fourth electrode is connected to the reference terminal; and A switch control module connected to the switched capacitor conversion circuit includes a state detection circuit and a switch control circuit. The state detection circuit detects whether the states of the first terminal and the second terminal match. If the states of the first terminal and the second terminal match, the switch control circuit in the switch control module controls the switched capacitor conversion circuit to operate in charge pump mode. If the states of the first terminal and the second terminal do not match, the switch control circuit controls the switched capacitor conversion circuit to operate in pass-through mode. In the charge pump mode, the switch control module alternately turns on a first set of switches and a second set of switches. The first set of switches includes the first switch and the third switch, and the second set of switches includes the second switch and the fourth switch. In the direct-through mode, the switch control module turns on the first switch and the second switch, and turns off the third switch. The switched capacitor conversion circuit is connected to the battery through the second terminal, and in the direct mode, it converts the first electrical energy received by the first terminal into the second electrical energy to charge the battery. If the voltage of the battery is less than the first preset voltage, the switch control module determines that the state of the first terminal and the state of the second terminal do not match.

2. The power management system according to claim 1, wherein, The power management system further includes: a charging circuit, used to selectively operate in one of a variety of charging modes, including a pre-charging mode, a constant current charging mode, and a constant voltage charging mode, according to the state of the battery, wherein if the voltage of the battery is less than the first preset voltage, the charging circuit operates in the pre-charging mode, and the switch control module controls the switched capacitor conversion circuit to operate in the pass-through mode.

3. The power management system according to claim 2, wherein, If the voltage of the battery increases to a second preset voltage, the switch control module controls the switched capacitor conversion circuit to operate in the charge pump mode, wherein the second preset voltage is greater than or equal to the first preset voltage.

4. The power management system according to claim 1, wherein, The switched capacitor conversion circuit is connected to the load via the first terminal and converts the electrical energy from the battery into the first electrical energy output from the first terminal to power the load. If the voltage of the battery is less than a third preset voltage, the switch control module determines that the state of the first terminal and the state of the second terminal do not match, and controls the switched capacitor conversion circuit to work in the pass-through mode, wherein the third preset voltage is determined according to the operating voltage range of the load.

5. The power management system according to claim 4, wherein, In the direct-through mode, the output voltage generated by the switched capacitor conversion circuit at the first terminal is less than or equal to the maximum operating voltage of the load and greater than or equal to the minimum operating voltage of the load.

6. The power management system according to claim 4, wherein, If the voltage of the battery is greater than the third preset voltage, the switched capacitor conversion circuit operates in the charge pump mode, and the output voltage generated at the first terminal is greater than the minimum operating voltage of the load.

7. The power management system according to claim 1, wherein, The switched capacitor conversion circuit is connected to the load through the first terminal and converts the electrical energy from the battery into the first electrical energy output from the first terminal to power the load. If the voltage on the first terminal is continuously less than a fourth preset voltage and the duration is greater than a preset time, the switch control module determines that the state of the first terminal and the state of the second terminal do not match, and controls the switched capacitor conversion circuit to work in the pass-through mode.

8. The power management system according to claim 1, wherein, The switched capacitor conversion circuit is connected to the load via the first terminal and converts the electrical energy from the battery into the first electrical energy output from the first terminal to power the load. If the voltage drop rate at the first terminal is greater than a preset rate, the switch control module determines that the state of the first terminal and the state of the second terminal do not match, and controls the switched capacitor conversion circuit to operate in the pass-through mode.

9. A mobile device, the mobile device comprising: The power management system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the battery managed by the power management system.

10. A power management method, the management method comprising: A switch control module is used to detect whether the states of the first terminal and the second terminal of the switched capacitor conversion circuit match. The switched capacitor conversion circuit includes a first capacitor with a first pole and a second pole. The first pole is connected to the second terminal via a first switch and to the first terminal via a second switch. The second pole is connected to the first terminal via a third switch and to a reference terminal via a fourth switch. The switched capacitor conversion circuit also includes a second capacitor with a third pole and a fourth pole. The third pole is connected to the first pole of the first capacitor via the second switch and to the second pole of the first capacitor via the third switch. The fourth pole is connected to the reference terminal. If the state of the first end matches the state of the second end, then the switched capacitor conversion circuit is controlled to operate in charge pump mode; In the charge pump mode, the first set of switches and the second set of switches are alternately turned on, wherein the first set of switches includes the first switch and the third switch, and the second set of switches includes the second switch and the fourth switch; If the states of the first terminal and the second terminal do not match, the switched capacitor switching circuit is controlled to operate in pass-through mode; and In the direct-through mode, the first switch and the second switch are turned on, and the third switch is turned off, and The switched capacitor conversion circuit is connected to the battery via the second terminal and converts the first electrical energy received by the first terminal into second electrical energy to charge the battery in the direct mode. If the voltage of the battery is less than a first preset voltage, the switch control module determines that the state of the first terminal and the state of the second terminal do not match.

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