Intelligent skin of marine organism based on friction nanogenerator

Abstract

The application provides a marine organism intelligent skin based on a friction nanogenerator, which comprises a flexible shell, an array power generation unit and a circuit management unit. The array power generation unit comprises a first power generation sheet, a plurality of intermediate power generation sheets and a terminal power generation sheet, the first power generation sheet, the intermediate power generation sheets and the terminal power generation sheet are arranged in a domino array, the first power generation sheet comprises a PET layer and a conductive ink layer, and the conductive ink layer is arranged on the side close to the intermediate power generation sheets, the intermediate power generation sheet comprises a PTFE layer, a conductive ink layer, a PET layer, a support material layer, a PET layer and a conductive ink layer which are arranged in sequence, and the terminal power generation sheet comprises a PTFE layer, a conductive ink layer and a PET layer which are arranged in sequence, and the PTFE layer is arranged on the side close to the intermediate power generation sheets. The friction material and the dielectric material of the friction nanogenerator are separated under the action of the marine organism movement and water pressure, an induced charge is generated, the monitoring precision is improved, and the risk of marine pollution is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of self-powered sensors for marine organisms, and more particularly to a smart skin for marine organisms based on a triboelectric nanogenerator. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, monitoring of marine biological resources primarily utilizes underwater acoustic technologies such as sonar and multi-frequency acoustics, enabling long-distance, large-scale monitoring with minimal impact from seawater turbidity. However, acoustic monitoring suffers from inaccurate target identification, limited information carrying capacity, and transmission delays. With increasing marine environmental noise and significant underwater acoustic effects, underwater target monitoring faces substantial challenges. Another monitoring method utilizes optical technology, specifically underwater machine vision based on optical images. While it can observe the morphology of marine organisms, it requires specific lighting conditions. Furthermore, severe seawater turbidity hinders image processing, limiting its application. Finally, some methods employ invasive electronic tags to track and obtain information on marine organism behavior, geographical location, and environment. These invasive tags can monitor marine organism behavior and environmental changes in real time; appropriately sized and weighted tags do not affect the organisms' movement patterns, habits, or swimming resistance. However, invasive electronic tags can pose certain health risks to marine life. Furthermore, electronic tags use traditional electronic devices and batteries for power, which have limited lifespans and may also suffer from drawbacks such as leakage, corrosion, and damage, which can easily pollute the marine environment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a marine biological smart skin based on triboelectric nanogenerator. It mainly utilizes the contact separation of the triboelectric material and dielectric material of the triboelectric nanogenerator under the action of marine biological movement and water pressure to generate induced charge, which forms current through an external circuit. Different electrical signals are generated to monitor different postures of marine biological movement, thereby enabling long-term, efficient and real-time tracking of marine organisms.

[0004] The technical means employed in this invention are as follows:

[0005] A marine bio-intelligent skin based on triboelectric nanogenerators, comprising:

[0006] A flexible housing having a hollow accommodating space;

[0007] An array power generation unit includes a first power generation plate, several intermediate power generation plates, and a final power generation plate arranged sequentially. The first power generation plate, the intermediate power generation plates, and the final power generation plate are arranged in a domino-like array.

[0008] The first power-generating element includes a PET layer and a conductive ink layer, with the conductive ink layer disposed on the side closest to the middle power-generating element.

[0009] The intermediate power-generating sheet comprises, in sequence, a PTFE layer, a conductive ink layer, a PET layer, a support material layer, another PET layer, and a conductive ink layer.

[0010] The terminal power-generating element comprises a PTFE layer, a conductive ink layer, and a PET layer arranged sequentially, with the PTFE layer disposed on the side closest to the middle power-generating element.

[0011] Two adjacent power generating plates can form a power generating module by rubbing against each other.

[0012] The circuit management unit collects electrical energy generated by the power generation unit and transmits the collected electrical energy to external devices.

[0013] Furthermore, the PTFE layer of the intermediate power-generating chip is bonded to the adjacent conductive ink layer with an adhesive around its perimeter, leaving an air layer in the middle.

[0014] Furthermore, the two PET layers of the intermediate power generation sheet are respectively bonded to the support material layer using adhesive, without leaving an air layer in between.

[0015] Furthermore, the circuit management unit collects the electrical energy generated by each power generation module in parallel.

[0016] Furthermore, the circuit management unit includes a rectifier bridge, capacitors, switches, resistors, and external devices;

[0017] The current generated by the adjacent power generation modules is connected to the AC input of the two rectifier bridges respectively, and the outputs of the two rectifier bridges are connected in parallel and then connected to the two ends of the capacitor respectively.

[0018] The switch is connected in series with the resistor and then in parallel with the capacitor.

[0019] External devices are connected in parallel with capacitors.

[0020] Furthermore, the flexible shell is prepared by using a 3D printed mold and then casting it with silicone.

[0021] Furthermore, the external equipment includes energy storage equipment, electrical equipment, or analytical equipment.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0023] 1. This invention is made of flexible material, which is lightweight and its compact design allows it to be worn by various marine animals of all sizes without damaging their bodies or underwater behavior.

[0024] 2. This invention employs an elastic silicone base plate design, which can withstand torsion or significant pressure. Furthermore, silicone is an environmentally friendly and harmless material, the equipment is non-invasive, and will not harm marine life. The material also has good hydrophobicity, which can reduce seawater corrosion.

[0025] 3. This invention uses a triboelectric nanogenerator unit, which generates electricity by the movement of marine organisms themselves, directly powering relevant sensors. It is environmentally friendly, pollution-free, and usable.

[0026] 4. The triboelectric nanogenerator of this invention has an array structure, and the number of intermediate power generation plates can be adjusted according to needs, thereby adjusting the number of power generation modules, which facilitates its widespread application. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the intelligent marine biological skin of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power-generating plate in the middle of the intelligent skin for marine organisms according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the power generation principle of the intelligent marine biological skin of this invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the marine biological intelligent skin circuit management unit of the present invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Flexible outer shell; 2. Power generation unit; A1. First power generation unit; A2-A n-1 Intermediate generator sheet, A n 3. End-generator, 4. PET layer, 5. Conductive ink layer, 6. PTFE layer, 7. Conductive ink layer, 8-9. PET layer, 10-11. Generator module, 12. Rectifier bridge, 13. Capacitor, 14. Switch, 15. Resistor, 16. External device, 17. Wire. Detailed Implementation

[0033] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a marine biological smart skin based on a triboelectric nanogenerator, comprising: a flexible shell 1, an array power generation unit, and a circuit management unit.

[0036] The flexible outer shell 1 has a hollow accommodating space for accommodating the array power generation units. Further, in this embodiment, the flexible outer shell is fabricated by casting with silicone after using a 3D-printed mold.

[0037] The array power generation unit includes a first power generation cell A1 and several intermediate power generation cells A2,...,A1 arranged sequentially. n-1 And a terminal power generation unit A n And the first power generation unit A1, each intermediate power generation unit A2,...,A n-1 and terminal power generation unit A n They are arranged in a domino-like array. Specifically, the first power-generating sheet A1 includes a PET layer and a conductive ink layer, with the conductive ink layer located on the side closest to the middle power-generating sheet. The middle power-generating sheets A2,...,A n-1 Having the same structure, such as Figure 2 As shown, it includes, in sequence, a PTFE layer, a conductive ink layer, a PET layer, a support material layer, another PET layer, and another conductive ink layer. End-generator A n It includes a PTFE layer, a conductive ink layer, and a PET layer arranged in sequence, with the PTFE layer located on the side closest to the central power generation unit.

[0038] Furthermore, the PTFE layer of the intermediate power-generating sheet is bonded to the adjacent conductive ink layer with adhesive around its perimeter, leaving an air gap in between. The two PET layers of the intermediate power-generating sheet are respectively bonded to the supporting material layer with adhesive, without any air gap in between.

[0039] A power generation module can be formed by rubbing any two adjacent power generating electrodes together. Specifically, a power generation module includes a first friction electrode layer, a dielectric layer, and a second friction electrode layer. Alternating current is generated by alternating friction between the first and second friction electrode layers and the dielectric layer. For example, a power generation module can be formed by using a first power generating electrode and a second power generating electrode. This module includes a first friction electrode layer composed of a PET layer and a conductive ink layer of the first power generating electrode, a dielectric layer composed of a PTFE layer of the second power generating electrode, and a second friction electrode layer composed of a first PET layer and an ink layer of the second power generating electrode. A power generation module can also be formed by using a second power generating electrode and a third power generating electrode. This module includes a first friction electrode layer composed of a second PET layer and a conductive ink layer of the second power generating electrode, a dielectric layer composed of a PTFE layer of the third power generating electrode, and a second friction electrode layer composed of a first PET layer and an ink layer of the third power generating electrode. And so on, n-1 power generation modules can be obtained.

[0040] The power generation process is as follows Figure 3 As shown, the power generation principle of the power generation module is contact electrification and electrostatic induction coupling. In the initial state, no charge is generated, and there is no potential difference between the first and second friction electrode layers and the dielectric layer. When the power generation unit is subjected to external forces such as the swaying of marine organisms, the second friction electrode layer and the dielectric layer come into contact with each other. Due to the triboelectric effect, charge transfer occurs at the contact points of the two materials. Electrons from the surface of the triboelectric electrode layer transfer to the surface of the PTFE dielectric layer, making the PTFE dielectric layer negatively charged and the second triboelectric electrode layer positively charged. When the external force on the power generation unit decreases, the PTFE dielectric layer tends to return to its original position due to its elasticity. As the two charged surfaces separate, a potential difference is formed between the electrodes in an open circuit, resulting in charge transfer and current generation in the external circuit. When the PTFE dielectric layer returns to its original position, a new potential equilibrium is achieved between the electrodes. Due to inertial forces, the PTFE dielectric layer gradually comes into contact with the first triboelectric electrode, resulting in charge transfer. The PTFE dielectric layer becomes negatively charged, and the first triboelectric electrode layer becomes positively charged, generating charge transfer in the opposite direction to the previous process, forming a current in the opposite direction. Afterward, the PTFE dielectric layer returns to its initial state again. The entire process generates alternating current.

[0041] Each power generation module requires two wires. One wire connects to the first friction electrode layer at one end and extends out of the flexible outer shell to connect to the positive terminal of the electrometer at the other end. The other wire connects to the second friction electrode layer at one end and extends out of the flexible outer shell to connect to the negative terminal of the electrometer at the other end. Each power generation unit is externally connected to a set of wires. Multiple sets of wires are connected in parallel and led out from the gaps left in the silicone-sealed outer shell. The gaps are filled with silicone and then sealed with hot melt adhesive.

[0042] The circuit management unit collects electrical energy generated by the power generation module and transmits the collected electrical energy to external devices. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the external devices include energy storage devices, power-consuming devices, or analytical devices. Specifically, the energy storage device can be a battery, storing electrical energy for use by other electrical appliances. Alternatively, the electrical energy generated by the power generation module can directly power power-consuming devices such as sensors. Furthermore, the electrical signals can be wirelessly transmitted to analytical devices to analyze the postures of marine organisms through different electrical signals. Monitoring the movement of marine organisms via electrical signals allows for long-term, efficient, and real-time tracking of marine life, contributing to the acquisition of marine information, the development of marine ranches, and the protection of the marine environment.

[0043] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the circuit management unit collects the electrical energy generated by each power generation module in parallel. The circuit management unit includes a rectifier bridge, capacitor, switch, resistor, and external devices. The current generated by adjacent power generation modules is connected to the AC input of two rectifier bridges respectively. The outputs of the two rectifier bridges are connected in parallel and then connected to the two ends of the capacitor respectively. The switch and resistor are connected in series and then in parallel with the capacitor. The external devices are connected in parallel with the capacitor.

[0044] In this invention, all components that come into contact with seawater and organisms are treated with anti-corrosion and waterproof measures.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A marine biological smart skin based on a triboelectric nanogenerator, characterized in that, include: A flexible housing having a hollow accommodating space; An array power generation unit includes a first power generation plate, several intermediate power generation plates, and a final power generation plate arranged sequentially. The first power generation plate, the intermediate power generation plates, and the final power generation plate are arranged in a domino-like array. The first power-generating element includes a PET layer and a conductive ink layer, with the conductive ink layer disposed on the side closest to the middle power-generating element. The intermediate power-generating sheet comprises, in sequence, a PTFE layer, a conductive ink layer, a PET layer, a support material layer, another PET layer, and a conductive ink layer. The terminal power-generating element comprises a PTFE layer, a conductive ink layer, and a PET layer arranged sequentially, with the PTFE layer disposed on the side closest to the middle power-generating element. Two adjacent power generating plates can form a power generating module by rubbing against each other. The circuit management unit collects electrical energy generated by the power generation unit and transmits the collected electrical energy to external devices. The PTFE layer of the intermediate power-generating chip is bonded to the adjacent conductive ink layer with adhesive around the perimeter, and an air layer is left in the middle. The circuit management unit collects the electrical energy generated by each power generation module in parallel. The two PET layers of the intermediate power-generating element are respectively bonded to the support material layer using adhesive, with no air gaps in between.

2. The marine bio-intelligent skin based on triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circuit management unit includes a rectifier bridge, capacitors, switches, resistors, and external devices. The current generated by the adjacent power generation modules is connected to the AC input of the two rectifier bridges respectively, and the outputs of the two rectifier bridges are connected in parallel and then connected to the two ends of the capacitor respectively. The switch is connected in series with the resistor and then in parallel with the capacitor. External devices are connected in parallel with capacitors.

3. The marine bio-intelligent skin based on a triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible shell is prepared by using a 3D printed mold and then casting it with silicone.

4. The marine bio-intelligent skin based on triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external equipment includes energy storage equipment, electrical equipment, or analytical equipment.

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