A control system and pressing method for an intelligent PCB lamination and assembly equipment

Abstract

This invention discloses an intelligent PCB lamination and assembly equipment control system and lamination method. The PCB lamination and assembly equipment control system includes a hardware execution unit, a signal input unit, and a control unit. The hardware execution unit includes a conveying mechanism and a fixture mounted on the conveying mechanism for positioning the PCB and the PCB base, a clamping mechanism for performing assembly actions, a lamination device for performing lamination actions, and a camera module for collecting product information. The signal input unit includes a pressure sensor, a fixture positioning sensor, and operation buttons for providing external signals. The control unit includes a data acquisition system, a press control unit, a clamping mechanism control unit, an image processing system, and a central processing unit. The central processing unit is equipped with a lamination operation system, which realizes the automation and intelligence of PCB lamination and assembly, ensuring that the product is properly laminationd even when the product is within a fluctuating range, thereby improving the lamination yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lamination equipment technology, and more specifically, to an intelligent PCB lamination assembly equipment control system and lamination method. Background Technology

[0002] In the manufacturing process of electronic products, the connection methods between connectors and PCBs are mainly divided into press fit, through hole soldering, and surface mount technology (SMT). Among them, press fit has been widely used in industries such as communications, computers, and automotive electronics due to its advantages of low cost, high efficiency, simple operation, lead-free construction, strong shock resistance, and high reliability.

[0003] During the lamination process, the PCB holes and pins are first aligned, and then the equipment is used to press them together. Traditional lamination equipment uses fixed pressure or fixed pressing stroke to press the product. When the product lamination precision is high, the pressing pressure and pressing stroke cannot be adjusted according to the differences in the dimensional tolerances of the product fit, which can easily lead to poor lamination. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide an intelligent PCB lamination and assembly equipment control system, which realizes the automation and intelligence of PCB lamination and assembly, ensures that the product is properly laminationd when the product is within the fluctuation range, and improves the lamination yield.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a control system for an intelligent PCB lamination assembly equipment, comprising a hardware execution unit, a signal input unit, and a control unit. The hardware execution unit includes a conveying mechanism and a fixture mounted on the conveying mechanism for positioning the PCB and the PCB base, a clamping mechanism for performing assembly actions, a lamination device for performing lamination actions, and a camera module for collecting product information. The signal input unit includes a pressure sensor, a fixture positioning sensor, and an operation button for providing external signals. The control unit includes a data acquisition system, a press control unit, a clamping mechanism control unit, an image processing system, and a central processing unit. The central processing unit contains a lamination operation system, which realizes the lamination stroke of the lamination assembly equipment through the lamination device, pressure sensor, data acquisition system, press control unit, and central processing unit.

[0006] The above technical solution achieves automation and intelligence in PCB pressing assembly through clamping mechanism, pressing device, camera module, pressure sensor, fixture positioning sensor and control unit, and achieves the technical effect of adjusting the pressing pressure and pressing stroke through the pressing operation system.

[0007] Furthermore, the pressing operation system sequentially includes a rapid pressing stroke, a slow positioning stroke, a pressing stroke, and a pressure holding stroke. During the rapid pressing stroke, the pressing device presses down until it reaches the designated position so that the pressure head is no longer in contact with the product. After the pressing device stabilizes, the pressure feedback is 0. During the slow positioning stroke, the pressing device presses down and contacts the PCB bottom shell. The pressure shows numerical feedback, and the pressure reaches the initial set value F0, at which point the pressing stops. During the pressing stroke, the press gradually presses down, and the pressure gradually increases until it reaches the pressure peak value F1.

[0008] The holding pressure stroke is divided into the No. 1 holding pressure stroke, which has a support structure on the bottom shell below the PCB, and the No. 2 holding pressure stroke, which has no support structure on the bottom shell below the PCB.

[0009] When the holding pressure stroke is the first holding pressure stroke, the pressing device continues to press down, and the pressure gradually decreases. When the PCB contacts the support structure, the pressure begins to gradually increase. When the pressure F2 = F1 during the holding pressure stroke, the pressing device stops pressing down.

[0010] When the pressure holding stroke is the second pressure holding stroke, the pressing device continues to press down. During the pressure holding stroke, the pressure F2 gradually decreases. When the relative position moves to the set value Xn, the pressing stops.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, products with different pressing accuracy requirements can be pressed and assembled. The pressing and assembly accuracy is high and the assembly yield is excellent. Furthermore, it can be pressed and assembled for different assembly structures, such as those with a support structure on the bottom shell under the PCB and those without a support structure on the bottom shell under the PCB.

[0012] Furthermore, the hardware execution unit is also equipped with a cabinet, the conveying mechanism is mounted on the cabinet, the fixture is mounted on the conveying mechanism, the clamping mechanism is mounted on one side above the cabinet, the pressing device is mounted on the other side of the cabinet, and the camera module is mounted on the clamping mechanism.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom of the fixture is also equipped with a lifting device to prevent the fixture from sinking.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the lifting device is used to support the fixture and prevent the fixture from sinking during the pressing process.

[0015] Furthermore, the hardware execution unit is electrically connected to an indicator light and is also equipped with an emergency stop switch; the signal input unit also includes operation buttons for providing external signals, a fixture positioning sensor, and a touch screen for simulating input / output signals; the control unit also includes a data upload system.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the indicator lights indicate the status of the pressing process. When an abnormality occurs during the pressing process, pressing the emergency stop switch will stop the process immediately and cut off all dangerous inputs / outputs. The touch screen simulates the input / output signals and displays them on the screen through program retrieval. The data upload system collects the pressing assembly data and uploads it to the database.

[0017] Furthermore, the hardware execution unit, signal input unit, and control unit are integrated into the DCS system via a PLC to achieve remote automatic or manual control.

[0018] Furthermore, the DCS system includes a processor, a memory, and pressing operation instructions stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, which are converted by the pressing operation system. When the processor executes the pressing operation instructions, it realizes the linkage between components in the PCB pressing equipment control system.

[0019] The present invention also includes a lamination method applied to a PCB lamination equipment control system, comprising the following steps:

[0020] a. Turn on the power;

[0021] b. The conveying mechanism conveys the product to the area below the clamping mechanism. The clamping mechanism moves the camera above the product to take a picture. The picture is processed to obtain the product position information (visual software recognition), the position compensation value is calculated, and it is sent to the clamping mechanism for positioning compensation.

[0022] c. After compensation is completed, the clamping mechanism clamps the PCB board and assembles the PCB board onto the product body, so that the PCB and the product body are precisely aligned.

[0023] d. The conveying mechanism transports the product to the pressing station;

[0024] e. Press the PCB board down with the press and monitor the pressure and stroke data in real time;

[0025] f. Based on the set parameter standards (parameter X is stroke, Y is pressure), determine the result and upload it to the MES system; if the result is OK, proceed to the next step; if the result is NG, handle the exception.

[0026] g. Output products;

[0027] H. If a product is present, reset the equipment and repeat steps b to g; if no product is present, shut down the equipment.

[0028] In this invention, when the equipment is first started, a self-test is performed to determine whether the operation buttons and switches are normal and the equipment is reset; in step b, if the photo cannot obtain product position information, an error is handled; in step c, if the clamping mechanism cannot align and assemble the PCB board with the product, an error is handled; in step d, if the product fixture cannot reach the pressing station, an error is handled; in step e, if a problem occurs during the pressing process, an error is handled.

[0029] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. By integrating the clamping mechanism, pressing device, camera module, pressure sensor, fixture positioning sensor and control unit into the DCS system, the automation and intelligence of PCB pressing assembly are realized. The pressing operation system achieves the technical effect of adjusting the pressing pressure and pressing stroke.

[0031] 2. The PCB is clamped by the clamping mechanism and placed on the fixture, so that the holes of the PCB are precisely aligned with the pins of the bottom shell; the camera module takes pictures to obtain the position information of the PCB and the bottom plate, inputs the signal to the control unit, calculates the compensation value, and sends it to the clamping mechanism for positioning compensation. The position information includes the position information of the PCB and the bottom shell.

[0032] 3. The control unit of the PCB lamination assembly equipment of the present invention realizes automation and intelligence, ensuring that the product is lamination in place when the product size is within the fluctuation range, thus improving the lamination yield; the clamping mechanism is used for automatic assembly, realizing precise alignment of the PCB holes and the pins on the PCB bottom shell.

[0033] 4. The pressing method of the PCB pressing equipment control system of the present invention achieves precise alignment between the PCB and the product. Furthermore, by monitoring the pressure and displacement in real time, a rectangular coordinate system is generated with displacement as the x-axis and pressure as the y-axis. A specific coordinate area is set as the monitoring area, so that the curve coordinate falls within the monitoring area. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one type of pressing and assembly equipment according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a system block diagram of the control unit of the pressing and assembly equipment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a pressure and stroke monitoring curve of the bottom shell with a supporting structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5This is a pressure and stroke monitoring curve of the unsupported bottom shell structure of the present invention.

[0039] In the diagram: 1. Conveying mechanism, 2. Fixture, 3. Clamping mechanism, 4. Pressing device, 5. Camera module. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 -5. The present invention will be described in further detail.

[0041] A control system for an intelligent PCB lamination and assembly equipment includes a hardware execution unit, a signal input unit, and a control unit. The hardware execution unit includes a conveying mechanism 1, a fixture 2 mounted on the conveying mechanism for positioning the PCB and the PCB base, a clamping mechanism 3 for performing assembly actions, a lamination device 4 for performing lamination actions, and a camera module 5 for collecting product information. The signal input unit includes a pressure sensor, a fixture positioning sensor, and operation buttons for providing external signals. The control unit includes a data acquisition system, a press control unit, a clamping mechanism control unit, an image processing system, and a central processing unit. The central processing unit contains a lamination operation system.

[0042] In this embodiment, the conveying mechanism 1 is a conveyor belt device, which is used to convey products to a designated processing position; a PCB bottom shell is positioned above the fixture 2, and the PCB on the PCB bottom shell is aligned with the pins on the PCB bottom shell by the clamping mechanism 3, at which time the PCB bottom shell and the PCB are not in contact; the clamping mechanism 3 is a multi-axis robot that performs assembly actions.

[0043] In this embodiment, the pressure sensor acquires the pressure during the pressing process, providing a real-time pressure signal to the system; after fixture 2 is in place, the fixture 2 positioning sensor sends a signal to the system; the operation buttons provide external operation and are input signals; the touch screen simulates input / output signals through program retrieval; the data acquisition unit converts the acquired external signals into signals recognizable by the control unit; the press control unit controls the press's specified pressing and lifting actions according to program instructions; the clamping mechanism control unit controls it to complete specified actions according to program instructions; the image processing system analyzes and processes the image information acquired by the camera module and outputs the product calibration coordinate parameters; the central processing unit processes input / output signals according to the set operating program, controls the entire operating system, including the sequential control method of the assembly process, the handling method of process abnormalities, and the switching of different programs. It converts the program instructions issued by the control unit into hardware-executable signals.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, camera module 5 is a CDD camera, and the signal input unit contains a CDD image, which is actually provided by the CDD camera.

[0045] Working principle, such as Figure 3 As shown:

[0046] (1) Start: The equipment power and air supply are turned on, and the equipment program is initialized. All actuators are in standby mode.

[0047] (2) Safety protection: There is an emergency stop switch at the bottom of the equipment. Press this switch to stop the equipment in case of an abnormality and cut off all dangerous inputs / outputs.

[0048] (3) System self-test: The equipment starts up and performs self-diagnosis, including whether each operation button and switch is normal and whether the equipment is at the mechanical origin.

[0049] (4) Program call: Depending on the model, the corresponding program can be manually selected or retrieved by scanning the code. The program includes robot module program, camera module program and press module program.

[0050] (5) Equipment reset: According to the corresponding program, the robot, conveyor belt and press move to the standby set origin.

[0051] (6) Conveying: The conveyor belt transports the product along with the carrier from the previous station to the robot station.

[0052] (7) CCD Positioning: The robot moves to a position above the product to take a picture. The picture is processed to obtain the product's position information, and the position compensation value is calculated and sent to the robot for positioning compensation. The position information includes the positions of the PCB and the product itself.

[0053] (8) PCB gripping and placement: The robot grips the PCB and places it onto the product body, ensuring that the holes on the PCB are precisely aligned with the pins on the product body. After placement, the robot returns to its standby position, awaiting the next operation.

[0054] (9) Conveying: The conveyor belt transports the product along with the carrier from the robot station to the press station.

[0055] (10) Pressing: The press is started and the PCB is pressed down. The pressure and stroke data are monitored in real time.

[0056] (11) Press reset: After pressing is completed, the press returns to the standby origin and waits for the next operation.

[0057] (12) Upload Judgment: Based on the set parameter standards, automatically determine the result as OK / NG and upload it to the MES system.

[0058] (13) Conveying: The conveyor belt transports the product along with the carrier from the press station to the next station.

[0059] (14) End: After a single product is finished, the next product will run. After the entire batch of products is finished, the operation will end.

[0060] In step 12, a rectangular coordinate system is generated with displacement as the x-axis and pressure as the y-axis, and a specific coordinate region is set as the monitoring area. Let the X-axis in the rectangular coordinate system be... b >X a Y b >Y a The curve's x-coordinate is required to be in the range [X]. a X b When the value of pressure F is within the range of (Y), a Y b Within the range of point (X). That is, from point (X) a Y a ), (X a Y b ), (X b Y a ), (X b Y b The area enclosed by the four points is used as the monitoring area. When the curve coordinates fall within the monitoring area, the result is OK, and the product is output.

[0061] like Figure 4 As shown, the bottom shell has a supporting structure with pressure and stroke. More specifically, during the rapid pressing stroke, the pressing device presses down until it reaches the designated position so that the pressure head is not in contact with the product. After the pressing device stabilizes, the pressure feedback is 0. During the slow positioning stroke, the pressing device presses down and contacts the product, and the pressure shows numerical feedback, so that the pressure reaches the initial set value F0, and the pressing stops. The position at this time is defined as the initial displacement point X0 of contacting the product. During the pressing stroke, the press gradually presses down, and the pressure gradually rises until it reaches the pressure peak F1. The force F2 and displacement data X2 of the pressure peak are recorded. The pressing device continues to press down, and the pressure gradually decreases. When the PCB contacts the supporting structure, the pressure begins to gradually increase. When the pressure F2 = F1 in the first holding stroke, the pressing device stops pressing down, the current pressure F2 and displacement data X2 are recorded, and the pressing stroke ends.

[0062] like Figure 5 As shown, the pressure and stroke of the unsupported bottom shell are as follows: More specifically, during the rapid pressing stroke, the pressing device presses down until it reaches the designated position so that the pressure head is no longer in contact with the product. After the pressing device stabilizes, the pressure feedback is 0. During the slow positioning stroke, the pressing device presses down and contacts the product, and the pressure shows numerical feedback, causing the pressure to reach the initial set value F0. Pressing stops at this point, and the position at this time is defined as the initial displacement point X0 of contacting the product. During the pressing stroke, the press gradually presses down, and the pressure gradually rises until it reaches the pressure peak F1. The force F2 and displacement data X2 of the pressure peak are recorded. The pressing device continues to press down, and the pressure F2 gradually decreases during the pressure holding stroke. When the relative position X2 moves to the set value Xn, pressing stops, and the current pressure F3 and displacement X3 data are recorded, ending the pressing stroke.

[0063] In this invention, the pressing operation system uses pressing operation program instructions that can be recognized by the central processing unit. This pressing operation system represents a new pressing operation method. The pins on the PCB bottom shell are thicker in the middle and thinner at both ends. Therefore, from... Figure 4 and Figure 5 It can be seen that the pressing pressure increases from low to high to a peak value, and then decreases again after reaching the peak value.

[0064] In the compression data monitoring, the system automatically monitors real-time pressure and displacement, and generates a Cartesian coordinate system with displacement as the x-axis and pressure as the y-axis. Specific coordinate areas are designated as monitoring zones.

[0065] Monitoring area description: Let X in the rectangular coordinate system... b >X aa Y b >Y a The curve's x-coordinate is required to be in the range [X]. a X b When the value of pressure F is within the range of (Y), a Y b Within the range of point (X). That is, from point (X) a Y a ), (X a Y b ), (X b Y a ), (X b Y a The area enclosed by the four points is designated as the monitoring area.

[0066] In this embodiment, the photo is recognized and calculated by visual software to obtain a position compensation value, which is then sent to the clamping mechanism for positioning compensation.

[0067] In summary, this invention achieves automation and intelligence through the PCB lamination assembly equipment control unit, ensuring proper lamination when product dimensions are within a fluctuating range, thus improving lamination yield; and using a clamping mechanism for automatic assembly, it achieves precise alignment of PCB holes with pins on the PCB bottom shell.

[0068] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent PCB press-fit assembly equipment control system, comprising a hardware execution unit, a signal input unit and a control unit, characterized in that, The hardware execution unit includes a conveying mechanism and a fixture mounted on the conveying mechanism for positioning the PCB and the PCB bottom shell, a clamping mechanism for performing assembly actions, a pressing device for performing pressing actions, and a camera module for collecting product information; the signal input unit includes a pressure sensor; the control unit includes a data acquisition system, a press control unit, a clamping mechanism control unit, an image processing system, and a central processing unit, wherein the central processing unit is equipped with a pressing operation system, and the pressing operation system realizes the pressing stroke of the pressing assembly equipment through the pressing device, pressure sensor, data acquisition system, press control unit, and central processing unit; The pressing operation system includes a rapid pressing stroke, a slow positioning stroke, a pressing stroke, and a pressure holding stroke in sequence. During the rapid pressing stroke, the pressing device presses down and reaches the designated position so that the pressing head does not contact the PCB bottom shell. After the pressing device stabilizes, the pressure feedback is 0. During the slow positioning stroke, the pressing device presses down to contact the product, and the pressure is fed back numerically until the pressure reaches the initial set value F0, at which point the pressing stops. During the pressing process, the pressing device gradually presses down, and the pressure gradually rises until it reaches the pressure peak F1; The holding pressure stroke is divided into the No. 1 holding pressure stroke, which has a support structure on the bottom shell below the PCB, and the No. 2 holding pressure stroke, which has no support structure on the bottom shell below the PCB. When the holding pressure stroke is the first holding pressure stroke, the pressing device continues to press down, and the pressure gradually decreases. When the PCB contacts the support structure, the pressure begins to gradually increase. When the pressure F2 = F1 during the holding pressure stroke, the pressing device stops pressing down. When the pressure holding stroke is the second pressure holding stroke, the pressing device continues to press down. During the pressure holding stroke, the pressure F2 gradually decreases. When the relative position moves to the set value Xn, the pressing stops.

2. The intelligent PCB press-fitting apparatus control system according to claim 1, wherein, The hardware execution unit is also equipped with a cabinet, the conveying mechanism is mounted on the cabinet, the fixture is mounted on the conveying mechanism, the clamping mechanism is mounted on one side above the cabinet, the pressing device is mounted on the other side of the cabinet, and the camera module is mounted on the clamping mechanism.

3. The intelligent PCB lamination and assembly equipment control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the fixture is also equipped with a lifting device to prevent the fixture from sinking.

4. The intelligent PCB lamination and assembly equipment control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hardware execution unit is electrically connected to an indicator light and is also equipped with an emergency stop switch; the signal input unit also includes operation buttons for providing external signals, a fixture positioning sensor, and a touch screen for simulating input / output signals; the control unit also includes a data upload system.

5. The intelligent PCB lamination and assembly equipment control system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The hardware execution unit, signal input unit, and control unit are integrated into the DCS system via a PLC to achieve remote automatic or manual control.

6. The intelligent PCB lamination and assembly equipment control system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The DCS system includes a processor, a memory, and pressing operation instructions stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor. When the processor executes the pressing operation instructions, it realizes the linkage between components in the PCB pressing equipment control system.

7. A pressing method applied to the control system of the intelligent PCB pressing and assembly equipment according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: a. Turn on the power; b. The conveying mechanism conveys the product to the area below the clamping mechanism. The clamping mechanism moves the camera above the product to take a picture. The picture is processed to obtain the product position information, calculates the position compensation value, and sends it to the clamping mechanism for positioning compensation. c. After compensation is completed, the clamping mechanism clamps the PCB board and assembles the PCB board onto the product body, so that the PCB and the product body are precisely aligned. d. The conveying mechanism transports the product to the pressing station; e. The pressing device presses down the PCB board and monitors the pressure and stroke data in real time; f. Determine the result based on the set parameter standards and upload it to the MES system; if the result is OK, proceed to the next step; If the result is NG, perform exception handling; g. Output products; H. If a product is present, the equipment will be reset, and steps b to g will be repeated. If there are no products, shut down the equipment.

8. The pressing method according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the equipment is first started, a self-test is performed to determine whether the operation buttons and switches are working properly and then the equipment is reset.

9. The pressing method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step b, if the photo cannot obtain product location information, an exception is handled; in step c, if the clamping mechanism cannot align and assemble the PCB board with the product, an exception is handled; in step d, if the product fixture cannot reach the pressing station, an exception is handled; in step e, if a problem occurs during the pressing process, an exception is handled.

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