Rib structure on a cylinder block

Abstract

The present invention relates to a rib structure on a cylinder block. A cylinder block having a top surface, an inner bottom surface, a cylinder opening located on the top surface, and a head boss located on the top surface, the head boss centered on a first axis and configured to engage with a fastener at an initial position defining a first depth. The cylinder block includes a first primary boss positioned on the inner bottom surface, centered on a second axis, and configured to engage with a first primary fastener at a first end position defining a second depth. The cylinder block includes a second primary boss positioned on the inner bottom surface and configured to engage with a second primary fastener at a second end position defining a third depth. The cylinder block includes a first rib path extending from the first depth to the second depth and a second rib path extending from the first depth to the third depth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure generally relates to cylinder blocks of internal combustion engines. Background Technology

[0002] An internal combustion engine consists of a cylinder head and a cylinder block. Internal combustion engines typically withstand significant operating loads. These loads can lead to deformation and premature fatigue within the cylinder block. This can result in increased fuel consumption, suboptimal engine performance, and even engine failure. Summary of the Invention

[0003] One embodiment relates to a cylinder block including a cylinder block body having a top surface and an inner bottom surface positioned axially opposite the top surface. The cylinder block includes a cylinder opening disposed on the top surface. The cylinder block body also includes a head boss located on the top surface, centered on a first axis, and configured to thread-engage with a head fastener in an initial position. The initial position defines a first depth away from the top surface. The cylinder block body also includes a first master threaded sleeve located on the inner bottom surface, centered on a second axis parallel to or coaxial with the first axis, and configured to thread-engage with a first master fastener in a first end position. The first end position defines a second depth from the inner bottom surface. The cylinder block body also includes a second master threaded sleeve located on the inner bottom surface, centered on a third axis parallel to the first axis, and configured to thread-engage with a second master fastener in a second end position. The second end position defines a third depth from the inner bottom surface. The cylinder block body also includes a first rib path extending from a first depth to a second depth and a second rib path extending from a first depth to a third depth.

[0004] In some embodiments, the cylinder body further includes: a second head sleeve disposed on the top surface, the second head sleeve being centered on a fourth axis parallel to or coaxial with the third axis, the second head sleeve being configured to thread into a second head fastener at a second initial position, the second initial position defining a fourth depth from the top surface; a third rib path extending from the fourth depth to the third depth; and a fourth rib path extending from the fourth depth to the second depth.

[0005] In some embodiments, the length of the first depth is equal to the length of the fourth depth; and the fourth rib path intersects with the second rib path.

[0006] In some embodiments, the length of the second depth is equal to the length of the third depth.

[0007] In some embodiments, the cylinder opening defines a cylinder axis that is parallel to the first axis and parallel to the third axis.

[0008] In some embodiments, the center of the first master threaded sleeve and the center of the cylinder opening define a first distance, the center of the second master threaded sleeve and the center of the cylinder opening define a second distance, and the second distance is equal to the first distance.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first rib path and the second rib path extend radially away from the cylinder opening.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first rib path and the second rib path are located on the outer wall of the cylinder body.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first rib path and the second rib path are located on the inner wall of the cylinder body.

[0012] In some embodiments, the wall of the cylinder body is made of a first material, and the first rib path is made of a second material.

[0013] Another embodiment relates to a cylinder block including a cylinder block body comprising a top surface and an inner bottom surface positioned axially opposite to the top surface. The cylinder block body also includes a head threaded sleeve located on the top surface, the head threaded sleeve being centered on a first axis and having a counterbore positioned into the top surface at a first depth. The cylinder block body also includes a first master threaded sleeve located on the inner bottom surface, the first master threaded sleeve being centered on a second axis parallel to or coaxial with the first axis, and the first master threaded sleeve having a first fastening device positioned into the inner bottom surface at a second depth. The cylinder block body also includes a second master threaded sleeve located on the inner bottom surface, the second master threaded sleeve being centered on a second axis parallel to the first axis and having a second fastening device positioned into the inner bottom surface at a third depth. The cylinder block body also includes a first reinforcing region extending from the first depth to the second depth and a second reinforcing region extending from the first depth to the third depth.

[0014] In some embodiments, the cylinder body further includes: a second head sleeve disposed on the top surface, the second head sleeve being centered on a fourth axis, the fourth axis being parallel to or coaxial with the second axis, the second head sleeve having a second countersunk hole positioned in the top surface at a fourth depth; a third reinforcing region extending from the fourth depth to the third depth; and a fourth reinforcing region extending from the fourth depth to the second depth.

[0015] In some embodiments, the length of the first depth is equal to the length of the fourth depth; and the fourth reinforcement region intersects with the second reinforcement region.

[0016] In some embodiments, the length of the second depth is equal to the length of the third depth.

[0017] In some embodiments, the cylinder body further includes a cylinder opening having a cylinder axis parallel to the first axis and parallel to the third axis.

[0018] In some embodiments, the center of the first master threaded sleeve and the center of the cylinder opening define a first distance, the center of the second master threaded sleeve and the center of the cylinder opening define a second distance, and the second distance is equal to the first distance.

[0019] In some embodiments, the first reinforced region and the second reinforced region extend radially away from the first axis.

[0020] In some embodiments, the first reinforced region and the second reinforced region are located on the outer wall of the cylinder body.

[0021] In some embodiments, the first reinforcing region and the second reinforcing region are located on the inner wall of the cylinder body.

[0022] In some embodiments, the wall of the cylinder body comprises a first material, and the first reinforcing region comprises a second material.

[0023] In some embodiments, the first reinforcing region and the second reinforcing region include cylinder ribs formed into the cylinder block body.

[0024] In some embodiments, the cylinder body further includes: a plurality of cylinder openings; a plurality of head fasteners disposed on the top surface, each of the plurality of head fasteners being circumferentially positioned around a corresponding cylinder opening among the plurality of cylinder openings; and a plurality of main fasteners disposed on the inner bottom surface, each of the plurality of main fasteners being circumferentially positioned around a corresponding cylinder opening among the plurality of cylinder openings.

[0025] In some embodiments, the first set of head fasteners includes a first head fastener, a second head fastener, a third head fastener, and a fourth head fastener, the first set of head fasteners being circumferentially positioned around a first cylinder opening among the plurality of cylinder openings, and the second set of head fasteners includes the first head fastener, the second head fastener, a fifth head fastener, and a sixth head fastener, the second set of head fasteners being circumferentially positioned around a second cylinder opening among the plurality of cylinder openings, the second cylinder opening being adjacent to the first cylinder opening.

[0026] In some embodiments, the first set of main fasteners includes a first main fastener, a second main fastener, a third main fastener, and a fourth main fastener, the first set of main fasteners being circumferentially positioned around a first cylinder opening among the plurality of cylinder openings, and the second set of main fasteners includes the first main fastener, the second main fastener, a fifth main fastener, and a sixth main fastener, the second set of main fasteners being circumferentially positioned around a second cylinder opening among the plurality of cylinder openings, the second cylinder opening being adjacent to the first cylinder opening. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Details of one or more embodiments are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the following description. Other features, aspects, and advantages of this disclosure will become apparent from the description, drawings, and claims, in which:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of an internal combustion engine according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0029] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The image depicts a bottom view of an internal combustion engine.

[0030] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A side view of an internal combustion engine as depicted;

[0031] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A perspective view of an example bolt layout of an internal combustion engine depicted in the figure;

[0032] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A top view of the bolt layout depicted in the image;

[0033] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 The side view of the internal combustion engine depicted in the image;

[0034] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 An enlarged view of the internal combustion engine depicted in the image; and

[0035] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of a portion of the cylinder block depicted in the figure.

[0036] It should be recognized that the accompanying drawings are schematic illustrations for illustrative purposes. The drawings are provided to illustrate one or more embodiments, and it should be clearly understood that these drawings are not intended to limit the scope or meaning of the claims. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The following is a more detailed description of various concepts related to rib structures on cylinder blocks and embodiments of rib structures on cylinder blocks. The methods, apparatuses, and systems described herein can be implemented in various ways, as the concepts described are not limited to any particular embodiment. Examples of specific embodiments and applications are provided primarily for illustrative purposes.

[0038] I. Overview

[0039] An internal combustion engine consists of a cylinder head and a cylinder block. The cylinder head is attached to the cylinder block using fasteners. During engine operation, stress accumulates in both the cylinder head and the cylinder block. This stress can lead to cylinder block fatigue and deformation. This fatigue and deformation can reduce engine efficiency, increase fuel consumption, and even cause engine failure.

[0040] II. Exemplary Cylinder Head and Cylinder Block

[0041] Figure 1-8 The internal combustion engine 100 is described in various aspects. The internal combustion engine 100 is configured to generate mechanical energy using the chemical energy from fuel. Specifically, the internal combustion engine 100 burns (e.g., scorches) fuel through a combustion process that occurs in at least one cylinder (e.g., a combustion chamber) of the internal combustion engine 100.

[0042] The internal combustion engine 100 includes a piston located within each cylinder. The internal combustion engine 100 may include any number of cylinders and an equal number of corresponding pistons. For example, the internal combustion engine 100 may include one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, twelve, or more cylinders and an equal number of pistons. Each piston is configured to move within its associated cylinder. Each piston is operatively connected to the output of the internal combustion engine 100 to generate mechanical energy (e.g., via connecting rods and crankshafts).

[0043] In various embodiments, the internal combustion engine 100 is a diesel internal combustion engine and consumes diesel fuel. In other embodiments, the internal combustion engine 100 consumes gasoline (e.g., petroleum) and is a gasoline internal combustion engine. In other applications, the internal combustion engine 100 consumes natural gas (e.g., liquefied natural gas, compressed natural gas (CNG), etc.), biofuels (e.g., biomass), ethanol (e.g., E-85), and other similar fuels. In still other embodiments, the internal combustion engine 100 is a dual-fuel internal combustion engine and consumes two different fuels (e.g., diesel and gasoline, diesel and ethanol, gasoline and ethanol, natural gas and diesel, etc.).

[0044] The internal combustion engine 100 includes a cylinder head 102 and a cylinder block 104. The aforementioned piston and cylinder are positioned separately within the cylinder block 104. The cylinder head 102 is connected to the cylinder block 104 using a plurality of cylinder head fasteners inserted from the top surface of the cylinder head 102. As will be explained in more detail herein, each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100 includes a predetermined number of head fasteners from the plurality of head fasteners. As will be explained further in detail herein, the plurality of head fasteners are threaded into the cylinder block 104 only, and not into the cylinder head 102, such that the cylinder head 102 remains against the cylinder block 104.

[0045] In some embodiments, a head washer 103 is located between the bottom surface of the cylinder head and the top surface of the cylinder body 104. The head washer 103 can be any suitable washer, such as, but not limited to, O-rings, fiber gaskets, paper gaskets, cylinder head gaskets, and can comprise any suitable washer material. The head washer 103 can serve as a sealing mechanism for fluids, such as, but not limited to, coolants, lubricating fluids (e.g., oil), gases, any other suitable fluids, or combinations thereof. Multiple head fasteners can provide a sealing mechanism for the head washer 103. A sealant can be applied to the head washer 103 to seal the fluid. Each of the multiple head fasteners includes a fastener head and a fastener body. The fastener head can be, for example, a hex head, a Phillips head, a standard head (e.g., for receiving a standard screwdriver), a Torx head (e.g., external Torx head, internal Torx head, security Torx head, etc.), an Allen head, and other similar fastener heads. The fastener body is at least partially threaded. For example, the fastener body may be fully threaded or may include multiple unthreaded portions (e.g., a middle portion, a center portion, etc.). In various embodiments, the fastener head is flanged. However, in other embodiments, the fastener head is flangeless. Various gaskets may be used to space the fastener head from the cylinder head 102, making the internal combustion engine 100 suitable for the target application.

[0046] The cylinder head 102 is connected to the cylinder block 104 along the cylinder head-cylinder block interface 107. In various embodiments, the cylinder head-cylinder block interface 107 is arranged along a plane. For example, the cylinder head-cylinder block interface 107 may be arranged along a horizontal plane (e.g., a plane parallel to the horizontal plane, a plane parallel to the ground, etc.).

[0047] The cylinder head 102 is defined by a first side 108 (e.g., hot side, cold side, exhaust side, intake side, etc.) and a second side 110 (e.g., cold side, hot side, intake side, exhaust side, etc.). The first side 108 and the second side 110 are opposite each other.

[0048] The plurality of head fasteners includes multiple sets of head fasteners 112. Each set of head fasteners 112 is designated for a cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100. Each set of head fasteners 112 includes a first head fastener 114, a second head fastener 116, a third head fastener 118, and a fourth head fastener 120. In an exemplary embodiment, a set of head fasteners 112 shares a head fastener with other sets of head fasteners 112 for adjacent cylinders. In other words, the same head fastener can be used for multiple sets of head fasteners 112 simultaneously. For example, the first set of head fasteners 112 can share a master fastener with the second set of head fasteners 112, such that the first set of master fasteners and the second set of master fasteners are circumferentially positioned around an adjacent top cylinder opening of the cylinder.

[0049] Each cylinder defines a cylinder axis 122 (e.g., a central axis, etc.). As discussed in more detail herein, each of a plurality of head fasteners is positioned in a head sleeve (e.g., a hole, orifice, multi-diameter hole, drilled hole, etc.) extending parallel to the cylinder axis 122 along the length of the cylinder head 102 and partially along the length of the cylinder body 104. In some embodiments, the head sleeve defines a through-hole portion (e.g., a non-threaded hole, etc.) along the length of the cylinder head 102 and a threaded portion along the length of the cylinder body 104. In such embodiments, the head sleeve may be positioned on and extend through a top surface of the cylinder body 104.

[0050] In various embodiments, the first head fastener 114, the second head fastener 116, the third head fastener 118, and the fourth head fastener 120 are configured such that the first head fastener 114, the second head fastener 116, the third head fastener 118, and the fourth head fastener 120 are substantially equidistant from the cylinder axis 122 (e.g., a first distance between the first head fastener 114 and the cylinder axis 122, a second distance between the second head fastener 116 and the cylinder axis 122, and a third head fastener 120, etc.). The difference between the third distance between the first head fastener 114 and the cylinder axis 122 and the fourth distance between the fourth head fastener 120 and the cylinder axis 122 is less than or equal to 1%, 3%, 5%, etc. In other embodiments, the first head fastener 114, the second head fastener 116, the third head fastener 118, and the fourth head fastener 120 are configured such that the first head fastener 114, the second head fastener 116, the third head fastener 118, and the fourth head fastener 120 are not equidistant from the cylinder axis 122. In various embodiments, any combination of the first head fastener 114, the second head fastener 116, the third head fastener 118, and the fourth head fastener 120 may be equidistant from the cylinder axis 122. For example, the first head fastener 114 and the second head fastener 116 may be equidistant from the cylinder axis 122, and the third head fastener 118 and the fourth head fastener 120 may be equidistant from the cylinder axis 122, but not all of the first head fastener 114, the second head fastener 116, the third head fastener 118, and the fourth head fastener 120 are equidistant from the cylinder axis 122. In these ways, the cylinder head 102 and the cylinder body 104 may be substantially symmetrical about the cylinder axis 122 (e.g., about a plane extending along the cylinder head 102 and the cylinder body 104 that coincides with the cylinder axis 122, etc.) or asymmetrical about the cylinder axis 122 (e.g., about a plane extending along the cylinder head 102 and the cylinder body 104 that coincides with the cylinder axis 122, etc.).

[0051] The cylinder head 102 is coupled to the cylinder body 104 by inserting each of a plurality of head fasteners through a through-hole into a head threaded sleeve along the length of the cylinder head 102, then contacting the top surface of the cylinder body 104, and then partially screwing each of the plurality of head fasteners into a threaded portion along the length of the cylinder body 104. The plurality of head fasteners can then be tightened to a target torque (e.g., 100 ft-pounds, etc.). A process in reverse is performed to remove the plurality of head fasteners from each corresponding head threaded sleeve, thereby at least partially disengaging the cylinder head 102 from the cylinder body 104 (e.g., separating, removing, etc.).

[0052] The cylinder head 102 has a larger cross-sectional area near its top surface of the cylinder block 104 than near its top surface of the cylinder head-cylinder block interface 107 (e.g., measured along a plane parallel to the cylinder head-cylinder block interface 107, etc.). This larger cross-sectional area of ​​the cylinder head 102 near its top surface of the cylinder block 104 reduces local yielding (e.g., deformation, etc.) and / or wear (e.g., abrasion, scratches, etc.) of the cylinder head 102. Furthermore, this larger cross-sectional area of ​​the cylinder head 102 near its top surface of the cylinder block 104 can minimize or eliminate the need for gaskets or spacers between multiple head fasteners and the top surface of the cylinder block 104, thereby reducing costs and simplifying the manufacture of the internal combustion engine 100.

[0053] Similarly, the cross-sectional area of ​​the cylinder head 102 near the cylinder head-cylinder block interface 107 is smaller than the cross-sectional area near the top surface of the cylinder block 104. This smaller cross-sectional area of ​​the cylinder head 102 near the cylinder head-cylinder block interface 107 reduces the surface area of ​​the cylinder head-cylinder block interface 107.

[0054] The cylinder block 104 includes a bottom surface 124 (e.g., a bottom side, a bottom plane, etc.). The bottom surface 124 is located on the side opposite to the top surface of the cylinder block 104, away from the cylinder head-cylinder block interface 107. The cylinder block 104 also includes an inner bottom surface 125 located on the side opposite to the top surface of the cylinder block 104 and vertically positioned between the bottom surface 124 and the top surface of the cylinder block 104. The internal combustion engine 100 also includes a plurality of master fasteners inserted through the inner bottom surface 125.

[0055] Each of the plurality of main fasteners includes a fastener head and a fastener body. The fastener head may be, for example, a hex head, a Phillips head, a standard head (e.g., for receiving a standard screwdriver), a Torx head (e.g., external Torx head, internal Torx head, safety Torx head, etc.), an internal hex head, and other similar fastener heads. The fastener body is at least partially threaded. For example, the fastener body may be fully threaded or may include multiple unthreaded portions (e.g., a middle portion, a center portion, etc.). In various embodiments, the fastener head is flanged. However, in other embodiments, the fastener head is not flanged. Various washers may be used to space the fastener head from the cylinder block 104, making the internal combustion engine 100 suitable for the target application.

[0056] like Figure 2As shown, the plurality of master fasteners includes multiple sets of master fasteners 128 for each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 100. Each set of master fasteners 128 includes a first master fastener 130, a second master fastener 132, a third master fastener 134, and a fourth master fastener 136. In an exemplary embodiment, one set of master fasteners shares a master fastener with other sets of master fasteners 128 for adjacent cylinders. In other words, the same master fastener among the plurality of master fasteners can be used for different sets of master fasteners 128. For example, the first set of master fasteners can share a master fastener with the second set of master fasteners, such that the first set of master fasteners and the second set of master fasteners are circumferentially positioned around adjacent bottom cylinder openings of the cylinders.

[0057] Each of a plurality of master fasteners is positioned in a master threaded sleeve (e.g., a hole, orifice, multi-diameter hole, drilled hole, etc.) that extends partially along the length of the cylinder body 104 parallel to the cylinder axis 122. Each master threaded sleeve may define a through-hole portion (e.g., a non-threaded hole, etc.) along the length of a plurality of main bearing caps 126 and a threaded portion along the length of the cylinder body 104. In such an embodiment, the master fastener is threadedly engaged only with the cylinder body 104. In some embodiments, each master threaded sleeve defines a through-hole portion and a threaded portion along the length of a plurality of main bearing caps 126 and a threaded portion along the length of the cylinder body 104. In such an embodiment, the master threaded sleeve may be positioned on and extend through an inner bottom surface of the cylinder body 104. In such an embodiment, the master fastener is threadedly engaged with both the plurality of main bearing caps 126 and the cylinder body 104.

[0058] Multiple main bearing caps 126 are selectively coupled to the cylinder block 104 and can hold the cylinder block 104 in place. When the multiple main bearing caps 126 are coupled to the cylinder block 104, the multiple main bearing caps 126 can contact the bottom inner surface of the cylinder block 104. The multiple main bearing caps 126 can include any suitable bearing, such as, but not limited to, a plain bearing, a journal bearing, etc. Each set of main fasteners can have two main bearing caps 126, or each set of main fasteners can have fewer than two main bearing caps 126.

[0059] In various embodiments, the first main fastener 130, the second main fastener 132, the third main fastener 134, and the fourth main fastener 136 are configured such that the first main fastener 130, the second main fastener 132, the third main fastener 134, and the fourth main fastener 136 are substantially equidistant from the cylinder axis 122 (e.g., the difference between the first distance between the first main fastener 130 and the cylinder axis 122, the second distance between the second main fastener 132 and the cylinder axis 122, the third distance between the third main fastener 134 and the cylinder axis 122, and the fourth distance between the fourth main fastener 136 and the cylinder axis 122 is less than or equal to 1%, 3%, 5%, etc.). In other embodiments, the first main fastener 130, the second main fastener 132, the third main fastener 134, and the fourth main fastener 136 are configured such that they are not equidistant from the cylinder axis 122. In various embodiments, any combination of the first main fastener 130, the second main fastener 132, the third main fastener 134, and the fourth main fastener 136 may be equidistant from the cylinder axis 122. For example, the first main fastener 130 and the second main fastener 132 may be equidistant from the cylinder axis 122, and the third main fastener 134 and the fourth main fastener 136 may be equidistant from the cylinder axis 122, but not all of the first main fastener 130, the second main fastener 132, the third main fastener 134, and the fourth main fastener 136 are equidistant from the cylinder axis 122.

[0060] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 and Figure 2 The image depicts a side view of an internal combustion engine. (See image for example.) Figure 3 As shown, the cylinder head 102 is connected to the cylinder body 104 via a first head fastener 114 and a second head fastener 116. The bottom surface of the cylinder head 102 can contact the top surface of the cylinder body 104. The first head fastener 114 and the second head fastener 116 are threadedly engaged with head sleeves in their initial positions. In some embodiments, the head sleeves can be positioned on the top surface of the cylinder body 104 and extend through the length of the cylinder head 102.

[0061] The main bearing cap 126 is connected to the cylinder block 104 via a first main fastener 130 and a second main fastener 132. In such an embodiment, the main bearing cap 126 may contact the inner bottom surface of the cylinder block 104. The first main fastener 130 and the second main fastener 132 are threadedly engaged with a main threaded sleeve at a first end position. In some embodiments, the main threaded sleeve may be positioned on the bottom inner surface of the cylinder block 104 and extend through the length of the plurality of main bearing caps 126. A first head fastener 114, a second head fastener 116, the first main fastener 130, and the second main fastener 132 define the “IXI” bolt configuration, which will be described in detail below.

[0062] like Figure 4 As shown, in the exemplary bolt configuration 300, each of the head fasteners 112 in a set of head fasteners is substantially axially aligned with each of the master fasteners 128 in a set of master fasteners. In other words, the body of each head fastener and the body of each master fastener extend substantially along the same axis. Since the multiple head fasteners and the multiple master fasteners are located on axially opposite surfaces, the last engaging threads of the head fasteners in the multiple head fasteners and the last engaging threads of the master fasteners in the multiple master fasteners are close to each other. This configuration guides the operating loads experienced in the cylinder block 104 along a desired load trajectory. As discussed in more detail herein, the load trajectory extends along the reinforcing portions of the cylinder block 104, such as cylinder block ribs, and along the length of the head fasteners. These load trajectories establish an “IXI” configuration on one side of the cylinder block 104. The “IXI” configuration is advantageous because it requires only four head fasteners and four master fasteners to complete the configuration. This reduces the number of fasteners required for the internal combustion engine 100. Furthermore, since the main fastener can share the same axis as the head fastener, this configuration helps the internal combustion engine 100 to be manufactured cost-effectively and robustly.

[0063] like Figure 4 As further shown, the first load trajectory 140 extends along a portion of the length of each head fastener. The first load trajectory 140 extends from the initial thread engagement (e.g., initial position, etc.) of the threaded portion of the head fastener to the end of the threaded portion of the head fastener (e.g., end position, which is adjacent to the last engaged thread of the master fastener located on the same axis as the head fastener). The first load trajectory 140 guides the operating load on an axis parallel to the cylinder axis 122, such that the operating load experiences a load path on the respective head fastener and master fastener. For example, as... Figure 4As shown, the first load trajectory 140 guides the load path to the second head fastener 116 and the second main fastener 132. In some embodiments, the corresponding head fastener and the corresponding main fastener are on the same axis (e.g., coaxial). In such embodiments, the corresponding head sleeve to which the corresponding head fastener is threaded and the corresponding main sleeve to which the corresponding main fastener is threaded may be on the same axis (e.g., coaxial). In some embodiments, the corresponding head fastener and the corresponding main fastener are located on different axes parallel to each other. In some embodiments, the distance between the two parallel axes is in the range of about 0.5 mm to about 10 mm (e.g., 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 1.1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, or 10 mm). In such embodiments, the corresponding head sleeve to which the corresponding head fastener is threaded and the corresponding main sleeve to which the corresponding main fastener is threaded may be on different axes parallel to each other. As discussed in more detail, the cylinder block 104 may include additional material along a path of the first load track 140 (e.g., by molding, injection, welding, fastening, bonding, etc.). This provides additional support and stability to the internal combustion engine 100 in a targeted and cost-effective manner. Thus, the first load track 140 forms the first 'I' in the "IXI" configuration.

[0064] Similarly, the second load trajectory 142 also extends along a portion of the length of the head fastener. The second load trajectory 142 extends from the initial threaded engagement of the threaded portion of the head fastener to the end of the threaded portion of the head fastener (e.g., adjacent to the last engaged thread of the main fastener located on the same axis as the head fastener). The second load trajectory 142 guides the operating load on an axis parallel to the cylinder axis 122, such that the operating load experiences a load path on the respective head fastener and main fastener. For example, as... Figure 4As shown, the second load trajectory 142 guides the load path to the fourth head fastener 120 and the fourth main fastener 136. In some embodiments, the respective head fastener and the respective main fastener are on the same axis (e.g., coaxial). In such embodiments, the respective head sleeve to which the respective head fastener is threaded and the respective main sleeve to which the respective main fastener is threaded may be on the same axis (e.g., coaxial). In some embodiments, the respective head fastener and the respective main fastener are located on different axes parallel to each other. In such embodiments, the respective head sleeve to which the respective head fastener is threaded and the respective main sleeve to which the respective main fastener is threaded may be on different axes parallel to each other. In some embodiments, the distance between the two parallel axes is in the range of approximately 0.5 mm to approximately 10 mm (e.g., 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 1.1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, or 10 mm). As discussed in more detail, the cylinder block 104 may include additional material along the path of the second load track 142 (e.g., by molding, injection, welding, fastening, bonding, etc.). This provides additional support and stability to the internal combustion engine 100 in a targeted and cost-effective manner. Thus, the second load track 142 forms the second 'I' in the "I XI" configuration.

[0065] The third load trajectory 144 extends from the top of the head fastener (e.g., the area closest to the top of the cylinder head 102, the area farthest from the cylinder body 104, etc.) to the last engaging thread (e.g., the thread farthest from the bottom surface 124) of the adjacent main fastener (e.g., the main fastener that is not on the same axis as the head fastener relative to the cylinder axis 122). The third load trajectory 144 guides the operating load on an axis tangent to the cylinder axis 122, such that the operating load travels along the ribs of the cylinder body 104. For example, as Figure 4 As shown, the third load track 144 guides the load path from the top of the second head fastener 116 to the final engaging thread of the fourth main fastener 136. As discussed in more detail, the cylinder block 104 may include additional material along the path of the third load track 144 (e.g., by molding, injection, welding, fastening, bonding, etc.). This provides additional support and stability to the internal combustion engine 100 in a targeted and cost-effective manner. Therefore, the third load track 144 forms the first part of the 'X' in the "IXI" configuration.

[0066] The fourth load trajectory 146 extends from the top of the head fastener (e.g., the area closest to the top of the cylinder head 102 and farthest from the cylinder body 104) to the last engaging thread (e.g., the thread farthest from the bottom surface 124) of the adjacent main fastener (e.g., the main fastener that is not on the same axis as the head fastener relative to the cylinder axis 122). The fourth load trajectory 146 guides the operating load on an axis tangent to the cylinder axis 122, such that the operating load travels along the ribs of the cylinder body 104. For example, as... Figure 4 As shown, the fourth load track 146 guides the load path from the top of the fourth head fastener 120 to the final engagement thread of the second master fastener 132. As discussed in more detail, the cylinder block 104 may include additional material along the path of the fourth load track 146 (e.g., by molding, injection, welding, fastening, bonding, etc.). This provides additional support and stability to the internal combustion engine 100 in a targeted and cost-effective manner. Therefore, the fourth load track 146 forms the second part of the 'X' in the "IXI" configuration.

[0067] Figure 5 A top view of the “IXI” configuration is shown, illustrating the first head fastener 114, the second head fastener 116, the third head fastener 118, and the fourth head fastener 120. In some embodiments, the “IXI” configuration is used on each side of each cylinder, such that the “IXI” configuration provides additional support for operating loads on the exposed side of the cylinder block 104 (e.g., the outer wall of the cylinder block 104) and inside the cylinder block 104 (e.g., between each cylinder). In other embodiments, the “IXI” configuration is used in selected cylinders and / or selected sides of each cylinder. For example, in a four-cylinder internal combustion engine, the “IXI” configuration may be used only on the exposed side of the cylinder block 104, such that the outer cylinders (e.g., the outermost cylinders) each have three cylinder walls utilizing the “IXI” configuration, while the intermediate cylinders (e.g., the inner cylinders) have only two cylinder walls utilizing the “IXI” configuration. In this way, the internal combustion engine 100 can maximize structural stiffness to handle operating loads, while reducing the package size and manufacturing cost of the cylinder block 104.

[0068] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 The image depicts a side view of an internal combustion engine. (See image for example.) Figure 6As shown, the cylinder block 104 defines an outer profile 148 (e.g., design, model, pattern, etc.). The outer profile 148 may be defined on all four walls of the cylinder block 104 (e.g., the first side 108, the second side 110, the front wall of the cylinder block 104, and the rear wall of the cylinder block 104). The outer profile 148 may be composed of additional material (or may not require material) to increase the rigidity of the cylinder block 104 to prevent fatigue and deformation, while also achieving desired package size, reduced manufacturing complexity, and desired heat distribution.

[0069] Figure 7 It is along Figure 6 Region AA is the cut-off area Figure 6 A magnified view. For example... Figure 7 As shown, the outer contour 148 consists of added material to provide excellent stability and rigidity to the cylinder block 104. The outer contour 148 defines a series of rib paths 150 (e.g., reinforcing regions, etc.). The series of rib paths 150 can be produced by any number of manufacturing methods, including but not limited to injection molding, welding, fastening, bonding, and 3D printing. In other embodiments, the rib paths 150 are made of a second material different from the base material used for the cylinder block 104. In these embodiments, the second material provides additional structure and rigidity to the cylinder block 104 at targeted locations. This is advantageous because the series of rib paths 150 is limited to more expensive materials or materials with higher rigidity but other worse properties (e.g., worse thermal properties, etc.).

[0070] In one exemplary embodiment, a series of rib paths 150 define a plurality of “IXI” shapes on the outer contour 148. The “IXI” shapes are related to… Figure 4 This relates to the “IXI” bolt configuration discussed earlier. In other words, a series of rib paths 150 lie on the load paths defined by the bolt configuration. In this way, the operating loads of the internal combustion engine 100 are directed to areas with additional and / or more rigid materials. This is advantageous because it increases the structural rigidity of the cylinder block 104 and reduces deformation in the cylinder liner, while also reducing manufacturing costs and the package size of the cylinder block 104.

[0071] Figure 8 It shows along Figure 6 The line BB cut Figure 6 A cross-sectional view is shown. A selected number of rib paths 150 are illustrated. As discussed in more detail above, the series of rib paths 150 may include additional material and / or a second material. The additional material protrudes radially away from the cylinder (e.g., extends radially away from the cylinder axis 122). The additional material may extend a width W1. The width W1 may be 5% to 50% larger (inclusive) than a width not within the desired load path.

[0072] The cylinder block 104 includes a plurality of head threaded inserts 152 (e.g., bores, orifices, multi-diameter holes, drilled holes, etc.). Each of the plurality of head threaded inserts 152 is centered on an axis parallel to the cylinder axis 122. In various embodiments, the plurality of head threaded inserts 152 are partially or fully threaded. The plurality of head threaded inserts 152 include countersunk holes extending to a depth D1 from the top surface of the cylinder block. After being inserted into the cylinder head 102, each head fastener is inserted into the plurality of head threaded inserts 152. Then, each head fastener is secured to the cylinder block 104 via the plurality of head threaded inserts 152, thereby securing the cylinder head 102 to the cylinder block 104.

[0073] The cylinder block 104 also includes a plurality of master threaded bushings 154 (e.g., holes, orifices, multi-diameter holes, drilled holes, etc.). Each of the plurality of master threaded bushings 154 is centered on an axis parallel to the cylinder axis 122. In various embodiments, the plurality of master threaded bushings 154 are partially or fully threaded. Each master fastener is fastened to the cylinder block 104 via the plurality of master threaded bushings 154, such that a plurality of main bearing caps 126 are fastened to the cylinder block 104. The plurality of head threaded bushings 152 define a depth D2 from the inner bottom surface 125 of the cylinder block 104 to the axial end of the plurality of master threaded bushings 154 (e.g., the thread last engaged by the plurality of master fasteners).

[0074] III. Construction of Example Implementations

[0075] While this specification contains many specific implementation details, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims, but rather as descriptions of features specific to particular embodiments. Certain features described in this specification within the context of individual embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented individually or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple embodiments. Furthermore, although features may be described above as functioning in certain combinations and even initially claimed in this way, one or more features from a claimed combination may, in some cases, be removed from that combination, and the claimed combination may involve sub-combinations or variations thereof.

[0076] As used herein, the terms “generally,” “substantially,” “similarly,” and similar terms are intended to have a broad meaning consistent with common and accepted use by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the subject matter of this disclosure pertains. Those skilled in the art who consult this disclosure will understand that these terms are intended to allow for the description of certain features described and claimed, without limiting the scope of those features to the precise numerical ranges provided. Therefore, these terms should be interpreted as indicating that non-substantial or irrelevant modifications or alterations to the described and claimed subject matter are considered to be within the scope of this disclosure as set forth in the appended claims.

[0077] As used herein, the term "connection" and similar terms mean that two components are directly or indirectly linked to each other. Such a connection can be static (e.g., permanent) or movable (e.g., removable or releasable). Such a connection can be achieved by the two components being integrally formed into a single whole, or by the two components being integrally formed into a single whole with any other intermediate component, or by the two components being attached to each other, or by the two components being attached to each other with any other intermediate component.

[0078] It is important to note that the structures and arrangements of the various systems illustrated in the exemplary embodiments are illustrative in nature and not restrictive. All changes and modifications within the spirit and / or scope of the described embodiments are protected. It should be understood that some features may not be necessary, and embodiments without various features may be considered within the scope of this disclosure, defined by the appended claims. When the language “part” is used, it may include a part and / or the entire item, unless expressly stated to the contrary.

Claims

1. A cylinder block, comprising: A cylinder body having a top surface, an inner bottom surface axially opposite to the top surface, and an outer contour, the cylinder body comprising: - A cylinder opening, which is arranged on the top surface; - A first head threaded sleeve disposed on the top surface, the first head threaded sleeve being centered on a first axis, the first head threaded sleeve being configured to thread into a first head fastener at a first initial position, the first initial position defining a first depth away from the top surface. - A first master threaded sleeve is disposed on the inner bottom surface, the first master threaded sleeve being centered on a second axis that is parallel to or coaxial with the first axis, the first master threaded sleeve being configured to thread into a first master fastener at a first end position, the first end position defining a second depth from the inner bottom surface; - A second master threaded sleeve is disposed on the inner bottom surface, the second master threaded sleeve is centered on a third axis parallel to the first axis, and the second master threaded sleeve is configured to thread into a second master fastener at a second end position, the second end position defining a third depth from the inner bottom surface; - A second head threaded sleeve is disposed on the top surface, the second head threaded sleeve being centered on a fourth axis that is parallel to or coaxial with the third axis, the second head threaded sleeve being configured to thread into a second head fastener at a second initial position, the second initial position defining a fourth depth from the top surface; - The outer contour defines a series of rib paths, the series of rib paths including: -- A first rib path that extends from the first depth to the second depth; -- A second rib path, which extends from the first depth to the third depth; and -- A third rib path that extends from the fourth depth to the third depth; -- Wherein, the first rib path and the second rib path include additional material having a first width, the first width being 5%-50% larger than the width not within the desired load path, including 5% and 50%, the additional material extending radially away from the cylinder axis.

2. The cylinder block according to claim 1, wherein, The series of rib paths also includes a fourth rib path that extends from the fourth depth to the second depth.

3. The cylinder block according to claim 2, wherein: The length of the first depth is equal to the length of the fourth depth; and The fourth rib path intersects with the second rib path.

4. The cylinder block according to claim 1, wherein, The length of the second depth is equal to the length of the third depth.

5. The cylinder block according to claim 1, wherein, The cylinder opening defines a cylinder axis that is parallel to the first axis and parallel to the third axis.

6. The cylinder block according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein: The center of the first main threaded sleeve and the center of the cylinder opening define a first distance. The center of the second main threaded sleeve and the center of the cylinder opening define a second distance, and The second distance is equal to the first distance.

7. The cylinder block according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The first rib path and the second rib path extend radially away from the cylinder opening.

8. The cylinder block according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein: The wall of the cylinder body is made of a first material, and The first rib path is made of the second material.

9. A cylinder block, comprising: Cylinder block body, the cylinder block body comprising: - Top surface; - Inner bottom surface, which is positioned axially opposite to the top surface; - A first head threaded sleeve is disposed on the top surface, the first head threaded sleeve is centered on a first axis, the first head threaded sleeve has a first countersunk hole, the first countersunk hole is positioned in the top surface at a first depth; - A first main threaded sleeve is arranged on the inner bottom surface, the first main threaded sleeve is centered on a second axis, the second axis is parallel to or coaxial with the first axis, the first main threaded sleeve has a first fastening device, the first fastening device is positioned in the inner bottom surface at a second depth; - A second main threaded sleeve is arranged on the inner bottom surface, the second main threaded sleeve is centered on a third axis parallel to the first axis, the second main threaded sleeve has a second fastening device, the second fastening device is positioned in the inner bottom surface at a third depth; - A second head threaded sleeve is arranged on the top surface, the second head threaded sleeve is centered on a fourth axis, the fourth axis is parallel to or coaxial with the second axis, and the second head threaded sleeve has a second countersunk hole, the second countersunk hole being positioned in the top surface at a fourth depth; - A first reinforcement region that extends from the first depth to the second depth; - A second reinforcement region that extends from the first depth to the third depth; - A third reinforcement region, which extends from the fourth depth to the third depth; and - Wherein, the first reinforcing region, the second reinforcing region and the third reinforcing region are located on the outer wall of the cylinder body; -- Wherein, the first reinforcing region and the second reinforcing region include additional material with a first width, the first width being 5%-50% larger than the width not in the desired load path, including 5% and 50%.

10. The cylinder block according to claim 9, wherein, The cylinder block body also includes a fourth reinforcing region that extends from the fourth depth to the second depth.

11. The cylinder block according to claim 10, wherein: The length of the first depth is equal to the length of the fourth depth; and The fourth reinforcement region intersects with the second reinforcement region.

12. The cylinder block according to claim 9, wherein, The length of the second depth is equal to the length of the third depth.

13. The cylinder block according to claim 9, wherein, The cylinder body also includes a cylinder opening, which has a cylinder axis parallel to the first axis and parallel to the third axis.

14. The cylinder block according to claim 13, wherein: The center of the first main threaded sleeve and the center of the cylinder opening define a first distance. The center of the second main threaded sleeve and the center of the cylinder opening define a second distance, and The second distance is equal to the first distance.

15. The cylinder block according to any one of claims 9-14, wherein, The first reinforced region and the second reinforced region extend radially away from the first axis.

16. The cylinder block according to any one of claims 9-14, wherein: The wall of the cylinder block body comprises a first material, and The first reinforced region includes the second material.

17. The cylinder block according to any one of claims 9-14, wherein, The first and second reinforcing regions include cylinder ribs formed into the cylinder block body.

18. The cylinder block according to any one of claims 9-14, wherein, The cylinder block body also includes: Multiple cylinder openings; Multiple sets of head fasteners are arranged on the top surface, each set of head fasteners being circumferentially positioned around a corresponding cylinder opening among the plurality of cylinder openings; and Multiple sets of main fasteners are arranged on the inner bottom surface, each set of the multiple sets of main fasteners being circumferentially positioned around a corresponding cylinder opening in the multiple cylinder openings.

19. The cylinder block according to claim 18, wherein: The first set of head fasteners includes a first head fastener, a second head fastener, a third head fastener, and a fourth head fastener. The first set of head fasteners is circumferentially positioned around the first cylinder opening among the plurality of cylinder openings. The second set of head fasteners includes the first head fastener, the second head fastener, the fifth head fastener, and the sixth head fastener. The second set of head fasteners is circumferentially positioned around the second cylinder opening among the plurality of cylinder openings, and the second cylinder opening is adjacent to the first cylinder opening.

20. The cylinder block according to claim 18, wherein: The first set of main fasteners includes a first main fastener, a second main fastener, a third main fastener, and a fourth main fastener. The first set of main fasteners is circumferentially positioned around the first cylinder opening among the plurality of cylinder openings. The second set of main fasteners includes the first main fastener, the second main fastener, the fifth main fastener, and the sixth main fastener. The second set of main fasteners is circumferentially positioned around the second cylinder opening among the plurality of cylinder openings, and the second cylinder opening is adjacent to the first cylinder opening.

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