Flow distribution device, rotating shaft structure of motor, motor and vehicle

Abstract

The application relates to a flow distribution device, a rotating shaft structure of a motor, a motor and a vehicle. The flow distribution device comprises a body, one end of the body is a liquid inlet end for corresponding to a liquid inlet of a rotating shaft; a first flow channel and a second flow channel are arranged on the outer side wall of the body starting from the liquid inlet end; wherein the outlet of the first flow channel is close to the liquid inlet end, and the outlet of the second flow channel is away from the liquid inlet end. According to the scheme, the cooling oil in the flow channel can be smoothly thrown out from the corresponding first liquid outlet hole and the second liquid outlet hole through the limitation and drainage of the first flow channel and the second flow channel of the flow distribution device, the rotating shaft, the rotor and the stator on the motor are cooled, the oil distribution is no longer affected by gravity, the situation of uneven cooling is avoided, and the service life of the motor is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of motor technology, and in particular to a flow distribution device, a motor shaft structure, a motor, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Electric motors generate a significant amount of heat during operation, especially traction motors in electric vehicles. Excessive motor temperature can negatively impact the performance and lifespan of its components. Therefore, cooling internal motor components (e.g., rotor) and external motor components (e.g., housing, stator) is crucial.

[0003] In related technologies, electric motors generally employ oil cooling or water cooling strategies. For the shaft of an oil-cooled motor, the structure typically involves a series of oil injection holes on the side wall of the shaft. During motor operation, cooling oil enters from one end of the shaft and is then ejected through the injection holes, subsequently cooling the rotor, stator core, and bearings. This structure generally suffers from uneven flow distribution, leading to uneven temperature cooling, especially when the motor is used in vehicles, where the tilting motion during cornering easily causes uneven flow distribution. Specifically, the end that receives the initial oil ejects a larger amount of oil, while the other end ejects less or none, resulting in uneven cooling of the shaft, poor motor temperature uniformity, and negatively impacting the overall performance of all components. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve or partially solve the problems existing in the related technologies, this application provides a flow distribution device, a motor shaft structure, a motor and a vehicle, which can cool the internal components of the motor more uniformly.

[0005] The first aspect of this application provides a flow distribution device, which includes a body, one end of which is a liquid inlet end for corresponding to the liquid inlet of a rotating shaft; a first flow channel and a second flow channel are formed on the outer side wall of the body, with the liquid inlet end as the starting point;

[0006] The outlet of the first flow channel is close to the inlet end, while the outlet of the second flow channel is far from the inlet end.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first flow channel and the second flow channel are alternately distributed along the outer side wall of the body.

[0008] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel decreases from large to small along the flow direction; and / or

[0009] The cross-sectional shape of the first flow channel is circular, elliptical, polygonal, or V-shaped;

[0010] The cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel decreases from large to small along the flow direction; and / or

[0011] The cross-sectional shape of the second flow channel is circular, elliptical, polygonal, or V-shaped.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first flow channel is a straight flow channel or a curved flow channel; and / or

[0013] The second flow channel is either a straight flow channel or a curved flow channel.

[0014] In some embodiments, the material of the body is a metal, a polymer, or a composite material.

[0015] A second aspect of this application provides a motor shaft structure, which includes a shaft and the aforementioned flow distribution device, wherein:

[0016] The rotating shaft has an axially oriented cavity inside, and a liquid inlet is provided at one end of the rotating shaft; a first liquid outlet and a second liquid outlet are provided on the side wall of the rotating shaft, with the first liquid outlet located at the end close to the liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet located at the end away from the liquid inlet; wherein the liquid inlet, the first liquid outlet and the second liquid outlet are respectively connected to the cavity.

[0017] The flow distribution device is disposed in the receiving cavity. The inlets of the first flow channel and the second flow channel are respectively connected to the liquid inlet of the rotating shaft. The outlet of the first flow channel is connected to the first liquid outlet, and the outlet of the second flow channel is connected to the second liquid outlet.

[0018] In some embodiments, the flow distribution device is integrally formed within the receiving cavity of the rotating shaft; or

[0019] The flow distribution device is sized to fit within the receiving cavity of the rotating shaft.

[0020] In some embodiments, the rotating shaft is provided with a positioning structure, which is engaged with the body of the flow distribution device to fix the position of the flow distribution device within the receiving cavity.

[0021] In some embodiments, the opening positions of the first liquid outlet and the second liquid outlet are staggered along the axis;

[0022] The number of the first liquid outlet holes is greater than or equal to the number of the first flow channels;

[0023] The number of the second liquid outlet holes is greater than or equal to the number of the second flow channels.

[0024] In some embodiments, the rotating shaft is a multi-segment shaft, a single-piece shaft, or a dual-shaft coaxial shaft.

[0025] A third aspect of this application provides an electric motor, which includes a stator, a rotor, and the aforementioned shaft structure. The rotor is sleeved on the shaft, the stator is sleeved on the rotor, a first liquid outlet is connected to the rotor and the stator respectively, and a second liquid outlet is connected to the rotor and the stator respectively.

[0026] The fourth aspect of this application provides a vehicle that includes the aforementioned motor.

[0027] The technical solution provided in this application may include the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The flow distribution device of this application can disperse liquid through a first flow channel and a second flow channel, and simultaneously deliver liquid to different positions on the outer wall of the body through the first flow channel and the second flow channel of different lengths, so that the liquid can flow through the part far from the liquid inlet end and the part close to the liquid inlet end, thereby enabling the temperature of the object being regulated (e.g., a rotating shaft) to be regulated more uniformly.

[0029] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The above and other objects, features and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the more detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments thereof.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the flow distribution device shown in the embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the motor shaft structure shown in one embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows the structural diagram of the motor's shaft.

[0034] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows the flow path of the liquid entering the first channel;

[0035] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 An exploded view of a section of the motor shaft and the flow distribution device from another perspective;

[0036] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of a section of the rotating shaft and the flow distribution device.

[0037] Figure 7 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of a segmented shaft motor.

[0038] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an integrated shaft motor shown in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a dual-axis coaxial motor shown in an embodiment of this application.

[0040] Figure label:

[0041] Body 100; Liquid inlet 101; First flow channel 110; Second flow channel 120; Outlet 130; Inlet 140;

[0042] Rotating shaft 200; proximal end 201; distal end 202; inner shaft 203; outer shaft 204; positioning structure 205; liquid inlet 210; receiving cavity 220; first liquid outlet 230; second liquid outlet 240;

[0043] Rotor 300; stator 400. Detailed Implementation

[0044] Embodiments of this application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that this application may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make this application more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of this application to those skilled in the art.

[0045] The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0046] It should be understood that although the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., may be used in this application to describe various information, this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0047] In related technologies, when the motor is running, the oil cooling method has the problem of uneven spraying of cooling oil, which makes it impossible for the shaft to be cooled evenly, affecting the performance and life of the motor.

[0048] To address the aforementioned issues, embodiments of this application provide a flow distribution device, a motor shaft structure, and a motor, which can more uniformly cool the internal components of the motor.

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application provides a flow distribution device, which includes a body 100, one end of which is a liquid inlet 101 for corresponding to the liquid inlet 210 of the rotating shaft 200; with the liquid inlet 101 of the body 100 as the starting point, a first flow channel 110 and a second flow channel 120 are respectively opened on the outer side wall of the body 100; wherein, the outlet 130 of the first flow channel 110 is close to the liquid inlet 101, and the outlet 130 of the second flow channel 120 is far away from the liquid inlet 101.

[0051] The flow distribution device is installed within the receiving cavity 220 inside the object. The outer periphery of the body 100 can be a similar or identical shape, such as a cylinder, cone, or truncated pyramid. The specific shape can be adjusted according to the actual contacting shape of the receiving cavity 220, and is not limited thereto. Specifically, the flow distribution device is used to distribute and guide the flow of liquid (e.g., coolant, cooling oil, or heat flow), so that the dispersed liquid can more evenly regulate the temperature (e.g., cool or heat) of the elongated object. The elongated object can be, for example, a rotating shaft 200, so that one end of the object and its opposite end can contact the dispersed liquid, avoiding uneven temperature at both ends of the object. Furthermore, one end of the body 100 is a liquid inlet end 101, used to guide liquid entering the object, for example, to guide liquid entering through the liquid inlet 210 of the rotating shaft 200, so that the liquid can be dispersed into the first flow channel 110 and the second flow channel 120. The dispersed liquid can contact the inner wall of the object from multiple directions, thereby achieving temperature regulation of the object. Specifically, starting from the liquid inlet end 101 of the body 100, the first flow channel 110 and the second flow channel 120 can be opened on the outer wall of the body 100 along the axial direction parallel to the body 100 or around the central axis of the body 100. The number of first flow channels 110 and the number of second flow channels 120 can be multiple, so that the first flow channels 110 and the second flow channels 120 can be distributed more widely at different positions on the outer peripheral sidewall of the body 100, so that the liquid entering each flow channel can be dispersed and contact the inner periphery of the object from different positions, increasing the contact range between the liquid and the object, thereby making the overall temperature of the object more uniformly regulated.

[0052] In this design, the inlets 140 of each of the first flow channels 110 and the second flow channels 120 can be uniformly located at the liquid inlet end 101, while the outlets 130 of the first flow channels 110 and the second flow channels 120 are respectively located at different positions on the outer side wall to form different flow paths. Taking the flow distribution device for cooling the motor shaft 200 as an example, the body 100 is located in the receiving cavity 220 inside the shaft 200, and the liquid flowing through each of the first flow channels 110 and the second flow channels 120 can cool the shaft 200 as a whole, avoiding temperature differences caused by uneven local cooling of the shaft 200. Specifically, the outlet 130 of the first flow channel 110 is closer to the inlet end 101; the second flow channel 120 is longer than the first flow channel 110, and the outlet 130 of the second flow channel 120 is located at the opposite end or a designated position on the outer wall of the body 100, so as to transport the liquid entering the second flow channel 120 to a farther distance from the inlet end 101, thereby cooling the entire shaft of the rotating shaft 200. This design, by using first flow channels 110 and second flow channels 120 of different lengths to transport liquid to different positions along the axial direction of the body 100, allows both ends of the rotating shaft 200 and the shaft body to be cooled by liquid flowing through flow channels of different lengths, avoiding uneven overall temperature caused by liquid concentration at one end of the rotating shaft 200.

[0053] As can be seen from this example, the flow distribution device of this application can disperse liquid through the first flow channel and the second flow channel, and deliver liquid to different positions on the outer wall of the body through the first flow channel and the second flow channel of different lengths, so that the liquid can flow through the part far from the liquid inlet end and the part close to the liquid inlet end, thereby making the temperature of the object being regulated (e.g., the rotating shaft) more uniform.

[0054] In some embodiments, the first flow channel 110 and the second flow channel 120 are alternately distributed along the outer side wall of the body 100. When there are multiple first flow channels 110 and multiple second flow channels 120, the first flow channels 110 and the second flow channels 120 can be alternately distributed on the outer side wall of the body 100, thereby facilitating liquid dispersion and uniform flow across the outer side wall of the body 100. Optionally, the first flow channels 110 and the second flow channels 120 can be alternately distributed at equal intervals, thereby further uniformly distributing the liquid flow to different positions on the outer side wall of the body 100. Optionally, the number of first flow channels 110 and the number of second flow channels 120 can be the same or different.

[0055] In some embodiments, the first flow channel 110 is a straight or curved flow channel; and / or, the second flow channel 120 is a straight or curved flow channel. For example, for a longer second flow channel 120, each second flow channel 120 is a curved flow channel, such as a spiral flow channel, allowing the liquid to flow around the outer wall of the body 100, making greater contact with the inner peripheral sidewall of the object, such as the rotating shaft 200, which helps to regulate the overall temperature of the object. To improve processing efficiency, the second flow channel 120 can also be a straight flow channel, for example, starting from the inlet 140 of the second flow channel 120 and extending along a straight line parallel to the axial direction to a designated position of the body 100. The multiple second flow channels 120 can have the same or different configurations, and the second flow channels 120 can intersect or be arranged in parallel. The length of the first flow channel 110 is much shorter than the length of the second flow channel 120. The first flow channel 110 can be a straight flow channel or a curved flow channel; that is, the first flow channel 110 can be of a different type or the same type as the second flow channel 120. A variety of flow channel configurations helps to increase the range through which the liquid flows after distribution, thereby increasing the contact area with the object, reducing dead zones where the object is not in contact with the liquid, and improving the overall temperature uniformity of the object.

[0056] It is understandable that, as liquid flows from one end of the body 100 to the other, in order to reduce the influence of fluid tension, in some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110 decreases along the flow direction. Similarly, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 can also decrease along the flow direction. Of course, optionally, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 110 can remain constant along the flow direction, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 120 can also remain constant along the flow direction. Such a structural design can reduce the difficulty of processing.

[0057] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the first flow channel 110 is circular, elliptical, polygonal, or V-shaped; the cross-sectional shape of the second flow channel 120 is also circular, elliptical, polygonal, or V-shaped. The cross-sectional shape of the second flow channel 120 may be the same as or different from that of the first flow channel 110. The cross-sectional shapes of multiple first flow channels 110 and multiple second flow channels 120 may be the same as or different from each other. It is understood that after the flow paths of the first flow channel 110 and the second flow channel 120 are determined on the outer wall of the body 100, the cross-sectional shapes of each channel can be flexibly combined and set. It should be noted that the first flow channel 110 and the second flow channel 120 are open flow channels, that is, their cross-sections are open tank structures, so that the flowing liquid can regulate the temperature by contacting the object.

[0058] In some embodiments, the body 100 may be a one-piece molded structure. The material of the body 100 may be metal, polymer, or composite material. For example, a lighter polymer or composite material may be used, such as a composite material of polypropylene plastic and glass fiber. The specific material may be flexibly selected based on factors such as material properties, cost, and processing technology, and is not limited thereto. The body 100 may be formed by injection molding, vacuum forming, or machining, and the specific method may be selected based on the ease of processing the determined material and structure of the body 100.

[0059] See Figures 1 to 3 This application embodiment also provides a motor shaft structure, which includes a shaft 200 and the above-mentioned flow distribution device, wherein: a receiving cavity 220 is provided axially inside the shaft 200, and a liquid inlet 210 is provided at one end of the shaft 200; a first liquid outlet 230 and a second liquid outlet 240 are provided on the side wall of the shaft 200, the first liquid outlet 230 is located at the end near the liquid inlet 210, and the second liquid outlet 240 is located at the end away from the liquid inlet 210; wherein the liquid inlet 210, the first liquid outlet 230 and the second liquid outlet 240 are respectively connected to the receiving cavity 220; the flow distribution device is disposed in the receiving cavity 220, the inlets 140 of the first flow channel 110 and the second flow channel 120 are respectively connected to the liquid inlet 210 of the shaft 200, the outlet 130 of the first flow channel 110 is connected to the first liquid outlet 230, and the outlet 130 of the second flow channel 120 is connected to the second liquid outlet 240.

[0060] In some embodiments, the flow distribution device is integrally formed within the receiving cavity 220 of the rotating shaft 200; or the flow distribution device is dimensionally fitted within the receiving cavity 220 of the rotating shaft 200. That is, the body 100 of the flow distribution device and the rotating shaft 200 can be an integrally formed structure or a detachable connection structure. When an integrally formed structure is used, the rotating shaft 200 made of metal and the body 100 made of, for example, composite material can be injection molded; specific molding methods and material types are only exemplified here. When a detachable connection structure is used, the dimensional fit connection can be a clearance fit, an overfit, or an interference fit between the outer circumference of the body 100 and the inner circumference of the receiving cavity 220 of the rotating shaft 200. This allows for efficient assembly without the need for other connecting parts. Furthermore, no additional seals are required to seal the ends of the body 100 and the rotating shaft 200; that is, the mating connection between the body 100 and the rotating shaft 200 prevents liquid in the receiving cavity 220 from leaking out from the gap between their contact surfaces.

[0061] Optionally, the flow distribution device can be a hollow structure or a solid structure. When the body 100 is a hollow structure, it can effectively reduce material costs and weight, and reduce the impact on the operation of the rotating shaft 200. Specifically, the liquid inlet end 101 of the flow distribution device body 100 is a closed end to prevent some liquid from leaking out from the other end after entering the hollow cavity of the body 100; the end of the body 100 opposite to the liquid inlet end 101 can be an open end, thus facilitating processing and molding.

[0062] The side wall of the rotating shaft 200 is provided with a first liquid outlet 230 and a second liquid outlet 240, which connect the internal receiving cavity 220 of the rotating shaft 200 to other structures (such as the rotor 300 and the stator 400) outside the rotating shaft 200, respectively. The first liquid outlet 230 is located at the end near the liquid inlet 210 (hereinafter referred to as the proximal end 201), and the second liquid outlet 240 is located at the end away from the liquid inlet 210 (hereinafter referred to as the distal end 202). By setting the first liquid outlet 230 and the second liquid outlet 240 at different positions along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 200, the liquid entering the receiving cavity 220 can flow out successively from the first liquid outlet 230 and the second liquid outlet 240 at different positions after flowing through the shaft of the rotating shaft 200. It is understandable that, in order for the liquid to flow through the shaft of the rotating shaft 200, after the liquid enters the receiving cavity 220 of the rotating shaft 200 from the inlet 210, the liquid first touches the inlet end 101 of the body 100 of the flow distribution device, and then enters the corresponding flow channel through the inlet 140 of each first flow channel 110 and second flow channel 120 for diversion. With the outer wall of the body 100 in contact with the inner wall of the receiving cavity 220 of the rotating shaft 200, the open first flow channel 110 and second flow channel 120 allow the liquid flowing in each flow channel to make all-around contact with the inner wall of the receiving cavity 220, thereby achieving temperature regulation of the shaft of the rotating shaft 200, such as cooling. During the rotation of the shaft 200, the liquid entering the first flow channel 110 first flows out through the corresponding outlet 130 from the first liquid outlet 230 at the near end 201 of the shaft 200 (flow path not shown). The liquid entering the second flow channel 120 flows through the shaft and then flows out through the corresponding outlet 130 from the second liquid outlet 240 at the far end 202 of the shaft 200 (flow path as shown). Figure 4 (As shown); This design ensures that the incoming liquid, through distribution, regulates the temperature of both the proximal end 201 and the distal end 202 of the rotating shaft 200, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the distal end 202 and the proximal end 201 of the rotating shaft 200. This avoids the problem of uneven cooling caused by a large amount of liquid flowing out from the first liquid outlet 230 of the proximal end 201 during the rotation of the rotating shaft 200.

[0063] The motor shaft structure of this application forms a hollow receiving cavity inside the shaft and sets up a flow distribution device inside the receiving cavity. This allows the liquid entering the receiving cavity to be divided by the flow distribution device. Then, during the rotation of the shaft, the flow distribution device guides the liquid to different positions in the receiving cavity and throws it out from the corresponding first liquid outlet and second liquid outlet. This allows the dispersed liquid to flow and contact different positions of the shaft, thereby achieving temperature regulation of the entire shaft body and avoiding uneven temperature at different positions of the shaft body.

[0064] Furthermore, to prevent the first liquid outlet 230 and the second liquid outlet 240 from being blocked, thus preventing the liquid from being smoothly ejected, in some embodiments, the rotating shaft 200 is provided with a positioning structure 205, which is engaged with the body of the flow distribution device. For example, the positioning structure 205 is engaged with the first flow channel 110 or the second flow channel 120 to fix the position of the flow distribution device in the receiving cavity 220, preventing the body 100 from rotating relative to the rotating shaft 200. This ensures that the outlet 130 of the first flow channel 110 of the body 100 is always in communication with the first liquid outlet 230 of the rotating shaft 200, allowing the liquid in the first flow channel 110 to flow smoothly out of the first liquid outlet 230, and that the outlet 130 of the second flow channel 120 of the body 100 is always in communication with the second liquid outlet 240 of the rotating shaft 200, allowing the liquid in the second flow channel 120 to flow smoothly out of the second liquid outlet 240. In some embodiments, the number of positioning structures 205 can be one, with a single positioning structure 205 protruding from one of the first flow channels 110 or the second flow channel 120. Typically, only one structure is needed to limit the relative rotation between the body 100 and the rotating shaft 200, and to avoid designing too many positioning structures to block the flow channels. For example, Figure 5 and Figure 6 The multi-segment rotating shaft shown can have a positioning structure 205 protruding from the distal end 202 of a segment of the rotating shaft away from the inlet end 101. The positioning structure 205 is engaged within one of the second flow channels 120, effectively preventing relative rotation between the rotating shaft and the body 100. In other embodiments, a slot (not shown) can be formed on the outer wall of the body 100 to allow the positioning structure 205 to be engaged and fixed. Similarly, for rotating shafts of other types, a positioning method adapted to the body can be designed, which will not be elaborated here. Of course, if the body 100 and the rotating shaft 200 of the flow distribution device are integrally formed, forming a fixed integrated structure, then a positioning structure is unnecessary, thus preventing relative rotation of the body 100 within the rotating shaft 200 that could lead to a disconnect between the flow channel and the corresponding outlet.

[0065] Furthermore, in some embodiments, there are multiple first liquid outlet holes 230 and multiple second liquid outlet holes 240. The number and diameter of the first liquid outlet holes 230 and the second liquid outlet holes 240 can be adjusted according to the diameter of the rotating shaft 200. Specifically, multiple first liquid outlet holes 230 are distributed around the outer side of the proximal end 201 of the rotating shaft 200. For example, multiple first liquid outlet holes 230 can surround the outer wall of the proximal end 201 of the rotating shaft 200. The multiple first liquid outlet holes 230 can be evenly distributed at equal intervals, and the multiple first flow channels 110 are correspondingly evenly distributed at equal intervals. The number of first liquid outlet holes 230 is equal to the number of first flow channels 110, and each first liquid outlet hole 230 is connected to the corresponding first flow channel 110. Optionally, the number of first liquid outlet holes 230 is greater than the number of first flow channels 110. The first liquid outlet holes 230 can also be configured to encircle the outer wall of the near end 201 of the rotating shaft 200 two or more times. For example, two or more first liquid outlet holes 230 may be connected to a single corresponding first flow channel 110. This design, by providing more first liquid outlet holes 230, improves the efficiency of liquid ejection from the rotating shaft 200, allowing the ejected liquid to cool the rotor 300 and stator 400 outside the rotating shaft 200 more quickly. Of course, the number of first liquid outlet holes 230 can be controlled to avoid excessive openings affecting the strength of the rotating shaft 200. Optionally, the number, diameter, and shape of the first liquid outlet holes 230 on the same circumference can be the same or different; the shape of the first liquid outlet holes 230 can be circular, elliptical, polygonal, or other geometric shapes, and the shapes of each first liquid outlet hole 230 can be the same or different. Accordingly, the number, diameter, and shape of the first liquid outlet holes 230 located on different circumferences can be the same or different, which will not be elaborated here. Similarly, the number of second liquid outlet holes 240 is greater than or equal to the number of second flow channels 120, and the shape and diameter of the second liquid outlet holes 240 can be the same as or different from the first liquid outlet holes 230. The second liquid outlet holes 240 can be arranged with reference to the design scheme of the first liquid outlet holes 230, which will not be elaborated here.

[0066] It should be noted that, based on the fact that the first flow channel 110 and the second flow channel 120 on the flow distribution device body 100 do not interfere with each other, i.e., they are not connected, to ensure that the liquid in different flow channels can smoothly reach the corresponding flow channel outlet 130, the outlet 130 of the first flow channel 110 and the outlet 130 of the second flow channel 120 are staggered. Correspondingly, the opening positions of the first liquid outlet 230 and the second liquid outlet 240 are staggered along the axis, i.e., the line connecting the centers of any first liquid outlet 230 and any second liquid outlet 240 is not parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft 200. This design ensures that the liquid can flow completely through the second flow channel 120 to cool the shaft as a whole, and prevents the liquid entering the second flow channel 120 from being thrown out of the first liquid outlet 230 first and failing to reach the second liquid outlet 240 at the far end 202 of the rotating shaft 200.

[0067] See Figure 7 An embodiment of this application also provides an electric motor, which includes a stator 400, a rotor 300 and the aforementioned shaft structure. The rotor 300 is sleeved on the shaft 200, the stator 400 is sleeved on the rotor 300, a first liquid outlet 230 is connected to the rotor 300 and the stator 400 respectively, and a second liquid outlet 240 is connected to the rotor 300 and the stator 400 respectively.

[0068] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment takes an oil-cooled motor as an example. When the motor rotates, cooling oil simultaneously enters the receiving cavity 220 of the rotating shaft 200 from the inlet 210. The cooling oil is then dispersed into the first flow channels 110 and the second flow channels 120 of the flow distribution device. The cooling oil entering the first flow channel 110 reaches the first outlet 230 along the path and is thrown out to the rotor 300 and stator 400 outside the rotating shaft 200, thus cooling the rotor 300 and stator 400 near the first outlet 230. The cooling oil entering the second flow channel 120 reaches the second outlet 240 along the path and is thrown out to the rotor 300 and stator 400 outside the rotating shaft 200, thus cooling the rotor 300 and stator 400 near the second outlet 240 while simultaneously cooling the shaft body of the rotating shaft 200. It should be noted that, as Figure 7 As shown, unlike traditional cooling structures, this application provides a first liquid outlet 230 at the near end of the rotating shaft 200 and a second liquid outlet 240 at the far end, allowing the cooling oil ejected from the holes to be directly sprayed onto both ends of the stator 400. This ensures that the entire stator 400, which is fitted onto the outermost layer of the rotating shaft 200, can be uniformly cooled. In other words, on the one hand, the temperature difference between the outermost stator 400 and the innermost rotating shaft 200 is reduced; on the other hand, the temperature difference between the two ends of the stator 400 is eliminated as much as possible, preventing localized overheating of the stator 400.

[0069] The shaft structure of this application can be applied to motors of different structures. In some embodiments, the shaft 200 can be a multi-segment shaft, a one-piece shaft, or a dual-shaft coaxial structure. For example... Figure 7 As shown, a multi-segment shaft is composed of two or more shaft sections joined end-to-end; such as... Figure 8 As shown, the shaft body of the integrated shaft is a single shaft body; as Figure 9 As shown, the dual-axis coaxial rotating shaft 200 includes two inner shafts 203 and outer shafts 204 that have the same axis and are nested together. It should be noted that, based on the dual-axis structure, the liquid inlet end 101 of the flow distribution device body 100 can be an open structure, that is, a non-closed end, so that the body 100 and the inner shaft 203 can be nested together.

[0070] It is understandable that the structure and form of the internal flow distribution device are adjusted accordingly based on the different types of rotating shafts 200. For example... Figure 7As shown, for a two-section shaft, the outlet 130 of the second flow channel 120 of the flow distribution device can be located at the end of the body 100. For example... Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown in the figure, the length of the integrated shaft and the coaxial dual shaft is much greater than the length of the external rotor 300 and stator 400. In order for the cooling oil to cool the rotor 300 and stator 400 outside the integrated shaft, the second liquid outlet 240 is set at a designated position, for example, at a position near the end of the rotor 300. The outlet 130 of the second flow channel 120 in the flow distribution device is connected to the second liquid outlet 240 to ensure that the cooling oil is thrown out from the second liquid outlet 240 to the rotor 300 and stator 400.

[0071] Furthermore, the location of the flow distribution device can be adaptively adjusted according to different types of rotating shafts 200. For example... Figure 9 As shown, the dual-shaft coaxial configuration includes an inner shaft 203 and an outer shaft 204. A flow distribution device can be positioned between the inner shaft 203 and the outer shaft 204, meaning the main body 100 is fitted around the outer circumference of the inner shaft 203, and the outer shaft 204 is fitted around the outer circumference of the main body 100. During the operation of the rotating shaft 200, after the cooling oil flows into the first flow channel 110 and the second flow channel 120 of the main body 100, the cooling oil is ejected from the first outlet hole 230 and the second outlet hole 240 of the outer shaft 204 to the outer circumference of the rotor 300 and stator 400.

[0072] In summary, as can be seen from this example, the shaft structure used in the motor of this application allows the shaft, rotor, stator and other components to be cooled more evenly by the cooling oil, avoiding uneven temperature. Moreover, the flow distribution device used in the motor of this application can be adapted to various shafts with different structures without adjusting the structure of the shaft itself, and has good versatility.

[0073] It should be noted that other embodiments of this application also include a vehicle that can be implemented by combining the technical features of the above embodiments. The vehicle can be an electric vehicle, driven by a motor. When the vehicle encounters a tilting situation during driving, the cooling oil entering the flow channel can be smoothly thrown out from the corresponding first and second outlet holes through the restriction and diversion of each first and second flow channel of the flow distribution device, thereby achieving cooling of the shaft, rotor, and stator on the motor. The oil distribution is no longer affected by gravity, avoiding uneven cooling and extending the service life of the motor.

[0074] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as the combination of these technical features does not contradict each other, it should be considered within the scope of this specification. The embodiments of this application have been described above. The above description is exemplary and not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical applications, or improvements to the technology in the market of the embodiments, or to enable other those skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A flow distribution device, characterized in that, Includes a body (100), one end of which is a liquid inlet end (101) for corresponding to the liquid inlet (210) of the rotating shaft (200); with the liquid inlet end (101) as the starting point, a first flow channel (110) and a second flow channel (120) are formed on the outer side wall of the body (100). The outlet (130) of the first flow channel (110) is close to the liquid inlet (101), and the outlet (130) of the second flow channel (120) is far from the liquid inlet (101); the first flow channel (110) and the second flow channel (120) are alternately distributed along the outer side wall of the body (100); by using the first flow channel (110) and the second flow channel (120) of different lengths, the liquid is transported to different positions in the axial direction of the body (100); Wherein, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel (110) decreases from large to small along the flow direction, and / or the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel (120) decreases from large to small along the flow direction.

2. The flow distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the first flow channel (110) is circular, elliptical, polygonal, or V-shaped; and / or The cross-sectional shape of the second flow channel (120) is circular, elliptical, polygonal or V-shaped.

3. The flow distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first flow channel (110) is a straight flow channel or a curved flow channel; and / or The second flow channel (120) is a straight flow channel or a curved flow channel.

4. The flow distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the body (100) is metal, polymer, or composite material.

5. A shaft structure for an electric motor, characterized in that, Includes a rotating shaft and a flow distribution device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The rotating shaft (200) has an axially oriented cavity (220) inside, and a liquid inlet (210) is provided at one end of the rotating shaft; a first liquid outlet (230) and a second liquid outlet (240) are provided on the side wall of the rotating shaft (200), the first liquid outlet (230) is located at the end close to the liquid inlet (210), and the second liquid outlet (240) is located at the end away from the liquid inlet (210); wherein, the liquid inlet (210), the first liquid outlet (230) and the second liquid outlet (240) are respectively connected to the cavity (220). The flow distribution device is disposed in the receiving cavity (220). The inlets (140) of the first flow channel (110) and the second flow channel (120) are respectively connected to the liquid inlet (210) of the rotating shaft (200). The outlet (130) of the first flow channel (110) is connected to the first liquid outlet (230), and the outlet (130) of the second flow channel (120) is connected to the second liquid outlet (240).

6. The rotating shaft structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flow distribution device is integrally formed within the receiving cavity (220) of the rotating shaft (200); or The flow distribution device is sized to fit within the receiving cavity (220) of the rotating shaft (200).

7. The rotating shaft structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotating shaft is provided with a positioning structure, which is engaged with the body of the flow distribution device to fix the position of the flow distribution device in the receiving cavity (220).

8. The rotating shaft structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The opening positions of the first liquid outlet (230) and the second liquid outlet (240) are staggered along the axis; The number of the first liquid outlet holes (230) is greater than or equal to the number of the first flow channels (110); The number of the second liquid outlet holes (240) is greater than or equal to the number of the second flow channels (120).

9. The rotating shaft structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (200) can be a multi-segment shaft, an integral shaft, or a dual-shaft coaxial shaft.

10. An electric motor, characterized in that, The device includes a stator (400), a rotor (300), and a shaft structure as described in any one of claims 5 to 9, wherein the rotor (300) is sleeved on the shaft (200), the stator (400) is sleeved on the rotor (300), the first liquid outlet (230) is connected to the rotor (300) and the stator (400) respectively, and the second liquid outlet (240) is connected to the rotor (300) and the stator (400) respectively.

11. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the motor as described in claim 10.

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