Monostatic radar with progressive length transmission

Abstract

A monostatic radar (314) with progressive length transmissions can be used with a half-duplex system or a full-duplex system to reduce self-interference. The system transmits a first signal (350) for a first duration (302) and receives a first reflection (324) of the first signal from a first object (316) during a second duration (304). The system transmits a second signal (352) for a third duration (306) that is longer than the first duration and receives a second reflection (328, 330) of the second signal from a second object (318) during a fourth duration (308). The system calculates a position of the first object and the second object based on the first reflection and the second reflection. The first signal, the first duration, and the second duration are configured to detect reflections from objects (316) that are within a first distance from the system. The second signal, the third duration, and the fourth duration are configured to detect reflections from objects (318) that are between the first distance and a second distance from the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure generally relates to the field of wireless communications, and more particularly to using radar with a progressively longer signal to identify the location of objects in a half-duplex system.

[0002] background

[0003] Radar can be used to determine the location and movement of objects. Conventional monostatic radars operating with frequency-modulated continuous waveforms require a full-duplex system (i.e., both sides can transmit and receive simultaneously). In a full-duplex system, self-interference can be a problem.

[0004] Brief Overview

[0005] A system of one or more computers may be configured to perform specific operations or actions by means of software, firmware, hardware, or a combination thereof installed on the system that causes the system to perform actions during operation. One or more computer programs may be configured to perform specific operations or actions by means of instructions that cause the data processing device to perform actions when executed. One general aspect includes a method for radar detection of an object. A device may transmit a first signal during a first duration and receive a first reflection of the first signal from a first object during a second duration following the first duration. The device may transmit a second signal during a third duration longer than the first duration following the second duration and receive a second reflection of the second signal from a second object during a fourth duration following the third duration. The device may calculate the location of the first object and the second object based on the first and second reflections. Other embodiments of this aspect include corresponding computer systems, apparatuses, and computer programs recorded on one or more computer storage devices, each configured to perform the actions of a respective method.

[0006] Implementations may include one or more of the following features. In some embodiments, a first object is within a first distance from the device, while a second object is located between a first distance and a second distance from the device, the second distance being greater than the first distance. In some embodiments, a first duration is determined based on a minimum detectable distance between the object and the device. In some embodiments, a third duration is determined based on the first duration. In some instances, a third reflection of a second signal from a second object cannot be detected. In some embodiments, the first signal is a phase-modulated continuous waveform. In some embodiments, the device is a full-duplex device. In some embodiments, the device is a half-duplex device. In some embodiments, the device includes a monostatic radar. Implementations of the described techniques may include hardware, methods or processes, or computer software on a computer-accessible medium.

[0007] According to this disclosure, an example method for radar detection of an object includes transmitting a first signal by a device during a first duration. The method further includes receiving a first reflection of the first signal from a first object by the device during a second duration following the first duration. The method also includes transmitting a second signal by the device during a third duration, wherein the third duration is longer than the first duration and follows the second duration. The method further includes receiving a second reflection of the second signal from a second object by the device during a fourth duration following the third duration. The method also includes determining the location of the first object and the second object by the device based on the first and second reflections.

[0008] According to this disclosure, an example device for radar detection of an object includes: a transceiver, a memory, and one or more processors communicatively coupled to the transceiver and the memory, wherein the one or more processors are configured to transmit a first signal via the transceiver during a first duration. The one or more processors are further configured to receive a first reflection of the first signal from a first object during a second duration following the first duration via the transceiver. The one or more processors are further configured to transmit a second signal via the transceiver during a third duration, wherein the third duration is longer than the first duration and follows the second duration. The one or more processors are further configured to receive a second reflection of the second signal from a second object during a fourth duration following the third duration via the transceiver. The one or more processors are further configured to determine the location of the first object and the second object based on the first and second reflections.

[0009] According to this disclosure, an example apparatus for radar detection of an object includes means for transmitting a first signal during a first duration. The apparatus further includes means for receiving a first reflection of the first signal from a first object during a second duration following the first duration. The apparatus further includes means for transmitting a second signal during a third duration, wherein the third duration is longer than the first duration and occurs after the second duration. The apparatus further includes means for receiving a second reflection of the second signal from a second object during a fourth duration following the third duration. The apparatus further includes means for determining the location of the first object and the second object based on the first and second reflections.

[0010] According to this disclosure, an example non-transient computer-readable medium stores instructions for radar detection of an object, including code for transmitting a first signal from a device during a first duration. These instructions further include code for receiving a first reflection of the first signal from a first object during a second duration following the first duration. These instructions further include code for transmitting a second signal during a third duration, wherein the third duration is longer than the first duration and follows the second duration. These instructions further include code for receiving a second reflection of the second signal from a second object during a fourth duration following the third duration. These instructions further include code for determining the location of the first object and the second object based on the first and second reflections. Brief description of the attached diagram

[0012] Figure 1 This is a diagram of a positioning system according to an embodiment.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating a fifth-generation (5G) new radio (NR) positioning system, explaining how positioning systems are implemented within 5G NR communication systems (e.g., Figure 1 An example of a positioning system.

[0014] Figure 3-5 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a progressive signal used in conjunction with a half-duplex device, according to some embodiments.

[0015] Figure 6 This is an example diagram of the first transmission according to an embodiment.

[0016] Figure 7 This is an example diagram of the second transmission according to an embodiment.

[0017] Figure 8 This is an example diagram of the third transmission according to an embodiment.

[0018] Figure 9 This is a flowchart of an embodiment for using a monostatic radar in a half-duplex system.

[0019] Figure 10 This is a block diagram of an embodiment of a UE that can be utilized in the embodiments described herein.

[0020] Figure 11 This is a block diagram of an embodiment of a base station that can be utilized in the embodiments described herein.

[0021] Figure 12 This is a block diagram of an embodiment of a computer system that can be utilized in the embodiments described herein.

[0022] Similar reference numerals in the various figures indicate similar elements according to certain examples. Additionally, multiple instances of an element can be indicated by appending a letter or hyphen followed by a second numeral after the first numeral. For example, multiple instances of element 110 may be indicated as 110-1, 110-2, 110-3, etc., or as 110a, 110b, 110c, etc. When only the first numeral is used to refer to such an element, it will be understood as any instance of that element (e.g., element 110 in the previous example would refer to elements 110-1, 110-2, and 110-3, or elements 110a, 110b, and 110c).

[0023] Detailed description

[0024] Several illustrative embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form part of the embodiments. Although specific embodiments that can implement one or more aspects of this disclosure are described below, other embodiments can be used and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0025] The following description is directed to certain implementations in order to illustrate aspects of the innovation of the various embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that the teachings herein can be applied in many different ways. The described implementations can be implemented in any device, system, or network capable of transmitting and receiving radio frequency (RF) signals according to any communication standard, such as any of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) IEEE 802.11 standards (including those identified as...). Those standards of technology) Standard, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), GSM / General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Enhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE), Terrestrial Trunking Radio (TETRA), Wideband CDMA (W-CDMA), Evolved Data Optimized (EV-DO), 1xEV-DO, EV-DO Revision A, EV-DO Revision B, High Rate Packet Data (HRPD), High Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA), High Speed ​​Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA), High Speed ​​Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), Evolved High Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA+), Long Term Evolution (LTE), Advanced Mobile Phone Systems (AMPS), or other known signals used for communication in wireless, cellular, or Internet of Things (IoT) networks (such as systems utilizing 3G, 4G, 5G, 6G, or further implementations thereof).

[0026] As used herein, an "RF signal" includes electromagnetic waves that transmit information across the space between a transmitter (or transmitter equipment) and a receiver (or receiver equipment). As used herein, a transmitter may transmit a single "RF signal" or multiple "RF signals" to a receiver. However, due to the propagation characteristics of individual RF signals through a multipath channel, a receiver may receive multiple "RF signals" corresponding to each transmitted RF signal. The same RF signal transmitted on different paths between the transmitter and receiver can be referred to as a "multipath" RF signal.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a simplified explanation of a positioning system 100 according to an embodiment, wherein the UE 105, location server 160, and / or other components of the positioning system 100 may use the techniques provided herein for implementing monostatic radar with asymptotic length transmission. The techniques described herein may be implemented by one or more components of the positioning system 100. The positioning system 100 may include: the UE 105; one or more satellites 110 (also referred to as spacecraft (SV)) for a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) (such as GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, or BeiDou); a base station 120; an access point (AP) 130; a location server 160; a network 170; and an external client 180. Generally, the positioning system 100 may estimate the position of the UE 105 based on RF signals received and / or transmitted by the UE 105 and the known positions of other components transmitting and / or receiving RF signals (e.g., GNSS satellites 110, base station 120, AP 130). Reference Figure 2 Further details regarding location-specific estimation techniques will be discussed.

[0028] It should be noted that Figure 1 This provides only a general explanation of the various components, where any or all of them can be appropriately utilized, and each component can be repeated as needed. Specifically, although only one UE 105 is described, it will be understood that many UEs (e.g., hundreds, thousands, millions, etc.) can utilize positioning system 100. Similarly, positioning system 100 may include more than Figure 1 The illustrated number of base stations 120 and / or access points 130 may be more or less. The illustrated connections between the various components in the positioning system 100 include data and signaling connections, which may include additional (intermediate) components, direct or indirect physical and / or wireless connections, and / or additional networks. Furthermore, components may be rearranged, combined, separated, replaced, and / or omitted depending on desired functionality. In some embodiments, for example, an external client 180 may be directly connected to the location server 160. Those skilled in the art will recognize numerous modifications to the illustrated components.

[0029] Depending on the desired functionality, network 170 may include any of a wide variety of wireless and / or wired networks. Network 170 may include, for example, any combination of public and / or private networks, local area networks (LANs) and / or wide area networks (WANs). Furthermore, network 170 may utilize one or more wired and / or wireless communication technologies. In some embodiments, network 170 may include, for example, cellular or other mobile networks, wireless local area networks (WLANs), wireless wide area networks (WWANs), and / or the Internet. Examples of network 170 include Long Term Evolution (LTE) wireless networks, fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks (also known as New Radio (NR) wireless networks or 5G NR wireless networks), Wi-Fi WLANs, and the Internet. LTE, 5G, and NR are wireless technologies defined or being defined by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). Network 170 may also include more than one network and / or more than one type of network.

[0030] Base station 120 and access point (AP) 130 are communicatively coupled to network 170. In some embodiments, base station 120 may be owned, maintained, and / or operated by a cellular network provider and may employ any of a variety of wireless technologies as described below. Depending on the technology of network 170, base station 120 may include a B-node, evolved B-node (eNodeB or eNB), base transceiver station (BTS), radio base station (RBS), NR B-node (gNB), next-generation eNB (ng-eNB), etc. In the case where network 170 is a 5G network, base station 120, as a gNB or ng-eNB, may be part of a next-generation radio access network (NG-RAN) that can connect to a 5G core network (5GC). AP 130 may include, for example, a Wi-Fi AP or AP. Therefore, UE 105 can send and receive information with network-connected devices (such as location server 160) via base station 120 accessing network 170 using the first communication link 133. Additionally or alternatively, because AP 130 can also be communicatively coupled to network 170, UE 105 can use the second communication link 135 to communicate with network-connected and Internet-connected devices (including location server 160).

[0031] As used herein, the term "base station" generally refers to a single physical transmission point or multiple physical transmission points located at base station 120. A transmit / receive point (TRP) (also referred to as a transmit / receive point) corresponds to this type of transmission point, and the term "TRP" is used interchangeably with the terms "gNB," "ng-eNB," and "base station." In some cases, base station 120 may include multiple TRPs—for example, where each TRP is associated with a different antenna or a different antenna array of base station 120. A physical transmission point may include the antenna array of base station 120 (e.g., as in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system and / or in the case of beamforming at the base station). The term "base station" may additionally refer to multiple non-co-located physical transmission points, which may be a distributed antenna system (DAS) (a network of spatially separated antennas connected via a transmission medium to a shared source) or a remote radio headend (RRH) (a remote base station connected to a serving base station).

[0032] As used herein, the term "cell" generally refers to a logical communication entity used to communicate with base station 120 and may be associated with an identifier (e.g., Physical Cell Identifier (PCID), Virtual Cell Identifier (VCID)) used to distinguish adjacent cells operating via the same or different carriers. In some examples, a carrier may support multiple cells and may be configured with different protocol types (e.g., Machine-Type Communication (MTC), Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), or other protocols) that can provide access for different types of devices. In some cases, the term "cell" may refer to a portion (e.g., a sector) of the geographic coverage area on which a logical entity operates.

[0033] Location server 160 may include servers and / or other computing devices configured to determine the estimated location of UE 105 and / or provide data (e.g., “auxiliary data”) to UE 105 to facilitate location measurement and / or location determination. According to some embodiments, location server 160 may include a Home Secure User Plane Positioning (SUPL) location platform (H-SLP) that supports SUPL user plane (UP) positioning solutions defined by the Open Mobility Alliance (OMA) and can support location services for UE 105 based on subscription information about UE 105 stored in location server 160. In some embodiments, location server 160 may include a Discovery SLP (D-SLP) or an Emergency SLP (E-SLP). Location server 160 may also include an Enhanced Serving Mobility Location Center (E-SMLC) that uses a control plane (CP) positioning solution to support the positioning of UE 105 for LTE radio access of UE 105. Location server 160 may further include location management function (LMF) that uses a control plane (CP) positioning solution to support the positioning of UE 105 for NR or LTE radio access of UE 105.

[0034] In the CP positioning solution, from the perspective of network 170, signaling for controlling and managing the positioning of UE 105 can use existing network interfaces and protocols and be exchanged as signaling between the various components of network 170 and with UE 105. In the UP positioning solution, from the perspective of network 170, signaling for controlling and managing the positioning of UE 105 can be exchanged as data (e.g., data transmitted using Internet Protocol (IP) and / or Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)) between location server 160 and UE 105.

[0035] As previously mentioned (and discussed in more detail below), the estimated location of UE 105 can be based on measurements of RF signals transmitted from and / or received by UE 105. Specifically, these measurements can provide information about the relative distance and / or angle between UE 105 and one or more components of positioning system 100 (e.g., GNSS satellite 110, AP 130, base station 120). The estimated location of UE 105 can be estimated geometrically (e.g., using polygonal measurements and / or polygonal positioning) based on the distance and / or angle measurements along with the known locations of these one or more components.

[0036] While ground components (such as AP 130 and base station 120) may be fixed, the embodiments are not limited thereto. Mobile components may be used. For example, in some embodiments, the location of UE 105 may be estimated at least in part based on measurements of RF signals 140 transmitted between UE 105 and one or more other UEs 145 (which may be mobile or fixed). When one or more other UEs 145 are used in determining the location of a particular UE 105, the UE 105 whose location is to be determined may be referred to as the “target UE,” and each of the one or more other UEs 145 may be referred to as the “anchor UE.” For the location determination of the target UE, the respective locations of the one or more anchor UEs may be known and / or determined jointly with the target UE. Direct communication between the one or more other UEs 145 and UE 105 may include sidelinks and / or similar device-to-device (D2D) communication technologies. Sidelinks, as defined by 3GPP, are forms of D2D communication under cellular-based LTE and NR standards.

[0037] The estimated location of UE 105 can be used in various applications—for example, to assist the user of UE 105 in direction finding or navigation, or to assist (e.g., in the location of another user associated with external client 180) in locating UE 105. "Location" is also referred to herein as "location estimation," "estimated location," "position," "location," "location estimation," "location lock," "estimated location," "location lock," or "lock." The process of determining location may be referred to as "location," "location determination," "location determination," etc. The location of UE 105 may include the absolute location of UE 105 (e.g., latitude and longitude and possible altitude) or the relative location of UE 105 (e.g., expressed as a distance north or south, east or west, and possibly above or below from another known fixed location or another location (such as the location of UE 105 at a known previous time)). Location may be specified as a geodetic location including coordinates, which may be absolute (e.g., latitude, longitude, and optionally altitude), relative (e.g., relative to a known absolute location), or local (e.g., X, Y, and optionally Z coordinates according to a coordinate system defined relative to a local area (such as a factory, warehouse, university campus, shopping mall, stadium, or conference center). Location may alternatively be a municipal location, and then may include one or more of the following: street address (e.g., including the name or label of country, state, county, city, road and / or street and / or road or street number) and / or location, building, part of a building, floor of a building and / or room within a building, etc. Location may further include indications of uncertainty or error, such as horizontal distances and possible vertical distances where errors are expected to exist in the location, or indications of the area or volume (e.g., a circle or ellipse) within which UE 105 is expected to be located at a certain confidence level (e.g., 95% confidence).

[0038] External client 180 may be a web server or remote application that can be associated with UE 105 in some way (e.g., accessible by a user of UE 105), or it may be a server, application, or computer system that provides location services to one or more other users, which may include obtaining and providing the location of UE 105 (e.g., to enable services such as finding friends or relatives, or locating children or pets). Additionally or alternatively, external client 180 may obtain the location of UE 105 and provide it to emergency service providers, government agencies, etc.

[0039] As previously mentioned, the example positioning system 100 can be implemented using a wireless communication network (such as an LTE-based or 5G NR-based network). Figure 2A diagram of a 5G NR positioning system 200 is shown, illustrating an embodiment of a positioning system (e.g., positioning system 100) implementing 5G NR. The 5G NR positioning system 200 can be configured to use access nodes 210, 214, 216 (which may correspond to...) Figure 1 The 5G NR positioning system 200 uses one or more positioning methods to determine the location of the UE 105, including base station 120 and access point 130, and optionally LMF 220 (which may correspond to location server 160). Here, the 5G NR positioning system 200 includes the UE 105 and various components of the 5G NR network, including a next-generation (NG) radio access network (RAN) (NG-RAN) 235 and a 5G core network (5G CN) 240. The 5G network may also be referred to as an NR network; the NG-RAN 235 may be referred to as a 5G RAN or NR RAN; and the 5G CN 240 may be referred to as an NG core network. The 5G NR positioning system 200 may further utilize information from GNSS satellites 110 from GNSS systems (e.g., Global Positioning System (GSP)) or similar systems (e.g., GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou, Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS)). Additional components of the 5G NR positioning system 200 are described below. The 5G NR positioning system 200 may include additional or replacement components.

[0040] It should be noted that Figure 2 This document provides only a general description of the various components, where any or all of them may be utilized appropriately, and each component may be repeated or omitted as needed. Specifically, although only one UE 105 is described, it will be understood that many UEs (e.g., hundreds, thousands, millions, etc.) may utilize the 5G NR positioning system 200. Similarly, the 5G NR positioning system 200 may include a larger (or smaller) number of GNSS satellites 110, gNB 210, ng-eNB 214, wireless local area network (WLAN) 216, access and mobility management functions (AMF) 215, external clients 230, and / or other components. The described connections linking the various components in the 5G NR positioning system 200 include data and signaling connections, which may include additional (intermediate) components, direct or indirect physical and / or wireless connections, and / or additional networks. Furthermore, components may be rearranged, combined, separated, replaced, and / or omitted depending on the desired functionality.

[0041] UE 105 may include and / or be referred to as a device, mobile device, wireless device, mobile terminal, terminal, mobile station (MS), Secure User Plane Positioning Enabled (SUPL) terminal (SET), or some other name. Furthermore, UE 105 may correspond to a cellular phone, smartphone, laptop computer, tablet device, personal data assistant (PDA), navigation device, Internet of Things (IoT) device, or some other portable or mobile device. Typically, although not required, UE 105 may use one or more Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (such as GSM, CDMA, W-CDMA, LTE, High Rate Packet Data (HRPD), IEEE 802.11). Bluetooth and microwave access are globally interoperable (WiMAX) TM 5G NR (e.g., using NG-RAN 235 and 5G CN240) etc.) can support wireless communication. UE 105 can also use WLAN 216 (similar to one or more RATs, and as previously referenced) that can connect to other networks (such as the Internet) to support wireless communication. Figure 1 (As mentioned) to support wireless communication. Using one or more of these RATs allows UE 105 (e.g., via...) Figure 2 The 5G CN 240 (not shown) may communicate with external client 230 via Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC) 225 and / or allow external client 230 (e.g., via GMLC 225) to receive location information about UE 105. When implemented in or coupled with a 5G NR network, Figure 2 The external client 230 can correspond to Figure 1 External client 180.

[0042] UE 105 may include a single entity or may include multiple entities, such as in a personal area network in which the user may employ audio, video, and / or data I / O devices, and / or body sensors, as well as separate wired or wireless modems. An estimate of the location of UE 105 may be referred to as location, location estimate, location lock, lock, positioning, location estimation, or location lock, and may be geodetic, providing location coordinates (e.g., latitude and longitude) of UE 105, which may or may not include an elevation component (e.g., altitude; height above or depth below ground level, floor level, or basement level). Alternatively, the location of UE 105 may be expressed as a municipal location (e.g., expressed as a postal address or designation of a point or smaller area within a building (such as a specific room or floor)). The location of UE 105 may also be expressed as an area or volume within which UE 105 is expected to be located with a certain probability or confidence level (e.g., 67%, 95%, etc.) (geodetically or municipally defined). The location of UE 105 may further be a relative location, which includes, for example, distance and direction defined relative to an origin at a known location, or relative to X, Y (and Z) coordinates, which may be defined geodetically, municipalally, or with reference to a point, area, or volume indicated on a map, floor plan, or building plan. In the description contained herein, the use of the term location may include any of these variations unless otherwise indicated. When calculating the location of the UE, local X, Y, and possibly Z coordinates are typically solved, and then, if necessary, the local coordinates are converted to absolute coordinates (e.g., with respect to latitude, longitude, and elevation above or below mean sea level).

[0043] Figure 2 The base station in the NG-RAN 235 shown can correspond to Figure 1 The base station 120 in the NG-RAN 235 may include NRB nodes (gNBs) 210-1 and 210-2 (collectively and generally referred to herein as gNB 210). Pairs of gNBs 210 in the NG-RAN 235 may be interconnected (e.g., as shown in the image). Figure 2(The connection shown is either a direct connection or an indirect connection via another gNB 210). The communication interface between the base stations (gNB 210 and / or ng-eNB 214) may be referred to as the Xn interface 237. Access to the 5G network is provided to UE 105 via wireless communication between UE 105 and one or more gNBs 210, which may use 5G NR to provide wireless communication access to the 5G CN 240 on behalf of UE 105. The radio interface between the base station (gNB 210 and / or ng-eNB 214) and UE 105 may be referred to as the Uu interface 239. 5G NR radio access may also be referred to as NR radio access or 5G radio access. Figure 2 In this example, it is assumed that the serving gNB of UE105 is gNB 210-1, but other gNBs (e.g., gNB 210-2) may act as serving gNBs or as secondary gNBs to provide additional throughput and bandwidth to UE105 if UE105 moves to another location.

[0044] Figure 2 The base stations in the NG-RAN 235 shown may additionally or alternatively include next-generation evolved B nodes (also referred to as ng-eNBs) 214. The ng-eNB 214 may connect to one or more gNBs 210 in the NG-RAN 235—for example, directly or indirectly via other gNBs 210 and / or other ng-eNBs. The ng-eNB 214 may provide LTE radio access and / or evolved LTE (eLTE) radio access to the UE 105. Figure 2 Some gNB 210s (e.g., gNB 210-2) and / or ng-eNB 214s can be configured to function as location-only beacons, capable of transmitting signals (e.g., location reference signals (PRS)) and / or broadcasting auxiliary data to assist in the location of UE 105, but unable to receive signals from UE 105 or from other UEs. Note that although in Figure 2 The diagram shows only one ng-eNB 214, but some embodiments may include multiple ng-eNBs 214. Base stations 210 and 214 may communicate directly with each other via the Xn communication interface. Additionally or alternatively, base stations 210 and 214 may communicate directly or indirectly with other components of the 5G NR positioning system 200, such as LMF 220 and AMF 215.

[0045] The 5G NR positioning system 200 may also include one or more WLANs 216 that can connect to the non-3GPP interoperability function (N3IWF) 250 in the 5G CN 240 (e.g., in the case of untrusted WLAN 216). For example, WLAN 216 may support IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi access for UE 105 and may include one or more Wi-Fi APs (e.g., Figure 1 (AP 130). Here, N3IWF 250 can connect to other components in 5G CN 240, such as AMF 215. In some embodiments, WLAN 216 can support another RAT, such as Bluetooth. N3IWF 250 can provide support for secure access of UE 105 to other components in 5G CN 240 and / or can support interoperability between one or more protocols used by WLAN 216 and UE 105 and one or more protocols used by other components of 5G CN 240 (such as AMF 215). For example, N3IWF 250 can support: establishing an IPSec tunnel with UE 105, terminating the IKEv2 / IPSec protocol with UE 105, terminating the N2 and N3 interfaces to 5G CN 240 for control plane and user plane respectively, and relaying uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) control plane non-access layer (NAS) signaling across the N1 interface between UE 105 and AMF 215. In some other embodiments, WLAN 216 may be directly connected to components in 5G CN 240 (e.g., such as...). Figure 2 The AMF 215 (shown by the dashed line) does not pass through N3IWF 250. For example, a direct connection between WLAN 216 and 5GCN 240 can occur if WLAN 216 is a trusted WLAN to 5GCN 240, and a Trusted WLAN Interoperability (TWIF) function that can be used as an internal component of WLAN 216 can be employed. Figure 2 (Not shown in the image) to achieve this. Note that although in Figure 2 Only one WLAN 216 is shown, but some embodiments may include multiple WLANs 216.

[0046] The access node may include any of a variety of network entities that enable communication between UE 105 and AMF 215. This may include gNB 210, ng-eNB 214, WLAN 216, and / or other types of cellular base stations. However, the access node providing the functionality described herein may additionally or alternatively include entities that enable communication with… Figure 2The entity communicating with any of the various RATs (which may include non-cellular technologies) not described herein. Therefore, as used in the embodiments described below, the term "access node" may include, but is not limited to, gNB 210, ng-eNB 214, or WLAN 216.

[0047] In some embodiments, an access node (such as gNB 210, ng-eNB 214, or WLAN 216) (alone or in combination with other components of the 5G NR positioning system 200) may be configured to: in response to a request for location information received from LMF 220, obtain location measurements of uplink (UL) signals received from UE 105 and / or obtain DL location measurements obtained by UE 105 for downlink (DL) signals received by UE 105 from one or more access nodes. As mentioned, although Figure 2 The description depicts access nodes 210, 214, and 216 configured to communicate according to 5G NR, LTE, and Wi-Fi communication protocols, respectively. However, access nodes configured to communicate according to other communication protocols can be used, such as, for example, a B node using the Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) protocol for Universal Mobile Telecommunications Service (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN), an eNB using the LTE protocol for Evolved UTRAN (E-UTRAN), or a Bluetooth protocol for WLAN. Beacon. For example, in a 4G evolved packet system (EPS) providing LTE radio access to UE 105, the RAN may include an E-UTRAN, which may include base stations containing eNBs supporting LTE radio access. The core network for the EPS may include an evolved packet core (EPC). Thus, the EPS may include an E-UTRAN plus an EPC, wherein... Figure 2 In this context, E-UTRAN corresponds to NG-RAN 235 and EPC corresponds to 5GCN 240. The methods and techniques described herein for obtaining the municipal location of UE 105 are applicable to other networks of this type.

[0048] The gNB 210 and ng-eNB 214 can communicate with the AMF 215, while the AMF 215 communicates with the LMF 220 for positioning functionality. The AMF 215 supports the mobility of the UE 105, including cell changes and handovers from access nodes 210, 214, or 216 of the first RAT to access nodes 210, 214, or 216 of the second RAT. The AMF 215 can also participate in supporting signaling connections to the UE 105 and may support data and voice bearers for the UE 105. The LMF 220 supports the use of the CP positioning solution to locate UE 105 when it accesses NG-RAN 235 or WLAN 216, and supports various positioning procedures and methods, including UE-assisted / UE-based and / or network-based procedures / methods, such as A-GNSS, Observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA) (which may be referred to as Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) in NR), Real-Time Kinematics (RTK), Precise Point Positioning (PPP), Differential GNSS (DGNSS), Enhanced Cellular ID (ECID), Angle of Arrival (AoA), Angle of Departure (AoD), WLAN positioning, Round-Trip Propagation Delay (RTT), Multi-Cell RTT, and / or other positioning procedures and methods. The LMF 220 can also process location service requests for UE 105 received, for example, from AMF 215 or GMLC 225. The LMF 220 can be connected to AMF 215 and / or GMLC 225. In some embodiments, the network (such as 5GCN 240) may additionally or alternatively implement other types of location support modules, such as an evolved Serving Mobility Location Center (E-SMLC) or a SUPL Location Platform (SLP). It should be noted that in some embodiments, at least a portion of the location functionality (including determining the location of UE 105) may be performed at UE 105 (e.g., by measuring downlink PRS (DL-PRS) signals transmitted by radio nodes (such as gNB 210, ng-eNB 214, and / or WLAN 216) and / or using auxiliary data, for example, provided to UE 105 by LMF 220).

[0049] Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC) 225 can support location requests for UE 105 received from external client 230 and can forward such location requests to AMF 215 for forwarding to LMF 220. A location response from LMF 220 (e.g., containing a location estimate for UE 105) can similarly be returned to GMLC 225 directly or via AMF 215, and GMLC 225 can then return the location response (e.g., containing the location estimate) to external client 230.

[0050] Network Open Function (NEF) 245 can be included in 5GCN 240. NEF 245 can support the secure opening of capabilities and events related to 5GCN 240 and UE 105 to external client 230. These capabilities and events can therefore be referred to as Access Functions (AF) and enable the secure provisioning of information from external client 230 to 5GCN 240. NEF 245 can be connected to AMF 215 and / or GMLC 225 for the purpose of obtaining the location of UE 105 (e.g., municipal location) and providing that location to external client 230.

[0051] like Figure 2 As further explained, the LMF 220 can communicate with the gNB 210 and / or the ng-eNB 214 using NR Location Protocol Annex (NRPPa) as defined in 3GPP Technical Specification (TS) 38.445. NRPPa messages can be transmitted between the gNB 210 and LMF 220 and / or between the ng-eNB 215 and LMF 220 via the AMF 214. Figure 2 As further explained, LMF 220 and UE 105 can communicate using the LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP) as defined in 3GPP TS 37.355. Here, LPP messages can be passed between UE 105 and LMF 220 via AMF 215 and UE 105's serving gNB 210-1 or serving ng-eNB 214. For example, LPP messages can be passed between LMF 220 and AMF 215 using messages for service-based operations (e.g., based on Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)), and can be passed between AMF 215 and UE 105 using the 5G NAS protocol. The LPP protocol can be used to support positioning of UE 105 using UE-assisted and / or UE-based positioning methods (such as A-GNSS, RTK, TDOA, multi-cell RTT, AoD, and / or ECID). The NRPPa protocol can be used to support the location of UE 105 using network-based location methods such as ECID, AoA, and uplink TDOA (UL-TDOA) and / or can be used by LMF220 to obtain location-related information from gNB 210 and / or ng-eNB 214, such as defining parameters of DL-PRS transmissions from gNB 210 and / or ng-eNB 214.

[0052] In the case where UE 105 accesses WLAN 216, LMF 220 can use NRPPa and / or LPP to obtain the location of UE 105 in a manner similar to that described just for UE 105 accessing gNB 210 or ng-eNB 214. Thus, NRPPa messages can be transmitted between WLAN 215 and LMF 220 via AMF 216 and N3IWF 250 to support network-based location of UE 105 and / or to transmit other location information from WLAN 216 to LMF 220. Alternatively, NRPPa messages can be transmitted between N3IWF 250 and LMF 220 via AMF 215 to support network-based location of UE 105 based on location-related information and / or location measurements known or accessible to N3IWF 250 and transmitted from N3IWF 250 to LMF 220 using NRPPa. Similarly, LPP and / or LPP messages can be transmitted between UE105 and LMF 220 via AMF 215, N3IWF 250, and UE 105’s serving WLAN 216 to support UE-assisted or UE-based positioning of UE 105 by LMF 220.

[0053] In the 5G NR positioning system 200, the positioning method can be classified as "UE-assisted" or "UE-based." This depends on where the request to determine the location of UE 105 originates. For example, if the request originates from the UE (e.g., from an application or "app" executed by the UE), the positioning method can be classified as UE-based. On the other hand, if the request originates from an external client or other devices or services within the AF 230, LMF 220, or 5G network, the positioning method can be classified as UE-assisted (or "network-based").

[0054] Using a UE-assisted positioning method, UE 105 can obtain location measurements and send these measurements to a location server (e.g., LMF 220) for calculating a location estimate for UE 105. For RAT-dependent positioning methods, location measurements may include one or more of the following for one or more access points: Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), Round-Trip Time (RTT), Reference Received Power (RSRP), Reference Received Quality (RSRQ), Reference Time Difference (RSTD), Time of Arrival (TOA), AoA, Receive Time-Transmit Time Difference (Rx-Tx), Differential AoA (DAoA), AoD, or Timing Advance (TA). Additionally or alternatively, similar measurements may be performed on sidelink signals transmitted by other UEs, whose locations are known, and these other UEs may be used as anchor points for locating UE 105. Location measurements may additionally or alternatively include measurements for RAT-independent positioning methods, such as GNSS (e.g., GNSS pseudorange, GNSS code phase, and / or GNSS carrier phase with respect to GNSS satellite 110), WLAN, etc.

[0055] Using a UE-based positioning method, UE 105 can obtain a location measurement (e.g., which may be the same as or similar to the location measurement of a UE-assisted positioning method), and can further calculate the location of UE 105 (e.g., with the aid of auxiliary data received from a location server (such as LMF 220, SLP) or broadcast by gNB 210, ng-eNB 214 or WLAN 216).

[0056] Using a network-based positioning method, one or more base stations (e.g., gNB 210 and / or ng-eNB 214), one or more access points (e.g., APs in WLAN 216), or N3IWF 250 may obtain location measurements (e.g., RSSI, RTT, RSRP, RSRQ, AOA, or TOA) of signals transmitted by UE 105, and / or may receive measurements obtained by UE 105 or, in the case of N3IWF 250, by APs in WLAN 216, and may send these measurements to a location server (e.g., LMF 220) for calculating a location estimate for UE 105.

[0057] The positioning of UE 105 can also be classified as UL-based, DL-based, or DL-UL-based depending on the type of signal used for positioning. For example, if positioning is based solely on signals received by UE 105 (e.g., from a base station or other UE), the positioning can be classified as DL-based. On the other hand, if positioning is based solely on signals transmitted by UE 105 (which may be received by, for example, a base station or other UE), the positioning can be classified as UL-based. DL-UL-based positioning includes positioning based on signals transmitted and received by UE 105, such as RTT-based positioning. Side-link (SL)-assisted positioning includes signals communicated between UE 105 and one or more other UEs. According to some embodiments, the UL, DL, or DL-UL positioning described herein can enable SL signaling to be used as a supplement to or replacement of SL, DL, or DL-UL signaling.

[0058] Depending on the positioning type (e.g., UL-based, DL-based, or DL-UL-based), the type of reference signal used may differ. For example, for DL-based positioning, these signals may include PRS (e.g., DL-PRS transmitted by the base station or SL-PRS transmitted by other UEs), which can be used for TDOA, AoD, and RTT measurements. Other reference signals that can be used for positioning (UL, DL, or DL-UL) may include: Probe Reference Signal (SRS), Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), Synchronization Signal (e.g., Synchronization Block (SSS) Synchronization Signal (SS)), Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), Physical Side Link Shared Channel (PSSCH), Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), etc. Furthermore, reference signals may be transmitted in Tx beams and / or received in Rx beams (e.g., using beamforming techniques), which can affect angle measurements such as AoD and / or AoA.

[0059] As mentioned, systems (such as Figure 1 and 2 The systems described herein can employ the techniques for monostatic radar described in more detail below. As mentioned, conventional monostatic radar (e.g., utilizing frequency modulated continuous waveform (FMCW) radar) may require full-duplex operation, which can lead to self-interference (e.g., the transmitted signal interfering with the received signal) due to the length of the transmitted signal. Various embodiments address these and other problems by implementing variable or progressive signaling schemes that can be used in both half-duplex and full-duplex implementations, as described later in the section on... Figure 3-8 To describe in further detail.

[0060] Figure 3This is an illustration depicting an example of a progressive signal used in conjunction with a monostatic radar and a half-duplex device according to an embodiment. Figure 300 shows a temporal representation of the transmission and reception windows, and Figure 301 shows a corresponding spatial representation of the corresponding scanned range. The transmitted signal can be sent and received by a device with a monostatic radar (i.e., the transmitting and receiving antennas are the same antenna and / or located in the same place). A half-duplex device can send and receive signals, but the transmission and reception of the signals may not overlap. A full-duplex device can send and receive signals even with overlapping transmission and reception. The methods and figures provided herein can be generated using half-duplex or full-duplex devices, which may include... Figure 1 and 2 The wireless devices described in this paper include, for example, UE 105, base station 120, access point 130, gNB 210, ng-eNB 214, etc. The functionality of using a monostatic radar with progressively longer pulse lengths in a half-duplex device, discussed in this paper, can be viewed as a consumer-grade radar with advanced detection capabilities. In a half-duplex device, this functionality is achieved based on progressively longer pulses detecting objects within different ranges of the transmitting device, such that the transmission windows of these progressively longer pulses are discrete with the corresponding pulse and reflection reception windows. This means the antenna does not transmit and receive simultaneously, thus allowing such capabilities in a half-duplex device. In a full-duplex device, the same technique can be used, which improves the self-interference problem because the receiver processor does not attempt to detect targets outside the transmission range during transmission. Correspondingly, self-interference is reduced because previous transmissions (which are partly outside the transmission range of the current transmission due to the progressive length of the transmission) are not detected by the receiver processor. In some embodiments, millimeter-wave (mmWave) RF signals (e.g., 3GPP NR (also known as 5G) FR2 / FR2x / FR4) can be reused for this purpose. Example uses of this sensing technology include health monitoring (e.g., heart rate detection, respiratory rate monitoring, etc.), gesture recognition (e.g., human activity recognition, keystroke detection, sign language recognition, etc.), contextual information capture (e.g., location detection and tracking, direction finding, range estimation, etc.), and automotive radar (e.g., intelligent cruise control, collision avoidance, etc.), and more.

[0061] In traditional pulse radar systems, pulses are repeated, but their length is not progressive. Therefore, the detection range from the perspective of the transmitting device is static, and the maximum supported range is limited by the signal-to-noise ratio of a single transmitted signal. Furthermore, as mentioned earlier, a full-duplex system may be required for FMCW radar.

[0062] exist Figure 3 The functionality described in the text provides a solution to the shortcomings discussed above. Figure 3This is an illustration of one embodiment depicting three transmission and reception windows. In some embodiments, more or fewer than three transmission and reception windows may be used. Device 314 is configured to calculate a first transmission window 302, a first reception window 304, a second transmission window 306, a second reception window 308, a third transmission window 310, and a third reception window 312. Device 314 uses signals 350, 352, and 354 to detect objects 316, 318, 320, and 322, respectively. Objects 316, 318, 320, and 322 are at different distances from device 314. The first transmission window 302 (Tx window #0) and the first reception window 304 (Rx window #0) are configured to identify a first distance 336 (R) between device 314 and the target distance. max,0 Within, but not close to the minimum distance of 348 (R) min,0 The device transmits a first signal 350 during a first transmission window 302 and listens for reflections of the first signal 350 during a first reception window 304. According to some embodiments, a minimum distance 348 may be a design parameter of the device 314. Accordingly, objects within range 342 can be detected during the first reception window 304. Objects further away from the device may not be detected because the signal reflection may be too weak or may not return during the reception window.

[0063] The second transmission window 306 (Tx window #1) and the second reception window 308 (Rx window #1) are configured to identify the location at the second distance 338 (R). max,1 ) and the first distance 336 (R) max,0 The device transmits the second signal 352 during the second transmission window 306 and listens for the reflection of the second signal 352 during the second reception window 308. Accordingly, objects within the range 344 can be detected during the second reception window 308. The reflection of the second signal 352 of an object outside the second range 344 during the second transmission window 306 may not be detected because the signal will not be strong enough and / or may be received at least partially outside the second reception window 308.

[0064] The third transmission window 310 (Tx window #2) and the third reception window 312 (Rx window #2) are configured to indicate that they are at the maximum distance 340 (Rx window #2). max,2 ) and the second distance 338 (R) max,1The device transmits a third signal 354 during a third transmission window 310 and listens for reflections of the third signal 354 during a third reception window 312. Accordingly, objects within range 346 can be detected during the third reception window 312. Reflections of the third signal 354 from objects outside the third range 346 during the third transmission window 310 may not be detected because the signal may be too weak and / or at least partially received outside the third reception window 312.

[0065] In this example, reflections of objects are detected during the respective receiving windows. As shown during the first receiving window 304, a first reflection 324 of the first object 316 is detected, and a second reflection 326 of the second object 318 is detected. Although reflections of the third object 320 and the fourth object 322 may return, they will not return within the first receiving window 304. As shown during the second receiving window 308, a third reflection 328 of the second object 318 is detected, and a fourth reflection 330 of the third object 320 is detected. Therefore, the second object 318 is detected during both the first and second receiving windows 304 and 308. As shown during the third receiving window 312, a fifth reflection 332 of the third object 320 is detected, and a sixth reflection 334 of the fourth object 322 is detected. Therefore, the third object 320 is detected during both the second and third receiving windows 308 and 312.

[0066] Although three transmission windows are shown, any number of progressively longer transmission windows and corresponding reception windows can be used to identify objects based on signal reflections from them. The transmission and reception windows can be limited by a minimum distance 348 and a maximum distance 340. Accordingly, any number of transmission windows can be determined to cover the range between the minimum distance 348 and the maximum distance 340. Progressive signals (e.g., first signal 350, second signal 352, and third signal 354) can be repeatedly transmitted. For example, once the transmission and reception patterns in the first, second, and third transmission and reception windows are completed, the transmission and reception patterns can be repeated any number of times to continuously monitor the area around the device.

[0067] Figure 4 This is an explanation depicting an example of a progressive signal used for combining a monostatic radar with a half-duplex device. The first signal 405 can correspond to... Figure 3 The first signal 350. The first signal 405 has a duration T. p，0 Furthermore, the effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) is EIRP0. EIRP0 can be based on the power P of the transmitting antenna. Tx，0 Multiply by the gain G of the transmitting antenna Tx，0 To determine this. The duration of the first signal 405 can be based on the minimum range R of the detected object.min，req (It can be determined by the design parameters of the transmitting antenna), as indicated by the following formula:

[0068]

[0069] First pulse interval T PRI，0 The maximum range of signal-to-noise ratios (R) that can be used based on the first signal 405 is (R max，SNR Add the first duration T p，0 To calculate, as indicated by the following formula:

[0070] T PRI，0 =R max，SNR (P TX，0 G TX，0 T P，0 )+T P，0 (2)

[0071] First pulse interval T PRI，0 During this period, the first signal 405 can be transmitted, during which the antenna cannot receive signals and can only transmit. At the end of the first signal 405, and for the first pulse interval T... PRI，0 The remainder of the antenna can receive signals from the minimum range R of the detected object. min，req The maximum range of signal-to-noise ratio (R) based on the first signal 405 max，SNR The first range between ) (e.g., as about Figure 3 The reflection of the first signal 405 of the object within the described range (342).

[0072] According to this example, immediately following the first pulse interval T PRI，0 Then, the second pulse interval T PRI，1 The transmission begins with the second signal 410. The second signal 410 may correspond to... Figure 3 The second signal 352. The second signal 410 has a duration T. p，1 Furthermore, EIRP is EIRP1. EIRP1 can be based on the power P of the transmitting antenna. Tx，1 Multiply by the gain T of the transmitting antenna during the transmission of the second signal 410. x，1 The duration of the second signal 410 can be determined based on the maximum range R of the signal-to-noise ratio of the first signal 405. max，SNR To determine as follows:

[0073] T P，1 =R max，SNR (P TX，0 G TX，0 T P，0 (3)

[0074] In other words, the second signal 410 can be determined based on the range corresponding to the long distance covered by the first signal 405. The second pulse interval T PRI，1 The maximum range of the signal-to-noise ratio based on the second signal 410 can be used to calculate as follows:

[0075] T PRI，1 =R max，SNR (P TX，1 G TX，1 T P，1 )+T P，1 (4)

[0076] Second pulse interval T PRI，1 During this period, the second signal 410 can be transmitted, during which the antenna cannot receive signals and can only transmit. At the end of the second signal 410, for the second pulse interval T... PRI，1 The remainder of the antenna can receive signals from the maximum range (R0) of the signal-to-noise ratio based on the first signal 405. max，SNR ) and the maximum range of signal-to-noise ratio (R) based on the second signal 410 max，SNR The second range between ) (e.g., as about Figure 3 The reflection of the second signal 410 of the object within the described range (344).

[0077] Figure 4 The example shown depicts three signals, but any number of signals can be used. Immediately following the second pulse interval T... PRI,1 Then, the third pulse interval T PRI,2 The transmission of the third signal 415 can begin. The third signal 415 can correspond to... Figure 3 The third signal 354. The third signal 415 has a duration T. p,2 Furthermore, EIRP is EIRP2. EIRP2 can be based on the power P of the transmitting antenna. Tx,2 Multiply by the gain of the transmitting antenna during the transmission of the third signal 415. Tx,2 The duration of the third signal 415 can be determined based on the maximum range R of the signal-to-noise ratio of the second signal 410. max,SNR To determine as follows:

[0078] T P，1 =R max，SNR (P TX，0 G TX，0 T P，0 (5)

[0079] In other words, the third signal 415 can be determined based on the range corresponding to the long distance covered by the second signal 410. The third pulse interval T PRI,2 The maximum range of signal-to-noise ratios usable based on the third signal 415 can be calculated using the following formula:

[0080] T PRI，2 =R max，SNR (P TX，2 G TX，2 T P，2 )+T P，2 (6)

[0081] During the third pulse interval T PRI,2 During this period, the third signal 415 can be transmitted, during which the antenna cannot receive signals and can only transmit. At the end of the third signal 415, for the third pulse interval T... PRI,2 The remainder of the antenna can receive signals from the maximum range (R0) of the signal-to-noise ratio based on the second signal 410. max,SNR ) and the maximum range of signal-to-noise ratio (R) based on the third signal 415 max,SNR The third range between (e.g., as about) Figure 3 The reflection of the third signal 415 of the object within the described range (346).

[0082] In some embodiments, the first, second, and third signals may be repeatedly transmitted as described above (e.g., repeatedly in...). Figure 4 As shown in the diagram and in the mode described above, the area around the device is continuously monitored with radar.

[0083] Figure 5 This is an explanation depicting an example of a progressive signal used for co-using a monostatic radar with a half-duplex device, according to an embodiment. Similar to... Figure 3 Figure 500 shows the time representation of the transmission and reception windows, and Figure 501 shows the corresponding spatial representation of the scanned range. Figure 5 The labeling of the variables reflects previous information about... Figure 3 and 4 The markings described. In this explanation, transmission diagram 502 shows transmission signals 530, 532, and 534, and reception diagrams 504, 506, 508, and 510 show the reflections of the transmission signals caused by objects 514, 516, 518, and 520, respectively. Referring to transmission diagram 502, the first transmission signal 530 may correspond to... Figure 4 The first signal 405 and / or Figure 3 The first signal 350. The second signal 532 can correspond to... Figure 4 The second signal 410 and / or Figure 3 The second signal 352. The third signal 534 can correspond to the second signal 352. Figure 4 The third signal 415 and / or Figure 3The third signal 354. In this example, the signal is transmitted by device 512. A first signal 530 is sent to detect an object between the minimum range 522 and the maximum range 524 of the first signal 530. A second signal 532 is sent to detect an object between the maximum range 524 of the first signal 530 and the maximum range 526 of the second signal 532. A third signal 534 is sent to detect an object between the maximum range 526 of the second signal 532 and the maximum range 528 of the third signal 534. A first object 514 can be detected based on the first signal 530. A second object 516 can be detected based on the first signal 530 and the second signal 532 because it is very close to the maximum range 524 of the first signal 530. A third object 518 can be detected based on both the second signal 532 and the third signal 534 because it is very close to the maximum range 526 of the second signal 532. A fourth object 520 can be detected based on the third signal 534.

[0084] Receiver diagram 504 depicts signal reflection based on a first object 514. The reflected signal 536 is received based on the transmission of a first signal 530 reflected away from object 514. The reflected signal 536 is received during a first reception window, after the transmission of the first signal 530 and before the transmission of the second signal 532. Accordingly, device 512 receives the reflected signal 536 and can detect the first object 514. Based on the arrival time of the reflected signal 536 and the transmission time of the first signal 530 (in... Figure 5The location of device 512 or the distance to device 512 can be calculated, denoted as τ1. The second reflected signal 538 of the first object 514 is a reflection of the second signal 532 from the first object 514. The second reflected signal 538 may arrive at least partially during the transmission of the second signal 532. In some embodiments, the second reflected signal 538 may be discarded because the entire reflected signal 538 is not received during the reception window for the second signal 532. In some embodiments, the receiver processor may detect the second reflected signal 538, and because the second reflected signal 538 is received at least partially during the transmission window for the second signal 532 and therefore may have self-interference, the receiver processor may deweight the second reflected signal 538, or in some embodiments, may attempt to filter out some or all of the self-interference. In some embodiments, the second reflected signal 538 may have a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio to process the second reflected signal 538. In some embodiments, the second reflected signal 538 can be evaluated using a threshold check to determine whether the signal-to-noise ratio of the second reflected signal 538 exceeds a threshold, and based on this check, the receiver processor can weight, filter, discard, or process the second reflected signal 538. The third reflected signal 540 of the first object 514 is a reflection of the third signal 534 from the first object 514. Because the third reflected signal 540 arrives partially during the transmission of the third signal 534, the receiver processor can detect the third reflected signal 540 and deweight, filter, process, or discard the third reflected signal 540 as described with respect to the second reflected signal 538.

[0085] Receiver diagram 506 depicts signal reflection based on the second object 516. The reflected signal 542 is received based on the transmission of the first signal 530 reflected away from the object 516. The reflected signal 542 is received during a first reception window, after the transmission of the first signal 530 and before the transmission of the second signal 532. Accordingly, device 512 receives the reflected signal 542 and can detect the second object 516. Based on the arrival time of the reflected signal 542 and the transmission time of the first signal 530 (in... Figure 5The location of device 512 or its distance from device 512 can be calculated for the second object 516 (denoted as τ2). The second reflected signal 544 of the first object 516 is a reflection of the second signal 532 from the second object 516. The second object 516 is detected based on the second signal 532 because the second reflected signal 544 arrives during the second reception window after the transmission of the second signal 532 and before the transmission of the third signal 534 (during which the antenna of device 512 only receives signals). The third reflected signal 546 of the second object 516 is a reflection of the third signal 534 from the second object 516. The third reflected signal 546 may arrive at least partially during the transmission of the third signal 534. In some embodiments, the third reflected signal 546 may be discarded because the entire reflected signal 546 is not received during the reception window for the third signal 534. In some embodiments, the receiver processor may detect the third reflected signal 546, and because the third reflected signal 546 is received at least partially during the transmission window for the third signal 534 and therefore may have self-interference, the receiver processor may deweight the third reflected signal 546, or in some embodiments, may attempt to filter out some or all of the self-interference. In some embodiments, the third reflected signal 546 may have a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to process the third reflected signal 546. In some embodiments, the third reflected signal 546 may be evaluated using a threshold check to determine whether the SNR of the third reflected signal 546 exceeds a threshold, and based on this check, the receiver processor may weight, filter, discard, or process the third reflected signal 546.

[0086] Received diagram 508 depicts signal reflection based on a third object 518. A reflected signal 548 (which requires a time length τ3 after transmission to reflect back to the antenna) is received based on the transmission of a first signal 530 reflected from the third object 518. The reflected signal 548 is received during a second receive window after the transmission of the second signal 532 and before the transmission of the third signal 534. However, the received signal-to-noise ratio of this signal within this receive window may be too low to detect the third object 518 based on the first signal 530. A second reflected signal 550 of the third object 518 is a reflection of the second signal 532 from the third object 518. Because this second reflected signal 550 arrives during the second receive window after the transmission of the second signal 532 and before the transmission of the third signal 534 (during which time the antenna of device 512 only receives), the second object 518 is detected based on the second signal 532. A third reflected signal 552 of the third object 518 is a reflection of the third signal 534 from the third object 518. The third reflected signal 552 arrives during the third receiving window after the transmission of the third signal 534 and before the transmission of any other signal, and accordingly, the third object 518 is detected based on the third signal 534.

[0087] Received diagram 510 depicts signal reflections based on a fourth object 520. The reflected signal 554 is received based on the transmission of the first signal 530 reflected away from the fourth object 520 (which requires a time length τ4 after transmission to reflect back to the antenna). The reflected signal 554 is received during the transmission of the third signal 534 when the antenna of device 512 is only transmitting and not receiving; therefore, the reflected signal 554 may not be received, or if it is received, the signal-to-noise ratio may be too low to detect the fourth object 520 based on the first signal 530. The second reflected signal 556 of the fourth object 520 is a reflection of the second signal 532 from the fourth object 520. Because the second reflected signal 556 arrives at least partially during the transmission of the third signal 534 and / or because the signal-to-noise ratio of the second reflected signal 556 may be too low, the fourth object 520 may not be detectable based on the second signal 532. The third reflected signal 558 of the fourth object 520 is a reflection of the third signal 534 from the fourth object 520. The third reflected signal 558 arrives during the third receiving window after the transmission of the third signal 534 and before the transmission of any other signal, and accordingly, the fourth object 520 is detected based on the third signal 534.

[0088] Figure 6 This is an explanation illustrating an example of a progressive signal used to combine a monostatic radar with a half-duplex device. Figure 6 Transmission diagram 502 and reception diagrams 504, 506, 508, and 510 are explained during the transmission of the first signal 530 and the first reception window 605. As shown, the transmission of the first signal 530 detects objects within range 610 of the device 512. Based on the transmission of the first signal 530, the first object 514 is detected based on the reflected signal 536, and the second object 516 is detected based on the reflected signal 542. The third object 518 is not detected based on the first signal 530 because the reflected signal 548 is received outside the first reception window 605 and is too weak to be detected. Similarly, the fourth object 520 is not detected based on the first signal 530 because the reflected signal 554 is received outside the first reception window 605 and is too weak to be detected.

[0089] Figure 7 This is an explanation illustrating an example of a progressive signal used to combine a monostatic radar with a half-duplex device. Figure 7The diagrams 502 (highlighting the transmission of the second signal 532) and 504, 506, 508, and 510 (highlighting the second receiving window 705) illustrate the transmission. As shown, the transmission of the second signal 532 detects objects within range 710 of the device 512. Based on the transmission of the second signal 532, the first object 514 is not detected based on the reflected signal 538 because the reflected signal 538 does not completely overlap with the receiving window 705. The second object 516 is detected based on the reflected signal 544, and the third object 518 is detected based on the reflected signal 550. The fourth object 520 is not detected based on the first signal 530 because the reflected signal 556 is received outside the second receiving window 705 and is too weak to be detected.

[0090] Figure 8 This is an explanation illustrating an example of a progressive signal used to combine a monostatic radar with a half-duplex device. Figure 8 The diagrams highlight the transmission of the third signal 534 and the transmission diagrams 502 and 504, 506, 508, and 510 of the third receiving window 805. As shown, the transmission of the third signal 534 detects objects within range 810 of the device 512. Based on the transmission of the third signal 534, a first object 514 may not be detected based on the reflected signal 540 because the reflected signal 540 does not completely overlap with the receiving window 805. In some embodiments, the reflected signal 540 may be discarded, deweighted, processed, or filtered. A second object 516 may not be detected based on the reflected signal 546 because the reflected signal 546 does not completely overlap with the receiving window 805. In some embodiments, the reflected signal 546 may be discarded, deweighted, processed, or filtered. A third object 518 is detected based on the reflected signal 552 because the reflected signal 552 is completely received within the third receiving window 805; and a fourth object 520 is detected based on the third signal 534 because the reflected signal 558 is received within the third receiving window 805.

[0091] Figure 9 This is a flowchart of a radar detection method 900 for an object according to an embodiment. (For execution) Figure 9 The functional devices described in the box shown in the figure can be derived from, as previously referenced Figure 1-8 The described wireless device (such as a UE, base station, and / or any other suitable computing device including a radar antenna) uses hardware and / or software components to perform this function. Example components of the UE and / or base station are described in more detail below. Figure 10 , 11 Explanation in 12 and / or 12.

[0092] In box 910, this functionality includes transmitting a first signal during a first duration. For example, a first signal 530 may be transmitted, as shown in reference... Figure 5 As described previously, the first signal power and duration (e.g., time window) can be calculated based on the minimum distance range within which the device might be unable to detect an object due to its proximity to the device. The outer distance range (or i.e., the maximum distance) can be calculated based on the maximum signal-to-noise ratio of the transmitted signal, such that an object outside the minimum distance and within the outer distance of the first signal can be detected based on its reflection of the first signal, as described in... Figure 3-8 The example shown is described in the diagram. The means for performing the functionality at block 910 may include an antenna (such as...). Figure 10 Antenna 1092, Figure 11 Antenna 1192, or Figure 12 Antenna 1292) and radar interface and / or transmit and / or receive processor, such as Figure 10 Radar interface 1090, Figure 11 Radar interface 1190, Figure 12 Radar interface 1290, and / or such as Figure 10 , 11 And / or other components of the UE, computer system, and / or base station as explained in section 12. Calculations for signal transmission can be performed by one or more processors based on instructions stored in the device's memory, such as... Figure 10 , 11 As described in 12.

[0093] In block 920, this functionality includes receiving a first reflection of the first signal from the first object during a second duration following the first duration. For example, the device may receive a reflected signal 536 based on the reflection of the first signal 530 from the first object 514, as referenced. Figure 5 As described. Furthermore, for example, the second duration could be a receiving window 605, as referred to... Figure 6 As described. The means for performing the functionality at block 910 may include an antenna (such as...) Figure 10 Antenna 1092, Figure 11 Antenna 1192, or Figure 12 Antenna 1292) and radar interface and / or transmit and / or receive processor, such as Figure 10 Radar interface 1090, Figure 11 Radar interface 1190, Figure 12 Radar interface 1290, and / or such as Figure 10 , 11 And / or other components of the UE, computer system and / or base station as described in 12.

[0094] In box 930, this functionality includes transmitting a second signal during a third duration, wherein the third duration is longer than the first duration and follows the second duration. For example, a second signal 532 may be transmitted, as shown in reference 532. Figure 5 As described. The power and duration of the second signal are calculated based on the maximum range of the first signal and the maximum range of the second signal. The power of the second signal may be greater than the power of the first signal to ensure that the reflected signal is sufficiently strong based on the longer distance traveled to be detected during the second reception window. The duration of the second signal is longer than the duration of the first signal to ensure the distinction between the reflections of the first and second signals. Means for performing the functionality at block 910 may include an antenna (such as...) Figure 10 Antenna 1092, Figure 11 Antenna 1192, or Figure 12 Antenna 1292) and radar interface and / or transmit and / or receive processor, such as Figure 10 Radar interface 1090, Figure 11 Radar interface 1190, Figure 12 Radar interface 1290, and / or such as Figure 10 , 11 And / or other components of the UE, computer system, and / or base station as explained in section 12. Calculations for signal transmission can be performed by one or more processors based on instructions stored in the device's memory, such as... Figure 10 , 11 As described in 12.

[0095] In box 940, the functionality includes receiving a second reflection of the second signal from the second object during a fourth duration following the third duration. For example, the device may receive a reflected signal 544 based on the reflection of the second signal 532 from the second object 516, as referenced. Figure 5 As described. Furthermore, for example, the fourth duration could be the receiving window 705, as referenced. Figure 7 As described herein, the first, second, third, and fourth durations may include successive durations, with one duration immediately following another. Means for performing the functionality at block 910 may include an antenna (such as...) Figure 10 Antenna 1092, Figure 11 Antenna 1192, or Figure 12 Antenna 1292) and radar interface and / or transmit and / or receive processor, such as Figure 10 Radar interface 1090, Figure 11 Radar interface 1190, Figure 12 Radar interface 1290, and / or such as Figure 10 , 11 And / or other components of the UE, computer system and / or base station as described in 12.

[0096] At block 950, the functionality includes determining the positioning of a first object and a second object based on a first reflection and a second reflection. Specifically, the arrival time of the reflected signal can be used to calculate the distance between the device transmitting the signal and the object from which the signal is reflected. The means for performing the functionality at block 910 may include one or more processors based on instructions stored in the device's memory, such as... Figure 10 , 11 As described in 12. As previously mentioned, the number of transmission and reception windows used to identify objects within a distance range from the transmitting device can be two or more, and can be limited only by the signal-to-noise ratio characteristics of the reflected signal (due to the strength of the transmission signal and the distance the signal travels).

[0097] Depending on the desired functionality, the method may include one or more additional features, as previously referenced. Figure 3-8 The detailed embodiments are described. For example, according to some embodiments, a first object is within a first distance of the device while a second object is between the first and second distances of the device, the second distance being greater than the first distance. According to some embodiments, a first duration may be determined based on the minimum distance between a detectable object and the device. Additionally or alternatively, a third duration may be determined at least in part based on the first duration, the power of the device's transmitting antenna, and / or the gain of the transmitting antenna during the transmission of the second signal (e.g., using Equation (3)). In some instances, a third reflection of the second signal from the second object may not be detectable. According to some embodiments, the first signal comprises a phase-modulated continuous waveform. Additionally or alternatively, the device may include a full-duplex device or a half-duplex device. Additionally or alternatively, the device may include a monostatic radar.

[0098] Figure 10 An embodiment of UE 105 has been explained, which can be implemented as described above (e.g., with...). Figure 3-9 (Associatedly) described. For example, UE 105 can perform Figure 9 The method shown herein has one or more functions. It should be noted that... Figure 10 This is intended only to provide a general explanation of the various components, which may be appropriately utilized by any or all of them. Note that in some instances, [the components are...]. Figure 10 The components described can be localized to a single physical device and / or distributed among various networked devices that can be located in different physical locations. Furthermore, as previously mentioned, the functionality of the UE discussed in the previously described embodiments can be provided by… Figure 10 To perform the operation, one or more of the hardware and / or software components shown are used.

[0099] UE 105 is shown as including hardware elements electrically coupled (or otherwise communicable) via bus 1005. The hardware elements may include processing units 1010, which may include, but are not limited to, one or more general-purpose processors, one or more special-purpose processors (such as DSP chips, graphics accelerator processors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc.), and / or other processing structures or devices. Figure 10 As shown, some embodiments may have a separate DSP 1020 depending on the desired functionality. Location determination and / or other determinations based on wireless communication may be provided in the processing unit 1010 and / or the wireless communication interface 1030 (discussed below). The UE 105 may also include one or more input devices 1070 and one or more output devices 1015, the input devices 1070 including, but not limited to, one or more keyboards, touchscreens, touchpads, microphones, buttons, dial pads, switches, etc.; the output devices 1015 including, but not limited to, one or more displays (e.g., touchscreens), light-emitting diodes (LEDs), speakers, etc.

[0100] UE 105 may also include a wireless communication interface 730, which may include, but is not limited to, a modem, a network card, an infrared communication device, a wireless communication device, and / or a chipset (such as... Devices, such as IEEE 802.11 devices, IEEE 802.15.4 devices, Wi-Fi devices, WiMAX devices, WAN devices, and / or various cellular devices, etc., enable the UE 105 to communicate with other devices as described in the above embodiments. The wireless communication interface 1030 may permit the communication (e.g., transmission and reception) of data and signaling with a network (e.g., via an eNB, gNB, ng-eNB, access point, various base stations, and / or other access node types, TRP and / or other network components, computer systems, and / or any other electronic device described herein). Communication may be performed via one or more wireless communication antennas 1034 that transmit and / or receive wireless signals 1032. According to some embodiments, the wireless communication antennas 1032 may include a plurality of discrete antennas, an antenna array, or any combination thereof.

[0101] Depending on the desired functionality, the wireless communication interface 1030 may include separate receivers and transmitters, or any combination of transceivers, transmitters, and / or receivers, to communicate with base stations (e.g., ng-eNBs and gNBs) and other terrestrial transceivers (such as wireless devices and access points). The UE 105 can communicate with various data networks, which may include a variety of network types. For example, a wireless wide area network (WWAN) may be a CDMA network, a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) network, a Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) network, an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) network, a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) network, a WiMAX (IEEE 802.16) network, and so on. A CDMA network may implement one or more RATs, such as CDMA2000, WCDMA, etc. CDMA2000 includes IS-95, IS-2000, and / or IS-856 standards. A TDMA network may implement GSM, Digital Advanced Mobile Phone Systems (D-AMPS), or some other RAT. OFDMA networks can utilize LTE, LTE-Advanced, 5G NR, and more. 5G NR, LTE, LTE-Advanced, GSM, and WCDMA are described in documents from 3GPP. Cdma2000 is described in documents from an organization called "3rd Generation Partnership Project X3" (3GPP2). 3GPP and 3GPP2 documents are publicly available. Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) can also be IEEE 802.11x networks, while Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) can be Bluetooth networks, IEEE 802.15x, or some other type of network. The technologies described herein can also be used in any combination of WWANs, WLANs, and / or WPANs.

[0102] UE 105 may further include sensors 1040. Sensors 1040 may include, but are not limited to, one or more inertial sensors and / or other sensors (e.g., accelerometers, gyroscopes, cameras, magnetometers, altimeters, microphones, proximity sensors, light sensors, barometers, etc.), some of which may be used to obtain measurements and / or other information related to positioning.

[0103] Embodiments of UE 105 may also include a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver 1080, which is capable of receiving signals 1082 from one or more GNSS satellites using an antenna 1084 (which may be the same as antenna 1032). Positioning based on GNSS signal measurements may be used to supplement and / or incorporate the techniques described herein. The GNSS receiver 1080 may use conventional techniques to extract the positioning of UE 105 from GNSS SV 190 of GNSS systems such as Global Positioning System (GPS), Galileo, GLONASS, Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) over Japan, Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) over India, BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) over China, etc. In addition, the GNSS receiver 1080 can be used with various augmentation systems (e.g., satellite-based augmentation systems (SBAS)) that can be associated with or otherwise enabled to be used with one or more global and / or regional navigation satellite systems, such as WAAS, EGNOS, multi-functional satellite augmentation system (MSAS), and geographic augmentation navigation system (GAGAN).

[0104] Various embodiments of UE 105 may also include a radar interface 1090. The radar interface 1090 may be a transceiver and may include signal transmission and signal reception processors. The radar interface 1090 may operate as a full-duplex system in some embodiments, or as a half-duplex system in others. The radar interface 1090 may be able to transmit and receive signals 1094 using an antenna 1092. In some embodiments, the antenna 1092 may be a monostatic antenna. Object location and tracking based on radar measurements can be utilized based on the techniques described herein. As mentioned, the techniques for performing radar detection as described herein can be implemented using millimeter wave and / or other communication technologies. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the radar interface 1090 may be integrated into and / or implemented by the wireless communication interface 1030.

[0105] UE 105 may further include memory 1060 and / or be in communication with memory 1360. Memory 1060 may include, but is not limited to, local and / or network-accessible storage, disk drives, drive arrays, optical storage devices, solid-state storage devices (such as random access memory (RAM) and / or read-only memory (ROM)), which may be programmable, flash-updatable, etc. Such storage devices may be configured to implement any suitable data storage, including but not limited to various file systems, database structures, etc.

[0106] The memory 1060 of UE 105 may also include software elements ( Figure 10(Not shown in the text), these software elements include operating systems, device drivers, executable libraries, and / or other code (such as one or more applications). These software elements may include computer programs provided by various embodiments, and / or may be designed to implement methods provided by other embodiments, and / or configure systems provided by other embodiments, as described herein. By way of example only, one or more procedures described with respect to the methods discussed above may be implemented as code and / or instructions in memory 1060 executable by UE 105 (and / or processing units 1010 or DSP 1020 within UE 105). In one aspect, such code and / or instructions may then be used to configure and / or adapt a general-purpose computer (or other device) to perform one or more operations according to the described methods.

[0107] Figure 11 An embodiment of base station 120 has been explained, which can be implemented as described above (e.g., with...). Figure 3-9 The description is used in a related manner. It should be noted that... Figure 11 This is intended only to provide a general explanation of the various components, and any or all of these components may be used appropriately. In some embodiments, base station 120 may correspond to gNB, ng-eNB, and / or (more generally) TRP.

[0108] Base station 120 is shown to include hardware elements that can be electrically coupled (or otherwise communicated) via bus 1105. The hardware elements may include processing units 1110, which may include, but are not limited to, one or more general-purpose processors, one or more special-purpose processors (such as DSP chips, graphics accelerator processors, ASICs, etc.), and / or other processing structures or devices. Figure 11 As shown, some embodiments may have a separate DSP 1120 depending on the desired functionality. According to some embodiments, location determination and / or other determinations based on wireless communication may be provided in the processing unit 1110 and / or the wireless communication interface 1130 (discussed below). The base station 120 may also include one or more input devices and one or more output devices, the input devices including, but not limited to, a keyboard, display, mouse, microphone, buttons, dial pad, switch, etc.; the output devices including, but not limited to, a display, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), speakers, etc.

[0109] Base station 120 may also include wireless communication interface 1130, which may include, but is not limited to, modems, network cards, infrared communication devices, wireless communication devices and / or chipsets (such as... Devices such as IEEE 802.11 devices, IEEE 802.15.4 devices, Wi-Fi devices, WiMAX devices, cellular communication facilities, etc., enable base station 120 to communicate as described herein. Wireless communication interface 1130 may permit the communication (e.g., transmission and reception) of data and signaling to UEs, other base stations / TRPs (e.g., eNB, gNB, and ng-eNB), and / or other network components, computer systems, and / or any other electronic devices described herein. Communication may be performed via one or more wireless communication antennas 1134 that transmit and / or receive wireless signals 1132.

[0110] Base station 120 may also include network interface 1180, which may include support for wired communication technologies. Network interface 1180 may include a modem, network interface card, chipset, etc. Network interface 1180 may include one or more input and / or output communication interfaces to allow data exchange with networks, communication network servers, computer systems, and / or any other electronic devices described herein.

[0111] Various embodiments of base station 120 may also include a radar interface 1190. The radar interface 1190 may be a transceiver and may include signal transmission and signal reception processors. The radar interface 1190 may operate as a full-duplex system in some embodiments, or as a half-duplex system in others. The radar interface 1190 may be able to transmit and receive signals 1194 using antenna 1192. In some embodiments, antenna 1192 may be a monostatic antenna. Object location and tracking based on radar measurements can be utilized based on the techniques described herein. Similarly, the techniques for performing radar detection as described herein can be implemented using millimeter wave and / or other communication technologies. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the radar interface 1190 may be integrated into and / or implemented by the wireless communication interface 1130.

[0112] In many embodiments, base station 120 may further include memory 1160. Memory 1160 may include, but is not limited to, local and / or network-accessible storage, disk drives, drive arrays, optical storage devices, solid-state storage devices (such as RAM and / or ROM), which may be programmable, flash-updatable, etc. Such storage devices may be configured to implement any suitable data storage, including but not limited to various file systems, database structures, etc.

[0113] The memory 1160 of base station 120 may also include software elements ( Figure 11(Not shown in the text), these software elements include operating systems, device drivers, executable libraries, and / or other code (such as one or more applications). These software elements may include computer programs provided by various embodiments, and / or may be designed to implement methods provided by other embodiments, and / or configure systems provided by other embodiments, as described herein. By way of example only, one or more procedures described with respect to the methods discussed above may be implemented as code and / or instructions in memory 1160 that can be executed by base station 120 (and / or processing units 1110 or DSP 1120 within base station 120). In one aspect, such code and / or instructions may then be used to configure and / or adapt a general-purpose computer (or other device) to perform one or more operations according to the described methods.

[0114] Figure 12 This is a block diagram of an embodiment of computer system 1200, which can be used, in whole or in part, to provide one or more network components as described in the embodiments herein (e.g., Figure 3-9 The location server (160) has this function. It should be noted that... Figure 12 This is merely intended to provide a general explanation of the various components, which can be appropriately utilized by any or all of them. Therefore, Figure 12 It broadly explains how individual system components can be implemented in a relatively separate or relatively more integrated manner. Additionally, it can be noted that... Figure 12 The components described can be localized into individual devices and / or distributed among various networked devices that can be deployed in different geographical locations.

[0115] Computer system 1200 is shown to include hardware elements electrically coupled (or otherwise communicative) via bus 1205. The hardware elements may include processing units 1210, which may include, but are not limited to, one or more general-purpose processors, one or more special-purpose processors (such as digital signal processing chips, graphics accelerator processors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc.), and / or other processing structures or means configured to perform one or more methods described herein. Computer system 1200 may also include: one or more input devices 1215, which may include, but are not limited to, a mouse, keyboard, camera, microphone, etc.; and one or more output devices 1220, which may include, but are not limited to, display devices, printers, etc.

[0116] Computer system 1200 may further include one or more non-transient storage devices 1225 (and / or in communication with said one or more non-transient storage devices 1525), which may include, but are not limited to, local and / or network-accessible storage, and / or may include, but are not limited to, disk drives, drive arrays, optical storage devices, solid-state storage devices (such as RAM and / or ROM), which may be programmable, flash-updatable, etc. Such storage devices may be configured to implement any suitable data storage, including but not limited to various file systems, database structures, etc. Such data storage may include databases and / or other data structures for storing and managing messages and / or other information to be transmitted via a central hub to one or more devices, as described herein.

[0117] Computer system 1200 may also include a communication subsystem 1230, which may include wireless communication technologies managed and controlled by wireless communication interface 1233, as well as wired technologies (such as Ethernet, coaxial communication, Universal Serial Bus (USB), etc.). Wireless communication interface 1233 may transmit and receive wireless signals 1250 (e.g., signals according to 5G NR or LTE) via wireless antennas 1255. Thus, communication subsystem 1230 may include modems, network interface cards (wireless or wired), infrared communication devices, wireless communication devices, and / or chipsets, etc., which enable computer system 1200 to communicate with any device (including user equipment (UE), base station and / or other TRP, and / or any other electronic device described herein) on any or all of the communication networks described herein. Therefore, communication subsystem 1230 can be used to receive and transmit data as described in the embodiments herein.

[0118] Various embodiments of computer system 1200 may also include a radar interface 1290. Radar interface 1290 may be a transceiver and may include transmit and receive processors. Radar interface 1290 may operate as a full-duplex system in some embodiments or as a half-duplex system in others. Radar interface 1290 may be able to transmit and receive signals 1294 using antenna 1292. In some embodiments, antenna 1292 may be a monostatic antenna. Object location and tracking based on radar measurements can be used in conjunction with the techniques described herein. Similarly, the techniques for performing radar detection as described herein can be performed using millimeter-wave and / or other communication technologies. Accordingly, in some embodiments, radar interface 1290 may be integrated into and / or implemented by wireless communication interface 1233.

[0119] In many embodiments, the computer system 1200 will further include working memory 1235, which may include RAM or ROM devices as described above. Software elements shown to reside within working memory 1235 may include operating system 1240, device drivers, executable libraries, and / or other code (such as one or more applications 1245), which may include computer programs provided by various embodiments and / or may be designed to implement methods provided by other embodiments and / or configure systems provided by other embodiments, as described herein. By way of example only, one or more procedures described with respect to the methods discussed above may be implemented as code and / or instructions executable by a computer (and / or processing units within a computer); in one respect, such code and / or instructions may then be used to configure and / or adapt a general-purpose computer (or other device) to perform one or more operations according to the described methods.

[0120] These sets of instructions and / or code may be stored on non-transient computer-readable storage media (such as storage devices 1225 described above). In some cases, the storage media may be incorporated into a computer system (such as computer system 1200). In other embodiments, the storage media may be separate from the computer system (e.g., a removable medium, such as an optical disc), and / or may be provided in an installation package so that the storage media can be used to program, configure, and / or adapt a general-purpose computer storing the instructions / code. These instructions may take the form of executable code (which can be executed by computer system 1200) and / or may take the form of source code and / or installable code, which take the form of executable code when compiled and / or installed on computer system 1200 (e.g., using various general-purpose compilers, installers, compression / decompression utilities, etc.).

[0121] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that substantial modifications can be made to suit specific requirements. For example, custom hardware may be used, and / or specific elements may be implemented in hardware, software (including portable software such as applets), or both. Furthermore, connectivity to other computing devices (such as network input / output devices) may be employed.

[0122] Referring to the accompanying drawings, components that may include memory may include non-transient machine-readable media. As used herein, the terms "machine-readable media" and "computer-readable media" refer to any storage medium that participates in providing data that enables a machine to operate in a particular manner. In the embodiments provided above, various machine-readable media may be involved in providing instructions / code to processing units and / or other devices for execution. Additionally or alternatively, machine-readable media may be used to store and / or carry such instructions / code. In many implementations, computer-readable media are physical and / or tangible storage media. Such media can take many forms, including, but not limited to, non-volatile media, volatile media, and transmission media. Common forms of computer-readable media include, for example, magnetic and / or optical media, any other physical media with a hole pattern, RAM, programmable ROM (PROM), erasable PROM (EPROM), FLASH-EPROM, any other memory chip or memory cartridge, the carrier wave described below, or any other medium from which a computer can read instructions and / or code.

[0123] The methods, systems, and devices discussed herein are examples. Various procedures or components may be appropriately omitted, substituted, or added to the various embodiments. For example, features described with reference to certain embodiments may be combined in various other embodiments. Different aspects and elements of embodiments may be combined in a similar manner. Various components of the accompanying drawings provided herein may be embodied in hardware and / or software. Moreover, technology evolves, and therefore many elements are examples that do not limit the scope of this disclosure to those particular examples.

[0124] Primarily for reasons of common use, referring to such signals as bits, information, values, elements, symbols, characters, variables, items, quantities, numbers, etc., has proven convenient in some cases. However, it should be understood that all such terms, or similar terms, are to be associated with the appropriate physical quantity and are merely convenient labels. Unless otherwise specifically stated, as is apparent from the foregoing discussion, it should be understood that throughout this specification, discussions using terms such as “processing,” “calculating,” “determining,” “identifying,” “ascertaining,” “identifying,” “associating,” “measuring,” “performing,” etc., refer to the actions or processes of a particular device (such as a dedicated computer or similar dedicated electronic computing device). Therefore, in the context of this specification, a dedicated computer or similar dedicated electronic computing device is capable of manipulating or transforming signals of physical, electronic, electrical, or magnetic quantities typically represented in the memory, registers, or other information storage, transmission, or display devices of that dedicated computer or similar dedicated electronic computing device.

[0125] As used herein, the terms “and” and “or” can include a variety of meanings, which are also contemplated to depend at least in part on the context in which such terms are used. Generally, “or,” when used in relation to a list such as A, B, or C, is intended to mean A, B, and C (in the inclusive sense) and A, B, or C (in the exclusive sense). Additionally, the term “one or more” as used herein can be used to describe any feature, structure, or property in the singular form, or can be used to describe some combination of features, structures, or properties. However, it should be noted that this is merely an illustrative example, and the claimed subject matter is not limited to this example. Furthermore, the term “at least one of” when used in relation to a list such as A, B, or C can be interpreted as meaning any combination of A, B, and / or C, such as A, AB, AA, AAB, AABBCCC, etc.

[0126] Several embodiments have been described, and various modifications, substitutions, constructions, and equivalents may be used without departing from the spirit of this disclosure. For example, the above elements may be components of a larger system, where other rules may take precedence over or otherwise modify the application of the various embodiments. Furthermore, several steps may be taken before, during, or after considering the above elements. Accordingly, the above description does not limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0127] In view of this specification, various embodiments may include different combinations of features. Examples of implementations are described in the following numbered clauses.

[0128] Clause 1: A method for radar detection of an object, the method comprising: transmitting a first signal by a device during a first duration; receiving, by the device, a first reflection of the first signal from a first object during a second duration following the first duration; transmitting a second signal by the device during a third duration, wherein the third duration is longer than the first duration and follows the second duration; receiving, by the device, a second reflection of the second signal from a second object during a fourth duration following the third duration; and determining the location of the first object and the second object by the device based on the first reflection and the second reflection.

[0129] Clause 2: The method of Clause 1, wherein the first object is within a first distance of the device, and the second object is between the first distance and a second distance of the device, the second distance being greater than the first distance.

[0130] Clause 3: The method of any of Clauses 1-2, wherein the first duration is determined at least in part based on the minimum distance between the device and the detectable object.

[0131] Clause 4: The method of any of Clauses 1-3, wherein the third duration is determined at least in part based on the first duration.

[0132] Clause 5: The method of any one of Clauses 1-4, wherein the third duration is determined at least in part based on the power of the transmitting antenna of the device and the gain of the transmitting antenna during the transmission of the second signal.

[0133] Clause 6: The method of any one of Clauses 1-5, wherein the first signal comprises a phase-modulated continuous waveform.

[0134] Clause 7: The method of any of Clauses 1-6, wherein the equipment includes full-duplex equipment.

[0135] Clause 8: The method of any of Clauses 1-7, wherein the equipment includes a half-duplex device.

[0136] Clause 9: The method of any of Clauses 1-8, wherein the device includes a monostatic radar.

[0137] Clause 10: An apparatus for radar detection of an object, the apparatus comprising: a transceiver; a memory; and one or more processors communicatively coupled to the transceiver and the memory, wherein the one or more processors are configured to: transmit a first signal via the transceiver during a first duration; receive a first reflection of the first signal from a first object via the transceiver during a second duration following the first duration; transmit a second signal via the transceiver during a third duration, wherein the third duration is longer than the first duration and follows the second duration; receive a second reflection of the second signal from a second object via the transceiver during a fourth duration following the third duration; and determine the location of the first object and the second object based on the first reflection and the second reflection.

[0138] Clause 11: A device as described in Clause 10, wherein the one or more processors are configured to: determine that the location of the first object is within a first distance of the device, and determine that the location of the second object is between the first distance and a second distance of the device, the second distance being greater than the first distance.

[0139] Clause 12: A device as described in any of Clauses 10-11, wherein the first duration is based at least in part on the minimum distance between the device and the detectable object.

[0140] Clause 13: The device of any of Clauses 10-12, wherein the third duration is based at least in part on the first duration.

[0141] Clause 14: A device as described in any of Clauses 10-13, wherein the third duration is based at least in part on the power of the transmitting antenna of the device and the gain of the transmitting antenna during the transmission of the second signal.

[0142] Clause 15: A device as described in any of Clauses 10-14, wherein, in order to transmit the first signal, the one or more processors are configured to transmit a phase-modulated continuous waveform.

[0143] Clause 16: Equipment as described in any of Clauses 10-15, wherein the equipment includes full-duplex equipment.

[0144] Clause 17: Equipment as described in any of Clauses 10-16, wherein the equipment includes half-duplex equipment.

[0145] Clause 18: Equipment as described in any of Clauses 10-17, wherein the equipment includes a monostatic radar.

[0146] Clause 19: An apparatus for radar detection of an object, the apparatus comprising: means for transmitting a first signal during a first duration; means for receiving a first reflection of the first signal from a first object during a second duration following the first duration; means for transmitting a second signal during a third duration, wherein the third duration is longer than the first duration and follows the second duration; means for receiving a second reflection of the second signal from a second object during a fourth duration following the third duration; and means for determining the location of the first object and the second object based on the first reflection and the second reflection.

[0147] Clause 20: Equipment as described in Clause 19, wherein the first duration is based at least in part on the minimum distance between the equipment and the detectable object.

[0148] Clause 21: Equipment as described in any of Clauses 19-20, wherein the third duration is based at least in part on the first duration.

[0149] Clause 22: Equipment as described in any of Clauses 19-21, wherein the third duration is based at least in part on the following: the power of the transmitting antenna of the equipment, and the gain of the transmitting antenna during the transmission of the second signal.

[0150] Clause 23: The apparatus of any of Clauses 19-22, wherein the means for transmitting the first signal includes means for transmitting a phase-modulated continuous waveform.

[0151] Clause 24: Equipment as described in any of Clauses 19-23, wherein the equipment includes full-duplex equipment.

[0152] Clause 25: Equipment as described in any of Clauses 19-24, wherein the equipment includes half-duplex equipment.

[0153] Clause 26: Equipment as described in any of Clauses 19-25, wherein the equipment includes a monostatic radar.

[0154] Clause 27: A non-transient computer-readable medium storing instructions for radar detection of an object, the instructions comprising code for: transmitting a first signal from a device during a first duration; receiving a first reflection of the first signal from a first object during a second duration following the first duration; transmitting a second signal during a third duration, wherein the third duration is longer than the first duration and follows the second duration; receiving a second reflection of the second signal from a second object during a fourth duration following the third duration; and determining the location of the first object and the second object based on the first reflection and the second reflection.

[0155] Clause 28: A computer-readable medium as described in Clause 27, wherein the first duration is determined at least in part based on the minimum distance between the device and the detectable object.

[0156] Clause 29: A computer-readable medium such as any of Clauses 27-28, wherein the third duration is based at least in part on the first duration.

[0157] Clause 30: A computer-readable medium such as any of Clauses 27-29, wherein the third duration is based at least in part on the power of the transmitting antenna of the device and the gain of the transmitting antenna during the transmission of the second signal.

Claims

1. A method for radar detection of an object based on a transmission / reception configuration, the method comprising: The device transmits the first signal within a first duration corresponding to the first transmission window; The device receives a first reflection of the first signal from the first object during a second duration following the first duration, wherein the second duration defines a first detection range of the first signal and corresponds to a first receiving window; The device transmits a second signal within a third duration, wherein the third duration is longer than the first duration, follows the second duration, corresponds to a second transmission window, and the third duration is determined at least in part based on the transmission range determined by the signal-to-noise ratio of the first signal. The device receives a second reflection of the second signal from the second object during a fourth duration following the third duration, wherein the fourth duration defines a second detection range of the second signal that differs from the first detection range and corresponds to a second receiving window. The third reflection of the second signal from the first object cannot be fully received by the device during the second receiving window. According to the transmission / reception configuration, the first transmission window and the second transmission window are among the multiple transmission windows in the transmission / reception configuration. The first receiving window and the second receiving window are in the plurality of receiving windows of the transmission / reception configuration, and the plurality of transmission windows and the plurality of receiving windows do not overlap in time; as well as The device determines the location of the first object and the second object based on the first reflection and the second reflection.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first object is within a first distance of the device, and the second object is between the first distance and a second distance of the device, the second distance being greater than the first distance.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first duration is determined at least in part based on the minimum distance between the detectable object and the device.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the third duration is determined at least in part based on the first duration.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first signal comprises a phase-modulated continuous waveform.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the device comprises a full-duplex device.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the device comprises a half-duplex device.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the device comprises a monostatic radar.

9. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining, at least in part, the time for transmitting the second signal based on the length of the first duration before the device transmits the second signal.

10. An apparatus for radar detection of an object based on a transmission / reception configuration, the apparatus comprising: transceiver; Memory; as well as One or more processors communicatively coupled to the transceiver and the memory, wherein the one or more processors are configured to: The first signal is transmitted via the transceiver within a first duration corresponding to the first transmission window; The transceiver receives a first reflection of the first signal from the first object during a second period following the first duration, wherein the second duration defines a first detection range of the first signal and corresponds to a first reception window; The second signal is transmitted via the transceiver during a third duration, wherein the third duration is longer than the first duration, follows the second duration, corresponds to a second transmission window, and the third duration is determined at least in part based on the maximum range determined by the signal-to-noise ratio of the first signal. The transceiver receives a second reflection of the second signal from the second object during a fourth duration following the third duration, wherein the fourth duration defines a second detection range of the second signal that differs from the first detection range and corresponds to a second reception window. The third reflection of the second signal from the first object cannot be fully received by the device during the second receiving window. According to the transmission / reception configuration, the first transmission window and the second transmission window are among the multiple transmission windows in the transmission / reception configuration. The first receiving window and the second receiving window are in the plurality of receiving windows of the transmission / reception configuration, and the plurality of transmission windows and the plurality of receiving windows do not overlap in time; as well as The location of the first object and the second object is determined based on the first reflection and the second reflection.

11. The device of claim 10, wherein the one or more processors are configured to: determine that the location of the first object is within a first distance of the device, and determine that the location of the second object is between the first distance and a second distance of the device, the second distance being greater than the first distance.

12. The device of claim 10, wherein the first duration is at least partially based on the minimum distance between the device and the detectable object.

13. The device of claim 10, wherein the third duration is at least partially based on the first duration.

14. The device of claim 10, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to determine the time for transmitting the second signal based at least in part on the length of the first duration.

15. The device as claimed in claim 10, wherein, In order to transmit the first signal, the one or more processors are configured to transmit a phase-modulated continuous waveform.

16. The device of claim 10, wherein the device includes a full-duplex device.

17. The device of claim 10, wherein the device includes a half-duplex device.

18. The device of claim 10, wherein the device comprises a monostatic radar.

19. An apparatus for radar detection of an object according to a transmission / reception configuration, the apparatus comprising: A means for transmitting a first signal within a first duration corresponding to a first transmission window; A means for receiving a first reflection of the first signal from a first object during a second duration following the first duration, wherein the second duration defines a first detection range of the first signal and corresponds to a first receiving window; A means for transmitting a second signal over a third duration, wherein the third duration is longer than the first duration, follows the second duration, corresponds to a second transmission window, and the third duration is determined at least in part based on a maximum range determined by the signal-to-noise ratio of the first signal. A means for receiving a second reflection of the second signal from a second object during a fourth duration following the third duration, wherein the fourth duration defines a second detection range of the second signal that differs from the first detection range and corresponds to a second receiving window. The third reflection of the second signal from the first object cannot be fully received by the equipment during the second receiving window. According to the transmission / reception configuration, the first transmission window and the second transmission window are among the multiple transmission windows in the transmission / reception configuration. The first and second receiving windows are among the multiple receiving windows in the transmission / reception configuration. Furthermore, the plurality of transmission windows and the plurality of reception windows do not overlap in time; as well as A means for determining the location of the first object and the second object based on the first reflection and the second reflection.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the first duration is based at least in part on the minimum distance between the apparatus and the detectable object.

21. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the third duration is at least partially based on the first duration.

22. The apparatus of claim 19, further comprising means for determining the time of transmitting the second signal based at least in part on the length of the first duration.

23. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the means for transmitting the first signal includes means for transmitting a phase-modulated continuous waveform.

24. The equipment of claim 19, wherein the equipment includes a full-duplex device.

25. The equipment of claim 19, wherein the equipment includes a half-duplex device.

26. The equipment of claim 19, wherein the equipment includes a monostatic radar.

27. A non-transient computer-readable medium storing instructions for radar detection of objects according to a transmit / receive configuration, the instructions including code for the following operations: The first signal is transmitted from the device within a first duration corresponding to the first transmission window; The first reflection of the first signal from the first object is received during a second duration following the first duration, wherein the second duration defines a first detection range of the first signal and corresponds to a first receiving window; The second signal is transmitted during a third duration, wherein the third duration is longer than the first duration, follows the second duration, corresponds to a second transmission window, and the third duration is determined at least in part based on the maximum range determined by the signal-to-noise ratio of the first signal. The second signal is received from a second reflection of the second object during a fourth duration following the third duration, wherein the fourth duration defines a second detection range of the second signal that differs from the first detection range and corresponds to a second receiving window. The third reflection of the second signal from the first object cannot be fully received by the device during the second receiving window. According to the transmission / reception configuration, the first transmission window and the second transmission window are among the multiple transmission windows in the transmission / reception configuration. The first and second receiving windows are among the multiple receiving windows in the transmission / reception configuration. And among them, The plurality of transmission windows and the plurality of reception windows do not overlap in time; as well as The location of the first object and the second object is determined based on the first reflection and the second reflection.

28. The computer-readable medium of claim 27, wherein the first duration is determined at least in part based on the minimum distance between the object and the device that allows detection.

29. The computer-readable medium of claim 27, wherein the third duration is at least partially based on the first duration.

30. The computer-readable medium of claim 27, wherein the instructions further include instructions for determining the time of transmitting the second signal based at least in part on the length of the first duration.

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