An airway management system

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of airway management systems, including laryngeal mask assembly or tracheal tube assembly, characterized by: still including breathing circuit connector assembly, telescopic tube assembly, connecting tube and inner tube assembly;Breathing circuit connector assembly includes breathing circuit connector, breathing circuit connector top end cover;Laryngeal mask assembly is at least provided with three cavities in laryngeal mask catheter, and tracheal tube assembly is provided with four cavities in tracheal tube;Breathing circuit connector one end is connected laryngeal mask connector, or tracheal tube connector, or laryngeal mask connector and inner tube connector, or tracheal tube connector and inner tube connector, or telescopic tube machine end connector and inner tube connector;Breathing circuit connector other end is connected anesthetizing machine or breathing machine by breathing pipe line.The advantage is: using the present application can make artificial airway resistance less than existing product;Increase the sensitivity and accuracy of gas sampling analysis in airway;Eliminate mechanical dead space or eliminate mechanical dead space and part of physiological dead space;Reduce tidal volume, reduce driving pressure, protect lung function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of clinical medical device technology, and in particular relates to an airway management system. Background Technology

[0002] Patients undergoing general anesthesia or ICU treatment typically use an airway management system. An airway management system usually includes an anesthesia mask, laryngeal mask airway, endotracheal tube, connecting tubes, retractable tubes, artificial nose, and breathing circuit. The airway management system enables general anesthesia, respiratory support, monitoring of inhaled and exhaled gas composition, delivery of oxygen and anesthetic gases, and removal of respiratory waste gases. Patients experience both spontaneous breathing and mechanically regulated breathing.

[0003] Due to the influence of patients' physical condition, medications used, and underlying diseases, patients maintaining spontaneous breathing exhibit significant differences in tidal volume, respiratory rate, and minute ventilation. For patients under mechanical ventilation, smaller tidal volume, respiratory rate, minute ventilation, and airway pressure should be selected as much as possible while ensuring gas exchange. Furthermore, the same patient often experiences two different breathing modes. Current clinically used products have fixed lumen diameters, lengths, and dead space, which cannot meet the diverse breathing needs of patients. When a patient's spontaneous tidal volume is large, airway resistance increases; when a patient's spontaneous tidal volume is small or protective mechanical ventilation is implemented, ineffective ventilation increases, re-inhalation occurs, and gas exchange is impaired. Severe COVID-19 patients experience decreased blood oxygen and increased blood carbon dioxide levels due to increased physiological dead space, requiring invasive ventilation via endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. The reasons for increased physiological dead space include: 1. Inflammatory exudate filling the alveoli; 2. Disproportionate perfusion during supine ventilation; 3. Increased physiological dead space due to mechanical ventilation. The current solution is prone ventilation, which can reduce the patient's physiological dead space and correct ventilation-perfusion mismatch. However, prone ventilation is not commonly used in clinical practice because it has the following disadvantages: 1. It strains medical and nursing resources; 2. It increases the risk of airway obstruction; 3. It increases the risk of pressure sores and head and facial injuries.

[0004] Traditional laryngeal mask airways (LMAs) are limited by the inner diameter of the ventilation tube, allowing only endotracheal tubes with an inner diameter of 7.0 mm or less to be inserted. In my country, female patients should choose an endotracheal tube with an average inner diameter of 7.5 mm, and male patients should choose one with an average inner diameter of 8.5 mm. Using an endotracheal tube with an inner diameter of 7.0 mm or less poses the following clinical risks: 1. Increased resistance in the artificial airway, increasing the risk of respiratory and circulatory complications. 2. Increased cuff pressure in the endotracheal tube, causing damage to the tracheal mucosa. 3. Limited procedures performed through the endotracheal tube ventilation space, including insertion of bronchial occluders, and examinations and treatments under fiberoptic bronchoscopy.

[0005] Traditional gas sampling tubes are positioned in the mechanical dead space of the artificial airway and their location is not fixed. Because the sampling point is far from the alveoli and is affected by the patient's exhaled exhaust gas, the values ​​obtained from the sampling analysis are delayed and inaccurate.

[0006] Traditional inner tubes have smooth, cylindrical outer walls, which can easily adhere to the wall after insertion into the laryngeal mask airway or endotracheal tube, causing obstruction between the inner and outer tubes.

[0007] Traditional connecting tubes have a uniform diameter structure and cannot be connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector in this invention.

[0008] Traditional breathing circuit connectors are L-type, Y-type, or a combination thereof, and cannot be used in this invention. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This invention provides an airway management system to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0010] In clinical use, the artificial airway resistance of this airway management system is lower than that of existing products. The inner tube assembly can be inserted via the laryngeal mask assembly or endotracheal tube assembly. The inner tube connector and the laryngeal mask connector, or the inner tube connector and the endotracheal tube connector, are connected together to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector. The breathing circuit connector connects to the anesthesia machine or ventilator via the breathing tubing, eliminating mechanical dead space and preventing the patient from inhaling their own exhaled waste gas. The patient end of the gas sampling chamber of the laryngeal mask assembly or endotracheal tube assembly is located on the patient's ventral side, with the patient end of the gas sampling chamber close to the patient end of the tube, resulting in more sensitive and accurate sampling analysis. The patient end of the pharyngeal suction chamber of the laryngeal mask assembly or endotracheal tube assembly is located on the patient's dorsal side, with the patient end of the pharyngeal suction chamber close to the patient end of the tube. The pharyngeal suction chamber can aspirate secretions near the glottis and can also serve as a backup gas sampling chamber. The gas sampling chamber and the pharyngeal suction chamber are fixedly paired and symmetrically arranged, ensuring the continuity and reliability of gas sampling analysis. The laryngeal mask airway (LMA) connector connects to the patient end of the telescopic tube assembly. When the telescopic tube assembly is fully extended, the inner tube assembly can be inserted through the LMA and telescopic tube assemblies. The patient end of the inner tube assembly is located above the glottis, inside the LMA, and aligned with the patient end of the LMA tube. This eliminates mechanical dead space, preventing the patient from inhaling their own exhaled air and improving the sensitivity and accuracy of airway gas sampling and analysis. As the telescopic tube assembly gradually shortens, the patient end of the inner tube assembly moves towards the patient's lungs, passes through the glottis, and enters the trachea. When the telescopic tube assembly is shortened to its original state, the patient end of the inner tube assembly reaches the trachea, eliminating all mechanical dead space and part of the physiological dead space. The inner tube connector and the telescopic tube machine end connector connect together to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector, which connects to the anesthesia machine or ventilator via the breathing tubing.

[0011] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art is as follows:

[0012] An airway management system includes a laryngeal mask assembly or an endotracheal tube assembly. The laryngeal mask assembly includes a mask body, a laryngeal mask tube, a laryngeal mask connector, a laryngeal mask inflation tube, and a laryngeal mask inflation valve. The endotracheal tube assembly includes a cuff, an endotracheal tube, an endotracheal tube connector, a cuff inflation tube, and a cuff inflation valve. The airway management system is characterized by further comprising a breathing circuit connector assembly, a telescopic tube assembly, a connecting tube, and an inner tube assembly. The breathing circuit connector assembly includes a breathing circuit connector, a breathing circuit connector top cap, and a first Luer connector. The telescopic tube assembly includes a telescopic tube patient end connector, a telescopic tube machine end connector, and a telescopic tube body; The inner tube assembly includes an inner tube body and an inner tube connector; The laryngeal mask airway has at least three cavities: a first ventilation cavity, a first gas sampling cavity, and a first pharyngeal suction cavity. The endotracheal tube has four cavities: a second ventilation cavity, a second pharyngeal suction cavity, a second gas sampling cavity, and a cuff inflation cavity. The inner diameter of the endotracheal tube is equal in each segment of the cavity or is designed such that the inner diameter of the segment below the patient's glottis is smaller than the inner diameter of the segment above the patient's glottis. One end of the breathing circuit connector is connected to the laryngeal mask connector, or one end of the breathing circuit connector is connected to the endotracheal tube connector, or one end of the breathing circuit connector is connected to the laryngeal mask connector and the inner tube connector, or one end of the breathing circuit connector is connected to the endotracheal tube connector and the inner tube connector, or one end of the breathing circuit connector is connected to the telescopic tube machine end connector and the inner tube connector of the telescopic tube assembly; the other end of the breathing circuit connector is connected to an anesthesia machine or a ventilator through a breathing tube.

[0013] The present invention can also adopt the following technical solutions: Preferably, the breathing circuit connector assembly includes a breathing circuit connector, a breathing circuit connector top cap, and a first Luer connector; the breathing circuit connector includes a patient end and a machine end, the patient end of the breathing circuit connector includes an inner patient end connector and an outer patient end connector, and the machine end of the breathing circuit connector includes a first inner machine end connector, a second inner machine end connector, and an outer machine end connector; the patient end of the breathing circuit connector has an inner patient end channel and an outer patient end channel, the inner and outer patient end channels adopt a coaxial inner and outer dual channel structure; the machine end of the breathing circuit connector has three channels, namely a first inner machine end channel, a second inner machine end channel, and an outer machine end channel; the first inner machine end channel, the second inner machine end channel, and the patient end inner channel of the breathing circuit connector are connected, and the outer machine end channel and the patient end outer channel of the breathing circuit connector are connected; an openable breathing circuit connector top cap is provided at the top of the second inner machine end connector, and the first Luer connector is connected in the middle of the top cap.

[0014] Preferably, the laryngeal mask assembly has four cavities in its laryngeal mask tube: a first ventilation cavity, a first gas sampling cavity, a drainage cavity, and a first pharyngeal suction cavity.

[0015] Preferably, the laryngeal mask assembly has six cavities in its laryngeal mask tube, namely a first ventilation cavity, a first gas sampling cavity, a drainage cavity, a video element cavity, a first pharyngeal suction cavity, and a spare reserved cavity.

[0016] Preferably, the connecting tube has an unequal diameter structure, with one end connected to the breathing circuit connector and the other end connected to the anesthesia mask. The second Luer connector of the connecting tube is connected to the gas sampling tube of the monitor, so as to facilitate the use of the connecting tube in anesthesia induction. Alternatively, one end of the connecting tube is connected to the endotracheal tube connector and the other end is connected to the breathing circuit connector. The second Luer connector of the connecting tube is connected to the gas sampling tube of the monitor, so as to facilitate the use of the connecting tube when inserted into the endotracheal tube through the laryngeal mask assembly.

[0017] Preferably, the inner tube assembly includes an inner tube body and an inner tube connector connected to the inner tube body. Multiple protrusions are provided on the outer wall of the inner tube body for positioning between the inner tube body and the first ventilation chamber, or between the inner tube body and the second ventilation chamber of the endotracheal tube. After the laryngeal mask assembly or endotracheal tube assembly is inserted through the patient's mouth, it is inserted into the inner tube assembly via the laryngeal mask tube and laryngeal mask connector, or via the endotracheal tube and endotracheal tube connector. The inner tube connector and laryngeal mask connector, or the inner tube connector and endotracheal tube connector, are respectively connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector. The machine end first inner connector and machine end outer connector of the breathing circuit connector, or the machine end second inner connector and machine end outer connector of the breathing circuit connector, are respectively connected to an anesthesia machine or a ventilator via a breathing tubing.

[0018] Preferably, the telescopic tube assembly includes a telescopic tube body, one end of which is connected to a patient-side connector, and the other end to a machine-side connector. The patient-side connector is connected to a laryngeal mask airway (LMA) connector, and the machine-side connector is connected to the patient-side end of a breathing circuit connector. After the LMA assembly is inserted through the patient's mouth, the LMA connector connects to the patient-side connector, and the inner tube assembly is inserted through the LMA tube, LMA connector, and telescopic tube assembly. When the telescopic tube assembly is fully extended, the patient-side end of the inner tube assembly is located on the patient's glottis, which eliminates mechanical dead space and avoids... This prevents the patient from inhaling their own exhaled waste gas. As the telescopic tube assembly gradually shortens, the patient end of the inner tube assembly moves towards the patient's lungs, passes through the patient's glottis, and enters the patient's trachea. When the telescopic tube assembly is shortened to its original state, the patient end of the inner tube assembly reaches the patient's trachea, eliminating all mechanical dead space and part of physiological dead space. The inner tube connector and the telescopic tube machine end connector are jointly connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector. The machine end first inner connector and machine end outer connector of the breathing circuit connector, or the machine end second inner connector and machine end outer connector of the breathing circuit connector, are respectively connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator through the breathing tubing.

[0019] Preferably, the laryngeal mask connector or endotracheal tube connector can be connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector, with the top cap of the breathing circuit connector placed on the first inner connector of the machine end of the breathing circuit connector. The inner tube body of the inner tube assembly is inserted through the second inner connector of the machine end of the breathing circuit connector, so that the inner tube connector and the outer connector of the machine end are connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator through the breathing tubing. The laryngeal mask connector is connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector, and the inner tube body of the inner tube assembly is inserted through the second inner connector of the machine end of the breathing circuit connector. As the inner tube body is gradually inserted, the mechanical dead space in the airway management system gradually decreases. When the patient end of the inner tube assembly is located inside the mask and aligned with the patient end of the laryngeal mask tube, the mechanical dead space is eliminated. At this time, the patient end of the inner tube assembly enters the patient's trachea through the patient's glottis, thereby eliminating all mechanical dead space and part of the physiological dead space. The inner diameter is A tracheal tube connector with an equal diameter structure connects to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector and inserts the inner tube body of the inner tube assembly through the second inner connector of the machine end of the breathing circuit connector. As the inner tube body is gradually inserted, the mechanical dead space within the airway management system gradually decreases. When the patient end of the inner tube assembly and the patient end of the tracheal tube are aligned, the mechanical dead space is eliminated. The patient end of the inner tube assembly continues to be inserted and enters the patient's trachea, thereby eliminating all mechanical dead space and part of the physiological dead space. A tracheal tube connector with an unequal diameter structure connects to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector and inserts the inner tube body of the inner tube assembly through the second inner connector of the machine end of the breathing circuit connector. As the inner tube body is gradually inserted, the mechanical dead space within the airway management system gradually decreases. When the patient end of the inner tube assembly is located at the patient end of the larger inner diameter portion of the unequal diameter tracheal tube, part of the mechanical dead space is eliminated.

[0020] Preferably, the patient end of the first gas sampling chamber and the patient end of the first pharyngeal suction chamber in the laryngeal mask airway are close to the patient end of the laryngeal mask airway, and the patient ends of the second gas sampling chamber and the second pharyngeal suction chamber are close to the patient end of the tracheal tube; the first gas sampling chamber and the first pharyngeal suction chamber in the laryngeal mask airway are used in a fixed combination; the second gas sampling chamber and the second pharyngeal suction chamber in the tracheal tube are used in a fixed combination.

[0021] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are as follows: 1. By inserting the inner tube assembly through the endotracheal tube assembly or laryngeal mask assembly, the inner tube connector and the laryngeal mask connector, or the inner tube connector and the endotracheal tube connector, are jointly connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector. The breathing circuit connector is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator through the breathing tubing. This reduces or eliminates mechanical dead space, thereby preventing the patient from inhaling their own exhaled waste gas. 2. The laryngeal mask connector can be connected to the patient end of the telescopic tube assembly. When the telescopic tube assembly is fully extended, the inner tube assembly can be inserted through the laryngeal mask assembly and the telescopic tube assembly. The patient end of the inner tube assembly is located on the patient's glottis, inside the mask assembly, and aligned with the patient end of the laryngeal mask tube. The inner tube connector and the telescopic tube machine end connector are jointly connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector. The breathing circuit connector is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator through the breathing tubing. This eliminates mechanical dead space, prevents the patient from inhaling their own exhaled waste gas, and improves the sensitivity and accuracy of gas sampling and analysis in the patient's airway. As the telescopic tube assembly gradually shortens, the patient end of the inner tube assembly moves toward the patient's lungs, passes through the patient's glottis, and enters the trachea. When the telescopic tube assembly is shortened to its original state, the patient end of the inner tube assembly can reach the patient's trachea, eliminating all mechanical dead space and part of physiological dead space. The inner tube connector and the telescopic tube machine end connector are connected together to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector, which is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator through the breathing tubing.3. The laryngeal mask airway connector or endotracheal tube connector can be connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector, with the top cap of the breathing circuit connector placed on the first inner connector of the machine end of the breathing circuit connector. The inner tube body of the inner tube assembly is inserted through the second inner connector of the machine end of the breathing circuit connector, so that the inner tube connector and the outer connector of the machine end are respectively connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit, and the machine end of the breathing circuit is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator. The laryngeal mask airway connector is connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector, and the inner tube body of the inner tube assembly is inserted through the second inner connector of the machine end of the breathing circuit connector. As the inner tube body is gradually inserted, the mechanical dead space in the airway management system gradually decreases. When the patient end of the inner tube assembly is located in the mask body and aligned with the patient end of the laryngeal mask airway, the mechanical dead space is eliminated. At this time, the patient end of the inner tube assembly enters the patient's trachea through the patient's glottis, thereby eliminating all mechanical dead space and part of the physiological dead space. A tracheal tube connector with an equal inner diameter connects to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector. After the inner tube of the inner tube assembly is inserted through the second inner connector at the machine end of the breathing circuit connector, the mechanical dead space within the airway management system gradually decreases as the inner tube is inserted. When the patient end of the inner tube assembly aligns with the patient end of the tracheal tube, the mechanical dead space is eliminated. The patient end of the inner tube assembly continues to be inserted into the patient's trachea, further eliminating all mechanical dead space and part of the physiological dead space. A tracheal tube connector with an unequal inner diameter connects to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector. The inner tube of the inner tube assembly is inserted through the second inner connector at the machine end of the breathing circuit connector. As the inner tube is inserted, the mechanical dead space within the airway management system gradually decreases. When the patient end of the inner tube assembly is located at the patient end of the larger inner diameter portion of the unequal inner diameter tracheal tube, part of the mechanical dead space is eliminated. 4. The patient end of the gas sampling chamber of the laryngeal mask assembly or tracheal tube assembly and the gas sampling chamber are located on the patient's ventral side. The patient end of the gas sampling chamber is close to the patient end of the tube, which improves the sensitivity and accuracy of gas sampling analysis within the patient's airway. The patient end of the laryngeal mask airway assembly or endotracheal tube assembly's pharyngeal suction cavity and the pharyngeal suction cavity are located on the patient's dorsal side, with the patient end of the pharyngeal suction cavity close to the patient end of the catheter. The pharyngeal suction cavity can aspirate secretions near the patient's glottis and can also serve as a backup gas sampling cavity. The patient ends of the gas sampling cavity, the gas sampling cavity, and the pharyngeal suction cavity are fixedly paired and symmetrically arranged to ensure the continuity and reliability of gas sampling analysis.

[0022] Eliminating mechanical dead space and part of physiological dead space is clinically significant for patients requiring low tidal volume and low driving pressure ventilation. Patients requiring low tidal volume and low driving pressure ventilation include, but are not limited to: 1. Pediatric surgical patients; 2. Patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery requiring carbon dioxide filling; 3. Patients undergoing thoracic surgery; 4. Patients with lung disease undergoing general anesthesia; 5. Patients undergoing surgeries requiring massive blood transfusions or fluid infusions; 6. Patients undergoing prolonged surgery; 7. Patients with COPD or ARDS; 8. Patients with severe COVID-19 requiring invasive ventilation.

[0023] The endotracheal tube and its connector, or laryngeal mask airway (LMA) tube and its connector, of this invention have an inner diameter larger than existing products, resulting in lower artificial airway resistance. This allows for the insertion of a larger-diameter endotracheal tube via the LMA tube and its connector. The sampling point of the LMA assembly or endotracheal tube assembly is located close to the patient's end of the tube, maximizing the proximity of the sampling point to the alveoli. This leads to more sensitive and accurate sampling analysis, with the sampled analysis values ​​more closely approximating and exhibiting a better correlation with arterial blood gas analysis values.

[0024] This invention provides good therapeutic effects for ARDS patients in the supine position; the therapeutic effect is even better when combined with prone ventilation.

[0025] The endotracheal tube of the present invention can be designed with a smaller inner diameter in the subglottic section than in the supraglottic section, which can avoid damage to the patient's trachea, improve patient comfort, and reduce complications.

[0026] The connecting tube of the present invention is designed with an unequal diameter structure so that one end can be connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector and the other end can be connected to an anesthesia mask or a regular endotracheal tube.

[0027] The inner tube body of this invention has several symmetrically designed protrusions on its outer wall along the axial direction. When the ventilation cavity of the laryngeal mask tube or tracheal tube is inserted, the inner tube body can be kept at the axial center position of the inserted ventilation cavity under the support of the protrusions, ensuring that the ventilation cavity between the inner tube body and the laryngeal mask tube or tracheal tube is unobstructed.

[0028] The gas sampling chamber of the laryngeal mask assembly or endotracheal tube assembly of the present invention can be located inside the laryngeal mask tube or endotracheal tube, or it can be located independently outside the tube. The pharyngeal suction chamber and the gas sampling chamber are symmetrically positioned and have the same structure; the patient end of the pharyngeal suction chamber and the patient end of the gas sampling chamber are close to the patient end of the tube, symmetrically positioned, and have the same structure. Pharyngeal secretions can be aspirated through the pharyngeal suction chamber, and it can also serve as a backup sampling chamber after the gas sampling chamber is blocked, ensuring the continuity and reliability of gas sampling analysis. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view; Figure 2a yes Figure 2 AA section view; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the breathing circuit connector assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Top view; Figure 5 yes Figure 3 BB section view; Figure 6 yes Figure 4 CC section view; Figure 7 yes Figure 5 DD cross-section; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the inner tube assembly of the present invention; Figure 8a yes Figure 8 EE sectional view; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the original state of the telescopic tube assembly of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic tube assembly of the present invention in its fully open state; Figure 11 This is an assembly diagram of the laryngeal mask assembly, inner tube assembly, and original telescopic tube assembly of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the laryngeal mask assembly, the inner tube assembly, and the telescopic tube assembly in the fully open state of the present invention. Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the connection and assembly of the laryngeal mask assembly and the breathing circuit connector assembly of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the laryngeal mask assembly and the inner tube assembly of the present invention; Figure 15 This is an assembly diagram of the laryngeal mask assembly, inner tube assembly, and breathing circuit connector assembly of the present invention; Figure 16 This is an assembly diagram of the laryngeal mask assembly, inner tube assembly, breathing circuit connector assembly, and telescopic tube assembly of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting pipe structure of the present invention; Figure 17a yes Figure 17 Top view; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 18a yes Figure 18 FF sectional view; Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 19a yes Figure 19 GG cross-sectional view; Figure 20 This is an assembly structure diagram of the endotracheal tube assembly and inner tube assembly according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention; Figure 20a yes Figure 20 HH sectional view; Figure 20byes Figure 20 Sectional view II; Figure 20c yes Figure 20 K-direction view; Figure 21 yes Figure 20 Top view; Figure 22 This is an assembly structure diagram of the endotracheal tube assembly, inner tube assembly, and breathing circuit connector assembly according to Embodiment 4 of the invention; Figure 23 This is an assembly structure diagram of the endotracheal tube assembly and inner tube assembly according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention; Figure 23a yes Figure 23 A cross-sectional view of the JJ; Figure 23b yes Figure 23 KK sectional view; Figure 23c yes Figure 23 LL section view; Figure 24 yes Figure 23 Top view; Figure 25 This is an assembly structure diagram of the endotracheal tube assembly, inner tube assembly, and breathing circuit connector assembly of Embodiment 5 of the invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Laryngeal mask assembly; 1-1. Mask body; 1-2. Laryngeal mask tubing; 1-3. Laryngeal mask connector; 1-4. Laryngeal mask inflation tubing; 1-5. Laryngeal mask inflation valve; 1-6. First ventilation chamber; 1-7. First pharyngeal suction chamber; 1-8. First gas sampling chamber; 1-9. Video element chamber; 1-10. Drainage chamber; 1-11. Reserved chamber; 1-12. First gas sampling tube; 1-13. First pharyngeal suction tube; 1-14. Third Luer connector; 2. Endotracheal tube assembly; 2-1. Cuff; 2-2. Endotracheal tube; 2-3. Endotracheal tube connector; 2-4. Cuff inflation tube; 2-5. Cuff inflation valve; 2-6. Second ventilation chamber; 2-7. Second pharyngeal suction chamber; 2-8. Second gas sampling chamber; 2-9. Second gas sampling tube; 2-10. Second pharyngeal suction tube; 2-11. Fourth Luer connector; 2-12. Cuff inflation chamber; 3. Breathing circuit connector assembly; 3-1. Breathing circuit connector; 3-1-1. Patient end inner channel; 3-1-2. Patient end outer channel; 3-1-3. Machine end first inner channel; 3-1-4. Machine end second inner channel; 3-1-5. Machine end outer channel; 3-1-6. Patient end inner connector; 3-1-7. Patient end outer connector; 3-1-8. Machine end first inner connector; 3-1-9. Machine end second inner connector; 3-1-10. Machine end outer connector; 3-2. Breathing circuit connector top cap; 3-3. First Luer connector; 4. Inner tube assembly; 4-1. Inner tube body; 4-2. Third vent chamber; 4-3. Inner tube connector; 4-4. Protrusion; 5. Connecting pipe; 5-1. Connecting pipe body; 5-2. Second Luer connector; 6. Telescopic tube assembly; 6-1. Telescopic tube body; 6-2. Telescopic tube patient end connector; 6-3. Telescopic tube machine end connector. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0032] Example 1, please refer to Figures 1-17a An airway management system includes a laryngeal mask assembly 1, a breathing circuit connector assembly 3, an inner tube assembly 4, a connecting tube 5, and a telescopic tube assembly 6.

[0033] The laryngeal mask assembly 1 includes a mask body 1-1, a laryngeal mask tubing 1-2, a laryngeal mask connector 1-3, a laryngeal mask inflation tubing 1-4, and a laryngeal mask inflation valve 1-5. One end of the laryngeal mask tubing 1-2 is connected to the mask body 1-1, and the other end is connected to the laryngeal mask connector 1-3. The laryngeal mask inflation tubing 1-4 is located outside the laryngeal mask tubing 1-2, with one end connected to the mask body 1-1 for inflation, and the other end connected to the laryngeal mask inflation valve 1-5. The laryngeal mask tubing 1-2 has three cavities: a first ventilation cavity 1-6, a first gas sampling cavity 1-8, and a first pharyngeal suction cavity 1-7. The first ventilation cavity 1-6 is located in the center of the laryngeal mask tubing 1-2 to facilitate the insertion of the inner tube assembly 4. The first gas sampling cavity 1-8 and the first pharyngeal suction cavity 1-7 are respectively placed inside the laryngeal mask tubing 1-2, with the patient ends of the first gas sampling cavity 1-8 and the first pharyngeal suction cavity 1-7 close to the patient end of the laryngeal mask tubing 1-2. The first gas sampling chamber 1-8 is connected to the first gas sampling tube 1-12, and the first pharyngeal suction chamber 1-7 is connected to the first pharyngeal suction tube 1-13. A third Luer connector 1-14 is connected to one end of the first gas sampling tube 1-12 and the first pharyngeal suction tube 1-13. The third Luer connector 1-14 is connected to a monitor for analyzing the composition and concentration of the patient's inhaled or exhaled gas. The first pharyngeal suction tube 1-13 can be used as a suction channel for the patient's pharyngeal secretions or as a backup gas sampling tube.

[0034] The breathing circuit connector assembly 3 includes a breathing circuit connector 3-1, a breathing circuit connector top cover 3-2, and a first Luer connector 3-3. The breathing circuit connector 3-1 includes a patient end and a machine end. The patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1 includes an inner patient end connector 3-1-6 and an outer patient end connector 3-1-7. The machine end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1 includes a first inner machine end connector 3-1-8, a second inner machine end connector 3-1-9, and an outer machine end connector 3-1-10. The patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1 has an inner patient end channel 3-1-1 and an outer patient end channel 3-1-2, which adopt a coaxial inner and outer dual channel structure. The breathing circuit connector 3-1 has three channels within its machine end: a first internal channel 3-1-3 within the first internal connector 3-1-8, a second internal channel 3-1-4 within the second internal connector 3-1-9, and an external channel 3-1-5 within the external connector 3-1-10. The first internal channel 3-1-3 and the second internal channel 3-1-4 connect to the patient-side internal channel 3-1-1, and the external channel 3-1-5 connects to the patient-side external channel 3-1-2. An openable breathing circuit connector top cover 3-2 is located at the top of the second internal connector 3-1-9, with a first Luer connector 3-3 connected to the middle of the top cover 3-2. In clinical use, the patient-side external connector 3-1-7 connects to the laryngeal mask connector 1-3, the endotracheal tube connector 2-3, or the telescopic tube machine end connector 6-3, and the patient-side internal connector 3-1-6 connects to the inner tube connector 4-3. The first internal connector 3-1-8 and the external connector 3-1-10 on the machine end are connected to the breathing tubing, which is then connected to an anesthesia machine or a ventilator. After removing the top cap 3-2 of the breathing circuit connector, a fiberoptic bronchoscope, a closed suction catheter, or a bronchial occluder can be inserted through the second internal channel 3-1-4 on the machine end. Alternatively, the second internal connector 3-1-9 and the external connector 3-1-10 on the machine end can be connected to the breathing tubing. The top cap 3-2 of the breathing circuit connector can be removed and placed at the first internal connector 3-1-8 on the machine end, and the breathing tubing can then be connected to an anesthesia machine or a ventilator.

[0035] The inner tube assembly 4 includes an inner tube body 4-1 and an inner tube connector 4-3. A third ventilation chamber 4-2 is provided within the inner tube body 4-1. The inner tube assembly 4, a closed suction catheter, or a bronchial occluder can be inserted into the first ventilation chamber 1-6 as needed clinically; alternatively, a closed suction catheter or a bronchial occluder can be inserted into the inner tube body 4-1 after the inner tube assembly 4 is inserted. Multiple symmetrically arranged protrusions 4-4 are located on the axial direction of the outer wall of the inner tube body 4-1. These protrusions 4-4 are used for positioning the first ventilation chamber 1-6 within the inner tube body 4-1 and the laryngeal mask airway 1-2.

[0036] The connecting tube 5 has an unequal diameter structure, including a connecting tube body 5-1 and a second Luer connector 5-2. In clinical use, one end of the connecting tube body 5-1 is connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1, and the other end is connected to the anesthesia mask. The second Luer connector 5-2 is connected to the gas sampling tube of the monitor for use in anesthesia induction. One end of the connecting tube 5 can also be connected to the connector of the ordinary endotracheal tube 2-2, and the other end is connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1. The second Luer connector 5-2 is connected to the gas sampling tube of the monitor for use in intubation treatment via the laryngeal mask assembly 1.

[0037] The telescopic tube assembly 6 includes a telescopic tube body 6-1, a telescopic tube patient-end connector 6-2, and a telescopic tube machine-end connector 6-3. The telescopic tube patient-end connector 6-2 connects to the laryngeal mask airway connector 1-3, and the telescopic tube machine-end connector 6-3 connects to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1. The laryngeal mask airway connector 1-3 can connect to the telescopic tube patient-end connector 6-2. When the telescopic tube assembly 6 is fully extended, the inner tube assembly 4 can be inserted through the laryngeal mask airway assembly 1 and the telescopic tube assembly 6. The patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 is located above the patient's glottis, inside the mask airway body 1-1, and aligned with the patient end of the laryngeal mask airway 1-2, thus eliminating mechanical dead space. As the telescopic tube assembly 6 gradually shortens, the patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 moves towards the patient's lungs, passes through the patient's glottis, and enters the patient's trachea. When the telescopic tube assembly 6 is shortened to its original state, the patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 reaches the patient's trachea, eliminating all mechanical dead space and part of the physiological dead space.

[0038] During clinical anesthesia induction, connecting tube 5 is connected to the patient end of breathing circuit connector 3-1 and the anesthesia mask respectively. The second Luer connector 5-2 is connected to the gas sampling tube of the monitor. The anesthesia mask covers the patient's mouth and nose. Breathing circuit connector 3-1 is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator through the breathing tubing.

[0039] During anesthesia maintenance, after inserting the laryngeal mask assembly 1, connect the laryngeal mask connector 1-3 to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1. The breathing circuit connector 3-1 is then connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator via a breathing tubing. The third Luer connector 1-14 at the end of the first gas sampling tube 1-12 is connected to the gas sampling tube of the monitor to analyze the composition and concentration of the patient's inhaled or exhaled gas. The first internal connector 3-1-8 and the external connector 3-1-10 on the machine end are connected to the breathing tubing, or alternatively, the second internal connector 3-1-9 and the external connector 3-1-10 on the machine end can be connected to the breathing tubing, which is then connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator. When the breathing tubing is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator, a fiberoptic bronchoscope, a closed suction catheter, or a bronchial occluder can be inserted through the second internal channel 3-1-4 on the machine end.

[0040] During anesthesia maintenance, after the laryngeal mask assembly 1 is inserted into the patient, the inner tube assembly 4 can also be inserted via the laryngeal mask tube 1-2 and the laryngeal mask connector 1-3. The laryngeal mask connector 1-3 and the inner tube connector 4-3 are connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1. The patient end external connector 3-1-7 is connected to the laryngeal mask connector 1-3, and the patient end internal connector 3-1-6 is connected to the inner tube connector 4-3. The machine end first internal connector 3-1-8 and machine end external connector 3-1-10 are connected to the breathing circuit, or the machine end second internal connector 3-1-9 and machine end external connector 3-1-10 can be connected to the breathing circuit. The breathing circuit is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator, which can eliminate mechanical dead space.

[0041] During anesthesia maintenance, after the laryngeal mask assembly 1 is inserted into the patient, and the patient end of the laryngeal mask assembly 1 is connected to the breathing circuit connector assembly 3, the top cap 3-2 of the breathing circuit connector is removed and placed in the first inner connector 3-1-8 on the machine end. The inner tube body 4-1 is inserted through the second inner connector 3-1-9 on the machine end. The inner tube connector 4-3 and the outer connector 3-1-10 on the machine end are respectively connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit. The machine end of the breathing circuit is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator. After the laryngeal mask assembly 1 is connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1, and the inner tube body 4-1 is inserted through the second inner connector 3-1-9 on the machine end, the inner tube connector 4-3 and the outer connector 3-1-10 on the machine end are respectively connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit. The machine end of the breathing circuit is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator. As the inner tube 4-1 is gradually inserted, the mechanical dead space within the airway management system gradually decreases. When the patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 is located inside the mask 1-1 and aligned with the patient end of the laryngeal mask duct 1-2, the mechanical dead space is eliminated. The patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 can then pass through the glottis into the trachea, thereby eliminating all mechanical dead space and part of the physiological dead space.

[0042] During anesthesia maintenance, after the laryngeal mask assembly 1 is inserted, the laryngeal mask connector 1-3 can be connected to the patient end connector 6-2 of the telescopic tube. When the telescopic tube assembly 6 is fully extended, the inner tube assembly 4 can be inserted through the laryngeal mask assembly 1 and the telescopic tube assembly 6. At this time, the patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 is located above the patient's glottis, inside the mask body 1-1, and aligned with the patient end of the laryngeal mask tube 1-2. The patient end external connector 3-1-7 is connected to the telescopic tube machine end connector 6-3, and the patient end internal connector 3-1-6 is connected to the inner tube connector 4-3. The machine end first internal connector 3-1-8 and machine end external connector 3-1-10 are connected to the breathing circuit, or the machine end second internal connector 3-1-9 and machine end external connector 3-1-10 can be connected to the breathing circuit. The breathing circuit is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator, eliminating all mechanical dead space. As the telescopic tube assembly 6 gradually shortens, the patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 moves towards the patient's lungs, passes through the patient's glottis, and enters the patient's trachea. When the telescopic tube assembly 6 is shortened to its original state, the patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 can pass through the glottis and enter the trachea, thereby eliminating all mechanical dead space and part of physiological dead space. The third Luer connector 1-14 at the end of the first gas sampling tube 1-12 connects to the gas sampling tube of the monitor to analyze the composition and concentration of the patient's inhaled or exhaled gas.

[0043] When a standard endotracheal tube is inserted through the laryngeal mask assembly 1, the connector of the standard endotracheal tube is connected to the patient end of the connecting tube 5, and the machine end of the connecting tube 5 is connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1. The second Luer connector 5-2 is connected to the gas sampling tube of the monitor. When the endotracheal tube assembly 2 of the present invention is inserted through the laryngeal mask assembly 1, the inner tube assembly 4 is also simultaneously inserted into the second ventilation chamber 2-6. The endotracheal tube connector 2-3 and the inner tube connector 4-3 are jointly connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1. The fourth Luer connector 2-11 at the end of the second gas sampling tube 2-9 of the endotracheal tube assembly 2 of the present invention is connected to the gas sampling tube of the monitor.

[0044] Example 2, please refer to Figures 3-18a An airway management system includes a laryngeal mask assembly 1, a breathing circuit connector assembly 3, an inner tube assembly 4, a connecting tube 5, and a telescopic tube assembly 6.

[0045] The laryngeal mask assembly 1 includes a mask body 1-1, a laryngeal mask tubing 1-2, a laryngeal mask connector 1-3, a laryngeal mask inflation tubing 1-4, and a laryngeal mask inflation valve 1-5. One end of the laryngeal mask tubing 1-2 is connected to the mask body 1-1, and the other end is connected to the laryngeal mask connector 1-3. The laryngeal mask inflation tubing 1-4 is located outside the laryngeal mask tubing 1-2, with one end connected to the mask body 1-1 for inflation, and the other end connected to the laryngeal mask inflation valve 1-5. The laryngeal mask tubing 1-2 has four chambers: a first ventilation chamber 1-6 for inserting the inner tube body 4-1, a first gas sampling chamber 1-8, a first pharyngeal suction chamber 1-7, and a drainage chamber 1-10. The first ventilation chamber 1-6, the first gas sampling chamber 1-8, the first pharyngeal suction chamber 1-7, and the drainage chamber 1-10 are respectively placed inside the laryngeal mask airway 1-2. The patient ends of the first gas sampling chamber 1-8 and the first pharyngeal suction chamber 1-7 are close to the patient ends of the laryngeal mask airway 1-2. The first gas sampling chamber 1-8 is connected to the first gas sampling tube 1-12, and the first pharyngeal suction chamber 1-7 is connected to the first pharyngeal suction tube 1-13. A third Luer connector 1-14 is connected to one end of the first gas sampling tube 1-12 and the first pharyngeal suction tube 1-13. The third Luer connector 1-14 is connected to a monitor for analyzing the composition and concentration of the patient's inhaled or exhaled gas. The first pharyngeal suction tube 1-13 can be used as a suction channel for the patient's pharyngeal secretions or as a backup gas sampling tube.

[0046] The breathing circuit connector assembly 3 includes a breathing circuit connector 3-1, a breathing circuit connector top cover 3-2, and a first Luer connector 3-3. The breathing circuit connector 3-1 includes a patient end and a machine end. The patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1 includes an inner patient end connector 3-1-6 and an outer patient end connector 3-1-7. The machine end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1 includes a first inner machine end connector 3-1-8, a second inner machine end connector 3-1-9, and an outer machine end connector 3-1-10. The patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1 has an inner patient end channel 3-1-1 and an outer patient end channel 3-1-2, which adopt a coaxial inner and outer dual channel structure. The breathing circuit connector 3-1 has three channels within its machine end: a first internal channel 3-1-3 within the first internal connector 3-1-8, a second internal channel 3-1-4 within the second internal connector 3-1-9, and an external channel 3-1-5 within the external connector 3-1-10. The first internal channel 3-1-3 and the second internal channel 3-1-4 connect to the patient-side internal channel 3-1-1, and the external channel 3-1-5 connects to the patient-side external channel 3-1-2. An openable breathing circuit connector top cover 3-2 is located at the top of the second internal connector 3-1-9, with a first Luer connector 3-3 connected to the middle of the top cover 3-2. In clinical use, the patient-side external connector 3-1-7 connects to the laryngeal mask connector 1-3, the endotracheal tube connector 2-3, or the telescopic tube machine end connector 6-3, and the patient-side internal connector 3-1-6 connects to the inner tube connector 4-3. The first internal connector 3-1-8 and the external connector 3-1-10 on the machine end are connected to the breathing tubing, which is then connected to an anesthesia machine or a ventilator. After removing the top cap 3-2 of the breathing circuit connector, a fiberoptic bronchoscope, a closed suction catheter, or a bronchial occluder can be inserted through the second internal channel 3-1-4 on the machine end. Alternatively, the second internal connector 3-1-9 and the external connector 3-1-10 on the machine end can be connected to the breathing tubing. The top cap 3-2 of the breathing circuit connector can be removed and placed at the first internal connector 3-1-8 on the machine end, and the breathing tubing can then be connected to an anesthesia machine or a ventilator.

[0047] The inner tube assembly 4 includes an inner tube body 4-1 and an inner tube connector 4-3. A third ventilation chamber 4-2 is provided within the inner tube body 4-1. The inner tube assembly 4, a closed suction catheter, or a bronchial occluder can be inserted into the first ventilation chamber 1-6 as needed clinically; alternatively, a closed suction catheter or a bronchial occluder can be inserted into the inner tube body 4-1 after the inner tube assembly 4 is inserted. Multiple symmetrically arranged protrusions 4-4 are located on the axial direction of the outer wall of the inner tube body 4-1. These protrusions 4-4 are used for positioning the first ventilation chamber 1-6 within the inner tube body 4-1 and the laryngeal mask airway 1-2.

[0048] The connecting tube 5 has an unequal diameter structure, including a connecting tube body 5-1 and a second Luer connector 5-2. In clinical use, one end of the connecting tube body 5-1 is connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1, and the other end is connected to the anesthesia mask. The second Luer connector 5-2 is connected to the gas sampling tube of the monitor for use in anesthesia induction. One end of the connecting tube 5 can also be connected to the connector of the ordinary endotracheal tube 2-2, and the other end is connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1. The second Luer connector 5-2 is connected to the gas sampling tube of the monitor for use in intubation treatment via the laryngeal mask assembly 1.

[0049] The telescopic tube assembly 6 includes a telescopic tube body 6-1, a telescopic tube patient-end connector 6-2, and a telescopic tube machine-end connector 6-3. The telescopic tube patient-end connector 6-2 connects to the laryngeal mask airway connector 1-3, and the telescopic tube machine-end connector 6-3 connects to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1. The laryngeal mask airway connector 1-3 can connect to the telescopic tube patient-end connector 6-2. When the telescopic tube assembly 6 is fully extended, the inner tube assembly 4 can be inserted through the laryngeal mask airway assembly 1 and the telescopic tube assembly 6. The patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 is located above the patient's glottis, inside the mask airway body 1-1, and aligned with the patient end of the laryngeal mask airway 1-2, thus eliminating mechanical dead space. As the telescopic tube assembly 6 gradually shortens, the patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 moves towards the patient's lungs, passes through the patient's glottis, and enters the patient's trachea. When the telescopic tube assembly 6 is shortened to its original state, the patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 reaches the patient's trachea, eliminating all mechanical dead space and part of the physiological dead space.

[0050] During clinical anesthesia induction, connecting tube 5 is connected to the patient end of breathing circuit connector 3-1 and the anesthesia mask respectively. The second Luer connector 5-2 is connected to the gas sampling tube of the monitor. The anesthesia mask covers the patient's mouth and nose. Breathing circuit connector 3-1 is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator through the breathing tubing.

[0051] During anesthesia maintenance, after inserting the laryngeal mask assembly 1, connect the laryngeal mask connector 1-3 to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1. The breathing circuit connector 3-1 is then connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator via a breathing tubing. The third Luer connector 1-14 at the end of the first gas sampling tube 1-12 is connected to the gas sampling tube of the monitor to analyze the composition and concentration of the patient's inhaled or exhaled gas. The first internal connector 3-1-8 and the external connector 3-1-10 on the machine end are connected to the breathing tubing, or alternatively, the second internal connector 3-1-9 and the external connector 3-1-10 on the machine end can be connected to the breathing tubing, which is then connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator. When the breathing tubing is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator, a fiberoptic bronchoscope, a closed suction catheter, or a bronchial occluder can be inserted through the second internal channel 3-1-4 on the machine end.

[0052] During anesthesia maintenance, after the laryngeal mask assembly 1 is inserted into the patient, the inner tube assembly 4 can also be inserted via the laryngeal mask tube 1-2 and the laryngeal mask connector 1-3. The laryngeal mask connector 1-3 and the inner tube connector 4-3 are connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1. The patient end external connector 3-1-7 is connected to the laryngeal mask connector 1-3, and the patient end internal connector 3-1-6 is connected to the inner tube connector 4-3. The machine end first internal connector 3-1-8 and machine end external connector 3-1-10 are connected to the breathing circuit, or the machine end second internal connector 3-1-9 and machine end external connector 3-1-10 can be connected to the breathing circuit. The breathing circuit is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator, which can eliminate mechanical dead space.

[0053] During anesthesia maintenance, after the laryngeal mask assembly 1 is inserted into the patient, and the patient end of the laryngeal mask assembly 1 is connected to the breathing circuit connector assembly 3, the top cap 3-2 of the breathing circuit connector is removed and placed in the first inner connector 3-1-8 on the machine end. The inner tube body 4-1 is inserted through the second inner connector 3-1-9 on the machine end. The inner tube connector 4-3 and the outer connector 3-1-10 on the machine end are respectively connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit. The machine end of the breathing circuit is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator. After the laryngeal mask assembly 1 is connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1, and the inner tube body 4-1 is inserted through the second inner connector 3-1-9 on the machine end, the inner tube connector 4-3 and the outer connector 3-1-10 on the machine end are respectively connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit. The machine end of the breathing circuit is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator. As the inner tube 4-1 is gradually inserted, the mechanical dead space within the airway management system gradually decreases. When the patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 is located inside the mask 1-1 and aligned with the patient end of the laryngeal mask duct 1-2, the mechanical dead space is eliminated. The patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 can then pass through the glottis into the trachea, thereby eliminating all mechanical dead space and part of the physiological dead space.

[0054] During anesthesia maintenance, after the laryngeal mask assembly 1 is inserted, the laryngeal mask connector 1-3 can be connected to the patient end connector 6-2 of the telescopic tube. When the telescopic tube assembly 6 is fully extended, the inner tube assembly 4 can be inserted through the laryngeal mask assembly 1 and the telescopic tube assembly 6. At this time, the patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 is located above the patient's glottis, inside the mask body 1-1, and aligned with the patient end of the laryngeal mask tube 1-2. The patient end external connector 3-1-7 is connected to the telescopic tube machine end connector 6-3, and the patient end internal connector 3-1-6 is connected to the inner tube connector 4-3. The machine end first internal connector 3-1-8 and machine end external connector 3-1-10 are connected to the breathing circuit, or the machine end second internal connector 3-1-9 and machine end external connector 3-1-10 can be connected to the breathing circuit. The breathing circuit is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator, eliminating all mechanical dead space. As the telescopic tube assembly 6 gradually shortens, the patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 moves towards the patient's lungs, passes through the patient's glottis, and enters the patient's trachea. When the telescopic tube assembly 6 is shortened to its original state, the patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 can pass through the glottis and enter the trachea, thereby eliminating all mechanical dead space and part of physiological dead space. The third Luer connector 1-14 at the end of the first gas sampling tube 1-12 connects to the gas sampling tube of the monitor to analyze the composition and concentration of the patient's inhaled or exhaled gas.

[0055] During anesthesia maintenance, after the laryngeal mask assembly 1 is inserted into the patient, the drainage cavity 1-10 of the laryngeal mask assembly 1 is connected to the patient's esophageal opening for drainage of the patient's gastric contents. A gastric tube can be inserted along the drainage cavity 1-10.

[0056] When a standard endotracheal tube 2-2 is inserted through the laryngeal mask assembly 1, the connector of the endotracheal tube 2-2 is connected to the patient end of the connecting tube 5, and the machine end of the connecting tube 5 is connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1. The second Luer connector 5-2 is connected to the gas sampling tube of the monitor. When the endotracheal tube assembly 2 of the present invention is inserted through the laryngeal mask assembly 1, the inner tube assembly 4 is also simultaneously inserted into the second ventilation chamber 2-6. The endotracheal tube connector 2-3 and the inner tube connector 4-3 are jointly connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1. The fourth Luer connector 2-11 at the end of the second gas sampling tube 2-9 of the endotracheal tube assembly 2 of the present invention is connected to the gas sampling tube of the monitor.

[0057] Example 3, please refer to Figures 3-17a , Figures 19-19a An airway management system includes a laryngeal mask assembly 1, a breathing circuit connector assembly 3, an inner tube assembly 4, a connecting tube 5, and a telescopic tube assembly 6.

[0058] The laryngeal mask assembly 1 includes a mask body 1-1, a laryngeal mask tubing 1-2, a laryngeal mask connector 1-3, a laryngeal mask inflation tubing 1-4, and a laryngeal mask inflation valve 1-5. One end of the laryngeal mask tubing 1-2 is connected to the mask body 1-1, and the other end is connected to the laryngeal mask connector 1-3. The laryngeal mask inflation tubing 1-4 is located outside the laryngeal mask tubing 1-2, with one end connected to the mask body 1-1 for inflation, and the other end connected to the laryngeal mask inflation valve 1-5. The laryngeal mask tubing 1-2 has six cavities: a first ventilation cavity 1-6 for inserting the inner tube body 4-1, a first gas sampling cavity 1-8, a first pharyngeal suction cavity 1-7, a video element cavity 1-9, a drainage cavity 1-10, and a reserved cavity 1-11. The first ventilation cavity 1-6 is located at the center of the laryngeal mask tubing 1-2 to facilitate the insertion of the inner tube assembly 4. The first gas sampling chamber 1-8, the first pharyngeal suction chamber 1-7, the video element chamber 1-9, the drainage chamber 1-10, and the spare reserved chamber 1-11 are respectively placed inside the laryngeal mask airway 1-2. The patient ends of the first gas sampling chamber 1-8 and the first pharyngeal suction chamber 1-7 are close to the patient ends of the laryngeal mask airway 1-2. The first gas sampling chamber 1-8 is connected to the first gas sampling tube 1-12, and the first pharyngeal suction chamber 1-7 is connected to the first pharyngeal suction tube 1-13. A third Luer connector 1-14 is connected to one end of the first gas sampling tube 1-12 and the first pharyngeal suction tube 1-13. The third Luer connector 1-14 is connected to a monitor for analyzing the composition and concentration of the patient's inhaled or exhaled gas. The first pharyngeal suction tube 1-13 can be used as a suction channel for the patient's pharyngeal secretions or as a spare gas sampling tube.

[0059] The breathing circuit connector assembly 3 includes a breathing circuit connector 3-1, a breathing circuit connector top cover 3-2, and a first Luer connector 3-3. The breathing circuit connector 3-1 includes a patient end and a machine end. The patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1 includes an inner patient end connector 3-1-6 and an outer patient end connector 3-1-7. The machine end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1 includes a first inner machine end connector 3-1-8, a second inner machine end connector 3-1-9, and an outer machine end connector 3-1-10. The patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1 has an inner patient end channel 3-1-1 and an outer patient end channel 3-1-2, which adopt a coaxial inner and outer dual channel structure. The breathing circuit connector 3-1 has three channels within its machine end: a first internal channel 3-1-3 within the first internal connector 3-1-8, a second internal channel 3-1-4 within the second internal connector 3-1-9, and an external channel 3-1-5 within the external connector 3-1-10. The first internal channel 3-1-3 and the second internal channel 3-1-4 connect to the patient-side internal channel 3-1-1, and the external channel 3-1-5 connects to the patient-side external channel 3-1-2. An openable breathing circuit connector top cover 3-2 is located at the top of the second internal connector 3-1-9, with a first Luer connector 3-3 connected to the middle of the top cover 3-2. In clinical use, the patient-side external connector 3-1-7 connects to the laryngeal mask connector 1-3, the endotracheal tube connector 2-3, or the telescopic tube machine end connector 6-3, and the patient-side internal connector 3-1-6 connects to the inner tube connector 4-3. The first internal connector 3-1-8 and the external connector 3-1-10 on the machine end are connected to the breathing tubing, which is then connected to an anesthesia machine or a ventilator. After removing the top cap 3-2 of the breathing circuit connector, a fiberoptic bronchoscope, a closed suction catheter, or a bronchial occluder can be inserted through the second internal channel 3-1-4 on the machine end. Alternatively, the second internal connector 3-1-9 and the external connector 3-1-10 on the machine end can be connected to the breathing tubing. The top cap 3-2 of the breathing circuit connector can be removed and placed at the first internal connector 3-1-8 on the machine end, and the breathing tubing can then be connected to an anesthesia machine or a ventilator.

[0060] The inner tube assembly 4 includes an inner tube body 4-1 and an inner tube connector 4-3. A third ventilation chamber 4-2 is provided within the inner tube body 4-1. The inner tube assembly 4, a closed suction catheter, or a bronchial occluder can be inserted into the first ventilation chamber 1-6 as needed clinically; alternatively, a closed suction catheter or a bronchial occluder can be inserted into the inner tube body 4-1 after the inner tube assembly 4 is inserted. Multiple symmetrically arranged protrusions 4-4 are located on the axial direction of the outer wall of the inner tube body 4-1. These protrusions 4-4 are used for positioning the first ventilation chamber 1-6 within the inner tube body 4-1 and the laryngeal mask airway 1-2.

[0061] The connecting tube 5 has an unequal diameter structure, including a connecting tube body 5-1 and a second Luer connector 5-2. In clinical use, one end of the connecting tube body 5-1 is connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1, and the other end is connected to the anesthesia mask. The second Luer connector 5-2 is connected to the gas sampling tube of the monitor for use in anesthesia induction. One end of the connecting tube 5 can also be connected to the connector of the ordinary endotracheal tube 2-2, and the other end is connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1. The second Luer connector 5-2 is connected to the gas sampling tube of the monitor for use in intubation treatment via the laryngeal mask assembly 1.

[0062] The telescopic tube assembly 6 includes a telescopic tube body 6-1, a telescopic tube patient-end connector 6-2, and a telescopic tube machine-end connector 6-3. The telescopic tube patient-end connector 6-2 connects to the laryngeal mask airway connector 1-3, and the telescopic tube machine-end connector 6-3 connects to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1. The laryngeal mask airway connector 1-3 can connect to the telescopic tube patient-end connector 6-2. When the telescopic tube assembly 6 is fully extended, the inner tube assembly 4 can be inserted through the laryngeal mask airway assembly 1 and the telescopic tube assembly 6. The patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 is located above the patient's glottis, inside the mask airway body 1-1, and aligned with the patient end of the laryngeal mask airway 1-2, thus eliminating mechanical dead space. As the telescopic tube assembly 6 gradually shortens, the patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 moves towards the patient's lungs, passes through the patient's glottis, and enters the patient's trachea. When the telescopic tube assembly 6 is shortened to its original state, the patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 reaches the patient's trachea, eliminating all mechanical dead space and part of the physiological dead space.

[0063] During clinical anesthesia induction, connecting tube 5 is connected to the patient end of breathing circuit connector 3-1 and the anesthesia mask respectively. The second Luer connector 5-2 is connected to the gas sampling tube of the monitor. The anesthesia mask covers the patient's mouth and nose. Breathing circuit connector 3-1 is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator through the breathing tubing.

[0064] During anesthesia maintenance, after inserting the laryngeal mask assembly 1, connect the laryngeal mask connector 1-3 to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1. The breathing circuit connector 3-1 is then connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator via a breathing tubing. The third Luer connector 1-14 at the end of the first gas sampling tube 1-12 is connected to the gas sampling tube of the monitor to analyze the composition and concentration of the patient's inhaled or exhaled gas. The first internal connector 3-1-8 and the external connector 3-1-10 on the machine end are connected to the breathing tubing, or alternatively, the second internal connector 3-1-9 and the external connector 3-1-10 on the machine end can be connected to the breathing tubing, which is then connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator. When the breathing tubing is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator, a fiberoptic bronchoscope, a closed suction catheter, or a bronchial occluder can be inserted through the second internal channel 3-1-4 on the machine end.

[0065] During anesthesia maintenance, after the laryngeal mask assembly 1 is inserted into the patient, the inner tube assembly 4 can also be inserted via the laryngeal mask tube 1-2 and the laryngeal mask connector 1-3. The laryngeal mask connector 1-3 and the inner tube connector 4-3 are connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1. The patient end external connector 3-1-7 is connected to the laryngeal mask connector 1-3, and the patient end internal connector 3-1-6 is connected to the inner tube connector 4-3. The machine end first internal connector 3-1-8 and machine end external connector 3-1-10 are connected to the breathing circuit, or the machine end second internal connector 3-1-9 and machine end external connector 3-1-10 can be connected to the breathing circuit. The breathing circuit is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator, which can eliminate mechanical dead space.

[0066] During anesthesia maintenance, after the laryngeal mask assembly 1 is inserted into the patient, and the patient end of the laryngeal mask assembly 1 is connected to the breathing circuit connector assembly 3, the top cap 3-2 of the breathing circuit connector is removed and placed in the first inner connector 3-1-8 on the machine end. The inner tube body 4-1 is inserted through the second inner connector 3-1-9 on the machine end. The inner tube connector 4-3 and the outer connector 3-1-10 on the machine end are respectively connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit. The machine end of the breathing circuit is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator. After the laryngeal mask assembly 1 is connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1, and the inner tube body 4-1 is inserted through the second inner connector 3-1-9 on the machine end, the inner tube connector 4-3 and the outer connector 3-1-10 on the machine end are respectively connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit. The machine end of the breathing circuit is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator. As the inner tube 4-1 is gradually inserted, the mechanical dead space within the airway management system gradually decreases. When the patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 is located inside the mask 1-1 and aligned with the patient end of the laryngeal mask duct 1-2, the mechanical dead space is eliminated. The patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 can then pass through the glottis into the trachea, thereby eliminating all mechanical dead space and part of the physiological dead space.

[0067] During anesthesia maintenance, after the laryngeal mask assembly 1 is inserted, the laryngeal mask connector 1-3 can be connected to the patient end connector 6-2 of the telescopic tube. When the telescopic tube assembly 6 is fully extended, the inner tube assembly 4 can be inserted through the laryngeal mask assembly 1 and the telescopic tube assembly 6. At this time, the patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 is located above the patient's glottis, inside the mask body 1-1, and aligned with the patient end of the laryngeal mask tube 1-2. The patient end external connector 3-1-7 is connected to the telescopic tube machine end connector 6-3, and the patient end internal connector 3-1-6 is connected to the inner tube connector 4-3. The machine end first internal connector 3-1-8 and machine end external connector 3-1-10 are connected to the breathing circuit, or the machine end second internal connector 3-1-9 and machine end external connector 3-1-10 can be connected to the breathing circuit. The breathing circuit is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator, eliminating all mechanical dead space. As the telescopic tube assembly 6 gradually shortens, the patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 moves towards the patient's lungs, passes through the patient's glottis, and enters the patient's trachea. When the telescopic tube assembly 6 is shortened to its original state, the patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 can pass through the glottis and enter the trachea, thereby eliminating all mechanical dead space and part of physiological dead space. The third Luer connector 1-14 at the end of the first gas sampling tube 1-12 connects to the gas sampling tube of the monitor to analyze the composition and concentration of the patient's inhaled or exhaled gas.

[0068] During anesthesia maintenance, after the laryngeal mask assembly 1 is inserted into the patient, the drainage cavity 1-10 of the laryngeal mask assembly 1 is connected to the patient's esophageal opening for drainage of the patient's gastric contents. A gastric tube can be inserted along the drainage cavity 1-10.

[0069] When a standard endotracheal tube 2-2 is inserted through the laryngeal mask assembly 1, the connector of the endotracheal tube 2-2 is connected to the patient end of the connecting tube 5, and the machine end of the connecting tube 5 is connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1. The second Luer connector 5-2 is connected to the gas sampling tube of the monitor. When the endotracheal tube assembly 2 of the present invention is inserted through the laryngeal mask assembly 1, the inner tube assembly 4 is also simultaneously inserted into the second ventilation chamber 2-6. The endotracheal tube connector 2-3 and the inner tube connector 4-3 are jointly connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1. The fourth Luer connector 2-11 at the end of the second gas sampling tube 2-9 of the endotracheal tube assembly 2 of the present invention is connected to the gas sampling tube of the monitor.

[0070] During anesthesia maintenance, after the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) assembly 1 is inserted, a video element can be inserted through the video element cavity 1-9 of the LMA assembly 1 and connected to a monitor. This allows observation of the position of the LMA assembly 1 mask body 1-1, the state of the glottis, and the condition of pharyngeal secretions, enabling appropriate intervention. When the patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 moves towards the patient's lungs, it can pass through the glottis into the trachea under video monitoring guidance, avoiding glottic and tracheal injury. When inserting the endotracheal tube 2-2 through the LMA assembly 1, this can be done under video monitoring guidance to avoid glottic and tracheal injury. The patient end of the video element cavity 1-9 of the LMA assembly 1 can be cleaned through the spare reserved cavity 1-11 to maintain its clarity and transparency.

[0071] Example 4, please refer to Figures 3-8a , Figures 20-22 An airway management system includes an endotracheal tube assembly 2, a breathing circuit connector assembly 3, an inner tube assembly 4, and a connecting tube 5.

[0072] The endotracheal tube assembly 2 includes a cuff 2-1, an endotracheal tube 2-2, an endotracheal tube connector 2-3, a cuff inflation tube 2-4, and a cuff inflation valve 2-5. The endotracheal tube 2-2 has four cavities: a second ventilation cavity 2-6, a second pharyngeal suction cavity 2-7, a cuff inflation cavity 2-12, and a second gas sampling cavity 2-8. The inner diameter of the second ventilation cavity 2-6 is equal in all segments of the cavity. The patient ends of the second gas sampling cavity 2-8 and the second pharyngeal suction cavity 2-7 are located close to the patient end of the endotracheal tube 2-2. The machine end of the cuff inflation cavity 2-12 is connected to the cuff inflation tube 2-4, and the cuff inflation tube 2-4 is connected to the cuff inflation valve 2-5. The second ventilation cavity 2-6 is located in the center of the endotracheal tube 2-2 to facilitate the insertion of the inner tube assembly 4. The second gas sampling chamber 2-8 and the second pharyngeal suction chamber 2-7 are respectively placed inside the endotracheal tube 2-2. The second pharyngeal suction chamber 2-7 is connected to the second pharyngeal suction tube 2-10, and the second gas sampling chamber 2-8 is connected to the second gas sampling tube 2-9. The machine ends of the second pharyngeal suction tube 2-10 and the second gas sampling tube 2-9 are connected to the fourth Luer connector 2-11. The fourth Luer connector 2-11 is connected to a monitor for analyzing the composition and concentration of the patient's inhaled or exhaled gas. The second pharyngeal suction tube 2-10 can be used as a suction channel for the patient's pharyngeal secretions or as a backup gas sampling tube.

[0073] The breathing circuit connector assembly 3 includes a breathing circuit connector 3-1, a breathing circuit connector top cover 3-2, and a first Luer connector 3-3. The breathing circuit connector 3-1 includes a patient end and a machine end. The patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1 includes an inner patient end connector 3-1-6 and an outer patient end connector 3-1-7. The machine end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1 includes a first inner machine end connector 3-1-8, a second inner machine end connector 3-1-9, and an outer machine end connector 3-1-10. The patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1 has an inner patient end channel 3-1-1 and an outer patient end channel 3-1-2, which adopt a coaxial inner and outer dual channel structure. The breathing circuit connector 3-1 has three channels within its machine end: a first internal channel 3-1-3 within the first internal connector 3-1-8, a second internal channel 3-1-4 within the second internal connector 3-1-9, and an external channel 3-1-5 within the external connector 3-1-10. The first internal channel 3-1-3 and the second internal channel 3-1-4 connect to the patient-side internal channel 3-1-1, and the external channel 3-1-5 connects to the patient-side external channel 3-1-2. An openable breathing circuit connector top cover 3-2 is located at the top of the second internal connector 3-1-9, with a first Luer connector 3-3 connected to the middle of the top cover 3-2. In clinical use, the patient-side external connector 3-1-7 connects to the laryngeal mask connector 1-3, the endotracheal tube connector 2-3, or the telescopic tube machine end connector 6-3, and the patient-side internal connector 3-1-6 connects to the inner tube connector 4-3. The first internal connector 3-1-8 and the external connector 3-1-10 on the machine end are connected to the breathing tubing, which is then connected to an anesthesia machine or a ventilator. After removing the top cap 3-2 of the breathing circuit connector, a fiberoptic bronchoscope, a closed suction catheter, or a bronchial occluder can be inserted through the second internal channel 3-1-4 on the machine end. Alternatively, the second internal connector 3-1-9 and the external connector 3-1-10 on the machine end can be connected to the breathing tubing. The top cap 3-2 of the breathing circuit connector can be removed and placed at the first internal connector 3-1-8 on the machine end, and the breathing tubing can then be connected to an anesthesia machine or a ventilator.

[0074] The inner tube assembly 4 includes an inner tube body 4-1 and an inner tube connector 4-3. A third ventilation chamber 4-2 is provided within the inner tube body 4-1. The inner tube assembly 4, a closed suction catheter, or a bronchial occluder can be inserted into the second ventilation chamber 2-6 as needed clinically; alternatively, a closed suction catheter or a bronchial occluder can be inserted into the inner tube body 4-1 after the inner tube assembly 4 is inserted. Multiple symmetrically arranged protrusions 4-4 are located on the axial direction of the outer wall of the inner tube body 4-1. These protrusions 4-4 are used for positioning the second ventilation chamber 2-6 within the inner tube body 4-1 and the endotracheal tube 2-2.

[0075] The connecting tube 5 has an unequal diameter structure, including the connecting tube body 5-1 and the second Luer connector 5-2. In clinical use, one end of the connecting tube body 5-1 is connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1, and the other end is connected to the anesthesia mask. The second Luer connector 5-2 is connected to the gas sampling tube of the monitor for use in anesthesia induction.

[0076] During clinical anesthesia induction, connecting tube 5 is connected to the patient end of breathing circuit connector 3-1 and the anesthesia mask respectively. The second Luer connector 5-2 is connected to the gas sampling tube of the monitor. The anesthesia mask covers the patient's mouth and nose. Breathing circuit connector 3-1 is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator through the breathing tubing.

[0077] During anesthesia maintenance, after inserting the endotracheal tube assembly 2, connect the endotracheal tube connector 2-3 to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1. The machine end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1 is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator via a breathing tubing. The fourth Luer connector 2-11 of the second gas sampling tube 2-9 of the endotracheal tube assembly 2 is connected to the gas sampling tube of the monitor to analyze the composition and concentration of the patient's inhaled or exhaled gases. The first inner connector 3-1-8 and the outer connector 3-1-10 of the machine end are connected to the breathing tubing, or alternatively, the second inner connector 3-1-9 and the outer connector 3-1-10 of the machine end can be connected to the breathing tubing, which is then connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator. When the breathing tubing is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator via the first inner connector 3-1-8 and the outer connector 3-1-10 of the machine end, a fiberoptic bronchoscope, a closed suction catheter, or a bronchial occluder can be inserted through the second inner channel 3-1-4 of the machine end.

[0078] During anesthesia maintenance, after the endotracheal tube assembly 2 is inserted, the inner tube assembly 4 can also be inserted via endotracheal tube 2-2 and endotracheal tube connector 2-3. The patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 is aligned with the patient end of the endotracheal tube 2-2. The endotracheal tube connector 2-3 and the inner tube connector 4-3 are connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1. The patient end external connector 3-1-7 is connected to the endotracheal tube connector 2-3, and the patient end internal connector 3-1-6 is connected to the inner tube connector 4-3. The machine end first internal connector 3-1-8 and machine end external connector 3-1-10 are connected to the breathing circuit, or the machine end second internal connector 3-1-9 and machine end external connector 3-1-10 can be connected to the breathing circuit. The breathing circuit is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator, eliminating all mechanical dead space. The fourth Luer connector 2-11 at the end of the second gas sampling tube 2-9 of the endotracheal tube assembly 2 is connected to the monitor's gas sampling tube to analyze the composition and concentration of the patient's inhaled or exhaled gas.

[0079] During anesthesia maintenance, after the endotracheal tube assembly 2 is inserted into the patient, the endotracheal tube connector 2-3 is connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector assembly 3. The top cap 3-2 of the breathing circuit connector is then removed and placed in the first inner connector 3-1-8 on the machine end. The inner tube body 4-1 is inserted through the second inner connector 3-1-9 on the machine end. The inner tube connector 4-3 and the outer connector 3-1-10 on the machine end are respectively connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit. The machine end of the breathing circuit is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator. The endotracheal tube connector 2-3 is connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1, and the inner tube body 4-1 is inserted through the second inner channel 3-1-4 on the machine end. The inner tube connector 4-3 and the outer connector 3-1-10 on the machine end are respectively connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit. The machine end of the breathing circuit is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator. As the inner tube body 4-1 is gradually inserted, the mechanical dead space within the airway management system gradually decreases. When the patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 and the patient end of the endotracheal tube 2-2 are aligned, all mechanical dead space is eliminated. The patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 can be further inserted into the trachea, thereby eliminating all mechanical dead space plus part of physiological dead space.

[0080] Example 5, please refer to Figures 3-8a , Figures 23-25 , An airway management system includes an endotracheal tube assembly 2, a breathing circuit connector assembly 3, an inner tube assembly 4, and a connecting tube 5.

[0081] The endotracheal tube assembly 2 includes a cuff 2-1, an endotracheal tube 2-2, an endotracheal tube connector 2-3, a cuff inflation tube 2-4, and a cuff inflation valve 2-5. The endotracheal tube 2-2 has four cavities: a second ventilation cavity 2-6, a second pharyngeal suction cavity 2-7, a cuff inflation cavity 2-12, and a second gas sampling cavity 2-8. The second ventilation cavity 2-6 is designed with a smaller inner diameter in the subglottic section than in the supraglottic section. The patient ends of the second gas sampling cavity 2-8 and the second pharyngeal suction cavity 2-7 are located close to the patient end of the endotracheal tube 2-2. The machine end of the cuff inflation cavity 2-12 is connected to the cuff inflation tube 2-4, which is connected to the cuff inflation valve 2-5. The second ventilation cavity 2-6 is located in the center of the endotracheal tube 2-2 to facilitate the insertion of the inner tube assembly 4. The second gas sampling chamber 2-8 and the second pharyngeal suction chamber 2-7 are respectively placed inside the endotracheal tube 2-2. The second pharyngeal suction chamber 2-7 is connected to the second pharyngeal suction tube 2-10, and the second gas sampling chamber 2-8 is connected to the second gas sampling tube 2-9. The fourth Luer connector 2-11 is connected to the second pharyngeal suction tube 2-10 and the second gas sampling tube 2-9. The fourth Luer connector 2-11 is connected to a monitor for analyzing the composition and concentration of the patient's inhaled and exhaled gases. The second pharyngeal suction tube 2-10 can be used as a suction channel for the patient's pharyngeal secretions or as a backup gas sampling tube.

[0082] The breathing circuit connector assembly 3 includes a breathing circuit connector 3-1, a breathing circuit connector top cover 3-2, and a first Luer connector 3-3. The breathing circuit connector 3-1 includes a patient end and a machine end. The patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1 includes an inner patient end connector 3-1-6 and an outer patient end connector 3-1-7. The machine end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1 includes a first inner machine end connector 3-1-8, a second inner machine end connector 3-1-9, and an outer machine end connector 3-1-10. The patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1 has an inner patient end channel 3-1-1 and an outer patient end channel 3-1-2, which adopt a coaxial inner and outer dual channel structure. The breathing circuit connector 3-1 has three channels within its machine end: a first internal channel 3-1-3 within the first internal connector 3-1-8, a second internal channel 3-1-4 within the second internal connector 3-1-9, and an external channel 3-1-5 within the external connector 3-1-10. The first internal channel 3-1-3 and the second internal channel 3-1-4 connect to the patient-side internal channel 3-1-1, and the external channel 3-1-5 connects to the patient-side external channel 3-1-2. An openable breathing circuit connector top cover 3-2 is located at the top of the second internal connector 3-1-9, with a first Luer connector 3-3 connected to the middle of the top cover 3-2. In clinical use, the patient-side external connector 3-1-7 connects to the laryngeal mask connector 1-3, the endotracheal tube connector 2-3, or the telescopic tube machine end connector 6-3, and the patient-side internal connector 3-1-6 connects to the inner tube connector 4-3. The first internal connector 3-1-8 and the external connector 3-1-10 on the machine end are connected to the breathing tubing, which is then connected to an anesthesia machine or a ventilator. After removing the top cap 3-2 of the breathing circuit connector, a fiberoptic bronchoscope, a closed suction catheter, or a bronchial occluder can be inserted through the second internal channel 3-1-4 on the machine end. Alternatively, the second internal connector 3-1-9 and the external connector 3-1-10 on the machine end can be connected to the breathing tubing. The top cap 3-2 of the breathing circuit connector can be removed and placed at the first internal connector 3-1-8 on the machine end, and the breathing tubing can then be connected to an anesthesia machine or a ventilator.

[0083] The inner tube assembly 4 includes an inner tube body 4-1 and an inner tube connector 4-3. A third ventilation chamber 4-2 is provided within the inner tube body 4-1. The inner tube assembly 4, a closed suction catheter, or a bronchial occluder can be inserted into the second ventilation chamber 2-6 as needed clinically; alternatively, a closed suction catheter or a bronchial occluder can be inserted into the inner tube body 4-1 after the inner tube assembly 4 is inserted. Multiple symmetrically arranged protrusions 4-4 are located on the axial direction of the outer wall of the inner tube body 4-1. These protrusions 4-4 are used for positioning the second ventilation chamber 2-6 within the inner tube body 4-1 and the endotracheal tube 2-2.

[0084] The connecting tube 5 has an unequal diameter structure, including the connecting tube body 5-1 and the second Luer connector 5-2. In clinical use, one end of the connecting tube body 5-1 is connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1, and the other end is connected to the anesthesia mask. The second Luer connector 5-2 is connected to the gas sampling tube of the monitor for use in anesthesia induction.

[0085] During clinical anesthesia induction, connecting tube 5 is connected to the patient end of breathing circuit connector 3-1 and the anesthesia mask respectively. The second Luer connector 5-2 is connected to the gas sampling tube of the monitor. The anesthesia mask covers the patient's mouth and nose. Breathing circuit connector 3-1 is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator through the breathing tubing.

[0086] During anesthesia maintenance, after inserting the endotracheal tube assembly 2, connect the endotracheal tube connector 2-3 to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1. The machine end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1 is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator via a breathing tubing. The fourth Luer connector 2-11 of the second gas sampling tube 2-9 of the endotracheal tube assembly 2 is connected to the gas sampling tube of the monitor to analyze the composition and concentration of the patient's inhaled or exhaled gases. The first internal connector 3-1-8 and the external connector 3-1-10 of the machine end are connected to the breathing tubing, or alternatively, the second internal connector 3-1-9 and the external connector 3-1-10 of the machine end can be connected to the breathing tubing, which is then connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator. When the breathing tubing is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator, a fiberoptic bronchoscope, a closed suction catheter, or a bronchial occluder can be inserted through the second internal channel 3-1-4 of the machine end.

[0087] During anesthesia maintenance, after the endotracheal tube assembly 2 is inserted, the inner tube assembly 4 can also be inserted via endotracheal tube 2-2 and endotracheal tube connector 2-3. The patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 is located at the patient end of the larger portion of the inner diameter of the endotracheal tube 2-2. The endotracheal tube connector 2-3 and the inner tube connector 4-3 are connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1. The patient end external connector 3-1-7 connects to the endotracheal tube connector 2-3, and the patient end internal connector 3-1-6 connects to the inner tube connector 4-3. The machine end first internal connector 3-1-8 and machine end external connector 3-1-10 connect to the breathing circuit, or the machine end second internal connector 3-1-9 and machine end external connector 3-1-10 can connect to the breathing circuit. The breathing circuit connects to the anesthesia machine or ventilator, which can eliminate part of the mechanical dead space. The fourth Luer connector 2-11 at the end of the second gas sampling tube 2-9 of the endotracheal tube assembly 2 connects to the gas sampling tube of the monitor to analyze the composition and concentration of the patient's inhaled or exhaled gas.

[0088] During anesthesia maintenance, after the endotracheal tube assembly 2 is inserted into the patient, the endotracheal tube connector 2-3 is connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector assembly 3. The top cap 3-2 of the breathing circuit connector is then removed and placed in the first inner connector 3-1-8 on the machine end. The inner tube body 4-1 is inserted through the second inner connector 3-1-9 on the machine end. The inner tube connector 4-3 and the outer connector 3-1-10 on the machine end are respectively connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit. The machine end of the breathing circuit is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator. The endotracheal tube connector 2-3 is connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit connector 3-1, and the inner tube body 4-1 is inserted through the second inner channel 3-1-4 on the machine end. The inner tube connector 4-3 and the outer connector 3-1-10 on the machine end are respectively connected to the patient end of the breathing circuit. The machine end of the breathing circuit is connected to the anesthesia machine or ventilator. As the inner tube body 4-1 is gradually inserted, the mechanical dead space within the airway management system gradually decreases. When the patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 is located at the patient end of the larger portion of the inner diameter of the endotracheal tube 2-2, part of the mechanical dead space is eliminated.

[0089] The endotracheal tube 2-2 and endotracheal tube connector 2-3, or laryngeal mask airway 1-2 and laryngeal mask airway connector 1-3 of the present invention have a larger inner diameter than existing products. When the patient's spontaneous tidal volume is large, the artificial airway resistance is lower than that of existing products. The present invention allows insertion of the inner tube assembly 4 via the endotracheal tube 2-2 and endotracheal tube connector 2-3, or laryngeal mask airway 1-2 and laryngeal mask airway connector 1-3, thus reducing or even eliminating mechanical dead space. After insertion of the inner tube assembly 4, the third ventilation chamber 4-2 and the second ventilation chamber 2-6, and the third ventilation chamber 4-2 and the first ventilation chamber 1-6 respectively form the inspiratory and expiratory chambers, which are interchangeable. The choice of which chamber is the inspiratory or expiratory chamber can be determined according to clinical needs. The patient end of the gas sampling chamber is closer to the alveoli and is not affected by dead space gas, resulting in more sensitive and accurate sampling and analysis. The laryngeal mask airway connectors 1-3 can be connected to the patient end of the telescopic tube assembly 6. When the telescopic tube assembly 6 is extended to its fully open state, the inner tube assembly 4 can be inserted through the laryngeal mask airway assembly 1 and the telescopic tube assembly 6, thus eliminating mechanical dead space. As the telescopic tube assembly 6 gradually shortens, the patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 moves towards the patient's lungs, passes through the patient's glottis, and enters the patient's trachea. When the telescopic tube assembly 6 is shortened to its original state, the patient end of the inner tube assembly 4 reaches the patient's trachea, eliminating all mechanical dead space and part of the physiological dead space.

[0090] The embodiments described in the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. An airway management system, comprising a laryngeal mask assembly (1) or an endotracheal tube assembly (2), wherein the laryngeal mask assembly (1) comprises a mask body (1-1), a laryngeal mask tube (1-2), a laryngeal mask connector (1-3), a laryngeal mask inflation tube (1-4), and a laryngeal mask inflation valve (1-5); and the endotracheal tube assembly (2) comprises an air cuff (2-1), an endotracheal tube (2-2), an endotracheal tube connector (2-3), an air cuff inflation tube (2-4), and an air cuff inflation valve (2-5). Its features are: The airway management system also includes a breathing circuit connector assembly (3), a telescopic tube assembly (6), a connecting tube (5), and an inner tube assembly (4). The breathing circuit connector assembly (3) includes a breathing circuit connector (3-1), a breathing circuit connector top cap (3-2), and a first Luer connector (3-3). The inner tube assembly (4) includes an inner tube body (4-1) and an inner tube connector (4-3), and a third ventilation chamber (4-2) is provided in the inner tube body (4-1); the patient end of the inner tube assembly (4) is configured to be located inside the mask body (1-1) and aligned with the patient end of the laryngeal mask airway (1-2); One end of the laryngeal mask airway (1-2) is connected to the mask body (1-1). The laryngeal mask airway (1-2) has at least three cavities, namely a first ventilation cavity (1-6), a first gas sampling cavity (1-8), and a first pharyngeal suction cavity (1-7). The first ventilation cavity (1-6) is used to insert the inner tube assembly (4). The patient end of the inner tube assembly (4) can also pass through the patient's glottis and enter the patient's trachea. After the inner tube assembly (4) is inserted, one of the third ventilation cavity (4-2) and the first ventilation cavity (1-6) forms an inspiratory cavity, and the other forms an expiratory cavity. The endotracheal tube (2-2) has four cavities: a second ventilation cavity (2-6), a second pharyngeal suction cavity (2-7), a second gas sampling cavity (2-8), and a cuff inflation cavity (2-12). The inner diameter of the endotracheal tube (2-2) is equal in all segments of the cavity or designed such that the inner diameter of the segment below the patient's glottis is smaller than that of the segment above the patient's glottis. The second ventilation cavity (2-6) is used to insert the inner tube assembly (4). The inner diameter of the second ventilation cavity (2-6) is equal in all segments of the cavity. The patient end of the inner tube assembly (4) is configured to connect with the endotracheal tube. The patient end of the catheter (2-2) is aligned, and the patient end of the inner tube assembly (4) can also pass through the patient end of the endotracheal tube (2-2) and enter the patient's trachea; or the second ventilation chamber (2-6) is designed to be located below the patient's glottis with an inner diameter smaller than that above the patient's glottis, and the patient end of the inner tube assembly (4) is configured to be located at the patient end of the larger portion of the inner diameter of the endotracheal tube (2-2); after the inner tube assembly (4) is inserted, one of the third ventilation chamber (4-2) and the second ventilation chamber (2-6) forms an inspiratory chamber and the other forms an expiratory chamber; The telescopic tube assembly (6) includes a telescopic tube patient end connector (6-2), a telescopic tube machine end connector (6-3), and a telescopic tube body (6-1); the telescopic tube patient end connector (6-2) is connected to the laryngeal mask connector (1-3) or the endotracheal tube connector (2-3). The breathing circuit connector assembly (3) includes a breathing circuit connector (3-1), a breathing circuit connector top cap (3-2), and a first Luer connector (3-3); the breathing circuit connector (3-1) includes a patient end and a machine end of the breathing circuit connector (3-1), the patient end of the breathing circuit connector (3-1) includes an inner patient end connector (3-1-6) and an outer patient end connector (3-1-7), the outer patient end connector (3-1-7) is connected to the telescopic tube machine end connector (6-3), and the inner patient end connector (3-1-6) is connected to the inner tube connector (4-3); the machine end of the breathing circuit connector (3-1) includes a first inner machine end connector (3-1-8), a second inner machine end connector (3-1-9), and an outer machine end connector (3-1-10); the patient end of the breathing circuit connector (3-1) is provided with The device includes an inner channel (3-1-1) and an outer channel (3-1-2) at the patient end, which adopt a coaxial inner and outer dual-channel structure. The breathing circuit connector (3-1) has three channels at the machine end: a first inner channel (3-1-3), a second inner channel (3-1-4), and an outer channel (3-1-5). The first inner channel (3-1-3), the second inner channel (3-1-4), and the inner channel (3-1-1) at the machine end are connected, and the outer channel (3-1-5) at the machine end is connected to the outer channel (3-1-2). An openable breathing circuit connector top cover (3-2) is provided at the top of the second inner connector (3-1-9) at the machine end, and a first Luer connector (3-3) is connected in the middle of the top cover (3-2).

2. The airway management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laryngeal mask assembly (1) has four cavities in its laryngeal mask tube (1-2), namely, a first ventilation cavity (1-6), a first gas sampling cavity (1-8), a drainage cavity (1-10), and a first pharyngeal suction cavity (1-7).

3. The airway management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laryngeal mask assembly (1) has six cavities in its laryngeal mask tube (1-2), namely, a first ventilation cavity (1-6), a first gas sampling cavity (1-8), a drainage cavity (1-10), a video element cavity (1-9), a first pharyngeal suction cavity (1-7), and a spare reserved cavity (1-11).

4. The airway management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting tube (5) has an unequal diameter structure. One end of the connecting tube (5) is connected to the breathing circuit connector (3-1), and the other end is connected to the anesthesia mask so that the connecting tube (5) can be used in anesthesia induction.

5. An airway management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner tube assembly (4) includes an inner tube body (4-1) and an inner tube connector (4-3) connected to the inner tube body (4-1). The outer wall of the inner tube body (4-1) is provided with a plurality of protrusions (4-4). The protrusions (4-4) are used for positioning between the inner tube body (4-1) and the first ventilation chamber (1-6) or between the inner tube body (4-1) and the second ventilation chamber (2-6) of the endotracheal tube (2-2). After the laryngeal mask assembly (1) or the endotracheal tube assembly (2) is inserted through the patient's mouth, the inner tube assembly (4) is inserted through the laryngeal mask tube (1-2) and laryngeal mask connector (1-3) or through the endotracheal tube (2-2) and endotracheal tube connector (2-3).

6. The airway management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the telescopic tube body (6-1) is connected to the telescopic tube patient end connector (6-2), and the other end is connected to the telescopic tube machine end connector (6-3). After the laryngeal mask assembly (1) is inserted through the patient's mouth, the laryngeal mask connector (1-3) is connected to the telescopic tube patient end connector (6-2), and the inner tube assembly (4) is inserted through the laryngeal mask tube (1-2), the laryngeal mask connector (1-3), and the telescopic tube assembly (6). When the telescopic tube assembly (6) is extended to the fully open state, the patient end of the inner tube assembly (4) is located on the patient's glottis, which is used to eliminate mechanical dead space and prevent the patient from inhaling the waste gas he exhales. As the telescopic tube assembly (6) gradually shortens, the patient end of the inner tube assembly (4) moves toward the patient's lungs and enters the patient's trachea through the patient's glottis. When the telescopic tube assembly (6) is shortened to the original state, the patient end of the inner tube assembly (4) reaches the patient's trachea, eliminating all mechanical dead space and part of physiological dead space.

7. An airway management system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The patient ends of the first gas sampling chamber (1-8) and the first pharyngeal suction chamber (1-7) are close to the patient end of the laryngeal mask airway (1-2), and the patient ends of the second gas sampling chamber (2-8) and the second pharyngeal suction chamber (2-7) are close to the patient end of the endotracheal tube (2-2); the first gas sampling chamber (1-8) and the first pharyngeal suction chamber (1-7) are used in a fixed combination; the second gas sampling chamber (2-8) and the second pharyngeal suction chamber (2-7) are used in a fixed combination.

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