A treatment device and method for resource utilization of household dry garbage

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of life class dry garbage resource processing equipment and its processing method, it includes screening system and sorting system, screening system includes the disc screen and ballistic screen for coarse material screening, and the first-stage fine screen for fine material screening, the under-screen discharge port of disc screen and ballistic screen is connected with the inlet of first-stage fine screen, first-stage fine screen is used to carry out fine division to under-screen material in disc screen and ballistic screen, sorting system includes air separator and metal sorting machine, the second conveying belt is connected between the light under-screen material discharge port of ballistic screen and the inlet of air separator, the third conveying belt is connected between the ejection under-screen material discharge port of ballistic screen and the inlet of metal sorting machine.The processing equipment of the technical solution can finely sort the daily collected life dry garbage, ensure that recyclable material can be effectively recycled, avoid being directly incinerated, cause resource waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste treatment equipment technology, and more specifically to a treatment equipment and method for the resource recovery of household dry waste. Background Technology

[0002] Household waste refers to waste generated in people's daily lives or in activities that provide services for daily life. Household waste can be generally divided into dry waste and wet waste. Wet waste mainly refers to easily perishable biomass waste, such as leftover food, fruit peels and cores, flowers and plants, meat scraps and bones, expired food, and kitchen waste. Dry waste refers to other household waste besides hazardous waste, recyclables, and wet waste. Since household waste is currently mainly treated by incineration, separating dry and wet waste can effectively reduce the generation of harmful substances such as dioxins during incineration and reduce the environmental impact of incineration byproducts.

[0003] Household dry waste often contains large amounts of paper, textiles, metals, glass, and sediment. These materials can be recycled and processed into reusable resources, achieving resource recovery, promoting material recycling, avoiding resource waste, and creating considerable economic value. With the rapid development of China's social economy, the acceleration of urbanization, and the rapid improvement of people's living standards, urban residents generate an average of about 1 kilogram of waste per person per day, including a considerable amount of dry waste. Currently, waste sorting initiatives are being carried out at various residential sites. The aim is to improve waste quality by sorting waste at the source and ensure better harmless treatment during incineration. However, the effectiveness of waste sorting initiatives is not satisfactory. One reason is that most garbage bins at residential waste disposal points currently only have recyclable bins. The lack of detailed guidance on the classification of dry waste into two categories—"recyclable" and "non-recyclable"—is due to several reasons. Firstly, waste sorting and recycling are mostly promoted through written and verbal means; most residents lack the awareness and habit of separating waste even when designated recycling bins are available. Secondly, during waste transportation, waste from different bins is often mixed together in the transport vehicle. Even with a well-established waste sorting system within the community, it's difficult to achieve proper separation of dry and wet waste at the final disposal point. These problems result in recyclable materials in dry waste being incinerated along with the waste during final incineration, hindering their effective recycling and resource utilization, leading to resource waste. Therefore, there is an urgent need to invent a dry waste resource utilization treatment device and a treatment method that can solve these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above situation, and to overcome the problem in the existing technology that dry and wet waste are difficult to classify and often mixed during transportation, making it difficult to achieve direct classification and processing of dry and wet waste at the terminal, resulting in the incineration of recyclable materials in the dry waste and the inability to effectively recover and utilize recyclable materials in the dry waste, thus causing resource waste, the purpose of this invention is to provide a device and method for the resource recovery treatment of daily collected dry waste, which can accurately sort the recyclable materials and ensure that the recyclable materials can be effectively utilized in subsequent processing, thereby effectively avoiding direct incineration and resource waste.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] A waste recycling system for household dry waste includes a screening system and a sorting system. The screening system includes a disc screen and a ballistic screen for coarse material screening, and a primary fine screen for fine material screening. A first conveyor belt connects the undersize discharge port of the disc screen and the ballistic screen to the inlet of the primary fine screen. The primary fine screen is used to further separate the undersize material from the disc screen and the ballistic screen. The sorting system includes an air separator and a metal separator. A second conveyor belt connects the light oversize discharge port of the ballistic screen to the inlet of the air separator. A third conveyor belt connects the ejected oversize discharge port of the ballistic screen to the inlet of the metal separator. The air separator sorts the light oversize material from the ballistic screen, and the metal separator sorts the hard elastic material from the ballistic screen.

[0007] Preferably, the sorting system also includes a rolling separator, and a fourth conveyor belt is connected between the discharge port of the metal separator and the inlet of the rolling separator. The rolling separator sorts the non-metallic elastic materials in the metal separator.

[0008] Preferably, the sorting system also includes a fiber separator, and a fifth conveyor belt is connected between the outlet of the air separator and the inlet of the fiber separator, the fiber separator screening the remaining material in the air separator.

[0009] Preferably, the screening system also includes a waste-to-fuel generator, with a sixth conveyor belt connecting the discharge port of the primary screening screen to the inlet of the waste-to-fuel generator, which converts the lightweight material in the primary screening screen into waste-to-fuel.

[0010] Preferably, the screening system also includes a sterilizer, and a seventh conveyor belt is connected between the discharge port of the primary fine screen and the inlet of the sterilizer. The sterilizer performs harmless treatment on the fine material under the primary fine screen in the primary fine screen.

[0011] Preferably, the screening system also includes a secondary fine screening sieve, and an eighth conveyor belt is connected between the discharge port of the sterilizer and the inlet of the secondary fine screening sieve. The secondary fine screening sieve screens the fine material that has been harmlessly treated by the sterilizer and passed through the primary fine screening sieve.

[0012] A method for processing the above-mentioned dry waste recycling equipment includes the following steps:

[0013] S1: The screening system performs multi-stage screening of dry household waste of different sizes;

[0014] S2: The sorting system sorts household dry waste that has been screened by the screening system according to its different properties.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes the following steps:

[0016] S1-1: Household dry waste is unloaded into a disc screen and a ballistic screen for screening. After screening, large pieces of oversize material and small pieces of undersize material are obtained in the disc screen and the ballistic screen respectively. The oversize material on different screen plates of the ballistic screen is divided into lightweight oversize material and elastic oversize material.

[0017] S1-2: Manually sort the material on the disc screen and crush the sorted material.

[0018] S1-3: The undersize material in the disc screen and ballistic screen is conveyed to the primary fine screen for fine separation by the first conveyor belt. Light oversize material and primary fine undersize material are obtained in the primary fine screen, and the light oversize material is retained on its screen plate.

[0019] S1-4: The light material oversize in the primary fine screening is transported to the waste-derived fuel machine via the sixth conveyor belt to be converted into waste-derived fuel;

[0020] S1-5: The fine material under the primary fine screening in the primary fine screening is conveyed to the sterilizer via the seventh conveyor belt. It is sterilized and deodorized in the high temperature environment of the sterilizer to obtain harmless primary fine material under the fine screening.

[0021] S1-6: The harmless primary fine material from the sterilizer is conveyed to the secondary fine screen via the eighth conveyor belt for further fine separation. The secondary fine screen yields impurities such as mud, sand, and glass, as well as the harmless secondary fine material. The impurities are trapped on the screen plate, and the harmless secondary fine material is biomass fine material.

[0022] Preferably, it also includes the following steps:

[0023] S2-1-1: The light material on the ballistic screen is conveyed to the air separator via the second conveyor belt. Under the action of the air separator, the plastic film and thin paper in the light material are separated from other light materials.

[0024] S2-2-1: Other lightweight materials in the air classifier are conveyed to the fiber sorter via the fifth conveyor belt, where thick paper and fabrics with recycling value are sorted.

[0025] Preferably, it also includes the following steps:

[0026] S2-1-2: The material on the elastic screen in the ballistic screen is conveyed to the metal separator by the third conveyor belt, and then separated into metal materials and non-metal materials by the metal separator;

[0027] S2-2-2: Non-metallic materials in the metal sorting machine are conveyed to the rolling sorting machine via the fourth conveyor belt. The rolling sorting machine separates non-metallic elastic parts with recycling value, including rubber, silicone, plastic, and kitchen waste blocks.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] The metal sorting machine in this invention mainly uses a magnetic separator to separate metals such as scrap iron and non-metals under the action of magnetic force, thereby enabling the metals and non-metals to be recycled separately. In this invention, the screening system is used to screen household dry waste of different diameters, so that household dry waste of similar diameters can be classified uniformly. The sorting system further sorts household dry waste of different diameters after screening according to their properties, so that household dry waste of different properties can be separated. After being screened by the screening system and sorted by the sorting system, the recyclable materials in the household dry waste can be effectively recycled in subsequent processing, thereby avoiding the direct incineration of renewable resources. Therefore, it can solve the problem of resource waste caused by the common practice of mixing household dry waste in daily life. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the overall structure and processing flow of the processing equipment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of the screening system of the processing equipment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of the sorting system of the processing equipment of the present invention.

[0033] As shown in the figure:

[0034] 1. Screening system; 11. Disc screen; 12. Ballistic screen; 13. Primary fine screen; 14. Waste-derived fuel generator; 15. Sterilizer; 16. Secondary fine screen; 2. Separation system; 21. Air separator; 22. Metal separator; 23. Rolling separator; 24. Fiber separator; 3. First conveyor belt; 4. Second conveyor belt; 5. Third conveyor belt; 6. Fourth conveyor belt; 7. Fifth conveyor belt; 8. Sixth conveyor belt; 9. Seventh conveyor belt; 10. Eighth conveyor belt. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship that the product of this invention is usually placed in when in use. They are only for the purpose of simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the orientation is a specific orientation or specific orientation structure and operation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, a waste recycling equipment for household dry waste includes a screening system 1 and a sorting system 2. The screening system 1 includes a disc screen 11 and a ballistic screen 12 for screening coarse materials of household dry waste, and a primary fine screen 13 for screening fine materials. The disc screen 11 provides power to the coarse materials of household dry waste by rotating, allowing them to fall through the mesh of the screen plate for screening. The coarse materials of household dry waste entering the ballistic screen 12, due to differences in size, density, and shape, bounce along different trajectories on the inclined screen plate of the ballistic screen 12, thus separating them and achieving screening. The primary fine screen 13 further screens the undersize materials screened by the disc screen 11 and the ballistic screen 12, allowing materials of different diameters to pass through. In the next step, after screening by the disc screen 11 and the ballistic screen 12, large pieces of oversize material and small pieces of undersize material are obtained. The oversize material on different screen plates of the ballistic screen 12 is further divided into lightweight oversize material and elastic oversize material. Lightweight oversize material includes paper, textiles, etc., while elastic oversize material includes metals, plastics, and non-metallic materials such as kitchen waste lumps. The undersize material consists of fine particles from household dry waste. A first conveyor belt 3 connects the undersize discharge port of the disc screen 11 and the ballistic screen 12 to the inlet of the primary fine screen 13. During the screening process, the undersize material falling from the screen plates of the disc screen 11 and the ballistic screen 12 falls directly onto their respective first conveyor belts 3, which then receive and transport it to the primary fine screen 13 for further screening. The screening process of screen 13 involves the retention of lightweight materials on its screen plate, while other materials fall through the screen plate to obtain finer undersize materials with smaller diameters. The sorting system 2 includes an air separator 21 and a metal separator 22. A second conveyor belt 4 connects the outlet of the lightweight oversize material of the ballistic screen 12 to the inlet of the air separator 21. Lightweight materials fall along the screen plate of the ballistic screen 12 onto the second conveyor belt 4, where they are received and transported to the air separator 21. The air separator 21 sorts the lightweight oversize material in the ballistic screen 12. Under the action of wind, plastic films, thin paper, etc., in the undersize material screened by the disc screen 11 and the ballistic screen 12 are blown into the collection container, while other materials fall towards the outlet of the air separator 21 under the action of gravity. Under the action of 1, plastic film and thin paper can be separated. A third conveyor belt 5 connects the discharge port of the ballistic screen 12 and the inlet of the metal sorting machine 22. Hard elastic materials fall along the screen plate of the ballistic screen 12 onto the third conveyor belt 5, where they are received and transported to the metal sorting machine 22. The metal sorting machine 22 sorts the hard elastic materials in the ballistic screen 12. In this invention, the metal sorting machine 22 mainly uses a magnetic separator to separate metals such as scrap iron and non-metals under the action of magnetic force, thereby enabling the metals and non-metals to be recycled separately. In this invention, the screening system 1 is used to screen household dry waste of different diameters, so that household dry waste of similar diameters can be uniformly classified.Sorting system 2 further sorts household dry waste of different diameters after it has been screened by screening system 1 according to its properties. This separates household dry waste with different properties, ensuring that recyclable materials are effectively utilized in subsequent processing after screening by screening system 1 and sorting by sorting system 2. This avoids the direct incineration of renewable resources, thus solving the resource waste problem caused by the common practice of mixing household dry waste in daily life.

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the sorting system 2 also includes a rolling sorter 23. A fourth conveyor belt 6 is connected between the discharge port of the metal sorter 22 and the inlet of the rolling sorter 23. Non-metallic hard elastic materials sorted by the metal sorter 22 fall onto the fourth conveyor belt 6 through the discharge port of the metal sorter 22. The fourth conveyor belt 6 receives and transports the materials to the rolling sorter 23. Plastics and kitchen waste such as potato chunks are separated from other non-metallic elastic materials by the rolling sorter 23.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the sorting system 2 also includes a fiber sorter 24. A fifth conveyor belt 7 is connected between the discharge port of the air separator 21 and the inlet of the fiber sorter 24. After the plastic film and thin paper are separated, the remaining lightweight materials on the screen separated by the air separator 21 fall from the discharge port of the air separator 21 onto the fifth conveyor belt 7, are received by the fifth conveyor belt 7 and transported to the fiber sorter 24. The microscope fan separates the remaining materials, thereby separating the fabric with recycling value and the thin paper that is not blown towards the collection container by the wind.

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the screening system 1 also includes a waste-to-fuel generator 14. A sixth conveyor belt 8 is connected between the discharge port of the primary fine screen 13 and the inlet of the waste-to-fuel generator 14. The light material obtained by screening by the primary fine screen 13 falls onto the sixth conveyor belt 8 along its screen plate, and is received and transported to the waste-to-fuel generator 14 by the sixth conveyor belt 8. The waste-to-fuel generator 14 turns the light material in the primary fine screen 13 into waste-to-fuel.

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the screening system 1 also includes a sterilizer 15. A seventh conveyor belt 9 connects the undersize discharge port of the primary fine screening sieve 13 to the inlet of the sterilizer 15. The undersize material of the primary fine screening sieve 13 falls onto the seventh conveyor belt 9 through its undersize discharge port. The undersize material input into the sterilizer 15 is subjected to harmless treatment. Under high temperature conditions, the undersize material is sterilized and deodorized to render it harmless, resulting in harmless primary fine screening material. The harmless primary fine screening material can be used as a medium for greening cultivation or for other purposes.

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the screening system 1 also includes a secondary fine screening sieve 16. An eighth conveyor belt 10 is connected between the discharge port of the sterilizer 15 and the inlet of the secondary fine screening sieve 16. The harmless fine material under the primary fine screening after being harmlessly treated by the sterilizer 15 falls from its discharge port onto the eighth conveyor belt 10, which receives and transports it to the secondary fine screening sieve 16. In the secondary fine screening sieve 16, impurities such as mud and glass are trapped on its screen plate, and the remaining part falls through the screen plate to obtain biomass fine material. Since it has been harmlessly treated by the sterilizer 15, the biomass fine material can be used as a medium for greening cultivation or for other purposes.

[0043] Combination Figures 1 to 3 The processing method of the waste recycling equipment for household dry waste of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:

[0044] S1: Screening system 1 performs multi-stage screening of dry household waste of different sizes;

[0045] S1-1: Household dry waste is unloaded into disc screen 11 and ballistic screen 12 for screening. After screening, large pieces of oversize material and small pieces of undersize material are obtained in disc screen 11 and ballistic screen 12 respectively. The oversize material on different screen plates of ballistic screen 12 is divided into lightweight oversize material and elastic oversize material.

[0046] S1-2: Manually sort the material on the disc screen 11 and crush the sorted material;

[0047] S1-3: The undersize material in the disc screen 11 and the ballistic screen 12 is conveyed to the primary fine screen 13 by the first conveyor belt 3 for fine separation. Lightweight oversize material and primary fine undersize material are obtained in the primary fine screen 13, and the lightweight oversize material is retained on its screen plate.

[0048] S1-4: The light material on the primary fine screen 13 is transported to the waste-derived fuel machine 14 via the sixth conveyor belt 8 to be made into waste-derived fuel;

[0049] S1-5: The fine material under the primary fine screening in the primary fine screening sieve 13 is conveyed to the sterilizer 15 by the seventh conveyor belt 9. It is sterilized and deodorized in the high temperature environment of the sterilizer 15 to obtain harmless primary fine material under the fine screening.

[0050] S1-6: The harmless primary fine material from the sterilizer 15 is conveyed to the secondary fine screen 16 via the eighth conveyor belt 10 for further fine separation. The secondary fine screen 16 contains impurities such as mud, sand, and glass, as well as the harmless secondary fine material. The impurities are trapped on the screen plate, and the harmless secondary fine material is biomass fine material.

[0051] S2: Sorting system 2 sorts household dry waste that has been screened by screening system 1 according to different attributes.

[0052] S2-1-1: The light material on the ballistic screen 12 is conveyed to the air separator 21 by the second conveyor belt 4. Under the action of the air separator 21, the plastic film and thin paper in the light material are separated from other light materials.

[0053] S2-2-1: Other lightweight materials in the air separator 21 are conveyed to the fiber separator 24 via the fifth conveyor belt 7, where thick paper and fabrics with recycling value are separated.

[0054] S2-1-2: The material on the elastic screen in the ballistic screen 12 is conveyed to the metal separator 22 by the third conveyor belt 5, and then separated into metal materials and non-metal materials by the metal separator 22;

[0055] S2-2-2: Non-metallic materials in the metal sorting machine 22 are conveyed to the rolling sorting machine 23 via the fourth conveyor belt 6. The rolling sorting machine 23 sorts the materials to obtain non-metallic elastic parts with recycling value, including plastics and kitchen waste blocks.

[0056] The embodiments and descriptions above are merely illustrative of the principles and preferred embodiments of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A treatment device for the resource recovery of household dry waste, characterized in that, It includes a screening system (1) and a sorting system (2). The screening system (1) includes a disc screen (11) and a ballistic screen (12) for screening coarse materials, and a primary fine screen (13) for screening fine materials. A first conveyor belt (3) is connected between the undersize discharge port of the disc screen (11) and the ballistic screen (12) and the feed port of the primary fine screen (13). The primary fine screen (13) is used to sort the undersize materials in the disc screen (11) and the ballistic screen (12). The sorting system (2) includes an air separator (21) and a metal separator (22). A second conveyor belt (4) connects the outlet of the ballistic screen (12) for light material to the inlet of the air separator (21). A third conveyor belt (5) connects the outlet of the ballistic screen (12) for ejected material to the inlet of the metal separator (22). The air separator (21) sorts the light material in the ballistic screen (12). The metal separator (22) The sorting system (2) further includes a rolling separator (23) for sorting hard elastic materials in the ballistic screen (12). A fourth conveyor belt (6) is connected between the outlet of the metal separator (22) and the inlet of the rolling separator (23). The rolling separator (23) sorts non-metallic elastic materials in the metal separator (22). The sorting system (2) also includes a fiber separator (24). The outlet of the air separator (21) is connected to the fiber separator. A fifth conveyor belt (7) is connected between the feed inlet of the machine (24). The fiber sorting machine (24) screens the remaining material in the air separator (21). The screening system (1) also includes a waste-derived fuel machine (14). A sixth conveyor belt (8) is connected between the discharge port of the primary fine screen (13) and the feed inlet of the waste-derived fuel machine (14). The waste-derived fuel machine (14) turns the light material in the primary fine screen (13) into waste-derived fuel.

2. The waste recycling equipment for household dry waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screening system (1) also includes a sterilizer (15). A seventh conveyor belt (9) is connected between the undersize discharge port of the primary fine screening sieve (13) and the inlet of the sterilizer (15). The sterilizer (15) performs harmless treatment on the undersize fine material in the primary fine screening sieve (13).

3. The waste recycling equipment for household dry waste according to claim 2, characterized in that, The screening system (1) also includes a secondary fine screening sieve (16). An eighth conveyor belt (10) is connected between the discharge port of the sterilizer (15) and the inlet of the secondary fine screening sieve (16). The secondary fine screening sieve (16) screens the fine material that has been harmlessly treated by the sterilizer (15) and passed through the primary fine screening sieve.

4. A treatment method for a waste recycling treatment device for household dry waste according to claim 3, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1: Screening system (1) performs multi-stage screening of dry household waste of different sizes; S1-1: Household dry waste is unloaded into a disc screen (11) and a ballistic screen (12) for screening. After screening, large pieces of oversize material and small pieces of undersize material are obtained in the disc screen (11) and the ballistic screen (12), respectively. The oversize material on different screen plates of the ballistic screen (12) is divided into lightweight oversize material and elastic oversize material. S1-2: Manually sort the material on the disc screen (11) and crush the sorted material; S1-3: The undersize material in the disc screen (11) and the ballistic screen (12) is conveyed to the primary fine screen (13) by the first conveyor belt (3) for fine separation. Light oversize material and primary fine undersize material are obtained in the primary fine screen (13), and the light oversize material is retained on its screen plate. S1-4: The light material on the primary fine screen (13) is transported to the waste-derived fuel machine (14) via the sixth conveyor belt (8) to be made into waste-derived fuel; S1-5: The fine material under the first-stage fine screening in the first-stage fine screening is transported to the sterilizer via the seventh conveyor belt. It is sterilized and deodorized in the high-temperature environment of the sterilizer (15) to obtain harmless first-stage fine material under the fine screening. S1-6: The harmless primary fine material in the sterilizer (15) is transported to the secondary fine screen (16) through the eighth conveyor belt (10) for further fine separation. The secondary fine screen (16) contains impurities such as mud, sand and glass and harmless secondary fine material. The impurities are trapped on the screen plate. The harmless secondary fine material is biomass fine material. S2: The sorting system (2) sorts the household dry waste that has been screened by the screening system (1) according to its different attributes.

5. The treatment method of the waste recycling equipment for household dry waste according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: S2-1-1: Lightweight oversize material in ballistic screen (12) is conveyed to air separator (21) via second conveyor belt (4). Under the action of wind force in air separator (21), plastic film, thin paper and other lightweight materials in lightweight oversize material are separated. S2-2-1: Other lightweight materials in the air separator (21) are transported to the fiber separator (24) via the fifth conveyor belt (7), where thick paper and fabric with recycling value are separated.

6. The treatment method of the waste recycling equipment for household dry waste according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: S2-1-2: The material on the elastic screen in the ballistic screen (12) is conveyed to the metal separator (22) by the third conveyor belt (5), and metal materials and non-metal materials are separated by the metal separator (22); S2-2-2: Non-metallic materials in the metal sorter (22) are conveyed to the rolling sorter (23) via the fourth conveyor belt (6), and are sorted by the rolling sorter (23) to obtain non-metallic elastic parts with recycling value, including plastics and kitchen waste blocks.

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