Hydro-gasification nozzle and gasification furnace

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of gasification nozzle, and provides a hydrogenation gasification nozzle and a gasification furnace. The hydrogenation gasification nozzle comprises a nozzle body, a coal powder channel and a jet assembly are arranged in the nozzle body; the jet assembly comprises an oxygen jet channel and a hydrogen jet channel, one of the hydrogen jet channel and the oxygen jet channel is sleeved outside the other; the oxygen jet channel has an oxygen jet outlet, the hydrogen jet channel has a hydrogen jet outlet, the oxygen jet outlet and the hydrogen jet outlet are communicated outside the nozzle body to form a jet outlet of the jet assembly; the coal powder channel has a coal powder outlet, raw materials sprayed from the coal powder outlet are mixed with fuel sprayed from the jet outlet to generate a hydrogenation gasification reaction. Oxygen and hydrogen can be mixed and combusted outside the nozzle, a combustion chamber for combustion of oxygen and hydrogen does not need to be separately arranged inside the nozzle body, the overall size of the nozzle is reduced, and the overall enlargement of the nozzle body structure and the disassembly, assembly and maintenance of the nozzle on the gasification furnace are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of gasification nozzle technology, and more particularly to a hydrogenation gasification nozzle and a gasification furnace. Background Technology

[0002] Pulverized coal hydrogasification is a process in which pulverized coal and hydrogen react under medium-temperature and high-pressure conditions to produce methane-rich syngas, high-value-added aromatic oils, and high-calorific-value semi-coke. Hydrogen participates in the reaction as free radicals, reducing condensation reactions between volatile free radicals and thus increasing the yield of effective products. In the hydrogasification process, the nozzle is one of the key components, providing sufficient heat in the initial stage to achieve primary pyrolysis of the pulverized coal, and has a significant impact on the effective products and yield of coal hydrogasification.

[0003] Existing gasifier nozzles employ an internal mixing design, where the raw material gas and combustion-supporting gas are combusted within the nozzle's combustion chamber before being ejected and mixed with pulverized coal output from the material channel within the nozzle to undergo coal hydrogenation gasification. However, the combustion chamber in the internal mixing nozzle experiences high-temperature, high-velocity erosion and ablation, which can easily cause deformation. Furthermore, the internal cooling water ring cavity experiences uneven heating and a large temperature gradient, making welding prone to cracking and hindering long-term stable operation. Additionally, the presence of the combustion chamber and cooling water ring cavity results in a larger nozzle size, complicating subsequent nozzle disassembly, assembly, and maintenance on the gasifier. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this disclosure provides a hydrogenation gasification nozzle and a gasification furnace.

[0005] The first aspect of this disclosure provides a hydrogasification nozzle, including a nozzle body, wherein a pulverized coal channel and an injection assembly are disposed within the nozzle body;

[0006] The injection assembly includes an oxygen jet channel and a hydrogen jet channel, with one of the hydrogen jet and the oxygen jet channel being fitted over the other.

[0007] The oxygen jet channel has an oxygen jet outlet, the hydrogen jet channel has a hydrogen jet outlet, the oxygen jet outlet and the hydrogen jet outlet are connected to the outside of the nozzle body to form the injection outlet of the injection assembly, and the oxygen ejected from the oxygen jet outlet and the hydrogen ejected from the hydrogen jet outlet meet at the injection outlet and undergo a combustion reaction.

[0008] The pulverized coal channel has a pulverized coal outlet, and the raw material ejected from the pulverized coal outlet is adapted to mix with the fuel ejected from the injection outlet to undergo a hydrogenation gasification reaction.

[0009] Optionally, the pulverized coal channel is located at the center of the nozzle body and extends through the nozzle body;

[0010] The number of injection components is multiple, and the multiple injection components are evenly arranged around the circumference of the pulverized coal channel, and the injection outlets of the multiple injection components are all arranged facing the center line of the pulverized coal channel.

[0011] Optionally, the nozzle body is provided with an oxygen supply pipeline, an oxygen distribution chamber, a hydrogen supply pipeline, and a hydrogen distribution chamber, wherein the oxygen supply pipeline is connected to the oxygen distribution chamber, and the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to the hydrogen distribution chamber.

[0012] The inlets of the multiple oxygen jet channels are all connected to the oxygen distribution chamber, and the inlets of the multiple hydrogen jet channels are all connected to the hydrogen distribution chamber.

[0013] Optionally, a blunt body structure is provided on the jet path of the oxygen jet outlet to reduce the axial momentum of the oxygen ejected from the oxygen jet outlet.

[0014] Optionally, the blunt body structure is a tetrahedron, a sphere, or an ellipsoid;

[0015] When the blunt body structure is an ellipsoid, the major radius of the ellipsoid is 1.5 to 2.5 times the minor radius of the ellipsoid, the major radius of the ellipsoid is 2 to 4 times the width of the oxygen jet channel, and the distance between the center of the ellipsoid and the oxygen jet outlet is 3 to 5 times the width of the oxygen jet channel.

[0016] Optionally, a first swirl element is provided in the oxygen jet channel to convert the movement direction of oxygen at the oxygen jet outlet into a swirling flow; and / or,

[0017] A second swirl element is provided in the hydrogen jet channel to convert the direction of hydrogen movement at the hydrogen jet outlet into a swirling flow.

[0018] Optionally, the hydrogen jet channel is sleeved outside the oxygen jet channel, and a support rod is provided at the center of the oxygen jet channel. The first swirling element includes a plurality of first swirling blades, and the plurality of first swirling blades are fixed on the outer wall of the support rod along the spiral direction.

[0019] The second swirl element includes a plurality of second swirl blades, which are fixed along a spiral direction on the outer wall of the oxygen jet channel.

[0020] Optionally, a plurality of the first swirl blades are fixed to the outer wall of the support rod along a first helical direction, and a plurality of the second swirl blades are fixed to the outer wall of the oxygen jet channel along a second helical direction;

[0021] The first helical direction is the same as or opposite to the second helical direction.

[0022] Optionally, the angle between the swirl line of the first swirl element and the axial center line of the oxygen jet channel is 45 to 60°.

[0023] The angle between the swirl line of the second swirl element and the axial center line of the support rod is 10 to 45°.

[0024] A second aspect of this disclosure provides a gasifier including any of the above-described hydrogenation gasification nozzles.

[0025] The technical solution provided in this disclosure has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0026] The hydrogenation gasification nozzle and gasifier disclosed herein include an injection assembly and a pulverized coal channel within the nozzle body. The injection assembly comprises an oxygen jet channel and a hydrogen jet channel, with one of the hydrogen jet channel fitted over the other. This allows the oxygen in the oxygen jet channel and the hydrogen in the hydrogen jet channel to be ejected through their respective outlets, directly mixing and undergoing combustion at the injection outlet of the injection assembly to produce high-temperature hydrogen-rich gas. This gas then mixes with the pulverized coal injected into the pulverized coal channel, heating up and undergoing a hydrogenation gasification reaction. This allows oxygen and hydrogen to be directly injected outside the nozzle for mixing and combustion, simplifying the internal structure of the hydrogenation gasification nozzle. It eliminates the need for a separate combustion chamber inside the nozzle body for oxygen and hydrogen combustion, resulting in a smaller overall size of the nozzle. This facilitates the overall scaling up of the nozzle body structure and subsequent disassembly, assembly, and maintenance on the gasifier. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a hydrogenation nozzle in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a partial view of the spraying assembly in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an oxygen jet channel in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hydrogen jet channel in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 5 This is the injection state of the hydrogenation nozzle in one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 6 This is the injection state of the hydrogenation nozzle in one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 .

[0035] Figure label:

[0036] 1. Nozzle body; 2. Pulverized coal channel; 21. Pulverized coal outlet; 3. Injection assembly; 31. Oxygen jet channel; 310. Support rod; 311. Oxygen jet outlet; 32. Hydrogen jet channel; 321. Hydrogen jet outlet; 41. Oxygen supply pipeline; 42. Oxygen distribution chamber; 51. Hydrogen supply pipeline; 52. Hydrogen distribution chamber; 6. Ellipsoid; 71. First swirl element; 72. Second swirl element; 8. Thermal insulation layer. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this disclosure, the solutions disclosed herein will be further described below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0038] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this disclosure, but this disclosure may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only some, and not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0039] Reference Figures 1 to 6As shown, some embodiments of this disclosure provide a hydrogasification nozzle, including a nozzle body 1, within which a pulverized coal channel 2 and an injection assembly 3 are disposed. The injection assembly 3 includes an oxygen jet channel 31 and a hydrogen jet channel 32, one of which is fitted over the other. The oxygen jet channel 31 has an oxygen jet outlet 311, and the hydrogen jet channel 32 has a hydrogen jet outlet 321. The oxygen jet outlet 311 and the hydrogen jet outlet 321 communicate with the outside of the nozzle body 1 to form the injection outlet of the injection assembly 3. Oxygen ejected from the oxygen jet outlet 311 and hydrogen ejected from the hydrogen jet outlet 321 meet at the injection outlet and undergo a combustion reaction. The pulverized coal channel 2 has a pulverized coal outlet 21, and the raw material ejected from the pulverized coal outlet 21 is suitable for mixing with the fuel ejected from the injection outlet (i.e., the high-temperature hydrogen-rich gas generated by the combustion reaction of oxygen and hydrogen at the injection outlet) to undergo a hydrogasification reaction.

[0040] With the above configuration, the oxygen in the oxygen jet channel 31 and the hydrogen in the hydrogen jet channel 32, after being ejected through the oxygen jet outlet 311 and hydrogen jet outlet 321 respectively, can directly mix and undergo a combustion reaction at the injection outlet of the injection assembly 3 (i.e., outside the nozzle body 1) to produce high-temperature hydrogen-rich gas. This gas then mixes with the pulverized coal injected into the pulverized coal channel 2, heats up, and undergoes a hydrogenation gasification reaction. This allows oxygen and hydrogen to be directly injected outside the nozzle for mixing and combustion, simplifying the internal structure of the hydrogenation gasification nozzle. It eliminates the need for a separate combustion chamber inside the nozzle body 1 for oxygen and hydrogen combustion, resulting in a smaller overall size of the hydrogenation gasification nozzle. This facilitates the overall scaling up of the nozzle body structure and subsequent disassembly, assembly, and maintenance on the gasifier.

[0041] In practical implementation, the hydrogen jet channel 32 can be installed outside the oxygen jet channel 31 to ensure that the oxygen surrounded by hydrogen can be fully combusted, thereby generating high-temperature hydrogen-rich gas. Of course, the oxygen jet channel 31 can also be installed outside the hydrogen jet channel 32 as needed, which can also achieve the combustion reaction of oxygen and hydrogen after they meet at the injection outlet of the injection assembly 3.

[0042] Reference Figure 1The pulverized coal channel 2 is located at the center of the nozzle body 1 and extends through the nozzle body 1. Multiple injection components 3 are uniformly arranged around the circumference of the pulverized coal channel 2, and the injection outlets of all injection components 3 are directed towards the centerline of the pulverized coal channel 2. Specifically, the number of injection components 3 is preferably 4 to 8, and the injection components 3 are inclined towards the pulverized coal channel 2, with the angle between the centerline of the injection component 3 and the centerline of the pulverized coal channel 2 being 15 to 45°, thereby achieving rapid collision mixing between pulverized coal and high-temperature hydrogen-rich gas. It should be noted that the above-mentioned limitations on the number and inclination angle of the injection components 3 are merely exemplary arrangements and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art can flexibly configure the components according to actual injection reaction requirements.

[0043] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the nozzle body 1 is provided with an oxygen supply pipeline 41, an oxygen distribution chamber 42, a hydrogen supply pipeline 51, and a hydrogen distribution chamber 52. The oxygen supply pipeline 41 is connected to the oxygen distribution chamber 42, and the hydrogen supply pipeline 51 is connected to the hydrogen distribution chamber 52. The inlets of the multiple oxygen jet channels 31 are all connected to the oxygen distribution chamber 42, and the inlets of the multiple hydrogen jet channels 32 are all connected to the hydrogen distribution chamber 52.

[0044] Specifically, oxygen and hydrogen in oxygen supply line 41 and hydrogen supply line 51 are introduced into the nozzle body 1 from the outside. The number of oxygen supply lines 41 and hydrogen supply lines 51 corresponding to the outside of the nozzle body 1 are n, where n≥1. That is, the number of oxygen supply lines 41 and hydrogen supply lines 51 extending from the outside to the inside of the nozzle body 1 can be one or more. In this embodiment, in order to simplify the internal pipe layout of the nozzle body 1, reduce the number of pipes connected to each pipe hole on the outside of the nozzle body 1, and reduce the number of valves used, it is preferred that there is one hydrogen and oxygen supply line extending from the outside of the nozzle body 1. At the same time, oxygen supply line 41 and hydrogen supply line 51 are coaxially arranged with pulverized coal channel 2, such as... Figure 1 As shown, this can greatly reduce the base diameter of the nozzle body 1, thereby reducing the overall size of the nozzle body 1, making the internal pipe arrangement of the nozzle body 1 more compact, which is beneficial for the enlargement of the hydrogenation gasification nozzle structure and its subsequent disassembly and maintenance on the gasifier.

[0045] In existing technologies, nozzles typically contain a combustion chamber where oxygen and hydrogen mix and burn, generating high-temperature hydrogen-rich gas after thorough erosion and ablation. This gas then mixes and burns with pulverized coal. However, the high temperature during the formation of the hydrogen-rich gas can easily deform the combustion chamber, and the overall structure of the combustion chamber results in a larger nozzle size, making subsequent disassembly, assembly, and maintenance on the gasifier inconvenient. In this embodiment, the oxygen distribution chamber 42 is directly connected to the oxygen jet channels 31 in the multiple injection components 3, and the hydrogen distribution chamber 52 is directly connected to the hydrogen jet channels 32 in the multiple injection components 3. Thus, oxygen and hydrogen are ejected at high speed from the oxygen jet channel 31 and hydrogen from the hydrogen jet channel 32, respectively, resulting in thorough mixing and combustion at the injection outlet to generate high-temperature hydrogen-rich gas. This eliminates the need for the combustion chamber in existing technologies, simplifying the manufacturing process of the nozzle body 1 and making its internal pipe arrangement more compact.

[0046] Specifically, during use, oxygen enters the oxygen distribution chamber 42 through the oxygen supply line 41. The oxygen is evenly distributed through the pressure drop generated by the oxygen distribution chamber 42 and the multiple oxygen jet channels 31. Hydrogen enters the hydrogen distribution chamber 52 through the hydrogen supply line 51. The hydrogen is also evenly distributed into each hydrogen jet channel 32 through the pressure drop generated by the hydrogen distribution chamber 52 and the multiple hydrogen jet channels 32. The oxygen and hydrogen evenly distributed by the oxygen distribution chamber 42 and hydrogen distribution chamber 52 respectively enter the oxygen jet channel 31 and hydrogen jet channel 32 within the injection assembly 3. At the injection outlet of the injection assembly 3, excess oxygen and hydrogen meet and undergo a strong combustion reaction to generate high-temperature hydrogen-rich gas at approximately 1200–1500°C. Simultaneously, this gas impacts the raw coal powder ejected from the coal powder channel 2 at high speed, mixing and heating with the raw coal powder to undergo a hydrogenation gasification reaction.

[0047] During the injection of oxygen from the oxygen jet outlet 311, an axial injection line is formed along its injection direction. The oxygen flows along this axial injection line at a certain speed, thus transporting the oxygen to the target position. This constitutes a momentum transfer process for the oxygen. The more momentum the oxygen transfers along its axial injection line, the longer the flame length; the less momentum it transfers, the shorter the flame length. To prevent the oxygen flame from becoming too long, which could cause the pulverized coal ejected from the pulverized coal channel 2 to directly contact the oxygen at the collision point, resulting in the direct combustion of some pulverized coal and the production of ineffective products (such as CO2), thus affecting its gasification performance, a blunt structure is provided in the jet path of the oxygen jet outlet 311. This allows the ejected oxygen flame to rapidly diffuse in all directions after impacting the blunt structure, thereby reducing the axial momentum of the oxygen ejected from the oxygen jet outlet 311 and thus reducing the flame length.

[0048] In practical applications, the oxygen jet channel 31 and the hydrogen jet channel 32 can be hollow cylindrical or square-shaped, as long as it facilitates gas injection. In this embodiment, the oxygen jet channel 31 and the hydrogen jet channel 32 are hollow cylindrical structures. The specific structure of the blunt body can be flexibly selected according to the specific form of the outward expansion of the jet flame. For example, the blunt body structure can be a tetrahedron, a sphere, or an ellipsoid. In this embodiment, refer to... Figure 2 The blunt body structure is an ellipsoid 6, which can be made of alloy materials, such as nickel-based alloy steel.

[0049] Experimental simulations show that if the major radius R1 of ellipsoid 6 is more than 2.5 times, such as 3 or 4 times, the minor radius R2 of ellipsoid 6 will result in an overly slender structure, occupying a large space within the nozzle body 1 and hindering assembly. If the major radius R1 of ellipsoid 6 is less than 1.5 times, the structure will be too short and thick, hindering effective collision with the ejected oxygen and potentially excessively affecting the axial momentum of the oxygen jet. Therefore, more preferably, the major radius R1 of ellipsoid 6 is 1.5 to 2.5 times, such as 1.5, 2, or 2.5 times, of the minor radius R2. This avoids excessive space occupation within the nozzle body 1 while better hindering the axial momentum of the oxygen jet, reducing flame length, and preventing direct contact between pulverized coal and oxygen at the collision point, thus preventing partial direct combustion of coal and the production of ineffective products (carbon dioxide), which would affect gasification performance.

[0050] Experimental simulations show that if the major radius R1 of ellipsoid 6 is much larger than the width d of oxygen jet channel 31, it may cause some blockage of oxygen jet outlet 311, preventing oxygen from flowing smoothly and thus affecting the axial momentum of the oxygen. Furthermore, if the structure of ellipsoid 6 is too large, the jet direction may deviate after oxygen collides with ellipsoid 6, affecting the precise collision and mixing of oxygen and hydrogen. If the major radius R1 of ellipsoid 6 is much smaller than the width d of oxygen jet channel 31, the ejected oxygen may directly pass through ellipsoid 6 and merge with hydrogen, thus rendering ellipsoid 6 ineffective in hindering the oxygen jet. Therefore, the major radius R1 of ellipsoid 6 should be 2 to 4 times the width d of oxygen jet channel 31, for example, 2, 3, or 4 times, to ensure smooth oxygen injection while effectively hindering the axial momentum of the oxygen jet. More preferably, the major radius R1 of the ellipsoid 6 is three times the inner diameter d of the oxygen jet channel 31. This ensures that the ellipsoid 6 impedes the axial momentum of the oxygen jet, forcing it to diffuse outwards, thereby reducing the flame length and preventing the pulverized coal ejected from the pulverized coal channel 2 from directly contacting the oxygen at the collision point and producing ineffective products. Furthermore, if the distance between the center of the ellipsoid 6 and the oxygen jet outlet 311 is too small, the ellipsoid 6 may be in close contact with the oxygen jet outlet 311, which is not conducive to oxygen ejection. If the distance between the center of the ellipsoid 6 and the oxygen jet outlet 311 is too large, it will result in an excessively long flame, which is not conducive to effectively reducing the flame length through direct collision between the ellipsoid 6 and the oxygen. The distance L between the center of the ellipsoid 6 and the oxygen jet outlet 311 is 3 to 5 times the width of the oxygen jet channel 31, for example, 3 times, 4 times, 5 times, etc. More preferably, the distance L between the center of the ellipsoid 6 and the oxygen jet outlet 311 is 4 times the width of the oxygen jet channel 31. This parameter ensures that the oxygen jet is ejected at a high jet velocity, thereby avoiding backfire erosion of the jet outlet.

[0051] It should be noted that the above data on the structure and distance of ellipsoid 6 are derived from experimental simulations. In actual use, the structure and distance of ellipsoid 6 can be flexibly adjusted according to the different lengths of the required oxygen flame, and are not limited to the above specific limitations, as long as it can be ensured that the coal powder cannot directly contact the oxygen at the collision point.

[0052] Factors affecting the length of the jet flame also include the combustion process controlled by jet turbulence, such as the flow direction of the fluid jet. In this embodiment, referring to... Figure 3 and Figure 4 The oxygen jet channel 31 is provided with a first swirl element 71, which is used to convert the movement direction of oxygen at the oxygen jet outlet 311 into a rotating flow. The hydrogen jet channel 32 is provided with a second swirl element 72, which is used to convert the movement direction of hydrogen at the hydrogen jet outlet 321 into a rotating flow. Figure 5The image shows the injection state of the hydrogasification nozzle without the ellipsoid 6, the first swirl element 71, and the second swirl element 72. Figure 6 The image shows the injection state after the hydrogenation nozzle is equipped with an ellipsoid 6, a first swirl element 71, and a second swirl element 72. By setting the ellipsoid 6 in the jet path of the oxygen jet channel 31, i.e., in the coaxial direction, and by setting the first swirl element 71 and the second swirl element 72 in the oxygen jet channel 31 and the hydrogen jet channel 32, respectively, the single axial flow of oxygen and hydrogen ejected from the oxygen jet outlet 311 and the hydrogen jet outlet 321 can be optimized into a rotating flow, enhancing the mass transfer process, thereby reducing the jet flame length, ensuring the high-temperature hydrogen and coal powder collision mixing efficiency, improving the degree of primary pyrolysis of coal powder, while avoiding coal powder contact with oxygen, and improving the yield of effective products.

[0053] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 A support rod 310 is provided at the center of the oxygen jet channel 31. The first swirling element 71 includes multiple first swirling blades, which are fixed to the outer wall of the support rod 310 in a spiral direction. The second swirling element 72 includes multiple second swirling blades, which are fixed to the outer wall of the oxygen jet channel 31 in a spiral direction.

[0054] Furthermore, multiple first swirl blades are fixed to the outer wall of the support rod 310 along a first helical direction, and multiple second swirl blades are fixed to the outer wall of the oxygen jet channel 31 along a second helical direction. The first and second helical directions can be the same or opposite. When the first and second helical directions are the same, hydrogen and oxygen can accelerate and merge along the same helical direction, thereby increasing the jet and mixing speed of hydrogen and oxygen and accelerating the rapid mixing and combustion of hydrogen and oxygen. Alternatively, the first and second helical directions can also be opposite. In this embodiment, oxygen passing through the first swirl blades forms a counter-swirling flow, and hydrogen passing through the second swirl blades forms a forward swirling flow. Through the above arrangement, the single axial movement of oxygen and hydrogen can be transformed into a three-dimensional flow. The forward and counter-swirling flows are combined to enhance turbulent mixing, enhance the mass transfer process of the oxygen and hydrogen jets, thereby accelerating combustion and further reducing the jet combustion flame. This ensures that oxygen is completely burned before the collision point of the multiple jets, preventing coal powder from contacting oxygen. This increases the efficiency of high-temperature hydrogen collision and mixing with coal powder, improving the degree of primary pyrolysis of the coal powder and thus increasing the yield of effective products. The configuration in the above embodiment is not unique, and those skilled in the art can flexibly configure it. For example, the support rod 310 can be omitted, and the first swirl blade can be directly fixed on the inner wall of the oxygen jet channel 31.

[0055] In this embodiment, the first swirling element 71 has a certain swirling direction, and the swirling lines of the first swirling element 71 are formed by extending along its swirling direction, such as... Figure 3As shown, the support rod 310 is cylindrical, and its axial centerline is the vertical axis passing through the center of its projection on the horizontal plane. The angle β between the swirl line of the first swirling element 71 and the axial centerline of the support rod 310 is 45-60°, for example, 45°, 50°, 55°, 60°, etc. Because the axial momentum corresponding to the oxygen jet channel 31 is small, its contribution to the coal powder collision mixing process is almost zero, so its main control point is on the length of the jet flame. Preferably, the angle β between the swirl line of the first swirling element 71 and the axial centerline of the support rod 310 is 60°. Since the hydrogen jet channel 32 is a hollow cylindrical structure, the centerline of the hydrogen jet channel 32 is the axial centerline of the hydrogen jet channel 32. The second swirling element 72 has a certain swirling direction, and the swirl line of the second swirling element 72 is formed by extending along its swirling direction, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the angle α between the swirl line of the second swirling element 72 and the axial centerline of the hydrogen jet channel 32 is 10° to 45°, for example, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, etc. Preferably, the angle α between the swirl line of the second swirling element 72 and the axial centerline of the hydrogen jet channel 32 is 25°. In the above embodiment, if the swirl angle between the swirling element and the axial centerline is too large, the flame length can be reduced, but the corresponding jet stiffness will be reduced accordingly. If the swirl angle between the swirling element and the axial centerline is too small, the flame length may not be reduced, thus failing to diffuse the axial momentum of the gas, causing the swirling element to fail to effectively perform its function. Therefore, by setting the angle as described above, the flame length can be reduced while ensuring the stiffness of the jet collision with the coal powder. When the hydrogen jet channel 32 is a hollow square column structure, the line extending from the midpoint of two adjacent faces of the hydrogen jet channel 32 and intersecting thereinter is the axial centerline of the hydrogen jet channel 32. The above-mentioned settings for the swirl angles of the first swirl element 71 and the second swirl element 72 do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. The specific values ​​of the swirl angles of the first swirl element 71 and the second swirl element 72 can be flexibly selected according to the actual jet direction requirements.

[0056] It should be noted that the above-described configuration of the first swirl element 71 and the second swirl element 72 is merely an exemplary configuration and does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. In practical applications, only the first swirl element 71 or the second swirl element 72 may be configured, as long as it can accelerate the hydrogen-oxygen mixing process and thus accelerate the combustion rate. For example, the second swirl element 72 is fixed on the inner wall of the hydrogen jet channel 32, while the oxygen jet channel 31 maintains its original single axial flow. Relying on the rotational flow of the axial momentum of hydrogen, the hydrogen-oxygen mixing process is accelerated, thereby accelerating the combustion rate.

[0057] In this embodiment, since the hydrogen gas already has a certain temperature (500-600°C) before entering the hydrogen distribution chamber 52, in order to avoid the coal conveying pipeline from heating up due to high temperature radiation and to prevent coal powder from sticking inside the coal powder channel 2, a heat insulation layer 8 is provided between the outer periphery of the coal powder channel 2 and the nozzle body 1. The heat insulation layer 8 can be made of materials such as heat insulation cotton.

[0058] Some embodiments of the present invention also provide a gasifier, including the above-mentioned hydrogasification nozzle. The hydrogasification nozzle can be set at the top of the furnace body, eliminating the combustion chamber and cooling system inside the nozzle body 1. After the oxygen and hydrogen in the nozzle body 1 are ejected from the oxygen jet outlet and hydrogen jet outlet respectively, they directly collide in the gasifier and undergo a strong combustion reaction to generate high-temperature hydrogen-rich gas of about 1200-1500°C. At the same time, the gas also impacts the raw coal powder ejected from the coal powder channel 2 at high speed, mixes with the raw coal powder, and undergoes a hydrogasification reaction after heating, producing methane, light aromatic oils, and semi-coke.

[0059] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0060] The above are merely specific embodiments of this disclosure, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not to be limited to these embodiments, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A hydrogenation vaporization nozzle, characterized in that, It includes a nozzle body (1), and the nozzle body (1) is provided with a coal powder channel (2) and an injection assembly (3). The injection assembly (3) includes an oxygen jet channel (31) and a hydrogen jet channel (32), one of which is fitted over the other. The oxygen jet channel (31) has an oxygen jet outlet (311), and the hydrogen jet channel (32) has a hydrogen jet outlet (321). The oxygen jet outlet (311) and the hydrogen jet outlet (321) are connected to the outside of the nozzle body (1) to form the injection outlet of the injection assembly (3). The oxygen ejected from the oxygen jet outlet (311) and the hydrogen ejected from the hydrogen jet outlet (321) meet at the injection outlet and undergo a combustion reaction. The pulverized coal channel (2) has a pulverized coal outlet (21), and the raw material ejected from the pulverized coal outlet (21) is suitable for mixing with the fuel ejected from the injection outlet to undergo a hydrogenation gasification reaction; A blunt body structure is provided on the jet path of the oxygen jet outlet (311) to reduce the axial momentum of the oxygen ejected from the oxygen jet outlet (311). The blunt body structure is an ellipsoid (6). The major radius of the ellipsoid (6) is 1.5 to 2.5 times the minor radius of the ellipsoid (6), the major radius of the ellipsoid (6) is 2 to 4 times the width of the oxygen jet channel (31), and the distance between the center of the ellipsoid (6) and the oxygen jet outlet (311) is 3 to 5 times the width of the oxygen jet channel (31).

2. The hydrogenation gasification nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pulverized coal channel (2) is located at the center of the nozzle body (1) and extends through the nozzle body (1). The number of the injection components (3) is multiple, and the multiple injection components (3) are evenly arranged around the circumference of the pulverized coal channel (2), and the injection outlets of the multiple injection components (3) are all arranged towards the center line of the pulverized coal channel (2).

3. The hydrogenation gasification nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The nozzle body (1) is provided with an oxygen supply pipeline (41), an oxygen distribution chamber (42), a hydrogen supply pipeline (51) and a hydrogen distribution chamber (52). The oxygen supply pipeline (41) is connected to the oxygen distribution chamber (42), and the hydrogen supply pipeline (51) is connected to the hydrogen distribution chamber (52). The inlets of the multiple oxygen jet channels (31) are all connected to the oxygen distribution chamber (42), and the inlets of the multiple hydrogen jet channels (32) are all connected to the hydrogen distribution chamber (52).

4. The hydrogasification nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The oxygen jet channel (31) is provided with a first swirl element (71) for converting the movement direction of oxygen at the oxygen jet outlet (311) into a swirling flow; and / or, A second swirl element (72) is provided inside the hydrogen jet channel (32) to convert the movement direction of hydrogen at the hydrogen jet outlet (321) into a swirling flow.

5. The hydrogenation gasification nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The hydrogen jet channel (32) is sleeved outside the oxygen jet channel (31). A support rod (310) is provided at the center of the oxygen jet channel (31). The first swirling element (71) includes a plurality of first swirling blades, which are fixed on the outer wall of the support rod (310) along the spiral direction. The second swirl element (72) includes a plurality of second swirl blades, which are fixed along the spiral direction on the outer wall of the oxygen jet channel (31).

6. The hydrogenation gasification nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that, Multiple first swirl blades are fixed to the outer wall of the support rod (310) along the first helical direction, and multiple second swirl blades are fixed to the outer wall of the oxygen jet channel (31) along the second helical direction; The first helical direction is the same as or opposite to the second helical direction.

7. The hydrogenation gasification nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that, The angle between the swirl line of the first swirl element (71) and the axial center line of the support rod (310) is 45~60°; The angle between the swirl line of the second swirling element (72) and the axial center line of the hydrogen jet channel (32) is 10~45°.

8. A gasifier, characterized in that, Includes the hydrogenation gasification nozzle as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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