A submarine cable pile in-walking structure suitable for deep water sea area and a pulling method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a submarine cable pile-in wiring structure suitable for deep water sea areas, which comprises a steel pipe pile and a submarine cable guide structure arranged on the steel pipe pile to guide the submarine cable; the submarine cable guide structure comprises a lower submarine cable guide structure and an upper submarine cable guide structure; the upper submarine cable guide structure comprises an inner platform cable port. The segmented submarine cable guide channel built in the steel pipe pile cooperates with the rear-mounted cable port, which not only ensures the smooth sinking of the steel pipe pile, but also plays a guiding role in the smooth entry of the submarine cable into the pile; the matched submarine cable traction scheme can effectively improve the submarine cable traction construction efficiency, and in cooperation with the backup traction structure, the quick threading of the submarine cable traction rope after the on-site sinking of the pile is realized, which provides a reliable and efficient remedy scheme for the construction scene of the missing or broken pre-installed traction rope.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of offshore wind power technology, specifically to a cable routing structure and its traction method for submarine cable piles suitable for deep-water areas. Background Technology

[0002] Offshore wind power, as a clean energy source, boasts advantages such as abundant wind resources, proximity to coastal power load centers, and noise-free operation far from shore, making it a key area for new energy development worldwide. Offshore electricity is primarily transmitted and utilized via submarine cables. In shallow waters, submarine cables are currently installed on the equipment platform via J-shaped conduits outside the wind turbine foundation structure. However, in waters deeper than 30 meters, the external cable conduit structure is difficult to install due to its length and flexibility; furthermore, it creates a water-blocking structure, increasing wave and current loads on the structure, which is detrimental. Therefore, an internal cable routing scheme is generally adopted.

[0003] For example, the monopile foundation for an offshore wind turbine disclosed in patent number [CN206706811U] proposes a scheme in which the submarine cable enters the pile through an opening in the pile body and is then led up through the cable access hole on the inner platform. This is currently the mainstream practice for deep-water monopile foundations, but there are still several aspects that can be improved. First, the opening in the pile body leads to stress concentration, and in order to meet the strength requirements, the thickness of the steel in the cable hole and adjacent pipe sections needs to be increased significantly. Second, practice has shown that the previous flared design at the cable inlet has been eliminated, which increases the difficulty of pulling the cable into the pile. Third, if the pre-installed cable traction rope breaks after the pile is driven, it is difficult to re-thread it on site.

[0004] For example, patent number [CN208933997U] discloses a J-shaped pipe scheme for offshore wind power monopile foundations, with the flared end located outside the pile, and the cable conduit connected to the inner wall of the pile via a horizontal support. While this scheme solves the aforementioned problems, new issues arise during implementation. For instance, during pile driving, there is typically a pile stabilization platform or pile frame equipped with a "pile gripper" for straightening the steel pipe pile. If the flared end is pre-welded to the outside of the pile, it cannot grip the pile, adversely affecting the pile driving process. Furthermore, submarine cables are generally led up from near the center of the steel pipe pile. In deep-water monopile foundations, the pile diameter can reach 9-10 meters, resulting in a long horizontal support, increasing the risk of vibration damage during pile driving and also increasing the amount of steel used in the structure.

[0005] Therefore, regarding the cable routing problem within offshore wind turbine piles in deep waters, while existing pile-hole and internal cable routing schemes are simple in structure, the pile-hole causes stress concentration, leading to a significant increase in steel consumption. Furthermore, the lack of a flared structure at the cable inlet makes cable traction difficult. Moreover, if the cable traction rope breaks after pile driving without a backup, re-threading is challenging, reducing the efficiency and success rate of cable traction. While the J-shaped tube scheme within the pile can solve these problems, the pre-welded flared opening on the outside of the pile is detrimental to pile driving, and the internal fixing structure is susceptible to vibration damage during the driving process. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The primary objective of this invention is to provide a cable routing structure within a cable bollard suitable for deep-sea areas and facilitating the pulling of submarine cables. The following technical solution is adopted to achieve this:

[0007] A cable routing structure for deep-water applications includes a steel pipe pile and a cable guiding structure mounted on the steel pipe pile to guide the submarine cable. The cable guiding structure comprises a lower cable guiding structure and an upper cable guiding structure. The lower cable guiding structure guides the submarine cable into the steel pipe pile. The upper cable guiding structure includes an inner platform cable port. The lower cable guiding structure includes a rear-mounted cable port located outside the steel pipe pile to guide the cable directly into the pile. A section of cable conduit located inside the steel pipe pile and connected to the rear-mounted cable port is provided, and the steel pipe pile is provided with a corresponding submarine cable hole; an inner platform structure is provided on the upper part of the steel pipe pile, and the inner platform structure includes an inner platform plate; the inner platform cable port is provided through the inner platform plate, and a first flared part is provided at the bottom of the inner platform cable port; a second flared part is provided on the outside of the rear-mounted cable port; the cable conduit inside the pile and the inner platform cable port form a segmented upper and lower submarine cable routing guide channel inside the steel pipe pile.

[0008] Furthermore: an installation plate is provided on the outer surface of the steel pipe pile; an upward-facing hanging groove is formed in the installation plate to assemble and disassemble the rear-mounted cable port, and a notch is provided on the installation plate to mate with the second flared portion.

[0009] Furthermore: the rear-mounted cable port includes a mounting plate connected to the second flared portion and is provided with lifting lugs; the bottom of the mounting plate is provided with a wedge-shaped portion.

[0010] Furthermore: the inner platform cable port includes a straight pipe section connected to the inner platform plate; both ends of the straight pipe section are connected to the first flared portion and the flange, respectively.

[0011] Furthermore: the steel pipe pile is provided with a normal attachment point structure that cooperates with the submarine cable guiding structure for attaching the submarine cable tow rope; the normal attachment point structure includes a first attachment point and a second attachment point that cooperate with the first tow rope, which are set on the steel pipe pile; and a third attachment point and a fourth attachment point that cooperate with the second tow rope, which are set on the inner platform plate; the first attachment point is set on the outer surface of the steel pipe pile near its upper end; a hatch is provided through the inner platform plate, and a bracket ring plate is connected between the inner platform plate and the inner wall of the steel pipe pile; the second attachment point is set on the bracket ring plate near the hatch; the third attachment point is set on the top surface of the inner platform plate near the inner platform cable port; and the fourth attachment point is set on the bottom surface of the inner platform plate near the hatch.

[0012] Furthermore: a backup traction structure is provided inside the steel pipe pile. The backup traction structure includes a lower rope guide structure located between the lower submarine cable guide structure and the upper submarine cable guide structure. The lower rope guide structure includes a guide pipe. The guide pipe is connected between the first flared portion and the cable pipe inside the pile, and the guide pipe communicates with the side wall of the first flared portion. The guide pipe includes a vertical section and a horizontal section, which are respectively close to the lower part of the inner platform plate and the inner wall of the steel pipe pile and are connected to the inner platform plate and the steel pipe pile through a connecting structure. The bottom of the guide pipe is aligned with the port of the cable pipe inside the pile that is inclined upward, and there is a gap between the two. The guide pipe has a slot that matches the diameter of the submarine cable traction rope. The slot communicates with both ends of the guide pipe, and the side wall of the first flared portion extends through the slot at the connection with the guide pipe.

[0013] Furthermore: the steel pipe pile is provided with a backup attachment point structure that cooperates with the submarine cable guiding structure, the backup attachment point structure including a fifth attachment point that cooperates with the third traction rope; the fifth attachment point is located on the top surface of the inner platform plate near the inner platform cable port.

[0014] The second objective of this invention is to provide two methods for traction connection of submarine cables using the cooperation between the cable guide structure and the attachment point structure. The following technical solutions are adopted accordingly:

[0015] A method for traction of submarine cables in a cable-laying structure within a submarine cable pile suitable for deep-water areas is provided for operating the cable-laying structure within the submarine cable pile. Before the steel pipe pile is driven, a first traction rope and a second traction rope are pre-placed. After the pile driving construction and the installation of the inner platform plate are completed, the two are connected to form a cable traction path. The cable connected to the traction rope is then pulled into the pile by a traction device and connected to the wind turbine transformer.

[0016] Before pile driving, one end of the first traction rope is pre-tied to the first hanging point, and the other end is passed through the cable pipe inside the pile from the outside of the steel pipe pile to the inside of the pile, and tied to the second hanging point.

[0017] Before installing the inner platform plate, one end of the second traction rope is tied to the third hanging point, and the other end passes through the inner platform cable port, is led from the top surface of the inner platform plate to the bottom surface, and tied to the fourth hanging point.

[0018] After the steel pipe pile driving construction, the inner platform plate is installed on the corbel ring plate. The first traction rope and the second traction rope around the hatch position are untied from their hanging points and connected. The second traction rope is used to lead the first traction rope out of the inner platform cable port to the top of the inner platform plate.

[0019] Disconnect the first traction rope from the first hanging point, insert the rear-mounted cable port, and use lifting equipment to lower the rear-mounted cable port along the pile wall and insert it into the mounting plate;

[0020] Connect the outer joint of the first traction rope to the head of the submarine cable, and connect the upper joint of the inner platform of the first traction rope to the traction equipment to carry out the traction construction of the submarine cable.

[0021] Another method for cable pulling in deep-water cable pile internal routing structures is used to operate the aforementioned cable pile internal routing structure suitable for deep-water areas. After the steel pipe pile driving construction and the inner platform plate installation are completed, the third traction rope is used in conjunction with the backup traction structure to thread the traction rope from top to bottom to form a cable pulling path. The cable connected to the third traction rope is then pulled into the pile by the traction equipment and connected to the wind turbine transformer.

[0022] After the steel pipe pile driving construction and the inner platform plate installation are completed, the rear-mounted cable port is lowered along the pile wall using lifting equipment and inserted into the mounting plate;

[0023] One end of the third traction rope is connected to the fifth hanging point, and the other end is connected to the weight, which can form a sliding fit with the inside of the guide tube;

[0024] The third traction rope, with the weight attached at one end, is lowered from the inner platform cable port and slid into the guide tube. At the same time, the third traction rope slides along the groove, and the weight slides down the guide tube under the action of gravity until it falls into the cable pipe inside the pile and exits the pile through the rear-mounted cable port.

[0025] The external connector of the third traction rope is connected to the head of the submarine cable, and the upper connector of the inner platform of the third traction rope is connected to the traction equipment to carry out the traction construction of the submarine cable.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] This invention provides a novel cable routing scheme within the pile. Through a segmented cable guide channel built into the steel pipe pile, coupled with a post-installed cable port, it ensures that the subsequent submarine cable can be smoothly threaded into the port, reducing damage to the cable itself. It also solves the problem of not being able to grip the pile during driving, thus affecting pile driving. This scheme, along with a matching submarine cable traction system, effectively improves the efficiency of submarine cable traction construction. Furthermore, in conjunction with a backup traction structure, it enables rapid threading of the submarine cable traction rope after pile driving is completed on-site, providing a reliable and efficient remedial solution for construction scenarios such as missing or broken pre-installed traction ropes. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the cable routing structure inside the submarine cable pile of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cable conduit inside the pile according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the cable port of the inner platform of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rear-mounted cable port of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the backup traction structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the guide tube of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the traction method of the present invention with the first traction rope and the second traction rope working together;

[0035] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A structural diagram of the central hanging point structure;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the traction method of the present invention, which uses the third traction rope and the backup traction structure in combination.

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the submarine cable clamp and the installation pipe of the present invention.

[0038] The markings in the attached diagram are as follows: 1-Steel pipe pile; 11-Submarine cable hole; 2-Inner platform structure; 21-Corner ring plate; 22-Inner platform plate; 23-Hatch; 3-Inner cable conduit; 31-Installation pipe; 32-Connecting stiffening plate; 4-Inner platform cable port; 41-Flange; 42-Straight pipe section; 43-First flared section; 5-Rear-mounted cable port; 51-Second flared section; 52-Hanging plate; 53-Wedge-shaped section; 54-Guide hole; 55-Lifting lug; 6-Mounting plate; 61-Notch; 7-Guide tube; 71-First segment tube; 72-Second segment tube; 8-Reinforcing tube; 9-Slot; 101-First traction rope; 102-Second traction rope; 103-Third traction rope; 111-First attachment point; 112-Second attachment point; 113-Third attachment point; 114-Fourth attachment point; 115-Fifth attachment point; 12-Weight; a-Submarine cable; b-Submarine cable clamp; c-Bending limiter. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but this should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0040] like Figure 1-10 As shown, a cable routing structure for deep-water applications includes a steel pipe pile 1 and a cable guiding structure installed on the steel pipe pile 1 to guide the submarine cable a. The cable guiding structure includes a lower cable guiding structure and an upper cable guiding structure. The lower cable guiding structure is used to guide the submarine cable into the steel pipe pile 1. The upper cable guiding structure includes an inner platform cable port 4. The lower cable guiding structure includes a rear-mounted cable port 5 located outside the steel pipe pile 1 to guide the submarine cable a directly into the steel pipe pile 1, and a section located inside the steel pipe pile 1 connected to the rear-mounted cable port 5. The steel pipe pile 1 is equipped with a corresponding cable conduit 3 and a submarine cable hole 11. An inner platform structure 2 is set on the upper part of the steel pipe pile 1. The inner platform structure 2 includes a corbel ring plate 21 welded to the inner wall of the steel pipe pile 1 and an inner platform plate 22 connected thereto. The inner platform plate 22 is installed after the pile driving is completed. The inner platform cable port 4 is installed through the inner platform plate 22. The bottom of the inner platform cable port 4 is provided with a first flared part 43. The rear-mounted cable port 5 is provided with a second flared part 51. The cable conduit 3 and the inner platform cable port 4 form a segmented submarine cable a routing channel in the upper and lower parts inside the steel pipe pile 1.

[0041] In this embodiment, three sets of submarine cable guiding structures are provided, and the three sets of submarine cable guiding structures are distributed circumferentially on the steel pipe pile 1 at equal angles with the axis of the steel pipe pile 1 as the center. The first flared part 43 and the second flared part 51 are both arc-shaped flared mouths, and the large end of the flared mouth is the entry end of the submarine cable a into and out of the steel pipe pile 1.

[0042] For the lower submarine cable guiding structure, the post-installed cable port 5 is installed outside the steel pipe pile 1 after the pile is driven. This ensures the smooth driving of the steel pipe pile 1 and guides the submarine cable a into the pile. The cable conduit 3 inside the pile is pre-welded to the inner wall of the steel pipe pile 1, cooperating with the post-installed cable port 5 to form a connection between the inside and outside of the steel pipe pile 1, thus guiding the submarine cable directly upwards when it enters the steel pipe pile 1. The preferred method for the post-installed cable port 5 is to detachably install it outside the steel pipe pile 1.

[0043] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the cable hole 11 is obliquely installed inside the lower part of the steel pipe pile 1, which further cooperates with the cable pipe 3 inside the pile to determine and guide the routing direction of the cable a inside the steel pipe pile 1. The cable hole 11 is opened at a distance of 2-3m above the seabed mud surface after the steel pipe pile 1 is driven. The cable hole 11 is inclined towards the center of the steel pipe pile 1, and its inclination angle is 45°.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, the cable conduit 3 inside the pile includes an installation pipe 31 that is inclined upward inside the steel pipe pile 1; and a connecting stiffener 32 is connected between the installation pipe 31 and the inner wall of the steel pipe pile 1, and the connecting stiffener 32 is disposed on the outer surface of the installation pipe 31 facing the bottom end of the steel pipe pile 1. The outer opening of the installation pipe 31 is flush with the outer wall of the steel pipe pile 1, and the inner opening extends into the steel pipe pile 1 for a certain length.

[0045] like Figure 2 and 4 As shown, the outer surface of the steel pipe pile 1 is provided with an installation plate 6 that surrounds the submarine cable hole 11 and cooperates with the rear-mounted cable port 5; the installation plate 6 forms an upward-facing hanging groove that cooperates with the rear-mounted cable port 5 for disassembly and assembly, and the installation plate 6 is provided with a notch 61 that cooperates with the second flared part 51.

[0046] In this embodiment, the notch 61 is U-shaped, and the opening direction of the notch 61 is the same as the opening direction of the hanging groove, both facing upwards, which facilitates the placement of the rear-mounted cable port 5.

[0047] like Figure 1-2 As shown in Figure 4, the rear-mounted cable port 5 includes a mounting plate 52 connected to the second flared portion 51 and is provided with a lifting lug 55; the bottom of the mounting plate 52 is provided with a wedge-shaped portion 53.

[0048] In this embodiment, the wedge-shaped part 53 has a single-sided inclined surface along the insertion direction of the rear-mounted cable port 5. Alternatively, the inclined surface can be positioned on the inner and outer sides of the hanging plate 52 to facilitate the insertion of the hanging plate 52 into the hanging groove when the rear-mounted cable port 5 is lowered. Furthermore, a guide hole 54 is provided in the hanging plate 52 to connect and cooperate with the second flared part 51 and the cable pipe 3 inside the pile. The placement angle of the second flared part 51 is consistent with the angle of the submarine cable hole 11 and the cable pipe 3 inside the pile, and the opening angle of the guide hole 54 is consistent with the opening angle of the submarine cable hole 11. This facilitates the connection between the guide hole 54 and the cable pipe 3 inside the pile when the rear-mounted cable port 5 is lowered into the hanging groove of the mounting plate 6, thereby directly guiding the submarine cable a upward path as it enters the steel pipe pile 1.

[0049] Meanwhile, there are three lifting lugs 55, two of which are set on the top of the hanging plate 52 and the other is set above the second flared part 51. The axis of the lifting lug 55 on the second flared part 51 is arranged perpendicularly to the axis of the lifting lug 55 on the hanging plate 52, so that the lifting lugs 55 form a triangle to stabilize the rear-mounted cable port 5 as it passes under the lifting equipment and during the installation process.

[0050] like Figure 1 and 7 As shown in Figure -8, the bracket ring plate 21 forms a welded connection with the inner platform plate 22; a hatch 23 is provided through the inner platform plate 22 to operate the submarine cable towing rope. This facilitates the connection of the submarine cable towing ropes through the hatch 23 to achieve the towing of submarine cable a.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, the inner platform cable port 4 includes a straight pipe section 42 connected to the inner platform plate 22; both ends of the straight pipe section 42 are connected to a first flared part 43 and a flange 41, respectively. The first flared part 43 is used for leading the submarine cable a from inside the steel pipe pile 1, and the flange 41 is used for anchoring the submarine cable a after the submarine cable is pulled.

[0052] like Figure 5-8As shown, a backup traction structure is provided inside the steel pipe pile 1. The backup traction structure includes a lower rope guide structure located between the lower submarine cable guide structure and the upper submarine cable guide structure. The lower rope guide structure includes a guide pipe 7. The guide pipe 7 is connected between the first flared part 43 and the cable pipe 3 inside the pile, and the guide pipe 7 is connected to the side wall of the first flared part 43. The guide pipe 7 includes a vertical section and a horizontal section, which are respectively close to the lower part of the inner platform plate 22 and the inner wall of the steel pipe pile 1 and are connected to the inner platform plate 22 and the steel pipe pile 1 through a connecting structure. The bottom of the guide pipe 7 is aligned with the inclined upward port of the cable pipe 3 inside the pile, and there is a gap between the two. The guide pipe 7 has a slot 9 with a diameter matching the submarine cable traction rope on the center side facing the steel pipe pile 1. The slot 9 connects the two ends of the guide pipe 7. The side wall of the first flared part 43 is connected to the guide pipe 7 and extends through the slot 9 at the connection point with the guide pipe 7. The edges of groove 9 are chamfered and rounded, allowing the submarine cable traction rope to slide freely within groove 9 without being damaged.

[0053] In this embodiment, the connection structure includes a reinforcing pipe 8, which is connected between the guide pipe 7 and the inner wall of the steel pipe pile 1 and the inner platform plate 22. The reinforcing pipe 8 makes the guide pipe 7 fit tightly against the inner platform plate 22 and the pile wall of the steel pipe pile 1, and can strengthen the support strength of the guide pipe 7, thereby shortening the required length of the cable pipe 3 inside the pile. At the same time, the multiple reinforcing pipes 8 are preferably distributed at equal intervals.

[0054] like Figure 5 and 8 As shown, the guide pipe 7 includes a segmented first segment pipe 71 and a second segment pipe 72. The first segment pipe 71 is set close to the bottom of the inner platform plate 22. The second segment pipe 72 is set close to the inner wall of the steel pipe pile 1 and along the axis of the steel pipe pile 1. A guide port for transition connection is set between the second segment pipe 72 and the first segment pipe 71. The second segment pipe 72 includes an upper flared mouth, an arc segment and a straight segment connected sequentially from top to bottom along the axis of the steel pipe pile 1. The upper flared mouth is located at a certain distance below the corbel ring plate 21, and the upper flared mouth wraps around the end of the first segment pipe 71 away from the center of the steel pipe pile 1 to form a transition connection. The lower outlet of the straight segment is aligned with the inner opening of the installation pipe 31.

[0055] like Figure 1-2As shown, the outer opening of the installation pipe 31 is flush with the outer wall of the steel pipe pile 1, and the inner opening extends into the steel pipe pile 1 for a certain length. The top of the inner opening is flattened or connected to a trumpet-shaped guide, which increases the area and range of the inner opening to facilitate the stable catching of the heavy object 12 that slips from the guide pipe 7. The gap between the guide pipe 7 and the installation pipe 31 effectively prevents interference between the submarine cable a and the guide pipe 7 when the cable is pulled from outside the steel pipe pile 1 to inside the pile, thus avoiding the failure of the cable a to be pulled. When the top of the inner opening is flattened, all edges of the inner and outer openings are chamfered and rounded. This ensures the integrity of the submarine cable a when it enters the steel pipe pile 1, preventing damage. For the submarine cable a that has already been connected to the wind turbine foundation inside the steel pipe pile 1, it can be inserted into the installation pipe 31 with the help of the submarine cable clamp b to fix the submarine cable a to the steel pipe pile 1.

[0056] In this embodiment, the cross-section of the guide pipe 7 after the first segment pipe 71 and the second segment pipe 72 are combined is inverted L-shaped. Specifically, the first segment pipe 71 slopes outwards and downwards from the center of the steel pipe pile 1, with the end furthest from the center of the steel pipe pile 1 forming a downward bend. The slot 9 in the first segment pipe 71 is vertically downwards, and a vertically downward slot 9 is also formed at the connection between the first flared portion 43 and the first segment pipe 71. Furthermore, the slot 9 in the second segment pipe 72 is oriented towards the center of the steel pipe pile 1.

[0057] The diameter of the straight section of the second segment pipe 72 is smaller than the diameter of the mounting pipe 31, so that when the weight 12 slides into the mounting pipe 31, it can slide smoothly into the inner opening of the mounting pipe 31, avoiding the failure of the third traction rope 103 to slide out of the mounting pipe 31.

[0058] In this embodiment, since the first segmented pipe 71 in the guide pipe 7 is welded to the side wall of the first flared portion 43, the inside of the guide pipe 7 is connected to the inside of the first flared portion 43. This allows the weight 12 connected to the submarine cable to be quickly slid into the guide pipe 7 through the first flared portion 43 when used with the submarine cable towing rope. At the same time, since the slot 9 passes through the first flared portion 43 downwards, when using the third towing rope 103, it can be made to hang in the steel pipe pile 1. Through the placement position of the guide pipe 7 and the opening position of the slot 9, the third towing rope 103 is prevented from being dragged into the guide pipe 7 and interfering with the weight 12, thus affecting its descent.

[0059] like Figure 5-9As shown, the steel pipe pile 1 is provided with a first attachment point and a second attachment point that cooperate with the first traction rope 101. The first attachment point 111 is located on the outer surface of the steel pipe pile 1 near its upper end, and the second attachment point 112 is located on the bracket ring plate 21 near the inner platform hatch 23. The inner platform plate 22 is provided with a third attachment point 113 and a fourth attachment point 114 that cooperate with the second traction rope 102. The third attachment point 113 is located on the top surface of the inner platform plate 22 near the inner platform cable port 4, and the fourth attachment point 114 is located on the bottom surface of the inner platform plate 22 near the hatch 23.

[0060] like Figure 5-9 As shown, the steel pipe pile 1 is equipped with a backup attachment point structure that cooperates with the submarine cable guiding structure. The backup attachment point structure includes a fifth attachment point 115 that cooperates with the third traction rope 103. The fifth attachment point 115 is located on the top surface of the inner platform plate 22 near the inner platform cable port 4. One end of the third traction rope 103 is connected to the fifth attachment point 115, and the other end is connected to a weight 12. The weight pulls the third traction rope 103 into the guide pipe 7 under its own weight, thereby leading the third traction rope 103 out of the pile.

[0061] Among them, the fifth attachment point 115 can be the same as the third attachment point 113. By sharing a single attachment point, the number of attachment points required for attaching the traction rope can be reduced.

[0062] In this embodiment, the weight 12 is spherical, and its diameter is 20mm smaller than the inner diameter of the guide tube 7. The diameter of the weight 12 is also smaller than the diameter of the mounting tube 31, so that the weight 12 can slide out of the mounting tube 31.

[0063] In this embodiment, all attachment points use hooks and are welded to the steel structure surface. The connection between the traction rope and the attachment point can be made using a spring shackle for easy on-site disassembly. The third traction rope 103 can also be connected to the weight 12 using a spring shackle. The second attachment point 112 and the fourth attachment point 114 are located at the hatch 23, which facilitates the operation of the first and second traction ropes by construction personnel after the inner platform plate 22 is installed.

[0064] like Figure 7-8 As shown in Figure 10, under normal circumstances, the submarine cable a is pulled by the first traction rope 101 and the second traction rope 102. The steps are as follows:

[0065] S1: Pre-set the first traction rope 101 on the steel pipe pile 1: Before the pile driving construction, one end of the first traction rope 101 is pre-tied to the first hanging point 111, and the other end is passed through the installation pipe 31 from the outside of the steel pipe pile 1 to the inside of the pile, and tied to the second hanging point 112 of the corbel ring plate 21.

[0066] S2: Pre-installation of the second traction rope 102 on the inner platform structure 2: Before the inner platform plate 22 is installed, one end of the second traction rope 102 is pre-tied to the third hanging point 113, and the other end passes through the inner platform cable port 4, is led from the top surface of the inner platform plate 22 to the bottom surface and tied to the fourth hanging point 114.

[0067] S3: On-site traction rope is led from the pile to the top of the inner platform structure 2: After the steel pipe pile 1 is driven and the inner platform plate 22 is installed, the construction workers stand on the inner platform plate 22 and untie the first traction rope 101 and the second traction rope 102 around the hatch 23 from their hanging points and connect them. The construction workers use the second traction rope 102 to lead the first traction rope 101 out of the inner platform cable port 4 to the top of the inner platform plate 22.

[0068] S4: Installation of the rear-mounted cable port 5: Disconnect the connection between the first traction rope 101 and the first hanging point 111, insert the rear-mounted cable port 5, and use the lifting equipment to lower the rear-mounted cable port 5 along the wall of the steel pipe pile 1, thereby inserting the rear-mounted cable port 5 into the hanging groove of the mounting plate 6.

[0069] S5: Connect submarine cable a to the traction rope and the traction rope to the traction equipment to carry out the traction construction of submarine cable a: The construction personnel connect the pile external joint of the first traction rope 101 to the head of submarine cable a on the water, and untie the other end from the third hanging point 113 and connect it to the traction equipment, thereby pulling submarine cable a into the steel pipe pile 1, and further leading submarine cable a through the inner platform cable port 4, and completing the anchoring of submarine cable a to the inner platform cable port 4, and the connection with the wind turbine transformer.

[0070] S6: Fixing of submarine cable a to steel pipe pile 1: Before the submarine cable traction construction, the submarine cable clamp b is fixed at an appropriate position on the submarine cable in advance, and the bending limiter c is connected in advance; after the submarine cable is pulled into place, the submarine cable clamp b is inserted into the installation pipe 31 and fixed to the steel pipe pile 1, and the bending limiter c protects the submarine cable to avoid damage caused by excessive swing during subsequent operation.

[0071] like Figure 9-10 As shown, if the first traction rope 101 and the second traction rope 102 are not pre-installed before pile driving, or if they break after pile driving and the above-mentioned method cannot be used to pull the submarine cable, the third traction rope 103 must be used in conjunction with the backup traction structure to pull the submarine cable a after the pile driving and inner platform plate installation are completed. The steps are as follows:

[0072] S1: Installation of the rear-mounted cable port 5: After the steel pipe pile 1 is driven into the ground, the rear-mounted cable port 5 is lowered along the pile wall using a lifting device and inserted into the hanging groove of the mounting plate 6.

[0073] S2: Connect the third traction rope 103 to the weight 12: After the inner platform plate 22 is installed, the construction workers stand on the inner platform plate 22 and connect one end of the third traction rope 103 to the fifth hanging point 115 and the other end to the weight 12.

[0074] S3: Release the third traction rope 103 and the weight 12 to guide the third traction rope 103 out of the steel pipe pile 1: lower the entire third traction rope 103 from the inner platform cable port 4 and let it hang down naturally. Then lower the end of the third traction rope 103 with the weight 12 attached from the inner platform cable port 4, lower it from the upper opening of the first segment pipe 71 and slide it into it. At the same time, let the third traction rope 103 slide along the groove 9. Use the weight 12 to slide down along the guide pipe 7 under the action of gravity, pass through the second segment pipe 72 and enter the installation pipe 31 until it passes out of the pile from the second flared part 51 of the rear-mounted cable port 5.

[0075] S4: Connect submarine cable a to the towing rope and the towing equipment to carry out the construction of towing submarine cable a: The diver leads the third towing rope 103 to the water outside the steel pipe pile 1, and connects the joint of the third towing rope 103 extending outside the pile to the head of submarine cable a. The other end is untied from the fifth hanging point 115 and connected to the towing equipment. In this way, submarine cable a is pulled into the steel pipe pile 1, and further, submarine cable a is led up through the inner platform cable port 4, and the anchoring of submarine cable a to the inner platform cable port 4 and the connection to the wind turbine transformer are completed.

[0076] S6: Fixing of submarine cable a to steel pipe pile 1: Before the submarine cable traction construction, the submarine cable clamp b is fixed at an appropriate position on the submarine cable in advance, and the bending limiter c is connected in advance; after the submarine cable is pulled into place, the submarine cable clamp b is inserted into the installation pipe 31 and fixed to the steel pipe pile 1, and the bending limiter c protects the submarine cable to avoid damage caused by excessive swing during subsequent operation.

[0077] To ensure the smooth construction of the above two methods, after the pile driving is completed, the position of the mud surface inside the steel pipe pile 1 should be checked to ensure that the installation plate 6, the cable pipe 3 inside the pile, and the guide pipe 7 are not blocked by the soil. Otherwise, the mud should be cleared in advance to ensure that the traction channel of the submarine cable a is unobstructed.

[0078] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or substitutions to the technical solutions or parameters in the embodiments can be made without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cable routing structure for deep-sea cable piles, comprising a steel pipe pile (1) and a cable guiding structure disposed on the steel pipe pile (1) to guide the submarine cable (a); characterized in that: The submarine cable guiding structure includes a lower submarine cable guiding structure and an upper submarine cable guiding structure; the lower submarine cable guiding structure is used to guide the submarine cable into the interior of the steel pipe pile (1); The upper submarine cable guiding structure includes an inner platform cable port (4); the lower submarine cable guiding structure includes a rear-mounted cable port (5) located outside the steel pipe pile (1) to guide the submarine cable (a) directly into the steel pipe pile (1), and a section of cable pipe (3) located inside the steel pipe pile (1) and connected to the rear-mounted cable port (5), and the steel pipe pile (1) is provided with a corresponding submarine cable hole (11). The steel pipe pile (1) is provided with an inner platform structure (2) on the upper part, the inner platform structure (2) includes an inner platform plate (22); the inner platform cable port (4) is provided through the inner platform plate (22), and the bottom of the inner platform cable port (4) is provided with a first flared part (43). The rear-mounted cable port (5) is provided with a second flared section (51) on the outside; The cable conduit (3) inside the pile and the cable port (4) on the inner platform form a segmented upper and lower guide channel for the submarine cable (a) inside the steel pipe pile (1); The steel pipe pile (1) is provided with an installation plate (6) on its outer surface; The mounting plate (6) forms an upward-facing hanging groove that assembles and disassembles with the rear-mounted cable port (5), and the mounting plate (6) is provided with a notch (61) that assembles with the second flared part (51). The rear-mounted cable port (5) includes a mounting plate (52) connected to the second flared portion (51) and is provided with a lifting lug (55); The bottom of the hanging plate (52) is provided with a wedge-shaped part (53); The steel pipe pile (1) is provided with a normal hanging point structure inside and outside, which cooperates with the submarine cable guiding structure. The normal hanging point structure forms a hanging point for the submarine cable traction rope. The normal hanging point structure includes a first hanging point (111) and a second hanging point (112) set on the steel pipe pile (1) to cooperate with the first traction rope (101), and a third hanging point (113) and a fourth hanging point (114) set on the inner platform plate (22) to cooperate with the second traction rope (102). The first hanging point (111) is located on the outer surface of the steel pipe pile (1) near its upper end; A hatch (23) is provided through the inner platform plate (22); a corbel ring plate (21) is connected between the inner platform plate (22) and the inner wall of the steel pipe pile (1), and the second hanging point (112) is provided on the corbel ring plate (21) near the hatch (23); The third hanging point (113) is located on the top surface of the inner platform plate (22) near the inner platform cable port (4); The fourth attachment point (114) is located on the bottom surface of the inner platform plate (22) near the hatch (23).

2. The cable routing structure for submarine cable bollards suitable for deep-water areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner platform cable port (4) includes a straight pipe section (42) connected to the inner platform plate (22). The straight pipe section (42) is connected at both ends to the first flared part (43) and the flange (41), respectively.

3. The cable routing structure for submarine cable bollards suitable for deep-water areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel pipe pile (1) is provided with a backup traction structure, which includes a lower rope guide structure located between the lower submarine cable guide structure and the upper submarine cable guide structure. The lower rope guide structure includes a guide pipe (7). The guide pipe (7) is connected between the first flared part (43) and the cable pipe (3) inside the pile, and the guide pipe (7) is connected to the side wall of the first flared part (43). The guide pipe (7) includes a vertical section and a horizontal section, which are respectively close to the lower part of the inner platform plate (22) and the inner wall of the steel pipe pile (1) and are connected to the inner platform plate (22) and the steel pipe pile (1) through a connecting structure. The bottom of the guide pipe (7) is aligned with the port of the inclined upward-facing cable pipe (3) inside the pile, and there is a gap between them; The guide tube (7) has a slot (9) that matches the diameter of the submarine cable traction rope. The slot (9) connects the two ends of the guide tube (7). The side wall of the first flared part (43) extends through the slot (9) at the connection between the guide tube (7). The steel pipe pile (1) is provided with a backup hanging point structure that cooperates with the submarine cable guiding structure. The backup hanging point structure includes a fifth hanging point (115) that cooperates with the third traction rope (103). The fifth hanging point (115) is located on the top surface of the inner platform plate (22) near the inner platform cable port (4).

4. A method for pulling submarine cables within a cable bollard structure suitable for deep-water areas, used to operate on a cable routing structure within a cable bollard as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Before the steel pipe pile (1) is driven, the first traction rope (101) and the second traction rope (102) are placed in advance. After the pile driving construction and the inner platform plate (22) are installed, the two are connected to form a submarine cable traction path. The submarine cable (a) connected to the traction rope is pulled into the pile by the traction equipment and connected to the wind turbine transformer. Before the pile driving construction, one end of the first traction rope (101) is pre-tied to the first hanging point (111) outside the pile, and the other end is passed through the cable pipe (3) inside the pile and led from the outside of the steel pipe pile (1) to the inside of the pile, and tied to the second hanging point (112) inside the pile. Before the inner platform plate (22) is installed, one end of the second traction rope (102) is tied to the third hanging point (113), and the other end passes through the inner platform cable port (4), is passed from the top surface of the inner platform plate (22) to the bottom surface and tied to the fourth hanging point (114); After the steel pipe pile (1) is driven, the inner platform plate (22) is installed on the corbel ring plate (21). The first traction rope (101) and the second traction rope (102) around the hatch (23) are untied from their attachment points and connected. The first traction rope (101) is led out of the inner platform cable port (4) to the top of the inner platform plate (22) using the second traction rope (102). Unconnect the first traction rope (101) to the first hanging point (111), insert the rear-mounted cable port (5), and use a lifting device to lower the rear-mounted cable port (5) along the pile wall and insert it into the mounting plate (6). Connect the outer joint of the first traction rope (101) to the head of the submarine cable (a), and connect the upper joint of the inner platform of the first traction rope (101) to the traction equipment to carry out the traction construction of the submarine cable (a).

5. A method for pulling submarine cables within a cable bollard structure suitable for deep-water areas, used to operate on a cable routing structure within a cable bollard as described in claim 3, characterized in that: After the steel pipe pile (1) is driven and the inner platform plate (22) is installed, the third traction rope (103) is used in conjunction with the backup traction structure to guide the traction rope from top to bottom to form a submarine cable traction path. The submarine cable (a) connected to the third traction rope (103) is then pulled into the pile by the traction equipment and connected to the wind turbine transformer. After the pile driving construction and the inner platform plate installation are completed, the rear-mounted cable port (5) is lowered along the pile wall using lifting equipment and inserted into the mounting plate (6); One end of the third traction rope (103) is connected to the fifth hanging point (115), and the other end is connected to the weight (12). The weight (12) can form a sliding fit with the inside of the guide tube (7). The third traction rope (103) with the weight (12) attached is lowered from the inner platform cable port (4) and slid into the guide tube (7). At the same time, the third traction rope (103) slides along the groove (9). The weight (12) slides down the guide tube (7) under the action of gravity until it falls into the pile cable pipe (3) and passes out of the pile through the rear-mounted cable port (5). Connect the outer joint of the third traction rope (103) to the head of the submarine cable (a), and connect the upper joint of the inner platform of the third traction rope (103) to the traction equipment to carry out the traction construction of the submarine cable (a).

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