Self-resetting damper based on ball screw and SMA torsion spring

Abstract

This invention discloses a self-resetting damper based on a ball screw and an SMA torsion spring. The damper includes a damper body and a first chamber with a cylindrical structure at one end. A ball screw mechanism is housed within the first chamber. An inner cylinder, rotating synchronously with the rotating block of the ball screw mechanism, is coaxially sleeved on its outer periphery. A groove-like structure extending circumferentially is formed on the outer wall of the inner cylinder. An outer cylinder is coaxially sleeved on the outer periphery of the inner cylinder. A stop block is connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder. A pushing part is provided at the other end of the groove-like structure. A free-spinning structure is provided between the pushing part and the stop block along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder, allowing the inner cylinder to idle. An SMA torsion spring is connected between the outer cylinder and the first chamber. The ball screw can convert a short translational displacement into a large rotational displacement of the rotating block, driving the SMA torsion spring to dissipate energy and quickly reset. Through the groove-like structure and the free-spinning structure, multi-stage protection is achieved. Semi-active control is then realized through an electromagnetic inertial mass device, maximizing the reduction of the structural system's seismic response.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vibration damping structure technology, and in particular to a damper with self-resetting function based on a ball screw and an SMA torsion spring. Background Technology

[0002] To ensure the continued operation and rapid restoration of functions of various facilities after an earthquake, resilient seismic resistance has become an objective requirement for sustainable social development. Self-resetting and energy dissipation are key characteristics of resilient seismic structures, aiming to dissipate seismic energy and reduce residual structural deformation, thus enabling rapid restoration of social functions after an earthquake. Resilient seismic resistance often relies on dampers to achieve self-resetting and energy dissipation. However, traditional viscous dampers lack self-resetting capabilities, are prone to oil leakage, and do not offer multi-level protection. Therefore, traditional viscous dampers cannot perfectly meet the requirements of resilient seismic resistance. Existing SMA (Silicone Magnetite) material possesses superior self-resetting and energy dissipation characteristics. Its development and application in dampers are more in line with the current context of resilient seismic resistance and have broad application prospects. Currently, scholars both domestically and internationally have conducted extensive research on the development and application of SMA in dampers. However, existing SMA dampers mostly rely directly on the tension and compression of SMA wires for self-resetting and energy dissipation, resulting in relatively concentrated local forces within the damper. Furthermore, the low-frequency, small-displacement motion of the SMA wires fails to fully utilize the hyperelastic properties of the SMA material, thus limiting the self-resetting and energy dissipation efficiency of the SMA damper. Therefore, fully utilizing the hyperelastic properties of SMA to improve the damper structure and design a damper with superior energy dissipation and self-resetting characteristics has significant theoretical and practical value.

[0003] Patent application number 202110113830.5 discloses a constant force spring self-resetting damper. A piston is in contact with the side plate of a U-shaped plate, and the piston can move relative to the U-shaped plate along its extension direction. The U-shaped plate includes an upper side plate and a lower side plate, with a bottom plate connected to one end of each side plate. A second connecting member is provided at the bottom of the U-shaped plate, and a first connecting member is provided at one end of the piston. The moving rod includes a tension moving rod and a compression moving rod, and positioning positions are provided on the upper side plate, the lower side plate, and the piston. Two corresponding sliding holes are provided, and the tension moving rod and the pressure moving rod pass through the two sliding holes on the upper side plate, the lower side plate and the piston respectively; a constant force spring is set between the tension moving rod and the pressure moving rod, and the constant force spring pulls the tension moving rod and the pressure moving rod close to each other, so that the tension moving rod and the pressure moving rod abut against the close ends in the corresponding sliding holes respectively. However, it cannot distinguish between small displacement and large displacement vibration, and cannot take targeted damping measures. Therefore, it does not have the ability of multi-level protection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a damper with a self-resetting function based on a ball screw and an SMA torsion spring, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art. It not only utilizes the ball screw to convert a short translational displacement into a large rotational displacement of the rotating block, thereby driving the SMA torsion spring to dissipate energy, but also enables rapid reset after the damping is completed, meeting the requirements for toughness and seismic resistance. Furthermore, through the groove structure and the idle structure, it achieves the purpose of multi-stage protection.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a damper with a self-resetting function based on a ball screw and an SMA torsion spring, comprising a damper body and a first chamber with a cylindrical structure at one end thereof. A ball screw mechanism is provided in the first chamber. The ball screw mechanism includes a screw coaxially disposed within the first chamber and a rotating block sleeved on the outer periphery of the screw. A plurality of balls are embedded on the inner peripheral wall of the rotating block, rotating synchronously with it axially. The balls are evenly spaced along the threaded grooves on the screw. One end of the screw is connected to a first connecting rod coaxially disposed therewith. The first connecting rod extends out of one end of the first chamber. A first connecting rod is coaxially sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating block of the ball screw mechanism. A synchronously rotating inner cylinder is coaxially rotatably connected to the first chamber. A second connecting rod extending out of the first chamber is coaxially connected to the end of the inner cylinder away from the first connecting rod. The first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are respectively connected between the structures to be damped. A groove-shaped structure extending circumferentially is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder. An outer cylinder is coaxially sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the inner cylinder. A stop block located at one end of the groove-shaped structure is connected to the inner peripheral wall of the outer cylinder. A pushing part is provided at the other end of the groove-shaped structure to push the stop block and the outer cylinder to rotate. An idler structure is provided between the pushing part and the stop block along the circumference of the inner cylinder to allow the inner cylinder to idle. An SMA torsion spring is connected between the outer cylinder and the first chamber.

[0006] Preferably, a retainer is fixed on the inner peripheral wall of the rotating block and coaxially arranged therewith. Each ball is rotatably connected to the retainer, and the two sides of the ball along the radial direction of the retainer respectively abut against the threaded groove and the inner peripheral wall of the rotating block.

[0007] Preferably, the SMA torsion spring has a spiral structure coaxial with the first chamber in its radial cross-section, and the two ends of the SMA torsion spring extend axially along the first chamber and are flush with each other.

[0008] Preferably, the radius of the helical structure of the SMA torsion spring gradually increases from the axis to the outer periphery.

[0009] Preferably, the damper body has a second chamber located away from the first connecting rod, the second chamber is equipped with a permanent magnet generator, the drive shaft of the permanent magnet generator is coaxially connected to the inner cylinder, and the second connecting rod is connected to the side wall of the second chamber away from the inner cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the drive shaft is divided into a first section and a second section that are coaxially connected. The first section is connected to the inner cylinder, and the second section is connected to the permanent magnet generator. A gearbox is connected between the first section and the second section.

[0011] Preferably, an inertial flywheel is also coaxially connected to the second segment.

[0012] Preferably, the first chamber has a first through hole for the first connecting rod to extend out and a second through hole for the inner cylinder to be exposed at both ends along the axial direction. The inner peripheral wall of the first through hole is spaced around the outer peripheral side of the first connecting rod. The second through hole is provided with a second inner cylinder bearing coaxially arranged with it, and the second inner cylinder bearing is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the groove structure is a strip-shaped groove structure extending circumferentially along the inner cylinder, the stop block is embedded in the groove structure, and the pushing part is the inner sidewall of one end of the groove structure.

[0014] Preferably, both the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are connected to a first ear plate and a second ear plate.

[0015] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0016] First, the entire device uses a ball screw mechanism to convert the translational displacement transmitted by the first connecting rod and the screw into the rotational displacement of the balls. Since the balls are embedded in the rotating block, their rotation drives the rotating block to rotate. The rotating block then sequentially drives the inner cylinder, outer cylinder, and SMA torsion spring to rotate. This process amplifies the translational displacement into rotational displacement, resulting in a larger rotational displacement. Furthermore, energy is dissipated by driving the SMA torsion spring, and after the shock absorption is complete, the restoring force of the SMA torsion spring allows for rapid reset, meeting the requirements for toughness and shock resistance. Moreover, the mechanism connects the inner and outer cylinders... The system incorporates a matching groove structure and a stop block, ensuring that the SMA torsion spring does not operate under small displacements of the first connecting rod and lead screw. Specifically, the translation of the first connecting rod and lead screw causes the inner cylinder to rotate at a certain angle. At this time, the stop block only moves within the idle structure and does not cause the outer cylinder to rotate. Under large displacements of the first connecting rod and lead screw, the stop block moves beyond the idle structure and is pushed by the pushing part. This causes the inner cylinder to rotate, simultaneously driving the outer cylinder to rotate via the pushing part and the stop block. The outer cylinder then drives the SMA torsion spring to rotate, allowing the SMA torsion spring to dissipate energy and perform self-resetting, thus achieving multi-stage defense.

[0017] Secondly, a retainer is fixed on the inner peripheral wall of the rotating block and is coaxially arranged therewith. Each ball is rotatably connected to the retainer, and the two sides of the ball abut against the threaded groove and the inner peripheral wall of the rotating block respectively along the radial direction of the retainer. The retainer facilitates the installation of the ball and avoids the need to open slots for embedding the ball on the inner peripheral wall of the rotating block. The retainer also facilitates the connection between the rotating block body and the retainer, thereby completing the connection between the ball and the rotating block body. This ensures that the ball can rotate fully when the first connecting rod and the lead screw move, and can drive the rotating block to rotate.

[0018] Third, the SMA torsion spring has a spiral structure coaxial with the first chamber in the radial direction. The two ends of the SMA torsion spring extend axially along the first chamber and are flush with each other. By setting the SMA torsion spring in a spiral structure, the ball screw can rotate when passing through a short translational displacement, and the SMA torsion spring can be fully wound to make full use of the energy dissipation function.

[0019] Fourth, the radius of the helical structure of the SMA torsion spring gradually increases from the axis to the outer periphery, so that the stress area is more dispersed and the stress and strain distribution is more uniform. It also fully utilizes the superelasticity of SMA material to provide superior energy dissipation and self-resetting ability. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view at point AA;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view at point BB;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the internal structure of one end of the present invention;

[0025] Among them, 1-cavity wall, 2-SMA torsion spring, 3-lead screw, 4-rotating block, 5-ball bearing, 6-stop block, 7-outer cylinder, 8-inner cylinder, 9-first inner cylinder bearing, 10-second inner cylinder bearing, 11-gearbox, 12-inertia flywheel, 13-coupling, 14-permanent magnet generator, 15-drive shaft, 16-first ear plate, 17-second ear plate, 18-first connecting rod, 19-second connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The purpose of this invention is to provide a damper with a self-resetting function based on a ball screw and an SMA torsion spring, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art. It not only utilizes the ball screw to convert a short translational displacement into a large rotational displacement of the rotating block, thereby driving the SMA torsion spring to dissipate energy, but also enables rapid reset after the damping is completed, meeting the requirements for toughness and seismic resistance. Furthermore, through the groove structure and the idle structure, it achieves the purpose of multi-stage protection.

[0028] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, this embodiment provides a damper with self-resetting function based on a ball screw and an SMA torsion spring. It includes a damper body and a first chamber with a cylindrical structure at one end. A ball screw mechanism is provided within the first chamber. The ball screw mechanism includes a screw 3 coaxially disposed within the first chamber and a rotating block 4 sleeved on the outer periphery of the screw 3. A plurality of balls 5 are embedded on the inner peripheral wall of the rotating block 4, rotating synchronously with it. The balls 5 are evenly spaced along the threaded grooves on the screw 3. One end of the screw 3 is connected to a first connecting rod 18 coaxially disposed therewith. The first connecting rod 18 extends out of the first chamber. An inner cylinder 8, rotating synchronously with it, is coaxially sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating block 4 of the ball screw mechanism. The inner cylinder 8 is coaxially rotatably connected within the first chamber. Preferably, the inner cylinder 8 has a first inner cylinder bearing 9 and a second inner cylinder bearing 10 at both ends, which are respectively connected to the cavity wall 1 of the first chamber. The end of the inner cylinder 8 away from the first connecting rod 18 is coaxially connected to a second connecting rod 19 extending out of the other end of the first chamber. The first connecting rod 18 and the second connecting rod 19 are respectively connected between the structures to be damped. A groove-shaped structure extending circumferentially is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder 8. An outer cylinder 7 is coaxially sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the inner cylinder 8. A stop block 6 located at one end of the groove-shaped structure is connected on the inner peripheral wall of the outer cylinder 7. A pushing part is provided at the other end of the groove-shaped structure to push the stop block 6 and the outer cylinder 7 to rotate. An idle structure for the inner cylinder 8 to rotate is provided between the pushing part and the stop block 6 along the circumference of the inner cylinder 8. An SMA torsion spring 2 is connected between the outer cylinder 7 and the first chamber. The preferred screw 3 has its thread grooves arranged as densely as possible, that is, the pitch is as small as possible. Then, the low-frequency linear small displacement motion of the first connecting rod 18 and the screw can be fully converted into the high-speed rotational motion of the rotating block 4 through the ball 5 screw. Therefore, the working efficiency of the SMA torsion spring 2 is improved, and the restoring force and energy consumption capacity of the SMA torsion spring 2 are both improved.

[0030] Firstly, the entire device uses a ball screw mechanism to convert the translational displacement transmitted by the first connecting rod 18 and the screw 3 into the rotational displacement of the ball 5. Since the ball 5 is embedded in the rotating block 4, the rotation of the ball 5 can drive the rotating block 4 to rotate. The rotating block 4 then drives the inner cylinder 8, the outer cylinder 7, and the SMA torsion spring 2 to rotate in sequence. This process amplifies the translational displacement into rotational displacement, thus converting it into a larger rotational displacement. Furthermore, by driving the SMA torsion spring 2 to dissipate energy, and after the shock absorption is completed, the restoring force of the SMA torsion spring 2 can be used to quickly reset, meeting the requirements for toughness and shock resistance. Moreover, by setting a matching mechanism between the inner and outer cylinders 7... The groove structure and stop 6 prevent the SMA torsion spring 2 from working under small displacement of the first connecting rod 18 and the lead screw 3. That is, the translation of the first connecting rod 18 and the lead screw 3 causes the inner cylinder 8 to rotate at a certain angle. At this time, the stop 6 only moves in the idle structure and does not drive the outer cylinder 7 to rotate. When the first connecting rod 18 and the lead screw 3 are in large displacement, the movement of the stop 6 crosses the idle structure and pushes the stop 6 through the pusher. This causes the inner cylinder 8 to rotate while driving the outer cylinder 7 to rotate through the pusher and the stop 6. The outer cylinder 7 then drives the SMA torsion spring 2 to rotate. The SMA torsion spring 2 plays the role of energy dissipation and self-resetting, thereby achieving the purpose of multi-stage defense.

[0031] Furthermore, a retainer is fixed on the inner peripheral wall of the rotating block 4 and is coaxially arranged therewith. Each ball 5 is rotatably connected to the retainer, and the two sides of the ball 5 along the radial direction of the retainer abut against the threaded groove and the inner peripheral wall of the rotating block 4, respectively. By setting the retainer, it is convenient to install the ball 5, avoiding the need to open slots for embedding the ball 5 on the inner peripheral wall of the rotating block 4. Moreover, by setting the retainer, it is convenient to connect the body of the rotating block 4 to the retainer, thereby completing the connection between the ball 5 and the body of the rotating block 4, so as to ensure that the ball 5 can rotate fully when the first connecting rod 18 and the lead screw 3 translate, and can drive the rotating block 4 to rotate.

[0032] The SMA torsion spring 2 has a spiral structure coaxially arranged along the radial direction of the first chamber. By arranging the SMA torsion spring 2 in a spiral structure, the rotating block 4 rotates when the ball bearing 5 and screw 3 undergo a short translational displacement, allowing the SMA torsion spring 2 to fully perform its energy dissipation function. The two ends of the SMA torsion spring 2 extend axially along the first chamber and are flush, thus sufficiently extending the width of the SMA torsion spring 2 and making its force distribution more uniform. Furthermore, its placement direction is along the damper direction, effectively converting the translation of the first connecting rod 18 and screw 3 into rotational energy dissipation. In contrast, existing SMA dampers often directly utilize the tension and compression of the SMA wire for self-resetting and energy dissipation, resulting in relatively concentrated local forces on the damper. Moreover, the SMA wire undergoes low-frequency, small-displacement motion, which cannot fully utilize the superelastic properties of the SMA material, thus limiting the self-resetting and energy dissipation efficiency of the SMA damper. The SMA torsion spring 2 proposed in this invention can make up for the shortcomings of existing SMA wire. When the SMA torsion spring 2 is torn, the force is more uniform and reasonable than that of SMA wire. Furthermore, the displacement is amplified by the ball screw device, which can improve the energy consumption efficiency of the SMA torsion spring 2, thereby giving full play to the self-resetting and energy consumption performance of SMA material.

[0033] Furthermore, the radius of the helical structure of the SMA torsion spring 2 gradually increases from the axis to the outer periphery, so that the stress area is more dispersed and the stress and strain distribution is more uniform. It also fully utilizes the superelasticity of the SMA material to provide superior energy dissipation and self-resetting capabilities.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a second chamber located away from the first connecting rod 18 is formed on the damper body. A permanent magnet generator 14 is housed within the second chamber, and its drive shaft 15 is coaxially connected to the inner cylinder 8. The second connecting rod 19 is connected to the side wall of the second chamber away from the inner cylinder 8. The permanent magnet generator 14 changes the magnitude of the electromagnetic damping coefficient through an external terminal resistance, thereby altering the electromagnetic damping force generated by the rotating permanent magnet generator 14, thus suppressing the rotation of the shaft and achieving vibration reduction and semi-active control of the controlled structure. Through semi-active control, the damping force of the damper can be changed according to the actual environmental conditions, thereby maximizing the reduction of the structure's seismic response. This process meets the requirements of ductile seismic resistance.

[0035] Furthermore, the drive shaft 15 is divided into a first section and a second section that are coaxially connected. The first section is connected to the inner cylinder 8, and the second section is connected to the permanent magnet generator 14. A gearbox 11 is connected between the first section and the second section. The gearbox 11 is designed so that the rotational angular velocity of the inner cylinder 8 is transmitted to the first section, amplified by the gearbox 11, and transmitted to the second section. That is, the gearbox 11 increases the rotational inertia of the inner cylinder 8.

[0036] The second section also includes a coaxially connected inertial flywheel 12, which amplifies the mass of the inner cylinder 8, increasing its inertial force during rotation and thus enhancing the energy consumption capacity of the permanent magnet generator 14. The inertial flywheel 12, gearbox 11, and permanent magnet generator 14 form an electromagnetic inertial mass device. The rotating shaft is connected to and rotates with the inner cylinder 8. The gearbox 11 and the rotating flywheel device increase the moment of inertia of the electromagnetic inertial mass device. After passing through coupling 13, the rotating permanent magnet generator 14 is driven to operate. During this process, the rotating permanent magnet generator 14 generates electromagnetic damping force, thereby suppressing the rotation of the shaft. The electromagnetic damping coefficient can be changed by external end resistance, achieving vibration reduction and semi-active control of the controlled structure.

[0037] In summary, this invention, through the ball screw mechanism, SMA torsion spring 2, and electromagnetic inertial mass device, enables the conversion of a short translational displacement of the structure into a large rotational displacement, and makes the stress on the SMA material more reasonable, fully utilizing the self-resetting and energy dissipation performance of the SMA. It also provides multi-stage protection, and the electromagnetic inertial mass device enables semi-active control, maximizing the reduction of the seismic response of the structural system and meeting the requirements for tough seismic resistance.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first chamber is provided with a first through hole for the first connecting rod 18 to extend and a second through hole for the inner cylinder 8 to be exposed at both ends along the axial direction. The inner peripheral wall of the first through hole is spaced around the outer peripheral side of the first connecting rod 18. The second through hole is provided with a second inner cylinder bearing 10 coaxially arranged with it. The second inner cylinder bearing 10 is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder 8.

[0039] Furthermore, the groove structure is a strip-shaped groove structure extending circumferentially along the inner cylinder 8. The stop block 6 is embedded in the groove structure, and the pushing part is the inner sidewall of one end of the groove structure. Preferably, the extension angle of the groove structure is about 60° circumferentially around the inner cylinder 8. Since the inner cylinder 8 is connected to the outside of the rotating block 4, the inner cylinder 8 is rotatably set in the first chamber. Since the outer side of the inner cylinder 8 is the outer cylinder 7, the inner cylinder 8 and the outer cylinder 7 can rotate relative to each other. The stop block 6 is connected to the outer cylinder 7. Before the inner cylinder 8 and the stop block 6 rotate and contact, there is a free-flowing structure. After the inner cylinder 8 rotates by a corresponding angle, the inner sidewall of the groove structure as the pushing part contacts the stop block 6. After the inner cylinder 8 and the stop block 6 contact, they rotate together, thereby driving the rotation of the outer cylinder 7. The SMA torsion spring 2 also rotates and deforms accordingly. This component allows the SMA torsion spring 2 to not enter the working state when the rotation displacement is small, while providing self-resetting and energy dissipation functions when the rotation displacement is large, thereby achieving the purpose of multi-stage defense. The preferred trough structure can also be an open structure that penetrates the inner cylinder 8, etc.

[0040] Preferably, a first ear plate 16 and a second ear plate 17 are connected to both the first connecting rod 18 and the second connecting rod 19, so that the first ear plate 16 and the second ear plate 17 can be conveniently connected to the structure of the object to be damped.

[0041] Any adaptive changes made according to actual needs are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0042] It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0043] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A damper with self-resetting function based on a ball screw and an SMA torsion spring, characterized in that, The device includes a damper body and a first chamber with a cylindrical structure at one end. A ball screw mechanism is installed within the first chamber. The ball screw mechanism includes a screw coaxially disposed within the first chamber and a rotating block sleeved on the outer periphery of the screw. A plurality of balls, which rotate synchronously with the rotating block, are embedded on the inner peripheral wall of the rotating block. The balls are evenly spaced along threaded grooves on the screw. One end of the screw is connected to a first connecting rod coaxially disposed therewith, extending out of one end of the first chamber. An inner cylinder, which rotates synchronously with the rotating block, is coaxially sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating block and is coaxially rotatably connected within the first chamber. The inner cylinder is located far from... A second connecting rod is coaxially connected to the end of the first connecting rod, extending to the other end of the first chamber. The first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are respectively connected between the structures to be damped. A groove-shaped structure extending circumferentially is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder. An outer cylinder is coaxially sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the inner cylinder. A stop block located at one end of the groove-shaped structure is connected to the inner peripheral wall of the outer cylinder. A pushing part is provided at the other end of the groove-shaped structure to push the stop block and the outer cylinder to rotate. An idler structure is provided between the pushing part and the stop block along the circumference of the inner cylinder to allow the inner cylinder to rotate freely, so as to achieve the purpose of multi-stage protection. An SMA torsion spring is connected between the outer cylinder and the first chamber.

2. The damper with self-resetting function based on a ball screw and an SMA torsion spring according to claim 1, characterized in that, A retainer is fixed on the inner peripheral wall of the rotating block and is coaxially arranged therewith. Each ball is rotatably connected to the retainer, and the two sides of the ball abut against the threaded groove and the inner peripheral wall of the rotating block respectively along the radial direction of the retainer.

3. The damper with self-resetting function based on a ball screw and an SMA torsion spring according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The SMA torsion spring has a spiral structure coaxial with the first chamber in its radial cross-section, and the two ends of the SMA torsion spring extend axially along the first chamber and are flush with each other.

4. The damper with self-resetting function based on a ball screw and an SMA torsion spring according to claim 3, characterized in that, The radius of the spiral structure of the SMA torsion spring gradually increases from the axis to the outer periphery.

5. The damper with self-resetting function based on a ball screw and an SMA torsion spring according to claim 4, characterized in that, The damper body has a second chamber located away from the first connecting rod. A permanent magnet generator is installed in the second chamber. The drive shaft of the permanent magnet generator is coaxially connected to the inner cylinder. The second connecting rod is connected to the side wall of the second chamber away from the inner cylinder.

6. The damper with self-resetting function based on a ball screw and an SMA torsion spring according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drive shaft is divided into a first section and a second section that are coaxially connected. The first section is connected to the inner cylinder, and the second section is connected to the permanent magnet generator. A gearbox is connected between the first section and the second section.

7. The damper with self-resetting function based on a ball screw and an SMA torsion spring according to claim 6, characterized in that, An inertial flywheel is also coaxially connected to the second segment.

8. The damper with self-resetting function based on a ball screw and an SMA torsion spring according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first chamber has a first through hole for the first connecting rod to extend out and a second through hole for the inner cylinder to be exposed at both ends along the axial direction. The inner peripheral wall of the first through hole is spaced around the outer peripheral side of the first connecting rod. The second through hole is provided with a second inner cylinder bearing coaxially arranged with it, and the second inner cylinder bearing is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder.

9. The damper with self-resetting function based on a ball screw and an SMA torsion spring according to claim 8, characterized in that, The groove structure is a strip-shaped groove structure extending circumferentially along the inner cylinder. The stop block is embedded in the groove structure, and the pushing part is the inner sidewall of one end of the groove structure.

10. The damper with self-resetting function based on a ball screw and an SMA torsion spring according to claim 9, characterized in that, Both the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are connected to a first ear plate and a second ear plate.

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