Metal mine underground detonation wave pressure relief system and method of use thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a metal mine underground detonation wave pressure relief system and a use method thereof, which is composed of a detonation wave source, a PLC control system, a pressure sensing system, a pressure relief air door and a wind pressure combination. The PLC control system can remotely control the opening and closing of the free door leaf of the pressure relief air door. The pressure sensing system is composed of a wind pressure sensor and related accessories. The pressure relief air door comprises a door frame, a free door leaf and related control accessories. A network communication system connects the PLC control system, the wind pressure sensing system and the pressure relief air door control system through optical fibers. According to the change of the detonation wave energy of the working place near the pressure relief air door, the pressure parameters on both sides of the pressure relief air door are compared synchronously, different control strategies are selected to operate the opening and closing of the free door leaf, the air flow short circuit caused by the damage of the air door is prevented, the service life of the pressure relief air door is maximally prolonged, and support is provided for the management of the mine ventilation system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ore mining technology, and in particular to an underground detonation wave decompression system for metal mines and its application method. Background Technology

[0002] Mine ventilation is crucial for ensuring safe production in mines. In many early-stage metal mines in China, the ventilation system network structure and required air volume in intermediate sections have continuously changed as mining depth has increased. The downward movement of the production section directly leads to longer ventilation routes and increased ventilation resistance. Issues such as untimely airflow distribution and inadequate layout of ventilation structures directly impact ventilation effectiveness in underground work areas. Therefore, most mines choose to relocate their mine ventilation power equipment downwards with the production section to improve airflow efficiency in production areas, thereby reducing costs and increasing efficiency.

[0003] After the mine ventilation power equipment is moved down with the production section, the upper middle section return airway needs to be equipped with structures such as air doors to isolate airflow and prevent polluted air from circulating back to the production area. In precious metal mines, small-scale blasting operations are still required during the recovery of residual ore bodies in the upper middle section. Some air doors are installed close to the work area and are easily affected by the shock waves of large-scale explosive blasts. The air doors used to isolate airflow are frequently damaged by blast shock waves, causing polluted air to circulate and affecting normal mine ventilation. Poor air door management can easily threaten the safety and health of underground workers. Therefore, how to solve the series of ventilation problems caused by the damage to air doors from underground blast waves, and to maximize the protection of the underground working environment and the physical and mental health of workers, has become an urgent problem that mines need to solve.

[0004] Currently, there are three main types of detonation wave decompression dampers: The first type is a pressure-relief air door structure disclosed in patent number ZL200820148168.7. It involves building an air door wall around the door frame, leaving a gap between the air door wall and the mine roadway wall / roof, within which an adobe wall is built. This acts as a pressure relief zone to reduce roadway deformation, decreasing the probability of compression deformation between the air door and the door frame, and extending the service life of the air door and door frame. However, because this type of pressure-relief air door requires frequent maintenance of the adobe wall within the gap, it does not provide convenience for mine ventilation management.

[0005] The second type is a self-releasing pressure-resistant shock-resistant damper disclosed in patent number ZL202220252434.0. Its door leaf is hinged to the door frame, and the door leaf has pressure relief holes. The upper end of the free-moving door leaf is hinged to the upper end of the pressure relief holes via a two-way hinge, and a counterweight is fixed to the lower end of the free-moving door leaf. When the door leaf is impacted by a shock wave generated by an explosive blast, the free-moving door leaf releases the shock wave energy, thus preventing the shock wave pressure from exceeding the load-bearing capacity of the door leaf material and causing damage to the door. After the shock wave energy is released, the free-moving door leaf self-closes due to the gravity of the counterweight, continuing to isolate the airflow in the aisles on both sides of the door leaf. However, since the free-moving door leaf mainly relies on the gravity of the counterweight for self-closure, when the wind pressure generated near the damper by the ventilation power equipment is too high, the free-moving door leaf cannot remain closed continuously, causing its airflow isolation function to fail, and the damper will not be able to perform its intended airflow management function. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a detonation wave pressure relief system for underground metal mines and its usage method. In the absence of blasting, the pressure relief door's free-moving leaf hangs down under the influence of its own weight and the opposing wind pressure, sealing it tightly against the door frame and blocking airflow. During blasting, based on the changes in detonation wave energy near the underground pressure relief door, different control strategies are selected to operate the opening and closing of the pressure relief door's free-moving leaf by synchronously comparing the pressure parameters on both sides of the pressure relief door. This prevents damage to the door from causing airflow short-circuiting, maximizes the service life of the pressure relief door, and provides support for the management of mine ventilation systems.

[0007] The technical solution of this invention is: a detonation wave pressure relief system for underground metal mines, comprising: a detonation wave generator; a PLC control system; a pressure sensing system, wherein the pressure sensing system is arranged 5m on both sides of the roadway where the pressure relief air door is located; a pressure relief air door, wherein the pressure relief air door is arranged in the return air roadway underground where airflow needs to be blocked and detonation wave energy needs to be released; a back-wind pressure of the air door, wherein the back-wind pressure of the air door is the air pressure generated by underground or surface ventilation equipment and needs to be blocked by the pressure relief air door; and a network communication system, wherein the network communication system connects the PLC control system, the pressure sensing system and the pressure relief air door through optical fiber.

[0008] In the above scheme, the detonation wave generator is input through a human-computer interactive visual interface, which includes parameters such as the amount of explosive, the distance between the generator and the pressure relief damper, and the environmental parameters of the working face.

[0009] The PLC control system described in the above scheme is located in a ground-based dispatch center and consists of data logic operations, a human-machine interface, and ventilation system management and early warning.

[0010] The pressure sensing system described in the above scheme consists of pressure sensors installed on both sides of the pressure relief air door in the mine. The pressure sensors are arranged in the roadway on the windward side of the pressure relief air door, with one sensor installed 5m away from the door on the windward side.

[0011] The pressure relief damper described in the above scheme consists of a door frame, door beam, free door leaf, connecting device, solenoid valve, and electrical control device.

[0012] The network communication system described in the above scheme consists of network communication control components, switches, and optical fibers.

[0013] The above-mentioned ground dispatch center is located on the ground of the work site and is used to control the opening and closing of the free door of the pressure relief damper through a PLC control system and a pressure sensing system.

[0014] The remote operation of the free door in the above scheme is achieved by controlling the state of the solenoid valve to open and close.

[0015] A method for using an underground detonation wave pressure relief system in a metal mine includes the following steps: S1: Input the pressure calculation parameters of the detonation wave source at a distance of 5m from the pressure relief air door through a human-machine interactive visual interface, including the input parameters of the amount of explosive, the distance parameters between the source and the pressure relief air door, and the environmental parameters of the working face, to obtain the calculated pressure value of the detonation wave at that location; S2: Monitor the pressure value of the wind pressure against the air door at a distance of 5m from the pressure relief air door through a pressure sensing system, and transmit the pressure value to the human-machine interactive visual interface. Compare the calculated pressure value with the monitored value. If the difference between the calculated value and the monitored value is greater than a set value, switch to automatic control mode, and the PLC control system does not output instructions; S3: If the difference between the calculated value and the monitored value is less than the set value, issue a real-time audible and visual warning, and switch to remote control mode. All free doors of the pressure relief air door are opened, with the opening direction at 90° to the door frame, until the blasting operation is completed, at which point the free doors return to their original sealed state.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. Based on the change in detonation wave energy in the work area near the underground pressure relief air door, different control strategies can be selected to operate the opening and closing of the free door of the pressure relief air door by synchronously comparing the pressure parameters on both sides of the pressure relief air door, so as to prevent the air door from being damaged and causing airflow short circuit, and to maximize the service life of the pressure relief air door.

[0017] 2. The present invention provides a detonation wave decompression system and its usage method in underground metal mines. A safety value can be set. If the difference between the calculated value and the monitored value is greater than the set safety value, the system switches to automatic control mode and the PLC control system does not output instructions. If the difference between the calculated value and the monitored value is less than the set safety value, a real-time audible and visual warning is issued, and the system switches to remote control mode, thereby realizing safe opening and closing strategies for decompression dampers under multiple modes.

[0018] 3. The present invention provides a detonation wave pressure relief system for underground metal mines and its usage method. A 3mm rubber strip is glued between the free door leaf and the door frame around the perimeter to prevent the free door leaf from falling and colliding with the door frame due to its own weight and the pressure of the back wind after the blasting, which would cause deformation or damage to the free door leaf and affect the airtightness of the air door. This further improves the reliability and stability of the pressure relief air door in blocking the airflow. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system framework of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Detonation wave source; 2. PLC control system; 3. Pressure sensing system; 4. Pressure relief damper; 5. Damping pressure; 6. Network communication system. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments implemented by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] Please see Figure 1This invention provides a detonation wave decompression system and its usage method in an underground metal mine. The system comprises a detonation wave generator 1, a PLC control system 2, a pressure sensing system 3, a decompression damper 4, a damper backflow pressure sensor 5, and a network communication system 6. The PLC control system 2 is located in a surface dispatch center. The pressure sensing system 3 is arranged on both sides of the roadway where the decompression damper 4 is located. The decompression damper 4 is located in the return airway underground where airflow needs to be isolated and detonation wave energy needs to be released. The network communication system 6 connects the PLC control system 2, the pressure sensing system 3, and the decompression damper 4 via optical fiber. The PLC control system can remotely control the opening and closing of the decompression damper's free-moving door. The pressure sensing system consists of a pressure sensor and related accessories. The decompression damper includes a door frame, a free-moving door, and related control accessories. The pressure sensing system and the decompression damper are located in the return airway underground where airflow needs to be isolated and detonation wave energy needs to be released. The network communication system connects the PLC control system, the pressure sensing system, and the decompression damper control system via optical fiber. In the absence of blasting, the free door leaf of the pressure relief air door hangs down and seals tightly against the door frame under the influence of its own weight and the pressure of the opposing wind, blocking the airflow. During blasting, based on the changes in the detonation wave energy of the work area near the underground pressure relief air door, different control strategies are selected to operate the opening and closing of the free door leaf by synchronously comparing the pressure parameters on both sides of the pressure relief air door. This prevents the air door from being damaged and causing a short circuit in the airflow, maximizes the service life of the pressure relief air door, and provides support for the management of the mine ventilation system.

[0023] In the above embodiments, the present invention can select different control strategies to operate the opening and closing of the free door by synchronously comparing the pressure parameters on both sides of the pressure relief door according to the changes in the detonation wave energy of the work site near the underground pressure relief door, thereby preventing the door from being damaged and causing airflow short circuit, maximizing the service life of the pressure relief door, and providing support for the management of the mine ventilation system.

[0024] In this embodiment of the invention, the detonation wave generator 1 inputs the explosive charge quantity parameters, the distance parameters between the generator and the pressure relief damper 4, and the working face environment parameters through a human-machine interactive visual interface; wherein, the human-machine interactive visual interface can also be used for the operation and operation interface display of the PLC control system 2, displaying the pressure monitoring data of the pressure sensing system 3 on the screen.

[0025] In this embodiment of the invention, the PLC control system 2 is located in the surface dispatch center and consists of data logic operations, a human-machine interface, and ventilation system management and early warning. If the pressure at the underground detonation wave source 1 5m from the pressure relief door is less than 1.2 times the pressure of the opposite wind pressure at the pressure relief door 5m from the other side, a real-time audible and visual warning is issued, and the system switches to remote control mode. The signal is transmitted to the PLC control system 2 via the network communication system 6. The PLC control system 2 then sends a remote command to open all four free doors of the pressure relief door 4, with the opening direction at a 90° angle to the door frame, driving the pressure relief door 4 control system to operate according to the specified command. After the blasting operation is completed, the PLC control system 2 sends a command to restore the free doors to their original sealed state. If the pressure at the underground detonation wave source 1 5m from the pressure relief door is more than 1.2 times the pressure of the opposite wind pressure at the pressure relief door 5m from the other side, the system switches to automatic mode, and the PLC control system 2 does not output any commands.

[0026] In this embodiment of the invention, the pressure sensing system 3 consists of pressure sensors installed on both sides of the underground pressure relief air door 4. The pressure sensors are arranged in the roadway on the windward side of the pressure relief air door, with one sensor installed 5m away from the door on the windward side. The suspension position is located at the intersection of the roadway centerline and the waist height line. During installation, the respective plugs are first connected, and then the sensors are mounted on the bracket for fixation. The acquisition hole is aligned with the incoming airflow direction.

[0027] In this embodiment of the invention, the pressure relief damper 4 consists of a door frame, a door beam, a free-moving door leaf, a connecting device, a solenoid valve, and an electrical control device. The door frame and door beam are square-framed structures welded from square tubing and steel plates, serving as the damper's supporting and fixing components, and are installed vertically to the ground. The free-moving door leaf is remotely operated by controlling the solenoid valve's status to open and close. The free-moving door leaf structure is welded from square tubing, with both sides welded from 4mm thick steel plates. The upper end is hinged to the door frame via a two-way hinge, with an opening angle of 90°±1°, and the lower end is held in place by its own weight. A 3mm thick rubber strip is adhered between the free-moving door leaf and the door frame. The door frame, door beam, and door leaf are all connected using standard parts, allowing for easy replacement of damaged parts without dismantling the wall. The pressure relief damper is sealed with a 370mm thick brick wall, with the wall surface plastered with 1:2 cement mortar to prevent air leakage.

[0028] In this embodiment of the invention, the backwind pressure 5 of the air door is the air pressure generated by underground or surface ventilation equipment that needs to be blocked by the pressure relief air door.

[0029] Please see Figure 2 To further explain the above embodiments, the present invention also provides: a detonation wave decompression system for underground metal mines and its usage method, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Input the pressure calculation parameters of the detonation wave source 1 at a distance of 5m from the pressure relief damper through the human-computer interaction visual interface, including the parameters of the amount of explosive, the distance between the source and the pressure relief damper, and the environmental parameters of the working face; obtain the calculated pressure value of the detonation wave at that location; Step 2: The pressure sensing system 3 monitors the pressure value of the back wind pressure 5 at the pressure relief damper 5m and transmits the pressure value to the human-machine interface. The calculated pressure value is compared with the monitored value. If the difference between the calculated value and the monitored value is greater than the set value, the system switches to automatic control mode and the PLC control system 2 does not output any instructions. Step 3: If the difference between the calculated value and the monitored value is less than the set value, a real-time audible and visual warning will be issued, and the system will switch to remote control mode. All four free doors of the pressure relief damper 4 will be opened, with the opening direction at 90° to the door frame of the pressure relief damper, until the blasting operation is completed, at which point the free doors will return to their original sealed state.

[0030] In the above embodiments, by Figure 2 As can be seen, this invention can accurately describe the changes in detonation wave energy in the work area near the downhole pressure relief air door. By synchronously comparing the pressure parameters on both sides of the pressure relief air door, different control strategies are selected to operate the opening and closing of the free door, preventing airflow short circuits caused by air door damage. At the same time, the local area network publication of the pressure relief air door status parameters is realized.

[0031] Working Principle: This invention provides a detonation wave pressure relief system and its usage method for underground metal mines. The system can input pressure calculation parameters at a distance of 5m from the detonation wave source to the pressure relief air door, including parameters for the amount of explosive, the distance between the source and the air door, and environmental parameters of the working face, to obtain the calculated pressure value of the detonation wave at that location. The system monitors the pressure value of the wind pressure against the air door at 5m from the pressure relief air door through a pressure sensing system and transmits the pressure value to a human-machine interactive visual interface. The calculated pressure value is compared with the monitored value. If the difference between the calculated value and the monitored value is greater than a set value, the system switches to automatic control mode, and the PLC control system does not output commands. If the difference between the calculated value and the monitored value is less than the set value, a real-time audible and visual warning is issued, and the system switches to remote control mode. All four free doors of the pressure relief air door are opened, with the opening direction at 90° to the door frame, until the blasting operation is completed, at which point the free doors return to their original sealed state.

[0032] Secondly, in order to prevent airflow short circuits caused by damage to the air door and to maximize the service life of the pressure relief air door, this invention selects different control strategies to operate the opening and closing of the free door of the pressure relief air door by synchronously comparing the pressure parameters on both sides of the pressure relief air door based on the changes in the detonation wave energy of the working area near the underground pressure relief air door.

[0033] To achieve safe opening and closing strategies for pressure relief dampers under multiple modes, this invention sets a safety setpoint. If the difference between the calculated value and the monitored value is greater than the set safety value, the system switches to automatic control mode and the PLC control system does not output instructions. If the difference between the calculated value and the monitored value is less than the set safety value, a real-time audible and visual warning is issued, and the system switches to remote control mode.

[0034] To further improve the reliability and stability of the pressure relief damper in blocking airflow, this invention attaches a 3mm rubber strip between the free door leaf and the door frame around its perimeter. This prevents the free door leaf from falling and colliding with the door frame due to its own weight and the pressure of the headwind after the explosion, which could cause deformation or damage to the free door leaf and affect the airtightness of the damper.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for using an underground detonation wave pressure relief system in a metal mine, characterized by: The underground detonation wave decompression system of the metal mine includes: a detonation wave generator (1); a PLC control system (2); a pressure sensing system (3), which is arranged 5m on both sides of the roadway where the decompression door is located; a decompression door (4), which is arranged in the return air roadway where the underground airflow needs to be isolated and the detonation wave energy needs to be released; a door reverse wind pressure (5), which is the wind pressure generated by the underground or surface ventilation equipment and needs to be blocked by the decompression door; a network communication system (6), which connects the PLC control system (2), the pressure sensing system (3) and the decompression door (4) through optical fiber; the detonation wave generator inputs the explosive charge parameters, the distance parameters between the generator and the decompression door and the working face environment parameters through the human-machine interaction visualization interface; the PLC control system is located in the surface dispatch center and consists of data logic operation, human-machine interaction interface and ventilation system management and early warning; the decompression door It consists of a door frame, door beam, free door leaf, connecting device, solenoid valve, and electrical control device. The usage method includes the following steps: S1: Input the pressure calculation parameters of the detonation wave source at a distance of 5m from the pressure relief door through the human-machine interactive visual interface, including the input parameters of the amount of explosive, the distance parameters between the source and the pressure relief door, and the environmental parameters of the working face, to obtain the pressure calculation value of the detonation wave at that location; S2: Monitor the pressure value of the wind pressure against the door at a distance of 5m from the pressure relief door through the pressure sensing system, and transmit the pressure value to the human-machine interactive visual interface. Compare the pressure calculation value with the monitored value. If the difference between the calculated value and the monitored value is greater than the set value, switch to automatic control mode, and the PLC control system does not output instructions; S3: If the difference between the calculated value and the monitored value is less than the set value, a real-time audible and visual warning is issued, and switch to remote control mode. All free door leaves of the pressure relief door are opened, with the opening direction at 90° to the door frame of the pressure relief door, until the blasting operation is completed, and the free door leaves return to the original sealed state.

2. The method of using a detonation wave pressure relief system in an underground metal mine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure sensing system consists of pressure sensors installed on both sides of the underground pressure relief air door. The pressure sensors are arranged in the roadway on the windward side of the pressure relief air door, with one sensor installed 5m away from the door on the windward side.

3. The method of using a detonation wave pressure relief system in an underground metal mine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The network communication system consists of network communication control components, switches, and optical fibers.

4. The method of using a detonation wave pressure relief system in an underground metal mine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The ground control center is located on the ground of the work site and uses a PLC control system and a pressure sensing system to control the opening and closing of the free door of the pressure relief damper.

5. The method of using a detonation wave pressure relief system in an underground metal mine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The remote operation of the free-moving door is achieved by controlling the state of the solenoid valve to open and close it.

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