Temperature-flame dual response fire monitoring device, system and identification method

Abstract

The application provides a temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring device, system and identification method, which is mainly composed of a temperature-flame dual-response sensor module and other conventional monitoring device modules, and the temperature-flame dual-response sensor module is mainly composed of a semi-transparent semi-reflective component, a spectrum signal emitting assembly and a spectrum signal receiving assembly; the semi-transparent semi-reflective component has a transmittance T of at least 20% in a specific wavelength range emitted by the spectrum signal emitting assembly at normal temperature, and the semi-transparent semi-reflective component has a reflectivity change value AR of at least 2% in the specific wavelength range emitted by the spectrum signal emitting assembly when the normal temperature is increased to 85 DEG C. The application utilizes the semi-transparent semi-reflective characteristic, can effectively convert the information of an abnormally high temperature into the change of a specific spectrum signal, and combines the spectrum signal emitting assembly for generating a basic signal and the spectrum signal receiving assembly for collecting a coupled signal, so that the temperature-flame dual-response fire early warning function is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire early warning technology, specifically to a temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring device, system, and identification method, particularly utilizing the temperature-flame dual-response characteristics of a semi-transparent and semi-reflective material. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional fires are primarily caused by the ignition of polymer materials (mostly organic polymers, such as foam, wood, and textiles). In the early stages of a fire, small amounts of smoke particles and characteristic gases are produced, while heat begins to accumulate, causing a significant rise in the ambient temperature. As the temperature rises, the surface temperature of all combustible materials exposed to heat radiation reaches their ignition temperature almost simultaneously, and the fire rapidly spreads throughout the space (a phenomenon known as "flashover"). Temperatures can rise to over 500°C within seconds, making survival in a flashover space virtually impossible. Therefore, most fire safety monitoring equipment attempts to identify fires before or during the temperature rise to provide sufficient time for escape.

[0003] However, with the rapid improvement of people's living standards, the demand for fire safety standards is also increasing, and correspondingly, the types of fire accidents are quietly changing. Compared with traditional fires caused by electrical appliances igniting and smoldering polymer materials, intelligent devices with independent power supplies not only increase the potential ignition risk, but also release a large amount of heat and flammable gas when their power supply batteries run away with the heat, greatly shortening the heat accumulation time and even causing explosion hazards. Because this process develops rapidly, traditional smoke / flammable gas detectors cannot quickly identify and warn of it. In addition, in some places where electrical equipment is present, such as power grid transmission line areas, cable trenches (tunnels), energy storage power stations, and ultra-high voltage substations, the widespread use of electrical equipment also increases the risk of fire and its complexity. In these places, the speed of fire occurrence and spread is extremely fast, and once a fire occurs, heat and smoke spread extremely rapidly, even causing explosion hazards. Traditional detectors are unable to quickly identify these fires. For these reasons, upgrading the existing fire safety monitoring system is imperative.

[0004] While fires involving smart devices and electrical equipment are often uncontrollable, the underlying causes are traceable over a considerable period. Overheating, whether caused by abnormally high ambient temperatures or exposure to open flames, is a major contributing factor to fire hazards in smart devices and electrical equipment. Real-time monitoring of abnormal ambient temperatures and open flames could detect fires in their early stages and significantly reduce the risk of explosions. However, unlike temperature, smoke, and combustible gas detection (which depends on the diffusion of smoke / combustion products: hot plumes, smoke plumes, and gases), open flame detection relies on non-contact acquisition of flame spectral signals. Therefore, current technologies typically use flame detection and identification devices either alone or in parallel with other detection equipment. However, using multiple thermal and flame detectors in a given environment (especially in confined spaces) not only limits the widespread use of fire detection equipment but also makes data synchronization difficult, increases costs related to space, wiring, and equipment, and negatively impacts the aesthetics of the installation space. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the present invention provides a temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring device, system and identification method. The present invention utilizes a semi-transparent and semi-reflective material to effectively convert information of abnormal high temperature into changes in specific spectral signals, and combines a spectral signal transmitting component that generates the basic signal and a spectral signal receiving component that collects the coupled signal to obtain a temperature-flame dual-response fire detection and early warning function.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs a technical solution consisting of the following technical measures.

[0007] In one aspect, the present invention provides a temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring device, which is mainly composed of a temperature-flame dual-response sensor module and other conventional monitoring equipment modules;

[0008] The temperature-flame dual-response sensor module mainly consists of a transflective element, a spectral signal emitting component, and a spectral signal receiving component. The spectral signal emitting component emits optical signals within a specific wavelength range as a reference signal. The transflective element transmits optical signals from the external environment and reflects the optical signals within the specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component. The optical signals transmitted and reflected by the transflective element constitute a coupling signal. The spectral signal receiving component receives this coupling signal.

[0009] The transmissivity T of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element in the specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component at room temperature is at least 20%, and the change in reflectivity ΔR of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element in the specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component when the temperature is increased from room temperature to 120°C is at least 2%.

[0010] In this invention, the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element can transmit optical signals from the external environment (especially flame light) and reflect optical signals within a specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component. The optical signals transmitted and reflected by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element constitute a coupled signal. The semi-transparent and semi-reflective element can be composed of a lens configuration, a thin film configuration, or a combination of both. For example, one or more layers of semi-transparent and semi-reflective film can be disposed on the surface of a glass lens, or one or more layers of semi-transparent and semi-reflective coating can be formed by coating. Based on the application of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective principle in the technical solution of this invention, theoretically, all optical component configurations, structures, and shapes currently applicable to transmission and reflection are applicable to this invention. Those skilled in the art can directly refer to the above-mentioned prior art and select a suitable solution. It should be noted that in this invention, the coupled signal is composed of the optical signals transmitted by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element from the external environment and the optical signals within a specific wavelength range reflected by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element (emitted by the spectral signal emitting component), and does not include the optical signals reflected by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element from the external environment and the optical signals within a specific wavelength range transmitted by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element (emitted by the spectral signal emitting component).

[0011] In one technical solution, to meet the requirements of a transmittance T of at least 20% and a reflectance change ΔR of at least 2%, the material of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective component, which simultaneously transmits optical signals from the external environment (especially flame light) and reflects reference signals, includes, but is not limited to, any one of inorganic reversible thermochromic materials, liquid crystal reversible thermochromic materials, organic reversible thermochromic materials, and polymer reversible thermochromic materials. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can select the appropriate material based on the aforementioned transmittance T and reflectance change ΔR specifications, according to the material specifications / parameters / performance described in the prior art, including self-made materials or commercially purchased materials based on existing literature.

[0012] In one preferred embodiment, to improve the response sensitivity of the temperature-flame dual-response sensor module, the transmissivity T of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element in the specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component at room temperature is 50-70%, and the reflectivity change ΔR of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element in the specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component when the temperature is increased from room temperature to 90°C is at least 3%. The material of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element, which simultaneously functions as the optical signal transmission of the external environment (especially flame light) and the reference signal reflection, includes inorganic reversible thermochromic materials: VO2, VO2 doped with metals and metal oxides, iodides and complexes of Hg and Ag metals. Compounds and complex salts, oxides and complexes of transition metals such as Cr, inorganic Co and Ni salts with water of crystallization, diazonium salts, etc.; liquid crystal reversible thermochromic materials: cholesteric liquid crystals, microencapsulated cholesteric liquid crystals, etc.; organic reversible thermochromic materials: triarylmethane phthalides (crystal violet lactone), triarylmethanes, indoline phthalides (spiro[1,3,3-trimethylindole-(8'-methoxybenzodihydropyran)]), fluoranes (2'-phenylamino-6'-(dibutylamino)-3'-methylfluorane), phenothiazines (benzylphthalide colorless methylene blue), azo compounds (nitrobenzene), etc.; polymeric reversible thermochromic materials: phase change microcapsules, etc.

[0013] In a more preferred embodiment, the material used for the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element, which simultaneously transmits optical signals from the external environment (especially flame light) and reflects reference signals, is a VO2 / PDMS blend film. Specifically, this blend film is prepared using a heat-assisted spin-coating process, and the preparation method is as follows:

[0014] (1) Mix the pre-mixed VO2 nanoparticles with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS, a commercially available AB two-component reagent containing curing agent B component) gel precursor and curing agent in a glass beaker with a conventional organic solvent.

[0015] The weight ratio of polydimethylsiloxane gel precursor to curing agent is (6-14):1, and the doping concentration of VO2 is 0.75-2.25 wt‰.

[0016] (2) The mixture obtained in step (1) is subjected to ultrasonic treatment to reduce aggregation and at least 70% by weight of conventional organic solvent is evaporated and removed. The VO2 / PDMS mixture is then spin-coated onto a cleaned lens substrate at a temperature of 25 to 80°C. The VO2 / PDMS liquid film with the lens substrate is then subjected to thermosetting treatment to obtain a semi-transparent and semi-reflective part.

[0017] The materials of the lens substrate include, but are not limited to, glass, acrylic glass (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polycarbonate (PC).

[0018] In this document, the other conventional monitoring equipment modules are conventional modules and components that are necessary or not necessary in optical response monitoring equipment in the prior art, such as power modules, circuit boards, and housings. Those skilled in the art can refer to and design and prepare based on existing or conventional optical response monitoring equipment, or select and design based on common knowledge in the art or techniques disclosed in textbooks.

[0019] In this document, the spectral signal emitting component is a device that emits a specific wavelength range within the ultraviolet-visible-infrared light region. The specific wavelength range depends on the technical specifications of the spectral signal emitting component, and those skilled in the art can select a suitable commercially available or self-made spectral signal emitting component based on these specifications. To better illustrate the invention and provide a reference technical solution, the spectral signal emitting component may be a near-infrared emitting tube (VISHAY brand TSU series), an infrared emitting tube (Kelijie brand SFH series), an ultraviolet emitting tube (UVC series), or a visible light emitting tube (Lanji Optoelectronics brand JAP series), etc.

[0020] In this document, the spectral signal receiving component refers to a receiving device for a specific wavelength range corresponding to the spectral signal transmitting component. This specific wavelength range depends on the technical specifications of the spectral signal transmitting component, and those skilled in the art can select a suitable commercially available or self-made spectral signal receiving component based on these specifications. To better illustrate the invention and provide a reference technical solution, the spectral signal receiving component includes near-infrared sensors (Hengsheng Optoelectronics HN series), infrared sensors (Hamamatsu R9 series), ultraviolet sensors (Hamamatsu R2 series), and visible light sensors (Hengsheng Optoelectronics TACA series), etc.

[0021] In this paper, after the spectral signal receiving component receives the coupled signal, it can be transmitted to the back-end resolution end or converted into other signals by the converter before being transmitted to the back-end resolution end. The resolution end and the converter can be integrated into the temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring device or can be set in a terminal outside the temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring device.

[0022] In one technical solution, after receiving the coupled signal, the spectral signal receiving component converts it into an electrical output signal representing the light intensity per unit time via an auxiliary analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and then transmits it to the back-end modulation module. The modulation module identifies the electrical output signal and outputs the identification result.

[0023] Based on the above-mentioned technical solution integrating the adjustment module and the converter, the present invention also provides a temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring system, which mainly consists of a temperature-flame dual-response sensor module, an auxiliary analog-to-digital converter, an adjustment module and other conventional monitoring equipment modules;

[0024] The temperature-flame dual-response sensor module mainly consists of a transflective element, a spectral signal emitting component, and a spectral signal receiving component. The spectral signal emitting component emits optical signals within a specific wavelength range as a reference signal. The transflective element transmits optical signals from the external environment and reflects the optical signals within the specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component. The optical signals transmitted and reflected by the transflective element constitute a coupling signal. The spectral signal receiving component receives this coupling signal.

[0025] The transmissivity T of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element in the specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component at room temperature is at least 20%, and the reflectivity change ΔR of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element in the specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component when the temperature is increased from room temperature to 120°C is at least 2%.

[0026] After receiving the coupled signal, the spectral signal receiving component converts it into an electrical output signal representing the light intensity per unit time via an auxiliary analog-to-digital converter, and then transmits it to the back-end modulation module. The modulation module identifies the electrical output signal in the following manner:

[0027] When the flame light intensity is at least 0.5 mW / cm 2 When infrared / visible / ultraviolet flame light is transmitted through a semi-transparent and semi-reflective component, the electrical output signal strength is a positive value x (i.e., x is a positive value).

[0028] When the temperature of the transflective element reaches 80°C and the reference signal emitted by the spectral signal emitting component is reflected by the transflective element, the electrical output signal intensity is a negative value y (i.e., y is negative).

[0029] (I) No state: When the electrical output signal strength fluctuates around the baseline, or when the electrical output signal is within the range of x to y, the modulation module outputs the recognition result of no external state.

[0030] (II) Open flame state: When the electrical output signal strength increases significantly to greater than x within a certain period of time, the modulation module outputs the identification result of an open flame generated in the outside world;

[0031] (Ⅲ) High temperature state: The electrical output signal strength decreases gradually within a certain period of time until it reaches less than y, and the adjustment module outputs the recognition result of the high temperature generated by the external environment;

[0032] (Ⅳ) High temperature and open flame state: The electrical output signal strength first shows the same trend as the electrical output signal strength change in the open flame state, and then the electrical output signal strength shows a gradually decreasing trend. The modulation module outputs the recognition results of high temperature and open flame at the same time.

[0033] In this paper, under the open flame state, the electrical output signal strength increases significantly to greater than x within a certain time. The time span of this certain time will vary slightly depending on the choice of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective material. However, according to the inventor's experimental summary, the electrical output signal strength will increase significantly within the time range of 0 to 3 seconds.

[0034] In this paper, under the high temperature state, the electrical output signal strength shows a gradient decrease to less than y within a certain time. The time span of this certain time will vary slightly depending on the choice of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective material. However, according to the inventor's experimental summary, due to the hysteresis of the thermal conduction of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective material, the electrical output signal strength will gradually decrease within a time range of 4 to 20 seconds.

[0035] In this paper, under the high-temperature open flame condition, the electrical output signal strength first exhibits a trend consistent with that under the open flame condition, and then shows a trend of gradually decreasing electrical output signal strength. The time range of the change in electrical output signal strength is consistent with that under the open flame and high-temperature conditions.

[0036] In this document, the auxiliary analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is a device that converts the output signal of a spectral signal receiving component into an electrical output signal. Those skilled in the art can select a suitable commercially available or self-made auxiliary ADC based on these conditions, especially adapting it according to the output signal parameters of the selected spectral signal receiving component. To better illustrate the invention and provide a reference technical solution, the auxiliary ADC is an MS1100 series, MS5100 series, ADS1000 series, or AD7700 series, etc.

[0037] In this document, the mediation module is a device capable of recognizing electrical output signals and outputting recognition results according to preset values. Those skilled in the art can select suitable commercially available or self-made mediation modules based on these conditions. To better illustrate the present invention and provide a technical solution for reference, the mediation module is a 51 microcontroller, an STM microcontroller (STM32 series), an Arduino microcontroller (Arduino nano), etc.

[0038] In one preferred embodiment, in order to minimize the size of the device, the spectral signal transmitting component, the spectral signal receiving component, and the auxiliary analog-to-digital converter can be integrated into a single module or component. To better illustrate the present invention and provide a reference technical solution, the aforementioned integrated module or component may include, but is not limited to, the Hamamatsu R2 series, etc.

[0039] The principle of this invention lies in utilizing the transmissive and reflective properties of a transmissive component. This effectively converts information about abnormally high temperatures into changes in a specific spectral signal. Combined with a spectral signal transmitting component that generates the basic signal and a spectral signal receiving component that collects the coupled signal, the technical solution described in this invention is obtained. Figure 1 As shown, due to the semi-transparent and semi-reflective properties of the translucent element in the ultraviolet-visible-infrared region and its optical "switching" characteristics, the fundamental signal generated by the spectral signal emitting component undergoes passive modulation caused by flame and / or temperature, forming a coupled signal, which is collected by the spectral signal receiving component. The coupled signal is then demodulated based on the difference between flame modulation and temperature modulation. The demodulation result can not only help warn of potential fires but also provide reference information for determining abnormal temperatures, abnormal flames, or a combination of both.

[0040] It is worth emphasizing that, by utilizing the thermochromic properties of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element, the influence of abnormal heat modifies the shape of the coupled signal (coupled from the base signal and a possible flame signal), and encodes temperature information into the coupled signal. This allows two completely independent signals to be collected simultaneously using a single spectral signal receiving component. The coupled signal can then be demodulated using a specific algorithm to ultimately obtain crucial information about the fire scene.

[0041] The temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring system described in this invention is applied to the field of fire early warning. Applicable areas or places include any one of the following: residential areas, public places, power grid transmission line areas, cable trenches or tunnels, energy storage power stations, and ultra-high voltage substations.

[0042] Therefore, the temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring device provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with existing temperature and flame single / dual-response fire detection devices:

[0043] 1. Lower power consumption: The device of this invention only requires a single low-power spectral signal receiving component to achieve dual response of flame and temperature. The power consumption is not increased compared with the flame response detector, and is significantly reduced compared with the temperature response detector and the dual response (temperature and flame) response detector.

[0044] Second, it is smaller in size. Since it contains only a single sensor module, the size of the device can be compressed as much as possible. The size is not increased compared to traditional flame detectors, but it is much smaller than existing temperature and flame dual-response detectors.

[0045] III. Lower Cost: A cost comparison between the device of this invention and existing fire detection equipment is shown in the appendix. Figure 15 It can be found that its cost is comparable to that of the simplest smoke and temperature sensors, and much lower than that of more complex dual-response alarm devices and computer vision-based fire warning systems;

[0046] IV. Safer Measurement Method: Since the entire testing process does not require direct contact between the flame and heat flow and the material, the temperature of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective component can be changed only through radiative heat absorption. Therefore, the measurement method is safer and more temperature resistant than traditional temperature detectors, and is more applicable to extreme environments such as fire scenes. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the inventive principle of the present invention. In the diagram, the spectral emission module is the same as the spectral signal emission component, and the spectral receiving module is the same as the spectral signal receiving component. The prototype verification machine built based on the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element, the spectral emission module, and the spectral receiving module enables rapid identification of open flame signals and high-temperature signals in a fire scene.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the dashed box indicates that the spectral signal transmitting component, the spectral signal receiving component, and the auxiliary analog-to-digital converter are integrated into one module.

[0049] Figure 3 This diagram illustrates the signal intensity variation of the temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring system provided in this embodiment of the invention in response to a candle flame. In the diagram, when the candle is lit at 5 seconds (80cm away), the monitoring system signal intensity rapidly rises to approximately 90 (exceeding the flame response warning threshold within 1 second), and gradually stabilizes at around 75. When the candle is removed at 28 seconds, the monitoring system signal intensity rapidly decreases within 2 seconds and eventually stabilizes near the baseline (signal intensity = 0).

[0050] Figure 4 This diagram illustrates the signal intensity variation of the temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring system provided in this embodiment of the invention in response to a butane open flame. In the diagram, when butane is ignited at 5 seconds (80cm away), the monitoring system signal intensity rapidly rises to approximately 80 (exceeding the open flame response warning threshold within 1 second), and gradually stabilizes at around 60. When the butane open flame is removed at 30 seconds, the monitoring system signal intensity rapidly decreases within 2 seconds and eventually stabilizes near the baseline (signal intensity = 0).

[0051] Figure 5 This diagram illustrates the signal intensity variation of the temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring system provided in this embodiment of the invention in response to an open flame on polyurethane foam. In the diagram, when the polyurethane foam is ignited (at a distance of 80 cm) at 5 seconds, the monitoring system signal intensity rapidly rises to approximately 45 (exceeding the open flame response warning threshold within 1 second) and gradually stabilizes at around 90. From 20 seconds onwards, the polyurethane foam gradually and continuously burns out until approximately 40 seconds later. At this point, the monitoring system signal intensity rapidly decreases within 2 seconds and eventually stabilizes near the baseline (signal intensity = 0).

[0052] Figure 6 This diagram illustrates the signal intensity variation of the temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring system provided in this embodiment of the invention in response to a low-speed heat flow. In the diagram, when a 90°C low-speed heat flow (5 m / s) is applied to the semi-transparent, semi-reflective element at 5 seconds, the monitoring system signal intensity shows a gradient decrease after 8 seconds (below the high-temperature response warning threshold after 8 seconds), and eventually stabilizes at around -30°C. When the heat source is removed at 34 seconds, the monitoring system signal intensity rapidly recovers within 8 seconds and eventually stabilizes near the baseline (signal intensity = 0).

[0053] Figure 7 This figure shows the signal intensity variation of the temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring system provided in this embodiment of the invention in response to a low-speed heat flow. In the figure, when a low-speed heat flow of 110°C (5 m / s) is applied to the semi-transparent, semi-reflective element at 5 seconds, the monitoring system signal intensity shows a gradient decrease after 6 seconds (below the high-temperature response warning threshold after 6 seconds), and eventually stabilizes at around -30°C. When the heat source is removed at 34 seconds, the monitoring system signal intensity rapidly recovers within 9 seconds and eventually stabilizes near the baseline (signal intensity = 0).

[0054] Figure 8 This figure shows the signal intensity variation of the temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring system provided in this embodiment of the invention in response to a low-speed heat flow. In the figure, when a low-speed heat flow of 130°C (5 m / s) is applied to the semi-transparent, semi-reflective element at 5 seconds, the monitoring system signal intensity shows a gradient decrease after 4 seconds (below the high-temperature response warning threshold after 4 seconds), and eventually stabilizes at around -30°C. When the heat source is removed at 34 seconds, the monitoring system signal intensity rapidly recovers within 9 seconds and eventually stabilizes near the baseline (signal intensity = 0).

[0055] Figure 9 The figure shows the temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring system provided in this embodiment of the invention, under the monitoring of an infrared thermometer and stimulation of low-speed heat flow, with a curve showing the change in surface temperature and signal intensity of a semi-transparent and semi-reflective element. As shown in the figure, it was found that when the surface temperature of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element reaches 68°C, the signal intensity of the monitoring system is -8.

[0056] Figure 10 This diagram illustrates the signal intensity variation of the temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring system provided in this embodiment of the invention in response to a simultaneous signal from a candle flame and a low-speed heat flow. In the diagram, when a candle flame (80cm away) and a low-speed heat flow of 90℃ (5m / s) are applied, the candle is ignited at 5 seconds, and the 90℃ low-speed heat flow is applied to the semi-transparent, semi-reflective element. The monitoring system signal intensity initially rises rapidly to approximately 75 due to the direct stimulation of the flame (exceeding the flame response warning threshold within 1 second), and then gradually decreases to approximately 35 due to the temperature effect. At 30 seconds, both the candle flame and the 90℃ low-speed heat flow are simultaneously removed. The monitoring system signal intensity rapidly drops to approximately -30 within 1 second due to the removal of the flame, and then eventually recovers to near the baseline (signal intensity = 0) due to the decrease in temperature of the semi-transparent, semi-reflective element.

[0057] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the prototype circuit structure of the temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, it mainly includes: a spectral transmission / reception module, a signal amplification module, peripheral electronic equipment, and a signal demodulation module. The auxiliary analog-to-digital converter integrated with the spectral transmission / reception module is omitted in the figure.

[0058] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the physical structure disassembly of the prototype of the temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, it mainly includes: a semi-transparent and semi-reflective component, a spectral emission / receiver module, a housing, and integrated electronic components, etc.

[0059] Figure 13 This figure shows the signal intensity variation of the temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring system provided in this embodiment of the invention in response to a full-scale actual fire. In the figure, for a full-scale actual fire (a 3m × 1.5m × 2.5m wooden house fire experiment), the monitoring system was set up at the roof of the wooden house. The wooden house was ignited at 137s. Due to the instantaneous nature of the flame response, the signal intensity of the monitoring system rose rapidly (exceeding the open flame alarm threshold within 15s). Then, due to smoke obstruction and temperature effects, it gradually decreased to around -15. After the wooden house was completely burned, the signal intensity curve gradually rose back to near the baseline.

[0060] Figure 14 This figure shows the signal intensity change of the temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring system provided in this embodiment of the invention in response to a cardboard box fire at a long distance. The monitoring system was deployed at the bottom of a drone to test a 1.5m × 1.5m × 1.5m cardboard box fire at a height of 10m. The cardboard box was ignited after 40 seconds, and the signal intensity of the monitoring system rose rapidly (exceeding the open flame alarm threshold within 3 seconds).

[0061] Figure 15This chart compares the cost of the temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring system provided in this embodiment of the invention with the selling price of existing fire detection equipment. The cost of the monitoring system in this embodiment is similar to that of the simplest temperature and smoke detectors, and is far lower than that of traditional flame sensors and multi-stimulus response alarm devices; it should be noted that the cost is expected to decrease further considering future large-scale production. Detailed Implementation

[0062] To further understand the present invention, preferred embodiments are described below with reference to examples. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are only for further illustrating the features and advantages of the present invention, and not for limiting the scope of the claims. Those skilled in the art can refer to the content of this document to appropriately improve the process parameters. In particular, it should be noted that all similar substitutions and modifications are obvious to those skilled in the art and are considered to be included within the scope of the present invention. The methods and applications of the present invention have been described through preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obviously make modifications or appropriate changes and combinations to the methods and applications described herein without departing from the content, spirit and scope of the present invention to realize and apply the technology of the present invention. Although it is believed that those skilled in the art will fully understand the following terms, the following definitions are set forth to help illustrate the subject matter disclosed in the present invention.

[0063] In one aspect, the present invention provides a temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring device, which is mainly composed of a temperature-flame dual-response sensor module and other conventional monitoring equipment modules;

[0064] The temperature-flame dual-response sensor module mainly consists of a transflective element, a spectral signal emitting component, and a spectral signal receiving component. The spectral signal emitting component emits optical signals within a specific wavelength range as a reference signal. The transflective element transmits optical signals from the external environment and reflects the optical signals within the specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component. The optical signals transmitted and reflected by the transflective element constitute a coupling signal. The spectral signal receiving component receives this coupling signal.

[0065] The transmissivity T of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element in the specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component at room temperature is at least 20%, and the change in reflectivity ΔR of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element in the specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component when the temperature is increased from room temperature to 120°C is at least 2%.

[0066] In this invention, the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element can transmit optical signals from the external environment (especially flame light) and reflect optical signals within a specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component. The optical signals transmitted and reflected by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element constitute a coupled signal. The semi-transparent and semi-reflective element can be composed of a lens configuration, a thin film configuration, or a combination of both. For example, one or more layers of semi-transparent and semi-reflective film can be disposed on the surface of a glass lens, or one or more layers of semi-transparent and semi-reflective coating can be formed by coating. Based on the application of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective principle in the technical solution of this invention, theoretically, all optical component configurations, structures, and shapes currently applicable to transmission and reflection are applicable to this invention. Those skilled in the art can directly refer to the above-mentioned prior art and select a suitable solution. It should be noted that in this invention, the coupled signal is composed of the optical signals transmitted by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element from the external environment and the optical signals within a specific wavelength range reflected by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element (emitted by the spectral signal emitting component), and does not include the optical signals reflected by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element from the external environment and the optical signals within a specific wavelength range transmitted by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element (emitted by the spectral signal emitting component).

[0067] In one embodiment, to satisfy the requirements of a transmittance T of at least 20% and a reflectance change ΔR of at least 2%, the material of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element, which simultaneously transmits optical signals from the external environment (especially flame light) and reflects reference signals, includes, but is not limited to, any one of inorganic reversible thermochromic materials, liquid crystal reversible thermochromic materials, organic reversible thermochromic materials, and polymeric reversible thermochromic materials. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can select the appropriate material based on the aforementioned transmittance T and reflectance change ΔR specifications, according to the material specifications / parameters / performance described in the prior art, including self-made materials or commercially available materials as described in existing literature.

[0068] In one preferred embodiment, to improve the response sensitivity of the temperature-flame dual-response sensor module, the transmissivity T of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element in the specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component at room temperature is 50-70%, and the reflectivity change ΔR of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element in the specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component when heated from room temperature to 90°C is at least 3%. The material of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element, which simultaneously functions as the optical signal transmission of the external environment (especially flame light) and the reference signal reflection, includes inorganic reversible thermochromic materials: VO2, VO2 doped with metals and metal oxides, iodides and complexes of Hg and Ag metals. Compounds and complex salts, oxides and complexes of transition metals such as Cr, inorganic Co and Ni salts with water of crystallization, diazonium salts, etc.; liquid crystal reversible thermochromic materials: cholesteric liquid crystals, microencapsulated cholesteric liquid crystals, etc.; organic reversible thermochromic materials: triarylmethane phthalides (crystal violet lactone), triarylmethanes, indoline phthalides (spiro[1,3,3-trimethylindole-(8'-methoxybenzodihydropyran)]), fluoranes (2'-phenylamino-6'-(dibutylamino)-3'-methylfluorane), phenothiazines (benzylphthalide colorless methylene blue), azo compounds (nitrobenzene), etc.; polymeric reversible thermochromic materials: phase change microcapsules, etc.

[0069] In one of the most preferred embodiments, the material of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element, which simultaneously transmits optical signals from the external environment (especially flame light) and reflects reference signals, is a VO2 and PDMS blend film. Specifically, this blend film is prepared by a heat-assisted spin coating process, and the preparation method is as follows:

[0070] (1) Mix the pre-mixed VO2 nanoparticles with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS, a commercially available AB two-component reagent containing curing agent B component) gel precursor and curing agent in a glass beaker with a conventional organic solvent.

[0071] The weight ratio of polydimethylsiloxane gel precursor to curing agent is (6-14):1, and the doping concentration of VO2 is 0.75-2.25 wt‰.

[0072] (2) The mixture obtained in step (1) is subjected to ultrasonic treatment to reduce aggregation and at least 70% by weight of conventional organic solvent is evaporated and removed. The VO2 / PDMS mixture is then spin-coated onto a cleaned lens substrate at a temperature of 25 to 80°C. The VO2 / PDMS liquid film with the lens substrate is then subjected to thermosetting treatment to obtain a semi-transparent and semi-reflective part.

[0073] The materials of the lens substrate include, but are not limited to, glass, acrylic glass (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polycarbonate (PC).

[0074] In this document, the other conventional monitoring equipment modules are conventional modules and components that are necessary or not necessary in optical response monitoring equipment in the prior art. In one embodiment, they may include, for example, a power module, a circuit board, and a housing. Those skilled in the art can refer to and design the equipment based on existing or conventional optical response monitoring equipment, or select and design the equipment based on common knowledge in the art or techniques disclosed in textbooks.

[0075] In this document, the spectral signal emitting component is a device that emits a specific wavelength range within the ultraviolet-visible-infrared light region. The specific wavelength range depends on the technical specifications of the spectral signal emitting component, and those skilled in the art can select a suitable commercially available or self-made spectral signal emitting component based on these specifications. In one embodiment, the spectral signal emitting component includes, but is not limited to, near-infrared emitting tubes (VISHAY brand TSU series), infrared emitting tubes (Kelijie brand SFH series), ultraviolet emitting tubes (UVC series), and visible light emitting tubes (Lanji Optoelectronics brand JAP series), etc.

[0076] In this document, the spectral signal receiving component is a receiving device for a specific wavelength range corresponding to the spectral signal transmitting component. This specific wavelength range depends on the technical specifications of the spectral signal transmitting component, and those skilled in the art can select a suitable commercially available or self-made spectral signal receiving component based on these specifications. In one embodiment, the spectral signal receiving component includes, but is not limited to, near-infrared sensors (Hengsheng Optoelectronics HN series), infrared sensors (Hamamatsu R9 series), ultraviolet sensors (Hamamatsu R2 series), and visible light sensors (Hengsheng Optoelectronics TACA series), etc.

[0077] In one embodiment, after the spectral signal receiving component receives the coupled signal, it can be transmitted to the back-end resolution end or converted into other signals by a converter before being transmitted to the back-end resolution end. The resolution end and the converter can be integrated into the temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring device or can be located in a terminal outside the temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring device.

[0078] In one embodiment, after receiving the coupled signal, the spectral signal receiving component converts it into an electrical output signal representing the light intensity per unit time via an auxiliary analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and then transmits it to the back-end modulation module. The modulation module identifies the electrical output signal and outputs the identification result.

[0079] Based on the above-mentioned technical solution integrating the adjustment module and the converter, the present invention also provides a temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring system, which mainly consists of a temperature-flame dual-response sensor module, an auxiliary analog-to-digital converter, an adjustment module and other conventional monitoring equipment modules;

[0080] The temperature-flame dual-response sensor module mainly consists of a transflective element, a spectral signal emitting component, and a spectral signal receiving component. The spectral signal emitting component emits optical signals within a specific wavelength range as a reference signal. The transflective element transmits optical signals from the external environment and reflects the optical signals within the specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component. The optical signals transmitted and reflected by the transflective element constitute a coupling signal. The spectral signal receiving component receives this coupling signal.

[0081] The transmissivity T of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element in the specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component at room temperature is at least 20%, and the reflectivity change ΔR of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element in the specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component when the temperature is increased from room temperature to 120°C is at least 2%.

[0082] After receiving the coupled signal, the spectral signal receiving component converts it into an electrical output signal representing the light intensity per unit time via an auxiliary analog-to-digital converter, and then transmits it to the back-end modulation module. The modulation module identifies the electrical output signal in the following manner:

[0083] When the flame light intensity is at least 0.5 mW / cm 2 When infrared / visible / ultraviolet flame light is transmitted through a semi-transparent and semi-reflective component, the electrical output signal strength is a positive value x (i.e., x is a positive value).

[0084] When the temperature of the transflective element reaches 80°C and the reference signal emitted by the spectral signal emitting component is reflected by the transflective element, the electrical output signal intensity is a negative value y (i.e., y is negative).

[0085] (I) No state: When the electrical output signal strength fluctuates around the baseline, or when the electrical output signal is within the range of x to y, the modulation module outputs the recognition result of no external state.

[0086] (II) Open flame state: When the electrical output signal strength increases significantly to greater than x within a certain period of time, the modulation module outputs the identification result of an open flame generated in the outside world;

[0087] (Ⅲ) High temperature state: The electrical output signal strength decreases gradually within a certain period of time until it reaches less than y, and the adjustment module outputs the recognition result of the high temperature generated by the external environment;

[0088] (Ⅳ) High temperature and open flame state: The electrical output signal strength first shows the same trend as the electrical output signal strength change in the open flame state, and then the electrical output signal strength shows a gradually decreasing trend. The modulation module outputs the recognition results of high temperature and open flame at the same time.

[0089] In this paper, under the open flame state, the electrical output signal strength increases significantly to greater than x within a certain time. The time span of this certain time will vary slightly depending on the choice of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective material. However, according to the inventor's experimental summary, the electrical output signal strength will increase significantly within the time range of 0 to 3 seconds.

[0090] In this paper, under the high temperature state, the electrical output signal strength shows a gradient decrease to less than y within a certain time. The time span of this certain time will vary slightly depending on the choice of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective material. However, according to the inventor's experimental summary, due to the hysteresis of the thermal conduction of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective material, the electrical output signal strength will gradually decrease within a time range of 4 to 20 seconds.

[0091] In this paper, under the high-temperature open flame condition, the electrical output signal strength first exhibits a trend consistent with that under the open flame condition, and then shows a trend of gradually decreasing electrical output signal strength. The time range of the change in electrical output signal strength is consistent with that under the open flame and high-temperature conditions.

[0092] In this document, the auxiliary analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is a device that converts the output signal of a spectral signal receiving component into an electrical output signal. Those skilled in the art can select a suitable commercially available or self-made auxiliary ADC based on this condition, especially adapting it according to the output signal parameters of the selected spectral signal receiving component. In one embodiment, the auxiliary ADC may include, but is not limited to, the MS1100 series, MS5100 series, ADS1000 series, and AD7700 series.

[0093] In this document, the mediation module is a device capable of recognizing electrical output signals and outputting recognition results according to preset values. Those skilled in the art can select suitable commercially available or self-made mediation modules based on these conditions. In one embodiment, the mediation module may include, but is not limited to, 51 microcontrollers, STM microcontrollers (STM32 series), Arduino microcontrollers (Arduino nano), etc.

[0094] In one preferred embodiment, in order to minimize the size of the device, the spectral signal transmitting component, the spectral signal receiving component, and the auxiliary analog-to-digital converter can be integrated into a single module or component. In one embodiment, the integrated module or component can be selected from, but is not limited to, the Hamamatsu R2 series, etc.

[0095] The present application will be further explained in detail below with reference to embodiments. However, those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0096] Example

[0097] The embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. Where specific conditions are not specified in the examples, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer shall apply. Where the manufacturers of reagents or instruments are not specified, they are all commercially available conventional products. This application should not be construed as being limited to the specific embodiments described.

[0098] Fabrication of semi-transparent and semi-reflective components:

[0099] The semi-transparent and semi-reflective component, which simultaneously transmits optical signals from the external environment (especially flame light) and reflects reference signals, is made of a VO2 and PDMS blend film. Specifically, this blend film is prepared by a heat-assisted spin coating process, and the preparation method is as follows:

[0100] (1) Mix the pre-mixed VO2 nanoparticles with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS, a commercially available AB two-component reagent containing curing agent B component) gel precursor and curing agent in a glass beaker with a conventional organic solvent.

[0101] The weight ratio of polydimethylsiloxane gel precursor to curing agent is (6-14):1, and the doping concentration of VO2 is 0.75-2.25 wt‰.

[0102] (2) The mixture obtained in step (1) is subjected to ultrasonic treatment to reduce aggregation, and at least 70% by weight of conventional organic solvent is evaporated and removed. The VO2 / PDMS mixture is then spin-coated onto a cleaned quartz glass lens substrate at a temperature of 25 to 80°C. The VO2 / PDMS liquid film with the lens substrate is then heat-cured to obtain a semi-transparent and semi-reflective part. The spin-coating method is to spin-coat at a rate of 300 to 1500 rpm within 15 to 75 seconds.

[0103] The transmittance T940 of the prepared semi-transparent and semi-reflective component at room temperature within a specific wavelength range (940nm) emitted by the spectral signal emitting component, and the reflectance change ΔR940 of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective component at a specific wavelength range (940nm) emitted by the spectral signal emitting component when the temperature is increased from room temperature (20℃) to 90℃, are mainly affected by the doping concentration of VO2 and the spin coating method. When the doping concentration of VO2 is 2.25wt‰ and the spin coating method is to spin coat at a rate of 750rpm within 45s, the prepared semi-transparent and semi-reflective component has a T940 of 56.3% and a ΔR940 of 4.4%, which is used in the following examples.

[0104] As attached Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment of a temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring system mainly consists of a temperature-flame dual-response sensor module, an auxiliary analog-to-digital converter, a modulation module, and other conventional monitoring equipment modules;

[0105] The temperature-flame dual-response sensor module mainly consists of a transflective element, a spectral signal emitting component, and a spectral signal receiving component. The spectral signal emitting component emits optical signals within a specific wavelength range as a reference signal. The transflective element transmits optical signals from the external environment and reflects the optical signals within the specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component. The optical signals transmitted and reflected by the transflective element constitute a coupling signal. The spectral signal receiving component receives this coupling signal.

[0106] The spectral signal transmitting component, spectral signal receiving component, and auxiliary analog-to-digital converter are integrated modules (HAMAMATSU R2868), with the addition of a conventional signal amplification module (LM358), power supply module, demodulation module (STM32F407ZGT), and housing. They are assembled according to the structure of commercially available near-infrared flame detectors, or components of commercially available near-infrared flame detectors can be directly replaced. The circuit diagram is shown below. Figure 11 As shown, it also includes other conventional monitoring equipment modules, such as microcontrollers (MCUs) and communication modules. In the diagram, the spectral transmitter / receiver module integrates a spectral signal transmitter component, a spectral signal receiver component, and an auxiliary analog-to-digital converter.

[0107] After receiving the coupled signal, the spectral signal receiving component converts it into an electrical output signal representing the light intensity per unit time via an auxiliary analog-to-digital converter, and then transmits it to the back-end modulation module. The modulation module identifies the electrical output signal in the following manner:

[0108] When the flame light intensity is 0.5 mW / cm 2 When the infrared flame light is transmitted through a semi-transparent and semi-reflective component, the electrical output signal strength is a positive value x (x = 8, open flame response warning threshold).

[0109] When the temperature of the transflective element reaches 68°C and the reference signal emitted by the spectral signal emitting component is reflected by the transflective element, the electrical output signal strength is a negative value y (y = -8, high temperature response warning threshold).

[0110] (1) No state: When the strength of the electrical output signal fluctuates around the baseline, or when the electrical output signal is within the range of x to y, the modulation module outputs the recognition result of the absence of external state.

[0111] (2) Open flame state: When the electrical output signal strength increases significantly to greater than x within a certain period of time, the modulation module outputs the identification result of an open flame generated in the outside world;

[0112] (3) High temperature state: The electrical output signal strength decreases gradually within a certain period of time until it reaches less than y, and the adjustment module outputs the recognition result of the high temperature generated by the external environment;

[0113] (4) High temperature and open flame state: The electrical output signal strength first shows the same trend of electrical output signal strength change as the open flame state, and then the electrical output signal strength shows a gradual decreasing trend. The adjustment module outputs the recognition results of high temperature and open flame at the same time.

[0114] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring device, characterized in that... It mainly consists of a temperature-flame dual-response sensor module, a power supply module, a circuit board, and a housing; The temperature-flame dual-response sensor module mainly consists of a transflective element, a spectral signal emitting component, and a spectral signal receiving component. The spectral signal emitting component emits optical signals within a specific wavelength range as a reference signal. The transflective element transmits optical signals from the external environment and reflects the optical signals within the specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component. The optical signals transmitted and reflected by the transflective element constitute a coupling signal. The spectral signal receiving component receives this coupling signal. The transmissivity T of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element in the specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component at room temperature is at least 20%, and the change in reflectivity ΔR of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element in the specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component when the temperature is increased from room temperature to 120°C is at least 2%.

2. The temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material used in the semi-transparent and semi-reflective component, which simultaneously transmits optical signals from the external environment and reflects reference signals, includes any one of the following: inorganic reversible thermochromic materials, liquid crystal reversible thermochromic materials, organic reversible thermochromic materials, and polymer reversible thermochromic materials.

3. The temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmissivity T of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element in the specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component at room temperature is 50-70%, and the reflectivity change ΔR of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element in the specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component when the temperature is increased from room temperature to 90 ℃ is at least 3%. The material of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element, which simultaneously functions as optical signal transmission to the external environment and reference signal reflection, includes any one of inorganic reversible thermochromic materials, liquid crystal reversible thermochromic materials, organic reversible thermochromic materials, and polymer reversible thermochromic materials.

4. The temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inorganic reversible thermochromic materials include any one of the following: VO2, VO2 doped with metals and metal oxides, iodides, complexes, and double salts of Hg and Ag metals, oxides and complexes of transition metal Cr, inorganic Co and Ni salts with water of crystallization, and diazonium salts; the liquid crystal reversible thermochromic materials include any one of the following: cholesteric liquid crystals and microencapsulated cholesteric liquid crystals; the organic reversible thermochromic materials include any one of the following: triarylmethane phthalide materials, triarylmethane materials, indoline phthalide materials, fluorane materials, phenothiazine materials, and azo materials; the polymeric reversible thermochromic materials include phase change microcapsules.

5. The temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring equipment also includes an auxiliary analog-to-digital converter and a modulation module.

6. The temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spectral signal transmitting component, the spectral signal receiving component, and the auxiliary analog-to-digital converter are integrated into a single module or component.

7. A temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring system, characterized in that... It mainly consists of a temperature-flame dual-response sensor module, an auxiliary analog-to-digital converter, a modulation module and power supply module, a circuit board, and a housing; The temperature-flame dual-response sensor module mainly consists of a transflective element, a spectral signal emitting component, and a spectral signal receiving component. The spectral signal emitting component emits optical signals within a specific wavelength range as a reference signal. The transflective element transmits optical signals from the external environment and reflects the optical signals within the specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component. The optical signals transmitted and reflected by the transflective element constitute a coupling signal. The spectral signal receiving component receives this coupling signal. The transmissivity T of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element in the specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component at room temperature is at least 20%, and the change in reflectivity ΔR of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element in the specific wavelength range emitted by the spectral signal emitting component when the temperature is increased from room temperature to 120°C is at least 2%. After receiving the coupled signal, the spectral signal receiving component converts it into an electrical output signal representing the light intensity per unit time via an auxiliary analog-to-digital converter, and then transmits it to the back-end modulation module. The modulation module identifies the electrical output signal in the following manner: When the flame light intensity is at least 0.5 mW / cm 2 When infrared / visible / ultraviolet flame light is transmitted through a semi-transparent and semi-reflective component, the electrical output signal strength is a positive value x. When the temperature of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element reaches 80 ℃ and the reference signal emitted by the spectral signal transmitting component is reflected by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element, the electrical output signal intensity is negative y. (I) No state: When the electrical output signal strength fluctuates around the baseline, or when the electrical output signal is within the range of x ~ y, the modulation module outputs the recognition result of no external state. (II) Open flame state: When the electrical output signal strength increases significantly to greater than x within a certain period of time, the modulation module outputs the identification result of an open flame generated in the outside world; (III) High temperature state: The electrical output signal strength decreases gradually within a certain period of time until it reaches less than y, and the adjustment module outputs the recognition result of high temperature generated by the external environment; (IV) High temperature and open flame state: The electrical output signal strength first shows the same trend as the electrical output signal strength change in the open flame state, and then the electrical output signal strength shows a gradual decreasing trend. The modulation module outputs the recognition results of high temperature and open flame in the external environment at the same time.

8. The temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spectral signal transmitting component, the spectral signal receiving component, and the auxiliary analog-to-digital converter are integrated into a single module or component.

9. The temperature-flame dual-response fire monitoring system as described in claim 7 is applied to the field of fire early warning, characterized in that... Applicable areas or locations include any one of the following: residential areas, public places, power grid transmission line areas, cable trenches or tunnels, energy storage power stations, and ultra-high voltage substations.

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