Combined electric appliance optical fiber direct temperature measuring method, detection structure and complete equipment

Abstract

The application provides a combined electrical appliance optical fiber direct temperature measurement method, a detection structure and a complete equipment. The combined electrical appliance optical fiber direct temperature measurement method comprises the following steps: obtaining temperature data of an optical fiber temperature sensor in a combined electrical appliance; the installation position of the optical fiber temperature sensor comprises at least one of the following: the hollow structure of an internal conductive rod of the combined electrical appliance, the two end contacts of the conductive rod and the inner side surface of the shell of the combined electrical appliance; determining a temperature model of the combined electrical appliance based on the temperature data; the temperature model is used to indicate the internal temperature of the combined electrical appliance under various working conditions; and the internal temperature of the combined electrical appliance is monitored in real time based on the temperature model. The application can solve the problem that the traditional temperature detection method is difficult to accurately detect the internal hot spot temperature of the combined electrical appliance, improve the accuracy of the internal temperature detection of the combined electrical appliance, effectively find the overheating defects in the equipment in time, and prevent equipment failure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of combined electrical appliance testing technology, and in particular to a method, testing structure and complete set of equipment for direct fiber optic temperature measurement of combined electrical appliances. Background Technology

[0002] Combined electrical appliances possess excellent arc-extinguishing and insulation properties, leading to their widespread application in power grids. Due to high-voltage environments and insulation requirements, current safety monitoring of these appliances primarily relies on externally mounted sensors to measure changes in internal state parameters. For example, ultra-high frequency (UHF) sensors mounted on the flanges of basin-type insulators are used for UHF partial discharge detection, as are ultrasonic partial discharge detection techniques that place ultrasonic sensors on the equipment housing. These technologies can detect the presence of partial discharges within the combined electrical appliance.

[0003] In practice, combined electrical appliances often experience abnormal temperature rises and contact overheating due to loose internal high-voltage conductor connections or insufficient insertion depth of moving and stationary contacts, leading to equipment failure. Because combined electrical appliances are characterized by their fully enclosed structure, high operating current, and small size, and because there is a distance between the internal conductors and the outer casing, traditional methods of detecting temperatures through external infrared thermography or by installing thermocouples, resistance temperature detectors (RTDs), and semiconductor temperature sensors on the outer casing result in temperatures that differ significantly from the internal hotspot temperatures, failing to accurately reflect the temperature of the internal conductors. Currently, there are no effective technical means for detecting the internal temperature of combined electrical appliances.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new combined electrical appliance temperature detection solution to solve the problem of poor accuracy of traditional temperature detection methods, so as to detect overheating defects inside the equipment in a timely and effective manner and prevent equipment failure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method, detection structure, and complete set of equipment for direct fiber optic temperature measurement of combined electrical appliances. It can solve the problem of poor accuracy of traditional temperature detection methods, improve the accuracy of internal temperature detection of combined electrical appliances, and can detect overheating defects inside the equipment in a timely and effective manner, thus preventing equipment failure.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for direct fiber optic temperature measurement of a combined electrical appliance, comprising: acquiring temperature data from a fiber optic temperature sensor in the combined electrical appliance; the installation location of the fiber optic temperature sensor includes at least one of the following: inside the hollow structure of the conductive rod inside the combined electrical appliance, at the two end contacts of the conductive rod, and on the inner surface of the outer shell of the combined electrical appliance; determining a temperature model of the combined electrical appliance based on the temperature data; the temperature model being used to indicate the internal temperature of the combined electrical appliance under various operating conditions; and real-time monitoring and diagnostic analysis of the internal temperature of the combined electrical appliance based on the temperature model.

[0007] This invention provides a method for direct fiber optic temperature measurement of combined electrical appliances. By installing fiber optic temperature sensors at various locations, including the hollow structure of the conductive rod inside the combined electrical appliance, the contact points at both ends of the conductive rod, and the inner surface of the appliance's outer casing, direct measurement of the internal conductor temperature is achieved. Based on the detected temperature data, a temperature model of the combined electrical appliance is determined to indicate its internal temperature under various operating conditions. This allows for real-time monitoring and diagnostic analysis of the appliance's internal temperature. This invention solves the problem of poor accuracy in traditional temperature detection methods, improving the accuracy of internal temperature detection in combined electrical appliances. It enables timely and effective detection of overheating defects within the equipment, preventing equipment failure.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the fiber optic temperature sensor includes distributed fiber optic temperature sensors and / or single-point fiber optic temperature sensors.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the fiber optic temperature sensor includes a first fiber optic temperature sensor installed on the inner side of the housing of the combined appliance and at both ends of the conductive rod; the first fiber optic temperature sensor is a reflective fiber optic temperature sensor; acquiring temperature data at the installation location of the fiber optic temperature sensor includes: sending a first optical signal to the first fiber optic temperature sensor through a first conductive fiber; receiving a second optical signal transmitted back from the first fiber optic temperature sensor through the first conductive fiber; determining the resonant wavelength and resonant peak intensity when the first optical signal and the second optical signal resonate; and determining the temperature at the first fiber optic temperature sensor based on the resonant wavelength and resonant peak intensity.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the fiber optic temperature sensor further includes a second fiber optic temperature sensor installed within the hollow structure of the conductive rod inside the combined appliance; the second fiber optic temperature sensor is a transmission-type fiber optic temperature sensor; acquiring temperature data at the installation location of the fiber optic temperature sensor further includes: transmitting a third optical signal to the second fiber optic temperature sensor and a reference fiber optic temperature sensor respectively through a second conductive fiber; receiving a fourth optical signal passing through the second fiber optic temperature sensor through a third conductive fiber; receiving a fifth optical signal passing through the reference fiber optic temperature sensor through a fourth conductive fiber; determining the difference between the fourth and fifth optical signals, the difference including at least one of the following: amplitude deviation, phase deviation, and frequency deviation; and determining the temperature at the fiber optic temperature sensor based on the difference and the temperature at the reference fiber optic temperature sensor.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the temperature data includes temperatures at multiple installation locations within a historical time period; based on the temperature data, a temperature model for the combined electrical appliance is determined, including: determining operating conditions corresponding to multiple time points within the historical time period; the operating conditions include real-time power and / or real-time current; based on the operating conditions, the temperature data is segmented to obtain multiple samples; each sample includes temperatures at multiple installation locations under set operating conditions; based on the multiple samples, cluster analysis is performed according to the operating conditions and the installation locations to obtain the temperature model.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the internal temperature of the combined electrical appliance is monitored in real time based on a temperature model. This further includes: acquiring the temperature of the inner surface of the casing of other combined electrical appliances; the equipment parameters of the other combined electrical appliances are the same as those of the combined electrical appliance; and determining the temperature of the internal conductors in the other combined electrical appliances based on the temperature of the inner surface of their casings and the temperature model.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: acquiring the real-time temperatures of the moving contact and the stationary contact respectively through fiber optic temperature sensors at both ends of the conductive rod; if the difference between the real-time temperature of the moving contact and the real-time temperature of the stationary contact is greater than a set temperature, then it is determined that there is an insertion abnormality between the moving contact and the stationary contact, wherein the insertion abnormality indicates that the moving contact and the stationary contact are not properly inserted or are not securely inserted.

[0014] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a detection structure for direct fiber optic temperature measurement of a combined electrical appliance. This detection structure includes: a control device, a conductive fiber, and a fiber optic temperature sensor. The fiber optic temperature sensor is connected to the control device via the conductive fiber. When the detection structure is in operation, a temperature model of the combined electrical appliance is determined based on the temperature data from the fiber optic temperature sensor. Based on the temperature model, the internal temperature of the combined electrical appliance is monitored in real time. The installation location of the fiber optic temperature sensor includes at least one of the following: inside the hollow structure of the conductive rod inside the combined electrical appliance, at the two end contacts of the conductive rod, and on the inner surface of the outer shell of the combined electrical appliance.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the fiber optic temperature sensor includes a first fiber optic temperature sensor installed on the inner side of the housing of the combined appliance and at both ends of the conductive rod; the first fiber optic temperature sensor is a reflective fiber optic temperature sensor; the fiber optic temperature sensor also includes a second fiber optic temperature sensor installed in the hollow structure of the conductive rod inside the combined appliance; the second fiber optic temperature sensor is a transmissive fiber optic temperature sensor.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the combined electrical appliance includes a basin-type insulator with a hollow channel from the hollow structure of the conductive rod to the outer casing of the combined electrical appliance; a conductive optical fiber is laid in the hollow structure and connected to a control device located outside the combined electrical appliance through the outer casing of the combined electrical appliance.

[0017] In one possible implementation, a first fiber optic temperature sensor is arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the combined appliance housing; a second fiber optic temperature sensor is arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the conductive rod in the hollow structure.

[0018] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a complete set of equipment, including a combined electrical appliance body and a detection structure for direct fiber optic temperature measurement of the combined electrical appliance as described in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0019] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a control device, including a communication module and a processing module; the communication module is used to acquire temperature data from a fiber optic temperature sensor in a combined electrical appliance; the installation location of the fiber optic temperature sensor includes at least one of the following: inside the hollow structure of the conductive rod inside the combined electrical appliance, at the two end contacts of the conductive rod, and on the inner side of the outer shell of the combined electrical appliance; the processing module is used to determine a temperature model of the combined electrical appliance based on the temperature data; the temperature model is used to indicate the internal temperature of the combined electrical appliance under various operating conditions; and based on the temperature model, real-time monitoring and diagnostic analysis of the internal temperature of the combined electrical appliance is performed.

[0020] Fifthly, embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device includes a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor being configured to call and run the computer program stored in the memory to perform the steps of the method as described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0021] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, when executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the method as described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0022] The present invention patent has the following technical effects.

[0023] 1. This invention enables real-time detection of the temperature of conductors and internal space in the combined electrical appliance by installing an optical fiber temperature sensor inside the appliance.

[0024] 2. The fiber optic direct temperature measurement method for combined electrical appliances provided by this invention solves the problem of poor accuracy of traditional temperature detection methods, improves the accuracy of internal temperature detection of combined electrical appliances, and can timely and effectively detect overheating defects inside the equipment, preventing equipment failure.

[0025] 3. This invention uses an optical fiber temperature sensor to detect the internal temperature of the combined electrical appliance, solving the insulation and electromagnetic interference problems in the signal transmission process that are difficult to solve with traditional temperature detection devices.

[0026] 4. This invention places the optical fiber in a hollow structure and hollow channel to avoid the influence of the sensor on the internal field strength distribution of the combined electrical appliance and the original equipment structure design. Without affecting the normal operation of the equipment, it establishes a transmission channel for the optical fiber sensor signal to be led out from the inside of the equipment to the outside, which greatly reduces the problem of local distortion of the internal field strength caused by the installation of the optical fiber temperature sensor.

[0027] 5. The fiber optic direct temperature measurement detection structure for combined electrical appliances provided by this invention enables direct temperature measurement inside the combined electrical appliance, and by detecting the temperature of the contact points, it can directly detect poor contact problems in the combined electrical appliance, thereby reducing the probability of combined electrical appliance failure and improving the safety and reliability of the combined electrical appliance. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a current type of combined electrical appliance internal temperature measurement scenario;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a detection structure for direct fiber optic temperature measurement of a combined electrical appliance provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a combined electrical appliance at point A-A' provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the conductor contact in a combined electrical appliance provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic flowchart of a fiber optic direct temperature measurement method for a combined electrical appliance provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6This is a schematic flowchart of another fiber optic direct temperature measurement method for combined electrical appliances provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic flowchart of another fiber optic direct temperature measurement method for combined electrical appliances provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a control device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the invention can be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the invention with unnecessary detail.

[0039] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or". For example, A / B can mean A or B. The term "and / or" in this document is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Furthermore, "at least one" and "more than one" refer to two or more. The terms "first," "second," etc., do not limit the quantity or order of execution, and "first," "second," etc., do not necessarily imply differences.

[0040] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner to facilitate understanding.

[0041] Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, used in the description of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or modules is not limited to the steps or modules listed, but may optionally include other steps or modules not listed, or may optionally include other steps or modules inherent to such process, method, product, or device.

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following description will be provided in conjunction with other accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a scenario for internal temperature measurement in a currently existing combination of electrical appliances. (Example:) Figure 1 As shown, mounting holes are provided in the casing of the combined appliance for mounting a temperature sensor 101. For example, the temperature sensor 101 can be an infrared temperature sensor or a thermocouple temperature sensor. This solution measures the internal temperature of the combined appliance by installing the temperature sensor 101 on the casing. However, due to the large internal space of the combined appliance, the large distance between the internal conductors and the casing, and the large temperature difference between the internal conductors and the casing, the temperature data measured by the temperature sensor 101 installed on the casing cannot accurately reflect the temperature of the internal conductors of the combined appliance.

[0044] Furthermore, due to the high-voltage environment and insulation requirements inside the combined electrical appliances, sensors such as infrared temperature sensors and thermocouple temperature sensors cannot be installed near or on the surface of the conductor to directly measure its temperature. Therefore, current temperature detection solutions for combined electrical appliances suffer from low accuracy.

[0045] To solve the above technical problems, such as Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a detection structure for direct fiber optic temperature measurement of a combined electrical appliance. The detection structure includes a control device 201, a conductive fiber 202, and a fiber optic temperature sensor 203.

[0046] In some embodiments, the control device 201 may include an optical fiber host and a receiver. The optical fiber host transmits optical signals, which are then transmitted to the optical fiber temperature sensor 203 via a transmission optical fiber 202. The transmission optical fiber 202 transmits the optical signals transmitted by the optical fiber host to the optical fiber temperature sensor 203, and also transmits the optical signals returned by the optical fiber temperature sensor 203 to the receiver.

[0047] To install this temperature measuring structure and realize the direct fiber optic temperature measurement method for the combined electrical appliance, this embodiment of the invention also provides an application scenario under a typical combined electrical appliance structure. The combined electrical appliance includes a housing 204 and a conductive rod 205. A hollow structure 206 is provided inside the conductive rod 205.

[0048] In this embodiment, the fiber optic temperature sensor 203 is connected to the control device 201 via a conductive fiber optic cable 202.

[0049] In some embodiments, depending on the distribution of the fiber optic temperature probes, the fiber optic temperature sensor 203 includes distributed fiber optic temperature sensors and / or single-point fiber optic temperature sensors. Exemplarily, there are multiple fiber optic temperature sensors 203. All of the multiple fiber optic temperature sensors 203 are distributed fiber optic temperature sensors. Alternatively, all of the multiple fiber optic temperature sensors 203 are single-point fiber optic temperature sensors. Alternatively, some of the multiple fiber optic temperature sensors 203 are single-point fiber optic temperature sensors, and others are distributed fiber optic temperature sensors.

[0050] For example, a distributed fiber optic temperature sensor is a fiber optic temperature sensor in which fiber optic temperature probes are distributed on a single fiber optic cable; a single-point fiber optic temperature sensor is a fiber optic temperature sensor in which a single fiber optic temperature probe is placed on a single fiber optic cable.

[0051] In some embodiments, based on the working principle of the fiber optic temperature sensor, the fiber optic temperature sensor may include a reflective fiber optic temperature sensor and a transmissive fiber optic temperature sensor. The distributed fiber optic temperature sensor can be either a reflective or a transmissive fiber optic temperature sensor. The single-point fiber optic temperature sensor can be either a reflective or a transmissive fiber optic temperature sensor.

[0052] In this embodiment of the application, the installation location of the fiber optic temperature sensor 203 includes at least one of the following: inside the hollow structure 206 of the conductive rod 205 inside the combined appliance, at the two end contacts of the conductive rod, and on the inner side of the outer shell 204 of the combined appliance.

[0053] In some embodiments, the fiber optic temperature sensor 203 includes a first fiber optic temperature sensor 2031 mounted on the inner side of the housing of the combined appliance and at both ends of the conductive rod. The first fiber optic temperature sensor 2031 is a reflective fiber optic temperature sensor.

[0054] For example, the first fiber optic temperature sensor 2031 is arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner side of the housing of the combined appliance. Figure 3 for Figure 2 The cross-sectional view of the combined electrical appliance at point A-A' is shown. Figure 3 As shown, the number of first fiber optic temperature sensors 2031 can be four, evenly spaced along the inner circumferential surface of the combined appliance housing. The installation positions of the first fiber optic temperature sensors 2031 can be as follows: Figure 3 The first installation position 301, the second installation position 302, the third installation position 303, and the fourth installation position 304 are shown.

[0055] In other embodiments, the fiber optic temperature sensor 203 further includes a second fiber optic temperature sensor 2032 installed within the hollow structure of the conductive rod inside the combined appliance. The second fiber optic temperature sensor 2032 is a transmission-type fiber optic temperature sensor.

[0056] For example, the second fiber optic temperature sensor 2032 is disposed at equal intervals along the axial direction of the conductive rod within the hollow structure. Figure 2 As shown, the installation positions of the second fiber optic temperature sensor 2032 within the hollow structure may include the fifth installation position 2032-1, the sixth installation position 2032-2, and the seventh installation position 2032-3.

[0057] It should be noted that fiber optic temperature sensors are installed at both the moving and stationary contacts to detect their temperatures separately, thereby determining whether the moving and stationary contacts are properly and securely connected.

[0058] For example, the fiber optic temperature sensors at the moving and stationary contacts can be two fiber optic temperature probes in a distributed fiber optic temperature sensor, or they can be two single-point fiber optic temperature sensors.

[0059] In this embodiment of the application, when the detection structure is working, the temperature model of the combined appliance is determined based on the temperature data at the installation location of the fiber optic temperature sensor 203, and the internal temperature of the combined appliance is monitored in real time based on the temperature model.

[0060] In this way, the fiber optic direct temperature measurement detection structure for combined electrical appliances provided by this invention allows the fiber optic temperature sensor to be directly installed in the hollow structure of the conductive rod inside the combined electrical appliance, enabling direct detection of the temperature of the internal conductors and achieving accurate measurement of the internal conductor temperature. Furthermore, the detection structure can determine a temperature model based on the temperature data and perform real-time monitoring of the internal temperature of the combined electrical appliance based on the temperature model, achieving real-time online monitoring of the internal conductor temperature.

[0061] It should be noted that, compared to infrared and thermocouple temperature sensors, fiber optic temperature sensors offer advantages such as superior insulation and resistance to electromagnetic interference, making them suitable for the high-voltage environment inside combined electrical appliances. Furthermore, fiber optic temperature sensors utilize optical signal transmission, unaffected by the internal environment and electromagnetic fields of the combined electrical appliances, ensuring stable signal transmission and resolving the insulation and electromagnetic interference issues that traditional temperature detection devices struggle with.

[0062] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the combined electrical appliance includes a basin-type insulator 207. The basin-type insulator 207 is provided with a hollow channel 208 from the hollow structure 206 of the conductive rod to the housing 204 of the combined electrical appliance.

[0063] In some embodiments, the optical fiber 202 is laid in the hollow structure 206 and the hollow channel 208, and is connected to the control device 201 located outside the combined appliance through the housing 204 of the combined appliance.

[0064] It is understandable that the optical fiber 202 is set in the hollow structure 206 and the hollow channel 208. Compared with setting the optical fiber temperature sensor on the outer surface of the conductor, it can avoid the influence of the sensor on the field strength distribution inside the combined electrical appliance and the original equipment structure design. And without affecting the normal operation of the equipment, it establishes a transmission channel for the optical fiber sensor signal to be led out from the inside of the equipment to the outside.

[0065] In this embodiment of the invention, the fiber optic temperature sensor is placed in the hollow structure 206, and the conductive fiber 202 is placed in the hollow structure 206 and the hollow channel 208, which can greatly reduce the problem of local distortion of the field strength inside the equipment caused by the installation of the fiber optic temperature sensor.

[0066] Optional, Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the conductor contacts in the combined electrical appliance provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 4 As shown, the combined electrical appliance may include a first contact 401 and a second contact 402. The first contact 401 may be a moving contact or a stationary contact. The second contact 402 may be a moving contact or a stationary contact. When the first contact 401 is a moving contact, the second contact 402 is a stationary contact. When the first contact 401 is a stationary contact, the second contact 402 is a moving contact.

[0067] In some embodiments, the first fiber optic temperature sensor 2031 disposed at the contacts at both ends of the conductive rod can be installed inside the hollow structure 206, on the outer surface of the contact, or on the inner surface of the contact.

[0068] For example, the mounting location of the first fiber optic temperature sensor 2031 can be... Figure 4 The eighth mounting position 403, the ninth mounting position 404, and the tenth mounting position 405 are shown. The eighth mounting position 403 is the position within the hollow structure 206 closest to the first contact 401. The ninth mounting position 404 is the outer surface of the first contact 401. The tenth mounting position 405 is the inner surface of the second contact 402.

[0069] It should be noted that when the first fiber optic temperature sensor 2031 is installed at the ninth installation position 404, holes need to be made in the first contact 401 and the conductive rod 202 to facilitate the laying of the optical fiber.

[0070] It should be noted that poor contact between the contacts of the combined electrical appliances is one of the main factors leading to their malfunction. Poor contact results in overheating of the contacting contacts, inconsistent temperatures between the two contacts, and inconsistencies between the contact temperature and the temperature of the conductive rod. Therefore, by detecting the temperature of the contacts and the condition of the conductive rod, it is possible to effectively detect whether poor contact exists between the combined electrical appliances.

[0071] In this way, the fiber optic direct temperature measurement detection structure for combined electrical appliances provided by the present invention can directly measure the internal temperature of the combined electrical appliances, and directly detect poor contact problems of the combined electrical appliances by detecting the temperature of the contacts, thereby reducing the probability of combined electrical appliance failure and improving the safety and reliability of the combined electrical appliances.

[0072] like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a method for direct fiber optic temperature measurement of combined electrical appliances, applied to the combined electrical appliances and the detection structure for direct fiber optic temperature measurement of combined electrical appliances in the above embodiment. The method for direct fiber optic temperature measurement of combined electrical appliances includes steps S501-S503.

[0073] S501. Obtain temperature data from the fiber optic temperature sensor in the combined electrical appliance.

[0074] In this embodiment of the application, the installation location of the fiber optic temperature sensor includes at least one of the following: inside the hollow structure of the conductive rod inside the combined appliance, at the two end contacts of the conductive rod, and on the inner side of the outer shell of the combined appliance.

[0075] In some embodiments, the fiber optic temperature sensor includes a first fiber optic temperature sensor mounted on the inner side of the housing of the combined appliance and at both ends of the conductive rod; the first fiber optic temperature sensor is a reflective fiber optic temperature sensor.

[0076] As one possible implementation, step S501 can be achieved through steps A1-A4.

[0077] A1. Send a first optical signal to the first optical fiber temperature sensor through the first optical fiber.

[0078] As one possible implementation, the control device can periodically send a first optical signal to the first fiber optic temperature sensor. Alternatively, the control device can directly and continuously send a first optical signal to the first fiber optic temperature sensor.

[0079] A2. Receive the second optical signal transmitted back from the first optical fiber temperature sensor through the first optical fiber.

[0080] A3. Determine the resonant wavelength and resonant peak intensity when the first and second optical signals resonate.

[0081] A4. Determine the temperature at the first fiber optic temperature sensor based on the resonant wavelength and resonant peak intensity.

[0082] It should be noted that the reflective fiber optic temperature sensor, after acting on the first optical signal, reflects the second optical signal back to the control device along the transmission optical path. Due to the influence of the internal temperature of the combined electrical appliance, the second optical signal and the first optical signal are out of phase. The first and second optical signals resonate within the first guiding fiber. Therefore, the control device can detect the temperature at the installation location of the first fiber optic temperature sensor by detecting the resonant wavelength and peak intensity of the first and second optical signals at the point of resonance.

[0083] In other embodiments, the fiber optic temperature sensor further includes a second fiber optic temperature sensor installed within the hollow structure of the conductive rod inside the combined appliance; the second fiber optic temperature sensor is a transmission type fiber optic temperature sensor.

[0084] As another possible implementation, step S501 can also be implemented through steps B1-B5.

[0085] B1. A third optical signal is sent to the second optical fiber temperature sensor and the reference optical fiber temperature sensor respectively through the second transmission optical fiber.

[0086] B2. Receive the fourth optical signal from the second optical fiber temperature sensor via the third optical fiber.

[0087] B3. Receive the fifth optical signal from the reference fiber temperature sensor via the fourth optical fiber.

[0088] B4. Determine the differences between the fourth and fifth optical signals, including at least one of the following: amplitude deviation, phase deviation, and frequency deviation.

[0089] B5. Based on the difference and the temperature at the reference fiber optic temperature sensor, determine the temperature at the fiber optic temperature sensor.

[0090] It should be noted that the transmissive fiber optic temperature sensor, after acting on the third optical signal, transmits a fourth optical signal to the control device via the third optical fiber. Because the transmissive fiber optic temperature sensor is affected by the internal temperature of the combined electrical appliance, the fourth optical signal and the third optical signal differ in characteristics such as wavelength, amplitude, frequency, and polarization state. Therefore, the control device can detect the temperature at the fiber optic temperature sensor by detecting the difference between the fourth and fifth optical signals.

[0091] S502. Based on temperature data, determine the temperature model of the combined electrical appliances.

[0092] The temperature model is used to indicate the internal temperature of the combined electrical appliances under various operating conditions.

[0093] In some embodiments, operating conditions are used to characterize temperature-related operating parameters of the combined electrical equipment during operation. For example, operating conditions may include real-time power and real-time current.

[0094] In some embodiments, the temperature model is also used to characterize the temperature differences at different detection points inside the combined electrical appliance under various operating conditions.

[0095] It is understandable that the internal conductors of a combined electrical appliance will heat up differently when operating at different power levels or currents. Under the same operating conditions, the temperature will vary at different locations within the combined electrical appliance.

[0096] For example, when the combined appliance operates at 1000A and 2000A, the heating of the internal conductors of the combined appliance is different, and the temperature of the internal conductors and the temperature of the inner surface of the appliance's outer casing are different.

[0097] As another example, when the combined appliance operates at 1000A, the temperature of the internal conductors, the temperature of the outer casing, and the temperature of the contacts are different.

[0098] In some embodiments, the temperature data includes temperatures at multiple installation locations over a historical time period.

[0099] As one possible implementation, the control device can calculate the temperature model of the combined electrical appliances by detecting temperature data from fiber optic temperature sensors over a historical period.

[0100] S503: Based on a temperature model, the internal temperature of the combined electrical appliances is monitored in real time.

[0101] As one possible implementation, the control device can compare the currently detected temperature data with a temperature model, and based on the comparison result, determine whether the internal temperature of the combined appliance is normal.

[0102] For example, the control device can calculate the temperature difference between the conductor temperature and the casing temperature in the currently detected temperature data, compare the temperature difference with the temperature difference in the temperature model, and if the temperature difference is within a reasonable range determined by the temperature difference in the temperature model, the control device determines that the internal temperature of the combined appliance is normal.

[0103] As another possible implementation, the control device can also determine whether the internal temperature of the combined electrical appliance is normal based on the current operating conditions of the combined electrical appliance, the currently detected temperature data, and the temperature model.

[0104] For example, the control device can obtain the temperature range in the temperature model under the current operating conditions. If the currently detected temperature data is within the temperature range, the control device determines that the internal temperature of the combined electrical appliance is normal.

[0105] This invention provides a method for direct fiber optic temperature measurement of combined electrical appliances. By installing fiber optic temperature sensors at various locations, including the hollow structure of the conductive rod inside the combined electrical appliance, the contact points at both ends of the conductive rod, and the inner surface of the appliance's outer casing, direct measurement of the internal conductor temperature is achieved. Based on the detected temperature data, a temperature model of the combined electrical appliance is determined to indicate its internal temperature under various operating conditions. This allows for real-time monitoring of the appliance's internal temperature. This fiber optic direct temperature measurement method solves the problem of poor accuracy in traditional temperature detection methods, improves the accuracy of internal temperature detection in combined electrical appliances, and enables timely and effective detection of overheating defects within the equipment, preventing equipment failure.

[0106] Optional, such as Figure 6 As shown, step S502 can be achieved through steps S601-S603.

[0107] S601. Determine the operating conditions corresponding to multiple time points within a historical time period.

[0108] The operating conditions include real-time power and / or real-time current.

[0109] As one possible implementation, the control device can obtain the power curve or current curve of the combined electrical appliances within a historical time period. Based on the power curve or current curve, the operating conditions corresponding to multiple time points can be obtained in chronological order.

[0110] S602. Based on operating conditions, divide the temperature data to obtain multiple samples.

[0111] Each sample includes the temperature at multiple installation locations under specified operating conditions.

[0112] S603. Based on multiple samples, perform cluster analysis to obtain a temperature model.

[0113] It should be noted that the multiple samples include temperature data under various operating conditions. The control device can perform cluster analysis on the samples based on the operating conditions, grouping samples under the same operating conditions into one class, and then analyze and calculate the samples of that class to obtain the temperature sub-model corresponding to the operating conditions in the temperature model.

[0114] For example, the control device performs analysis and calculations on the same type of samples, including the control device can calculate the maximum, minimum and average values ​​of temperature under the corresponding operating conditions of the sample type, so as to determine the reasonable range of temperature under the corresponding operating conditions of the sample type.

[0115] In another example, the control device performs analysis and calculation on the same type of sample, and also includes the ability of the control device to calculate the temperature difference at different installation locations under the corresponding working conditions of the sample, and to calculate the maximum, minimum and average values ​​of the temperature difference, so as to determine the reasonable range of the temperature difference at different installation locations under the corresponding working conditions of the sample.

[0116] As one possible implementation, the control device can determine the temperature sub-model of the corresponding operating conditions of the same type of sample in the temperature model based on a reasonable range of temperature for similar samples and / or a reasonable range of temperature differences between different installation locations.

[0117] As one possible implementation, the control device can determine the temperature model of the combined electrical appliances based on temperature sub-models under different operating conditions.

[0118] In this way, embodiments of the present invention can determine a temperature model based on temperature data within a historical time period, realize temperature detection under different operating conditions of the combined electrical appliances, and improve the accuracy of internal temperature detection of the combined electrical appliances.

[0119] Optional, such as Figure 7 As shown, the fiber optic direct temperature measurement method for combined electrical appliances provided in this embodiment of the invention further includes steps S701-S702 after step S503.

[0120] S701. Obtain the temperature of the inner surface of the casing of other combined electrical appliances.

[0121] The equipment parameters of other combined electrical appliances are the same as those of the combined electrical appliances.

[0122] In some embodiments, device parameters may include voltage level, power level, and current level.

[0123] In other embodiments, the device parameters may also include housing dimensions and conductive rod dimensions, etc.

[0124] S702. Based on the temperature of the inner surface of the casing of other combined electrical appliances and the temperature model, determine the temperature of the internal conductors in other combined electrical appliances.

[0125] As one possible implementation, the control device can first determine the operating conditions of other combined electrical appliances, then determine the temperature difference between the temperature of the inner surface of the casing and the conductor temperature in the temperature model under those operating conditions, and based on that temperature difference and the temperature of the inner surface of the casing of other combined electrical appliances, determine the temperature of the internal conductor in the other combined electrical appliances.

[0126] It should be noted that for already installed combined electrical appliances, the conditions for installing the fiber optic direct temperature measurement detection structure provided by this invention are not met. The fiber optic direct temperature measurement method for combined electrical appliances provided in this embodiment of the invention can perform temperature detection on such combined electrical appliances that do not meet the installation conditions, based on an existing temperature model. Since this temperature model is based on direct measurement of the internal temperature of the combined electrical appliance, it can more accurately represent the temperature of the combined electrical appliance under various operating conditions. Therefore, using this model to perform temperature detection on other combined electrical appliances can improve the accuracy of temperature detection for those appliances.

[0127] Optionally, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for direct temperature measurement of combined electrical appliances using optical fibers, which further includes the following steps.

[0128] B1. Obtain the real-time temperature of the moving and stationary contacts;

[0129] B2. If the difference between the real-time temperature of the moving contact and the real-time temperature of the stationary contact is greater than the set temperature, then it is determined that there is an abnormality in the connection between the moving contact and the stationary contact.

[0130] Abnormal insertion indicates that the moving and stationary contacts are not properly inserted or are not securely connected.

[0131] In this way, embodiments of the present invention can determine whether there is an abnormality in the connection between the moving contact and the stationary contact based on the temperature difference between the moving contact and the stationary contact.

[0132] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0133] The following are device embodiments of the present invention. For details not described in detail, please refer to the corresponding method embodiments described above.

[0134] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a control device provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The control device 800 includes a communication module 801 and a processing module 802.

[0135] The communication module 801 is used to acquire temperature data from the fiber optic temperature sensor in the combined appliance; the installation location of the fiber optic temperature sensor includes at least one of the following: inside the hollow structure of the conductive rod inside the combined appliance, at the two end contacts of the conductive rod, and on the inner side of the outer shell of the combined appliance.

[0136] The processing module 802 is used to determine the temperature model of the combined electrical appliance based on temperature data; the temperature model is used to indicate the internal temperature of the combined electrical appliance under various operating conditions; and the internal temperature of the combined electrical appliance is monitored in real time based on the temperature model.

[0137] In one possible implementation, the fiber optic temperature sensor includes a first fiber optic temperature sensor mounted on the inner side of the housing of the combined appliance and at both ends of the conductive rod; the first fiber optic temperature sensor is a reflective fiber optic temperature sensor; a communication module 801 is specifically used to send a first optical signal to the first fiber optic temperature sensor through a first conductive fiber; and to receive a second optical signal transmitted back from the first fiber optic temperature sensor through the first conductive fiber. A processing module 802 is specifically used to determine the resonant wavelength and resonant peak intensity when the first optical signal and the second optical signal resonate; and to determine the temperature at the first fiber optic temperature sensor based on the resonant wavelength and resonant peak intensity.

[0138] In one possible implementation, the fiber optic temperature sensor further includes a second fiber optic temperature sensor installed within the hollow structure of the conductive rod inside the combined appliance; the second fiber optic temperature sensor is a transmission-type fiber optic temperature sensor; the communication module 801 is specifically used to send a third optical signal to the second fiber optic temperature sensor and a reference fiber optic temperature sensor respectively through a second conductive fiber; to receive a fourth optical signal passing through the second fiber optic temperature sensor through a third conductive fiber; and to receive a fifth optical signal passing through the reference fiber optic temperature sensor through a fourth conductive fiber; the processing module 802 is specifically used to determine the difference between the fourth and fifth optical signals, the difference including at least one of the following: amplitude deviation, phase deviation, and frequency deviation; and to determine the temperature at the fiber optic temperature sensor based on the difference and the temperature at the reference fiber optic temperature sensor.

[0139] In one possible implementation, the temperature data includes the temperature at multiple installation locations within a historical time period; the processing module 802 is specifically used to determine the operating conditions corresponding to multiple time points within the historical time period; the operating conditions include real-time power and / or real-time current; based on the operating conditions, the temperature data is divided to obtain multiple samples; each sample includes the temperature at multiple installation locations under the set operating conditions; based on the multiple samples, cluster analysis is performed to obtain a temperature model.

[0140] In one possible implementation, the communication module 801 is further configured to acquire the temperature of the inner surface of the casing of another combined appliance; the device parameters of the other combined appliance are the same as those of the combined appliance; the processing module 802 is further configured to determine the temperature of the internal conductor in the other combined appliance based on the temperature of the inner surface of the casing of the other combined appliance and a temperature model.

[0141] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. For example... Figure 9 As shown, the electronic device 900 of this embodiment includes: a processor 901, a memory 902, and a computer program 903 stored in the memory 902 and executable on the processor 901. When the processor 901 executes the computer program 903, it implements the steps in the above-described method embodiments, for example... Figure 5 Steps 501 to 503 are shown. Alternatively, when the processor 901 executes the computer program 903, it implements the functions of each module / unit in the above-described device embodiments, for example... Figure 8 The communication module 801 and the processing module 802 are shown.

[0142] For example, the computer program 903 can be divided into one or more modules / units, which are stored in the memory 902 and executed by the processor 901 to complete the present invention. The one or more modules / units can be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing a specific function, which describe the execution process of the computer program 903 in the electronic device 900. For example, the computer program 903 can be divided into... Figure 8 The communication module 801 and the processing module 802 are shown.

[0143] The processor 901 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0144] The memory 902 can be an internal storage unit of the electronic device 900, such as a hard disk or memory of the electronic device 900. The memory 902 can also be an external storage device of the electronic device 900, such as a plug-in hard disk, Smart Media Card (SMC), Secure Digital (SD) card, or Flash Card equipped on the electronic device 900. Furthermore, the memory 902 can include both internal and external storage units of the electronic device 900. The memory 902 is used to store the computer program and other programs and data required by the terminal. The memory 902 can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0145] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0146] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0147] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0148] In the embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices / terminals and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device / terminal embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0149] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0150] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0151] If the integrated module / unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can also be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunication signal, and a software distribution medium, etc.

[0152] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for direct fiber optic temperature measurement using a combined electrical appliance, characterized in that, The combined electrical appliance includes an internal conductive rod and a basin-type insulator. The fiber optic temperature sensor includes a first fiber optic temperature sensor and a second fiber optic temperature sensor. The first fiber optic temperature sensor is installed on the inner side of the outer shell of the combined electrical appliance and at the two end contacts of the conductive rod. The second fiber optic temperature sensor is installed inside the hollow structure of the internal conductive rod of the combined electrical appliance. The basin-type insulator is provided with a hollow channel from the hollow structure of the conductive rod to the hollow shell of the combined electrical appliance. The optical fiber is laid in the hollow structure and the hollow channel, and is connected to the control device located outside the combined electrical appliance through the outer shell of the combined electrical appliance; The fiber optic temperature sensor is connected to the control device via the conductive fiber; the method includes: Acquire temperature data from the fiber optic temperature sensor in the combined electrical appliance; Based on the temperature data, a temperature model for the combined electrical appliance is determined; the temperature model is used to indicate the internal temperature of the combined electrical appliance under various operating conditions. Based on the temperature model, the internal temperature of the combined electrical appliance is monitored and diagnosed in real time.

2. The fiber optic direct temperature measurement method for combined electrical appliances according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber optic temperature sensor includes a distributed fiber optic temperature sensor and / or a single-point fiber optic temperature sensor.

3. The fiber optic direct temperature measurement method for combined electrical appliances according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first fiber optic temperature sensor is a reflective fiber optic temperature sensor; The acquisition of temperature data at the installation location of the fiber optic temperature sensor includes: A first optical signal is sent to the first optical fiber temperature sensor through the first optical fiber. The second optical signal transmitted back by the first optical fiber temperature sensor is received through the first optical fiber. Determine the resonant wavelength and resonant peak intensity when the first optical signal and the second optical signal resonate; The temperature at the first fiber optic temperature sensor is determined based on the resonant wavelength and resonant peak intensity.

4. The fiber optic direct temperature measurement method for combined electrical appliances according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The second fiber optic temperature sensor is a transmission-type fiber optic temperature sensor; The acquisition of temperature data at the installation location of the fiber optic temperature sensor also includes: A third optical signal is sent to the second optical fiber temperature sensor and the reference optical fiber temperature sensor respectively through the second optical fiber. The fourth optical signal, transmitted through the second optical fiber temperature sensor, is received via the third optical fiber. The fifth optical signal, transmitted through the reference optical fiber temperature sensor, is received via the fourth optical fiber. The difference between the fourth optical signal and the fifth optical signal is determined, and the difference includes at least one of the following: amplitude deviation, phase deviation, and frequency deviation; Based on the difference and the temperature at the reference fiber optic temperature sensor, the temperature at the fiber optic temperature sensor is determined.

5. The fiber optic direct temperature measurement method for combined electrical appliances according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The temperature data includes temperatures at multiple installation locations over a historical period. The step of determining the temperature model of the combined electrical appliance based on the temperature data includes: Determine the operating conditions corresponding to multiple time points within the historical time period; the operating conditions include real-time power and / or real-time current. Based on the operating conditions, the temperature data is divided to obtain multiple samples; each sample includes the temperature at multiple installation locations under the set operating conditions. Based on the multiple samples, cluster analysis is performed according to the operating conditions and the installation location to obtain the temperature model.

6. The fiber optic direct temperature measurement method for combined electrical appliances according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Based on the temperature model, the real-time monitoring of the internal temperature of the combined electrical appliance further includes: The temperature of the inner surface of the casing of other combined electrical appliances is obtained; the equipment parameters of the other combined electrical appliances are the same as those of the combined electrical appliances. The temperature of the internal conductors in the other combined electrical appliances is determined based on the temperature of the inner surface of the outer casing and the temperature model.

7. The fiber optic direct temperature measurement method for combined electrical appliances according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: The real-time temperatures of the moving and stationary contacts are obtained by using fiber optic temperature sensors at both ends of the conductive rod. If the difference between the real-time temperature of the moving contact and the real-time temperature of the stationary contact is greater than the set temperature, it is determined that there is an abnormal connection between the moving contact and the stationary contact. The abnormal connection indicates that the moving contact and the stationary contact are not properly connected or are not securely connected.

8. A detection structure for direct temperature measurement using optical fiber in a combined electrical appliance, characterized in that, The detection structure includes: a control device, a conductive optical fiber, and an optical fiber temperature sensor; The fiber optic temperature sensor is connected to the control device via the conductive fiber. When the detection structure is working, it determines the temperature model of the combined electrical appliance based on the temperature data of the fiber optic temperature sensor, and monitors the internal temperature of the combined electrical appliance in real time based on the temperature model. The fiber optic temperature sensor includes a first fiber optic temperature sensor installed on the inner side of the housing of the combined electrical appliance and at both ends of the conductive rod; the first fiber optic temperature sensor is a reflective fiber optic temperature sensor. The fiber optic temperature sensor also includes a second fiber optic temperature sensor installed in the hollow structure of the conductive rod inside the combined electrical appliance; the second fiber optic temperature sensor is a transmission type fiber optic temperature sensor. The combined electrical appliance includes a basin-type insulator, which is provided with a hollow channel from the hollow structure of the conductive rod to the outer shell of the combined electrical appliance. The conductive optical fiber is laid in the hollow structure and the hollow channel, and is connected to the control device located outside the combined electrical appliance through the outer shell of the combined electrical appliance.

9. A complete set of equipment, characterized in that, The complete set of equipment includes a combined electrical appliance body and a detection structure for direct fiber optic temperature measurement as described in claim 8.

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