A sound source positioning system

Abstract

The technical scheme of the present application provides a sound source positioning system, characterized in that the system comprises a sound source generating device, a sound barrier, an angle measuring device, a sound source receiving device, a signal noise reduction device and a calculation unit. The sound source generating device with fixed sound frequency and size is used to collect the interference and diffraction patterns after the sound passes through the sound barrier. By moving the position of the sound barrier, different diffraction and interference images of sound waves are collected, and the position information of the sound barrier is combined to realize the positioning of the sound source. The present application can be used in the experiment of the sound characteristics part in the university physics experiment course.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an instrument that uses an adjustable-spacing acoustic grating to acquire sound diffraction and interferometric patterns and to use it to locate sound sources, belonging to the field of sound source localization systems. Background Technology

[0002] There are numerous methods for sound source localization, commonly including microphone array methods, binaural hearing mechanisms, and optical sensor methods. With the development of artificial intelligence and neural networks, sound source localization methods based on machine learning and single microphones have also emerged. For microphone array methods, a microphone array is composed of several microphones arranged in a specific topological structure in space. These arrays are generally classified as one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional, with two-dimensional planar microphone arrays being one of the most widely used configurations. Binaural model methods mainly consist of two types: interaural intensity difference and interaural time difference. The interaural time difference can be further extended to the interaural phase difference based on the sound source frequency.

[0003] Commonly used positioning methods have a high degree of integration, but they cannot well demonstrate the interference and diffraction characteristics of sound waves, and therefore cannot be well applied in the process of teaching physics experiments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem that this invention aims to solve is that while commonly used positioning methods have a high degree of integration, they cannot effectively demonstrate the interference and diffraction characteristics of sound waves, and therefore cannot be well applied in the process of teaching physics experiments.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is to provide a sound source localization system, characterized in that it includes:

[0006] A sound source generating device, used to generate a sound source;

[0007] A acoustic grating comprises multiple fixed-width baffles, the spacing between adjacent baffles being adjustable. By adjusting the spacing, multiple baffles can be spliced ​​together to form a wider baffle, thereby controlling the final required width of the baffle and forming the required number of slits. Simultaneously, the width of the slits can be adjusted to the required width. Based on the different widths and numbers of slits, diffraction images under different acoustic grating constants can be obtained.

[0008] An angle measuring device is used to change and measure the position of the acoustic grating. This angle measuring device can be used to collect the sound diffraction intensity at different positions and draw its diffraction image.

[0009] A sound source receiving device is used to receive sound sources after they have passed through a chord, and is corresponding to a sound source generating device.

[0010] A signal noise reduction device is used to reduce the noise in the sound source received by the sound source receiving device;

[0011] The computing unit is used to obtain the corresponding diffraction image based on the sound source signal output by the signal noise reduction device;

[0012] By collecting the diffraction maxima in the diffraction image and combining them with the center point of the acoustic grating, the first straight line can be determined. The acoustic grating, angle measuring device, and sound source receiving device are moved to another position, and the diffraction maxima in the diffraction image are collected again. This is then combined with the center position of the acoustic grating to determine the second straight line. Based on the principle that the diffraction maxima, the center point of the acoustic grating, and the sound source are collinear, the intersection of the first and second straight lines is the location of the sound source.

[0013] Preferably, the sound source generating device is a loudspeaker or an ultrasonic generator.

[0014] Preferably, the angle measuring device is a manually adjustable angle device or an electric turntable controlled by a motor.

[0015] Preferably, the frequency band of the sound source is 20Hz to 500MHz.

[0016] Preferably, the number of slits is 1 to 100, and their width is 0 to 50 cm.

[0017] Preferably, the width of the baffle is 0 to 20 cm.

[0018] Preferably, it is capable of acquiring sound diffraction patterns from single slits and multiple slits.

[0019] Preferably, by utilizing the collinear relationship between the slit center point, the location of the sound diffraction maximum, and the sound source location, and based on the measurement results from multiple different locations, the sound source location is located using multiple obtained straight lines.

[0020] This invention utilizes a sound source device with a fixed sound frequency and volume. After the sound passes through a acoustic grating, its interference and diffraction patterns are captured. By moving the position of the acoustic grating, diffraction and interference images of different sound waves are acquired. Combined with the position information of the acoustic grating, the sound source can be located. This invention can be used in experiments on the characteristics of sound in university physics courses. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the acoustic grating used in this invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a single-slit diffraction distribution diagram collected in this invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a superimposed distribution diagram of the three-slit sound interference and diffraction collected in this invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a sound source localization map for the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] A schematic diagram of the device of the present invention is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, a 40kHz ultrasonic sound source A is used, positioned in the middle of the acoustic grating C and perpendicular to it. A signal generator E is used as the power output, and an ultrasonic detector B is used to detect the sound intensity. By adjusting the slits of the acoustic grating C to a single slit with a spacing of 1.5cm, the sound intensity at different angles is measured by rotating the support rod G. Figure 1 In this diagram, D represents the angle measuring device, which can be a spectrometer, an angle R-type turntable, or a manually adjustable angle device, or an electric turntable controlled by a motor. F represents the signal noise reduction device, which uses a lock-in amplifier.

[0029] Figure 2 The structural diagram of the self-made acoustic grating C includes an upper fixing plate 101 and a lower fixing plate. A front upper fixing plate 102 and a rear upper fixing plate 103 are fixed to the front and rear sides of the upper fixing plate 101, respectively. A front lower fixing plate and a rear lower fixing plate are fixed to the front and rear sides of the lower fixing plate, respectively. The upper and lower ends of two anti-diffraction baffles 2 and multiple adjustable spacing baffles 4 located between the two anti-diffraction baffles 2 are fixed by the front upper fixing plate 102, the rear upper fixing plate 103, the front lower fixing plate, and the rear lower fixing plate, respectively. The upper ends of the anti-diffraction baffles 2 and the adjustable spacing baffles 4 are fixed between the front upper fixing plate 102 and the rear upper fixing plate 103 by fixing screws 3, and the lower ends of the anti-diffraction baffles 2 and the adjustable spacing baffles 4 are fixed between the front lower fixing plate and the rear lower fixing plate by fixing screws 3, allowing the spacing between the adjustable spacing baffles 4 and the anti-diffraction baffles 2, as well as the spacing between adjacent anti-diffraction baffles 2, to be adjustable. The image showing the distribution of sound intensity as a function of angle, obtained through acquisition, can be found here. Figure 3 .

[0030] This invention utilizes a sound generator, a sound detection device, and an adjustable acoustic grating to collect the intensity distribution of sound in diffraction and interference. By taking advantage of the principle that the sound source, the center point of the acoustic grating, and the diffraction maxima are collinear, the sound source is located using a method of multiple position measurements.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] A 100cm*120cm experimental platform was used as the operating platform. A 40kHz ultrasonic generator was used, with three slits spaced 0.5cm apart and baffles of 0.5cm. An ultrasonic detector was used to collect the angular distribution of the ultrasonic waves (the operating steps are shown in Example 1). The distribution is as follows: Figure 4 As shown. Based on the principle that the center of the acoustic grating, the location of strongest diffraction, and the location of the sound source are collinear, a straight line can be determined. The position of the motion detection system ( Figure 1 By determining the positions of devices B, C, D, and G, another definite straight line can be obtained. The intersection of the two straight lines is the location of the sound source. To calculate the measurement error, the position of the detection system can be moved multiple times to obtain multiple sets of intersection points of the straight lines, further improving the reliability of the sound source location. The sound source location measured and calculated through five shifts is as follows: Figure 5 As shown in the figure. Point H is the actual location of the sound source, and point I is the intersection of the five straight lines and the location of the measurement system.

[0033] Example 3

[0034] In a 5m*12m room, a 10kHz sound generator was used. A 20-slit system with 2mm baffles and 2mm intervals was employed. A microphone was used to collect the angular distribution of the sound (operation steps are shown in Example 1). Based on the principle that the center position of the acoustic grating, the position of strongest diffraction, and the sound source position are collinear, a straight line can be determined. The position of the motion detection system (…) Figure 1 By determining the positions of devices B, C, D, and G, another definite straight line can be obtained. The intersection of the two straight lines is the location of the sound source. To calculate the measurement error, the position of the detection system can be moved multiple times to obtain multiple sets of intersection points of the straight lines, further improving the reliability of the sound source location. The sound source location is measured and calculated through five shifts.

Claims

1. A sound source localization system, characterized in that, include: A sound source generating device used to generate a sound source; A acoustic grating comprises multiple fixed-width baffles, the spacing between adjacent baffles being adjustable. By adjusting the spacing, multiple baffles can be spliced ​​together to form a wider baffle, thereby controlling the final required width of the baffle and forming the required number of slits. Simultaneously, the width of the slits can be adjusted to the required width. Based on the different widths and numbers of slits, diffraction images under different acoustic grating constants can be obtained. An angle measuring device is used to change and measure the position of the acoustic grating. This angle measuring device can be used to collect the sound diffraction intensity at different positions and draw its diffraction image. A sound source receiving device is used to receive sound sources after they have passed through a chord, and is corresponding to a sound source generating device. A signal noise reduction device is used to reduce the noise in the sound source received by the sound source receiving device; The computing unit is used to obtain the corresponding diffraction image based on the sound source signal output by the signal noise reduction device; By collecting the diffraction maxima in the diffraction image and combining them with the center point of the acoustic grating, the first straight line can be determined. The acoustic grating, angle measuring device, and sound source receiving device are moved to another position, and the diffraction maxima in the diffraction image are collected again. This is then combined with the center position of the acoustic grating to determine the second straight line. Based on the principle that the diffraction maxima, the center point of the acoustic grating, and the sound source are collinear, the intersection of the first and second straight lines is the location of the sound source.

2. The sound source localization system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sound source generating device is a loudspeaker or an ultrasonic generator.

3. The sound source localization system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The angle measuring device is either a manually adjustable angle device or an electric turntable controlled by a motor.

4. A sound source localization system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The frequency band of the sound source is 20Hz to 500MHz.

5. A sound source localization system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The number of slits is 1 to 100, and their width is 0 to 50 cm.

6. A sound source localization system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the baffle is 0-20cm.

7. A sound source localization system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It can collect sound diffraction patterns from single slits and multiple slits.

8. A sound source localization system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, By utilizing the collinear relationship between the slit center point, the location of the sound diffraction maximum, and the sound source location, and based on measurement results from multiple different locations, the sound source location is determined using multiple obtained straight lines.

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