Dual-polarized one-dimensional linear array wide-angle scanning array antenna and electronic device

Abstract

This application relates to a dual-polarized one-dimensional linear wide-angle scanning array antenna and an electronic device. The array antenna includes a ground plane, an electromagnetic bandgap structure, and a first radiating sheet layer, which are stacked sequentially and spaced apart along a first direction. The electromagnetic bandgap structure includes a plurality of electromagnetic bandgap elements arranged periodically in a two-dimensional matrix. The first radiating sheet layer includes a plurality of first radiating sheets arranged sequentially and spaced apart along a second direction. Each first radiating sheet has a first feed point and a second feed point. The angle between the first line connecting the geometric center of the first radiating sheet and the first feed point and the third direction is +45°, and the angle between the second line connecting the geometric center of the first radiating sheet and the second feed point and the third direction is -45°. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other. The first line is parallel to the row direction of the two-dimensional matrix, and the second line is parallel to the column direction of the two-dimensional matrix.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and more particularly to a dual-polarized one-dimensional linear wide-angle scanning array antenna and an electronic device having such an array antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of electronic technology, phased array antennas, with their significant advantages such as flexible beam scanning capability, high tracking accuracy, and adaptability to high-speed mobility, have been widely used in recent years in fields such as satellite communication, radar, astronomy and meteorology, air traffic, earth exploration, space exploration, remote sensing and mapping, and 5G communication systems. However, phased array antennas have a serious drawback: limited beam scanning range and high gain.

[0003] To further expand the coverage of beam scanning, researchers have conducted much related work to break through the bottleneck of limited scanning angles.

[0004] First, we know that for an array antenna to have a wide scanning angle, it needs two things: firstly, the element spacing should be as close as possible; and secondly, the elements should have a wide beam. Based on this, researchers have done a lot of work to enable phased array antennas to achieve large scanning ranges in both the E-plane and H-plane. Currently, most known techniques for achieving a wide scanning angle use metamaterials to assist in widening, with a maximum scanning angle of ±80°. However, this still only achieves a wide scanning angle at the single-polarization level. Due to the antenna spacing limitations in the feeding method, dual-polarized wide-angle scanning can currently only achieve a maximum scanning performance of 65°. Since dual-polarized radiating antenna designs can reduce polarization mismatch between transmitted and received waves, better ensuring the user's wireless experience, and also facilitating MIMO data transmission, single-polarized antenna designs can no longer meet the needs of technological development. Therefore, the main technical challenges of phased array antennas currently lie in dual-polarized wide-angle scanning and dual-frequency dual-polarized wide-angle scanning, which remain the direction of academic research. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, this application proposes a dual-polarized one-dimensional linear wide-angle scanning array antenna and electronic device.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application proposes a dual-polarized one-dimensional linear wide-angle scanning array antenna, comprising antennas that are sequentially stacked and spaced apart from each other along a first direction:

[0007] floor;

[0008] An electromagnetic bandgap structure comprising multiple electromagnetic bandgap units arranged periodically in a two-dimensional matrix.

[0009] A first radiating sheet layer, comprising a plurality of first radiating sheets arranged at intervals along a second direction, each first radiating sheet having a first feed point and a second feed point, wherein the angle between the first line connecting the geometric center of the first radiating sheet and the first feed point and the third direction is +45°, and the angle between the second line connecting the geometric center of the first radiating sheet and the second feed point and the third direction is -45°, wherein the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other, the first line is parallel to the row direction of the two-dimensional matrix, and the second line is parallel to the column direction of the two-dimensional matrix.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the electromagnetic bandgap structure is a UC-EBG structure.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the array antenna further includes a second radiating sheet layer, which is stacked and spaced apart from the first radiating sheet layer in the first direction. The second radiating sheet layer is disposed on the side of the first radiating sheet that is away from the electromagnetic bandgap structure in the first direction. The second radiating sheet includes a plurality of second radiating sheets that are spaced apart along the second direction and correspond one-to-one with the plurality of first radiating sheets.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the array antenna further includes a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer, and a third dielectric layer stacked sequentially along the first direction;

[0013] The floor is disposed on the surface of the first dielectric layer facing away from the second dielectric layer in the first direction, the electromagnetic bandgap structure is disposed between the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer, the first radiating sheet layer is disposed between the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer, and the second radiating sheet layer is disposed on the surface of the third dielectric layer facing away from the second dielectric layer in the first direction.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the first radiating sheet is an octagon, which is formed by four first sides of equal length and four second sides of equal length, and the first sides and second sides are alternately arranged along the circumference of the octagon, wherein two of the first sides extend along the second direction and the other two of the first sides extend along the third direction.

[0015] The second radiating sheet includes four mutually spaced and square radiating sheet units, which are arranged in two rows along the second direction and in two columns along the third direction;

[0016] The geometric center of the first radiating sheet coincides with the geometric center of the second radiating sheet in the first direction, and the four radiating sheet units completely cover the four second sides and partially cover the four first sides in the first direction, respectively.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the length of the first side is less than the length of the second side.

[0018] In one possible implementation, each of the electromagnetic bandgap units comprises:

[0019] A first metal pattern, wherein the first metal pattern is square, and the two sides of the first metal pattern extend along the column direction;

[0020] Four second metal patterns, each of which is a square of the same size but smaller than the first metal pattern, are integrally disposed at the four corners of the first metal pattern. Two sides of each second metal pattern extend along the column direction, and one corner of each second metal pattern coincides with one corner of the first metal pattern.

[0021] Four third metal patterns, each of which is a straight line, and the four third metal patterns extend vertically from the middle of the four sides of the first metal pattern.

[0022] Specifically, for any two adjacent electromagnetic bandgap units, the third metal pattern of one electromagnetic bandgap unit is connected to the third metal pattern of the other electromagnetic bandgap unit.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the distance between the geometric centers of any two adjacent first radiating plates among the plurality of first radiating plates is 0.4λ, where λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in a vacuum when the array antenna is operating at its center frequency.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the zero-phase point of the electromagnetic bandgap structure is located within the center frequency band of the array antenna.

[0025] Secondly, this application proposes an electronic device including an antenna as described in the first aspect.

[0026] The array antenna provided in this application has its antenna elements (corresponding to the first radiating plate) arranged in a one-dimensional linear array along a straight line. Each antenna element has two feed points at ±45°, which can be approximated as electric dipoles with a polarization direction of ±45°. Correspondingly, the arrangement direction of each electromagnetic bandgap element in the electromagnetic bandgap structure has a 45° angle with the arrangement direction of each antenna element, so as to adapt to the structure of each antenna element. Thus, the in-phase reflection characteristics of the electromagnetic bandgap structure can be used to enable the antenna array to achieve dual-polarization wide-angle scanning in the linear array arrangement direction. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit this application.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-polarized one-dimensional linear wide-angle scanning array antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial exploded view of the medium array antenna.

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A perspective view of the medium array antenna from above.

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A perspective view of a portion of the structure of the medium array antenna from a top-down perspective.

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the electromagnetic bandgap element of a medium array antenna in a top-view orientation.

[0033] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the first radiating element of the medium array antenna in a top-down view.

[0034] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the second radiating element of the medium array antenna in a top-down view.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a reflection phase diagram of the electromagnetic bandgap unit in the embodiments of this application.

[0036] Figure 9 This is a mirror diagram of the array antenna in the embodiments of this application.

[0037] Figure 10 This illustrates the relationship between the scanning angle and the array factor directional coefficient in the embodiments of this application.

[0038] Figure 11 This is a band-resistance characteristic curve of the electromagnetic bandgap structure in the embodiments of this application.

[0039] Figure 12 for Figure 1 Performance diagram of the medium array antenna at -45° scanning.

[0040] Figure 13 This is a performance diagram of the array antenna scanning at +45° in an embodiment of this application.

[0041] Figure 14 To be Figure 1 Performance diagram of the mid-array antenna after the electromagnetic bandgap structure is removed at -45°.

[0042] Figure 15 To be Figure 1 Performance graph of the medium array antenna after removing the electromagnetic bandgap structure at +45°.

[0043] Figure 16 This is a vector current distribution diagram when the first feed point of the first radiating plate is fed in an embodiment of this application.

[0044] Figure 17 This is a vector current distribution diagram when the second feed point of the first radiating sheet is fed in an embodiment of this application.

[0045] Figure 18 This is a comparison chart of the scanning performance of the array antenna and the conventional antenna in the embodiments of this application.

[0046] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0047] F1 - First direction, F2 - Second direction, F3 - Third direction, F4 - Row direction, F5 - Column direction;

[0048] 1-Floor, 2-First dielectric layer, 3-Electromagnetic bandgap structure, 4-Second dielectric layer, 5-First radiating sheet, 6-Third dielectric layer, 7-Second radiating sheet;

[0049] 3a - Electromagnetic bandgap element;

[0050] 301 - First metal pattern, 302 - Second metal pattern, 303 - Third metal pattern;

[0051] 501 - First feed point, 502 - Second feed point, 503 - First side, 504 - Second side;

[0052] 7a - Radiation sheet unit. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. Based on the described embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. It is understood that, without conflict, some technical means of the various embodiments described herein can be substituted for or combined with each other.

[0054] In the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish the described objects and have no sequential or technical meaning. Therefore, objects specified with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of those objects. Furthermore, the words "one" or "a" do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one, while "multiple" indicates at least two.

[0055] In the description of this application, if terms such as "upper," "lower," or "horizontal" indicate orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, they are only for the purpose of clearly and simply describing this application, and do not indicate or imply that the elements referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. These directional terms are relative concepts used for relative description and clarification, and may change accordingly depending on the orientation of the components in the accompanying drawings. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, an element described as "below" other elements will be positioned "above" other elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the aforementioned terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0056] In the description of this application, the terms "stacked" or "laminated" include not only cases where the layers are in contact with each other (or laminated), but also cases where another layer is sandwiched between them (or laminated).

[0057] Figure 1 This illustration shows a specific embodiment of the dual-polarized one-dimensional linear wide-angle scanning array antenna of this application. The array antenna includes a ground plane 1, an electromagnetic bandgap structure 3 (EBG), and a first radiating sheet, sequentially stacked and spaced apart along a first direction F1. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the middle, the first direction F1 is the up-down direction from bottom to top.

[0058] Floor 1 can be a metal sheet, and its shape can be rectangular, circular, polygonal, etc. Figure 1 In the example shown, floor 1 is a rectangular metal sheet.

[0059] The electromagnetic bandgap structure 3 is specifically a UC-EBG (Uniplanar Compact Electromagnetic Band-Gap) structure, which includes multiple electromagnetic bandgap units 3a arranged periodically in a two-dimensional matrix. Clearly, the two-dimensional matrix has mutually perpendicular row directions F4 and column directions F5.

[0060] The first radiating layer includes a plurality of first radiating sheets 5 arranged at intervals along a second direction F2 to form a one-dimensional linear array. Each first radiating sheet 5 has a first feed point 501 and a second feed point 502. The angle between the first line connecting the geometric center of the first radiating sheet 5 and the first feed point 501 and the third direction F3 is +45° (that is, the line connecting the geometric center of the first radiating sheet 5 and the first feed point 501 is the first connection, and the angle between this first line and the third direction F3 is +45°). The angle between the geometric center of the first radiating sheet 5 and the second feed point 502 is... The angle between the second line of 2 and the third direction F3 is -45° (that is, the line connecting the geometric center of the first radiating plate 5 and the second feed point 502 is the second connection, and the angle between the second line and the third direction F3 is +45°). The first direction F1, the second direction F2 and the third direction F3 are perpendicular to each other. The first line is parallel to the row direction F4 of the aforementioned two-dimensional matrix (in other words, the first line extends along the row direction F4), and the second line is parallel to the column direction F5 of the aforementioned two-dimensional matrix (in other words, the second line extends along the column direction F5).

[0061] As mentioned above, the floor 1, the electromagnetic bandgap structure 3, and the first radiating sheet are stacked sequentially along the first direction F1. Therefore, the first direction F1 is also the stacking direction of the first radiating sheet 5, the electromagnetic bandgap structure 3, and the floor 1. The first direction F1, the second direction F2, and the third direction F3 are perpendicular to each other, meaning that the first direction F1 is perpendicular to the second direction F2, the first direction F1 is perpendicular to the third direction, and the second direction F2 is perpendicular to the third direction F3, and the three are orthogonal to each other.

[0062] In this embodiment, each first radiating plate 5 has a first feed point 501 and a second feed point 502 (corresponding to two feed ports). The angle between the geometric center of the first radiating plate 5 and the first line connecting the first feed point 501 (a virtual line) and the third direction F3 is +45°, and the angle between the geometric center of the first radiating plate 5 and the second line connecting the second feed point 502 (a virtual line) and the third direction F3 is -45°. Therefore, each first radiating plate 5 can be approximately regarded as an electric dipole with a polarization direction of ±45°. In addition, based on the above introduction, it can be known that the electromagnetic bandgap structure 3 is equivalent to being rotated by 45° relative to the one-dimensional linear array formed by multiple first radiating plates 5.

[0063] Since the first radiating plate 5 can be approximated as an electric dipole, according to the principle of mirror images, placing the electric dipole parallel to the magnetic wall will produce a wide-beam radiation pattern. Please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 9 If the zero reflection phase (zero value of the reflection phase) of the electromagnetic bandgap structure 3 is adjusted to be within the center frequency band of each of the first radiating patches 5 (each first radiating patch 5 corresponds to an antenna element) in the designed array antenna, according to the in-phase reflection characteristics, the electromagnetic bandgap structure 3 and the ground plane 1 can be equivalent to a magnetic wall, and the current mode of the first radiating patch 5 is approximately an electric dipole. In this way, combined with the mirror principle, a wider radiation pattern in the array can be obtained, thereby realizing the dual-polarized wide-angle scanning of the array antenna.

[0064] According to the characteristics of the electromagnetic bandgap structure 3, the current on the antenna surface and the electromagnetic bandgap structure 3 work together. By adjusting the zero point value of the reflection phase of the electromagnetic bandgap structure 3 to the required frequency point—for example, the center frequency point of the first radiating plate 5—the radiation pattern of the first radiating plate 5 will be broadened, thereby enabling the array antenna to have a wider scanning performance.

[0065] Please see again. Figure 1 and combined Figure 2 In this embodiment, the antenna further includes a second radiating sheet layer. Figure 1 In this embodiment, the second radiating sheet layer is stacked on top of the first radiating sheet layer at intervals. The second radiating sheet 7 includes multiple second radiating sheets 7 arranged at intervals along the aforementioned second direction F2 and corresponding one-to-one with the aforementioned multiple first radiating sheets 5. No feed point is provided on the second radiating sheet 7; it generates the required coupling current through the radiation from the first radiating sheets 5. In this embodiment, the second radiating sheet 7 includes four radiating sheet units 7a (described in detail below) arranged in a 2×2 matrix. Their purpose is to reduce coupling between ports, cancel the current in the first radiating sheets 5, and match them to the required resonant point.

[0066] In this embodiment, the array antenna is further configured with a first dielectric layer 2, a second dielectric layer 4 and a third dielectric layer 6 stacked sequentially from bottom to top. The first dielectric layer 2, the second dielectric layer 4 and the third dielectric layer 6 can be made of plastic or rubber.

[0067] Floor 1 is fixed to the surface of the first dielectric layer 2 in the first direction F1, away from the second dielectric layer 4. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The lower surface of the second dielectric layer 4.

[0068] An electromagnetic bandgap structure 3 is disposed between the first dielectric layer 2 and the second dielectric layer 4. In this embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2The electromagnetic bandgap structure 3 is fixed to the upper surface of the first dielectric layer 2. In other embodiments, the electromagnetic bandgap structure 3 may also be fixed to the lower surface of the second dielectric layer 4.

[0069] The first radiating sheet is disposed between the second dielectric layer 4 and the third dielectric layer 6. In this embodiment, Figure 1 The first radiating sheet is fixed to the upper surface of the second dielectric layer 4. In other embodiments, the first radiating sheet may also be fixed to the lower surface of the third dielectric layer 6.

[0070] The second radiating sheet is fixed to the surface of the third dielectric layer 6 facing away from the second dielectric layer 4 in the first direction F1, i.e. Figure 1 The upper surface of the third dielectric layer 6.

[0071] Furthermore, the dielectric constant of each of the aforementioned dielectric layers also affects the operating frequency band of the array antenna. Therefore, by selecting dielectric layers with corresponding dielectric constants, the array antenna can operate in the required frequency band.

[0072] It should be noted that in some other embodiments, the first dielectric layer 2, the second dielectric layer 4, and the third dielectric layer 6 may also be air without physical support, or the antenna array may not be configured with the first dielectric layer 2, the second dielectric layer 4, and the third dielectric layer 6. In this case, the relative positions between the floor 1, the electromagnetic bandgap structure 3, the first radiating sheet, and the second radiating sheet can be stabilized by other means, such as by setting up a fixed bracket.

[0073] Please see Figure 6 In this embodiment, each first radiating plate 5 is an octagonal structure, which includes four first side edges 503 of equal length and four second side edges 504 of equal length. The first side edges 503 and second side edges 504 are arranged alternately along the circumference of the first radiating plate 5, wherein two first side edges 503 extend along the aforementioned second direction F2, and the other two first side edges 503 extend along the aforementioned third direction F3, and the length of the first side edge 503 is less than the length of the second side edge 504. Please refer to [link to previous text]. Figure 7 and combined Figures 1 to 4 Each second radiating sheet 7 includes four mutually spaced and square radiating sheet units 7a. These four radiating sheet units 7a are arranged in two rows along the aforementioned second direction F2 and in two columns along the aforementioned third direction F3, forming a 2×2 matrix arrangement. The geometric center of the first radiating sheet 5 and the geometric center of the second radiating sheet 7 coincide in the aforementioned first direction F1. The four radiating sheet units 7a constituting the second radiating sheet 7 completely cover the four second sides 504 of the first radiating sheet 5 in the aforementioned first direction F1, and the four radiating sheet units 7a partially cover the four first sides 503 of the first radiating sheet 5 in the aforementioned first direction F1.

[0074] Please see Figure 5 In this embodiment, each electromagnetic bandgap unit 3a in the electromagnetic bandgap structure 3 includes a first metal pattern 301, four second metal patterns 302, and four third metal patterns 303. The first metal pattern 301 is a square, and its two sides extend along the aforementioned column direction F5 (i.e., the column direction F5 of the two-dimensional matrix corresponding to the electromagnetic bandgap structure 3). The second metal patterns 302 are squares of the same size, and their dimensions (side lengths) are smaller than those of the first metal pattern 301. The four second metal patterns 302 are integrally disposed at the four corners of the first metal pattern 301, with each second metal pattern 302 having two sides extending along the aforementioned column direction F5, and each corner of the second metal pattern 302 coinciding with a corner of the first metal pattern 301 (the overlapping area is a square). The four third metal patterns 303 are all straight lines, extending vertically from the middle of the four sides of the first metal pattern 301. Please refer to [further details omitted]. Figure 3 and combined Figure 1 For any two adjacent electromagnetic bandgap units 3a, the third metal pattern 303 of one electromagnetic bandgap unit 3a is connected to the third metal pattern 303 of the other electromagnetic bandgap unit 3a.

[0075] Please see again. Figure 3 In this embodiment, the total number of first radiating plates 5 and the total number of second radiating plates 7 are both 8. Moreover, the distance between the geometric centers of any two adjacent first radiating plates 5 is 0.4λ, where λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in vacuum when the array antenna is operating at its center frequency.

[0076] The array antenna provided in this embodiment is a uniform linear array with equal amplitude, and its array factor directivity coefficient can be obtained as follows:

[0077]

[0078] Where N is the number of the first radiating elements (i.e., the number of antenna elements), for an array with N = 8 first radiating elements, the directivity coefficient of the array factor can be obtained as follows: Figure 10 As shown. From this Figure 10 It can be concluded that when the antenna element spacing (i.e., the distance between the geometric centers of adjacent first radiating plates 5) is 0.4λ, the directivity coefficient D of the array factor increases with the increase of the array antenna scanning angle. a The spacing gradually increases and reaches a maximum value. The scanning performance of the array antenna can be further improved by adjusting the spacing of the antenna elements. Insufficient spacing of the antenna elements will lead to poor isolation performance of the array. The electromagnetic bandgap structure 3 used has band-stop characteristics; see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 11Through simulation analysis of the band-stop characteristics of the designed electromagnetic bandgap structure 3, it can be seen that when the stopband of the electromagnetic bandgap structure 3 is within the frequency band of the designed array (the frequency band of the array antenna in this embodiment is 24-27.5GHz), the propagation of surface waves can be suppressed, the isolation between antenna elements can be improved, and the decoupling effect can be achieved.

[0079] Figure 12 This is a scanning performance diagram when the second feed points 502 of the eight first radiating plates 5 of the array antenna in this embodiment are fed (that is, fed to the -45° direction port). By giving the eight second feed points 502 (ports) different feed phase differences, the maximum gain drops from 13.4dB to 10.1dB, and the maximum scanning angle scans from 0° to 77°. Figure 13 This is a scanning performance diagram showing the performance of the array antenna in this embodiment when the eight first radiating plates 5 are fed to their first feed points 501 (i.e., fed to the +45° direction port). By applying different feed phase differences to the eight first feed points 501 (ports), the maximum gain decreases from 13.3dB to 10.5dB while the maximum scanning angle increases from 0° to 77°. This is compared to the performance without the electromagnetic bandgap structure 3. Figure 14 and 15 The scanning angle was increased by about ±15° by loading the electromagnetic bandgap structure 3.

[0080] Furthermore, embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device including an array antenna with the above-described structure.

[0081] Figure 18 A schematic diagram of the scanning performance of the designed array antenna is provided. The two communication terminal devices on the left are equipped with a QTM525 high-throughput millimeter-wave antenna module, and the communication terminal on the right is equipped with a millimeter-wave antenna module (array antenna) with the above structure. Compared with the currently commercially available QTM525 high-throughput millimeter-wave module, the millimeter-wave antenna module provided in this embodiment has higher scanning performance and can effectively reduce the commercial cost of millimeter waves.

Claims

1. A dual-polarized one-dimensional linear wide-angle scanning array antenna, characterized in that, Including those arranged in a stacked manner along the first direction and spaced apart from each other: floor; An electromagnetic bandgap structure, wherein the electromagnetic bandgap structure is a UC-EBG structure, comprising multiple electromagnetic bandgap units arranged periodically in a two-dimensional matrix. Each of the electromagnetic bandgap units includes: The first metal pattern is square, and the two sides of the first metal pattern extend along the column direction of the two-dimensional matrix. Four second metal patterns, each of which is a square of the same size but smaller than the first metal pattern, are integrally disposed at the four corners of the first metal pattern. Two sides of each second metal pattern extend along the column direction, and one corner of each second metal pattern coincides with one corner of the first metal pattern. Four third metal patterns, each of which is a straight line, and the four third metal patterns extend vertically from the middle of the four sides of the first metal pattern. Wherein, for any two adjacent electromagnetic bandgap units, the third metal pattern of one electromagnetic bandgap unit is connected to the third metal pattern of the other electromagnetic bandgap unit. The zero-phase point of the electromagnetic bandgap structure is located within the center frequency band of the array antenna. The first radiating layer comprises a plurality of first radiating sheets arranged at intervals along a second direction. Each first radiating sheet has a first feed point and a second feed point. The angle between the first line connecting the geometric center of the first radiating sheet and the first feed point and the third direction is +45°, and the angle between the second line connecting the geometric center of the first radiating sheet and the second feed point and the third direction is -45°. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other. The first line is parallel to the row direction of the two-dimensional matrix, and the second line is parallel to the column direction of the two-dimensional matrix. The distance between the geometric centers of any two adjacent first radiating sheets is 0.4λ, where λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in vacuum when the array antenna operates at its center frequency.

2. The array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The array antenna further includes a second radiating sheet layer, which is stacked and spaced apart from the first radiating sheet layer in the first direction. The second radiating sheet layer is located on the side of the first radiating sheet that is away from the electromagnetic bandgap structure in the first direction. The second radiating sheet includes a plurality of second radiating sheets that are spaced apart along the second direction and correspond one-to-one with the plurality of first radiating sheets.

3. The array antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The array antenna further includes a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer, and a third dielectric layer stacked sequentially along the first direction; The floor is disposed on the surface of the first dielectric layer facing away from the second dielectric layer in the first direction, the electromagnetic bandgap structure is disposed between the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer, the first radiating sheet layer is disposed between the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer, and the second radiating sheet layer is disposed on the surface of the third dielectric layer facing away from the second dielectric layer in the first direction.

4. The array antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first radiating sheet is octagonal, which is formed by four first sides of equal length and four second sides of equal length. The first sides and the second sides are arranged alternately along the circumference of the octagon, wherein two of the first sides extend along the second direction and the other two of the first sides extend along the third direction. The second radiating sheet includes four mutually spaced and square radiating sheet units, which are arranged in two rows along the second direction and in two columns along the third direction; The geometric center of the first radiating sheet coincides with the geometric center of the second radiating sheet in the first direction, and the four radiating sheet units completely cover the four second sides and partially cover the four first sides in the first direction, respectively.

5. The array antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The length of the first side is less than the length of the second side.

6. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes the array antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

Images