Construction method of basement floor active drainage layer

Abstract

The application provides a basement floor active drainage layer construction method, comprising the following steps: S1, applying mortar on the surface of the basement floor to form a leveling layer; S2, supporting a positioning steel bar at the edge position of the basement floor, welding an angle steel at the top of the positioning steel bar, and excavating the outer edge of the basement floor to form a drainage ditch; S3, laying a prefabricated plate, the top of the prefabricated plate being provided with a cylindrical groove, the bottom of the prefabricated plate being provided with a water guide groove, and the upper edge of the termination closing portion of the prefabricated plate being flush with the lower edge of the angle steel; S4, binding a terrace steel bar above the prefabricated plate, and pouring cement mortar to form a reinforced concrete layer; and S5, leveling and curing the reinforced concrete layer. Therefore, after the cement mortar is poured, the cement mortar can enter the cylindrical groove to enhance the connection strength between the reinforced concrete layer and the prefabricated plate, and the reverse infiltration water blocked by the bottom of the prefabricated plate can flow into the drainage ditch along the drainage channel formed by the water guide groove and the leveling layer, so that the cracking of the reinforced concrete layer is reduced, and the possibility of basement floor leakage is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of basement construction, and in particular to a method for constructing an active drainage layer for basement floor slabs. Background Technology

[0002] With the increase in buildings and the continuous expansion of building area in my country, the development and utilization of underground space has become a trend. However, during basement construction, the concrete structure of the basement floor slab is prone to cracks and leaks due to factors such as the setting of expansion joints, concrete shrinkage, and temperature deformation. After cracks appear, it is usually necessary to first clean the impurities inside the cracks, and then fill and smooth them with mortar to seal and repair them. The sealing and repair process, as well as the curing of the mortar after it has hardened, both require time and labor costs, reducing the construction progress of the basement. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To reduce the possibility of cracks and leaks in basement floor slabs, this application provides a construction method for an active drainage layer in basement floor slabs.

[0004] The construction method for an active drainage layer in a basement floor slab provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A method for constructing an active drainage layer on a basement floor slab, wherein the basement floor slab structure includes: The floor structure and the drainage ditch located on the outside of the floor structure; wherein, the floor structure includes a leveling layer, an impermeable water-conducting layer and a reinforced concrete layer arranged sequentially from bottom to top, the impermeable water-conducting layer includes multiple precast slabs laid evenly, the side of the precast slabs near the leveling layer is provided with multiple water-conducting grooves, and the side of the precast slabs near the reinforced concrete layer is provided with multiple columnar grooves. The construction method for the active drainage layer of the basement floor slab includes the following steps: Step S1: Apply mortar to the surface of the basement floor slab, level and cure to form the leveling layer; Step S2: Positioning steel bars are erected at intervals at the edge of the basement floor slab, and angle steel is welded to the top of the positioning steel bars. The drainage ditch is formed by excavation at the outer edge of the basement floor slab. Step S3: Lay the precast slab on the surface of the leveling layer. The side of the precast slab with the columnar groove faces upward and the side of the precast slab with the water guide groove faces downward. The water guide grooves of each adjacent precast slab are connected to each other, and the upper edge of the termination of the precast slab is flush with the lower edge of the angle steel. Step S4: Tie the ground reinforcement bars above the precast slab and pour cement mortar onto the surface of the precast slab. The cement mortar wraps around the ground reinforcement bars to form the reinforced concrete layer, and part of the cement mortar enters the interior of the columnar groove. Step S5: Level and cure the reinforced concrete layer.

[0005] By adopting the above technical solution, the flatness of the precast slab installation can be improved by first leveling the foundation at the bottom of the basement; by laying the precast slab on the surface of the leveling layer and then pouring cement mortar on top of the precast slab, the cement mortar can enter the columnar groove of the precast slab, so that the reinforced concrete layer and the precast slab are integrated, which enhances the connection strength between the reinforced concrete layer and the impermeable and water-conducting layer and reduces the possibility of cracks in the reinforced concrete layer.

[0006] In addition, precast slabs can be made of waterproof materials, which can block backflow water from seeping upwards in the underground soil. Since the water channel of the precast slab forms a drainage channel with the leveling layer, the backflow water blocked by the precast slab can flow into the drainage ditch on the outside along the drainage channel, thus forming an organized active drainage system. This reduces the possibility of water accumulation at the bottom of the basement causing settlement and cracking of the reinforced concrete layer, thereby greatly reducing the possibility of leakage in the basement floor slab.

[0007] Optionally, before laying the precast slab on the leveling layer surface in step S3, a leveling device is fixed on the leveling layer surface; The leveling device includes a fixed base plate and multiple leveling mechanisms. The fixed base plate is anchored to the foundation at the bottom of the basement by anchors. All leveling mechanisms are spaced apart along the extension direction of the fixed base plate. Each leveling mechanism includes a telescopic rod assembly rotatably mounted on the top of the fixed base plate and a support plate vertically fixed to the end of the telescopic rod assembly away from the fixed base plate. One side of the support plate in the extension direction is magnetically adsorbed to the inner wall of the water guide channel by a magnetic attraction component. The water guide channel is designed as a dovetail channel, and the length of the support plate is adapted to the width of the bottom of the water guide channel.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, during the laying of precast slabs, the fixed base plate is anchored above the basement foundation and leveling layer, with one side of the fixed base plate's extension direction facing the drainage ditch. Then, a water guide channel of the precast slab is aligned with the fixed base plate, and the precast slab is pushed to allow the fixed base plate to enter the water guide channel. At this time, the support plate can be magnetically attached to the inner wall of the water guide channel. The support plate is positioned at the bottom of the dovetail-shaped water guide channel. The axial length design of the telescopic rod group allows the lower surface of the precast slab to abut against the leveling layer. Moreover, the multiple leveling mechanisms jointly position the precast slab, reducing the possibility of skewing during the laying process and causing local voids. This facilitates the stable formation of the drainage channel and allows the backflow water intercepted at the bottom of the precast slab to smoothly enter the drainage ditch along the drainage channel.

[0009] Optionally, the fixed substrate is a magnetically conductive metal plate, and a first magnet is embedded on the side of the support plate near the fixed substrate, and the first magnet is magnetically attracted to the fixed substrate.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, a first magnet is embedded at the bottom of the support plate. The first magnet maintains a constant magnetic attraction with the fixed base plate. Under the action of this magnetic attraction, the support plate can rotate normally to a position parallel to the fixed base plate. This reduces the possibility of interference between the support plate and the end wall of the precast slab when pushing the precast slab into the water channel, improving the convenience of construction and installation. After the support plate successfully enters the water channel, under the magnetic force of the magnetic attraction component, it drives the telescopic rod assembly to rotate. Finally, one side of the support plate in the extension direction abuts against the inner wall of the water channel and magnetically engages with it, thus successfully fixing and leveling the precast slab.

[0011] Optionally, the telescopic rod assembly includes multiple support rods arranged sequentially and multiple connecting rods movably connected between every two adjacent support rods. The uppermost support rod is connected to the baffle plate, and the lowermost support rod is connected to the fixed base plate. The end of each support rod is provided with an axially penetrating movable groove, and the connecting rod is movably connected between two adjacent movable grooves. When the baffle plate is magnetically adsorbed onto the inner wall of the water guide channel, the telescopic rod assembly is in its ultimate extension state.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, each pair of adjacent support rods is connected by a connecting rod. In the initial state, each support rod can abut against the other in sequence under its own gravity. At this time, the connecting rod is fully retracted into the two adjacent movable slots of the adjacent support rods, and the length of the telescopic rod assembly is minimized. At this time, the distance between the first magnet and the fixed base plate is minimized, and the magnetic attraction is maximized, which is more conducive to keeping the baffle plate in a position parallel to the fixed base plate. When the precast slab is pushed to make the baffle plate enter the water guide channel, the support rod can extend upward under the magnetic traction of the force magnetic attraction component. Finally, after the support rod is extended to its limit extension state, the baffle plate is magnetically attracted to the inner wall of the water guide channel and locked inside the water guide channel, which can smoothly fix and level the precast slab.

[0013] Optionally, the magnetic attraction assembly includes a second magnet embedded in one side of the extension direction of the support plate and a magnetic guide plate embedded in the inner wall of the water guide channel. The magnetic guide plate is located on the side of the water guide channel away from the leveling layer, and the second magnet is magnetically attracted to the magnetic guide plate.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the cooperation between the second magnet and the magnetic plate can make the two sides of the support baffle in the extension direction stably attached to the inner wall of the water channel, thereby fixing the precast slab and making its lower surface attached to the leveling layer.

[0015] Optionally, before pouring cement mortar onto the surface of the precast slab in step S4, a fixing column is inserted into the columnar groove of the precast slab, and all fixing columns are arranged sequentially according to the planning design; the end of the fixing column away from the precast slab is provided with a hoop, and the hoop is higher than the ground reinforcement. Construction methods also include: Step S6: The floor heating wires are coiled and laid on the surface of the reinforced concrete layer. The floor heating wires are positioned by the hoop rings of each of the fixed columns. Finally, the floor heating wires are coiled to form a moisture-proof and heat-insulating layer. Step S7: Waterproof floor tiles are laid on the surface of the reinforced concrete layer to form a floor tile layer. Multiple protruding columns are evenly distributed on the side of the waterproof floor tiles facing the reinforced concrete layer, and the floor heating wire is passed through the gap between adjacent protruding columns.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, fixing columns are inserted into some column grooves before the reinforced concrete layer is poured. After the reinforced concrete layer is poured, the underfloor heating wires can be easily routed and fixed through the hoop at the top of the fixing column. The installation of the underfloor heating wires can generate heat energy by passing electricity, which can increase the surface temperature of the basement floor and improve the situation of the basement floor surface being damp and easy to get wet, thus helping to keep the surface of the basement floor dry.

[0017] Optionally, the cylindrical grooves and water guide grooves are staggered; the bottom of the cylindrical groove is provided with a limiting groove, which is located between the two water guide grooves, and the inner diameter of the limiting groove is larger than the inner diameter of the cylindrical groove; the end of the fixed column away from the hoop is provided with a limiting mechanism, which includes multiple hinge plates, all of which are evenly arranged around the central axis of the fixed column; the hinge plates are hinged to the end of the fixed column, and a torsion spring is provided at the hinge point between the hinge plate and the fixed column, which is used to keep the fixed columns away from each other under normal conditions, and the hinge plates are exposed on the fixed column under normal conditions.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple hinge plates are installed at the bottom of the fixed column. These hinge plates can rotate under the torsion of corresponding torsion springs to a position partially exposed outside the fixed column. During installation, the hinge plates are forced together, and then the hinge plates and the fixed column are inserted into the column groove. The fixed column is pushed into the bottom of the groove, and finally, the hinge plates rotate outward under the torsion of the corresponding torsion springs and partially enter the limiting groove. The fixed column remains inside the column groove under gravity, while the hinge plates remain inside the limiting groove. This reduces the possibility of the fixed column accidentally detaching from the column groove due to the buoyancy of the cement mortar during subsequent reinforced concrete layer pouring.

[0019] Optionally, both the fixing post and the hinge plate are made of thermally conductive metal material. When the fixing post is inserted into the cylindrical groove, the side of the hinge plate away from the fixing post abuts against the inner peripheral wall of the limiting groove.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, and using heat-conducting metal materials to make fixed columns and hinged plates, the heat generated when the underfloor heating line is working can also be conducted along the fixed columns and hinged plates and finally to the inner sidewall of the water guide channel. The increase in temperature around the water guide channel can quickly liquefy the blocked reverse seepage water and make it flow downward along the sidewall of the water guide channel, which can improve the efficiency of reverse seepage water being discharged to the drainage ditch and further reduce the possibility of water accumulation at the bottom of the basement causing settlement and cracking of the reinforced concrete layer.

[0021] Optionally, the precast slab is provided with a cover and a mating groove on the side away from the leveling layer. The cover and the mating groove are respectively provided on both sides of the extension direction of the precast slab, and the cover of each precast slab matches and covers the mating groove of the adjacent precast slab.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the joint between two adjacent precast slabs is sealed by the fit between the cover and the mating groove. This reduces the possibility of cement mortar entering the gap between the two adjacent precast slabs during subsequent cement mortar pouring, thereby reducing the possibility of cement mortar entering the water guide channel and causing the drainage channel to be blocked. This helps to maintain a good active drainage effect in the drainage channel.

[0023] Optionally, the prefabricated board is a polystyrene foam board.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, polystyrene foam board has a good waterproof effect and can effectively block backflow of water at the bottom, thereby reducing the occurrence of leakage in the basement floor.

[0025] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By laying precast slabs to form an impermeable and water-conducting layer, cement mortar can be poured into the column groove to enhance the connection strength between the reinforced concrete layer and the precast slab. At the same time, the back seepage water blocked at the bottom of the precast slab can flow into the drainage ditch along the drainage channel formed by the water guide groove and the leveling layer, reducing the cracking of the reinforced concrete layer and reducing the possibility of leakage in the basement floor slab. 2. By setting up a leveling device, when the precast slab is pushed into the water channel to make the fixed base plate enter the water channel, the support plate can be adsorbed onto the inner wall of the water channel through the magnetic suction component, so that the lower surface of the precast slab abuts against the leveling layer, reducing the situation of local hollowing caused by the skewing of the precast slab during the laying process, which is conducive to the stable formation of the drainage channel. 3. By winding underfloor heating wires around the surface of the reinforced concrete layer, the underfloor heating wires generate heat energy after being energized, which can improve the surface temperature of the basement floor and reduce the moisture content of the basement floor, thus helping to keep the basement floor surface dry. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the basement floor slab in this embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the precast slab structure in this embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the leveling device in this embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation relationship between the leveling device and the water guide channel in this embodiment; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Sectional view along the BB direction; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fixed column in this embodiment; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the reinforced concrete layer is poured in this embodiment; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the waterproof floor tiles in this embodiment.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Drainage ditch; 11. Positioning reinforcement; 12. Angle steel; 2. Leveling layer; 3. Water-resistant and impermeable layer; 31. Precast slab; 311. Water channel; 312. Columnar channel; 313. Limiting channel; 314. Cover part; 315. Matching channel; 4. Reinforced concrete layer; 5. Moisture-resistant and heat-insulating layer; 51. Underfloor heating line; 6. Floor tile layer; 61. Waterproof floor tile; 611. Outwardly protruding column; 7. Leveling device; 7 1. Fixed base plate; 711. Anchor; 72. Support plate; 721. First magnet; 73. Magnetic suction assembly; 731. Second magnet; 732. Magnetic guide plate; 8. Telescopic rod assembly; 81. Support rod; 811. Movable groove; 812. Sliding area; 813. Limiting area; 82. Connecting rod; 821. Stand; 9. Fixed column; 91. Hoop; 92. Limiting mechanism; 921. Hinge plate; 922. Torsion spring. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-9 This application will be described in further detail.

[0029] This application discloses a construction method for an active drainage layer in a basement floor slab.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 The basement floor structure includes the main floor slab and a drainage ditch 1 located on the outside of the main floor slab. The main floor slab includes, from bottom to top, a leveling layer 2, an impermeable and water-conducting layer 3, a reinforced concrete layer 4, a moisture-proof and heat-insulating layer 5, and a floor tile layer 6. The lowest leveling layer 2 is located above the bottom foundation of the basement.

[0031] The leveling layer 2 is obtained by applying mortar to the foundation surface at the bottom of the basement, leveling and curing it; the impermeable and water-conducting layer 3 includes multiple precast slabs 31, all of which are evenly laid on the surface of the leveling layer 2. The precast slabs 31 are made of polystyrene foam board, which has excellent waterproofing capabilities and can block backflow water from the foundation, reducing the possibility of backflow water seeping upwards through the precast slabs 31 and causing the main surface of the floor to become damp; in other feasible implementations, the precast slabs 31 can also be made of other waterproofing materials.

[0032] Reference Figure 2 Multiple water guide channels 311 are provided at the bottom of the precast slab 31. Each water guide channel 311 is a through channel that runs through both sides of the precast slab 31 in the extension direction. All water guide channels 311 are equidistantly arranged along the width direction of the precast slab 31. After the precast slab 31 is laid, the water guide channel 311 of each precast slab 31 can be connected to the adjacent water guide channel 311 of the adjacent precast slab 31, so that the water guide channel 311 and the leveling layer 2 form a complete drainage channel. The end of the drainage channel is finally connected to the drainage ditch 1, thereby forming an active drainage system that can discharge the reverse seepage water intercepted by the precast slab 31 into the drainage ditch 1.

[0033] In addition, the water guide channel 311 in this embodiment is set as a dovetail channel, that is, the width of the opening of the water guide channel 311 is smaller than the width of the bottom of the water guide channel 311. When the reverse seepage water adheres to the water guide channel 311, the reverse seepage water can flow downward along the inwardly inclined inner wall of the water guide channel 311, thereby improving the efficiency of the reverse seepage water being actively discharged to the drainage ditch 1.

[0034] The top of the precast slab 31 is provided with a cover part 314 and a mating groove 315. The cover part 314 and the mating groove 315 are located on both sides of the extension direction of the precast slab 31. The shape of the cover part 314 and the shape of the mating groove 315 are set to be the same. After the precast slab 31 is laid, the cover part 314 of each precast slab 31 can match and cover the mating groove 315 of the adjacent precast slab 31, thereby sealing the joint of the two precast slabs 31. This reduces the possibility of cement mortar entering the joint gap and blocking the drainage channel when the subsequent reinforced concrete layer 4 is poured, which is conducive to maintaining a good active drainage effect of the drainage channel.

[0035] Reference Figure 3A leveling device 7 for fixing the precast slab 31 is provided above the leveling layer 2. The leveling device 7 includes a fixing base plate 71 and a leveling mechanism. An anchor 711 is provided at the bottom of the fixing base plate 71. The anchor 711 can be used to anchor the fixing base plate 71 to the bottom foundation of the basement and make the bottom surface of the fixing base plate 71 fit against the leveling layer 2. There are multiple sets of leveling mechanisms, and all leveling mechanisms are arranged at equal intervals along the extension direction of the fixing base plate 71.

[0036] The leveling mechanism includes a telescopic rod assembly 8 rotatably mounted on the top of the fixed base plate 71 and a support plate 72 vertically fixed to the end of the telescopic rod assembly 8 away from the fixed base plate 71; and refers to Figure 4 The length of the baffle 72 is equal to the width of the bottom of the water guide channel 311, and the side of the baffle 72 extending in the same direction has the same slope as the inner wall of the water guide channel 311, which helps to improve the compatibility between the baffle 72 and the water guide channel 311.

[0037] Both sides of the support plate 72 along its extension direction are magnetically attracted to the inner wall of the water guide channel 311 by magnetic attraction components 73. The magnetic components include a second magnet 731 embedded on one side of the support plate 72 along its extension direction and a magnetic guide plate 732 embedded in the inner wall of the water guide channel 311. The magnetic guide plate 732 is located on the side of the water guide channel 311 away from the leveling layer 2. The magnetic guide plate 732 can be made of stainless steel, iron-cobalt-nickel alloy, or other magnetically conductive metal materials to give it good magnetic conductivity.

[0038] A first magnet 721 is embedded in the side of the support plate 72 facing the fixed base plate 71, and the fixed base plate 71 is also made of magnetically conductive metal material. In the initial state, due to the magnetic attraction between the first magnet 721 and the fixed base plate 71, the support plate 72 can rotate and stay in a position parallel to the fixed base plate 71, so that the leveling device 7 can easily enter the water channel 311 when the precast plate 31 is installed. When the precast plate 31 is installed and the leveling device 7 enters the water channel 311, the support plate 72 can rotate under the magnetic attraction between the first magnet 721 and the magnetic plate 732. Finally, the first magnet 721 on the extended side of the support plate 72 can be attracted to the magnetic plate 732, so that the support plate 72 can firmly fix the precast plate 31, reduce the situation of local voids caused by the skewing of the precast plate 31 during the laying process, and facilitate the stable formation of the drainage channel.

[0039] Reference Figure 5The telescopic rod assembly 8 includes multiple support rods 81 and multiple connecting rods 82. All support rods 81 are arranged sequentially along their own axis. The lowest support rod 81 is fixedly connected to the fixed base plate 71, and the highest support rod 81 is fixedly connected to the baffle plate 72. Each support rod 81 has an axially penetrating movable groove 811 at its end. Each connecting rod 82 is movably disposed between two adjacent movable grooves 811, which allows for variable axial length of the telescopic rod assembly 8 and relative rotation between the baffle plate 72 and the fixed base plate 71. In the initial state, each support rod 81 can abut against the fixed base plate 71 under its own weight. At this time, the length of the telescopic rod assembly 8 is the shortest, and the magnetic attraction between the first magnet 721 and the fixed base plate 71 is the strongest, which is more conducive to keeping the support rods 81 in a position parallel to the fixed base plate 71.

[0040] The movable groove 811 includes a sliding area 812 located in the middle of the support rod 81 and two limiting areas 813 located at both ends of the support rod 81. The two limiting areas 813 are respectively connected to the sliding area 812. The inner diameter of the limiting area 813 is equal to the outer diameter of the connecting rod 82, and the inner diameter of the sliding area 812 is greater than the inner diameter of the limiting area 813.

[0041] Each connecting rod 82 has a protruding baffle 821 on its outer peripheral wall. There are two baffles 821, located at opposite ends of the connecting rod 82's axis. Each baffle 821 is movably positioned inside the sliding area 812 and can abut against the step surface at the transition between the sliding area 812 and the limiting area 813, reducing the possibility of the connecting rod 82 detaching directly from the support rod 81. When the precast slab 31 is installed and the leveling device 7 enters the water guide trough 311, the baffles 821 of each connecting rod 82 can abut against the step surface of the sliding area 812 and the limiting area 813, thereby placing the telescopic rod assembly 8 in its maximum extension state. This facilitates the stable contact of the bottom of the precast slab 31 with the leveling layer 2 and the stable formation of a drainage channel.

[0042] Back Figure 2 The top of the precast slab 31 has multiple cylindrical grooves 312, all of which are evenly arranged in multiple rows and columns; at the same time, referring to Figure 6 The cylindrical grooves 312 and the water guiding grooves 311 are arranged in an alternating pattern, with the bottom of each cylindrical groove 312 extending between two adjacent water guiding grooves 311. A limiting groove 313 is provided at the bottom of each cylindrical groove 312, and the inner diameter of the limiting groove 313 is larger than the inner diameter of the cylindrical groove 312. The reinforced concrete layer 4 is formed by binding ground reinforcement bars above the precast slab 31 and pouring cement mortar. After pouring, the cement mortar can enter the cylindrical grooves 312 and solidify, thereby improving the connection strength between the precast slab 31 and the reinforced concrete layer 4.

[0043] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 8 A fixed column 9 is inserted inside part of the column-shaped groove 312. The top of the fixed column 9 is equipped with a hoop 91, which is higher than the floor reinforcement. After the reinforced concrete layer 4 is poured, the hoop 91 is exposed above the reinforced concrete layer 4. The moisture-proof and heat-insulating layer 5 includes a floor heating wire 51 coiled above the reinforced concrete layer 4. The floor heating wire 51 is positioned by the hoop 91, facilitating its installation. (Refer to...) Figure 9 The floor tile layer 6 includes multiple waterproof floor tiles 61 laid on top of the reinforced concrete layer 4. Multiple protruding columns 611 are evenly distributed on the side of the waterproof floor tiles 61 facing the reinforced concrete layer 4. The protruding columns 611 abut against the surface of the reinforced concrete layer 4, and the underfloor heating wire 51 can pass through the gap between adjacent protruding columns 611.

[0044] Back Figure 7 A limiting mechanism 92 is provided at the bottom end of the fixed column 9 to improve the stability of the fixed column 9 when it is inserted into the cylindrical groove 312. The limiting mechanism 92 includes multiple hinge plates 921, all of which are evenly arranged around the central axis of the fixed column 9, and each hinge plate 921 is hinged to the end of the fixed column 9. In this embodiment, the number of hinge plates 921 is set to six, and the hinge positions of all hinge plates 921 and the fixed column 9 together form a hexagonal shape. A torsion spring 922 is installed at the distance between each hinge plate 921 and the fixed column 9. The torsion spring 922 is used to keep the fixed columns 9 away from each other in normal state, and the hinge plates 921 abut against the end of the fixed column 9 and partially exposed on the outer periphery of the fixed column 9 in normal state.

[0045] Simultaneously refer to Figure 6 When the fixed column 9 is installed, by forcing the hinge plates 921 to retract together, the hinge plates 921 and the fixed column 9 are inserted together into the column groove 312, pushing the fixed column 9 to move closer to the limiting groove 313. When the hinge plate 921 moves to the outside of the limiting groove 313, the hinge plate 921 rotates outward under the torsion of the torsion spring 922 and is locked inside the limiting groove 313. This can reduce the possibility that the fixed column 9 will accidentally detach from the column groove 312 due to the buoyancy of the cement mortar during the subsequent pouring of the reinforced concrete layer 4.

[0046] In addition, both the fixing column 9 and the hinge plate 921 are made of aluminum alloy, giving them good thermal conductivity. It is understood that in other feasible embodiments, the fixing column 9 and the hinge plate 921 may also be made of other thermally conductive metal materials. When the fixing column 9 is inserted into the cylindrical groove 312 and the hinge plate 921 is engaged in the limiting groove 313, the side of the hinge plate 921 away from the fixing column 9 can abut against the inner circumferential wall of the limiting column. The heat generated when the underfloor heating wire 51 is energized can be conducted along the fixing column 9 and the hinge plate 921 to the inner sidewall of the water guide trough 311, which facilitates the rapid liquefaction of the reverse seepage water and its downward flow along the sidewall of the water guide trough 311, further improving the efficiency of the reverse seepage water discharge to the drainage ditch 1.

[0047] The construction method for the active drainage layer of the basement floor slab includes the following steps: Step S1: Apply mortar to the basement surface, compact it with a terrazzo machine, level and smooth it, and cure it to form leveling layer 2.

[0048] Step S2: Positioning reinforcing bars 11 are erected at intervals along the edge of the basement floor slab. The positioning reinforcing bars 11 are vertically oriented, and angle steel 12 is welded to the top of the positioning reinforcing bars 11 (for the specific structure and location of the positioning reinforcing bars 11 and angle steel 12, please refer to...). Figure 8 Then, a drainage ditch 1 is excavated at the edge of the basement floor slab, with the positioning steel bars 11 and angle steel 12 located at the top edge of the drainage ditch 1.

[0049] In step S3, when the leveling layer 2 is initially set, a leveling device 7 is installed above the leveling layer 2. The extension direction of the leveling device 7 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the drainage ditch 1. The leveling device 7 is anchored to the bottom foundation by the anchor 711 at the bottom of the fixed base plate 71, and the bottom surface of the fixed base plate 71 abuts against the leveling layer 2.

[0050] The leveling layer 2 is further cured. After the leveling layer 2 is completely solidified, a precast slab 31 is laid on the surface of the leveling layer 2. The side of the precast slab 31 with the columnar groove 312 is set upwards, and the side of the precast slab 31 with the water guide groove 311 is set downwards. During installation, first, one of the water guide grooves 311 of the precast slab 31 is aligned with the leveling device 7. The precast slab 31 is pushed so that the leveling device 7 enters the water guide groove 311. The two sides of the limiting plate in the extension direction can be matched and locked at the bottom of the water guide groove 311, so that the precast slab 31 is attached to the surface of the leveling layer 2. The adjacent water guide grooves 311 of each adjacent precast slab 31 are connected to each other, and the upper edge of the termination end of the precast slab 31 is flush with the lower edge of the angle steel 12, so that the drainage channel and the drainage ditch 1 can be connected to each other through the gap of the positioning steel bar 11.

[0051] Step S4: The winding and laying position of the underfloor heating line 51 is planned and designed in advance. Fixed columns 9 are inserted into the column grooves 312 at the corresponding positions of the precast slab 31. The fixed columns 9 are laid out in sequence according to the planned design.

[0052] The ground reinforcement is tied above the precast slab 31. The ground reinforcement is arranged in a crisscross pattern, and the overlapping positions of adjacent ground reinforcement need to be tied with steel wire. The outermost part of the ground reinforcement is fixed to the angle steel 12 by welding.

[0053] Cement mortar is poured onto the surface of the precast slab 31, filled and compacted, and the cement mortar wraps around the floor steel bars to form a reinforced concrete layer 4, with part of the cement mortar entering the interior of the column groove 312; the hoop 91 at the top of the fixing rod needs to be exposed above the reinforced concrete layer 4.

[0054] Step S5: Level and cure the cement mortar until the reinforced concrete layer 4 has completely solidified.

[0055] Step S6: Install underfloor heating wires 51 on the surface of the reinforced concrete layer 4. The underfloor heating wires 51 are installed sequentially on each hoop 91 according to the layout plan of the fixed column 9, so that they are finally coiled to form a moisture-proof and heat-insulating layer 5.

[0056] Step S7: Apply another layer of cement mortar to the surface of the reinforced concrete layer 4, and then lay waterproof floor tiles 61 on top of the cement mortar. The protruding posts 611 of the waterproof floor tiles 61 pass through the cement mortar and abut against the reinforced concrete layer 4, and the underfloor heating wire 51 can pass through the gap between adjacent protruding posts 611. After the cement mortar solidifies, the waterproof floor tiles 61 together form the floor tile layer 6, and then grout and seal the gaps between adjacent waterproof floor tiles 61.

[0057] The implementation principle of the active drainage layer construction method for basement floor slabs in this application embodiment is as follows: When the reinforced concrete layer 4 is poured, cement mortar enters the columnar groove 312 of the precast slab 31, making the precast slab 31 and the reinforced concrete layer 4 integrated, which enhances the connection strength between the reinforced concrete layer 4 and the impermeable and water-conducting layer 3, and can reduce the possibility of cracks in the reinforced concrete layer 4. The precast slab 31 is made of waterproof material, and the back seepage water intercepted at its bottom can flow into the drainage ditch 1 on the outside along the drainage channel, thereby forming an organized active drainage system, reducing the situation of water accumulation and settlement at the bottom of the basement, which could lead to cracking of the reinforced concrete layer 4, and thus greatly reducing the possibility of leakage in the basement floor slab.

[0058] The above are preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A construction method for an active drainage layer in a basement floor slab, characterized in that: The basement floor structure includes a main floor slab and a drainage ditch (1) located on the outside of the main floor slab; wherein, the main floor slab includes a leveling layer (2), an impermeable water-conducting layer (3), and a reinforced concrete layer (4) arranged sequentially from bottom to top, the impermeable water-conducting layer (3) includes multiple precast slabs (31) evenly laid, the precast slabs (31) have multiple water-conducting grooves (311) on the side near the leveling layer (2), and the precast slabs (31) have multiple columnar grooves (312) on the side near the reinforced concrete layer (4); the construction method of the active drainage layer of the basement floor slab includes the following steps: step S1, applying mortar to the surface of the basement floor slab, leveling and curing to form the leveling layer (2); step S2, setting up positioning steel bars (11) at intervals at the edge of the basement floor slab, welding angle steel (12) to the top of the positioning steel bars (11), and the basement floor slab outside The drainage ditch (1) is formed by excavating the edge; in step S3, the precast slab (31) is laid on the surface of the leveling layer (2), with the side of the precast slab (31) with the column groove (312) facing upward and the side of the precast slab (31) with the water guide groove (311) facing downward; the adjacent water guide grooves (311) of each adjacent precast slab (31) are connected to each other, and the upper edge of the termination of the precast slab (31) is flush with the lower edge of the angle steel (12); in step S4, the ground reinforcement is tied above the precast slab (31), and cement mortar is poured onto the surface of the precast slab (31), the cement mortar wraps the ground reinforcement to form the reinforced concrete layer (4), and part of the cement mortar enters the interior of the column groove (312); in step S5, the reinforced concrete layer (4) is leveled and cured. Before laying the precast slab (31) on the surface of the leveling layer (2) in step S3, a leveling device (7) is fixed on the surface of the leveling layer (2); the leveling device (7) includes a fixed base plate (71) and multiple leveling mechanisms. The fixed base plate (71) is anchored to the bottom foundation of the basement by anchors (711). All leveling mechanisms are spaced apart along the extension direction of the fixed base plate (71). The leveling mechanism includes a telescopic rod assembly (8) rotatably mounted on the top of the fixed base plate (71) and a support plate (72) vertically fixed to one end of the telescopic rod assembly (8) away from the fixed base plate (71). One side of the support plate (72) in the extension direction is magnetically adsorbed to the inner wall of the water guide channel (311) by a magnetic suction assembly (73). The water guide channel (311) is designed as a dovetail channel, and the length of the support plate (72) is adapted to the width of the bottom of the water guide channel (311).

2. The construction method for the active drainage layer of the basement floor slab according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed substrate (71) is a magnetically conductive metal plate, and a first magnet (721) is embedded on the side of the support plate (72) near the fixed substrate (71). The first magnet (721) is magnetically attracted to the fixed substrate (71).

3. The construction method for the active drainage layer of the basement floor slab according to claim 2, characterized in that: The telescopic rod assembly (8) includes multiple support rods (81) arranged in sequence and multiple connecting rods (82) movably connected between each pair of adjacent support rods (81). The uppermost support rod (81) is connected to the baffle plate (72), and the lowermost support rod (81) is connected to the fixed base plate (71). The end of the support rod (81) is provided with an axially through movable groove (811), and the connecting rod (82) is movably connected between two adjacent movable grooves (811). When the baffle plate (72) is magnetically adsorbed onto the inner wall of the water guide channel (311), the telescopic rod assembly (8) is in the ultimate extension state.

4. The construction method for the active drainage layer of the basement floor slab according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic attraction component (73) includes a second magnet (731) embedded in one side of the extension direction of the baffle (72) and a magnetic guide plate (732) embedded in the inner wall of the water guide channel (311). The magnetic guide plate (732) is located on the side of the water guide channel (311) away from the leveling layer (2), and the second magnet (731) is magnetically attracted to the magnetic guide plate (732).

5. The construction method for the active drainage layer of the basement floor slab according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before pouring cement mortar onto the surface of the precast slab (31) in step S4, fixing columns (9) are inserted into the columnar groove (312) of the precast slab (31), and all fixing columns (9) are arranged sequentially according to the design plan; a hoop (91) is provided at the end of the fixing column (9) away from the precast slab (31), and the hoop (91) is higher than the floor reinforcement; the construction method also includes: step S6, laying floor heating wires (51) around the surface of the reinforced concrete layer (4), and so on. The floor heating line (51) is positioned by the hoop (91) of each of the fixed columns (9), and the floor heating line (51) is finally coiled to form a moisture-proof and heat-insulating layer (5); in step S7, waterproof floor tiles (61) are laid on the surface of the reinforced concrete layer (4) to form a floor tile layer (6), and multiple protruding columns (611) are evenly distributed on the side of the waterproof floor tiles (61) facing the reinforced concrete layer (4), and the floor heating line (51) passes through the gap between adjacent protruding columns (611).

6. The construction method for the active drainage layer of the basement floor slab according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cylindrical groove (312) and the water guide groove (311) are arranged alternately; the bottom of the cylindrical groove (312) is provided with a limiting groove (313), the limiting groove (313) is located between the two water guide grooves (311), and the inner diameter of the limiting groove (313) is larger than the inner diameter of the cylindrical groove (312); the end of the fixed column (9) away from the hoop (91) is provided with a limiting mechanism (92), the limiting mechanism (92) includes multiple hinge plates (921), all hinge plates (921) are evenly arranged around the central axis of the fixed column (9); the hinge plate (921) is hinged to the end of the fixed column (9), and a torsion spring (922) is provided at the hinge point between the hinge plate (921) and the fixed column (9), the torsion spring (922) is used to keep each fixed column (9) away from each other under normal conditions, and the hinge plate (921) is exposed to the fixed column (9) under normal conditions.

7. The construction method for the active drainage layer of the basement floor slab according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both the fixed post (9) and the hinge plate (921) are made of thermally conductive metal material. When the fixed post (9) is inserted into the cylindrical groove (312), the side of the hinge plate (921) away from the fixed post (9) abuts against the inner peripheral wall of the limiting groove (313).

8. The construction method for the active drainage layer of the basement floor slab according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precast slab (31) is provided with a cover part (314) and a mating groove (315) on the side away from the leveling layer (2). The cover part (314) and the mating groove (315) are respectively provided on both sides of the extension direction of the precast slab (31). The cover part (314) of each precast slab (31) is matched and covered by the mating groove (315) of the adjacent precast slab (31).

9. The construction method for the active drainage layer of the basement floor slab according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The precast panel (31) is a polystyrene foam board.

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