A fatigue test bench for a cylinder

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of fatigue test test benches of cylinder, including horizontally distributed load mounting platform;The top of load mounting platform left and right ends is respectively provided with load mounting structure and transmission structure;Transmission structure is connected with loading force structure;Load mounting structure is used to install the cylinder needing to carry out fatigue test test;Loading force structure is used to load to form load force, and load force is applied to the transmission structure;Transmission structure is connected with the piston rod of cylinder right side, for load force applied by the loading force structure, load force is transmitted to cylinder, and load is applied to cylinder.The fatigue test test bench of cylinder disclosed in the application, scientific structure design, can conveniently and reliably carry out fatigue test test to the cylinder of vehicle retarder, master the service life of cylinder, satisfy the fatigue test demand of cylinder, be conducive to widespread popularization and application, have great practical significance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fatigue testing technology, and in particular to a fatigue testing bench for cylinders. Background Technology

[0002] Fatigue testing is a test conducted to determine the service life of a product under specified use and maintenance conditions, to predict or verify weak points and dangerous parts of the structure, and to evaluate product improvements to ensure the reliability and stability of the product during use.

[0003] Currently, in the railway industry, to ensure the smooth operation of freight marshalling operations, vehicle reducers, as the main speed-regulating equipment in marshalling yards, face higher safety requirements. Cylinders, as the main thrust components of vehicle reducers, are required to be free from breakage and air leakage within a major overhaul period (8-10 years). Therefore, fatigue tests are necessary for hump yard vehicle reducer cylinders. These tests verify whether the cylinders meet stroke requirements, whether components are deformed, whether piston rods are cracked, and whether there is air leakage at cylinder connections. Only through fatigue testing can it be verified whether the cylinders meet the requirements for a major overhaul period.

[0004] The specific tests for the vehicle reducer cylinders include: cylinder durability testing, which should meet the requirement of 300km after the test; cylinder component deformation requirements, which should not show any deformation or damage after the test; cylinder sealing requirements, which should not show any air leakage at the connection of the components after the test; internal leakage of the cylinder piston should be less than a first preset value, such as (3+1.5D)cm / min; external leakage of the piston rod should be less than a second preset value, such as (3+1.5d)cm / min, where D and d are the diameters of the piston and piston rod, respectively, in mm.

[0005] Furthermore, current testing methods lack a force-applying device and cannot apply force during cylinder operation. Existing test benches only perform cylinder no-load tests, which differ significantly from actual cylinder use in the field and cannot verify cylinder lifespan, sealing performance, deformation, and other indicators. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the technical deficiencies of existing technologies by providing a fatigue testing bench for cylinders.

[0007] Therefore, the present invention provides a fatigue test bench for cylinders, which includes a horizontally distributed load mounting platform;

[0008] The top left and right ends of the load mounting platform are respectively equipped with load mounting structure and transmission structure;

[0009] The transmission structure is connected to the force-loading structure;

[0010] Load-mounting structure for mounting cylinders that require fatigue testing;

[0011] A loading force structure is used to load and form a load force, and to apply a load force to the transmission structure;

[0012] The transmission structure is connected to the piston rod on the right side of the cylinder and is used to transmit the load force applied by the loading force structure to the cylinder, thereby applying a load to the cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the load-bearing mounting structure includes a bearing plate and two upright plates;

[0014] The bearing plate is fixedly installed on the top of the load mounting platform;

[0015] A vertical plate is vertically installed on the front and rear sides of the top of the bearing plate;

[0016] The gap between the two upright plates is used to place the cylinder that needs to be tested for fatigue.

[0017] The two upright plates are connected to the rear cover of the cylinder via a longitudinally distributed first connecting shaft.

[0018] Preferably, a clamping mechanism is also provided at the top right end of the bearing plate;

[0019] The clamping mechanism includes two vertically distributed connecting columns;

[0020] Two connecting columns are fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the top right end of the bearing plate, and are located on the outer side of the two upright plates;

[0021] The two connecting columns are symmetrically distributed front and back;

[0022] The tops of the two connecting columns are respectively connected to the front and rear ends of a longitudinally distributed clamping and positioning plate;

[0023] The right end of a clamping and positioning horizontal plate is fixedly connected to the middle position of the bottom surface of the clamping and positioning vertical plate.

[0024] The bottom surface of the clamping positioning plate is used to make tight contact with the top surface of the middle part of the cylinder.

[0025] Preferably, a screw is vertically installed at the top center of each connecting post;

[0026] The front and rear ends of the clamping positioning plate are provided with a vertical through hole for mounting the screw at the position corresponding to each screw.

[0027] The upper end of each screw is threadedly connected to the internal threaded hole of a nut after passing through a corresponding screw mounting hole.

[0028] Preferably, the transmission structure includes a connector body and a connecting pin;

[0029] The left end of the connector body is connected to the piston rod on the right side of the cylinder;

[0030] The right end of the connector body is connected to the left end of the connecting pin;

[0031] The right end of the connecting pin is hinged to the left end of the transversely distributed rack;

[0032] The top of the rack has multiple teeth that are evenly spaced.

[0033] The teeth at the top of the rack mesh with a gear;

[0034] A support base is provided at each of the left and right ends of the bottom of the rack;

[0035] Each support has a horizontally distributed rack receiving groove at its top;

[0036] The left and right ends of the rack are respectively located in the rack receiving grooves on the top of the two support bases;

[0037] A drive shaft runs longitudinally through the gear.

[0038] The front and rear ends of the drive shaft are pivotally connected to the upper part of a support column, respectively;

[0039] Two support columns are fixedly mounted on the mounting plate at the top right end of the load mounting platform.

[0040] Preferably, the left and right ends of the connecting pin each have a horizontally distributed long connecting rod and a flat portion;

[0041] The long connecting rod has external threads;

[0042] The right end of the connector body is provided with transversely distributed internal threaded through holes;

[0043] The internal thread of the threaded through hole in the connector body is threadedly fixedly connected to the external thread of the long connecting rod.

[0044] The external thread of the long connecting rod is also threadedly connected to the internal thread of a first locking nut;

[0045] The left side of the first locking nut is in abutting contact with the right side of the connector body;

[0046] The flat part is provided with a longitudinal through hole;

[0047] The left end of the rack is provided with horizontally distributed flat section receiving grooves;

[0048] The flat section has openings on the left side and the top and bottom sides;

[0049] The flat portion of the connecting pin is located in the receiving groove of the flat portion;

[0050] On the front and rear sides of the flat section receiving groove, a first rack through hole and a second rack through hole are respectively provided at positions corresponding to the flat section through hole;

[0051] The flat portion of the connecting pin is hinged to the left end of the rack via a longitudinally distributed second hinge pin.

[0052] Preferably, the force-loading structure includes a cam, a connecting fastening rod, two bosses, two support frames, two brake shoes, and a second locking nut;

[0053] The two support frames are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides and are set on the mounting plate at the top right end of the load mounting platform;

[0054] A brake shoe is hinged to the middle of each support frame;

[0055] The shape of the opposite side of the two brake shoes is a concave arc;

[0056] On the middle of the opposite side of the two brake shoes, there is a protrusion.

[0057] Each boss is hinged to the middle of the adjacent support frame;

[0058] A cam is mounted on the outer surface of a drive shaft within a gear in a transmission structure.

[0059] The cam is located directly behind the gear and is positioned to correspond to the two brake shoes;

[0060] A second locking nut is fixedly installed on the upper part of the support frame on the left.

[0061] The second locking nut has a transverse through-hole for connecting fastening rod thread;

[0062] The horizontally distributed connecting fastening rods, after passing through the threaded through-holes of the connecting fastening rods laterally, have their right ends connected to the upper part of the support frame located on the right side.

[0063] Preferably, the upper part of the support frame on the right is hinged to the right end of a hinge joint;

[0064] The left end of the hinge joint has vertically distributed connecting plates;

[0065] The connecting plate is provided with a transverse through-hole;

[0066] The right end of the connecting fastening rod has external threads;

[0067] The external thread on the right end of the connecting fastening rod is threadedly connected to the connecting threaded hole on the connecting plate;

[0068] On the right side of the top right end of the load mounting platform, there is a support boss on each of the left and right sides of the rear side of the mounting plate.

[0069] The lower ends of the two support frames are each hinged to a support boss.

[0070] Preferably, an arc-shaped friction strip is provided on one side of the two brake shoes facing each other.

[0071] Preferably, the air passage of the cylinder includes a main air source, a ball valve, an air filter, an oil mist lubricator, a pressure regulating valve, and a three-way valve;

[0072] The outlet of the main air source is connected to the inlet of a tee via a connecting pipe that is sequentially equipped with a ball valve, an air filter, an oil mist lubricator, and a pressure regulating valve.

[0073] The two outlets of the tee are each connected to the inlet of a two-position three-way solenoid valve;

[0074] One outlet of each of the two two-position three-way electrically controlled valves is connected to the air inlet and air outlet of the cylinder, respectively.

[0075] The fatigue test bench for the cylinder also includes electrical devices;

[0076] Electrical devices, including time relays and counters;

[0077] The time relay is connected to the control terminals of two two-position three-way solenoid valves respectively, and is used to alternately control the two two-position three-way solenoid valves to perform energizing and de-energizing operations within a preset time interval;

[0078] The counter in the electrical device is connected to any two-position three-way solenoid valve to collect the total number of times the two-position three-way solenoid valve is turned on and off, thereby recording the number of times the cylinder is operated.

[0079] As can be seen from the technical solution provided by the present invention above, compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a cylinder fatigue test bench with a scientifically designed structure, which can conveniently and reliably conduct fatigue tests on the cylinders of vehicle reducers, determine the service life of the cylinders, meet the fatigue test requirements of cylinders, and is conducive to widespread application, and has significant practical significance. Attached Figure Description

[0080] Figure 1 A front view of a fatigue testing bench for a cylinder provided by the present invention;

[0081] Figure 2 A top view of a fatigue testing bench for a cylinder provided by the present invention;

[0082] Figure 3 A perspective view of a fatigue testing bench for a cylinder provided by the present invention;

[0083] Figure 4 The front view of the load mounting structure when the previous cylinder is installed in the fatigue test bench for cylinders provided by the present invention;

[0084] Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a cylinder to be tested on a cylinder fatigue test bench provided by the present invention;

[0085] Figure 6 A top view of the load mounting structure in a cylinder fatigue test bench provided by the present invention;

[0086] Figure 7 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the load mounting structure in a cylinder fatigue test bench provided by the present invention;

[0087] Figure 8 A top view of the connection state of a bearing plate and two vertical plates in a cylinder fatigue test bench provided by the present invention;

[0088] Figure 9 The fatigue test bench for a cylinder provided by the present invention includes a front view of the connection state of a load mounting structure having a bearing plate and two upright plates.

[0089] Figure 10 A front view of the transmission structure in a cylinder fatigue testing test bench provided by the present invention.

[0090] Figure 11 A top view of the transmission structure in a cylinder fatigue testing rig provided by the present invention.

[0091] Figure 12 A cross-sectional view of the connector body in the transmission structure of a cylinder fatigue test bench provided by the present invention.

[0092] Figure 13 A front view of the connecting pin in the transmission structure of a cylinder fatigue test bench provided by the present invention;

[0093] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of a portion of the transmission structure in a cylinder fatigue test bench provided by the present invention;

[0094] Figure 15A front view of the loading force structure in a fatigue test bench for a cylinder provided by the present invention;

[0095] Figure 16 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the loading force structure located on the load mounting platform in a cylinder fatigue test bench provided by the present invention.

[0096] Figure 17a A front view of the electrical device of an embodiment of a cylinder fatigue test bench provided by the present invention;

[0097] Figure 17b The right view of the electrical device of one embodiment of a cylinder fatigue test bench provided by the present invention;

[0098] Figure 17c A rear view of the electrical device of an embodiment of a cylinder fatigue test bench provided by the present invention;

[0099] Figure 18 The present invention provides a cylinder fatigue test bench, and the test cylinder is shown in the air path diagram. Detailed Implementation

[0100] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0101] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0102] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0103] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0104] See Figures 1 to 15 , Figure 16 , Figures 17a to 17c , Figure 18 The present invention provides a fatigue test bench for cylinders, comprising: a horizontally distributed load mounting platform 1;

[0105] The top left and right ends of the load mounting platform 1 are respectively provided with a load mounting structure 100 and a transmission structure 200;

[0106] The transmission structure 200 is connected to the loading force structure 300;

[0107] Load mounting structure 100 is used to mount cylinders that need to undergo fatigue testing;

[0108] The loading force structure 300 is used to load and form a load force, and to apply the load force to the transmission structure 200;

[0109] The transmission structure 200 is connected to the piston rod 1001 on the right side of the cylinder 1000 and is used to transmit the load force applied by the loading force structure 300 to the cylinder 1000, that is, to apply a load to the cylinder.

[0110] In this invention, specifically, the load mounting platform 1 is located on top of a load cabinet 400.

[0111] In practice, the load cabinet 400 has multiple built-in drawers for storing preset types of tools.

[0112] In this invention, specifically, the load mounting structure 100 includes a bearing plate 101 and two upright plates 102;

[0113] The bearing plate 101 is fixedly installed on the top of the load mounting platform 1;

[0114] On the front and rear sides of the top of the bearing plate 101, a vertical plate 102 is respectively provided (for example, by welding, in which case both the bearing plate 101 and the vertical plate 102 are steel plates).

[0115] The gap between the two upright plates 102 is used to place the cylinder 1000 that needs to be tested for fatigue.

[0116] The two upright plates 102 are connected to the rear cover of the cylinder 1000 via a longitudinally distributed first connecting shaft 103.

[0117] In specific implementation, a longitudinally penetrating connecting shaft mounting hole 1020 is provided on the upper part of each of the two upright plates 102;

[0118] The two connecting shaft mounting holes 1020 are symmetrically distributed front and back;

[0119] The rear cover of the cylinder 1000 is provided with a longitudinally penetrating cylinder through hole;

[0120] It should be noted that the first connecting shaft 103 passes through the cylinder through hole and the two connecting shaft mounting holes 1020 corresponding to the position, and the first connecting shaft 103 (which is a flat-head snap ring pin) protrudes forward from the part of the upright plate 102 located in front, and is fixedly connected to the two snap rings.

[0121] In practice, both the front and rear ends of the bearing plate 101 are connected to the load mounting platform 1 by connecting bolts and positioning pins.

[0122] It should be noted that the locating pin is used to prevent the bearing plate from sliding.

[0123] In practice, a clamping mechanism is also provided at the top right end of the bearing plate 101;

[0124] The clamping mechanism includes two vertically distributed connecting columns 104 (i.e., uprights);

[0125] Two connecting columns 104 are fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the top right end of the bearing plate 101, and are located on the outer side of the two upright plates 102.

[0126] The two connecting columns 104 are symmetrically distributed front and back;

[0127] The tops of the two connecting columns 104 are respectively connected to the front and rear ends of a longitudinally distributed pressing and positioning plate 105;

[0128] The right end of a clamping and positioning horizontal plate 106 is fixedly connected to the middle position of the bottom surface of the clamping and positioning vertical plate 105.

[0129] The bottom surface of the pressing positioning plate 106 is used to make tight contact with the top surface of the middle part of the cylinder.

[0130] In practice, each connecting post 104 has a screw 107 vertically installed at the top center;

[0131] The front and rear ends of the clamping positioning plate 105 are provided with a vertical through hole for mounting screws at the position corresponding to each screw 107.

[0132] The upper end of each screw 107 is threadedly fixed to the internal threaded hole of a nut 108 after passing through a screw mounting through hole corresponding to the position.

[0133] It should be noted that, in this invention, when the cylinder is placed between the two vertical plates 102 and the rear cover of the cylinder is connected to the two vertical plates 102 via the first connecting shaft 103, the design of the pressing positioning longitudinal plate 105 and the pressing positioning transverse plate 106 can clamp the cylinder on the upper surface (i.e., the top surface) of the cylinder by the pressing positioning transverse plate 106, preventing the cylinder from sliding during operation.

[0134] In this invention, specifically, the transmission structure 200 includes a connector body 201 and a connecting pin 202;

[0135] The left end of the connector body 201 is connected to the piston rod 1001 on the right side of the cylinder 1000 (the piston rod has a longitudinal through hole);

[0136] The right end of the connector body 201 is connected to the left end of the connecting pin 202;

[0137] The right end of the connecting pin 202 is hinged to the left end of the transversely distributed rack 203;

[0138] The top of the rack 203 is provided with multiple teeth that are evenly spaced.

[0139] The teeth at the top of the rack 203 mesh with a gear 206;

[0140] A support base 204 is provided at each of the left and right ends of the bottom of the rack 203;

[0141] Each support 204 has a transversely distributed rack receiving groove at its top (the groove is open at the top for inserting the rack);

[0142] The left and right ends of the rack 203 are respectively located in the rack receiving grooves on the top of the two support seats 204;

[0143] It should be noted that the two support seats 204 are fixed to the mounting plate 110 at the top right end of the load mounting platform 1 by fixing pins 210; the rack 203 can move laterally left and right in the support seats 204.

[0144] A drive shaft 2060 is longitudinally disposed in the gear 206 (the drive shaft 2060 is connected to the keyway on the gear via a key).

[0145] The front and rear ends of the drive shaft 2060 are pivotally connected (i.e. rotatably connected) to the upper part of a support column 205, respectively.

[0146] Two support columns 205 are fixedly installed on the mounting plate 110 at the top right end of the load mounting platform 1; a pad 209 is provided between the support column 205 and the mounting plate 110.

[0147] It should be noted that the two support columns 5 are fixed to the load mounting platform 1 by locating pins and bolts;

[0148] It should be noted that each of the two support columns 5 has a drive shaft mounting hole at its upper part;

[0149] The front and rear ends of the drive shaft 2060 are respectively located in the drive shaft mounting holes of the two support columns 5 (specifically, with clearance fit). When the rack 203 moves laterally left and right, the rack 203 meshes with the gear 206 for transmission.

[0150] In specific implementation, the left end of the connector body 201 has a horizontally distributed cylinder piston rod receiving groove 2011;

[0151] The cylinder piston rod receiving groove 2011 has openings on the left side and the top and bottom sides (i.e., it is not sealed and is completely open);

[0152] On the front and rear sides of the cylinder piston rod receiving groove 2011, there is a first piston rod through hole and a second piston rod through hole, respectively.

[0153] The first piston rod threaded connection hole and the second piston rod threaded connection hole are symmetrically distributed front and back (both are internal threaded holes);

[0154] The right end of the piston rod 1001 on the right side of cylinder 1000 is provided with a longitudinally penetrating piston rod through hole;

[0155] The right end of the piston rod 1001 on the right side of the cylinder 1000 is connected to the left end of the connector body 201 through a first hinge pin 207. The first hinge pin 207 passes through the second piston rod through hole, the piston rod through hole and the first piston rod through hole in sequence, and the part of the first hinge pin 207 (which is a flat-head snap ring pin) located in front of the first piston rod through hole is fixedly connected to a snap ring.

[0156] It should be noted that the connector body 201 is a cuboid with an elongated groove in the middle, and the right end of the cylinder piston rod receiving groove 2011 is fan-shaped when viewed from above.

[0157] In specific implementation, the left and right ends of the connecting pin 202 each have a horizontally distributed long connecting rod 2021 and a flat part 2022;

[0158] The long connecting rod 2021 has external threads;

[0159] The right end of the connector body 201 is provided with a transversely distributed internal threaded through hole 2010;

[0160] The internal thread of the threaded through hole 2010 in the connector body is threadedly fixedly connected to the external thread of the long connecting rod 2021.

[0161] In practice, the external thread of the long connecting rod 2021 is also threadedly connected to the internal thread of a first locking nut 2023;

[0162] The left side of the first locking nut 2023 is in abutting contact with the right side of the connector body 201, thereby achieving the locking function.

[0163] It should be noted that, for the present invention, the connection distance between the connector body 201 and the connecting pin 202 can be adjusted by the screw length of the thread at the long connecting rod 2021 into the threaded through hole 2010 in the connector body, and can be locked by the locking nut 2023 on the connecting pin 202.

[0164] In specific implementation, a longitudinal through hole 20221 is provided on the flat part 2022;

[0165] The left end of the rack 203 is provided with a laterally distributed flat section receiving groove;

[0166] The flat section has openings on the left side and the top and bottom sides (i.e., it is not sealed and is completely open);

[0167] The flat portion 2022 of the connecting pin 202 is located in the receiving groove of the flat portion;

[0168] On the front and rear sides of the flat section receiving groove, a first rack through hole and a second rack through hole are respectively provided at positions corresponding to the flat section through hole 20221;

[0169] The flat portion 2022 of the connecting pin 202 is hinged to the left end of the rack 203 via a longitudinally distributed second hinge pin 208.

[0170] It should be noted that the second hinge pin 208 passes through the second rack through hole, the flat through hole 20221 and the first rack through hole at the corresponding position, and the part of the second hinge pin 208 (which is a flat-head snap ring pin) located in front of the first rack through hole is fixedly connected to a snap ring.

[0171] It should be noted that, in this invention, one end of the connecting pin 202 is a flat structure (i.e., flat portion 2022), and there is a connecting hole (i.e., flat portion through hole 20221) in the center of the flat portion 2022. The other end is a long connecting rod 2021 with external threads. The long connecting rod at one end of the connecting pin is screwed into the internal thread at one end of the connector body. The connection distance is adjusted by the screwing length of the long connecting rod, and it is locked by the locking nut on the connecting pin.

[0172] In this invention, specifically, the loading force structure 300 includes a cam 301, a connecting fastening rod 302, two bosses 303, two support frames 304, two brake shoes 305, and a second locking nut 306.

[0173] Two support frames 304 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides and are set on the mounting plate 110 at the top right end of the load mounting platform 1;

[0174] A brake shoe 305 is hinged to the middle of each support frame 304;

[0175] The shape of the opposite side (i.e. the inner side) of the two brake shoes 305 is a concave arc shape;

[0176] On the middle of the opposite side of the two brake shoes 305, there is a boss 303 (i.e., a raised end);

[0177] Each boss 303 is hinged to the middle of the adjacent support frame 300 (specifically, it is hinged by a pin, and the boss and the support frame have hinge connection holes for the pin to pass through).

[0178] Cam 301 is disposed on the outer surface (i.e. sleeved) of transmission shaft 2060 mounted in gear 206 of transmission structure 200;

[0179] Cam 301 is located directly behind gear 206 and between two brake shoes 305 (directly corresponding to the two brake shoes 305);

[0180] In practice, on the opposite side of the two brake shoes 305, there is an arc-shaped friction strip (e.g., a rubber strip with a rough friction surface) provided (e.g., bonded).

[0181] In practice, a second locking nut 206 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the support frame 304 on the left side;

[0182] The second locking nut 206 has a transverse through-hole for connecting fastening rod thread;

[0183] The horizontally distributed connecting fastening rod 302, after passing through the threaded through hole of the connecting fastening rod laterally, has its right end connected to the upper part of the support frame 304 located on the right.

[0184] In practice, the upper part of the support frame 304 on the right is hinged to the right end of a hinge joint 3040.

[0185] The left end of the hinge joint 3040 has a vertically distributed connecting plate;

[0186] The connecting plate is provided with a transverse through-hole;

[0187] The right end of the connecting fastening rod 302 has an external thread;

[0188] The external thread on the right end of the connecting fastening rod 302 is threadedly connected to the connecting threaded hole on the connecting plate.

[0189] In specific implementation, a support boss 1101 is provided on the left and right sides of the rear side of the mounting plate 110 at the top right end of the load mounting platform 1.

[0190] The lower ends of the two support frames 304 are respectively hinged to a support boss 1101 (specifically through a hinge shaft, which passes longitudinally through the through hole reserved on the support frame 304 and the support boss 1101).

[0191] It should be noted that the connecting fastening rod 302 (also called a pull rod) is a threaded rod with external threads on its surface. It connects two support frames 304. By rotating the connecting fastening rod 302, the two support frames 304 can be pulled, causing the upper and middle parts of the two support frames 304 to move closer together and tilt, thereby causing the two brake shoes 305 to move relative to each other. The two brake shoes 305 clamp the cam 301 between them, thereby applying friction to the cam 301 and loading the load. At the same time, by adjusting the tightness of the clamping between the two brake shoes 305, the load force can be adjusted to match the load of the cylinder.

[0192] Since both the cam 301 and the gear 206 are mounted on the transmission shaft 2060, and the gear meshes with the rack, when a load force is applied to the cam 301, a load force is also applied to the rack, which in turn applies a load force to the piston rod connected to the rack.

[0193] Since the piston rod 1001 of the cylinder 1000 will perform lateral extension and retraction during operation, it will drive the transmission structure 200 (specifically the rack 203) to move laterally together. The load force on the rack 203 will act on the piston rod, allowing the cylinder to perform operation under load conditions.

[0194] Based on the above structural design, the test bench of the present invention can apply a load force to the cylinder, so that the cylinder can perform lateral extension and retraction under load conditions.

[0195] In this invention, specifically, in order to control the switching of cylinder 1000 and thus control the extension and retraction state of cylinder 1000, the test bench provided by this invention also includes an electrical device.

[0196] The electrical device can switch the air path and set the switching time, and can be operated manually or in conjunction with other devices, and can record the number of actions.

[0197] Electrical device for controlling the switching of the air path of cylinder 1000, the time interval, and the recording of the number of actions (the action is the extension and retraction movement, each extension and retraction movement includes one extension movement and one retraction movement).

[0198] See Figure 18 As shown in the figure, the air path of cylinder 1000 includes a main air source (e.g., an air compressor) 2001, a ball valve 2002, an air filter 2003, an oil mist lubricator 2004, a pressure regulating valve 2005, and a three-way valve 2006 (which can be a three-way ball valve depending on the specific needs).

[0199] The outlet of the main air source (e.g., an air compressor) 2001 is connected to the inlet of the tee 2006 through a connecting pipe that is sequentially equipped with a ball valve 2002, an air filter 2003, an oil mist lubricator 2004 and a pressure regulating valve 2005.

[0200] The two outlets of the three-way valve 2006 are respectively connected to the inlet of a two-position three-way solenoid valve 2007;

[0201] One outlet of each of the two two-position three-way solenoid valves 2007 is connected to the air inlet and air outlet of the cylinder 1000, respectively.

[0202] In practice, a pressure gauge (i.e., an air pressure gauge) 2008 is installed on the connecting pipe between the pressure regulating valve 2005 and the tee 2006.

[0203] It should be noted that, in this invention, the outlet of the main air source is connected to a ball valve, after which an air filter, oil mist lubricator, pressure regulating valve, and pressure gauge are connected. After passing through a three-way valve, two air paths are formed. Each air path is connected to a two-position three-way solenoid valve. The outlet of the two-position three-way solenoid valve is connected to a hose and then to the cylinder's interface (e.g., air inlet or outlet). The control panel in the electrical device is used to control the two-position three-way solenoid valves in the air paths. When one two-position three-way solenoid valve is opened, the other two-position three-way solenoid valve is closed. The opened air path is connected to the rear end of the cylinder, and the cylinder piston rod extends. Then, the two-position three-way solenoid valve is closed at this time, and the other two-position three-way solenoid valve is opened, connecting the front air path of the cylinder, and the cylinder retracts. Therefore, in practical implementation, this invention can control the on / off time of the two-position three-way solenoid valve through the electrical device to form the air path switching, thus forming a complete cylinder action.

[0204] For specific implementation details, see [link / reference] Figures 17a to 17c As shown, the electrical device includes a housing 3001, a control panel 3002, and internal electrical components (including a time relay and a counter). The control panel is mounted on the surface of the housing and is PLC-controlled. The control panel can set the action time interval, the on / off state of the solenoid valve, and the number of cylinder actions. The electrical components are located in the middle partition of the housing. The control panel controls the internal electrical components. The time relay controls the on / off state of the two-position three-way solenoid valve, which controls the air path of cylinder 1000. When a command is issued, the two-position three-way solenoid valve on one side opens, and the two-position three-way solenoid valve on the other side closes. When the air path is open, the cylinder piston rod extends; conversely, when it is closed, the cylinder piston rod retracts. The time interval set by the time relay is the time interval between the cylinder extension and retraction. The counter is connected to the two-position three-way solenoid valve to collect the on / off state of the valve and record the number of cylinder actions. The main air source introduces two air paths, each connected to a two-position three-way electrically controlled valve. The outlet of the valve is a cylinder hose, connected to the threaded interfaces at the front and rear ends of the cylinder. The electrical system controls the valve via a program to open and close the air paths.

[0205] In this invention, the time relay in the electrical device is connected to the control terminals of two two-position three-way solenoid valves 2007 respectively, and is used to alternately control the two two-position three-way solenoid valves 2007 to perform power-on and power-off operations within a preset time interval.

[0206] It should be noted that the interval set for the time relay, i.e., the extension and retraction time of the cylinder, should meet the cylinder's operating time. The control panel in the electrical system controls the time relay in the electrical components. The time relay controls the two-position three-way solenoid valves. One of the two two-position three-way solenoid valves is energized, and the other is de-energized. The two valves are used alternately, forming the time interval, i.e., the extension and retraction of the cylinder. The cylinder's extension and retraction control principle is a conventional existing technology and will not be elaborated here.

[0207] In practice, the counter in the electrical device is connected to any two-position three-way solenoid valve (for example, it can be connected in parallel with the two-position three-way solenoid valve and connected to the power supply terminal of the solenoid valve) to collect the total number of times the two-position three-way solenoid valve is turned on and off. The counter is collected once when the cylinder extends and once when it retracts, thereby recording the number of times the cylinder moves.

[0208] It should be noted that the cylinder fatigue test bench provided by this invention is easy to install and has a reasonable mechanism design. It is a scientifically designed test device that is easy to use.

[0209] It should be noted that, after testing, the cylinder fatigue test bench provided by this invention is designed for the cylinders of hump car reducers in the current domestic railway industry. It is applicable to all pneumatic gravity-type vehicle reducer cylinders, filling the current technical gap in fatigue testing in the field of hump car reducers. It can be used for fatigue testing of all hump pneumatic gravity-type vehicle reducer cylinders in China.

[0210] For this invention, the cylinders applicable to the pneumatic gravity-type vehicle reducer can be, for example, cylinders of models T.JK1-D and T.JK4 manufactured by Tianjin Railway Signal Co., Ltd., collectively referred to as cylinder assemblies. The function of the cylinders in the pneumatic gravity-type vehicle reducer is as follows: when the main air source enters the rear end of the cylinder assembly through the air duct, the piston rod of the cylinder assembly extends, driving the push rod mechanism of the vehicle reducer to move, causing the vehicle reducer to brake and clamp the wheels, thus achieving friction braking of the railway vehicle; when the main air source enters the front end of the cylinder assembly through the air duct, the piston rod of the cylinder assembly retracts, driving the push rod mechanism of the vehicle reducer to move, causing the vehicle reducer to release and release the wheels of the railway vehicle.

[0211] This invention features a scientifically designed structure that can apply load force according to the cylinder's load capacity. The electrical system reliably records the cylinder's operation, making it easy to operate and providing accurate testing. The development of this test bench fills a gap in fatigue testing of cylinders in hump-type gravity vehicle reducers at railway marshalling yards.

[0212] To better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the working process of the present invention is described below.

[0213] First, fix the bearing plate 101 in the load mounting structure 100 onto the load mounting platform 1;

[0214] Then, the rear cover of the cylinder 1000 is connected to the vertical plate 102 on the support plate 101 by the first connecting shaft 103. The cylinder is pressed by the clamping mechanism (specifically including the clamping positioning longitudinal plate 105 and the clamping positioning transverse plate 106). The piston rod of the cylinder is connected to the connector body. The connector body is connected to the rack by the connecting pin. The support seat supports the rack. The gear is meshed with the rack and is set on the transmission shaft. The cam is also set on the transmission shaft. The magnitude of the friction force applied to the cam by the brake shoes 305 on the two support frames in the loading force structure 300 can be adjusted by connecting the fastening rod 302 and the second locking nut.

[0215] Finally, by connecting the cylinder to a ventilation source, the cylinder is driven to move. The cylinder pulls the rack with load force to perform lateral reciprocating motion, thereby realizing the cylinder testing process.

[0216] In practical implementation, based on the test bench provided by this invention, maintenance personnel can manually conduct fatigue tests on the normal working time of the cylinder, testing the working state of the cylinder after a preset continuous working time. For example, when it is necessary to test whether the cylinder can continuously perform lateral reciprocating motion (i.e., extension and retraction) within a preset time (e.g., 30 hours) required by the user, the timer can be started in real time after the cylinder is turned on. After the preset time is reached, if the cylinder can still perform normal extension and retraction and there are no preset problems on the cylinder (e.g., cylinder leakage and abnormal noise; the specific types of problems can be defined according to the user's needs), then it is determined that the cylinder can reach the service life of the preset continuous working time (e.g., 30 hours). Otherwise, it is determined that the cylinder does not meet the user's requirements for the continuous working service life of the cylinder.

[0217] It should be noted that when the forward air source is connected, the cylinder piston rod extends under the load force via rack and pinion transmission; when the reverse air source is connected, the cylinder piston rod retracts under the load force.

[0218] In practice, the reversal of the air source, the interval between actions, and the number of actions can all be controlled by electrical devices. In this case, all tests can be carried out continuously after installation without the need for frequent manual maintenance, making it an economical and practical testing device.

[0219] In this invention, the electrical device is capable of controlling the switching of the air path, the time interval, and the number of recorded actions to realize the testing process.

[0220] In specific implementation of this invention, the electrical device enclosure has an operation panel on its surface, programmed with a PLC. The operation panel controls a time relay element inside the enclosure, which in turn controls the operation of an electrically controlled valve in the pneumatic circuit. The pneumatic circuit has two air supply lines, connected to the front and rear ends of the cylinder respectively. Each air supply line has a two-position three-way electrically controlled valve. The on / off time is set on the operation panel, which corresponds to the on / off time of the time relay and also the opening and closing of the two-position three-way electrically controlled valve, thus creating alternating air supply, which corresponds to the cylinder's extension and retraction. When the two-position three-way electrically controlled valve actuates, a counter collects the number of actuations, accumulating these counts to form a complete test process.

[0221] In practical operation, when performing fatigue tests on cylinders, if the total stroke of the piston rod reaches 300km, there is no leakage at any connection point of the cylinder, and the internal and external leakage at the piston rod position is within the specified leakage requirements, and the internal parts of the cylinder are not damaged or deformed when disassembled, then the cylinder is judged to have reached the designed service life requirement; otherwise, the cylinder is judged not to have reached the designed service life requirement.

[0222] It should be noted that, for this invention, when the cylinder is installed on the test bench, a ventilation source is connected, and the ventilation source switching time of the electrical device is adjusted to control the extension or retraction of the cylinder piston rod. Simultaneously, the control cabinet records the number of cylinder movements. The total stroke of the cylinder is calculated based on the number of cylinder movements. When the loading force mechanism acts on the pushing mechanism, the cylinder operates under load. When a stroke of 300km is reached, the cylinder fatigue test is completed. If it is successfully completed, the product's durability test is qualified; otherwise, it is unqualified. A sealing test is performed on the cylinder's connection parts. If no bubbles are generated, the product's sealing performance is qualified; otherwise, it is unqualified. The cylinder's leakage performance is tested. If it meets the requirements, the product's leakage performance is qualified; otherwise, it is unqualified. After disassembling the cylinder for testing, observe whether any components are damaged or deformed. If none are found, the product is qualified; otherwise, it is unqualified.

[0223] Compared with the prior art, the cylinder fatigue test bench provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0224] 1. The cylinder fatigue test bench provided by the present invention can meet the installation requirements of all cylinders of the hump pneumatic vehicle reducer and can meet the fatigue test requirements under load conditions.

[0225] 2. The cylinder fatigue test bench provided by the present invention uses a rack and pinion meshing transmission device, which transmits force directly without force loss.

[0226] 3. The cylinder fatigue test bench provided by the present invention can meet the use of different load forces, the load force is easy to adjust, and the load force does not rebound after adjustment.

[0227] 4. The cylinder fatigue test bench provided by the present invention is easy to install and requires no frequent maintenance after adjustment, and can achieve automatic testing.

[0228] In summary, compared with the prior art, the cylinder fatigue test bench provided by this invention has a scientifically designed structure, which can conveniently and reliably conduct fatigue tests on the cylinders of vehicle reducers, determine the service life of the cylinders, meet the fatigue test requirements of cylinders, and is conducive to widespread application, thus having significant practical significance.

[0229] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fatigue testing bench for cylinders, characterized in that, Including a horizontally distributed load mounting platform (1); The top left and right ends of the load mounting platform (1) are respectively provided with a load mounting structure (100) and a transmission structure (200). The transmission structure (200) is connected to the loading force structure (300); A load mounting structure (100) is used to mount a cylinder that needs to undergo fatigue testing; A loading force structure (300) is used to load and form a load force, and to apply the load force to the transmission structure (200); The transmission structure (200) is connected to the piston rod (1001) on the right side of the cylinder (1000) and is used to transmit the load force applied by the loading force structure (300) to the cylinder (1000) and apply a load to the cylinder. The loading force structure (300) includes a cam (301), a connecting fastening rod (302), two bosses (303), two support frames (304), two brake shoes (305), and a second locking nut (306). Two support frames (304) are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides and are set on the mounting plate (110) at the top right end of the load mounting platform (1); A brake shoe (305) is hinged to the middle of each support frame (304). The shape of the opposite side of the two brake shoes (305) is a concave arc shape; On the middle of the opposite side of the two brake shoes (305), a boss (303) is provided respectively. Each boss (303) is hinged to the middle of the adjacent support frame (304); A cam (301) is disposed on the outer surface of a drive shaft (2060) mounted in a gear (206) of a transmission structure (200); The cam (301) is located directly behind the gear (206) and is positioned directly opposite the two brake shoes (305); A second locking nut (306) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the support frame (304) on the left side. The second locking nut (306) has a transverse through-hole for connecting fastening rod thread; The horizontally distributed connecting fastening rod (302) passes through the threaded through hole of the connecting fastening rod laterally, and its right end is connected to the upper part of the support frame (304) located on the right.

2. The fatigue test bench for cylinders as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The load mounting structure (100) includes a bearing plate (101) and two upright plates (102). The bearing plate (101) is fixedly installed on the top of the load mounting platform (1); On the front and rear sides of the top of the bearing plate (101), a vertical plate (102) is respectively installed. The gap between the two upright plates (102) is used to place the cylinder (1000) that needs to be tested for fatigue. The two upright plates (102) are connected to the rear cover of the cylinder (1000) via a longitudinally distributed first connecting shaft (103).

3. The fatigue test bench for cylinders as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A clamping mechanism is also provided at the top right end of the bearing plate (101); The clamping mechanism includes two vertically distributed connecting columns (104). Two connecting columns (104) are fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the top right end of the bearing plate (101) and located on the outer side of the two upright plates (102); The two connecting columns (104) are symmetrically distributed front and back; The tops of the two connecting columns (104) are respectively connected to the front and rear ends of a longitudinally distributed clamping and positioning plate (105); The right end of a clamping positioning horizontal plate (106) is fixedly connected to the middle position of the bottom surface of the clamping positioning vertical plate (105); The bottom surface of the pressing positioning plate (106) is used to make tight contact with the top surface of the middle part of the cylinder.

4. The fatigue test bench for cylinders as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Each connecting post (104) has a screw (107) vertically installed at the top center. The front and rear ends of the clamping positioning plate (105) are provided with a vertical through hole for mounting screws at the position corresponding to each screw (107); The upper end of each screw (107) is threadedly fixed to the internal threaded hole of a nut (108) after passing through a screw mounting through hole corresponding to the position.

5. The fatigue test bench for cylinders as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission structure (200) includes a connector body (201) and a connecting pin (202); The left end of the connector body (201) is connected to the piston rod (1001) on the right side of the cylinder (1000); The right end of the connector body (201) is connected to the left end of the connecting pin (202); The right end of the connecting pin (202) is hinged to the left end of the transversely distributed rack (203); The top of the rack (203) is provided with multiple teeth that are evenly spaced; The teeth at the top of the rack (203) mesh with a gear (206); A support base (204) is provided at each of the left and right ends of the bottom of the rack (203); Each support (204) has a transversely distributed rack receiving groove on its top; The left and right ends of the rack (203) are respectively located in the rack receiving grooves on the top of the two support seats (204); A drive shaft (2060) is longitudinally disposed in the gear (206). The front and rear ends of the drive shaft (2060) are respectively pivotally connected to the upper part of a support column (205); Two support columns (205) are fixedly installed on the mounting plate (110) at the top right end of the load mounting platform (1).

6. The fatigue test bench for cylinders as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The left and right ends of the connecting pin (202) have a horizontally distributed long connecting rod (2021) and a flat part (2022), respectively. The long connecting rod (2021) has external threads; The right end of the connector body (201) is provided with a transversely distributed internal threaded through hole (2010). The internal thread of the threaded through hole (2010) in the connector body is threadedly fixedly connected to the external thread of the long connecting rod (2021); The external thread of the long connecting rod (2021) is also threadedly connected to the internal thread of a first locking nut (2023); The left side of the first locking nut (2023) is in abutting contact with the right side of the connector body (201); The flat section (2022) is provided with a longitudinal through hole (20221). The left end of the rack (203) is provided with a laterally distributed flat section receiving groove; The flat section has openings on the left side and the top and bottom sides; The flat portion (2022) of the connecting pin (202) is located in the receiving groove of the flat portion; On the front and rear sides of the flat section receiving groove, a first rack through hole and a second rack through hole are respectively provided at positions corresponding to the flat section through hole (20221); The flat portion (2022) of the connecting pin (202) is hinged to the left end of the rack (203) via a longitudinally distributed second hinge pin (208).

7. The fatigue test bench for cylinders as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper part of the support frame (304) located on the right is hinged to the right end of a hinge joint (3040); The left end of the hinge joint (3040) has a vertically distributed connecting plate; The connecting plate is provided with a transverse through-hole; The right end of the connecting fastening rod (302) has external threads; The external thread at the right end of the connecting fastening rod (302) is threaded to the connecting threaded hole on the connecting plate; On the right side of the top right end of the load mounting platform (110), there is a support boss (1101) on the left and right sides respectively. The lower ends of the two support frames (304) are respectively hinged to a support boss (1101).

8. The fatigue test bench for cylinders as described in claim 1, characterized in that, On the opposite side of the two brake shoes (305), there is an arc-shaped friction strip.

9. The fatigue test bench for cylinders as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The air passage of the cylinder (1000) includes a main air source (2001), a ball valve (2002), an air filter (2003), an oil mist lubricator (2004), a pressure regulating valve (2005), and a three-way valve (2006). The outlet of the main air source (2001) is connected to the inlet of the tee (2006) through a connecting pipe that is sequentially equipped with a ball valve (2002), an air filter (2003), an oil mist lubricator (2004) and a pressure regulating valve (2005); The two outlets of the three-way valve (2006) are respectively connected to the inlet of a two-position three-way electrically controlled valve (2007); One outlet of each of the two two-position three-way electrically controlled valves (2007) is connected to the air inlet and air outlet of the cylinder (1000), respectively; The fatigue test bench for the cylinder also includes electrical devices; Electrical devices, including time relays and counters; The time relay is connected to the control terminals of two two-position three-way solenoid valves (2007) respectively, and is used to alternately control the two two-position three-way solenoid valves (2007) to perform energizing and de-energizing operations within a preset time interval; The counter in the electrical device is connected to any two-position three-way solenoid valve to collect the total number of times the two-position three-way solenoid valve is turned on and off, thereby recording the number of times the cylinder is operated.

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