Garlic seeder

Abstract

The application discloses a garlic seeding machine, which comprises a rack, a power device, a plant spacing adjusting device, a depth adjusting device, a planting device and a walking and hole pressing device; the rack is used for mounting the power device, the plant spacing adjusting device, the depth adjusting device, the planting device and the walking and hole pressing device; the power device is used for providing power for the plant spacing adjusting device and the walking and hole pressing device; the plant spacing adjusting device is used for adjusting plant spacing and transmitting power to the planting device; the depth adjusting device is used for adjusting the up-and-down position of the planting device; the planting device is used for planting garlic seeds; and the walking and hole pressing device is used for walking and pressing holes. The machine vision technology and the machine are effectively fused, the identification and adjustment problems of scale buds are solved, and the new technology based on the edge algorithm vision detection system can make the garlic head seeding more accurate and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a garlic planter, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery. Background Technology

[0002] Mechanized planting is more than 20 times more efficient than manual planting, and automating the planting process can significantly reduce costs. Garlic planting is a complex agronomical process that still requires manual planting, with the main technical bottleneck being the upright planting of individual garlic bulbs. While traditional machinery far surpasses manual planting efficiency, garlic bulbs planted horizontally in the soil often sprout poorly. Solving the problem of controlling the orientation of garlic bulbs to ensure they are planted vertically is the current technical challenge.

[0003] Currently, there are two main methods for manual sowing: furrow sowing and hole sowing. Hole sowing is an agronomic method we designed for our planters. It allows for single-seed planting, saving on garlic seed usage. Hole sowing involves drilling holes to a depth of about 3cm at predetermined row and plant spacing, then covering the holes with soil and compacting them.

[0004] This study analyzes the impact of garlic clove bud orientation on germination rate. Considering the complexity of garlic cultivation agronomy, the main technical bottleneck of garlic planters is upright planting. Therefore, developing a garlic planter with a simple structure that can identify the orientation of garlic clove buds is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a garlic planter, which serves two purposes: firstly, to construct a mechanical platform for garlic planting to address the shortcomings of manual planting; and secondly, to combine planting with machine vision to solve the problem of adjusting the direction of garlic bulbs.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is: a garlic planter, comprising a frame, a power unit, a plant spacing adjustment device 15, a depth adjustment device, a planting device 5, and a walking and pressing device; the frame is used to mount the power unit, the plant spacing adjustment device 15, the depth adjustment device, the planting device 5, and the walking and pressing device; the power unit is used to provide power to the plant spacing adjustment device 15 and the walking and pressing device; the plant spacing adjustment device 15 is used to adjust the plant spacing and transmit power to the planting device 5; the depth adjustment device is used to adjust the vertical position of the planting device 5; the planting device 5 is used to plant garlic seeds; and the walking and pressing device is used for moving and pressing holes.

[0007] The power unit is powered by a gasoline engine 13. The output shaft of the gasoline engine 13 is connected to the input shaft of a cylindrical two-stage reducer 14 via a friction coupling 32 for power transmission. After the cylindrical two-stage reducer 14 reduces the speed, the power is output through the power output shaft 28 via a chain drive into two paths, which respectively power the plant spacing adjustment device 15 and the walking and pressing device.

[0008] The plant spacing adjustment device 15 employs a sliding gear type gearbox, clutch device, and drive shaft 29. The sliding gear type gearbox moves the idler gear connector 44 on the gearbox output spline shaft 38 via the plant spacing adjuster adjustment handle 61, causing the gearbox idler gear 45 on the idler gear connector 44 to mesh with gears of different numbers of teeth on the gearbox input spline shaft 52, thereby achieving transmission with different reduction ratios. The drive fork 58 is used to engage the clutch device to disconnect or connect the power transmission of the drive shaft 29. The gearbox input spline shaft 52 and the power output shaft 28 in the power unit are connected by a chain drive, and the gearbox output spline shaft 38 and the drive shaft 29 are connected by a chain drive.

[0009] The depth adjustment device includes a first depth adjustment rotary rod assembly, a second depth adjustment rotary rod assembly, a depth adjustment bracket 26, and a side plate 30; wherein, one end of the depth adjustment bracket 26, the first depth adjustment rotary rod assembly, and the side plate 30 are fixed, and the other end of the depth adjustment bracket 26 and the second depth adjustment rotary rod assembly are fixed to the plant spacing adjuster housing II 50 in the plant spacing adjustment device; by rotating the depth adjustment rotary rod assembly, the planting device 5 fixed on the depth adjustment bracket 26 is moved up and down.

[0010] Both the first and second depth adjustment knob assemblies include a rectangular spiral screw 6, a depth adjustment handle 9, and a depth adjuster connecting rod 17. One end of the depth adjustment handle 9 is a free end, and the other end is connected to one end of the rectangular spiral screw 6 via the depth adjuster connecting rod 17. The other end of the rectangular spiral screw 6 is connected to the corresponding side bracket 27 and can move up and down along the side bracket 27. The connection between the depth adjuster connecting rod 17 and the rectangular spiral screw 6 in the first depth adjustment knob assembly is limited by a side plate 30, and the connection between the depth adjuster connecting rod 17 and the rectangular spiral screw 6 in the second depth adjustment knob assembly is limited by a plant spacing adjuster housing II 50.

[0011] The planting device 5 includes a garlic seed box 2, a seed guide tube 11, a conveying bracket 76, a sprocket II 79, a sprocket I 80, a chain 81, a sprocket III 82, a directional turning device, a pointed duckbill opening and closing mechanism 87, a furrow opener, and a soil covering wheel 85; wherein, the drive shaft 29 in the plant spacing adjustment device 15 passes through the sprocket I 80, providing power for the rotation of the chain 81; the sprocket I 80, sprocket II 79, and sprocket III are placed at the apex position of the conveying bracket 76, which is fixed to the depth adjustment device. Three sprockets form a triangular structure; several directional turning devices are installed on the chain 81. The chain 81 drives the directional turning devices to take seeds from the garlic seed box 2 and drives the directional turning devices to transport the garlic seeds to the inlet of the seed guide tube 11; the outlet of the seed guide tube 11 is connected to the pointed duckbill opening and closing mechanism 87; the soil covering wheel 85, the pointed duckbill opening and closing mechanism 87, and the furrow opener are arranged sequentially from one end to the other and are installed at the bottom of the conveying bracket 76, with the furrow opener close to the forward end.

[0012] The pointed duckbill opening and closing mechanism 87 includes a pointed push rod 63, a pointed beak housing 66, a servo motor 73, a connecting rod 77, a pointed beak opening and closing plate 78, a cam 83, a camshaft 84, and a force-sealing cam spring 86. One end of the pointed push rod 63 engages with the cam 83 mounted on the camshaft 84, and the other end of the pointed push rod 63 is fitted with the force-sealing cam spring 86 and passes through the transmission bracket 76 to connect with the pointed beak housing 66. The seed guide tube 11 communicates with the pointed beak housing 66. The servo motor 73 installed in the pointed beak housing 66 drives the connecting rod 77 to rotate. The rotation of the connecting rod 77 pushes the pointed beak opening and closing plate 78 to open and close the pointed beak housing 66.

[0013] The directional flipping device includes an L-shaped seed-collecting spoon 94, a servo motor 96, a servo motor bracket 97, and an outer chain plate fixing frame 98; wherein, the L-shaped seed-collecting spoon 94 is fixed on the servo motor 96, the servo motor 96 is mounted on the servo motor bracket 97, the servo motor bracket 97 is fixed on the outer chain plate fixing frame 98, and the outer chain plate fixing frame 98 is fixed to the chain 81.

[0014] The garlic seed extraction side of the L-shaped seed-collecting spoon 94 is arc-shaped, while the garlic seed identification side is flat.

[0015] It also includes a machine vision system 99, which is used to identify garlic seeds in the L-shaped seed-taking spoon 94 in the planting device 5; the machine vision system 99 drives the L-shaped seed-taking spoon 94 to rotate 90 degrees counterclockwise or clockwise according to the orientation of the garlic seed scales, so as to realize the garlic seed correction.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: In garlic cultivation, traditional mechanized cultivation cannot accurately control the direction of garlic cloves, which easily leads to problems such as low germination rate and poor growth after germination. The main advantage of the garlic planter using machine vision is that it effectively integrates machine vision technology and mechanics, solving the problem of bud identification and adjustment. Furthermore, the new technology based on edge algorithm vision detection system can make garlic planting more precise and efficient. The cam-type duckbill opening and closing device design further solves the problem of vertical garlic bulb insertion into the soil after planting. The directional flipping mechanism uses a servo motor to drive the L-shaped seed-picking spoon, and the directional flipping mechanism achieves single-seed picking through a structure connected to the conveyor chain, greatly improving the reliability of seed picking and the level of mechanical intelligence. Each module has been rationally designed and precisely verified. Using the Motion kinematics analysis plugin in Solidworks software, simulation analysis was performed on each part. All parts operate smoothly without interference, have good anti-interference capabilities, and can meet the conditions for field production. In practical applications, it is easy to operate, with adjustable planting depth and plant spacing; the sowing speed is 0.6-1.6 m / s; a single sowing can cover 0.3 acres; it greatly improves the accuracy of garlic cloves entering the soil, and significantly increases the positive germination rate. Intelligent garlic planting is currently the main development trend in garlic planting. This specially designed garlic planter is suitable for mechanized and large-scale planting in flat and hilly areas. While ensuring a smooth and fast operation process, its compact size is also more conducive to standardized operations. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is an overall side view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is an axial view of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the strain adjustment device of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is an axial view of the strain adjustment device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is an internal installation view of the plant spacing adjustment device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is an axial view of the clutch device in the plant spacing adjustment device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is an axial view of the frame and depth adjustment device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the depth adjustment device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 9This is an axial view of the side plate in the depth adjustment device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the side plate in the depth adjustment device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 11 Install axial view for the planting device of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 12 Install axial view for the planting device of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 13 Install axial view for the planting device of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0030] Figure 14 Install axial view for the planting device of the present invention Figure 4 ;

[0031] Figure 15 This is an exploded view of the planting device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 16 An axial view of the pointed duckbill opening and closing mechanism in the planting device of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 17 This is an internal axial view of the pointed duckbill opening and closing mechanism in the planting device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 18 This is an axial view of the directional flipping device in the planting apparatus of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 19 These are three views of the L-shaped seed-collecting spoon of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 20 This is an assembly view of the L-shaped seed-collecting spoon and chain of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 21 This is an axial view of the garlic seed box structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 22 This is a perspective view of the depth adjustment bracket of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 23 This is a perspective view of the main crossbeam frame of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 24 This is a perspective view of the frame-side support of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 25 This is a Micro USB circuit diagram of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 26The circuit diagrams for AMS1117 and TPS73101DBVR of this invention are shown below.

[0043] Figure 27 This is a circuit diagram of the LED indicator of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 28 This is a diagram showing the power supply and pinout for the camera in this invention.

[0045] Figure 29 This is a circuit diagram of the SD card slot of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 30 This is a flowchart illustrating the identification process of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 31 The effect of the directional flipping mechanism rotating 90 degrees counterclockwise before and after;

[0048] Figure 32 The image shows the effect of the directional flipping mechanism rotating 90 degrees clockwise before and after.

[0049] Labels in the diagram: 1-Handle handle, 2-Garlic seed box, 3-Pressure plate shaft, 4-Walking wheel drive chain, 5-Planting device, 6-Rectangular screw, 7-Gearbox drive chain, 9-Depth adjustment hand crank, 10-Conical funnel, 11-Seed guide tube, 12-Plant spacing adjuster input drive chain, 13-Gas engine, 14-Cylindrical two-stage reducer, 15-Plant spacing adjustment device, 16-Power output sprocket I, 17-Depth adjustment linkage, 20-Walking power output chain, 21-Walking input sprocket, 22-Pressure plate, 23-Pressure plate spring, 24-Rear walking wheel, 25-Bearing seat, 26- - Depth adjustment bracket, 27- Side bracket, 28- Power output shaft, 29- Drive shaft, 30- Side plate, 31- Funnel bracket, 32- Friction coupling, 33- Main crossbeam frame, 34- Front travel wheel, 35- Power output sprocket II, 36- Plant spacing adjuster output drive sprocket, 37- Axial set screw, 38- Gearbox output spline shaft, 41- Gearbox driven wheel, 42- Plant spacing adjuster housing I, 43- Gearbox idler shaft, 44- Idler gear connector, 45- Gearbox idler, 47- Gearbox housing, 50- Plant spacing adjuster housing II, 51- Plant spacing adjustment hexagonal flat head Bolt, 52-Gearbox input splined shaft, 53-Plant spacing adjuster input drive sprocket, 54-Rhomboid bearing housing, 57-Shift fork locking nut, 58-Shift fork, 59-Shift fork locking bolt, 60-Clutch drive inner bushing, 61-Plant spacing adjuster adjustment handle, 63-Pointed push rod, 64-Gear shift indicator housing, 66-Pointed nozzle housing, 67-Clutch drive outer bushing, 68-Clutch snap ring, 69-Gearbox inlaid bearing, 70-Circumferential positioning nut, 71-Shaft retaining ring, 72-Clutch sprocket, 73-Steering motor, 74-Bearing side end cover, 75-Planting device bearing. 76-Conveyor bracket, 77-Connecting rod, 78-Pointed beak opening and closing plate, 79-Sprocket II, 80-Sprocket I, 81-Chain, 82-Sprocket III, 83-Cam, 84-Camshaft, 85-Soil covering wheel, 86-Force-sealed cam spring, 87-Pointed duckbill opening and closing mechanism, 88-Furrow opener bearing, 89-Furrow opener bearing end cap, 90-Furrowing disc, 91-Scraper I, 92-Furrow opener bracket, 93-Scraper II, 94-L-type seed scoop, 95-Garlic conveying device screw, 96-Servo motor, 97-Servo motor bracket, 98-Outer chain plate fixing frame, 99-Machine vision system. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the description.

[0051] like Figure 1As shown, a garlic planter includes a frame, a power unit, a plant spacing adjustment device 15, a depth adjustment device, a planting device 5, and a walking and pressing device. The frame is used to mount the power unit, the plant spacing adjustment device 15, the depth adjustment device, the planting device 5, and the walking and pressing device. The power unit provides power to the plant spacing adjustment device 15 and the walking and pressing device. The plant spacing adjustment device 15 is used to adjust the plant spacing and transmit power to the planting device 5. The depth adjustment device is used to adjust the vertical position of the planting device 5. The planting device 5 is used to plant garlic seeds. The walking and pressing device is used for moving and pressing holes.

[0052] Furthermore, the frame includes side supports 27 and a main crossbeam 33. One end of the left and right side supports 27 is connected to the main crossbeam 33 by bolts. The handle 1 is connected to the pre-drilled bolt holes on the left and right side supports 27, and the bolts are inserted into the holes to complete the connection. The depth adjustment device has a depth adjustment bracket 26 inserted into the rectangular slots on the left and right side supports 27 and secured with bolts. There are two parallel front wheels 34 and a rear wheels 24 that can rotate. The two wheels are installed with the left and right side supports 27 through bearing seats 25.

[0053] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the power unit is powered by a gasoline engine 13. The output shaft of the gasoline engine 13 is connected to the input shaft of a cylindrical two-stage reducer 14 via a friction coupling 32 for power transmission. After the cylindrical two-stage reducer 14 reduces the speed, the power is output through the power output shaft 28 via a chain drive into two paths, which respectively power the plant spacing adjustment device 15 and the walking and pressing device.

[0054] The power output sprocket I 16 mounted on the power output shaft 28 provides power to the front traveling wheel 34 through the traveling power output chain 20 and the traveling input sprocket 21; the front traveling wheel 34 is connected to the rear traveling wheel 24 through the traveling wheel transmission chain 4, making the transmission smoother; the power output sprocket II 35 mounted on the power output shaft 28 of the cylindrical two-stage reducer 14 provides power to the plant spacing adjustment device 15 through the plant spacing adjuster input transmission chain 12; wherein, the keyways on the input shaft and the power output shaft 28 of the cylindrical two-stage reducer 14 are circumferentially positioned using flat keys.

[0055] Furthermore, such as Figures 3-6As shown, the plant spacing adjustment device 15 adopts a sliding gear type gearbox, clutch device, and drive shaft 29. The sliding gear type gearbox moves the idler gear connector 44 on the gearbox output spline shaft 38 by adjusting the plant spacing adjuster handle 61, which drives the gearbox idler gear 45 on the idler gear connector 44 to mesh with gears with different numbers of teeth on the gearbox input spline shaft 52 to achieve transmission with different reduction ratios. The drive fork 58 is used to activate the clutch device to cut off or connect the power transmission of the drive shaft 29. The gearbox input spline shaft 52 and the power output shaft 28 in the power unit are connected by chain drive, and the gearbox output spline shaft 38 and the drive shaft 29 are connected by chain drive.

[0056] Specifically, the plant spacing adjustment device 15 can be configured to include a plant spacing adjuster output transmission sprocket 36, an axial set screw 37, a gearbox output shaft spline 38, a gearbox driven wheel 41, a plant spacing adjuster housing I 42, a gearbox idler shaft 43, an idler gear connector 44, a gearbox idler wheel 45, a gearbox gearbox housing 47, a plant spacing adjuster housing II 50, a plant spacing adjustment hexagonal flat-head bolt 51, a gearbox input spline shaft 52, a plant spacing adjuster input transmission sprocket 53, a diamond-shaped bearing seat 54, a shift fork locking nut 57, a shift fork 58, a shift locking bolt 59, a clutch transmission inner bushing 60, a plant spacing adjuster adjustment handle 61, a gear shift indicator housing 64, a clutch transmission outer bushing 67, a clutch retaining ring 68, a gearbox embedded bearing 69, a circumferential positioning nut 70, a shaft retaining ring 71, and an internal hexagonal hole sprocket with clutch sprocket 72. This device is a gearbox with a sliding gear, and plant spacing adjustment can be achieved through speed change transmission. Specifically: The plant spacing adjuster housing I 42 and plant spacing adjuster housing II 50 are fastened together by the flat-head bolts 51 of the gearbox housing to form the outer shell of the machine plant spacing adjustment device. The gearbox housing 47 is embedded in the outer shell of the machine plant spacing adjustment device. The plant spacing adjuster adjustment handle 61 moves the idler gear connecting piece 44 on the gearbox output spline shaft 38, causing the gearbox idler gear 45 on the idler gear connecting piece 44 to mesh with gears with different numbers of teeth on the gearbox input spline shaft 52, realizing transmission with different reduction ratios. The gear position indicator on the gearbox housing 64 is also displayed. The gear position is identified by the markings; the transmission idler gear 45 meshes with the transmission driven gear 41; the transmission idler gear shaft 43, the transmission input spline shaft 52, the transmission output spline shaft 38, and the drive shaft 29 for mounting the clutch sprocket 72 are used to install the transmission idler gear 45; auxiliary positioning components such as axial set screws 37, transmission inlaid bearings 69, circumferential positioning nuts 70, and shaft retaining rings 71 are arranged on each shaft to ensure accurate movement direction at each position; among them, the gears with different numbers of teeth can be cylindrical gears with 24 teeth, cylindrical gears with 27 teeth, cylindrical gears with 30 teeth, etc.The plant spacing adjuster input drive sprocket 53, mounted on the input spline shaft 52 of the gearbox, is driven by the plant spacing adjuster input drive chain 12 in the power unit and the reducer output shaft sprocket II 35 in the power unit. Power is then transmitted to the plant spacing adjuster output drive sprocket 36 via the gearbox. The plant spacing adjuster output drive sprocket 36 engages with the clutch sprocket 72 via the gearbox drive chain 7. The clutch sprocket 72 is fixed to the rhomboid bearing seat 54 by a positioning pin, and the rhomboid bearing seat 54 is fixed to the plant spacing adjuster housing I 42. A clutch device is installed to ensure machine operation. The clutch device includes the clutch sprocket 72 and a clutch mechanism. The device includes an outer bushing 67 for the drive mechanism, a shift fork 58, an inner bushing 60 for the clutch drive mechanism, and a clutch retaining ring 68. The inner bushing 60 for the clutch drive mechanism is embedded in the outer bushing 67 for the clutch drive mechanism and is axially positioned by the clutch retaining ring 68. The shift fork 58 moves the outer bushing 67 for the clutch drive mechanism to engage with the clutch sprocket 72 to achieve power transmission of the regular hexagonal drive shaft. That is, the shift fork 58 can be used to disconnect or connect the power transmission of the regular hexagonal drive shaft. The shift fork 58 is fixed to the plant spacing adjuster housing I 42 by the shift fork locking nut 57 and the shift locking bolt 59 and can rotate around the shift locking bolt 59.

[0057] Furthermore, such as Figure 7-10 As shown, the depth adjustment device includes a first depth adjustment rotary rod assembly, a second depth adjustment rotary rod assembly, a depth adjustment bracket 26, and a side plate 30; wherein, one end of the depth adjustment bracket 26, the first depth adjustment rotary rod assembly, and the side plate 30 are fixed, and the other end of the depth adjustment bracket 26 and the second depth adjustment rotary rod assembly are fixed to the plant spacing adjuster housing II 50 in the plant spacing adjustment device; by rotating the depth adjustment rotary rod assembly, the planting device 5 fixed on the depth adjustment bracket 26 is moved up and down.

[0058] Furthermore, both the first and second depth adjustment knob assemblies include a rectangular spiral screw 6, a depth adjustment handle 9, and a depth adjuster connecting rod 17. One end of the depth adjustment handle 9 is a free end, and the other end is connected to one end of the rectangular spiral screw 6 via the depth adjuster connecting rod 17. The other end of the rectangular spiral screw 6 is connected to the corresponding side bracket 27 and can move up and down along the side bracket 27. The connection between the depth adjuster connecting rod 17 and the rectangular spiral screw 6 in the first depth adjustment knob assembly is limited by the side plate 30, and the connection between the depth adjuster connecting rod 17 and the rectangular spiral screw 6 in the second depth adjustment knob assembly is limited by the plant spacing adjuster housing II 50.

[0059] Specifically, the side plate 30 and the plant spacing adjuster housing II 50 in the plant spacing adjustment device can be fixed to the depth adjustment bracket 26 by bolts. The rectangular spiral screw 6 and the depth adjuster connecting rod 17 are inserted into the fixing holes of the side plate 30 and the plant spacing adjuster housing II 50, and the two rods are connected to complete the fixation. By manually rotating the depth adjustment hand crank 9, the rectangular spiral screw 6 is driven into the rectangular threaded holes on the left and right brackets 27. The planting device 5 fixed on the depth adjustment bracket 26 is adjusted to reach the appropriate position.

[0060] Furthermore, such as Figure 11-24 As shown, the planting device 5 includes a garlic seed box 2, a seed guide tube 11, a conveying bracket 76, sprocket II 79, sprocket I 80, a chain 81, sprocket III 82, a directional turning device, a pointed duckbill opening and closing mechanism 87, a furrow opener, and a soil covering wheel 85; wherein, the drive shaft 29 in the plant spacing adjustment device 15 passes through sprocket I 80, providing power for the rotation of chain 81; sprocket I 80, sprocket II 79, and sprocket III 82 are placed at the apex position of the conveying bracket 76, which is fixed to the depth adjustment device. The sprockets form a triangular structure; several directional turning devices are installed on the chain 81. The chain 81 drives the directional turning devices to move and take the garlic seeds from the garlic seed box 2, and drives the directional turning devices to transport the garlic seeds to the inlet of the seed guide tube 11; the outlet of the seed guide tube 11 is connected to the pointed duckbill opening and closing mechanism 87; the soil covering wheel 85, the pointed duckbill opening and closing mechanism 87, and the furrow opener are arranged sequentially from one end to the other and are installed at the bottom of the conveyor support 76. The furrow opener is close to the forward end, and the soil covering wheel 85 is far away from the forward end.

[0061] Furthermore, such as Figure 17 As shown, the pointed duckbill opening and closing mechanism 87 includes a pointed push rod 63, a pointed beak housing 66, a servo motor 73, a connecting rod 77, a pointed beak opening and closing plate 78, a cam 83, a camshaft 84, and a force-closing cam spring 86. One end of the pointed push rod 63 engages with the cam 83 mounted on the camshaft 84, and the other end of the pointed push rod 63 is fitted with the force-closing cam spring 86 and passes through the transmission bracket 76 to connect with the pointed beak housing 66. The seed guide tube 11 communicates with the pointed beak housing 66. The servo motor 73 installed in the pointed beak housing 66 drives the connecting rod 77 to rotate, and the rotation of the connecting rod 77 pushes the pointed beak opening and closing plate 78 to open and close the pointed beak housing 66.

[0062] Furthermore, such as Figure 18-20 As shown, the directional flipping device includes an L-shaped seed-collecting spoon 94, a servo motor 96, a servo motor bracket 97, and an outer chain plate fixing frame 98; wherein, the L-shaped seed-collecting spoon 94 is fixed on the servo motor 96, the servo motor 96 is mounted on the servo motor bracket 97, the servo motor bracket 97 is fixed on the outer chain plate fixing frame 98, and the outer chain plate fixing frame 98 is fixed to the chain 81.

[0063] Furthermore, the garlic seed extraction side of the L-shaped seed-collecting spoon 94 is curved, while the garlic seed recognition surface is flat. Furthermore, the internal volume of the garlic seed extraction side of the seed-collecting spoon can be approximately 1.5 times the size of a garlic seed. Each time, one seed is collected using one side of the spoon; when the chain moves into the machine vision recognition range, the garlic seed will roll to the other side of the L-shaped seed-collecting spoon, and the seed is less likely to fall off. Furthermore, the L-shaped seed-collecting spoon 94 is designed to be black, creating a color difference with the garlic cloves for easier edge extraction.

[0064] Furthermore, it also includes a machine vision system 99, which is installed on the inner side of the uppermost horizontal section of the conveyor support 76. The machine vision system 99 is used to identify the garlic cloves in the L-shaped seed-taking spoon 94. Based on the orientation of the garlic clove's scales, the machine vision system 99 drives the L-shaped seed-taking spoon 94 to rotate 90 degrees counterclockwise or clockwise, thus correcting the garlic cloves. In use, the garlic cloves are transported from the bottom to the upper part of the conveyor support via the planting device. The machine vision system identifies the scales, thereby driving the orientation and flipping device in the planting device to rotate.

[0065] The upright planting device of the intelligent garlic planter is the most important part of the garlic planter, and it adopts a spoon chain type single seed picking device. Specifically, the upright planting device can be set up as follows: garlic seed box 2, conical funnel 10, seed guide tube 11, funnel support 31, bearing side end cover 74, planting device bearing 75, conveying support 76, sprocket II 79, sprocket I 80, chain 81, sprocket III 82, soil covering wheel 85, directional turning device, pointed duckbill opening and closing mechanism 87, furrow opener, and soil covering wheel 85; the funnel support 31 is installed on the side of the conveying support closer to the forward direction, the conical funnel 10 is fixed on the funnel support 31, one end of the seed guide tube 11 is connected to the conical funnel 10, and the other end of the seed guide tube 11 is connected to the seed guide tube opening on the pointed duckbill opening and closing mechanism 87; the garlic seed box 2 is installed on the side of the conveying support away from the forward direction; it is bolted to three evenly arranged conveying supports 76; the drive shaft 29 passes through the hexagonal screw on the sprocket I 80 in each upright planting device. The polygonal shaft hole provides power for the rotation of the seed-collecting chain 81 of the upright planting device. To reduce friction, bearing end caps 74 and planting device bearings 75 are installed on the left and right sides of each sprocket I 80. At the apex of the conveyor support 76, three sprockets—sprocket I 80, sprocket II 79, and sprocket III 82—form a triangular structure. The chain 81 is driven by these three sprockets to complete the seed-collecting operation. The machine vision system 99 is installed on the uppermost horizontal section of the conveyor support 76. The seeder has three sets of planting devices, each equidistantly mounted on a regular hexagonal drive shaft. Several directional turning devices are installed on the chain 81. At the bottom of the conveyor support 76, a soil-covering wheel 85, a pointed-top duckbill opening / closing mechanism 87, and a furrow opener are installed. The furrow opener is close to the forward end, the soil-covering wheel 85 is away from the forward end, and the pointed-top duckbill opening / closing mechanism 87 is located between the soil-covering wheel 85 and the furrow opener. It should be noted that the number of upright planting devices can be adjusted according to needs, with one or more devices. Furthermore, the drive shaft is a regular hexagonal drive shaft.

[0066] The structure of the directional flipping device consists of an L-shaped seed-collecting spoon 94 fixed on a servo motor 96, which is mounted on a servo motor bracket 97 made of PLA plastic (the servo motor bracket 97 and servo motor 96 are fixed by screws 95 from the garlic conveying device through the outer chain plate fixing frame 98). Finally, the servo motor bracket 97 is fixed on the outer chain plate fixing frame 98. The L-shaped seed-collecting spoon 94 is designed in an L-shape, with the garlic seed extraction side being arc-shaped. The side plane for garlic seed recognition facilitates the identification of garlic seed characteristics.

[0067] The trencher includes a trencher bearing 88, a trencher bearing end cap 89, a trenching disc 90, a scraper blade I 91, a trencher bracket 92, and a scraper blade II 93. The trencher bracket 92 is fixed to the conveyor bracket 76 by bolts. The trencher bracket 92 fixes the trencher disc 90 from both sides to ensure smooth rotation of the trencher disc 90. During assembly, the trencher bearing 88 and the trencher bearing end cap 89 are placed to reduce friction. To prevent soil from sticking, scraper blade I 91 and scraper blade II 93 are installed on the conveyor bracket 76 to clean up debris in a timely manner.

[0068] The pointed duckbill opening and closing mechanism 87 includes a pointed push rod 63, a pointed housing 66, a servo motor 73, a connecting rod 77, a pointed opening and closing plate 78, a cam 83, a camshaft 84, and a force-sealing cam spring 86. A sprocket 82 and a cam 83 are mounted on the camshaft 84 to achieve synchronous rotation. The rotation of the cam causes the pointed duckbill opening and closing mechanism 87 to insert downwards into the soil. The force-sealing cam spring 86 provides tension to ensure constant contact. The opening and closing of the duckbill opening and closing mechanism is controlled by a servo motor designed internally. The servo motor 73, installed in the pointed housing 66, drives the connecting rod 77 to rotate. The rotation of the connecting rod 77 pushes the pointed opening and closing plate 78 to open and close the pointed housing 66, completing the upright planting of garlic seeds. The soil-covering wheel 85, fixed on the conveyor support 76, compacts the garlic seeds.

[0069] In addition, considering the convenience of garlic seed extraction, the garlic seed box 2 is designed with a pressing plate 22 inside. The pressing structure consists of a pressing plate rotating shaft 3 installed at the bottom of the garlic seed box 2, with the pressing plate 22 mounted on the shaft 3. Two pressing plate springs 23 arranged on the left and right sides stretch the pressing plate 22, making the garlic seeds more abundant and ensuring that there are enough garlic seeds to be extracted by the L-shaped seed scoop 94 at any time. Furthermore, the garlic seed box 2 is designed with rubber pads at the entry and exit points of the L-shaped seed scoop 94.

[0070] Furthermore, such as Figure 25-29As shown, the machine vision system 99 includes a control system and a camera; the control system uses an STM32H743 as the CPU. When garlic enters the planting bucket, it is first placed into an L-shaped seed-taking spoon via a garlic conveyor chain. When the seed-taking spoon moves into the camera's detection range, it is photographed by the camera above under linear light. An edge feature-based algorithm is used to identify the garlic's orientation. The captured image is edge-coded and compared with a template image. The orientation of the garlic clove's scales is determined based on the coded features. If the features match the pre-stored image on the SD card, the servo motor is controlled to rotate 90 degrees counterclockwise; if the discrepancy is large, the servo motor is controlled to rotate 90 degrees clockwise to correct the garlic's position. Finally, the garlic cloves are placed upright through a guide tube into the duckbill opening and closing mechanism. The duckbill opening and closing mechanism opens when the garlic is near its lowest position, planting the garlic clove into the soil and completing the planting process. The device is powered by two 3.6V lithium batteries connected in series, providing an external 7.2V power supply. The power input interface is Micro USB, which also allows for upload and download to the compilation environment. A 180Ω / 100MHz ferrite bead is used to prevent high-frequency interference and provide reverse connection protection. The module's chips require 3.3V power, while the OV7725 sensor requires 1.8V, provided by AMS1117 and TPS73101DBVR chips respectively. The control chip is the STM32H743VIT6, known for its excellent performance and high processing speed, with a working frequency of up to 500MHz. One RGB full-color LED and two infrared LEDs are onboard for status indication. The vision sensor is a 300,000-pixel OV7725 with a CMOS camera; an OV2640 can also be used. The serial bus control interface can control various image formats with high resolution. The SD card power supply circuit requires filter capacitors and pull-up resistors on the data pins for more stable data reading. An LCD is used to display real-time images. It allows debuggers to make adjustments offline, avoiding repeated connections to the compiler, and serves as the primary human-computer interaction interface.

[0071] The upright planting device constructed using the above technical solution uses a chain 81 to drive a directional flipping device to retrieve garlic seeds from the garlic seed box 2, which then moves to the upper part of the conveyor support 76. A machine vision system identifies the garlic seeds in the L-shaped seed-retrieving spoon 94. Figure 30 As shown, the recognition process is as follows: When the seed-taking spoon moves into the sensor's detection range, it will be captured by the camera above under the illumination of a linear light source. Using the OpenMV IDE compilation environment, an edge feature-based algorithm is employed to identify the garlic's orientation. The captured image is then edge-coded and compared with a template image. The orientation of the garlic's scales is determined based on the coded features. If the features match the pre-stored image on the SD card, the servo motor is controlled to rotate 90 degrees counterclockwise; if the discrepancy is significant, the servo motor is controlled to rotate 90 degrees clockwise to correct the garlic's position. Figure 31 ,32 As shown; after correction, the garlic cloves are finally able to enter the pointed duckbill opening and closing mechanism 87 through the seed guide tube in an upright posture; when the pointed duckbill opening and closing mechanism 87 is close to the lowest position, the duckbill opening and closing plate opens, and the garlic is planted into the soil.

[0072] This invention uses a standard gasoline engine as its power source, employing a two-stage reducer for speed reduction. The frame has two wheels at the bottom, front and rear, with chain drive for better power transmission and stability. The machine's center houses a seed-collecting device, a plant spacing adjustment device, a depth adjustment device, and an upright planting device, all connected to the depth adjuster to ensure optimal planting depth. A furrow opener breaks up, digs, and covers the soil. Equipped with a scraper, it effectively removes debris. A shock-absorbing spring on the outer side of the covering wheel compacts the garlic cloves. A servo motor is connected to an L-shaped seed-collecting spoon, ensuring each garlic clove is contained within the small spoon. A machine vision device identifies the garlic's orientation by comparing real-time captured images with a stored template. Using an edge feature algorithm, a real-time image code is obtained and compared with the template to determine the bulb's orientation, controlling the bulb orientation adjustment mechanism for correction. The garlic clove slides from a circular funnel through a seed guide tube to a duckbill opening and closing mechanism. Near its lowest position, the duckbill opens, planting the garlic clove into the soil, completing the planting process. Finally, the compaction wheel compacts the soil after planting, ensuring good contact between the garlic cloves and the soil, completing one planting cycle. This planter is suitable for mechanized, large-scale planting in flat and hilly areas. While ensuring a smooth and fast operation, its relatively small size makes it more conducive to standardized operations.

[0073] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A garlic planter, characterized in that: It includes a frame, a power unit, a plant spacing adjustment device (15), a depth adjustment device, a planting device (5), and a walking and pressing hole device; the frame is used to install the power unit, the plant spacing adjustment device (15), the depth adjustment device, the planting device (5), and the walking and pressing hole device; the power unit is used to provide power to the plant spacing adjustment device (15) and the walking and pressing hole device; the plant spacing adjustment device (15) is used to adjust the plant spacing and transmit power to the planting device (5); the depth adjustment device is used to adjust the vertical position of the planting device (5); the planting device (5) is used to plant garlic seeds; the walking and pressing hole device is used for walking and pressing holes. The plant spacing adjustment device (15) adopts a sliding gear type gearbox, clutch device, and drive shaft (29); the sliding gear type gearbox moves the idler gear connector (44) on the gearbox output spline shaft (38) by adjusting the plant spacing adjustment handle (61), which drives the gearbox idler gear (45) on the idler gear connector (44) to mesh with gears with different numbers of teeth on the gearbox input spline shaft (52) to achieve transmission with different reduction ratios; the drive fork (58) moves the clutch device to cut off or connect the power transmission of the drive shaft (29); the gearbox input spline shaft (52) and the power output shaft (28) in the power device are connected by chain drive, and the gearbox output spline shaft (38) and the drive shaft (29) are connected by chain drive; The planting device (5) includes a garlic seed box (2), a seed guide tube (11), a conveyor bracket (76), sprocket II (79), sprocket I (80), a chain (81), sprocket III (82), a directional turning device, a pointed duckbill opening and closing mechanism (87), a furrow opener, and a soil covering wheel (85); wherein, the drive shaft (29) in the plant spacing adjustment device (15) passes through sprocket I (80) to provide power for the rotation of the chain (81); sprocket I (80) and sprocket II (80) are placed at the apex position of the conveyor bracket (76) fixed to the depth adjustment device. 79) and sprocket Ⅲ (82) form a triangular structure; several directional turning devices are installed on the chain (81), and the directional turning devices are driven by the chain (81) to take the seeds from the garlic seed box (2), and the directional turning devices are driven to transport the garlic seeds to the inlet of the seed guide tube (11); the outlet of the seed guide tube (11) is connected to the pointed duckbill opening and closing mechanism (87); the soil covering wheel (85), the pointed duckbill opening and closing mechanism (87), and the furrow opener are arranged sequentially from one end to the other and installed at the bottom of the conveyor support (76), with the furrow opener close to the forward end; The pointed duckbill opening and closing mechanism (87) includes a pointed push rod (63), a pointed beak housing (66), a servo motor (73), a connecting rod (77), a pointed beak opening and closing plate (78), a cam (83), a camshaft (84), and a force-closing cam spring (86). One end of the pointed push rod (63) is engaged with a cam (83) mounted on the camshaft (84), and the other end of the pointed push rod (63) is fitted with a force-closing cam spring (86) and passes through the transmission bracket (76) to connect with the pointed beak housing (66). The seed guide tube (11) is connected to the pointed beak housing (66). The servo motor (73) installed in the pointed beak housing (66) drives the connecting rod (77) to rotate. The rotation of the connecting rod (77) pushes the pointed beak opening and closing plate (78) to open and close the pointed beak housing (66). The directional flipping device includes an L-shaped seed-collecting spoon (94), a servo motor (96), a servo motor bracket (97), and an outer chain plate fixing frame (98); wherein, the L-shaped seed-collecting spoon (94) is fixed on the servo motor (96), the servo motor (96) is mounted on the servo motor bracket (97), the servo motor bracket (97) is fixed on the outer chain plate fixing frame (98), and the outer chain plate fixing frame (98) is fixed to the chain (81); The garlic seed extraction side of the L-shaped seed scoop (94) is arc-shaped, and the garlic seed identification side is flat; the L-shaped seed scoop (94) is designed to be black; It also includes a machine vision system (99), which is installed on the inner side of the uppermost horizontal section of the conveyor bracket (76) to identify the garlic seed in the L-shaped seed scoop (94) in the planting device (5); the machine vision system (99) drives the L-shaped seed scoop (94) to rotate 90 degrees counterclockwise / clockwise according to the orientation of the garlic seed scales to achieve garlic seed correction.

2. The garlic planter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power unit is powered by a gasoline engine (13). The output shaft of the gasoline engine (13) is connected to the input shaft of the cylindrical two-stage reducer (14) through a friction coupling (32) for power transmission. The power is then transmitted through the cylindrical two-stage reducer (14) to the power output shaft (28) via chain transmission to two paths, which provide power to the plant spacing adjustment device (15) and the walking and pressing device, respectively.

3. The garlic planter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth adjustment device includes a first depth adjustment rotary rod assembly, a second depth adjustment rotary rod assembly, a depth adjustment bracket (26), and a side plate (30); wherein, one end of the depth adjustment bracket (26), the first depth adjustment rotary rod assembly, and the side plate (30) are fixed, and the other end of the depth adjustment bracket (26) and the second depth adjustment rotary rod assembly are fixed to the plant spacing adjuster housing II (50) in the plant spacing adjustment device; by rotating the depth adjustment rotary rod assembly, the planting device (5) fixed on the depth adjustment bracket (26) is moved up and down.

4. The garlic planter according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both the first and second depth adjustment knob assemblies include a rectangular spiral screw (6), a depth adjustment handle (9), and a depth adjuster connecting rod (17). One end of the depth adjustment handle (9) is a free end, and the other end of the depth adjustment handle (9) is connected to one end of the rectangular spiral screw (6) through the depth adjuster connecting rod (17). The other end of the rectangular spiral screw (6) is connected to the corresponding side bracket (27) and can move up and down along the side bracket (27). The connection between the depth adjuster connecting rod (17) and the rectangular spiral screw (6) in the first depth adjustment knob assembly is limited by the side plate (30), and the connection between the depth adjuster connecting rod (17) and the rectangular spiral screw (6) in the second depth adjustment knob assembly is limited by the plant spacing adjuster shell II (50).

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