A method of washing and defect detection of a cast mold shell, a washing apparatus, a washing system

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of foundry shell cleaning, and particularly relates to a foundry shell cleaning and defect detection method, a cleaning device and a cleaning system. The foundry shell cleaning and defect detection method comprises the following steps: S1, a mold assembly stage, selecting a suitable runner plate according to the size and quantity of the mold, setting a ring at the uppermost end of the runner plate, and setting a pull bar of the same material as the mold at the highest point of the mold, and connecting the pull bar with the uppermost end ring of the runner plate to form a mold group; S2, making a shell on the mold group; S3, placing the sprue cup of the made shell downward, and using compressed air to preliminarily clean the inside of the shell to be cleaned; S4, placing the sprue cup upward, placing a rubber plug in the inside of the shell and tightly plugging the rubber plug; and S5, placing the shell downward on the pre-prepared cleaning device. The foundry shell cleaning and defect detection method can realize safe and rapid cleaning of various high-quality castings such as aerospace and ship castings, and can also complete rapid and effective detection of shell defects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of casting mold shell cleaning technology, specifically to a method, cleaning equipment, and cleaning system for cleaning and detecting defects in casting mold shells. Background Technology

[0002] For high-quality castings used in aerospace, shipbuilding, and other industries, there are extremely high requirements for their internal metallurgical quality, and inclusions and sand inclusions are generally not allowed. If the casting mold contains substances such as sand, surface flakes, dust, silica sol, and wax ash before pouring, molten metal can easily be drawn in during the pouring process, causing inclusions and sand inclusions in the casting. Practice has shown that taking mold cleaning measures can improve the cleanliness of the alloy liquid and greatly reduce slag inclusions in the casting.

[0003] In the past, there were usually two methods for cleaning the inner cavity of the mold shell: one was to use compressed air to blow the inner cavity of the mold shell, but because the inner cavity of the mold shell is complex, the edges and corners of complex workpieces cannot be blown out, and impurities are not easy to be discharged; the other was to use water or alcohol solutions to clean the inner cavity of the mold shell.

[0004] Shell cleaning can be broadly divided into two methods: one is to immerse the shell in warm water and use compressed air to clean it. However, since the back layer and the surface layer of the shell are immersed in water together, impurities in the back layer can easily enter the cavity and cause secondary contamination of the shell, resulting in poor cleaning effect. Furthermore, this method cannot achieve rapid inspection of shell defects. The other method is to transport the shell to an open area, pour alcohol into the shell, and then manually shake it to clean it. After shaking, the old alcohol is poured out. However, this method has low cleaning efficiency, high labor intensity for workers, and uncontrollable operation. The stability of the shell will also decrease to a certain extent, increasing the probability of shell breakage, thus causing the shell defect inspection to fail. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem of poor cleaning effect in the existing shell inspection, thereby providing a cleaning and defect detection method, cleaning equipment and cleaning system for casting shells.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for cleaning and defect detection of cast shells, comprising:

[0007] S1: In the pattern assembly stage, select a suitable sprue plate according to the pattern specifications, size and quantity, set a ring at the top of the sprue plate, and set a tie rod of the same material as the pattern at the highest point of the pattern to connect with the ring at the top of the sprue plate to form a module.

[0008] S2: Create a shell on the module;

[0009] S3: With the pouring cup of the prepared shell facing down, use compressed air to perform preliminary cleaning of the inside of the shell to be cleaned;

[0010] S4: With the pouring cup facing upwards, place the rubber stopper inside the mold shell and tighten it;

[0011] With the pouring cup facing down, place the mold shell on the pre-made cleaning equipment and secure it with fastening straps;

[0012] S5: Use the internal circulation pump mechanism in the cleaning equipment to slowly fill the cleaning fluid into the mold shell through the pouring cup. After the cleaning fluid in the mold shell reaches a certain level, turn off the internal circulation pump mechanism and close the pneumatic valve of the cleaning equipment that controls the liquid inside the mold shell.

[0013] Compressed gas is slowly blown into the mold shell through the pouring cup, and then turned off after blowing for a period of time; the pneumatic vibration device of the cleaning equipment is turned on, and the pneumatic vibration device is turned off after vibrating for a period of time at a certain intensity. Then, according to the process requirements of the rough cleaning of the mold shell, the cleaning equipment is controlled to drive the mold shell to rotate and swing back and forth within a predetermined rotation range.

[0014] Turn on the pneumatic valve and pour the cleaning fluid into the container below the mold shell to hold the cleaning fluid. The rough cleaning of the mold shell is now complete.

[0015] S6: Remove the rubber stopper placed inside the mold shell, turn the pouring cup downwards, place the mold shell on the cleaning equipment, and fix the mold shell again;

[0016] With the pneumatic valve closed, the external circulation pump mechanism is used to slowly fill the mold shell with new cleaning fluid through the pouring cup. After the cleaning fluid in the mold shell reaches a certain level, the external circulation pump mechanism is closed. Then, according to the process requirements of the rough cleaning of the mold shell, the cleaning equipment is controlled to drive the mold shell to rotate and swing within a predetermined rotation range. During the cleaning process of the mold shell, a cleaning fluid indicator is sprayed on the surface of the mold shell.

[0017] Turn on the pneumatic valve, and the shell swings while pouring the cleaning solution into the container below the shell to hold the cleaning solution. The shell cleaning is now complete.

[0018] S7: Determine whether the shell should continue to be used based on the cleanliness of the cleaning solution discharged after the shell is thoroughly cleaned and the crack condition indicated by the external cleaning solution indicator;

[0019] For usable shells, place the pouring cup downwards and use hot air to dry the shells;

[0020] After the shell is fired twice, compressed air is used to clean the inside of the shell before casting.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes: S5a located between S5 and S6, wherein S5a includes using an air pump to slowly fill the mold shell with new cleaning fluid through the pouring cup, and completing the subsequent operations of S5, thus completing the semi-finishing of the mold shell.

[0022] Furthermore, in S6, spraying the cleaning liquid indicator on the outer surface of the shell during the shell cleaning process can be replaced by: after the shell cleaning is completed, plugging the sprue cup and opening of the shell, immersing the shell in the cleaning liquid indicator and quickly removing it.

[0023] Furthermore, in steps S3, S5, and S7, the compressed air is a dry gas that is free of water and oil.

[0024] Furthermore, the rubber stopper is used to guide air bubbles into the mold shell through the tie rod, preventing air bubbles from escaping directly from the runner plate.

[0025] Furthermore, the cleaning solution is phenolphthalein ethanol or an ethanol solution;

[0026] The cleaning fluid indicator is an alkaline solution or a low-concentration potassium permanganate solution.

[0027] The present invention also provides a cleaning device for casting shells, which is the cleaning device used in the method for cleaning and defect detection of casting shells.

[0028] Furthermore, it includes: a host platform, mounted on the host frame, and a control panel and a pneumatic vibration device are provided on the host platform;

[0029] The cleaning rotating device is located on the main platform. The cleaning rotating device includes a rotating component, a gear and rack mechanism, and a pneumatic rotating locking mechanism. The rotating component includes a main shaft that passes through the main platform and has a hollow structure. The main shaft is correspondingly arranged with the housing, and a pneumatic valve is provided at the bottom of the main shaft.

[0030] The rack and pinion mechanism is located at the bottom of the main platform and includes a guide assembly, a linear cylinder, a rack, and a gear. The guide assembly is connected to the main platform, the linear cylinder is mounted on the guide assembly, the gear is mounted on the main shaft, and the rack is mounted on the guide assembly. The rack and gear mesh with each other. The linear cylinder drives the rack to reciprocate along the extension direction of the guide assembly and drives the gear and the main shaft to rotate together.

[0031] A pneumatic rotary locking mechanism is sleeved on the main shaft, and a fastening band is provided on the pneumatic rotary locking mechanism for fastening the housing.

[0032] The internal circulation pump mechanism is connected to the main cylinder and is used to transport the cleaning fluid in the main cylinder to the main shaft and the mold shell for rough cleaning.

[0033] The external circulation pump mechanism is connected to the auxiliary cylinder and is used to transport the cleaning fluid in the auxiliary cylinder to the main shaft and the mold shell for a second fine cleaning.

[0034] Furthermore, the pneumatic rotary locking mechanism includes a rotary cylinder and a connecting rod seat, a bandage connecting rod, and a tray. The rotary cylinder, connecting rod, and tray are sequentially sleeved on the main shaft. The connecting rod is located between the rotary cylinder and the tray, and the bandage connecting rod is located inside the connecting rod. The bandage connecting rod has a fixed rod, which is inserted into the rotating part on the tray. The rotary cylinder drives the connecting rod seat to rotate, thereby moving the fixed rod within the rotating part to tighten the fastening band on the bandage connecting rod.

[0035] The present invention also provides a cleaning system for casting shells, further comprising:

[0036] The blowing and dust removal compartment is located on the main unit platform, and the blowing device is installed in the blowing and dust removal compartment. The blowing device is suitable for blowing air onto the shell.

[0037] The belt conveyor inspection device is located on the main machine platform. The cleaned shell is transferred to the belt conveyor inspection device, which includes an endoscope for inspecting the internal structure of the shell.

[0038] The technical solution of this invention has the following advantages:

[0039] The present invention provides a method for cleaning and defect detection of casting mold shells, comprising: S1: In the pattern assembly stage, selecting a suitable sprue plate according to the pattern specifications, size, and quantity, setting a ring at the top of the sprue plate, and setting a tie rod of the same material as the pattern at the highest point of the pattern to connect with the ring at the top of the sprue plate to form a mold assembly; S2: Fabricating the mold shell on the mold assembly; S3: With the sprue cup of the mold assembly facing downwards, using compressed air to perform preliminary cleaning of the interior of the mold shell to be cleaned; S4: With the sprue cup facing upwards, placing the rubber stopper inside the mold shell and sealing it tightly; with the sprue cup facing downwards, placing the mold shell... The shell is placed on a pre-made cleaning device and secured with fastening straps; S5: With the pneumatic valve closed, the internal circulation pump mechanism inside the cleaning device slowly fills the shell with cleaning fluid through the pouring cup. After the cleaning fluid in the shell reaches a certain level, the internal circulation pump mechanism is turned off; compressed gas is slowly blown into the shell through the pouring cup, and then turned off after a period of blowing; the pneumatic vibration device of the cleaning device is turned on, vibrates at a certain intensity for a period of time, and then the pneumatic vibration device is turned off. Finally, according to the process requirements of the shell rough cleaning, the cleaning device is controlled to drive the shell within a predetermined rotation range. The internal rotation reciprocates; the pneumatic valve is opened, and the cleaning fluid is poured into the container below the mold shell to hold the cleaning fluid, completing the rough cleaning of the mold shell; S6: Remove the rubber stopper placed inside the mold shell, place the mold shell on the cleaning equipment with the pouring cup facing down, and re-fix the mold shell; with the pneumatic valve closed, use the external circulation pump mechanism to slowly fill the mold shell with new cleaning fluid through the pouring cup. After the cleaning fluid in the mold shell reaches a certain level, close the external circulation pump mechanism, and then control the cleaning equipment to drive the mold shell to rotate within a predetermined rotation range according to the process requirements of the rough cleaning of the mold shell. Repeated oscillation; during the shell cleaning process, spray the shell surface with cleaning liquid indicator; open the pneumatic valve, and while the shell oscillates, pour the cleaning liquid into the container below the shell to hold the cleaning liquid, and the shell fine cleaning is completed; S7: based on the cleanliness of the cleaning liquid discharged after shell fine cleaning and the crack condition indicated by the external cleaning liquid indicator, determine whether the shell can continue to be used; for usable shells, turn the pouring cup downwards and use hot air to dry the shell; after the shell has been fired twice, use compressed air to clean the inside of the shell before pouring.

[0040] First, a module is created using patterns. The number and size of the patterns are determined based on the actual situation. A sprue is selected, and a ring is placed at the top of the sprue. A tie rod of the same material as the pattern is placed at the highest point of the pattern and connected to the top ring of the sprue to form the module. The tie rod is used after the shell is made, and the connection between the sprue cup and the tie rod allows compressed air to enter the cavity through the sprue cup to clean the inside of the cavity. Specifically, during the cleaning process, a rubber stopper is placed inside the shell, and the shell is then secured with fastening straps. With the pneumatic valve closed, an internal circulation pump is used to fill the shell with cleaning fluid. After cleaning, the cleaning fluid is discharged, achieving a rough cleaning of the shell. Then, an external circulation pump is used to fill the shell with cleaning fluid, and after cleaning, the cleaning fluid is discharged, achieving a fine cleaning of the shell. The rubber stopper prevents the cleaning fluid from flowing out from the connection between the sprue cup and the ring; simultaneously, the opening on the shell allows air bubbles to escape.

[0041] Finally, a cleaning liquid indicator is sprayed onto the shell surface, followed by a developer, which reveals the cracks on the shell surface, thus achieving defect detection of the shell.

[0042] This method for cleaning and defect inspection of casting shells can achieve safe, efficient, and rapid cleaning of casting shells for various high-quality castings such as aerospace and shipbuilding, while also enabling rapid and effective inspection of the shells.

[0043] This method for cleaning and inspecting defects in casting molds not only improves production efficiency and enhances the cleaning effect, but also allows for the assessment of whether the mold meets casting process requirements based on the cleaning fluid and crack conditions. This prevents castings from being scrapped during the pouring process due to the surface layer of the casting mold peeling off or insufficient strength of the mold, thus providing a strong guarantee for achieving high-quality, high-stability mass production of high-quality castings.

[0044] The summary section is provided to present the chosen concepts in a simplified form, which will be further described in the detailed description below. The summary section is not intended to identify essential or necessary features of this disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0045] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0046] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the module structure provided by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the variant module provided by the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the module provided by the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the shell provided for this invention;

[0050] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the rubber stopper provided by the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the casting mold shell cleaning equipment provided by the present invention;

[0052] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the internal circulation pump mechanism of the casting shell cleaning equipment provided by the present invention;

[0053] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the external circulation pump mechanism of the casting mold shell cleaning equipment provided by the present invention;

[0054] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the cleaning rotating device of the casting mold shell cleaning equipment provided by the present invention;

[0055] Figure 10 A cross-sectional view of the cleaning rotating device of the casting shell cleaning equipment provided by the present invention;

[0056] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the rotating assembly of the casting mold shell cleaning equipment provided by the present invention;

[0057] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the gear and rack mechanism of the casting shell cleaning equipment provided by the present invention;

[0058] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the pneumatic rotary locking mechanism of the casting shell cleaning equipment provided by the present invention;

[0059] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the connecting rod seat of the casting mold shell cleaning equipment provided by the present invention;

[0060] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the bandage connecting rod of the casting shell cleaning equipment provided by the present invention;

[0061] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary cylinder of the casting mold shell cleaning equipment provided by the present invention;

[0062] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing assembly of the casting shell cleaning equipment provided by the present invention;

[0063] Figure 18 A schematic diagram of the air blowing device for the casting shell cleaning equipment provided by the present invention.

[0064] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0065] 1. Shape; 11. Sprue plate; 12. Ring; 13. Tie rod;

[0066] 2. Mold shell; 21. Sprue cup; 22. Opening; 23. Rubber stopper; 24. Pull ring; 3. Control panel; 4. Industrial robot;

[0067] 5. Air blowing device; 51. Housing; 52. Guide cylinder; 53. Air nozzle;

[0068] 6. Host platform; 7. Host frame; 8. Host enclosure;

[0069] 9. Cleaning rotating device; 91. Rotating assembly; 911. Main shaft; 912. Flange base; 913. Bearing; 914. Base cover; 915. Nut;

[0070] 92. Gear and rack mechanism; 921. Gear; 922. Rack; 923. Linear cylinder; 924. Connecting seat; 925. Rack guide; 926. Protective cover;

[0071] 93. Pneumatic rotary locking mechanism; 931. Tray; 932. Bandage connecting rod; 933. Connecting rod seat; 934. Cylinder; 935. Rotary cylinder; 936. Slide groove; 937. Fixed rod; 938. Positioning rod;

[0072] 94. Sealing assembly; 941. Connecting nozzle; 942. Connecting rubber ring; 943. Rubber gasket;

[0073] 95. Cleaning tray;

[0074] 96. T-joint;

[0075] 97. One-way delivery valve;

[0076] 98. Pneumatic valve;

[0077] 10. Main cylinder; 101. Liquid level indicator;

[0078] 11. Internal circulation pump mechanism; 111. Internal circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump; 112. Internal circulation check valve; 113. Filter box; 114. Internal circulation pipeline;

[0079] 12. Pneumatic vibration device;

[0080] 13. External circulation pump mechanism; 131. External circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump; 132. External circulation check valve; 133. External circulation pipeline;

[0081] 14. Secondary tube;

[0082] 15. Belt conveyor detection device; 151. Support frame; 152. Endoscope; 153. Camera; 154. Conveyor belt. Detailed Implementation

[0083] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0084] In the description of this disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this disclosure. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this disclosure, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0085] In the description of this disclosure, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joint" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections, electrical connections, or connections that allow for communication; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this disclosure according to the specific circumstances.

[0086] In this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0087] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of this disclosure. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. In addition, various specific examples of processes and materials are provided in this disclosure, but those skilled in the art will recognize the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0088] The preferred embodiments of this disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0089] Please see Figures 1 to 18As shown, the present invention provides a method for cleaning and defect detection of a casting mold shell, comprising: S1: In the mold assembly stage of pattern 1, a suitable sprue plate 11 is selected according to the specifications, size and quantity of the workpiece. A ring 12 is set at the uppermost end of the sprue plate 11, and a tie rod 13 of the same material as pattern 1 is set at the highest point of pattern 1 and connected to the uppermost ring 12 of the sprue plate 11 to form a module; S2: The mold shell 2 is fabricated on the module; S3: The sprue cup 21 of the module is facing down, and compressed air is used to perform preliminary cleaning of the interior of the mold shell 2 to be cleaned; S4: The sprue cup 21 is facing up, and a rubber stopper 23 is placed inside the mold shell 2. S1: Tighten the filling tube; with the pouring cup 21 facing down, place the mold shell 2 on the pre-made cleaning equipment and secure it with fastening straps; S5: Use the internal circulation pump mechanism 11 in the cleaning equipment to slowly fill the cleaning liquid into the mold shell 2 through the pouring cup 21. After the cleaning liquid in the mold shell 2 reaches a certain level, turn off the internal circulation pump mechanism 11; slowly blow compressed gas into the mold shell 2 through the pouring cup 21, and turn it off after blowing for a period of time; turn on the pneumatic vibration device 12 of the cleaning equipment, vibrate at a certain intensity for a period of time, and then turn off the pneumatic vibration device 12. Then, according to the process requirements of the rough cleaning of the mold shell 2, control the cleaning equipment to drive the mold shell 2. Shell 2 rotates and oscillates within a predetermined rotation range; pneumatic valve 98 is opened to pour cleaning fluid into the container below shell 2, completing the rough cleaning of shell 2; S6: the rubber stopper 23 placed inside shell 2 is removed, the pouring cup 21 is placed downwards, shell 2 is placed on the cleaning equipment, and shell 2 is re-secured; the external circulation pump mechanism 13 is used to slowly fill the shell 2 with new cleaning fluid through the pouring cup 21. After the cleaning fluid in shell 2 reaches a certain level, the external circulation pump mechanism 13 is turned off, and then the cleaning equipment is controlled to move shell 2 within a predetermined rotation range according to the rough cleaning process requirements of shell 2. The mold 2 is rotated and oscillated; during the cleaning process of the mold 2, the cleaning liquid indicator is sprayed on the surface of the mold 2; the pneumatic valve 98 is opened, and the mold 2 oscillates while the cleaning liquid is poured into the container below the mold 2 to hold the cleaning liquid, and the fine cleaning of the mold 2 is completed; S7: based on the cleanliness of the cleaning liquid discharged after the fine cleaning of the mold 2 and the crack condition indicated by the external indicator, it is determined whether the mold 2 can continue to be used; for the usable mold 2, the pouring cup 21 is turned down and the mold 2 is dried by hot air blowing; after the mold 2 is fired twice, the inside of the mold 2 is cleaned with compressed air before pouring.

[0090] First, a module is made using pattern 1. The number and size of patterns 1 are determined according to the actual situation. A sprue plate 11 is selected, and a ring 12 is set at the top of the sprue plate 11. A tie rod 13 of the same material as pattern 1 is set at the highest point of pattern 1 and connected to the ring 12 at the top of the sprue plate 11 to form the module. The tie rod 13 is used after the shell 2 is made. The connection between the sprue cup 21 of the module and the tie rod 13 allows compressed air to enter the cavity through the sprue cup 21 to clean the inside of the cavity. Specifically, during the actual cleaning process, a rubber stopper 23 is placed inside the shell 2, and the shell 2 is then fixed with fastening straps. An internal circulation pump mechanism 11 is used to fill the shell 2 with cleaning fluid, and after cleaning, the cleaning fluid is discharged, thus achieving a rough cleaning of the shell 2. Then, an external circulation pump mechanism 13 is used to fill the shell 2 with cleaning fluid, and after cleaning, the cleaning fluid is discharged, thus achieving a fine cleaning of the shell 2. The rubber stopper 23 is designed to prevent the cleaning fluid from flowing out from the connection between the pouring cup 21 and the ring 12; at the same time, the opening 22 on the shell 2 can discharge air bubbles from the shell 2.

[0091] Finally, a cleaning liquid indicator is sprayed onto the surface of shell 2, and then a developer is sprayed onto the surface of shell 2 to reveal the cracks on the surface of shell 2, thereby realizing the defect detection of shell 2.

[0092] The cleaning and defect inspection method of the casting shell 2 can achieve safe, efficient and rapid cleaning of casting shell 2 for various high-quality castings such as aerospace and shipbuilding, and at the same time can complete the rapid and effective inspection of the shell 2.

[0093] The cleaning and defect inspection method for the casting shell 2 can not only improve production efficiency and enhance the cleaning effect of the shell 2, but also determine whether the shell 2 meets the casting process requirements based on the cleaning fluid and crack conditions. This avoids casting scrap due to surface layer peeling or insufficient strength of the casting shell 2 during the pouring process, and provides a strong guarantee for achieving high-quality, high-stability mass production of high-quality castings.

[0094] The process of coating, sanding, dewaxing, and baking the module is used to finally produce the shell 2. The production of the shell 2 is existing technology, so it will not be described again.

[0095] When the pattern 1 is small and there are many of them, each pattern 1 can be connected by the tie rod 13 and then connected to the ring 12. Alternatively, depending on production needs, only one end of each group tree composed of multiple patterns 1 can be connected to the ring 12.

[0096] In this embodiment, pattern 1 is applicable to a variety of materials, including but not limited to paraffin wax, PSB powder, etc.

[0097] The pouring cup 21 is both the inlet and outlet of the water. The top of the shell 2 is open, namely the opening 22, which facilitates the gas to be discharged from the bottom to the top of the shell 2.

[0098] In S7, the cleanliness of the discharged cleaning fluid can be inspected by visual inspection or particle size testing; if the discharged cleaning fluid contains obvious sand particles, surface flakes, etc., the shell 2 can be scrapped.

[0099] Meanwhile, the used cleaning solution can be filtered and reused as a coarse cleaning solution or a semi-fine cleaning solution, but it cannot be used as a fine cleaning solution.

[0100] In some optional embodiments, the cleaning and defect inspection method for the casting shell 2 further includes: S5a, which is provided between S5 and S6, wherein S5a includes using an air pump to slowly fill the shell 2 with new cleaning fluid through the pouring cup 21 and completing the subsequent operation of S5, and the semi-finished cleaning of the shell 2 is completed.

[0101] This semi-fine washing setting ensures the cleanliness of the shell 2. This step can be set according to the actual situation, or it can be omitted.

[0102] In some optional embodiments, in S6, spraying a cleaning liquid indicator onto the outer surface of the shell 2 during the cleaning process can be replaced by: after the shell 2 is cleaned, blocking the pouring cup 21 and opening 22 of the shell 2, immersing the shell 2 in the cleaning liquid indicator, and quickly removing it.

[0103] In some optional embodiments, in steps S3, S5, and S7, the compressed air is a dry gas free of water and oil. This dry gas ensures the cleanliness of the interior of the shell 2, guaranteeing its cleanliness. The purpose is to utilize the air bubbles within the cleaning fluid to float and remove impurities from the surface of the cavity.

[0104] In some alternative embodiments, the rubber stopper 23 is made of latex.

[0105] The rubber plug 23 has a convex arc surface at one end and a rubber ring in the middle of the convex arc surface. The rubber ring is used to manually remove the rubber plug 23. The rubber plug 23 can fit tightly with the inner cavity of the shell 2 and will not fall off during the cleaning process. The rubber plug 23 is used to guide air bubbles into the shell 2 through the reinforcing rib 13 and prevent air bubbles from escaping directly from the gating plate 11.

[0106] In some optional embodiments, the cleaning solution is phenolphthalein ethanol or an ethanol solution;

[0107] When the cleaning solution is phenolphthalein ethanol, the indicator is an alkaline solution. When the cleaning solution is an ethanol solution, the indicator is a low-concentration potassium permanganate solution.

[0108] The present invention also provides a cleaning device for casting shells, which is the cleaning device used in the method for cleaning and defect detection of casting shells.

[0109] In some optional embodiments, the cleaning equipment for the casting shell includes: a main platform 6, which is mounted on the main frame 7, and a control panel 3 and a pneumatic vibration device 12 are provided on the main platform 6.

[0110] The cleaning rotation device 9 is located on the main platform 6. The cleaning rotation device 9 includes a rotation component 91, a gear 921 and rack 922 mechanism 92, and a pneumatic rotation locking mechanism 93. The rotation component 91 includes a main shaft 911, which is installed through the main platform 6 and has a hollow structure. The main shaft 911 is correspondingly installed with the housing 2, and a pneumatic valve 98 is provided at the bottom of the main shaft 911.

[0111] The gear 921 and rack 922 mechanism 92 is located at the bottom of the main platform 6 and includes a guide assembly, a linear cylinder 923, a rack 922, and a gear 921. The guide assembly is connected to the main platform 6. The linear cylinder 923 is mounted on the guide assembly. The gear 921 is mounted on the main shaft 911. The rack 922 is mounted on the guide assembly and meshes with the gear 921. The linear cylinder 923 drives the rack 922 to reciprocate along the extension direction of the guide assembly and drives the gear 921 and the main shaft 911 to rotate together.

[0112] A pneumatic rotary locking mechanism 93 is mounted on the main shaft 911. The pneumatic rotary locking mechanism 93 is provided with a fastening band, which is used to fasten the housing 2.

[0113] The internal circulation pump mechanism 11 is connected to the main cylinder 10. The internal circulation pump mechanism 11 is used to transport the cleaning fluid in the main cylinder 10 to the main shaft 911 and the mold shell 2 for rough cleaning.

[0114] The external circulation pump mechanism 13 is connected to the auxiliary cylinder 14. The external circulation pump mechanism 13 is used to transport the cleaning fluid in the auxiliary cylinder 14 to the main shaft 911 and the shell 2 for a second fine cleaning.

[0115] A host platform 6 is provided on the host frame 7, thus providing an installation platform for the operating table. A cleaning rotation device 9 is included, comprising a rotating component 91, a gear 921 and rack 922 mechanism 92, and a pneumatic rotation locking mechanism 93. Specifically, the rotating component 91 is installed in the circular hole of the host platform 6, with its main shaft 911 passing through the host platform 6, allowing it to rotate relative to the host platform 6. A guide component is located at the bottom of the host platform 6 and is fixedly connected to it. The gear 921 is fitted onto the main shaft 911, and the rack 922 is mounted on the guide component. A linear cylinder 923 is installed on the guide component, driving the rack 922 to reciprocate along the extension direction of the guide component, thereby causing the gear 921 and the main shaft 911 to rotate together, thus achieving the rotation of the main shaft 911. A pneumatic rotary locking mechanism 93 is installed on the gear 921 and rack 922 mechanism 92 of the main shaft 911. This pneumatic rotary locking mechanism 93 can tighten the fastening belt, thereby fixing the shell 2 set on the main platform 6 and preventing the shell 2 from moving during the actual rotation cleaning process. Since the main shaft 911 is a hollow structure, the cleaning fluid in the internal circulation pump mechanism 11 can enter the shell 2 through the main shaft 911 to perform the first cleaning of the inner wall of the shell 2, i.e., rough cleaning. After rough cleaning, the cleaning fluid flows back to the main cylinder 10. The cleaning fluid in the external circulation pump mechanism 13 can enter the shell 2 through the main shaft 911 to perform the second cleaning of the interior of the shell 2, i.e., fine cleaning. After fine cleaning, the cleaning fluid flows back to the auxiliary cylinder 14 for collection. During the rough and fine washing processes, the pneumatic vibration device 12 is turned on and vibrates at a certain frequency for a period of time before being turned off. The pneumatic vibration device 12 is then turned off after vibrating at a weak vibration intensity for a period of time, which drives the shell 2 to rotate and reciprocate. The swing stroke is half a circle and the frequency is 20 r / min, thereby achieving the process requirements of rough or fine washing. After the cleaning is completed, the cleaning liquid is returned to the observation tank 916 by controlling the linear cylinder 923 to complete one cleaning of the shell 2.

[0116] Among them, the pneumatic vibration device 12 is a mature device for industrial application. The vibration intensity can be adjusted by controlling the flow valve according to the actual process requirements. Pneumatic vibration can accelerate the rapid removal of impurities from the cavity surface. The vibration intensity should be moderate. If the intensity is too low, the cleaning effect will not be achieved. If the intensity is too high, the shell will be easily damaged.

[0117] In some optional embodiments, the pneumatic rotary locking mechanism 93 includes a rotary cylinder 935, a connecting rod seat 933, a bandage connecting rod 932, and a tray 931. The rotary cylinder 935, the connecting seat 924, and the tray 931 are sequentially sleeved on the main shaft 911. The connecting seat 924 is located between the rotary cylinder 935 and the tray 931, and the bandage connecting rod 932 is disposed inside the connecting seat 924. The bandage connecting rod 932 has a fixing rod 937, which is inserted into the rotating part on the tray 931. The rotary cylinder 935 drives the connecting rod seat 933 to rotate, thereby causing the fixing rod 937 to move within the rotating part to tighten the fastening band disposed on the bandage connecting rod 932.

[0118] A pneumatic rotary locking mechanism 93 is provided on the gear 921 and rack 922 mechanism 92 of the main shaft 911. The rotary cylinder 935 of the pneumatic rotary locking mechanism 93 is sleeved on the main shaft 911, and the connecting rod seat 933 is provided on the rotary cylinder 935. The connecting rod seat 933 is provided with a bandage connecting rod 932. The connecting rod seat 933 rotates under the action of the rotary cylinder 935. The bandage connecting rod 932 on the connecting rod seat 933 rotates relative to the tray 931. That is, the fixing rod 937 on the bandage connecting rod 932 rotates in the rotating part inside the tray 931, thereby tightening the fastening band on the bandage connecting rod 932 and fixing the shell 2 on the platform, preventing the shell 2 from moving during the actual rotation cleaning process.

[0119] In some optional embodiments, the connecting rod seat 933 has a central hole in the middle, the connecting rod seat 933 is sleeved on the main shaft 911 through the central hole, and the connecting rod seat 933 has a plurality of sliding grooves 936, the plurality of sliding grooves 936 are arranged perpendicularly to each other, and the bandage connecting rod 932 is disposed in the sliding groove 936. By providing a central hole in the middle of the connecting rod seat 933, it is easy to mount the connecting rod seat 933 onto the main shaft 911. Simultaneously, the connecting rod seat 933 is provided with four sliding grooves 936, which are arranged perpendicularly to each other. In actual use, the rotation of the rotary cylinder 935 drives the rotation of the connecting rod seat 933, allowing the fixing rod 937 on the bandage connecting rod 932 to move within the rotating part on the tray 931. This tightens the fastening strap on the bandage connecting rod 932, thereby fixing the housing 2 on the platform and preventing the housing 2 from moving during actual rotational cleaning.

[0120] In some optional embodiments, the bandage link 932 is further provided with a positioning rod 938. The positioning rod 938 and the fixing rod 937 are located at both ends of the bandage link 932. The positioning rod 938 is used to clamp the tray 931 after the link seat 933 rotates. When the fixing rod 937 moves in the rotating part, the positioning rod 938 can prevent the movement of the fixing rod 937 and play a limiting role.

[0121] In this embodiment, four bandage connecting rods 932 are provided. Therefore, after being fixed in the rotating part and moved, the positioning rod 938 can abut against the outer wall of the tray 931 to achieve the purpose of locking.

[0122] In this embodiment, the rotating part is an arc-shaped groove provided on the tray 931. There are four arc-shaped grooves on the tray 931, each corresponding to one of the four bandage connecting rods 932. The fixing rods 937 on the bandage connecting rods 932 are inserted into the arc-shaped grooves and are allowed to move within the arc-shaped grooves.

[0123] In some optional embodiments, the pneumatic rotary locking mechanism 93 further includes a cylinder 934, which is sleeved on the main shaft 911 and located inside the rotary cylinder 935. The cylinder 934 has a groove, and a key is placed within the groove. Finally, the rotary cylinder 935 is engaged from above the main shaft 911 onto a corresponding sleeve on the main shaft 911. Finally, the connecting rod seat 933 is inserted from above the main shaft 911 and connected to the cylinder 934 via a reducer.

[0124] In some optional embodiments, the guiding assembly includes a guide platform and a connecting seat 924, both of which are fixedly connected to the main platform 6. A linear cylinder 923 is mounted on the connecting seat 924, and a rack 922 is slidably mounted on the guide platform. The guide platform and the connecting seat 924 are located on the same plane and are both fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the main platform 6. A guide rail is provided on the guide platform, and the rack 922 is fitted onto this guide rail. The rack 922 meshes with a gear 921. Under the action of the linear cylinder 923, the rack 922 reciprocates, thereby driving the gear 921 to rotate.

[0125] In some optional embodiments, the cleaning rotating device 9 further includes a sealing assembly 94, a rubber gasket 943, and a connecting rubber ring 942. The sealing assembly 94 is disposed on the tray 931 and has a connecting rubber nozzle 941, which is disposed corresponding to the housing 2. The rubber gasket 943 is disposed on the tray 931, and the connecting rubber ring 942 is disposed in the positioning groove at the center of the rubber gasket 943, and the connecting rubber nozzle 941 is disposed within the connecting rubber nozzle 941.

[0126] The sealing assembly 94 has a connecting nozzle 941 that is connected to the pouring cup 21 of the shell 2; and four positioning holes are provided on the tray 931. At the same time, positioning holes are also provided on the rubber gasket 943. In actual installation, the positioning holes on the rubber gasket 943 are aligned with the positioning holes on the tray 931, and then the rubber gasket 943 and the tray 931 are connected into a whole by bolts.

[0127] Specifically, a connecting ring 942 is provided at the center of the rubber pad 943.

[0128] In this invention, the rubber ring and the rubber pad 943 can be an integral part or separate parts.

[0129] The cleaning rotating device 9 also includes a cleaning disc 95, which is disposed above the sealing assembly 94 and on the rubber pad 943. The connecting nozzle 941 of the sealing assembly 94 extends out of the central hole of the cleaning disc 95, thereby providing an installation position for the connection of the connecting nozzle 941 to the housing 2.

[0130] In some optional embodiments, the rotating assembly 91 further includes a flange base 912, a bearing 913, and a base cover 914. The flange base 912 is fitted onto the main shaft 911 and locked in place by a nut 915. The bearing 913 is located within a circular groove in the flange base 912, and the base cover 914 is fastened to the flange base 912.

[0131] A rotating assembly 91 is installed on the circular hole of the host platform 6. The main shaft 911 of the rotating assembly 91 passes through the host platform 6, allowing the main shaft 911 to rotate relative to the host platform 6. A flange base 912 is installed on the main shaft 911. The flange base 912 is located in the circular groove in the middle of the upper surface of the host platform 6. At the same time, connecting holes are opened on the host platform 6 corresponding to the flange holes on the flange base 912. After the holes are aligned, they are connected by screws, realizing the connection between the flange base 912, the main shaft 911 and the host platform 6.

[0132] The bearing 913 facilitates the rotation of the spindle 911 within the flange base 912, preventing friction. Meanwhile, a base cover 914 is provided on the flange base 912. The base cover 914 forms a sealed space within the circular groove of the flange base 912, preventing dust and impurities from falling into the flange base 912 and affecting the normal rotation of the spindle 911.

[0133] In some optional embodiments, the cleaning rotary device 9 further includes a three-way rotary joint 96. The first end of the three-way rotary joint 96 is connected to the main shaft 911, the second end is connected to the inner circulation pump mechanism 11 and the outer circulation pump mechanism 13, and the third end is connected to the pneumatic valve 98. The three-way rotary joint 96 enables the connection between itself and the main shaft 911, the inner circulation pump mechanism 11, and the outer circulation pump mechanism 13.

[0134] The cleaning fluid in the main cylinder 10 can enter the main shaft 911 through the three-way rotary joint 96, and simultaneously enter the mold shell 2 to clean the inside of the mold shell 2. After cleaning, the pneumatic valve 98 is opened, and the three-way rotary joint 96 is used to discharge the fluid into the main cylinder 10 to complete the rough cleaning of the mold shell 2. After the rough cleaning is completed, the pneumatic valve 98 is closed, and the external circulation pump system is controlled by the control panel 3 to transport the cleaning fluid in the auxiliary cylinder 14 to the main shaft 911. At the same time, the fluid enters the mold shell 2 to clean the inside of the mold shell 2. After cleaning, the three-way rotary joint 96 is used to discharge the fluid into the main cylinder 10 to achieve the fine cleaning of the mold shell 2.

[0135] The air blowing device 5, main platform 6, main frame 7, main cover 8, internal components of cleaning rotating device 9, main cylinder 10, pneumatic vibration device 12, auxiliary cylinder 14, connecting pipes, etc. are all made of high-quality stainless steel.

[0136] A one-way delivery valve 97 is provided on the second end interface of the three-way rotary joint 96. The one-way delivery valve 97 is provided to prevent the cleaning fluid flowing out of the shell 2 from entering the auxiliary cylinder 14, which would otherwise turn the pure cleaning fluid in the auxiliary cylinder 14 into turbidity.

[0137] The cleaning rotation device 9 can achieve stable rotation and oscillation of the control housing 2 at different frequencies, and at the same time, it can conveniently replenish and release the cleaning fluid from inside the mechanism.

[0138] In some alternative embodiments, the internal circulation pump mechanism 11 includes: an internal circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump 111 and an internal circulation check valve 112, a filter box 113, and an internal circulation pipe 114. The internal circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump 111 is connected to the filter box 113 and the main cylinder 10 is connected through the internal circulation pipe 114. The internal circulation check valve 112 is located on the internal circulation pipe 114.

[0139] The inlet side of the internal circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump 111 is connected to the filter box 113 via a pipe. The filter box 113 is connected to the main cylinder 10 via an internal circulation pipe 114. The outlet side of the internal circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump 111 is connected to the internal circulation check valve 112 via an internal circulation pipe 114, and is finally connected to the inlet side of the main shaft 911 of the shell 2 cleaning rotary platform system. The filter element in the filter box 113 can be disassembled, replaced, and cleaned.

[0140] In some optional embodiments, the external circulation pump mechanism 13 includes: an external circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump 131 and an external circulation check valve 132, and an external circulation pipe 133. The external circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump 131 is connected to the auxiliary cylinder 14 through the external circulation pipe 133, and the external circulation check valve 132 is disposed on the external circulation pipe 133.

[0141] The inlet side of the external circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump 131 is connected to the auxiliary cylinder 14 via an external circulation pipe 133, and the outlet side of the external circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump 131 is connected to the external circulation check valve 132 via a pipe. The external circulation check valve 132 is connected to the internal circulation check valve 112 in the internal circulation pump mechanism 11 via a three-way pipe. Finally, it is connected to the inlet side of the main shaft 911 of the shell 2 cleaning rotating device 9.

[0142] In this embodiment, during the pumping and conveying process of the internal circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump 111 and the external circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump 131, the cleaning fluid contains a certain amount of air bubbles.

[0143] The main cylinder 10 is located close to the auxiliary cylinder 14, and a liquid level indicator 101 is provided on the main cylinder 10. The liquid level indicator 101 is marked with the highest and lowest allowable liquid level positions, and the liquid level of the cleaning fluid can be observed through an opening 22 on the main machine cover 8. The main cylinder 10 is provided with a drainage and slag discharge channel.

[0144] Meanwhile, a main unit cover 8 is provided on the outer wall of the main unit frame 7. The main unit cover 8 can fully protect the internal structure of the main unit frame 7. A through hole is provided on the main unit cover 8, which is connected to a liquid level indicator 101, so as to facilitate direct observation of the liquid level of the cleaning fluid in the main cylinder 10.

[0145] The auxiliary cylinder 14 is equipped with casters at the bottom. The auxiliary cylinder 14 can enter and exit through the opening 22 reserved on one side of the main unit cover 8. The auxiliary cylinder 14 is provided with a drain port on one side for connecting to the inlet side of the external circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump 131 through a hose.

[0146] The present invention also provides a cleaning system for casting shells, including the aforementioned cleaning equipment for casting shells, and further including: a blowing and dust removal compartment, disposed on the main platform 6, and a blowing device 5 is provided in the blowing and dust removal compartment, the blowing device 5 being suitable for blowing air onto the shell 2; a belt conveyor detection device 15, disposed on the main platform 6, the cleaned shell 2 being transferred to the belt conveyor detection device 15, the belt conveyor detection device 15 including an endoscope 152 for detecting the internal structure of the shell 2.

[0147] A dust removal chamber is set on the host platform 6, and an air blowing device 5 is set in the dust removal chamber. The air blowing device 5 can effectively remove dust from the shell 2 by blowing air, thereby ensuring that the shell 2 is free of dust before cleaning and ensuring the cleaning effect of the shell 2.

[0148] The air blowing device 5 includes a housing 51 and two guide cylinders 52 disposed on the housing 51. The two guide cylinders 52 are vertically disposed, and the air nozzle 53 of the air blowing device 5 is disposed on one of the guide cylinders 52. The air nozzle 53 is provided with multiple air blowing holes. The air nozzle 53 is disposed in the air blowing and dust removal compartment corresponding to the shell 2, so that the dust on the shell 2 can be removed by the air blowing device 5.

[0149] In some optional embodiments, the belt conveyor detection device 15 includes a support frame 151, a conveyor belt 154, a drive structure (not shown in the figure), a sensor (not shown in the figure), and a camera 153. The conveyor belt 154 is fitted onto the support frame 151, and the drive structure drives the conveyor belt 154 to rotate. The endoscope 152, camera 153, and sensor are located at the edge of the support frame 151. Specifically, the belt conveyor detection device 15 can be placed at a suitable distance from the host platform 6.

[0150] The support frame 151 has drive structures at both ends, and the conveyor belt 154 is sleeved on the support frame 151. The drive structure drives the conveyor belt 154 to rotate. An endoscope 152, a camera 153, and a sensor are provided on the upper edge of the support structure 151. The sensor is a position sensor.

[0151] By controlling the drive structure, the shell 2 reaches the predetermined position, that is, the position of the endoscope 152. The camera 153 takes an image, and the software analysis and control system configured on the control panel 3 analyzes the defects of the shell 2 to determine whether the shell 2 is qualified.

[0152] In actual use, the casting shell 2 cleaning and testing equipment is usually operated in a well-ventilated open workshop. The equipment power source, internal circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump 111, external circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump 131, internal circulation check valve 112, external circulation check valve 131, pneumatic vibration device 12 and other components are all pneumatically controlled. Components that must be electrically controlled must be explosion-proof to ensure that the equipment can operate safely in flammable and explosive atmospheres.

[0153] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for cleaning and defect detection of cast shell molds, characterized in that, include: S1: In the pattern assembly stage, select a suitable sprue plate according to the pattern specifications, size and quantity, set a ring at the top of the sprue plate, and set a tie rod of the same material as the pattern at the highest point of the pattern. The tie rod is connected to the ring at the top of the sprue plate to form a module. S2: Create a shell on the module; S3: With the pouring cup of the prepared shell facing down, use compressed air to perform preliminary cleaning of the inside of the shell to be cleaned; S4: With the pouring cup facing upwards, place the rubber stopper inside the mold shell and tighten it. The rubber stopper is used to guide air bubbles into the mold shell through the tie rod and prevent air bubbles from escaping directly from the sprue plate. With the pouring cup facing down, place the mold shell on the pre-made cleaning equipment and secure it with fastening straps; S5: With the pneumatic valve closed, the internal circulation pump mechanism in the cleaning equipment is used to slowly fill the cleaning liquid into the mold shell through the pouring cup. After the cleaning liquid in the mold shell reaches the set liquid level, the internal circulation pump mechanism is closed. The internal circulation pump mechanism is used to transport the cleaning liquid in the main cylinder to the mold shell for rough cleaning. The pneumatic valve is located in the cleaning equipment and is used to control the cleaning liquid to be discharged from the pouring cup. Compressed gas is slowly blown into the mold shell through the pouring cup, and then turned off after blowing for a period of time. The pneumatic vibration device of the cleaning equipment is turned on and vibrated at the set intensity for a period of time before being turned off. The pneumatic vibration device is used to accelerate the removal of impurities from the surface of the mold cavity. Then, according to the process requirements of the rough cleaning of the mold shell, the cleaning equipment is controlled to drive the mold shell to rotate and swing back and forth within the predetermined rotation range. Turn on the pneumatic valve and pour the cleaning fluid into the container below the mold shell to hold the cleaning fluid. The rough cleaning of the mold shell is now complete. S6: Remove the rubber stopper placed inside the mold shell, turn the pouring cup downwards, place the mold shell on the cleaning equipment, and fix the mold shell again; With the pneumatic valve closed, the external circulation pump mechanism is used to slowly fill the mold shell with new cleaning fluid through the pouring cup. After the cleaning fluid in the mold shell reaches the set liquid level, the external circulation pump mechanism is closed. Then, according to the process requirements of the fine cleaning of the mold shell, the cleaning equipment is controlled to drive the mold shell to rotate and swing within the predetermined rotation range. During the shell cleaning process, a cleaning liquid indicator is sprayed onto the shell surface, and the external circulation pump mechanism is used to transport the cleaning liquid in the auxiliary cylinder to the shell for fine cleaning. Turn on the pneumatic valve, and the shell swings while pouring the cleaning solution into the container below the shell to hold the cleaning solution. The shell cleaning is now complete. S7: Determine whether the shell should continue to be used based on the cleanliness of the cleaning solution discharged after the shell is thoroughly cleaned and the crack condition indicated by the external cleaning solution indicator; For usable shell molds, place the pouring cup downwards and use hot air to dry the shell molds; After the shell is fired twice, compressed air is used to clean the inside of the shell before casting.

2. The method for cleaning and defect detection of cast shells according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: It also includes S5a, which is located between S5 and S6. S5a includes using an air pump to slowly fill the mold shell with new cleaning fluid through the pouring cup and completing the subsequent operations of S5, thus completing the semi-finishing of the mold shell.

3. The method for cleaning and defect detection of cast shells according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In steps S3, S5, and S7, the compressed air is a dry gas that is free of water and oil.

4. The method for cleaning and defect detection of cast shells according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cleaning solution is phenolphthalein ethanol; the indicator for the cleaning solution is an alkaline solution.

5. A cleaning device for casting mold shells, characterized in that, The cleaning equipment is applied to the cleaning and defect detection method of the casting shell according to any one of claims 1-4. The cleaning equipment for the casting shell includes: a main platform, which is mounted on the main frame, and a control panel and a pneumatic vibration device are provided on the main platform. A cleaning rotation device is located on the main platform. The cleaning rotation device includes a rotation component, a gear and rack mechanism, and a pneumatic rotation locking mechanism. The rotation component includes a main shaft, which is installed through the main platform and has a hollow structure. The main shaft is correspondingly arranged with the housing, and a pneumatic valve is provided at the bottom of the main shaft. The rack and pinion mechanism is located at the bottom of the main platform and includes a guide assembly, a linear cylinder, a rack, and a gear. The guide assembly is connected to the main platform, the linear cylinder is mounted on the guide assembly, the gear is mounted on the main shaft, and the rack is mounted on the guide assembly. The rack and gear are meshed together. The linear cylinder drives the rack to reciprocate along the extension direction of the guide assembly and drives the gear and the main shaft to rotate together. A pneumatic rotary locking mechanism is sleeved on the main shaft, and a fastening band is provided on the pneumatic rotary locking mechanism for fastening the housing. The internal circulation pump mechanism is connected to the main cylinder and is used to transport the cleaning fluid in the main cylinder to the main shaft and the mold shell for rough cleaning. The external circulation pump mechanism is connected to the auxiliary cylinder and is used to transport the cleaning fluid in the auxiliary cylinder to the main shaft and the mold shell for fine cleaning.

6. The cleaning equipment for casting mold shells according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pneumatic rotary locking mechanism includes a rotary cylinder, a connecting rod seat, a bandage connecting rod, and a tray. The rotary cylinder, connecting rod seat, and tray are sequentially mounted on the main shaft. The connecting rod seat is located between the rotary cylinder and the tray, and the bandage connecting rod is located inside the connecting rod seat. The bandage connecting rod has a fixed rod, which is inserted into the rotating part on the tray. The rotary cylinder drives the connecting rod seat to rotate, thereby moving the fixed rod within the rotating part to tighten the fastening band on the bandage connecting rod.

7. A cleaning system for a casting mold shell, characterized in that, The cleaning equipment for the casting shell as described in claim 6 further includes: The blowing and dust removal compartment is located on the main unit platform, and the blowing device is installed in the blowing and dust removal compartment. The blowing device is suitable for blowing air onto the shell. The belt conveyor inspection device is located on the main machine platform. The cleaned shell is transferred to the belt conveyor inspection device, which includes an endoscope for inspecting the internal structure of the shell.

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