Laser welding equipment

Abstract

This application discloses a laser welding apparatus. The laser welding apparatus includes a laser output component, a mirror component, a focusing lens, a wire feeding component, and an optical path adjustment component. The laser output component outputs a laser beam. The mirror component includes a first mirror, a second mirror, and a third mirror arranged sequentially along the output optical path of the laser beam. The third mirror has a first through-hole. The focusing lens is disposed on the reflected optical path of the third mirror, and a second through-hole is formed on the focusing lens corresponding to the first through-hole. The wire feeding component passes through the first and second through-holes sequentially. The optical path adjustment component is connected to the first and second mirrors. This application uses the optical path adjustment component to drive the first and second mirrors to vibrate, so that the laser beam, after passing through the mirror component and the focusing lens, can move circumferentially along the output end of the wire feeding component, thereby making the energy distribution of the laser beam around the wire feeding component more uniform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of laser welding, and more specifically to a laser welding apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Laser welding is characterized by high energy density, high welding efficiency, low heat input, and minimal post-weld deformation. With the decreasing cost of lasers and their increasingly widespread application, laser welding is gradually replacing traditional welding processes. Laser wire-filled welding technology not only possesses the advantages of laser welding but also improves the adaptability of welding gaps, enabling the welding of workpieces with larger gaps. Furthermore, the introduction of welding wire can reduce weld defects and improve weld performance.

[0003] Existing laser wire feeding welding technology generally uses off-axis wire feeding. With off-axis wire feeding, the wire feeding direction significantly limits the welding trajectory, resulting in welding only simple trajectories and workpieces. Furthermore, the wire feeding angle and position greatly influence the welding process, leading to poor welding stability with off-axis wire feeding. Compared to off-axis wire feeding, coaxial wire feeding offers advantages such as better welding consistency, uniform weld formation, and faster welding speed. It can also weld complex trajectory workpieces, making it more widely applicable. Currently, coaxial wire feeding laser welding technology mainly employs multiple laser sources, single-source beam splitting into multiple beams, or beam splitting into a ring beam. However, regardless of whether multiple laser sources or beam splitting methods are used, it is difficult to guarantee consistent beam quality, resulting in uneven energy distribution around the wire feeding assembly. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a laser welding apparatus that can solve the problem of uneven energy distribution of the laser beam around the wire feeding assembly.

[0005] This application provides a laser welding apparatus, including:

[0006] Laser output component, used to output a laser beam;

[0007] The reflector assembly includes a first reflector, a second reflector, and a third reflector arranged sequentially along the output optical path of the laser beam; the third reflector has a first through hole.

[0008] A focusing lens is disposed on the reflected light path of the third reflecting mirror; a second through hole is provided on the focusing lens at the position corresponding to the first through hole;

[0009] The wire feeding assembly passes through the first through hole and the second through hole in sequence, and the output end of the wire feeding assembly is located on the side of the focusing lens away from the third reflecting mirror;

[0010] An optical path adjustment assembly is connected to the first reflector and the second reflector. The optical path adjustment assembly is used to drive the first reflector and the second reflector to vibrate, so that the laser beam passes through the reflector assembly and the focusing lens in sequence and then moves circumferentially along the output end of the wire feeding assembly.

[0011] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the optical path adjustment component includes a first vibration motor and a second vibration motor; the first vibration motor is connected to the first reflector, and the first vibration motor is used to drive the first reflector to vibrate, so as to adjust the motion trajectory of the laser beam after being reflected by the first reflector; the second vibration motor is connected to the second reflector, and the second vibration motor is used to drive the second reflector to vibrate, so as to adjust the motion trajectory of the laser beam after being reflected by the second reflector.

[0012] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the laser welding apparatus includes a first prism assembly located between the second reflector and the wire feeding assembly. The laser beam's trajectory on the third reflector after passing through the first reflector, the second reflector, and the first prism assembly in sequence has a discontinuous region. The orthographic projection of the wire feeding assembly on the third reflector passes through the discontinuous region.

[0013] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the trajectory of the laser beam on the third reflector has two discontinuous regions, and the distribution direction of the two discontinuous regions is consistent with the axial direction of the wire feeding assembly.

[0014] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the first prism assembly includes a first prism, the side of the first prism facing the second reflector having a first recess along the output direction toward the laser beam, and the side of the first prism facing away from the second reflector having a first protrusion along the output direction toward the laser beam; the first recess and the first protrusion correspond to the discontinuity region.

[0015] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the first prism assembly includes a second prism and a third prism arranged sequentially at intervals along the output direction of the laser beam. The side of the second prism facing the third prism forms a second recess along the output direction away from the laser beam, and the side of the third prism facing the second prism forms a second protrusion along the output direction away from the laser beam. The second recess and the second protrusion correspond to the discontinuity region.

[0016] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the laser welding apparatus includes a second prism assembly located between the wire feeding assembly and the third reflector, and the trajectory of the laser beam after passing through the first prism assembly, the third reflector, and the second prism assembly is circular.

[0017] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the second prism assembly includes a fourth prism, wherein the side of the fourth prism facing the wire feeding assembly forms a third protrusion along the output direction opposite to the laser beam, and the side of the fourth prism opposite to the wire feeding assembly forms a third recess along the output direction opposite to the laser beam; the third protrusion and the third recess correspond to the discontinuity region.

[0018] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the second prism assembly includes a fifth prism and a sixth prism arranged sequentially at intervals along the output direction of the laser beam. The side of the fifth prism facing the sixth prism forms a fourth protrusion along the output direction of the laser beam, and the side of the sixth prism facing the fifth prism forms a fourth recess along the output direction of the laser beam. The fourth protrusion and the fourth recess correspond to the discontinuity region.

[0019] Optionally, in some embodiments of this application, the wire feeding assembly includes a wire feeding tube and a welding wire. The wire feeding tube passes through the first through hole and the second through hole. The welding wire is located inside the wire feeding tube and extends out of the wire feeding tube along the output direction of the laser beam. The laser beam is focused by the focusing lens onto the edge of the welding wire and moves circumferentially along the welding wire.

[0020] In this embodiment, the laser welding apparatus includes a laser output component, a mirror component, a focusing lens, a wire feeding component, and an optical path adjustment component. The laser output component outputs a laser beam. The mirror component includes a first mirror, a second mirror, and a third mirror arranged sequentially along the output optical path of the laser beam. The third mirror has a first through-hole. The focusing lens is positioned on the reflected optical path of the third mirror, and a second through-hole is formed on the focusing lens corresponding to the first through-hole. The wire feeding component passes through the first and second through-holes sequentially. The optical path adjustment component is connected to the first and second mirrors. By incorporating the optical path adjustment component, this application drives the first and second mirrors to vibrate, allowing the laser beam to move circumferentially along the output end of the wire feeding component after passing through the mirror component and the focusing lens. This results in a more uniform energy distribution of the laser beam around the wire feeding component, leading to a more uniform and stable weld formation. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laser welding device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first prism assembly and the optical path of a laser passing through the prism, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another first prism assembly structure and the optical path of the laser passing through the prism provided in this application embodiment;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the trajectory of a laser beam before it passes through the first prism assembly, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the trajectory of a laser beam after passing through a first prism assembly, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the motion trajectory of a laser beam at the focal position and the position of the welding wire provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another laser welding apparatus provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second prism assembly and the optical path of the laser passing through the prism, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another second prism assembly structure and the optical path of the laser passing through the prism provided in this application embodiment;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the trajectory of a laser beam before it passes through the first prism assembly, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the trajectory of a laser beam after passing through the first prism assembly and before passing through the second prism assembly, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 12This is a schematic diagram of the trajectory of a laser beam after passing through a second prism assembly, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the motion trajectory of a laser beam at the focal position and the position of the welding wire, provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0036]

[0037] Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. In addition, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for illustration and explanation of this application and are not intended to limit this application. In this application, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the upper and lower positions of the device in actual use or operation, specifically the drawing directions in the accompanying drawings; while "inner" and "outer" refer to the outline of the device.

[0039] This application provides a laser welding apparatus, which will be described in detail below. It should be noted that the order of description of the following embodiments is not intended to limit the preferred order of the embodiments.

[0040] Figure 1 A laser welding apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1 As shown, the laser welding apparatus 100 includes a laser output component 110, which is used to output a laser beam. The laser output component 110 includes a laser output fiber 111, a laser output head 112, and a collimating lens 113. The laser output fiber 111 is inserted into the laser output head 112, and the laser output from the laser output head 112 is collimated by the collimating lens 113. The collimating lens 113 can move in the output direction of the laser beam, thereby adjusting the focal position of the laser beam to meet different usage requirements of the laser welding apparatus 100.

[0041] The laser welding apparatus 100 includes a reflector assembly 120, which includes a first reflector 121, a second reflector 122, and a third reflector 123 arranged sequentially along the output optical path of the laser beam. That is, after the laser beam is collimated by the collimating lens 113, it is reflected sequentially by the first reflector 121, the second reflector 122, and the third reflector 123. By designing the positions of the first reflector 121, the second reflector 122, and the third reflector 123, the final output direction of the laser beam can be adjusted to meet the usage requirements of the laser welding apparatus 100.

[0042] The third reflector 123 has a first through hole 1231. Since the direction of the laser beam after reflection by the third reflector 123 is the final output direction of the laser beam, opening the first through hole 1231 on the third reflector 123 helps to install the subsequent wire feeding assembly 180, so as to ensure that the wire feeding direction of the laser welding device 100 is coaxial with the output direction of the laser beam, thereby achieving the purpose of coaxial wire feeding when the laser welding device 100 is in use.

[0043] The laser welding apparatus 100 includes a focusing lens 170, which is disposed in the reflected light path of the third reflecting mirror 123 to focus the laser beam reflected by the reflecting mirror assembly 120. The focusing lens 170 has a second through hole 171, which corresponds to the position of the first through hole 1231, thereby facilitating the installation of the subsequent wire feeding assembly 180 to achieve coaxial wire feeding during use of the laser welding apparatus 100.

[0044] The laser welding apparatus 100 includes a wire feeding assembly 180, which passes through a first through hole 1231 and a second through hole 171 in sequence. The output end of the wire feeding assembly 180 is located on the side of the focusing lens 170 away from the third reflecting mirror 123, so that after the laser beam is focused by the focusing lens 170, the focal point of the laser beam can be located at the output end of the wire feeding assembly 180.

[0045] The wire feeding assembly 180 can move within the first through hole 1231 and the second through hole 171 along the emission direction of the laser beam to adjust the position of the output end of the wire feeding assembly 180 to match the focal position of the laser beam after it is focused by the focusing lens 170, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the welding process.

[0046] The laser welding device 100 includes an optical path adjustment component 160, which is connected to a first reflector 121 and a second reflector 122. The optical path adjustment component 160 is used to drive the first reflector 121 and the second reflector 122 to vibrate, so that the laser beam passes through the reflector assembly 120 and the focusing lens 170 in sequence and then moves circumferentially along the output end of the wire feeding assembly 180.

[0047] When the optical path adjustment component 160 drives the first reflector 121 and the second reflector 122 to vibrate, the vibration frequency and vibration angle of the first reflector 121 and the second reflector 122 can be adjusted by adjusting the vibration frequency and vibration angle of the optical path adjustment component 160. This allows for adjustment of the shape and size of the laser beam's trajectory after reflection by the first reflector 121 and the second reflector 122, as well as the speed of the laser beam. Furthermore, it allows for adjustment of the laser beam's trajectory after reflection by the third reflector 123 and focusing by the focusing lens 170, so that the laser beam eventually moves circumferentially along the output end of the wire feeding component 180. This results in a more uniform energy distribution of the laser beam around the wire feeding component 180, which helps improve the uniformity of the weld formation.

[0048] In this embodiment, the laser welding apparatus 100 includes a laser output component 110, a reflector component 120, a focusing lens 170, a wire feeding component 180, and an optical path adjustment component 160. The laser output component 110 is used to output a laser beam. The reflector component 120 includes a first reflector 121, a second reflector 122, and a third reflector 123 arranged sequentially along the output optical path of the laser beam. A first through hole 1231 is provided on the third reflector 123. The focusing lens 170 is disposed on the reflected optical path of the third reflector 123. A second through hole 171 is provided on the focusing lens 170 at a position corresponding to the first through hole 1231. The wire feeding component 180 passes through the first through hole 1231 and the second through hole 171 in sequence. The optical path adjustment component 160 is connected to the first reflector 121 and the second reflector 122. This application sets up an optical path adjustment component 160, which drives the first reflector 121 and the second reflector 122 to vibrate, so that the laser beam can move circumferentially along the output end of the wire feeding component 180 after passing through the reflector component 120 and the focusing lens 170 in sequence. This makes the energy distribution of the laser beam around the wire feeding component 180 more uniform, thereby making the weld formation more uniform and stable.

[0049] Optionally, the optical path adjustment assembly 160 includes a first vibration motor 161 and a second vibration motor 162. The first vibration motor 161 is connected to the first reflector 121 and is used to drive the first reflector 121 to vibrate, so as to adjust the motion trajectory of the laser beam after being reflected by the first reflector 121. The second vibration motor 162 is connected to the second reflector 122 and is used to drive the second reflector 122 to vibrate, so as to adjust the motion trajectory of the laser beam after being reflected by the second reflector 122.

[0050] The vibration modes of the first reflector 121 and the second reflector 122 are controlled independently by the first vibration motor 161 and the second vibration motor 162, respectively. During the use of the laser welding device 100, the target motion trajectory of the laser beam is determined based on the structure of the weld. Then, the vibration modes of the first vibration motor 161 and the second vibration motor 162 are programmed according to the target motion trajectory of the laser beam to meet the welding requirements of different weld structures. This makes the welding process of the laser welding device 100 highly adjustable, thereby improving the applicability of the laser welding device 100.

[0051] It should be noted that by cooperating with the first vibration motor 161 and the second vibration motor 162, the first reflector 121 and the second reflector 122 can be controlled to vibrate together, so that the trajectory of the laser beam can be circular, elliptical, square or polygonal, etc. The specific shape of the trajectory can be adjusted according to the actual welding requirements by adjusting the vibration frequency and vibration speed of the first vibration motor 161 and the second vibration motor 162. No special restrictions are imposed here.

[0052] Optionally, the laser welding device 100 includes a first prism assembly 130, which is located between the second reflector 122 and the wire feeding assembly 180. The laser beam passes through the first reflector 121, the second reflector 122 and the first prism assembly 130 in sequence, and its trajectory on the third reflector 123 has a discontinuity region 150.

[0053] Since the wire feeding assembly 180 is inserted on the third reflector 123 and the focusing lens 170, and the wire feeding assembly 180 is coaxially arranged with the emission direction of the laser beam, when the laser beam forms a motion trajectory on the third reflector 123 after being reflected by the first reflector 121 and the second reflector 122, the laser beam may hit the wire feeding assembly 180 during the motion, which may damage the wire feeding assembly 180 or even affect the normal use of the wire feeding assembly 180.

[0054] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, this embodiment of the application sets a first prism assembly 130 between the second reflector 122 and the wire feeding assembly 180, and uses the first prism assembly 130 to change the transmission path of the laser beam. The laser beam's trajectory before passing through the first prism assembly 130 is a complete circle, while its trajectory after passing through the first prism assembly 130 has a discontinuous region 150, i.e., two broken semicircles. The orthographic projection of the wire feeding assembly 180 on the third reflector 123 passes through the discontinuous region 150. In other words, during the laser beam's movement, the position where the trajectory of the discontinuous region 150 appears corresponds to the position of the wire feeding assembly 180. This prevents the laser beam from directly hitting the wire feeding assembly 180, thereby avoiding damage to the wire feeding assembly 180 and improving its service life.

[0055] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the trajectory of the laser beam on the third reflecting mirror 123 has two discontinuous regions 150, and the distribution direction of the two discontinuous regions 150 is consistent with the axis of the wire feeding assembly 180. That is, the arrangement of the first prism assembly 130 causes the laser beam to be interrupted when it moves to the area where the wire feeding assembly 180 is located. This arrangement ensures that no matter how the trajectory of the laser beam is adjusted, the laser beam can avoid the area where the wire feeding assembly 180 is located, thereby ensuring that the wire feeding assembly 180 is not damaged by the laser beam.

[0056] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first prism assembly 130 includes a first prism 131. The side of the first prism 131 facing the second reflector 122 forms a first recess 1311 along the output direction of the laser beam, and the side of the first prism 131 away from the second reflector 122 forms a first protrusion 1312 along the output direction of the laser beam. That is, the side of the first prism 131 facing the second reflector 122 has a concave edge, and the side of the first prism 131 away from the second reflector 122 has a protrusion, and the concave edge and the protrusion edge correspond to each other. The first recess 1311 and the first protrusion 1312 correspond to the discontinuity region 150.

[0057] When the laser beam irradiates the first recess 1311 on the side of the first prism 131 facing the second reflector 122, according to the principle of optical path transmission, the laser beam will split into two beams with the first recess 1311 as the center, thus forming a discontinuity at the position corresponding to the first recess 1311. When the laser beam continues to propagate to the first protrusion 1312 on the side of the first prism 131 away from the second reflector 122, since the tilt of the first prism 131 is the same on both sides, the laser beam becomes parallel light with the same incident direction when it is emitted from the first prism 131, and forms a discontinuity at the position corresponding to the first protrusion 1312, thereby forming a discontinuity region 150 in the trajectory of the third reflector 123.

[0058] It should be noted that when the laser beam is transmitted from the side of the first prism 131 facing the second reflector 122 to the side of the first prism 131 facing away from the second reflector 122, the tilt angles of the two sides of the first prism 131 directly affect the transmission angle of the laser beam within the first prism 131, and thus affect the size of the discontinuity formed when the laser beam exits from the first prism 131. Simultaneously, the thickness of the first prism 131 directly affects the transmission distance of the laser beam within the first prism 131. Under the same transmission angle, the greater the transmission distance, the larger the size of the discontinuity formed when the laser beam exits from the first prism 131. Therefore, during the use of the laser welding device 100, the thickness of the first prism 131 and the tilt angles of its two sides can be adjusted based on the size of the wire feeding assembly 180 to adjust the size of the discontinuity region 150 of the laser beam's trajectory on the third reflector 123. This ensures that the laser beam will not directly hit the wire feeding assembly 180 during its movement, thus preventing damage to the wire feeding assembly 180, and also reduces laser beam loss during its movement.

[0059] In some other embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first prism assembly 130 includes a second prism 132 and a third prism 133 arranged sequentially at intervals along the output direction of the laser beam. The side of the second prism 132 facing the third prism 133 forms a second recess 1321 along the output direction away from the laser beam. The side of the third prism 133 facing the second prism 132 forms a second protrusion 1331 along the output direction away from the laser beam. That is, the side of the second prism 132 facing the third prism 133 has a concave edge, and the side of the third prism 133 facing the second prism 132 has a convex edge, and the concave edge and the convex edge correspond to each other. The second recess 1321 and the second protrusion 1331 correspond to the discontinuity region 150.

[0060] When the laser beam passes through the second prism 132 and is output from the side of the second prism 132 facing the third prism 133, according to the principle of optical path transmission, the laser beam will split into two beams with the second recess 1321 as the center after passing through the second prism 132, thus forming a discontinuity at the position corresponding to the second recess 1321. When the laser beam continues to be transmitted to the second protrusion 1331 on the side of the third prism 133 facing the second prism 132, since the tilt of the opposite sides of the second prism 132 and the third prism 133 is the same, the laser beam will become parallel light with the same direction as the laser beam when it is incident on the third prism 133, and form a discontinuity at the position corresponding to the second protrusion 1331, thus forming a discontinuity region 150 on the motion trajectory on the third reflector 123.

[0061] It should be noted that the side of the second prism 132 facing away from the third prism 133 and the side of the third prism 133 facing away from the second prism 132 are both planes, and are perpendicular to the incident and exit directions of the laser beam, respectively. In other words, the transmission direction of the laser beam does not change when it is incident on the second prism 132 and exits from the third prism 133. That is, the change in the optical path of the laser beam is mainly in the region between the second prism 132 and the third prism 133.

[0062] Furthermore, when the laser beam is transmitted from the side of the second prism 132 facing the third prism 133 to the side of the third prism 133 facing the second prism 132, the tilt angle of the opposite sides of the second prism 132 and the third prism 133 directly affects the transmission angle of the laser beam between the second prism 132 and the third prism 133, and thus affects the size of the discontinuity formed when the laser beam is output from the third prism 133. At the same time, the distance between the second prism 132 and the third prism 133 directly affects the transmission distance of the laser beam between the second prism 132 and the third prism 133. Under the same transmission angle, the greater the transmission distance, the larger the size of the discontinuity formed when the laser beam is output from the third prism 133.

[0063] Therefore, during the use of the laser welding device 100, the spacing between the second prism 132 and the third prism 133, as well as the tilt angle of the opposite sides of the second prism 132 and the third prism 133, can be adjusted based on the size of the wire feeding assembly 180. This is to adjust the size of the discontinuity region 150 of the motion trajectory formed by the laser beam on the third reflector 123, so as to ensure that the laser beam will not be damaged by directly hitting the wire feeding assembly 180 during its movement, and at the same time, the loss of the laser beam during its movement can be reduced.

[0064] Optional, such as Figure 7As shown, the laser welding device 100 includes a second prism assembly 140, which is located between the wire feeding assembly 180 and the third reflector 123. The laser beam's trajectory after passing through the first prism assembly 130, the third reflector 123, and the second prism assembly 140 is circular.

[0065] Because the trajectory of the laser beam formed on the third reflecting mirror 123 has a discontinuity region 150, after the laser beam is reflected by the third reflecting mirror 123 and focused by the focusing lens 170, the laser beam will also be discontinuous when it moves along the circumference of the wire feeding assembly 180, which will have a certain impact on the uniformity of the energy distribution of the laser beam around the wire feeding assembly 180.

[0066] It should be noted that, as Figure 7 As shown, since the wire feeding assembly 180 is inserted on the third reflector 123, when the laser beam forms a motion trajectory on the third reflector 123, only the laser beam that moves to the area below the first through hole 1231 on the third reflector 123 will hit the wire feeding assembly 180. Therefore, when the first prism assembly 130 is set to form an intermittent region 150, only an intermittent region 150 can be formed below the first through hole 1231. That is, not all laser beams on the entire motion trajectory will pass through the first prism assembly 130. This setting method can maximize the integrity of the laser beam motion trajectory and avoid damage to the wire feeding assembly 180 caused by the laser beam.

[0067] like Figures 10 to 12 As shown, in this embodiment of the application, a second prism assembly 140 is provided between the wire feeding assembly 180 and the third reflector 123, and the transmission path of the laser beam is changed by the second prism assembly 140. The laser beam's trajectory before passing the first prism assembly 130 is a complete circle. The trajectory after passing the first prism assembly 130 and before the second prism assembly 140 has a discontinuity region 150. The trajectory after passing the second prism assembly 140 is transformed back into a complete circle. Thus, after the laser beam is reflected by the third reflector 123 and focused by the focusing lens 170, the trajectory of the laser beam moving along the circumference of the wire feeding assembly 180 is a complete circle, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the energy distribution of the laser beam around the wire feeding assembly 180.

[0068] Specifically, such as Figure 8As shown, the second prism assembly 140 includes a fourth prism 141. The side of the fourth prism 141 facing the wire feeding assembly 180 forms a third protrusion 1412 along the output direction away from the laser beam, and the side of the fourth prism 141 away from the wire feeding assembly 180 forms a third recess 1411 along the output direction away from the laser beam. That is, the side of the fourth prism 141 facing the wire feeding assembly 180 has a convex edge, and the side of the fourth prism 141 away from the wire feeding assembly 180 has a concave edge, and the concave edge corresponds to the convex edge. The third protrusion 1412 and the third recess 1411 correspond to the discontinuity region 150.

[0069] When the laser beam irradiates both sides of the third protrusion 1412 on the side of the fourth prism 141 facing the wire feeding assembly 180, according to the principle of optical path transmission, the laser beam will converge into a single beam within the fourth prism 141 towards the center of the third protrusion 1412, thereby eliminating the discontinuity formed at the corresponding position of the third protrusion 1412. When the laser beam continues to propagate to the third recess 1411 on the side of the fourth prism 141 away from the wire feeding assembly 180, since the tilt of the fourth prism 141 is consistent on both sides, the laser beam will become parallel light with the same incident direction when it exits from the fourth prism 141, eliminating the discontinuity of the laser beam at the corresponding position of the third recess 1411, and thus the circumferential movement trajectory of the laser beam in the wire feeding assembly 180 is a complete circle.

[0070] It should be noted that since the size of the discontinuity region 150 is directly related to the thickness of the first prism 131 and the tilt angle of the two opposite sides of the first prism 131, when designing the structure of the fourth prism 141, the thickness of the fourth prism 141 and the tilt angle of the two opposite sides of the fourth prism 141 can be kept consistent with the first prism 131. This helps to eliminate the discontinuity region 150 without affecting the energy distribution of the laser beam, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the laser beam energy distribution around the wire feeding assembly 180.

[0071] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9 As shown, the second prism assembly 140 includes a fifth prism 142 and a sixth prism 143 arranged sequentially at intervals along the output direction of the laser beam. The side of the fifth prism 142 facing the sixth prism 143 forms a fourth protrusion 1421 along the output direction of the laser beam, and the side of the sixth prism 143 facing the fifth prism 142 forms a fourth recess 1431 along the output direction of the laser beam. That is, the side of the fifth prism 142 facing the sixth prism 143 has a convex edge, and the side of the sixth prism 143 facing the fifth prism 142 has a concave edge, and the concave edge corresponds to the convex edge. The fourth protrusion 1421 and the fourth recess 1431 correspond to the discontinuity region 150.

[0072] When the laser beam passes through the fifth prism 142 and is output from the side of the fifth prism 142 facing the sixth prism 143, according to the principle of optical path transmission, the laser beam will converge into a single beam at the center of the fourth protrusion 1421 after passing through the fifth prism 142, thereby eliminating the discontinuity formed at the position corresponding to the fourth protrusion 1421. When the laser beam continues to be transmitted to the fourth recess 1431 on the side of the sixth prism 143 facing the fifth prism 142, since the tilt of the opposite sides of the fifth prism 142 and the sixth prism 143 is the same, the laser beam will become parallel light with the same direction as when the laser beam was incident on the fifth prism 142 after entering the sixth prism 143, and the discontinuity of the laser beam at the position corresponding to the fourth recess 1431 will be eliminated. Thus, the circumferential movement trajectory of the wire feeding assembly 180 is a complete circle.

[0073] It should be noted that the side of the fifth prism 142 facing away from the sixth prism 143 and the side of the sixth prism 143 facing away from the fifth prism 142 are both planes, and are perpendicular to the incident and exit directions of the laser beam, respectively. In other words, the transmission direction of the laser beam does not change when it is incident on the fifth prism 142 and exits from the sixth prism 143. That is, the change in the optical path of the laser beam is mainly in the region between the fifth prism 142 and the sixth prism 143.

[0074] Furthermore, since the size of the discontinuity region 150 is directly related to the distance between the second prism 132 and the third prism 133 and the tilt angle of the opposite sides of the second prism 132 and the third prism 133, when designing the structure of the fifth prism 142 and the sixth prism 143, it is possible to keep the distance between the fifth prism 142 and the sixth prism 143 and the tilt angle of the opposite sides of the fifth prism 142 and the sixth prism 143 consistent with the relationship between the first prism 131 and the second prism 132. This helps to eliminate the discontinuity region 150 without affecting the energy distribution of the laser beam, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the laser beam energy distribution around the wire feeding assembly 180.

[0075] It should be noted that the specific structures of the first prism assembly 130 and the second prism assembly 140 can be combined according to the actual situation. As long as the cooperation between the first prism assembly 130 and the second prism assembly 140 can prevent the laser beam from hitting the wire feeding assembly 180 directly, and at the same time ensure the uniformity of the laser beam energy distribution around the wire feeding assembly 180, no special restrictions are imposed here.

[0076] Optionally, the wire feeding assembly 180 includes a wire feeding tube 181 and a welding wire 182. The wire feeding tube 181 passes through a first through hole 1231 and a second through hole 171. The welding wire 182 is located inside the wire feeding tube 181 and extends out of the wire feeding tube 181 along the output direction of the laser beam. The laser beam is focused onto the edge of the welding wire 182 by a focusing lens 170 and moves circumferentially along the welding wire 182. The positions of the wire feeding tube 181 in the first through hole 1231 and the second through hole 171, as well as the position of the welding wire 182 in the wire feeding tube 181, can both be moved along the output direction of the laser beam. By coordinating and adjusting the positions of the alignment lens 113, the wire feeding tube 181, and the welding wire 182, the laser beam can be focused around the end face of the welding wire 182. Under the action of the laser beam, the welding wire 182 melts and fills the weld seam, thereby realizing the welding of the workpiece to be welded by the laser welding device 100.

[0077] like Figure 6 and Figure 13 As shown, after the laser beam is focused by the focusing lens 170, it can move circumferentially along the welding wire 182. This allows the laser beam to continuously agitate the weld pool during its movement, thereby reducing the generation of internal bubbles when the welding wire 182 re-solidifies after melting, and making the weld formation more uniform and stable.

[0078] The above provides a detailed description of a laser welding apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A laser welding apparatus, characterized in that, include: Laser output component, used to emit a laser beam; The reflector assembly includes a first reflector, a second reflector, and a third reflector arranged sequentially along the output optical path of the laser beam; the third reflector has a first through hole. A focusing lens is disposed on the reflected light path of the third reflecting mirror; a second through hole is provided on the focusing lens at the position corresponding to the first through hole; The wire feeding assembly passes through the first through hole and the second through hole in sequence, and the output end of the wire feeding assembly is located on the side of the focusing lens away from the third reflecting mirror; An optical path adjustment assembly is connected to the first reflector and the second reflector. The optical path adjustment assembly is used to drive the first reflector and the second reflector to vibrate, so that the laser beam passes through the reflector assembly and the focusing lens in sequence and then moves circumferentially along the output end of the wire feeding assembly. The optical path adjustment assembly includes a first vibration motor and a second vibration motor; the first vibration motor is connected to the first reflector and is used to drive the first reflector to vibrate, so as to adjust the motion trajectory of the laser beam after being reflected by the first reflector; the second vibration motor is connected to the second reflector and is used to drive the second reflector to vibrate, so as to adjust the motion trajectory of the laser beam after being reflected by the second reflector. The laser welding device includes a first prism assembly located between the second reflector and the wire feeding assembly. The laser beam passes through the first reflector, the second reflector and the first prism assembly in sequence, and its trajectory on the third reflector has a discontinuous region. The orthographic projection of the wire feeding assembly on the third reflector passes through the discontinuous region.

2. The laser welding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trajectory of the laser beam on the third reflector has two discontinuous regions, and the distribution direction of the two discontinuous regions is consistent with the axis of the wire feeding assembly.

3. The laser welding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first prism assembly includes a first prism, on the side of the first prism facing the second reflector forming a first recess along the output direction of the laser beam, and on the side of the first prism facing away from the second reflector forming a first protrusion along the output direction of the laser beam; the first recess and the first protrusion correspond to the discontinuity region.

4. The laser welding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first prism assembly includes a second prism and a third prism arranged sequentially at intervals along the output direction of the laser beam. The side of the second prism facing the third prism forms a second recess along the output direction away from the laser beam, and the side of the third prism facing the second prism forms a second protrusion along the output direction away from the laser beam. The second recess and the second protrusion correspond to the discontinuity region.

5. The laser welding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser welding device includes a second prism assembly located between the wire feeding assembly and the third reflector. The laser beam's trajectory after passing through the first prism assembly, the third reflector, and the second prism assembly is circular.

6. The laser welding apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second prism assembly includes a fourth prism, on the side of the fourth prism facing the wire feeding assembly forming a third protrusion along the output direction opposite to the laser beam, and on the side of the fourth prism opposite to the wire feeding assembly forming a third recess along the output direction opposite to the laser beam; the third protrusion and the third recess correspond to the discontinuity region.

7. The laser welding apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second prism assembly includes a fifth prism and a sixth prism arranged sequentially at intervals along the output direction of the laser beam. The side of the fifth prism facing the sixth prism forms a fourth protrusion along the output direction of the laser beam, and the side of the sixth prism facing the fifth prism forms a fourth recess along the output direction of the laser beam. The fourth protrusion and the fourth recess correspond to the discontinuity region.

8. The laser welding apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The wire feeding assembly includes a wire feeding tube and a welding wire. The wire feeding tube passes through the first through hole and the second through hole. The welding wire is located inside the wire feeding tube and extends out of the wire feeding tube along the output direction of the laser beam. The laser beam is focused onto the edge of the welding wire by the focusing lens and moves circumferentially along the welding wire.

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