Method of screwing and unscrewing a drill head, a drill and a drill rod

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of drilling rig, especially to a drilling rig main body, drilling rig and a method for screwing and un-screwing a drill rod, the drilling rig main body comprises a mast, a power head, an advancing oil cylinder and an orifice holder, the orifice holder comprises a base plate, a clamping plate and a driving oil cylinder, the moving end of the driving oil cylinder is connected with the clamping plate to drive the clamping plate to move so as to make the U-shaped groove and the flat mouth groove of the drill rod in the orifice be clamped, and then the drill rod is fixed, since various models of drill rods commonly used in engineering exploration are all provided with the flat mouth groove, the drilling rig main body provided by the present application is suitable for a wide range of drill rod models and realizes the automatic clamping of the drill rod, and then the screwing and un-screwing efficiency of the drill rod is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drilling rig technology, and in particular to a method for unscrewing and disassembling a drilling rig body, a drilling rig, and a drill rod. Background Technology

[0002] Existing engineering exploration drilling rigs typically use manual placement and removal of slips to clamp the drill rod in the borehole to secure it, or use hydraulic cylinders to push two or three slips to grip the outer wall of the drill rod to secure it. However, while manual placement and removal of slips allows for flexible location of the drill rod's flat fork position for installing the slip wrench, it is physically demanding and the environment around the borehole mud and drill rod is complex and unsafe. While using hydraulic cylinders to push the slips effectively saves labor, it is difficult to adapt to different drill rod models under different working conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a drilling rig body that solves the technical problems of high labor intensity and limited compatibility with drill rod models.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0007] This invention provides a drilling rig body, including a mast, a power head, a feed cylinder, and a borehole clamp. The power head and the borehole clamp are both mounted on the mast and positioned opposite each other. The power head can be detachably connected to the drill rod, and the borehole clamp can hold the drill rod. The feed cylinder is located inside the mast to drive the power head to move linearly along the mast's axial direction. The borehole clamp includes a base plate on one side of the mast, a clamping plate on the base plate, and a drive cylinder. An opening is formed on the base plate, and a U-shaped groove is formed on the side of the clamping plate near the opening. The moving end of the drive cylinder is connected to the clamping plate to move the clamping plate so that the U-shaped groove engages with the flat groove of the drill rod inside the opening.

[0008] Preferably, the orifice is located on the axis of the base plate, and anti-torsion grooves are symmetrically formed on both sides of the orifice along the length of the base plate; the clamping plate is provided with a positioning block, and a positioning groove is formed on the positioning block; the moving end of the drive cylinder is provided with a positioning protrusion; the positioning protrusion extends into the anti-torsion groove and connects with the positioning groove, and the clamping plate is connected to the drive cylinder through a connector; the moving end of the drive cylinder drives the clamping plate to move along the anti-torsion groove.

[0009] Preferably, the driving cylinder includes a cylinder body and a telescopic rod connected together; one end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the base plate, and the cylinder body moves linearly relative to the telescopic rod; a positioning protrusion is located on the cylinder body.

[0010] Preferably, the orifice holder further includes a guide sleeve; the guide sleeve is connected to the base plate, and the guide sleeve is coaxially arranged with the orifice.

[0011] Preferably, the power head includes a housing, an output shaft and an input shaft disposed within the housing, a punch pipe threaded to the top of the output shaft, and a conversion connector threaded to the bottom of the output shaft. The output shaft is connected to the drill rod via the conversion connector. A shift gear is disposed on the output shaft, which can slide on the output shaft to selectively connect the output shaft and the input shaft. The power head also includes a faucet housing assembly coaxially disposed with the punch pipe, a speed sensor disposed on the faucet housing assembly, and an encoder mounted on the punch pipe. The encoder and the speed sensor are horizontally corresponding to each other.

[0012] Preferably, the faucet housing assembly includes a faucet housing and a pressure cap; the faucet housing is coaxially arranged with the flushing pipe, a V-shaped sealing ring is provided between the faucet housing and the flushing pipe, and the pressure cap is sleeved on the top of the flushing pipe and extends into the faucet housing to abut against the V-shaped sealing ring.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a tilting component; the fixed end of the tilting component can be set on the installation platform of the drilling rig, and the movable end of the tilting component is connected to the mast to drive the mast to tilt.

[0014] Preferably, the tilting assembly includes a fixed base fixed to the mounting platform, a translation base slidably connected to the fixed base, a tilting cylinder disposed on the translation base, and a tilting bracket hinged to the moving end of the tilting cylinder; one end of the tilting bracket is also hinged to the translation base, and the other end of the tilting bracket is slidably connected to the mast.

[0015] Another aspect of the present invention provides a drilling rig, including a base platform, a power unit, a mud pump and an operating platform, tracks and outriggers, and also the aforementioned drilling rig body; the drilling rig body, power unit, operating platform and mud pump are all disposed at the top of the base platform; the tracks are connected to the bottom of the base platform to drive the base platform to move; the outriggers are disposed at the four corners of the base platform.

[0016] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for unscrewing drill rods, using the aforementioned drilling rig body, the method for unscrewing drill rods includes the following steps;

[0017] S1. The moving end of the drive cylinder of the orifice clamp drives the clamping plate to move so that the U-shaped groove of the clamping plate engages with the flat groove of the drill rod inside the orifice.

[0018] S2. The power head rotates relative to the drill pipe to disengage the power head from the top of the drill pipe;

[0019] S3. After connecting the power head to the drill rod via the uncoupling device, the moving end of the drive cylinder of the borehole clamp drives the clamping plate to move, so that the U-shaped groove of the clamping plate moves away from the flat groove of the drill rod.

[0020] S4. The feed cylinder drives the power head to move linearly along the axis of the mast to move the drill rod upward and thus allow the next drill rod connected to it to pass through the borehole.

[0021] S5. The moving end of the drive cylinder of the orifice clamp moves the clamping plate so that the U-shaped groove of the clamping plate engages with the flat groove of the next drill rod. The power head drives the drill rod to rotate through the uncoupling device so that the drill rod rotates relative to the next drill rod, thereby causing the bottom end of the drill rod to disengage from the next drill rod.

[0022] S6. The feed cylinder drives the power head to move linearly along the mast axis so that the drill pipe continues to move upward. At this time, the drill pipe is disengaged from the uncoupling device to complete the disassembly of the drill pipe.

[0023] S7. The feed cylinder drives the power head to move linearly along the mast axis, causing the drill pipe to move downwards. The power head is then connected to the next drill pipe via the uncoupling device.

[0024] S8. Repeat steps S4-S7 until all drill pipes are removed.

[0025] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0027] The present invention provides a drilling rig body, which includes a borehole clamp, comprising a base plate, a clamping plate, and a drive cylinder. The moving end of the drive cylinder is connected to the clamping plate to drive the clamping plate to move so that the U-shaped groove engages with the flat groove of the drill rod in the borehole, thereby fixing the drill rod. Since various types of drill rods are provided with flat grooves, the drilling rig body provided by the present invention is compatible with a wide range of drill rod models and realizes automated clamping of drill rods, thereby improving the efficiency of screwing and unscrewing drill rods.

[0028] The drilling rig provided by this invention features a modular design for its main body's rotation, operation, and mud pump. The entire device can be arranged in various ways to achieve multiple functional combinations, making it suitable for different engineering exploration and construction conditions. Furthermore, during drill rod clamping, unscrewing, and lifting operations, it can automatically lift and unscrew the drill rod, reducing labor intensity and avoiding the safety risks associated with high-frequency repetitive tasks.

[0029] The present invention provides a method for unscrewing drill rods that can be adapted to different models of drill rods and realizes automated clamping of drill rods, thereby improving the efficiency of unscrewing drill rods. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of the drilling rig in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the orifice holder in the diagram;

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the middle clamping plate;

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the drive cylinder;

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the base plate;

[0035] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Right cross-sectional view of the power head;

[0036] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Front cross-sectional view of the power head;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling rig in Example 2;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the screwing and unscrewing steps of the drill pipe in Example 3.

[0039] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image]

[0040] 1: Mast;

[0041] 2: Power head; 21: Housing; 22: Output shaft; 221: Shift gear; 23: Input shaft; 24: Punch pipe; 25: Adapter; 26: Faucet housing assembly; 261: Faucet housing; 262: Pressure cap; 263: V-ring seal; 27: Encoder; 28: Speed ​​sensor; 29: Motor;

[0042] 3: Orifice clamp; 31: Base plate; 311: Orifice; 312: Anti-torsion groove; 313: Guide sleeve; 32: Clamping plate; 321: U-shaped groove; 33: Drive cylinder; 331: Cylinder body; 332: Telescopic rod; 34: Positioning block; 341: Positioning groove; 35: Positioning protrusion; 36: Connector;

[0043] 4: Tilting assembly; 41: Fixed base; 42: Translation base; 43: Tilting cylinder; 44: Tilting bracket; 45: Translation cylinder; 46: Sliding cylinder;

[0044] 5: Base platform;

[0045] 6: Power unit;

[0046] 7: Mud pump;

[0047] 8: Control panel;

[0048] 9: Tracks;

[0049] 10: Support leg;

[0050] a: Drill rod. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be understood more clearly and thoroughly, and that the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a drilling rig body, including a mast 1, a power head 2, a feed cylinder (not shown), a borehole clamp 3, and a tilting assembly 4. The power head 2 and the borehole clamp 3 are both mounted on the mast 1 and positioned opposite each other. The power head 2 is detachably connected to the drill rod a and can drive the drill rod a to rotate. The borehole clamp 3 can hold the drill rod a. The feed cylinder is located inside the mast 1 to drive the power head 2 to move linearly along the axial direction of the mast 1. The fixed end of the tilting assembly 4 can be mounted on the drilling rig's mounting platform, and the moving end of the tilting assembly 4 is connected to the mast 1 to tilt the mast 1, thereby tilting the mast 1 from a horizontal state when not in operation to a vertical state when in operation.

[0054] It should be noted that during the operation of the drilling rig, the main drill rod consists of multiple drill rods a connected by threads. The orifice clamp 3 clamps the next drill rod a connected to each other, and the power head 2 connects to the previous drill rod a connected to each other. When the orifice clamp 3 clamps and fixes the next drill rod a, the power head 2 drives the previous drill rod a to rotate, thereby allowing the two drill rods a connected to each other to be detached or screwed together.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, the orifice clamp 3 includes a base plate 31, a clamping plate 32, and a drive cylinder 33. The base plate 31 is disposed on one side of the mast 1, and the clamping plate 32 and the drive cylinder 33 are disposed on the base plate 31. An orifice 311 is provided on the base plate 31, and a U-shaped groove 321 is provided on the side of the clamping plate 32 near the orifice 311. The moving end of the drive cylinder 33 is connected to the clamping plate 32 to drive the clamping plate 32 to move so that the U-shaped groove 321 engages with the flat groove of the drill rod a in the orifice 311, thereby clamping and fixing the drill rod a in the orifice 311 to facilitate the use of the power head 2. Since various types of drill rods a are provided with flat grooves, the drilling rig body provided in this embodiment is compatible with a wide range of drill rod a models and realizes automated clamping of drill rods a, thereby improving the efficiency of screwing and unscrewing drill rods a.

[0056] like Figure 5 As shown, the orifice 311 is located on the axis of the base plate 31, and anti-torsion grooves 312 are symmetrically formed on both sides of the orifice 311 along the length of the base plate 31. Figure 3 As shown, the clamping plate 32 is provided with a positioning block 34, and the positioning block 34 is provided with a positioning groove 341, as shown. Figure 4 As shown, the moving end of the drive cylinder 33 is provided with a positioning protrusion 35. The positioning protrusion 35 extends into the anti-torsion groove 312 and connects with the positioning groove 341 on the positioning block 34 to facilitate the positioning of the clamping plate 32 and the drive cylinder 33. At the same time, the clamping plate 32 is connected to the moving end of the drive cylinder 33 through the connector 36. The moving end of the drive cylinder 33 drives the clamping plate 32 to move along the anti-torsion groove 312. The anti-torsion groove 312 is an elongated hole, and the connector 36 is a screw.

[0057] like Figure 4 As shown, the drive cylinder 33 is located below the base plate 31. The drive cylinder 33 includes a cylinder body 331 and a telescopic rod 332 connected together. One end of the telescopic rod 332 is fixedly connected to the base plate 31 by screws. The cylinder body 331 moves linearly relative to the telescopic rod 332, that is, the cylinder body 331 is the moving end relative to the telescopic rod 332. The positioning protrusion 35 is located on the cylinder body 331 to facilitate the installation of the positioning protrusion 35. An oil inlet and an oil outlet are provided below the cylinder body 331. In actual application, to prevent the drill rod a in the orifice 311 from tilting, the orifice holder 3 also includes a guide sleeve 313. The guide sleeve 313 is connected to the base plate 31 and is coaxially arranged with the orifice 311.

[0058] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the power head 2 includes a housing 21, an output shaft 22, an input shaft 23, and a motor 29 that drives the input shaft 23 to rotate. The output shaft 22 and the input shaft 23 are disposed inside the housing 21. The bottom end of the output shaft 22 extends out of the housing 21 and is used to connect with the drill rod a. In actual application, the power head 2 also includes a punch 24 threaded to the top end of the output shaft 22 and a conversion connector 25 threaded to the bottom end of the output shaft 22. The output shaft 22 is connected to the drill rod a through the conversion connector 25.

[0059] The input shaft 23 is equipped with gears I and II, which are fitted onto and fixedly connected to the input shaft 23. The output shaft 22 is equipped with gear III, which meshes with gear I, and gear IV, which meshes with gear II. Gears III and IV are fitted onto and rotatably connected to the input shaft 23. The output shaft 22 also has a shift gear 221, with internal gears on both gears III and IV, the shape and structure of which match those of the shift gear 221. The shift gear 221 can slide on the output shaft 22, allowing the output shaft 22 to be selectively connected to the input shaft 23.

[0060] like Figure 7 As shown, the power head 2 also includes a faucet housing assembly 26, a speed sensor 28, and an encoder 27. The faucet housing assembly 26 is used to connect to the faucet, which provides mud to the drill rod a. The faucet housing assembly 26 is coaxially arranged with the flushing pipe 24. The speed sensor 28 is mounted on the faucet housing assembly 26, and the encoder 27 is sleeved on the flushing pipe 24, with the encoder 27 and speed sensor 28 arranged horizontally correspondingly. Since the encoder 27 is directly sleeved on the flushing pipe 24, when the output shaft 22 rotates, the flushing pipe 24 rotates, causing the encoder 27 to rotate as well. The speed sensor 28 can directly measure the rotational speed of the output shaft 22, and thus directly determine the rotational speed of the drill rod a connected to the output shaft 22. This avoids the process of calculating the rotational speed of the output shaft 22 based on the rotational speed of the input shaft 23, as is done in the prior art. Only the encoder, i.e., the speed sensor 28, is needed to directly determine the rotational speed of the drill rod a, resulting in a simple structure and convenient operation.

[0061] like Figure 7 As shown, the faucet housing assembly 26 includes a faucet housing 261 and a pressure cap 262. The faucet housing 261 is coaxially arranged with the flushing pipe 24. A V-shaped sealing ring 263 is provided between the faucet housing 261 and the flushing pipe 24 to improve the sealing performance between the two. The pressure cap 262 is sleeved on the top of the flushing pipe 24 and extends into the faucet housing 261 to abut against the V-shaped sealing ring 263. The sealing performance of the V-shaped sealing ring 263 is adjusted by pressing the pressure cap 262.

[0062] like Figure 1As shown, the tilting assembly 4 includes a fixed base 41, a translation base 42, a tilting cylinder 43, a tilting bracket 44, a translation cylinder 45, and a sliding cylinder 46. The fixed base 41 is fixed to the installation platform of the drilling rig. The translation base 42 is slidably connected to the fixed base 41. The translation cylinder 45 is connected to the translation base 42 to drive the translation base 42 to move relative to the fixed base 41. The tilting cylinder 43 is set on the translation base 42 and is a multi-stage telescopic cylinder. The bottom end of the tilting bracket 44 is connected to the translation base 42 through a hinge seat. One end of the tilting bracket 44 is hinged to the moving end of the tilting cylinder 43. The other end of the tilting bracket 44 is slidably connected to the mast 1. The sliding cylinder 46 is set on the upper part of the mast 1 and is connected to the tilting bracket 44 to make the tilting bracket 44 move relative to the mast 1.

[0063] The working principle of the tilting component 4 is as follows: when the mast 1 is not in operation, it is in a horizontal state. The translation cylinder 45 drives the translation base 42 to move relative to the fixed base 41 so that the mast 1 on the fixed base 41 extends out of the drilling rig's installation platform. The tilting cylinder 43 extends so that the tilting bracket 44 drives the mast 1 to rotate around the hinge seat so that the mast 1 is in a vertical state. The sliding cylinder 46 drives the mast 1 to move downward relative to the tilting bracket 44 so that the bottom end of the mast 1 is in contact with the ground and positioned.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] This embodiment provides a drilling rig, including a base platform 5, a power unit 6, a mud pump 7, an operating platform 8, tracks 9, outriggers 10, and multiple modules of the drilling rig body as described in Embodiment 1. The drilling rig body, power unit 6, operating platform 8, and mud pump 7 are all bolted to the top of the base platform 5. The tracks 9 are connected to the bottom of the base platform 5 to drive the base platform 5 to move. The outriggers 10 are located at the four corners of the base platform 5.

[0066] Among them, the power unit 6 preferably integrates the engine, hydraulics, heat dissipation and control into one module. This module simplifies the connection between drilling rig modules, and at the same time, the module can provide a hydraulic power source for the drilling rig and track movement.

[0067] The control panel 8 is equipped with hydraulic valves that control various actions of the drilling rig. The hydraulic valves control the oil in the power unit 6 to drive the motor and cylinder to realize various functional actions of the drilling rig.

[0068] The drilling rig provided in this embodiment adopts a modular design for its main body rotation, operation, mud pump 7, etc., allowing the entire equipment to be configured in various ways to achieve multiple functional combinations, suitable for different engineering exploration and construction conditions. Furthermore, during drill rod clamping, unscrewing, and lifting operations, automatic lifting and unscrewing of the drill rod can be achieved, reducing the labor intensity of personnel and avoiding the safety risks of high-frequency repetitive operations.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] This embodiment provides a method for unscrewing and removing drill rods, using the drilling rig body in Embodiment 1. The method for unscrewing and removing drill rods includes the following steps;

[0071] S1. The moving end of the drive cylinder 33 of the orifice clamp 3 drives the clamping plate 32 to move so that the U-shaped groove 321 of the clamping plate 32 engages with the flat groove of the drill rod a in the orifice 311.

[0072] S2, the power head 2 rotates relative to the drill pipe a so that the power head 2 disengages from the top of the drill pipe a;

[0073] S3. After the power head 2 is connected to the drill rod a by the uncoupling device, the moving end of the drive cylinder 33 of the hole holder 3 drives the clamping plate 32 to move so that the U-shaped groove 321 of the clamping plate 32 moves away from the flat groove of the drill rod a.

[0074] S4. The power cylinder feeds the power head 2 to move linearly along the axis of the mast 1 so that the drill rod a moves upward and then the next drill rod a connected to it passes through the borehole 311.

[0075] S5. The moving end of the drive cylinder 33 of the orifice clamp 3 drives the clamping plate 32 to move so that the U-shaped groove 321 of the clamping plate 32 engages with the flat groove of the next drill rod a. The power head 2 drives the drill rod a to rotate through the uncoupling device so that the drill rod a rotates relative to the next drill rod a, thereby causing the bottom end of the drill rod a to disengage from the next drill rod a.

[0076] S6. The feed cylinder drives the power head 2 to move linearly along the axis of the mast 1 so that the drill rod a continues to move upward. At this time, the drill rod a is disengaged from the uncoupling device to complete the disassembly of the drill rod a.

[0077] S7. The feed cylinder drives the power head 2 to move linearly along the axis of the mast 1, causing the drill rod a to move downward. The power head 2 is then connected to the next drill rod a via the uncoupling device.

[0078] S8. Repeat steps S4-S7 until all drill pipes a are removed.

[0079] It should be noted that the same method can be used for the screwing down and installation of multiple drill pipes, specifically as follows:

[0080] S9. The moving end of the drive cylinder 33 of the orifice clamp 3 drives the clamping plate 32 to move so that the U-shaped groove 321 of the clamping plate 32 engages with the flat groove of the drill rod a in the orifice 311.

[0081] S10. After connecting the power head 2 to another drill pipe a via the uncoupling device, the power head 2 rotates relative to the other drill pipe a so that the other drill pipe a is connected to the top end of the drill pipe a.

[0082] S11, the moving end of the drive cylinder 33 of the orifice clamp 3 drives the clamping plate 32 to move so that the U-shaped groove 321 of the clamping plate 32 moves away from the flat groove of the drill rod a.

[0083] S12. The feed cylinder drives the power head 2 to move linearly along the axis of the mast 1 so that the connected drill rod a moves downward and thus allows another drill rod a to pass through the orifice 311.

[0084] S13, the moving end of the drive cylinder 33 of the orifice clamp 3 drives the clamping plate 32 to move so that the U-shaped groove 321 of the clamping plate 32 engages with the flat groove of another drill rod a.

[0085] S14. Disconnect the power head 2 from the top of the other drill pipe a;

[0086] S15. Repeat steps S10-S14 until all drill rods a have been screwed down.

[0087] This embodiment provides a method for unscrewing drill rods, which can be adapted to different models of drill rods a and realizes automated clamping of drill rod a, thereby improving the efficiency of unscrewing drill rod a.

[0088] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0089] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that they are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," or "on top" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," or "beneath" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0090] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0091] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications, alterations, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling rig body, characterized in that, Includes mast, power head, feed cylinder and orifice clamp; The power head and the orifice holder are both mounted on the mast and arranged opposite to each other. The power head can be detachably connected to the drill rod, and the orifice holder can hold the drill rod. The feed cylinder is installed inside the mast to drive the power head to move linearly along the axial direction of the mast; The orifice holder includes a base plate disposed on one side of the mast, a clamping plate disposed on the base plate, and a drive cylinder. The base plate has an orifice, and the clamping plate has a U-shaped groove on the side near the orifice. The drive cylinder is located below the base plate. The moving end of the driving cylinder is connected to the clamping plate to drive the clamping plate to move so that the U-shaped groove engages with the flat groove of the drill rod in the orifice. The opening is located on the axis of the base plate, and anti-torsion grooves are symmetrically formed on both sides of the opening along the length of the base plate. The clamping plate is provided with a positioning block, the positioning block is provided with a positioning groove, and the moving end of the driving cylinder is provided with a positioning protrusion. The positioning protrusion extends into the anti-torsion groove and connects with the positioning recess; The moving end of the driving cylinder drives the clamping plate to move along the anti-torsion groove; The power head includes a housing, an output shaft and an input shaft disposed within the housing, a punch pipe threaded to the top of the output shaft, and a conversion connector threaded to the bottom of the output shaft. The output shaft is connected to the drill rod via the conversion connector. The output shaft is provided with a shift gear, which can slide on the output shaft to selectively connect the output shaft to the input shaft; The power head also includes a faucet housing assembly coaxially arranged with the flushing pipe, a speed sensor disposed on the faucet housing assembly, and an encoder sleeved on the flushing pipe. The encoder and the speed sensor are horizontally aligned. When the output shaft rotates, the punch tube on it rotates, which in turn causes the encoder to rotate. The speed sensor can directly measure the rotational speed of the output shaft. The faucet housing assembly includes a faucet housing and a pressure cap; The faucet housing and the flushing pipe are coaxially arranged, and a V-shaped sealing ring is provided between the faucet housing and the flushing pipe. The pressure cap is sleeved on the top of the flushing pipe and extends into the faucet housing to abut against the V-shaped sealing ring.

2. The drilling rig body as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping plate is connected to the driving cylinder via a connector.

3. The drilling rig body as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The drive cylinder includes a connected cylinder body and a telescopic rod; One end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the base plate, and the cylinder body moves linearly relative to the telescopic rod. The positioning protrusion is located on the cylinder body.

4. The drilling rig body as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The orifice holder also includes a guide sleeve; The guide sleeve is connected to the base plate, and the guide sleeve is coaxially arranged with the orifice.

5. The drilling rig body as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a flip component; The fixed end of the tilting component can be mounted on the drilling rig's mounting platform, and the movable end of the tilting component is connected to the mast to drive the mast to tilt.

6. The drilling rig body as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The flipping assembly includes a fixed base fixed to the mounting platform, a translation base slidably connected to the fixed base, a flipping cylinder disposed on the translation base, and a flipping bracket hinged to the moving end of the flipping cylinder. One end of the flipping bracket is hinged to the translation base, and the other end of the flipping bracket is slidably connected to the mast.

7. A drilling rig, characterized in that, It includes a base platform, a power unit, a mud pump and an operating platform, tracks and outriggers, and also includes the drilling rig body as described in any one of claims 1-6; The drilling rig body, power unit, control panel, and mud pump are all located on the top of the base platform; The track is connected to the bottom end of the base platform to drive the base platform to move; The support legs are located at the four corners of the base platform.

8. A method for unscrewing and removing drill pipes, characterized in that, Using the drilling rig body according to any one of claims 1-6, the method for unscrewing the drill rod includes the following steps: S1. The moving end of the driving cylinder of the orifice clamp drives the clamping plate to move so that the U-shaped groove of the clamping plate engages with the flat groove of the drill rod in the orifice. S2. The power head rotates relative to the drill pipe to disengage the power head from the top of the drill pipe; S3. After the power head is connected to the drill rod by the uncoupling device, the moving end of the drive cylinder of the orifice clamp drives the clamping plate to move so that the U-shaped groove of the clamping plate is away from the flat groove of the drill rod. S4. The feed cylinder drives the power head to move linearly along the axis of the mast to move the drill rod upward and thus allow the next drill rod connected to it to pass through the orifice. S5. The moving end of the drive cylinder of the orifice clamp drives the clamping plate to move so that the U-shaped groove of the clamping plate engages with the flat groove of the next drill rod. The power head drives the drill rod to rotate through the uncoupling device so that the drill rod rotates relative to the next drill rod, thereby causing the bottom end of the drill rod to disengage from the next drill rod. S6. The feed cylinder drives the power head to move linearly along the axis of the mast so that the drill rod continues to move upward. At this time, the drill rod is disengaged from the uncoupling device to complete the disassembly of the drill rod. S7. The feed cylinder drives the power head to move linearly along the axis of the mast, causing the drill pipe to move downward, and the power head is connected to the next drill pipe through the uncoupling device; S8. Repeat steps S4-S7 until all drill pipes are removed.

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