Puncture and ablation simulation training model component

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of medical education equipment, and discloses a lung puncture and ablation simulation training model component, which is composed of a chest simulation human body model, high-simulation lung tissue and a simulated hilum of lung device. The pleural cavity designed by the application is relatively independent and sealed, can simulate negative pressure of the pleural cavity, the high-simulation lung tissue is similar to the physical characteristics of human tissue, the positions, sizes and densities of high-simulation lung nodules are all different, supports CT scanning and real medical instrument operation, the simulated hilum of lung device is a closed water circulation system, is tightly connected with the high-simulation lung tissue and the main bronchus, and can simulate hemodynamics of the hilum of lung. The model body surface mark is obvious, can be placed in multiple positions, is accurate in positioning, has real operation touch, is simple and easy to replace, can apply real medical equipment, simulates the whole operation process of lung nodule puncture biopsy and microwave ablation, obtains real experience, and can also provide pre-test and preoperative planning for special real cases.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical education equipment technology, specifically a lung puncture and ablation simulation training model component. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, due to the widespread use of low-dose CT in physical examinations, the detection rate of pulmonary nodules in the general population has increased significantly. The qualitative diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary nodules have become a matter of widespread social concern. CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy and microwave ablation not only directly obtain lesion tissue specimens for histological diagnosis, but also utilize the biological effects of heat to directly cause irreversible damage or coagulative necrosis of lesion tissue cells. This technique is particularly effective for ablating pulmonary nodules smaller than 3 cm, providing a new, precise, and minimally invasive diagnostic and treatment technology for patients with early-stage lung cancer, and has been widely accepted by the medical community both domestically and internationally.

[0003] As this technique matures, the demand for its application in domestic medical institutions is increasing year by year. However, due to the high difficulty of precise puncture of lung nodules, related skills training is imperative. Currently, there is no relevant simulation equipment in China, and traditional theoretical lectures and video teaching can no longer meet the practical needs of trainees. In particular, the location, size, shape, and relationship of lung nodules with adjacent organs are complex and variable, making reasonable and accurate preoperative planning of the puncture path and pre-operative experiments extremely important. In addition, complications such as pneumothorax, bleeding, pleural effusion, infection, and air embolism caused by improper operation are also common. Therefore, rigorous training and repeated practice to enable trainees to master this technique in a standardized and proficient manner has become the most important prerequisite for reducing complications and ensuring patient safety. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned problems. This invention provides a simulation training model component for lung puncture and ablation, featuring a simulated human chest anatomy, highly realistic lung tissue with physical properties similar to human tissue, highly realistic lung nodules of varying locations, sizes, and densities, and devices simulating negative pressure in the pleural cavity and hemodynamics in the hilum. This provides a teaching simulation device for medical institutions to conduct training and assessments in lung puncture biopsy and microwave ablation therapy techniques. Trainees use real medical equipment to simulate the entire process of lung nodule puncture biopsy and microwave ablation, gaining a realistic experience. Through repeated practice and in-depth understanding, they can master the operating procedures and key techniques. Furthermore, the model also provides pre-trial testing and effective preoperative planning for specific real cases.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a lung puncture and ablation simulation training model component, comprising an adult male upper body model composed of a chest simulation human body model, highly realistic lung tissue, and a simulated hilum device.

[0006] The chest simulation human body model includes a left pleural cavity and a right pleural cavity, which are installed with relatively independent and sealed structures. The left pleural cavity and the right pleural cavity are respectively connected to the left main bronchus and the right main bronchus. The left pleural cavity and the right pleural cavity are respectively provided with sealing holes for the left main bronchus and the right main bronchus to pass through at their respective ends. The ends of the left main bronchus and the right main bronchus near the pleural cavity are fixed with clips, and the ends of the left main bronchus and the right main bronchus away from the pleural cavity are connected with trachea.

[0007] The highly realistic lung tissue includes a left lung tissue and a right lung tissue, which are located in the left pleural cavity and the right pleural cavity, respectively. Both the left lung tissue and the right lung tissue have hilar grooves and three lung nodule structures with different characteristics.

[0008] The simulated hilum device includes a blood sac, which can be placed in the hilum groove and is fixed to the ends of the left main bronchus and the right main bronchus by the clips.

[0009] A flow rate sensor is connected to one end of the blood sac near the left main bronchus and the right main bronchus;

[0010] The blood sac is made of self-healing polyurethane elastomer.

[0011] Preferably, the left and right pleural cavities are located within the chest simulation human body model and are close to the rib bed. A negative pressure tube is connected to each of the left and right pleural cavities. The extension end of the negative pressure tube extends through the chest simulation human body model. A one-way valve is connected to the negative pressure tube, and the one-way valve can be connected to an external negative pressure device to simulate the negative pressure of the pleural cavity.

[0012] Preferably, the highly simulated lung tissue is made of biopolymer materials with physical properties similar to human tissue, has interlobar fissures, supports CT scanning and operation of real medical devices, and provides a realistic tactile experience during hands-on operation.

[0013] Preferably, all six lung nodules are made using three-dimensional data of real organs and biopolymer materials, and are placed in different locations of the highly simulated lung tissue, with varying sizes and densities, thereby supporting the application of real ablation equipment to simulate lung nodule puncture biopsy and microwave ablation operations under multiple modes.

[0014] Preferably, the simulated hilum device is a closed water circulation system containing two blood sacs with a capacity of 200ml each. The two blood sacs are located in the hilum grooves respectively, and the blood sacs are filled with flowing simulated blood. The trachea, the left main bronchus, and the right main bronchus are respectively provided with inlet and outlet water pipes, one end of which is connected to the blood sacs, and the end of which is away from the blood sacs is connected to an electric micro-circulation water pump. The simulated blood contains a fluorescent agent, and a fluorescence detector is connected to the left and right pleural cavities.

[0015] Preferably, a three-way valve is connected to the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe respectively, and the flow direction of blood on the left and right sides is adjusted by switching the three-way valve.

[0016] Preferably, the end of the chest simulation human body model away from the human head is movably equipped with a base, which enables the chest simulation human body model to open and close.

[0017] Preferably, the elastic expansion of the blood sac can fill the entire hilar groove, relying on tension to tightly adhere to and stabilize the highly realistic lung tissue.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. The model simulates the anatomical structure of the human chest, with clear surface landmarks. It can simulate the location of puncture points, planning of puncture paths, and layer-by-layer puncture techniques under different body positions.

[0020] 2. Both lung tissue and lung nodules are made using three-dimensional data of real organs and biopolymer materials. Their physical properties are similar to those of human tissue. Lung nodules vary in location, size, and density. They support CT scans and operation of real medical devices, as well as the application of real ablation equipment to simulate lung nodule puncture biopsy and microwave ablation techniques in various modes. The hands-on experience is realistic, and the training effect is fed back in real time. Modules such as pleural cavity, trachea, lung tissue, and simulated hilum can be reused and are easy to replace.

[0021] 3. The model is used for specialized training and assessment, enabling beginners to master the skills of lung nodule puncture biopsy and microwave ablation, thereby improving their standardization and proficiency. It can fully meet the teaching needs of medical colleges and medical institutions. In addition, the model can be customized and developed according to specific real cases, providing operators with effective preoperative planning and pre-experimentation.

[0022] 4. By using flow rate sensors, fluorescence detectors, and control centers, the system analyzes and identifies problems that arise during simulated surgery and the trainees' handling methods to ensure adaptability to real surgical procedures. This helps trainees develop psychological resilience and emergency response capabilities. Additionally, the blood sac 305 is made of a repairable material to prevent significant loss of simulated blood 306 if the sac 305 is damaged and not properly repaired, thus avoiding difficulties in cleaning and using the training device. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a frontal planar structural diagram of the components of the lung puncture and ablation simulation training model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the left-side view plane structure of the lung puncture and ablation simulation training model components;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the right-side view plane structure of the components of the lung puncture and ablation simulation training model;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the simulated hilum device in the lung puncture and ablation simulation training model.

[0027] Figure labels: 10, chest simulation human body model; 101, left pleural cavity; 102, right pleural cavity; 103, one-way valve; 104, negative pressure tube; 105, negative pressure gauge; 106, syringe; 107, trachea; 108, left main bronchus; 109, right main bronchus; 110, cassette; 111, sealing hole; 112, base; 20, highly realistic lung tissue; 201, left lung tissue; 202, right lung tissue; 203, pulmonary nodule; 204, hilar groove; 30, simulated hilar device; 301, inlet pipe; 302, outlet pipe; 303, closed end; 304, three-way valve; 305, blood sac; 306, simulated blood. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] like Figures 1-4As shown, this invention can fully simulate lung nodule puncture biopsy and microwave ablation techniques. The lung puncture and ablation simulation training model consists of a chest simulation human body model 10, highly realistic lung tissue 20, and a simulated hilum device 30. The highly realistic lung tissue 20 is connected inside the chest simulation human body model 10, and the simulated hilum device 30 is connected inside the highly realistic lung tissue 20.

[0031] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the chest simulation human body model 10 is an upper body model simulating the anatomical structure of an adult male chest. It is covered with silicone simulated skin and features clear surface landmarks such as the sternum, ribs, scapula, and thoracic vertebrae, fully simulating the real human body during surgery. Inside the model, closely fitted to the rib bed, are silicone-made left and right pleural cavities 101 and 102, both of which can be opened and closed tightly for easy replacement. Negative pressure tubes 104, connected to one-way valves 103, extend outside the pleural cavities. One end of each negative pressure tube 104 is connected to the left and right pleural cavities 101 and 102 respectively, while the other end can be connected to a negative pressure gauge 105 and a 50ml syringe 106. Through repeated aspiration, the negative pressure value within the pleural cavity can be set and read. Figure 1 As shown. The silicone trachea 107, the left main bronchus 108, and the right main bronchus 109 are fixed between the two pleural cavities by a clamp 110. The left main bronchus 108 and the right main bronchus 109 extend into the two pleural cavities through the sealing hole 111. A rectangular wooden base 112 is installed at the bottom of the model. The base 112 is the same width as the shoulders and is used to position the model in various positions such as supine, prone, and lateral, so as to adapt to and cope with different surgical situations. By removing the base 112, the two pleural cavities can be opened for the replacement and repair of the parts inside the model.

[0032] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the highly realistic lung tissue 20 specifically includes left lung tissue 201, right lung tissue 202, and lung nodules 203. Both sides of the highly realistic lung tissue 20 are equipped with hilar grooves 204 to accommodate the simulated hilar devices 30 on both sides. These are fixed to the ends of the left main bronchus 108 and the right main bronchus 109 via clips 110. The left lung tissue 201 has an oblique fissure and three lung nodules 203: a 10mm diameter ground-glass nodule 203 near the apex of the upper lobe, a 30mm diameter solid nodule 203 near the hilum in the posterior segment of the lower lobe, and a 15mm diameter ground-glass nodule 203 near the diaphragm in the anterior medial basal segment of the lower lobe. The right lung tissue 202 has horizontal and oblique fissures and three lung nodules 203: a 20mm diameter solid nodule 203 beside the superior vena cava in the anterior segment of the upper lobe, a 5mm diameter ground-glass nodule 203 near the pleura in the posterior segment of the upper lobe, and a 25mm diameter solid nodule 203 near the hilum in the medial segment of the middle lobe. Figure 1 , Figure 3As shown, the highly realistic lung tissue 20 is made using biopolymer materials such as 3D data of real organs, photopolymerization rapid prototyping, silicone molding, and 3D printing. Its physical properties are similar to those of human tissue. It supports CT scans and operation with real medical devices such as puncture cannulas and ablation antennas. Ablation parameters can be set to repeatedly practice various modes of lung nodule puncture and microwave ablation techniques, providing a realistic tactile experience.

[0033] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, the simulated hilum device 30 is divided into left and right sides, and its position corresponds to the left pleural cavity 101 and the right pleural cavity 102, respectively. It consists of an inlet pipe 301, an outlet pipe 302, a closed end 303, a three-way valve 304, a blood sac 305, and simulated blood 306.

[0034] like Figure 4 As shown, the inlet pipe 301 and outlet pipe 302 are installed inside the trachea 107 and the two main bronchi. The inlet pipe 301 and outlet pipe 302 open downwards into two small holes at the closed ends 303 of the two main bronchi, and exit upwards through the cricothyroid membrane of the trachea 107 to exit the model. The inlet pipe 301 and outlet pipe 302 on the left and right sides are respectively connected to a three-way valve 304, which in turn connects to an electric micro-circulation water pump. The three-way valve 304 is adjusted to switch the flow direction of the simulated blood 306 to the left and right sides. The blood sac 305 is an oval elastic rubber bag with a capacity of 200ml, which can store the simulated blood 306. It is fixed to the ends of the left main bronchi 108 and the right main bronchi 109 by a clip 110 and placed in the hilar grooves 204 of the lung tissue on both sides. Simulated blood 306 is pumped into the blood sac 305 by an electric micro-circulation water pump through the inlet pipe 301. The blood sac 305 can expand elastically until it fills the entire hilar groove 204. It relies on tension to tightly fit and stabilize the highly realistic lung tissue 20. Then it flows back into the water pump through the outlet pipe 302, thereby simulating the continuous blood flow and pulsation of the large blood vessels in the hilum.

[0035] It should also be noted that this training model can adjust parameters or be customized and developed based on specific real cases, providing surgeons with effective preoperative planning and pre-experimentation.

[0036] The method of using this invention is as follows: Place the model on the operating table, determine the training area as the left or right side, connect the one-way valve 103 of the negative pressure tube 104 of the pleural cavity on that side to the negative pressure suction device, and repeatedly aspirate with a 50ml syringe 106. The pointer of the negative pressure gauge 105 is at -0.4 to -0.6 kPa (approximately -4 to -6 cm water column), indicating that the pleural cavity on that side is under negative pressure. Connect the inlet pipe 301 and outlet pipe 302 of the simulated hilum device 30 to an electric microcirculation water pump, adjust the three-way valve 304 to allow simulated blood 306 to continuously enter and exit the blood sac 305 on that side. The blood sac 305 continuously expands to fill the hilar groove 204 of the highly simulated lung tissue 20, thereby achieving close adhesion and stabilization of the lung tissue and forming a pulsating phenomenon similar to the large blood vessels of the hilum.

[0037] The model utilizes the stability of the four sides of the base 112 to set the required training position, places positioning fences, and uses a low-dose chest CT scan model to determine the location, size, and shape of lung nodule 203. It designs the skin puncture point, i.e., the shortest puncture path from the chest wall to lung nodule 203, and the distance from the skin puncture point to the distal end of lung nodule 203. After routine disinfection, draping, and local anesthesia, different types of trocars are selected and inserted layer by layer from the positioning point on the body surface along the puncture path, allowing the user to experience the different sensations of penetrating the pleura and entering the lung tissue. Once the desired depth is reached, the needle insertion is stopped, and another CT scan is performed to observe the positional relationship between the trocar and lung nodule 203. The needle depth and angle are adjusted to a satisfactory distance, the trocar core is removed, and a biopsy needle is inserted to simulate a biopsy procedure. To simulate microwave ablation, different models of ablation antennas can be inserted. The ablation temperature, time, power, and number of cycles can be set using real ablation equipment. Microwave ablation training can be conducted based on the different locations and sizes of the lung nodules 203, and can be practiced in multiple modes, including single-point, single-point, multi-electrode single-point, or multi-cycle training. The six lung nodules 203 designed in this invention represent different locations, sizes, and densities, providing targeted training for beginners' microwave ablation techniques. For example, when puncturing a solid lung nodule 203 located near the hilum, improper operation may damage the hilar vessels, manifesting as rupture of the blood sac 305 in the simulated hilum device 30, resulting in massive bleeding and indicating training failure. After ablation, the puncture cannula is removed, and a CT scan is performed to observe the boundaries of the ablated lung nodule 203, providing immediate efficacy evaluation. The pleural pressure gauge readings are observed to determine if pneumothorax complications have occurred. The base 112 is opened to remove lung tissue, and the ablation site is dissected to directly assess the ablation range and provide real-time feedback on the training effect.

[0038] Other possible applications: This invention can be customized to fit specific real cases and placed in the corresponding lung tissue. Operators can formulate preoperative puncture and ablation paths based on real imaging data, and use model pre-experiments and repeated drills to provide effective solutions for real surgery.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] Based on the above embodiment 1, although the simulation analysis of the surgical process is solved to explore the most suitable surgical plan for the patient, at the same time, since it is impossible to simulate the unexpected situations during the surgery, it is not possible to handle and deal with unexpected situations well in the real surgery. In addition, it is not possible to understand the consequences of surgical errors in the simulation, and it still cannot closely resemble the real surgery. Errors in the real surgery may affect the patient's life.

[0041] To address the aforementioned technical issues, a flow rate sensor is connected to one end of the blood sac 305 near the left main bronchus 108 and the right main bronchus 109. Furthermore, an electric micro-circulation water pump is used to simulate blood flow in blood vessels, thus fully simulating the flow of blood in the human body during surgery. Fluorescence detectors are connected to the left pleural cavity 101 and the right pleural cavity 102. Fluorescent agents are added to the simulated blood 306. When the blood sac 305 ruptures and sprays out the simulated blood 306, the fluorescent agent components within the model are detected by the fluorescence detectors. By analyzing the spray angle and splash range of the fluorescent agent, the flow during surgery is simulated. In practice, this allows trained doctors to recognize and understand the condition of ruptured blood vessels, facilitating responses to unexpected situations during surgery. Simultaneously, the data from the fluorescence detector scan is displayed on the screen of the external control center. The external control center also has pre-uploaded data on different operational malfunctions corresponding to varying blood splash angles. Therefore, when the fluorescence detector is used to scan the chest simulation human model 10, the distribution range and splash angle of the fluorescent agent are collected and identified. The external control center displays the scan results, along with the cause of the situation, its consequences, and emergency response methods.

[0042] It should be noted that, in order to facilitate the recording and detection of the situation at each stage inside the model during simulated surgery, a control center panel is connected to the outside of the training model.

[0043] Furthermore, when the blood sac 305 ruptures, the volume of simulated blood circulated by the electric micro-circulation water pump inside the blood sac 305 decreases, and the flow rate of the simulated blood 306 decreases. At this time, when the flow rate sensor detects that the blood flow rate of the simulated blood 306 is missing or does not meet the blood environment of the surgical simulation, the flow rate sensor identifies and detects the flow rate of the simulated blood inside the blood sac 305, and uploads the detected data to the control center to ensure that all parameters conform to the real situation during the simulated surgery.

[0044] In order to simulate real surgical situations and ensure the complete performance of the surgery even in the event of various emergencies, the material of the blood sac 305 is set as a self-healing polyurethane elastomer, which can automatically and slowly repair the wound on the blood sac 305.

[0045] During the simulated surgery, the trainee judges and chooses the next step: repairing the blood sac 305 or continuing the procedure. This simulates and assesses emergency situations encountered in real surgery. For example, if a small tear (minor bleeding) occurs in the blood sac 305 due to mishandling, it will not significantly affect the patient. In this case, the trainee can decide to continue the surgery without addressing the blood sac 305, allowing it to self-repair using its repairable material, thus not affecting subsequent surgical procedures. Simultaneously, during the repair process of the blood sac 305, the simulated blood 306 remains in a state of overflow. A flow rate sensor monitors the state of the simulated blood 306, and a fluorescence detector identifies the fluorescent agent within the pleural cavity. After the surgery, the control center displays and describes the results of the procedure, assessing the rationality of the action and the depth of its impact on the patient.

[0046] When a large gap is created in the blood sac 305 due to misoperation, the doctor can choose to actively repair the gap based on their judgment. This simulates an emergency during surgery to ensure the patient's safety. After repair, the surgery continues on the model until completion. The flow rate sensor and fluorescence detector are used to display the situation during the surgery, and the control center also displays the data to determine whether the emergency response was appropriate and whether the surgery was successful or failed. At the same time, if a large gap appears in the blood sac 305, the trainee can also choose to continue the surgery without stopping the bleeding in the blood sac 305.

[0047] By using flow rate sensors, fluorescence detectors, and control centers, the system analyzes and identifies problems that arise during simulated surgery and the trainees' handling methods, ensuring that the procedures are adapted to those in real surgery. This helps trainees develop psychological resilience and emergency response capabilities. At the same time, the blood sac 305 is made of a repairable material to prevent the large-scale loss of simulated blood 306 if the blood sac 305 is damaged and not repaired, thus avoiding situations that would hinder the cleaning and use of the training device.

[0048] It should be noted that the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0049] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A simulation training model component for lung puncture and ablation, characterized in that: This includes an adult male upper body model consisting of a chest simulation human body model, highly realistic lung tissue, and a simulated hilum device; The chest simulation human body model includes a left pleural cavity and a right pleural cavity, which are installed with relatively independent and sealed structures. The left pleural cavity and the right pleural cavity are respectively connected to the left main bronchus and the right main bronchus. The left pleural cavity and the right pleural cavity are respectively provided with sealing holes for the left main bronchus and the right main bronchus to pass through at their respective ends. The ends of the left main bronchus and the right main bronchus near the pleural cavity are fixed with clips, and the ends of the left main bronchus and the right main bronchus away from the pleural cavity are connected with trachea. The highly realistic lung tissue includes a left lung tissue and a right lung tissue, which are located in the left pleural cavity and the right pleural cavity, respectively. Both the left lung tissue and the right lung tissue have hilar grooves and three lung nodule structures with different characteristics. The simulated hilum device includes two blood sacs with a capacity of 200ml each. The two blood sacs are located in the hilum groove and are fixed to the ends of the left main bronchus and the right main bronchus by the clips. The blood sacs are filled with flowing simulated blood. The trachea, the left main bronchus, and the right main bronchus are respectively equipped with inlet pipes and outlet pipes, and one end of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe is connected to the blood sac, and the end of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe away from the blood sac is connected to an electric micro-circulation water pump to form a closed water circulation system. The inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are respectively connected to three-way valves for adjusting the flow direction of blood on the left and right sides; A flow rate sensor is connected to one end of the blood sac near the left main bronchus and the right main bronchus. A fluorescent agent is added to the simulated blood. A fluorescence detector is connected to the left pleural cavity and the right pleural cavity. The flow rate sensor and the fluorescence detector are used to detect changes in the flow rate of the simulated blood and the distribution of the fluorescent agent when the blood sac ruptures. The blood sac is made of self-healing polyurethane elastomer. The elastic expansion of the blood sac can fill the entire hilar groove, and it tightly adheres to and stabilizes the highly realistic lung tissue by relying on tension.

2. The lung puncture and ablation simulation training model component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The left and right pleural cavities are located within the chest simulation human body model and are close to the rib bed. A negative pressure tube is connected to each of the left and right pleural cavities. The extension end of the negative pressure tube extends through the chest simulation human body model. A one-way valve is connected to the negative pressure tube. The one-way valve can be connected to an external negative pressure device to simulate the negative pressure of the pleural cavity.

3. The lung puncture and ablation simulation training model component according to claim 2, characterized in that, The highly realistic lung tissue is made of biopolymer materials with physical properties similar to human tissue, has interlobar fissures, supports CT scans and operation of real medical devices, and provides a realistic tactile experience.

4. The lung puncture and ablation simulation training model component according to claim 3, characterized in that, The six lung nodules were fabricated using three-dimensional data of real organs and biopolymer materials, and were placed in different locations of the highly simulated lung tissue. They varied in size and density, thus supporting the application of real ablation equipment to simulate lung nodule puncture biopsy and microwave ablation operations under multiple modes.

5. The lung puncture and ablation simulation training model component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chest-shaped human body model has a base at the end furthest from the head, which allows the chest-shaped human body model to be opened and closed.

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