Tunnel understep mechanized excavation construction device and method

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and particularly relates to a tunnel lower step mechanized excavation construction device and method. The device comprises an excavation mechanism, a digging mechanism, a cockpit and a winch residue discharging mechanism. The excavation mechanism is located at the right side of the cockpit, and the digging mechanism is located above the excavation mechanism. The excavation mechanism comprises a sliding assembly, a transverse telescopic assembly, a vibrator assembly, a drilling machine sliding platform, a strip drilling machine platform, a drilling machine rear end air pump pushing assembly, a drilling machine and a drill rod which are connected in sequence. The digging mechanism comprises a planing arm base. A first folding arm, a second folding arm and a third folding arm are hingedly connected in sequence above the planing arm base. A planing claw is arranged at the tail end of the third folding arm. The winch residue discharging mechanism comprises a front section width gradually changing hopper, a hopper conveying section, a winch inclined section and a discharge port section which are connected in sequence. The application does not need large-scale manual drilling and blasting construction, realizes lower step excavation mechanization operation, is continuous in operation, has low dust content in the tunnel, improves excavation efficiency and reduces cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel construction technology, and specifically relates to a mechanized excavation device and method for tunnel bench excavation. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, during the excavation of the lower bench of the tunnel, a series of complex procedures such as drilling, blasting, ventilation and smoke removal, and slag removal are often required. This process has the following problems: (1) It requires large-scale manual drilling again, which greatly increases manpower input and prolongs the required construction time. (2) After the lower bench is charged and detonated, a large amount of dust is spread, which reduces the quality of the construction environment inside the tunnel. Long-term ventilation and dust suppression are required, which increases the construction cost. (3) Before and after the lower bench blasting, the relevant procedures in front of the tunnel face and behind the lower bench must be suspended, which increases the overall construction time of the tunnel. (4) The lower bench blasting will generate a large amount of slag, which needs to be transported by loaders and trucks, which prolongs the construction period. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a mechanized excavation device and method for tunnel bench excavation, which eliminates the need for large-scale manual drilling and blasting, enabling mechanized bench excavation, continuous operation, low dust content in the tunnel, improved excavation efficiency, and reduced costs.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention is as follows: a mechanized excavation and construction device for tunnel benching, comprising an excavation mechanism, a cutting mechanism, a cab, and a hoisting muck removal mechanism. The excavation mechanism is located to the right of the cab, the cutting mechanism is located above the excavation mechanism, and the hoisting muck removal mechanism is located below the excavation mechanism at one end near the tunnel excavation face and to the left of the cab at the other end away from the tunnel excavation face. A muck removal vehicle is located below the hoisting mechanism. The excavation mechanism includes a sliding assembly, a lateral telescopic assembly, a vibrator assembly, a drilling rig sliding platform, a strip drilling rig platform, and a drilling rig rear air pump jacking assembly connected in sequence. The drilling rig and drill rod, the excavation mechanism includes a planer arm base, above which a first folding arm, a second folding arm and a third folding arm are sequentially hinged, and the end of the third folding arm is provided with a planer claw; the hoisting slag discharge mechanism includes a front width-gradient receiving bucket, a receiving bucket conveying section, a hoisting inclined section and a discharge port section connected in sequence, a receiving bucket support is provided at the connection between the front width-gradient receiving bucket and the receiving bucket conveying section, an upper pressure hoisting assembly is provided at the connection between the receiving bucket conveying section and the hoisting inclined section, a lower pressure hoisting assembly is provided at the connection between the hoisting inclined section and the discharge port section, and hoisting rubber belts are respectively sleeved on the outer sides of the receiving bucket conveying section, the hoisting inclined section and the discharge port section.

[0005] The sliding assembly includes a vertical slide rail plate, a vertical slide core back plate, a horizontal slide rail plate, and a horizontal slide core back plate connected in sequence. The vertical slide rail plate includes a vertical slide core back plate with two parallel vertical slide tracks. Vertical support plates are respectively provided on the bottom sides of the two vertical slide tracks near the left and right ends of the vertical slide core back plate. Vertical jacks are fixedly connected to the vertical support plates. The vertical slide core back plate has a vertical slide core corresponding to the vertical slide tracks. The vertical slide core back plate has a first connecting limiting hole plate corresponding to the vertical support plate. A vertical limiting pin is provided in the first connecting limiting hole plate, and the vertical slide core back plate is connected via the vertical limiting pin. The transverse sliding plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the vertical jack. It includes a transverse sliding back plate with two parallel transverse sliding grooves. The bottom right side of the two transverse sliding grooves is provided with transverse support plates near the upper and lower surfaces of the transverse sliding back plate. A transverse jack is fixedly connected to the transverse support plate. The transverse sliding core back plate is provided with a transverse sliding core corresponding to the transverse sliding groove. The transverse sliding core back plate is provided with a second connecting limiting hole plate corresponding to the transverse support plate. A transverse limiting pin is provided in the second connecting limiting hole plate. The transverse sliding core back plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the transverse jack through the transverse limiting pin.

[0006] The lateral telescopic assembly includes multiple lateral telescopic jack bottom sleeves disposed on the right side of the sliding assembly. A lateral telescopic jack is disposed inside the bottom sleeve of the lateral telescopic jack. A lateral telescopic jack tail fiber nail is disposed on the bottom side of the bottom sleeve of the lateral telescopic jack. A lateral telescopic jack tail connector is disposed on one side of the bottom sleeve of the lateral telescopic jack. A lateral telescopic jack head pin is disposed on the side of the output end of the lateral telescopic jack.

[0007] The vibrator assembly includes an oscillating base back plate. On the left side of the oscillating base back plate is a transverse telescopic jack head sleeve corresponding to the bottom sleeve of the transverse telescopic jack. The bottom side of the transverse telescopic jack head sleeve has a transverse jack head connection limiting hole. A transverse telescopic jack head pin is fixedly connected to the output end of the transverse telescopic jack and the transverse telescopic jack head sleeve through the transverse jack head connection limiting hole. The top of the oscillating base back plate has multiple oscillator bottom sleeves. The bottom side of each oscillator bottom sleeve has an oscillator limiting pin. An oscillator is located inside each oscillator bottom sleeve. An oscillator connector is located at the lower part of each oscillator. An oscillator end connection limiting pin is located at the upper output end of each oscillator. The right side of the oscillating base back plate has two parallel vertical oscillating base plate grooves.

[0008] The drilling rig sliding platform includes a back plate. Multiple hydraulic jack bottom sleeves are located at the top of the back plate. A sleeve limiting pin is located on the bottom side of each hydraulic jack bottom sleeve. A hydraulic telescopic jack is located inside each hydraulic jack bottom sleeve. A jack bottom connector is located at the bottom of each hydraulic telescopic jack. A jack head limiting pin is located at the top output end of each hydraulic telescopic jack. A drilling rig sliding platform sliding core is located on the left side of the back plate, corresponding to the sliding groove of the vertical oscillating base plate. An oscillator end retaining ring is located on the left side of the back plate, corresponding to the oscillator. A back sliding groove is located on the right side of the back plate.

[0009] The strip drilling rig platform includes a horizontal strip drilling rig platform and a vertical strip drilling rig platform, which are L-shaped. The horizontal strip drilling rig platform has a hydraulic telescopic jack latch, and the top output end of the hydraulic telescopic jack is fixedly connected to the hydraulic telescopic jack latch via a jack head limiting pin. A vertical sliding core is located on the left side of the vertical strip drilling rig platform, and this vertical sliding core is slidably connected to a sliding groove on the back of the drilling rig sliding platform. Multiple strip drilling rigs are located on the right side of the vertical strip drilling rig platform. The platform sleeve of the strip drilling rig platform sleeve is equipped with a rear air pump jacking assembly for the drilling rig. The rear air pump jacking assembly includes an air pump inner chamber. An air pressure pump inlet pipe is provided on the side of the air pump inner chamber. An air pump tail end connector is provided at the bottom left side of the air pump inner chamber. A limiting pin is provided on the side of the air pump tail end connector. An air chamber end clamp is provided at the right end of the air pump inner chamber. The air chamber end clamp is connected to a convex clamp of the air chamber telescopic rod. An air chamber telescopic rod is provided inside the convex clamp of the air chamber telescopic rod. A limiting pin for the air pressure telescopic rod end is provided on the right side of the air chamber telescopic rod.

[0010] The drilling rig includes a drilling motor. A motor air pump sleeve is provided on the left side of the drilling motor. The motor air pump sleeve is fixedly connected to the right end of the air chamber telescopic rod through a limit pin at the end of the air pressure telescopic rod. A motor sleeve is provided on the right side of the drilling motor. A force transmission rod is provided inside the motor sleeve. A square drill rod chuck is provided at the center of the right side of the force transmission rod. A water inlet is provided on the side of the force transmission rod. The drill rod includes a drill rod wall. A square drill rod chuck is provided on the left side of the drill rod wall. A cross drill bit is provided on the right side. A center water spray hole for the drill rod is provided at the center of the cross drill bit.

[0011] The upper surface of the planer arm base is provided with a fixed hinge. The lower end of the first folding arm is provided with a planer arm clamp, which is connected to the fixed hinge by a pin. A folding arm connecting hinge is provided between the first and second folding arms. A planer arm jack base is provided on the upper side of the first folding arm, and a planer arm jack is provided on the planer arm jack base. A planer arm jack connecting hinge is provided between the output end of the planer arm jack and the lower part of the second folding arm. A planer arm end sleeve is provided at the right end of the third folding arm. A transverse push-pull jack is provided on the side of the planer arm end sleeve. A limit pin is provided at the output end of the transverse push-pull jack. A transverse slide rod is provided inside the planer arm end sleeve. A transverse slide rod end clamp and a transverse slide rod are provided sequentially at the right end of the transverse slide rod. The transverse sliding rod has an end bolt and an end nut. A planer claw is connected to the left end of the transverse sliding rod. The planer claw includes a planer claw tail plate with a planer claw slot on its side. A planer claw sleeve is located in the middle of the tail plate and is sleeved with the transverse sliding rod. A jack back plate is located on the upper right end of the tail plate, and a scraper bucket jack is located on the jack back plate. A pin hole is located on the right end of the tail plate, and a pin is located inside the pin hole. A scraper bucket is connected to the right end of the tail plate via the pin. The scraper bucket has a scraper bucket tail sleeve hole corresponding to the pin hole, and a scraper bucket hinge is located on the scraper bucket tail sleeve hole. The output end of the scraper bucket jack is connected to the scraper bucket hinge.

[0012] The bucket support includes two bottom support truncated cones located below the connection between the front width-gradient bucket and the bucket conveying section. An upper sleeve is connected above each bottom support truncated cone. A rotating fixing core is provided between the upper sleeves. A rotating sleeve is provided outside the rotating fixing core. The upper pressure winch assembly includes a winch rotating sleeve. A winch fixing core is provided inside the winch rotating sleeve. A winch fixing core sleeve is connected to the end of the winch fixing core near the driver's cab. A vehicle side wall connecting block is fixedly connected to the winch fixing core sleeve. An upper pressure roller is also provided above the connection between the bucket conveying surface and the winch inclined section. The lower pressure winch assembly includes a lower pressure roller sleeve. The downward pressure roller sleeve is Z-shaped. The lower sleeve of the Z-shaped downward pressure roller sleeve is equipped with a downward pressure roller, and the downward pressure roller is equipped with a roller bolt. The downward pressure roller is located below the connection between the hoisting inclined section and the discharge port section. The upper sleeve of the Z-shaped downward pressure roller sleeve is equipped with a transmission core. The driven wheel is located at the end of the transmission core near the cab. The driven wheel is connected to the output shaft of the motor via a belt. The motor is fixedly connected to a hoisting side fixing rod. The hoisting side fixing rod is connected to a vehicle body rear wall connecting block. The transmission core is located on both sides of the hoisting rubber belt, and bucket receiving guardrails are respectively provided. Rotating fixing core end bolts are provided on the outer side of the bucket receiving guardrails.

[0013] The cockpit is equipped with a steering control assembly and a braking assembly. The steering control assembly includes a steering wheel, a steering stalk connected below the steering wheel, a drive wheel located on the outer side of the middle of the steering stalk, a steering stalk plug at the bottom of the steering stalk, a two-wheel drive belt outside the drive wheel, a primary driven lever upper gear connected within the two-wheel drive belt, a primary driven lever upper gear connected to a primary driven lever, a primary driven lever lower gear located at the bottom of the primary driven lever, a primary driven lever plug at the bottom of the primary driven lever, a three-wheel drive belt outside the primary driven lever lower gear, two secondary driven gears connected within the three-wheel drive belt, secondary driven levers connected to secondary driven levers, and a lateral connecting rod at the bottom of the secondary driven lever. The connecting rod has a left-side transverse connecting rod connected to the left front wheel and a right-side transverse connecting rod connected to the right front wheel. The brake assembly includes a motor platform with a brake power motor and a forward power motor. The brake power motor has a brake motor drive wheel with a brake belt connected to it. The brake belt is connected to a J-shaped brake pad with a guide groove on its outer side and a rubber friction pad on the inner side of its bent end. A rear wheel axle is located above the rubber friction pad. A forward power motor drive wheel is located on the outer side of the forward power motor with a transmission belt connected to it. A wheel axle brake driven wheel is connected inside the transmission belt. A left rear wheel and a right rear wheel are located at the left and right ends of the rear wheel axle, respectively.

[0014] A method for mechanized excavation of tunnel benches, using any of the mechanized excavation devices for tunnel benches as described above, is characterized by the following steps:

[0015] S1: After the tunnel is excavated and the tunnel is entered, the mechanized excavation construction device for the lower bench of the tunnel is driven through the constructed road surface to the position below the unexcavated lower bench. By gradually adjusting the sliding component, the lateral telescopic component, and the drilling rig sliding platform, the excavation mechanism is aligned with and attached to the lower bench area to be excavated. The strip drilling rig platform is adjusted in sequence to make the strip drilling rig form a gradual trend from high to low from left to right to meet the excavation requirements of the arc-shaped contour of the lower bench.

[0016] S2: Activate the air pump jacking assembly at the rear of the drilling rig, and the drilling rig drives the drill rod to drill holes until all drill rods have drilled into the rock mass of the lower bench. Activate the vibrator assembly to break up the excavated rock mass and drop it to the lower hoisting and muck removal mechanism. Then, configure the corresponding muck removal vehicle to transport the waste muck to the outside of the tunnel.

[0017] S3: For the slag that has not fallen to the hoisting slag removal mechanism on the lower step, the excavation and planing mechanism is activated. The planing claws completely plan the slag in the horizontal excavation area into the hoisting slag removal mechanism until all the slag on the lower step is cleared. The lower step excavation construction is completed in this cycle.

[0018] The technical advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention uses a strip drilling platform to drive the drill rod for drilling and vibrator assembly to break up the excavated rock mass. Compared with existing manual drilling and blasting methods, this method has high work efficiency, low dust content in the tunnel, and eliminates the need for specialized dust removal operations; 2. By adjusting the sliding assembly, lateral telescopic assembly, and drilling rig sliding platform, this invention allows the excavation mechanism to quickly align and adhere to the lower step area to be excavated. The strip drilling platform allows the strip drilling rig to form a gradual gradient from high to low from left to right. 1. To meet the excavation requirements of the curved profile of the lower bench; 2. The present invention uses a digging mechanism with a first, second, and third folding arm to drive the cutting claw, which can easily handle the waste that has not fallen to the hoisting and muck removal mechanism in the transverse excavation area, meeting the cleaning requirements of the excavation. The waste can be cleaned up at the same time as the excavation, resulting in high construction efficiency; 3. The present invention uses a hoisting and muck removal mechanism to send all the waste from the lower bench to the rear of the mechanized excavation construction device for the lower bench of the tunnel, and then removes it by muck truck without affecting the operation of the excavation mechanism and the digging mechanism.

[0019] The following will provide further explanation in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a mechanized excavation and construction device for tunnel benches according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the excavation mechanism of a mechanized excavation construction device for tunnel lower benches according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical sliding groove plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical sliding core backplate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse sliding plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a side view of the structure of the transverse slide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lateral telescopic component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a front view of the vibrator assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a rear view of the vibrator assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10This is a front view of the drilling rig sliding platform according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 11 This is a rear view of the drilling rig sliding platform according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the strip drilling rig platform and the air pump jacking assembly at the rear end of the drilling rig, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling rig and drill rod according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the excavation mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the third folding arm and planer claw in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the slag removal mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the bucket support structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower-pressure winch assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the direction control component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the brake assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Reference numerals: 1-Excavation mechanism; 2-Digging mechanism; 3-Cockpit; 4-Winding muck removal mechanism; 5-Muck removal vehicle; 6-Constructed road surface; 7-Unexcavated lower bench; 8-Upper bench face; 11-Vertical chute plate; 12-Vertical sliding core back plate; 13-Horizontal chute plate; 14-Horizontal telescopic assembly; 15-Vibrator assembly; 16-Drilling rig sliding platform; 17-Bar drilling rig platform; 18-Drilling rig rear air pump jacking assembly; 19-Drilling rig; 110-Drill rod; 111-Vertical chute back plate; 112-Vertical slide; 113-Vertical jack; 114-Vertical support plate; 121-First connecting limiting hole plate; 122-Vertical limiting nail; 123-Vertical sliding core; 131-Horizontal sliding back plate; 132-Horizontal Sliding groove; 133-Transverse support plate; 134-Transverse jack; 135-Transverse sliding core back plate; 136-Transverse limiting pin; 137-Second connecting limiting hole plate; 138-Transverse sliding core; 141-Bottom sleeve of transverse telescopic jack; 142-Fiber nail at the tail of transverse telescopic jack; 143-Tail connector of transverse telescopic jack; 144-Transverse telescopic jack; 145-Top pin of transverse telescopic jack; 151-Oscillator base back plate; 152-Bottom sleeve of oscillator; 153-Supporting pin of oscillator; 154-Oscillator connector; 155-Oscillator; 156-End connecting limiting pin of oscillator; 157-Top sleeve of transverse telescopic jack; 158-End connecting limiting hole of transverse jack; 159- Vertical oscillating base plate groove; 161-Hydraulic jack bottom sleeve; 162-Sleeve limit pin; 163-Jack bottom connector; 164-Hydraulic telescopic jack; 165-Jack top limit pin; 166-Oscillator end retaining ring; 167-Drilling rig sliding platform back plate; 168-Drilling rig sliding platform sliding core; 169-Drilling rig sliding platform back groove; 171-Bar-type drilling rig platform horizontal plate; 172-Hydraulic telescopic jack clamp; 173-Drilling rig platform vertical sliding core; 174-Bar-type drilling rig platform vertical plate; 175-Bar-type drilling rig platform sleeve; 181-Air pump tail end connector; 182-Air pump inner chamber; 183-Air chamber end retaining ring; 184-Limit pin; 185-Air pump inlet pipe; 186-Air chamber 187-Extension rod convex chuck; 188-Air chamber extension rod; 191-Pneumatic extension rod end limit pin; 192-Drill motor; 193-Motor air pump sleeve; 194-Motor sleeve; 195-Force transmission rod; 196-Drill rod square chuck; 1101-Drill rod square chuck; 1102-Drill rod wall; 1103-Cross drill bit; 1104-Drill rod center water jet hole; 21-Cut arm base; 22-Fixed hinge; 23-Cut arm chuck; 24-Pin; 25-First folding arm; 26-Folding arm connecting hinge; 27-Cut arm jack base; 28-Cut arm jack; 29-Cut arm jack connecting hinge; 210-Second folding arm; 211-Third folding arm; 212-Cut claw; 2111-Horizontal push-pull jack.2112-Limit pin; 2113-Planer arm end sleeve; 2114-Transverse sliding rod end nut; 2115-Transverse sliding rod end bolt; 2116-Transverse sliding rod end sleeve; 2117-Transverse sliding rod; 2121-Planer claw slot; 2122-Planer claw tailplate; 2123-Planer claw sleeve; 2124-Pin; 2125-Pin hole; 2126-Scraper bucket jack; 2127-Jack back plate; 2128-Scraper bucket tail sleeve hole; 2129-Scraper bucket; 212 10-Scraper hinge; 31-Steering control assembly; 311-Steering wheel; 312-Steering lever; 313-Drive pulley; 314-Steering lever plug; 315-Upper gear of first-stage driven lever; 316-First-stage driven lever; 317-Lower gear of first-stage driven lever; 318-First-stage driven lever plug; 319-Two-wheel drive belt; 3110-Second-stage driven gear; 3111-Second-stage driven lever; 3112-Transverse connecting rod; 3113-Left front wheel; 3114-Right front wheel; 311 5-Three-wheel drive belt; 32-Brake assembly; 321-Brake motor; 322-Brake motor drive pulley; 323-Brake belt; 324-Guide groove; 325-J-type brake pad; 326-Rubber friction plate; 327-Forward drive motor; 328-Forward drive motor drive pulley; 329-Wheel axle brake driven pulley; 3210-Drive belt; 3211-Motor platform; 3212-Left rear wheel; 3213-Right rear wheel; 3214-Rear axle; 41-Front section width 42-Gradual bucket connection; 43-Bucket connection conveyor section; 44-Bucket connection support; 45-Car body side wall connecting block; 46-Winder fixing core sleeve; 47-Winder fixing core; 48-Winder rotating sleeve; 49-Winder inclined section; 410-Lower pressing roller; 411-Car body rear wall connecting block; 412-Winder side fixing rod; 413-Motor; 414-Discharge port section; 415-Winder rubber belt; 416-Lower pressing roller sleeve; 417-Transmission core; 418-Bucket connection guardrail; 419-Roller bolt; 420-Rotating fixing core end bolt; 421-Driven wheel; 431-Bottom support truncated pyramid; 432-Upper sleeve; 433-Rotating sleeve; 434-Rotating fixing core. Detailed Implementation

[0041] Example 1

[0042] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 14 , Figure 16As shown, a mechanized excavation and construction device for tunnel benching includes an excavation mechanism 1, a planing mechanism 2, a cab 3, and a hoisting muck removal mechanism 4. The excavation mechanism 1 is located to the right of the cab 3, the planing mechanism 2 is located above the excavation mechanism 1, and the hoisting muck removal mechanism 4 is located below the excavation mechanism 1 at one end near the tunnel excavation face and to the left of the cab 3 at the other end. A muck removal vehicle 5 is located below the hoisting mechanism 4. The excavation mechanism 1 includes a sliding assembly, a lateral telescopic assembly 14, a vibrator assembly 15, a drilling rig sliding platform 16, a strip drilling rig platform 17, a drilling rig rear air pump jacking assembly 18, a drilling rig 19, and a drill rod 110 connected in sequence. The planing mechanism 2 includes a planing mechanism... The arm base 21 has a first folding arm 25, a second folding arm 210, and a third folding arm 211 hinged sequentially above it. The end of the third folding arm 211 is provided with a planing claw 212. The hoisting slag discharge mechanism 4 includes a front width gradually changing bucket 41, a bucket conveying section 42, a hoisting inclined section 49, and a discharge port section 414 connected sequentially. A bucket support 43 is provided at the connection between the front width gradually changing bucket 41 and the bucket conveying section 42. An upper pressure hoisting assembly is provided at the connection between the bucket conveying section 42 and the hoisting inclined section 49. A lower pressure hoisting assembly is provided at the connection between the hoisting inclined section 49 and the discharge port section 414. Hoisting rubber belts 415 are respectively sleeved on the outer sides of the bucket conveying section 42, the hoisting inclined section 49, and the discharge port section 414.

[0043] In practical use, the mechanized excavation device for tunnel benches is driven through the constructed road surface 6 to the position below the unexcavated bench 7. By gradually adjusting the sliding component, the lateral telescopic component 14, and the drilling rig sliding platform 16, the excavation mechanism 1 is aligned with and attached to the bench area to be excavated. The strip drilling rig platform 17 is adjusted sequentially to create a gradual gradient from high to low from left to right to meet the excavation requirements of the curved profile of the bench. The rear air pump jacking component 18 and the drilling rig 19 are then activated. Drilling is performed using the moving drill rod 110 until all drill rods have penetrated into the rock mass of the lower bench. The vibrator assembly 15 is then activated to break up the excavated rock mass and allow it to fall into the lower hoisting and muck removal mechanism 4. A corresponding muck removal vehicle 5 is then configured to transport the waste muck outside the tunnel. For the waste muck from the lower bench that has not fallen into the hoisting and muck removal mechanism 4, the excavation and planing mechanism 2 is activated. The planing claw 212 is used to completely plan the waste muck from the transverse excavation area into the hoisting and muck removal mechanism 4. This process continues until all the waste muck from the lower bench has been cleared. The lower bench excavation is completed in this cycle. This invention utilizes a strip drilling platform to drive the drill rod for drilling and vibrator assembly to break up the excavated rock mass. Compared to existing manual drilling and blasting methods, this method offers higher operational efficiency, lower dust content within the tunnel, and eliminates the need for specialized dust removal. Furthermore, this invention employs a hoisting muck removal mechanism to transport all waste material from the lower bench to the mechanized excavation equipment behind the tunnel's lower bench, where it is removed by muck trucks. This process does not interfere with the excavation and cutting mechanisms and allows for simultaneous muck removal during excavation, resulting in high construction efficiency.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] Preferably, based on Example 1, in this example, as Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, preferably, the sliding assembly includes a vertical slide rail plate 11, a vertical slide core back plate 12, a horizontal slide rail plate 13, and a horizontal slide core back plate 135 connected in sequence. The vertical slide rail plate 11 includes a vertical slide rail back plate 111, on which two parallel vertical slide tracks 112 are provided. Vertical support plates 114 are respectively provided on the bottom sides of the two vertical slide tracks 112 near the left and right ends of the vertical slide rail back plate 111. A vertical jack 113 is fixedly connected to the vertical support plate 114. The vertical slide core back plate 12 has a vertical slide core 123 corresponding to the vertical slide track 112. The vertical slide core back plate 12 has a first connecting limiting hole plate 121 corresponding to the vertical support plate 114. A vertical limiting pin 122 is provided in the first connecting limiting hole plate 121. The vertical slide core back plate 12 is controlled by the vertical limiting pin 122. The nail 122 is fixedly connected to the output end of the vertical jack 113. The horizontal sliding plate 13 includes a horizontal sliding back plate 131. The horizontal sliding back plate 131 is provided with two parallel horizontal sliding grooves 132. The bottom side of the right end of the two horizontal sliding grooves 132 is provided with horizontal support plates 133 respectively in the direction close to the upper and lower end faces of the horizontal sliding back plate 131. A horizontal jack 134 is fixedly connected to the horizontal support plate 133. The horizontal sliding core back plate 135 is provided with a horizontal sliding core 138 corresponding to the horizontal sliding groove 132. The horizontal sliding core back plate 135 is provided with a second connecting limiting hole plate 137 corresponding to the horizontal support plate 133. A horizontal limiting nail 136 is provided in the second connecting limiting hole plate 137. The horizontal sliding core back plate 135 is fixedly connected to the output end of the horizontal jack 134 through the horizontal limiting nail 136.

[0046] In practical use, the present invention provides a vertical sliding core 123 on the vertical sliding core back plate 12, corresponding to the vertical sliding track 112. The output end of the vertical jack 113 is fixedly connected to the vertical sliding core back plate 12. The horizontal sliding core back plate 135 provides a horizontal sliding core 138, corresponding to the horizontal sliding groove 132. The output end of the horizontal jack 134 is fixedly connected to the horizontal sliding core back plate 135. This allows for the adjustment of the vertical sliding core back plate 12 and the horizontal sliding core back plate 135 of the sliding assembly in both vertical and horizontal directions, thereby enabling the excavation mechanism 1 to adjust its orientation relative to the lower step area to be excavated.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] Preferably, based on Example 1 or Example 2, in this example, as Figure 7As shown, preferably, the lateral telescopic assembly 14 includes a plurality of lateral telescopic jack bottom sleeves 141 disposed on the right side of the sliding assembly. A lateral telescopic jack 144 is disposed inside the lateral telescopic jack bottom sleeve 141. A lateral telescopic jack tail fiber nail 142 is disposed on the bottom side of the lateral telescopic jack bottom sleeve 141. A lateral telescopic jack tail connector 143 is disposed on one side of the bottom of the lateral telescopic jack bottom sleeve 141. A lateral telescopic jack head pin 145 is disposed on the side of the output end of the lateral telescopic jack 144.

[0049] In actual use, the lateral telescopic component 14 of the present invention uses multiple lateral telescopic jacks 144 to adjust the distance between the excavation mechanism 1 and the lower step area to be excavated.

[0050] Example 4

[0051] Preferably, based on Example 1 or Example 3, in this example, as Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, preferably, the vibrator assembly 15 includes an oscillating base back plate 151. The left side of the oscillating base back plate 151 is provided with a transverse telescopic jack head sleeve 157 corresponding to the bottom sleeve 141 of the transverse telescopic jack. The bottom side of the transverse telescopic jack head sleeve 157 is provided with a transverse telescopic jack head connecting and limiting hole 158. The transverse telescopic jack head pin 145 connects the output end of the transverse telescopic jack 144 to the transverse telescopic jack 144 through the transverse telescopic jack head connecting and limiting hole 158. The end sleeve 157 is fixedly connected. The top of the oscillating base back plate 151 is provided with multiple oscillator bottom sleeves 152. The bottom side of the oscillator bottom sleeve 152 is provided with oscillator limiting pins 153. The oscillator bottom sleeve 152 is provided with an oscillator 155. The lower part of the oscillator 155 is provided with an oscillator connector 154. The upper output end of the oscillator 155 is provided with an oscillator end connection limiting pin 156. The right side of the oscillating base back plate 151 is provided with two parallel vertical oscillating base plate slide grooves 159.

[0052] In actual use, the bottom side of the transverse telescopic jack head sleeve 157 of the present invention is provided with a transverse telescopic jack head connecting and limiting hole 158. The transverse telescopic jack head pin 145 fixes the output end of the transverse telescopic jack 144 to the transverse telescopic jack head sleeve 157 through the transverse telescopic jack head connecting and limiting hole 158, so as to realize the connection between the transverse telescopic component 14 and the vibrator component 15.

[0053] Example 5

[0054] Preferably, based on Example 1 or Example 4, in this example, as Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, preferably, the drilling rig sliding platform 16 includes a drilling rig sliding platform back plate 167. The top of the drilling rig sliding platform back plate 167 is provided with multiple hydraulic jack bottom sleeves 161. The bottom side of each hydraulic jack bottom sleeve 161 is provided with a sleeve limiting pin 162. A hydraulic telescopic jack 164 is provided inside the hydraulic jack bottom sleeve 161. A jack bottom connector 163 is provided at the lower part of each hydraulic telescopic jack 164. A jack head limiting pin 165 is provided at the top output end of each hydraulic telescopic jack 164. A drilling rig sliding platform sliding core 168 is provided on the left side of the drilling rig sliding platform back plate 167 at a position corresponding to the vertical oscillation base plate sliding groove 159. An oscillator end retaining ring 166 is provided on the left side of the drilling rig sliding platform back plate 167 at a position corresponding to the oscillator 155. A drilling rig sliding platform back groove 169 is provided on the right side of the drilling rig sliding platform back plate 167.

[0055] In actual use, the drilling rig sliding platform back plate 167 of the present invention is provided with a drilling rig sliding platform sliding core 168 on the left side corresponding to the vertical oscillation base plate sliding groove 159, and the drilling rig sliding platform back plate 167 is provided with an oscillator end retaining ring 166 on the left side corresponding to the oscillator 155. The oscillator 155 is connected to the drilling rig sliding platform 16 through the oscillator end retaining ring 166.

[0056] Example 6

[0057] Preferably, based on Example 1 or Example 5, in this example, as Figure 12As shown, preferably, the strip drilling platform 17 includes a horizontal strip drilling platform 171 and a vertical strip drilling platform 174, which are L-shaped. The horizontal strip drilling platform 171 is provided with a hydraulic telescopic jack slot 172. The top output end of the hydraulic telescopic jack 164 is fixedly connected to the hydraulic telescopic jack slot 172 via a jack head limiting pin 165. A vertical sliding core (173) is provided on the left side of the vertical strip drilling platform 174, and the vertical sliding core 173 is slidably connected to the back sliding groove 169 of the drilling platform. Multiple strip drilling platforms are provided on the right side of the vertical strip drilling platform 174. The platform sleeve 175 contains a drilling rig rear air pump jacking assembly 18. The drilling rig rear air pump jacking assembly 18 includes an air pump inner chamber 182. The air pump inner chamber 182 has an air pressure pump inlet pipe 185 on its side. The bottom left side of the air pump inner chamber 182 has an air pump tail end connector 181. The side of the air pump tail end connector 181 has a limiting pin 184. The right end of the air pump inner chamber 182 has an air chamber end clamp 183. The air chamber end clamp 183 is connected to an air chamber telescopic rod convex clamp 186. The air chamber telescopic rod convex clamp 186 contains an air chamber telescopic rod 187. The right side of the air chamber telescopic rod 187 has a pneumatic telescopic rod end limiting pin 188.

[0058] In actual use, the sleeve 175 of the strip drilling platform of the present invention is provided with a drilling rig rear air pump jacking assembly 18. The drilling rig rear air pump jacking assembly 18 includes an air pump inner chamber 182. The air pump inner chamber 182 is provided with an air pressure pump inlet pipe 185 on its side. The bottom left side of the air pump inner chamber 182 is provided with an air pump tail end connector 181. The side of the air pump tail end connector 181 is provided with a limiting pin 184. The strip drilling platform 17 and the drilling rig rear air pump jacking assembly 18 are connected by the limiting pin 184.

[0059] Example 7

[0060] Preferably, based on Example 1 or Example 6, in this example, as Figure 13As shown, preferably, the drilling rig 19 includes a drilling motor 191. The left side of the drilling motor 191 is provided with a motor air pump sleeve 192. The motor air pump sleeve 192 is fixedly connected to the right end of the air chamber telescopic rod 187 through a pneumatic telescopic rod end limiting pin 188. The right side of the drilling motor 191 is provided with a motor sleeve 193. The motor sleeve 193 is provided with a force transmission rod 194. The right center of the force transmission rod 194 is provided with a drill rod square chuck 195. The side of the force transmission rod 194 is provided with a water inlet chamber 196. The drill rod 110 includes a drill rod wall 1102. The left side of the drill rod wall 1102 is provided with a drill rod square chuck 1101, and the right side is provided with a cross drill bit 1103. The center of the cross drill bit 1103 has a drill rod center water spray hole 1104.

[0061] In actual use, the rotation of the drill motor 191 of this invention drives the motor air pump sleeve 192 and the force rod 194 to rotate the drill rod 110. While the cross drill bit 1103 breaks the rock, the water jet hole 1104 in the center of the drill rod sprays water to assist in breaking the rock.

[0062] Example 8

[0063] Preferably, based on Example 1 or Visual Acuity 7, in this example, such as Figure 14 , Figure 15As shown, preferably, the upper surface of the planer arm base 21 is provided with a fixed hinge 22, the lower end of the first folding arm 25 is provided with a planer arm clamp 23, the planer arm clamp 23 is connected to the fixed hinge 22 by a pin 24, a folding arm connecting hinge 26 is provided between the first folding arm 25 and the second folding arm 210, a planer arm jack base 27 is provided on the upper side of the first folding arm 25, a planer arm jack 28 is provided on the planer arm jack base 27, and the output end of the planer arm jack 28 is connected to the lower part of the second folding arm 210. The planer arm jack is provided with a connecting hinge 29. The right end of the third folding arm 211 is provided with a planer arm end sleeve 2113. A transverse push-pull jack 2111 is provided on the side of the planer arm end sleeve 2113. The output end of the transverse push-pull jack 2111 is provided with a limiting pin 2112. A transverse slide rod 2117 is provided inside the planer arm end sleeve 2113. The right end of the transverse slide rod 2117 is provided with a transverse slide rod end sleeve 2116 and a transverse slide rod end bolt 2115 in sequence. 2115 is connected to a transverse sliding rod end nut 2114. A planer claw 212 is connected to the left end of the transverse sliding rod 2117. The planer claw 212 includes a planer claw tail plate 2122. A planer claw slot 2121 is provided on the side of the planer claw tail plate 2122. A planer claw sleeve 2123 is provided in the middle of the planer claw tail plate 2122. The planer claw sleeve 2123 is sleeved with the transverse sliding rod 2117. A jack back plate 2127 is provided on the upper right end of the planer claw tail plate 2122. A scraper is provided on the jack back plate 2127. The bucket jack 2126 has a pin hole 2125 on the right end of the claw tail plate 2122, and a pin 2124 is provided in the pin hole 2125. The right end of the claw tail plate 2122 is connected to a scraper 2129 through the pin 2124. The scraper 2129 has a scraper tail sleeve hole 2128 corresponding to the pin hole 2125. The scraper tail sleeve hole 2128 has a scraper hinge 21210. The output end of the scraper jack 2126 is connected to the scraper hinge 21210.

[0064] In actual use, the present invention uses the excavation mechanism 2, with the first folding arm 25, the second folding arm 210 and the third folding arm 211 driving the excavator claw 212. By controlling the extension and retraction of the excavator arm jack 28 and the scraper bucket jack 2126, it can easily handle the waste slag in the transverse excavation area that has not fallen to the hoisting and slag removal mechanism, meet the cleaning requirements of excavation, and clean up the waste slag while excavating, resulting in high construction efficiency.

[0065] Example 9

[0066] Preferably, based on Example 1 or Example 8, in this example, as Figures 16-18As shown, preferably, the bucket support 43 includes two bottom support truncated cones 431 located below the connection between the front width-gradient bucket 41 and the bucket conveying section 42. An upper sleeve 432 is connected above the bottom support truncated cones 431. A rotating fixing core 434 is provided between the upper sleeves 432. A rotating sleeve 433 is provided outside the rotating fixing core 434. The upper pressure winch assembly includes a winch rotating sleeve 48. A winch fixing core 46 is provided inside the winch rotating sleeve 48. A winch fixing core sleeve 45 is connected to the end of the winch fixing core 46 near the driver's cab 3. A vehicle side wall connecting block 44 is fixedly connected to the winch fixing core sleeve 45. An upper pressure roller 47 is also provided above the connection between the bucket conveying surface 42 and the winch inclined section 49. The lower pressure winch assembly includes a lower pressure roller sleeve 416. The sleeve 416 is Z-shaped. The lower sleeve of the Z-shaped downward pressure roller sleeve 416 is provided with a downward pressure roller 410. The downward pressure roller 410 is provided with a roller bolt 419. The downward pressure roller 410 is located below the connection between the hoisting inclined section 49 and the discharge port section 414. The upper sleeve of the Z-shaped downward pressure roller sleeve 416 is provided with a transmission core 417. The end of the transmission core 417 near the cab 3 is provided with a driven wheel 421. The driven wheel 421 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 413 via a belt. The motor is fixedly connected to a hoisting side fixing rod 412. The hoisting side fixing rod is connected to a vehicle body rear wall connecting block 411. The transmission core 417 is located on both sides of the hoisting rubber belt 415 and is provided with bucket receiving guardrails 418. The outer side of the bucket receiving guardrails 418 is provided with a rotating fixing core end bolt 420.

[0067] In actual use, the present invention drives the transmission core 417 to rotate via the motor 413, which in turn drives the lower pressure roller sleeve 416 to rotate, and drives the hoisting rubber belt 415 to circulate along the bucket support 43 and the upper pressure roller 47 between the bucket conveying section 42, the hoisting inclined section 49 and the discharge port section 414, so as to send all the waste from the lower bench to the rear of the mechanized excavation construction device for the lower bench of the tunnel, and then remove it by the muck truck without affecting the operation of the excavation mechanism 1 and the digging mechanism 2.

[0068] Example 10

[0069] Preferably, based on Example 1 or Example 9, in this example, as Figure 1 , Figure 19 , Figure 20As shown, preferably, the cockpit 3 is equipped with a steering control assembly 31 and a brake assembly 32. The steering control assembly 31 includes a steering wheel 311, a steering rod 312 connected below the steering wheel 311, a drive wheel 313 located on the outer side of the middle of the steering rod 312, a steering rod plug 314 located at the lower part of the steering rod 312, a two-wheel drive belt 319 located on the outer side of the drive wheel 313, and a primary driven upper gear 315 connected inside the two-wheel drive belt 319. A primary driven rod 316 is connected to a 315. A lower primary driven rod gear 317 is located at the lower part of the primary driven rod 316. A primary driven rod plug 318 is located at the bottom of the primary driven rod 316. A three-wheeled transmission belt 3115 is located outside the lower primary driven rod gear 317. Two secondary driven gears 3110 are connected inside the three-wheeled transmission belt 3115. Each secondary driven gear 3110 is connected to a secondary driven rod 3111. A transverse connecting rod 3112 is located at the lower part of the secondary driven rod 3111. The left lateral connecting rod 3112 is connected to the left front wheel 3113, and the right lateral connecting rod 3112 is connected to the right front wheel 3114. The brake assembly 32 includes a motor platform 3211, on which a brake power motor 321 and a forward power motor 327 are mounted. The brake power motor 321 has a brake motor drive wheel 322, and a brake belt 323 is mounted on the brake motor drive wheel 322. The brake belt 323 is connected to a J-type brake pad 326. The outer side of the 26 is provided with a guide groove 324. The inner side of the bent end of the J-shaped brake pad 326 is provided with a rubber friction plate 327. The rear wheel axle 3214 is provided above the rubber friction plate 327. The outer side of the forward power motor 327 is provided with a forward power motor drive wheel 328. The forward power motor drive wheel 328 is provided with a transmission belt 3210. The drive belt 3210 is connected to the wheel axle brake driven wheel 329. The left and right ends of the rear wheel axle 3214 are respectively provided with a left rear wheel 3212 and a right rear wheel 3213.

[0070] In actual use, the present invention employs a steering control component 31, which controls the two-wheel drive belt 319 and the three-wheel drive belt 3115 by rotating the steering wheel 311, thereby driving the left front wheel 3113 and the right front wheel 3114 to perform steering operations. The present invention employs a braking component 32, which drives the wheel axle brake driven wheel 329 to reverse through the forward power motor 327, and drives the J-type brake pad 326 through the brake power motor 321 to make the rubber friction pad 327 contact the rear wheel axle 3214, thereby realizing the braking operation.

[0071] Example 11

[0072] A method for mechanized excavation of tunnel benches, using any of the mechanized excavation devices for tunnel benches as described above, is characterized by the following steps:

[0073] S1: After the tunnel is excavated and the tunnel is entered, the mechanized excavation construction device for the lower bench of the tunnel is driven through the constructed road surface 6 to the position below the unexcavated lower bench 7. By gradually adjusting the sliding component, the lateral telescopic component 14, and the drilling rig sliding platform 16, the excavation mechanism 1 is aligned with and attached to the lower bench area to be excavated. The strip drilling rig platform 17 is adjusted in sequence to make the strip drilling rig form a gradual trend from high to low from left to right to meet the excavation requirements of the arc-shaped profile of the lower bench.

[0074] S2: Turn on the air pump push assembly 18 at the rear of the drilling rig and the drilling rig 19 to drive the drill rod 110 to drill holes until all the drill rods have drilled into the rock mass of the lower bench. Turn on the vibrator assembly 15 to break up the excavated rock mass and drop it to the lower hoisting and muck removal mechanism 4. Then, configure the corresponding muck removal vehicle 5 to transport the waste muck to the outside of the tunnel.

[0075] S3: For the slag that has not fallen to the hoisting slag removal mechanism 4 in the lower step, the excavation mechanism 2 is called. The excavation claw 212 completely removes the slag in the horizontal excavation area into the hoisting slag removal mechanism 4 until all the slag in the lower step is removed. The lower step excavation construction is completed in this cycle.

[0076] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanized excavation and construction device for tunnel benches, characterized in that: The system includes an excavation mechanism (1), a cutting mechanism (2), a cab (3), and a hoisting muck removal mechanism (4). The excavation mechanism (1) is located to the right of the cab (3), the cutting mechanism (2) is located above the excavation mechanism (1), the hoisting muck removal mechanism (4) is located below the excavation mechanism (1) at one end near the tunnel excavation face, and the hoisting muck removal mechanism (4) is located to the left of the cab (3) at the other end away from the tunnel excavation face. A muck removal vehicle (5) is located below it. The excavation mechanism (1) includes a sliding assembly, a transverse telescopic assembly (14), a vibrator assembly (15), a drilling rig sliding platform (16), a strip drilling rig platform (17), a drilling rig rear air pump jacking assembly (18), and a drilling rig, all connected in sequence. (19) and drill rod (110), the vibrator assembly (15) includes an oscillating base back plate (151), the top of the oscillating base back plate (151) is provided with a plurality of oscillator bottom sleeves (152), the bottom side of the oscillator bottom sleeves (152) is provided with oscillator limiting pins (153), the oscillator bottom sleeves (152) are provided with an oscillator (155), the lower part of the oscillator (155) is provided with an oscillator connector (154), the upper output end of the oscillator (155) is provided with an oscillator end connecting limiting pin (156), the right side of the oscillating base back plate (151) is provided with two parallel vertical oscillating base plate grooves (159), the digging mechanism (2) includes a planer arm base ( 21), the planer arm base (21) is hinged to the first folding arm (25), the second folding arm (210) and the third folding arm (211) in sequence, and the end of the third folding arm (211) is provided with a planer claw (212); the hoisting slag discharge mechanism (4) includes a front width gradually changing bucket (41), a bucket conveying section (42), a hoisting inclined section (49) and a discharge port section (414) connected in sequence, a bucket support (43) is provided at the connection between the front width gradually changing bucket (41) and the bucket conveying section (42), an upper pressure hoisting assembly is provided above the connection between the bucket conveying section (42) and the hoisting inclined section (49), and a lower pressure hoisting assembly is provided below the connection between the hoisting inclined section (49) and the discharge port section (414). The outer sides of the bucket conveyor section (42), the hoisting inclined section (49) and the discharge port section (414) are respectively fitted with hoisting rubber belts (415). The drilling rig sliding platform (16) includes a drilling rig sliding platform back plate (167). The top of the drilling rig sliding platform back plate (167) is provided with multiple hydraulic jack bottom sleeves (161). The bottom side of the hydraulic jack bottom sleeve (161) is provided with sleeve limit pins (162). The hydraulic jack bottom sleeve (161) is provided with a hydraulic telescopic jack (164). The lower part of the hydraulic telescopic jack (164) is provided with a jack bottom connector (163). The top output end of the hydraulic telescopic jack (164) is provided with a jack head limit pin (165).The drilling rig sliding platform back plate (167) has a sliding core (168) on the left side corresponding to the vertical oscillation base plate sliding groove (159). The drilling rig sliding platform back plate (167) has an oscillator end retaining ring (166) on the left side corresponding to the oscillator (155). The drilling rig sliding platform back groove (169) is provided on the right side of the drilling rig sliding platform back plate (167). The strip drilling rig platform (17) includes a strip drilling rig platform horizontal plate (171) and a strip drilling rig platform vertical plate (174). The strip drilling rig platform horizontal plate (171) and the strip drilling rig platform vertical plate (174) are L-shaped. The strip drilling rig platform horizontal plate (171) is provided with a hydraulic telescopic jack latch (1). 72), the top output end of the hydraulic telescopic jack (164) is fixedly connected to the hydraulic telescopic jack bayonet (172) by the jack head limiting pin (165). The left side of the vertical plate (174) of the strip drilling platform is provided with a vertical sliding core (173) of the drilling platform. The vertical sliding core (173) of the drilling platform is slidably connected to the back sliding groove (169) of the drilling platform. The right side of the vertical plate (174) of the strip drilling platform is provided with multiple strip drilling platform sleeves (175). The strip drilling platform sleeves (175) are provided with a drilling rig rear air pump push assembly (18). The drilling rig rear air pump push assembly (18) includes an air pump inner chamber (182). The side of the air pump inner chamber (182) is provided with The equipment includes an air pump inlet pipe (185), an air pump tail connector (181) is provided at the bottom left side of the air pump inner chamber (182), a limiting pin (184) is provided on the side of the air pump tail connector (181), an air chamber end clamp (183) is provided at the right end of the air pump inner chamber (182), an air chamber telescopic rod convex clamp (186) is connected to the air chamber telescopic rod convex clamp (186), an air chamber telescopic rod (187) is provided inside the air chamber telescopic rod convex clamp (186), an air pressure telescopic rod end limiting pin (188) is provided on the right side of the air chamber telescopic rod (187), and the drilling rig (19) includes a drilling rig motor (191), a motor air pump sleeve (192) is provided on the left side of the drilling rig motor (191). The motor air pump sleeve (192) is fixedly connected to the right end of the air chamber telescopic rod (187) by a pneumatic telescopic rod end limiting pin (188). A motor sleeve (193) is provided on the right side of the drilling motor (191). A force transmission rod (194) is provided inside the motor sleeve (193). A square drill rod chuck (195) is provided at the center of the right side of the force transmission rod (194). A water inlet chamber (196) is provided on the side of the force transmission rod (194). The drill rod (110) includes a drill rod wall (1102). A square drill rod chuck (1101) is provided on the left side of the drill rod wall (1102), and a cross drill bit (1103) is provided on the right side. A center water jet hole (1104) is left in the center of the cross drill bit (1103).

2. The mechanized excavation device for tunnel bench excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding assembly includes a vertical slide plate (11), a vertical slide core back plate (12), a horizontal slide plate (13), and a horizontal slide core back plate (135) connected in sequence. The vertical slide plate (11) includes a vertical slide core back plate (111). The vertical slide core back plate (111) is provided with two parallel vertical slide tracks (112). The bottom sides of the two vertical slide tracks (112) are respectively provided with vertical support plates (114) in the direction close to the left and right end faces of the vertical slide core back plate (111). A vertical jack (113) is fixedly connected to the vertical support plate (114). A vertical sliding core (123) corresponding to the vertical slide rail (112) is provided on the vertical sliding core back plate (12). A first connecting limiting hole plate (121) corresponding to the vertical support plate (114) is provided on the vertical sliding core back plate (121). A vertical limiting pin (122) is provided in the first connecting limiting hole plate (121). The vertical sliding core back plate (12) is connected to the vertical supporting plate (114) through the vertical limiting pin (123). 2) The horizontal sliding plate (13) is fixedly connected to the output end of the vertical jack (113). The horizontal sliding plate (13) includes a horizontal sliding back plate (131). The horizontal sliding back plate (131) is provided with two parallel horizontal sliding grooves (132). The bottom right side of the two horizontal sliding grooves (132) is provided with horizontal support plates (133) in the direction close to the upper and lower end faces of the horizontal sliding back plate (131). A horizontal jack (134) is fixedly connected to the horizontal support plate (133). The transverse sliding core back plate (135) is provided with a transverse sliding core (138) corresponding to the transverse sliding groove (132). The transverse sliding core back plate (135) is provided with a second connecting limiting hole plate (137) corresponding to the transverse support plate (133). The second connecting limiting hole plate (137) is provided with a transverse limiting pin (136). The transverse sliding core back plate (135) is fixedly connected to the output end of the transverse jack (134) through the transverse limiting pin (136).

3. The mechanized excavation device for tunnel benching as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral telescopic assembly (14) includes a plurality of lateral telescopic jack bottom sleeves (141) disposed on the right side of the sliding assembly. A lateral telescopic jack (144) is disposed inside the lateral telescopic jack bottom sleeve (141). A lateral telescopic jack tail fiber nail (142) is disposed on the bottom side of the lateral telescopic jack bottom sleeve (141). A lateral telescopic jack tail connector (143) is disposed on one side of the bottom of the lateral telescopic jack bottom sleeve (141). A lateral telescopic jack head pin (145) is disposed on the side of the output end of the lateral telescopic jack (144).

4. The mechanized excavation device for tunnel bench excavation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The left side of the oscillating base back plate (151) is provided with a horizontal telescopic jack head sleeve (157) corresponding to the bottom sleeve (141) of the horizontal telescopic jack. The bottom side of the horizontal telescopic jack head sleeve (157) is provided with a horizontal jack head connection limiting hole (158). The horizontal telescopic jack head pin (145) is fixedly connected to the output end of the horizontal telescopic jack (144) and the horizontal telescopic jack head sleeve (157) through the horizontal jack head connection limiting hole (158).

5. The mechanized excavation device for tunnel benching as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the planer arm base (21) is provided with a fixed hinge (22). The lower end of the first folding arm (25) is provided with a planer arm clamp (23). The planer arm clamp (23) is connected to the fixed hinge (22) by a pin (24). A folding arm connecting hinge (26) is provided between the first folding arm (25) and the second folding arm (210). A planer arm jack base (27) is provided on the upper side of the first folding arm (25). A planer arm jack (28) is provided on the planer arm jack base (27). The output end of the planer arm jack (28) is connected to the lower part of the second folding arm (210) by a fixed hinge (22). The planer arm jack is connected to a hinge (29). The right end of the third folding arm (211) is provided with a planer arm end sleeve (2113). The side of the planer arm end sleeve (2113) is provided with a transverse push-pull jack (2111). The output end of the transverse push-pull jack (2111) is provided with a limiting pin (2112). The planer arm end sleeve (2113) is provided with a transverse slide rod (2117). The right end of the transverse slide rod (2117) is provided with a transverse sliding rod end sleeve (2116) and a transverse sliding rod end bolt (2115). The transverse sliding rod end bolt (2115) is provided with... A transverse sliding rod is connected to a nut (2114) at the end. A planer claw (212) is connected to the left end of the transverse sliding rod (2117). The planer claw (212) includes a planer claw tail plate (2122). A planer claw slot (2121) is provided on the side of the planer claw tail plate (2122). A planer claw sleeve (2123) is provided in the middle of the planer claw tail plate (2122). The planer claw sleeve (2123) is sleeved with the transverse sliding rod (2117). A jack back plate (2127) is provided on the upper right end of the planer claw tail plate (2122). A scraper jack is provided on the jack back plate (2127). The top (2126) has a pin hole (2125) on the right end of the claw tail plate (2122), and a pin (2124) is provided in the pin hole (2125). The right end of the claw tail plate (2122) is connected to a scraper bucket (2129) through the pin (2124). The scraper bucket (2129) has a scraper bucket tail sleeve hole (2128) corresponding to the pin hole (2125). The scraper bucket tail sleeve hole (2128) has a scraper bucket hinge (21210). The output end of the scraper bucket jack (2126) is connected to the scraper bucket hinge (21210).

6. The mechanized excavation device for tunnel bench excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bucket support (43) includes two bottom support truncated cones (431) located below the connection between the front width-gradient bucket (41) and the bucket conveying section (42). An upper sleeve (432) is connected above the bottom support truncated cones (431). A rotating fixing core (434) is provided between the upper sleeves (432). A rotating sleeve (433) is provided on the outside of the rotating fixing core (434). The upper pressure winch assembly includes a winch rotating sleeve (48). The winch rotating sleeve (48) is provided with a winch fixing core (46), and the winch fixing core (46) is connected to a winch fixing core sleeve (45) at one end near the driver's cab (3). The winch fixing core sleeve (45) is fixedly connected to a vehicle body side wall connecting block (44). An upper pressure roller (47) is also provided above the connection between the bucket conveying section (42) and the winch inclined section (49). The lower pressure winch assembly includes a lower pressure roller sleeve (416). The cylinder (416) is Z-shaped. The lower sleeve of the Z-shaped pressure roller sleeve (416) is provided with a pressure roller (410). The pressure roller (410) is provided with a roller bolt (419). The pressure roller (410) is located below the connection between the hoisting inclined section (49) and the discharge port section (414). The upper sleeve of the Z-shaped pressure roller sleeve (416) is provided with a transmission core (417). The transmission core (417) has a driven wheel at the end near the driver's cab (3). (421) The driven wheel (421) is connected to the output shaft of the motor (413) via a belt. The motor is fixedly connected to a winch side fixing rod (412). The winch side fixing rod is connected to a vehicle body rear wall connecting block (411). The transmission core (417) is located on both sides of the winch rubber belt (415) and is provided with bucket receiving guardrails (418). The outer side of the bucket receiving guardrail (418) is provided with a rotating fixing core end bolt (420).

7. A method for mechanized excavation of tunnel benches, using a mechanized excavation device for tunnel benches as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: After the tunnel is excavated and the tunnel is entered, the mechanized excavation construction device for the lower step of the tunnel is driven through the constructed road surface (6) to the position below the unexcavated lower step (7). By gradually adjusting the sliding component, the lateral telescopic component (14), and the drilling rig sliding platform (16), the excavation mechanism (1) is aligned with and attached to the lower step area to be excavated. The strip drilling rig platform (17) is adjusted in sequence to make the strip drilling rig form a gradual trend from high to low from left to right, so as to meet the excavation requirements of the arc-shaped profile of the lower step. S2: Turn on the air pump push assembly (18) at the rear end of the drilling rig and the drilling rig (19) drive the drill rod (110) to drill until all the drill rods are drilled into the rock mass of the lower step. Turn on the vibrator assembly (15) to break up the excavated rock mass and drop it to the lower hoisting and slag removal mechanism (4). Then, configure the corresponding slag removal vehicle (5) to transport the slag to the outside of the tunnel. S3: For the slag that has not fallen to the hoisting slag removal mechanism (4) of the lower step, call the excavation mechanism (2) and use the claw (212) to completely excavate the slag in the horizontal excavation area into the hoisting slag removal mechanism (4) until all the slag of the lower step is cleared away, and the lower step excavation construction is completed in a cycle.

Images