Multi-magnetic-circuit high-performance field-modulation magnetic gear

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-performance field-modulated magnetic gear with multiple magnetic circuits, comprising a high-speed rotor, an inner adjusting magnetic ring, an outer adjusting magnetic ring, and a low-speed rotor. This invention forms multiple magnetic flux loops in both the axial and transverse directions, effectively utilizing leakage flux and anti-magnetic saturation effects. By modifying the topology of the permanent magnets, rotor yoke, and adjusting magnetic rings, based on the principle of magnetic field modulation and matching the magnetization methods of the permanent magnets in the high-speed and low-speed rotors, it simultaneously provides both axial and transverse magnetic flux paths. Furthermore, by selecting different pole pair ratios between the axially and radially magnetized permanent magnets, the fundamental wave generated by the axial permanent magnets is converted into useful harmonics from the radial permanent magnets, achieving harmonic secondary utilization and suppressing harmonic leakage flux. This invention can suppress leakage flux, reduce the influence of magnetic saturation effects, improve the utilization rate of permanent magnets, enhance torque capacity, increase torque density, and improve transmission stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of magnetic drive technology, and in particular to a high-performance field-modulated magnetic gear with multiple magnetic circuits. Background Technology

[0002] Gears, as a device for changing speed and transmitting torque, are widely used in various mechanical equipment, such as speed-increasing gearboxes in wind turbine generators and speed-reducing gearboxes in motor drive systems. However, because mechanical gears transmit torque through the meshing of mechanical gears, they have drawbacks such as friction loss, high vibration, and high noise.

[0003] Compared to traditional gears, magnetic gears utilize magnetic fields to generate effective harmonic coupling for torque transmission. Field-modulated magnetic gears offer advantages such as high torque, frictionless operation, low vibration and noise, and high reliability, effectively addressing the inherent defects of mechanical gears. With continuous research into magnetic gears, various structures have emerged, such as radial, axial, and transverse magnetic gears. However, existing magnetic gears still suffer from several problems, including low permanent magnet utilization, low torque density, weak torque capacity, large torque fluctuations, severe magnetic leakage, and magnetic saturation effects. These limitations restrict their application in large-scale magnetic transmission and precision transmission fields. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems of existing technologies, this invention discloses a high-performance field-modulated magnetic gear with multiple magnetic circuits, comprising a high-speed rotor, an inner adjusting magnetic ring, an outer adjusting magnetic ring, and a low-speed rotor. Axial air gaps are provided between the high-speed rotor and the inner adjusting magnetic ring, and between the low-speed rotor and the inner adjusting magnetic ring, respectively. Radial air gaps are provided between the high-speed rotor and the outer adjusting magnetic ring, and between the low-speed rotor and the outer adjusting magnetic ring, respectively. This invention modifies the topology of the permanent magnets, rotor yoke, and adjusting magnetic rings, based on the principle of magnetic field modulation, and matches the magnetization methods of the permanent magnets in the high-speed and low-speed rotors, enabling them to simultaneously possess both axial and transverse magnetic flux paths. Furthermore, different pole pair ratios are selected between the axially and radially magnetized permanent magnets, allowing the fundamental wave generated by the axial permanent magnets to be converted into useful harmonics by the radial permanent magnets, achieving the effect of harmonic secondary utilization and suppressing harmonic leakage. The magnetic gear has two magnetic flux paths, axial and transverse, and the magnetic flux is guided axially and transversely, reducing the impact of magnetic saturation without reducing the total flux generated by the permanent magnets, thus achieving the effect of resisting magnetic saturation. By utilizing the coexistence of multiple magnetic circuits and the modulation of harmonics, this invention can suppress magnetic leakage, reduce the influence of magnetic saturation, improve the utilization rate of permanent magnets, enhance torque capacity, increase torque density, and improve transmission stability. It is particularly suitable for the field of large-scale wind power electromagnetic gear transmission and reduces the failure rate of wind turbine speed increasers.

[0005] A multi-magnetic-circuit high-performance field-modulated magnetic gear includes a high-speed rotor, an inner adjusting magnetic ring, an outer adjusting magnetic ring, and a low-speed rotor. Axial air gaps are provided between the high-speed rotor and the inner adjusting magnetic ring, and between the low-speed rotor and the inner adjusting magnetic ring. Radial air gaps are provided between the high-speed rotor and the outer adjusting magnetic ring, and between the low-speed rotor and the outer adjusting magnetic ring.

[0006] The high-speed rotor includes a high-speed rotor yoke, a first permanent magnet attached to the inner side of the high-speed rotor yoke, and a second permanent magnet embedded in the circumferential direction of the high-speed rotor yoke; the low-speed rotor includes a low-speed rotor yoke, a third permanent magnet attached to the inner side of the second yoke, and a fourth permanent magnet embedded in the circumferential direction of the low-speed rotor yoke, wherein the inner adjusting magnetic ring and the outer adjusting magnetic ring are used to modulate the axial magnetic flux and the transverse magnetic flux, respectively.

[0007] In the above-mentioned multi-magnetic-circuit high-performance field-modulated magnetic gear, both the first permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet are axially magnetized, and the magnetization directions of adjacent first permanent magnets are opposite, as are the magnetization directions of adjacent third permanent magnets.

[0008] The second permanent magnet is radially magnetized, with adjacent second permanent magnets having opposite magnetization directions. The fourth permanent magnet is radially magnetized, with adjacent fourth permanent magnets having the same magnetization direction, achieving the effect of multiple magnetic circuits, thereby increasing the output torque.

[0009] In the aforementioned high-performance field-modulated magnetic gear with multiple magnetic circuits, the interval between adjacent second permanent magnets is 9°, and the interval between the magnetization of adjacent fourth permanent magnets is 5°.

[0010] In the aforementioned high-performance field-modulated magnetic gear with multiple magnetic circuits, the inner adjusting magnetic ring is disposed between the first permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet, and is coaxially configured with the high-speed rotor yoke and the low-speed rotor yoke. The outer adjusting magnetic ring is coaxially fixedly installed outside the high-speed rotor and the low-speed rotor, and is inclined at 12° along the axial direction to form a skewed groove structure. The two end faces of the outer adjusting magnetic ring are axially aligned with the outer end faces of the high-speed rotor and the low-speed rotor, respectively.

[0011] The aforementioned multi-magnetic-circuit high-performance field-modulated magnetic gear, wherein both the inner and outer adjusting magnetic rings include cross-arranged epoxy resin jackets and adjusting magnetic blocks.

[0012] In the aforementioned high-performance field-modulated magnetic gear with multiple magnetic circuits, the number of pole pairs between the first permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet is 2:13; the number of pole pairs between the second permanent magnet and the fourth permanent magnet is 4:26. ​​This allows the fundamental wave generated by the number of pole pairs of the axial permanent magnet to be converted into useful harmonics by the number of pole pairs of the radial permanent magnet, achieving the effect of secondary utilization of harmonics and thus improving the output torque.

[0013] In the aforementioned multi-magnetic-circuit high-performance field-modulated magnetic gear, the number of both the inner and outer adjusting magnetic rings is N. s N s The number of permanent magnet pole pairs P of a high-speed rotor h The number of permanent magnet pole pairs P of the low-speed rotor l The relationship between them is: N s =P h +P l

[0014] Gear transmission ratio G r For: G r =P l :P h .

[0015] The aforementioned multi-magnetic-circuit high-performance field-modulated magnetic gear, wherein the axial length L of the external adjusting magnetic ring... s axial length L of the high-speed rotor h axial length L of the low-speed rotor l axial length L of the inner adjusting magnetic ring v axial clearance distance L between the high-speed rotor and the low-speed rotor d Satisfying relation: L s =L h +L l +L v +L d .

[0016] In the aforementioned high-performance field-modulated magnetic gear with multiple magnetic circuits, the modulating magnet is made of stacked silicon steel sheets.

[0017] The aforementioned multi-magnetic-circuit high-performance field-modulated magnetic gear further includes an axial housing; the outer adjusting magnetic ring is fixed inside the axial housing; and the inner adjusting magnetic ring is fastened between the first permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet using an epoxy resin jacket.

[0018] The multi-magnetic-circuit high-performance field-modulated magnetic gear provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] Compared with traditional magnetic gears, it has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. The multi-magnetic-circuit high-performance field-modulated magnetic gear provided by this invention has higher torque transmission capability and torque density compared with traditional topologies, making it more competitive in low-speed, high-torque applications. Compared with transverse flux magnetic gears, this invention adds a magnetic adjustment ring between the low-speed and high-speed rotors to modulate the magnetic field, utilizing complex harmonic leakage magnetic flux to suppress leakage magnetic flux, thereby improving the utilization rate of permanent magnets, enhancing torque capability, and increasing torque density.

[0021] 2. The multi-magnetic-circuit high-performance field-modulated magnetic gear provided by this invention improves the magnetization method of the permanent magnets of high and low speed rotors, enabling it to have both axial and transverse magnetic flux paths. This method results in a larger air gap magnetic flux density, a waveform that approximates a sine wave, improved torque transmission capability, and more stable transmission.

[0022] 3. The magnetic gear has two magnetic flux paths, one axial and one transverse. The magnetic flux is guided axially and transversely, which can reduce the influence of magnetic saturation effect without reducing the total flux generated by the permanent magnet, thus achieving the effect of resisting magnetic saturation effect. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

[0024] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the multi-magnetic-circuit high-performance field-modulated magnetic gear of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the high-speed rotor.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the low-speed rotor.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the surface structure of the high-speed rotor and the internal adjusting magnetic ring.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a side view of the multi-magnetic-circuit high-performance field-modulated magnetic gear of the present invention;

[0029] In the diagram, 1. External adjusting magnetic ring; 2. Low-speed rotor yoke; 3. Second permanent magnet; 4. Low-speed shaft; 5. Axial housing; 6. High-speed rotor yoke; 7. Third permanent magnet; 8. High-speed shaft; 9. First permanent magnet; 10. High-speed side radial air gap; 11. Low-speed side radial air gap; 12. Fourth permanent magnet; 13. Epoxy resin jacket; 14. Internal adjusting magnetic ring; 15. High-speed side axial air gap; 16. Low-speed side axial air gap; 17. High-speed rotor outer end face; 18. Low-speed rotor outer end face; 19. High-speed rotor; 20. Low-speed rotor. Figure 1 , 2 The arrow in '3' indicates the direction of magnetization. This indicates that the magnetization direction is perpendicular to the paper and inwards, while this indicates that the magnetization direction is perpendicular to the paper and outwards. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a multi-magnetic-circuit high-performance field-modulated magnetic gear includes a high-speed rotor 19, an inner adjusting magnetic ring 14, an outer adjusting magnetic ring 1, and a low-speed rotor 20. Axial air gaps 15 and 16 are respectively provided between the high-speed rotor 19 and the inner adjusting magnetic ring 14, and between the low-speed rotor 20 and the inner adjusting magnetic ring 14. Radial air gaps 10 and 11 are respectively provided between the high-speed rotor 19 and the outer adjusting magnetic ring 1, and between the low-speed rotor 20 and the outer adjusting magnetic ring 1. The high-speed rotor 19 is mounted on a high-speed rotating shaft 8, and the low-speed rotor 20 is fixedly mounted on a low-speed rotating shaft 4.

[0032] The high-speed rotor 19 includes a high-speed rotor yoke 6, a first permanent magnet 9 attached to the inner side of the yoke, and a second permanent magnet 3 embedded in the circumferential direction of the high-speed rotor yoke; the low-speed rotor 20 includes a low-speed rotor yoke 2, a third permanent magnet 7 attached to the inner side of the yoke, and a fourth permanent magnet 12 embedded in the circumferential direction of the low-speed rotor yoke.

[0033] The second permanent magnets 3 on the high-speed rotor 19 are spaced 9° apart, and the fourth permanent magnets 12 on the low-speed rotor are spaced 5° apart.

[0034] The inner magnetic ring 14 and the outer magnetic ring 1 can respectively modulate the axial magnetic flux and the transverse magnetic flux.

[0035] The adjusting magnetic ring includes an inner adjusting magnetic ring 14 and an outer adjusting magnetic ring 1. The inner adjusting magnetic ring 14 is disposed between the first permanent magnet 9 and the third permanent magnet 7, and is coaxially configured with the high-speed rotor yoke 6 and the low-speed rotor yoke 2. The outer adjusting magnetic ring 1 is coaxially fixedly installed outside the high-speed rotor 19 and the low-speed rotor 20 and is inclined at 12° along the axial direction to form a skewed groove structure, which can effectively reduce torque fluctuation. Its two end faces are axially aligned with the outer end face 17 of the high-speed rotor and the outer end face 18 of the low-speed rotor, respectively.

[0036] Both the first permanent magnet 9 and the third permanent magnet 7 are axially magnetized, with adjacent first permanent magnets 9 having opposite magnetization directions and adjacent third permanent magnets 7 having opposite magnetization directions.

[0037] The second permanent magnet 3 is radially magnetized, and the magnetization directions of adjacent second permanent magnets 3 are opposite. The fourth permanent magnet 12 is radially magnetized, and the magnetization directions of adjacent fourth permanent magnets 12 are the same, achieving the effect of multiple magnetic circuits, thereby realizing the function of suppressing magnetic leakage.

[0038] Both the inner adjusting magnetic ring 14 and the outer adjusting magnetic ring 1 include cross-arranged epoxy resin jackets and adjusting magnetic blocks, the adjusting magnetic blocks being made of stacked silicon steel sheets.

[0039] The number of pole pairs of the first permanent magnet 9 and the third permanent magnet 7 is 2:13; the number of pole pairs of the second permanent magnet 3 and the fourth permanent magnet 12 is 4:26; thereby realizing the conversion of the fundamental wave generated by the number of pole pairs of the axial permanent magnet into the useful harmonic of the number of pole pairs of the radial permanent magnet, achieving the effect of secondary utilization of harmonics, thereby improving the output torque.

[0040] The high-speed shaft 8 and the low-speed shaft 4 are made of steel and are manufactured using the same process as permanent magnet motors.

[0041] The first permanent magnet 9, the second permanent magnet 3, the third permanent magnet 7, and the fourth permanent magnet 12 are made of rare permanent magnet materials such as neodymium iron boron. The axial permanent magnets (the first permanent magnet 9 and the third permanent magnet 7) are axially magnetized, and the magnetization directions of adjacent first permanent magnets 9 are opposite, and the magnetization directions of adjacent third permanent magnets 7 are opposite, forming an NS structure. The radial permanent magnets (the second permanent magnet 3 and the fourth permanent magnet 12) are radially magnetized, and the magnetization directions of adjacent second permanent magnets 3 are opposite, while the magnetization directions of adjacent fourth permanent magnets 12 are the same.

[0042] The multi-magnetic-circuit high-performance field-modulated magnetic gear also includes an axial housing 5; an outer magnetic ring 1 is fixed inside the axial housing 5; and an inner magnetic ring 14 is fastened between the first permanent magnet 9 and the third permanent magnet 7 using an epoxy resin jacket 13.

[0043] Number of magnetic rings N s The number of permanent magnet pole pairs P of a high-speed rotor h The number of permanent magnet pole pairs P of the low-speed rotor l The relationship between them is satisfied:

[0044] N s =P h +P l ,

[0045] Gear transmission ratio G r For: G r =P l :P h .

[0046] The axial length L of the external adjustment magnetic ring 1 saxial length L of high-speed rotor 19 h axial length L of low-speed rotor 20 l axial length L of the inner magnetic ring 14 v The axial clearance distance L between the high-speed rotor 19 and the low-speed rotor 20 d Satisfying Relationship:

[0047] L s =L h +L l +L v +L d .

[0048] In this invention, the internal adjustment magnetic block 14 and the external adjustment magnetic block 1 are made of stacked silicon steel sheets, which is the same as the stator manufacturing process of the permanent magnet motor.

[0049] The external adjusting magnetic ring 1 adopts a slanted slot structure, which can reduce torque fluctuation of the magnetic gear and improve the torque transmission stability of the magnetic gear. In this invention, the external adjusting magnetic ring can also adopt other forms of slanted slot structure, as long as it can generate effective N and S poles. Regardless of the slanted slot structure adopted, it is within the protection scope of this invention.

[0050] The high-speed rotor 19 and the low-speed rotor 20 involved in this invention are magnetized in both axial and radial directions to form a multi-magnetic circuit to suppress leakage flux, thereby achieving higher torque transmission capability and making more rational use of space.

[0051] The second permanent magnet 3 generates magnetic field lines that travel laterally through the outer adjusting magnetic ring 1 to the fourth permanent magnet 12, and then return to the second permanent magnet 3 via the outer adjusting magnetic ring 1 to generate effective N and S poles, thus forming a complete lateral magnetic flux path. The first permanent magnet 9 generates magnetic field lines that travel axially through the inner adjusting magnetic ring 14 to the third permanent magnet 7, and then return to the first permanent magnet 15 via the inner adjusting magnetic ring 14 to generate effective N and S poles, thus forming a complete axial magnetic flux path. Both dual-flux and multi-flux paths are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0052] The multi-magnetic-circuit high-performance field-modulated magnetic gear provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0053] Compared with traditional magnetic gears, it has the following advantages:

[0054] 1. The multi-magnetic-circuit high-performance field-modulated magnetic gear provided by this invention has higher torque transmission capability and torque density compared with traditional topologies, making it more competitive in low-speed, high-torque applications. Compared with transverse flux magnetic gears, this invention adds a magnetic adjustment ring between the low-speed and high-speed rotors to modulate the magnetic field, utilizing complex harmonic leakage magnetic flux to suppress leakage flux, thereby facilitating the transmission of additional torque, increasing torque density, and improving the utilization rate of permanent magnets.

[0055] 2. The multi-magnetic-circuit high-performance field-modulated magnetic gear provided by this invention improves the magnetization method of the permanent magnets of high and low speed rotors, enabling it to have both axial and transverse magnetic flux paths. This method results in a larger air gap magnetic flux density, a waveform that approximates a sine wave, improved torque transmission capability, and more stable transmission.

[0056] 3. The magnetic gear has two magnetic flux paths, one axial and one transverse. The magnetic flux is guided axially and transversely, which can reduce the influence of magnetic saturation effect without reducing the total flux generated by the permanent magnet, thus achieving the effect of resisting magnetic saturation effect.

[0057] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0058] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-magnetic-circuit high-performance field-modulation magnetic gear, characterized in that, It includes a high-speed rotor, an inner adjusting magnetic ring, an outer adjusting magnetic ring, and a low-speed rotor. Axial air gaps are provided between the high-speed rotor and the inner adjusting magnetic ring, and between the low-speed rotor and the inner adjusting magnetic ring. Radial air gaps are provided between the high-speed rotor and the outer adjusting magnetic ring, and between the low-speed rotor and the outer adjusting magnetic ring. Multiple magnetic flux loops are formed in the axial and transverse directions, which can effectively utilize leakage magnetic field and anti-magnetic saturation effect. The high-speed rotor includes a high-speed rotor yoke, a first permanent magnet attached to the inner side of the high-speed rotor yoke, and a second permanent magnet embedded in the circumferential direction of the high-speed rotor yoke; the low-speed rotor includes a low-speed rotor yoke, a third permanent magnet attached to the inner side of the low-speed rotor yoke, and a fourth permanent magnet embedded in the circumferential direction of the low-speed rotor yoke, wherein the inner adjusting magnetic ring and the outer adjusting magnetic ring are used to modulate the axial magnetic flux and the transverse magnetic flux, respectively.

2. The multi-magnetic circuit high-performance field modulation magnetic gear according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet are axially magnetized, with adjacent first permanent magnets having opposite magnetization directions and adjacent third permanent magnets having opposite magnetization directions. The second permanent magnet is radially magnetized, and the magnetization directions of adjacent second permanent magnets are opposite. The fourth permanent magnet is radially magnetized, and the magnetization directions of adjacent fourth permanent magnets are the same.

3. The multi-magnetic circuit high-performance field modulation magnetic gear according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjacent second permanent magnets are spaced 9° apart, and the adjacent fourth permanent magnets are spaced 5° apart when being magnetized.

4. The multi-magnetic circuit high-performance field modulation magnetic gear according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner adjusting magnetic ring is disposed between the first permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet, and is coaxially configured with the high-speed rotor yoke and the low-speed rotor yoke. The outer adjusting magnetic ring is coaxially fixedly installed outside the high-speed rotor and the low-speed rotor, and is inclined at 12° along the axial direction to form a skewed groove structure. The two end faces of the outer adjusting magnetic ring are axially aligned with the outer end faces of the high-speed rotor and the low-speed rotor, respectively.

5. The multi-magnetic circuit high-performance field modulation magnetic gear according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both the inner and outer adjusting magnetic rings include cross-arranged epoxy resin jackets and adjusting magnetic blocks.

6. The multi-magnetic circuit high-performance field modulation magnetic gear according to claim 5, characterized in that, The number of the inner adjusting magnetic ring and the number of the outer adjusting magnetic ring are both , The number of axially magnetized permanent magnet pole pairs in a high-speed rotor The number of axially magnetized permanent magnet pole pairs in a low-speed rotor The relationship between them is satisfied: = + ; Gear ratio To: = : .

7. The multi-magnetic circuit high-performance field modulation magnetic gear according to claim 6, characterized in that, The axial length of the external adjustment magnetic ring axial length of high-speed rotor Axial length of low-speed rotor axial length of the inner adjusting magnetic ring axial clearance distance between high-speed rotor and low-speed rotor Satisfying Relationship: = + + + .

8. The multi-magnetic circuit high-performance field modulation magnetic gear according to claim 7, characterized in that, The adjusting magnet is made of stacked silicon steel sheets.

9. The multi-magnetic circuit high-performance field modulation magnetic gear according to claim 8, characterized in that, The magnetic gear also includes an axial housing; the outer adjusting magnetic ring is fixed inside the axial housing; the inner adjusting magnetic ring is fastened between the first permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet using an epoxy resin jacket.

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