Gasification nozzle

Abstract

This disclosure provides a gasification nozzle, including a hot fuel delivery unit, a gasifying agent delivery unit, and a refractory insulation layer. The hot fuel delivery unit is used to deliver hot fuel from the hot fuel inlet through the hot fuel channel in a spiral downward direction to the gasifier. At least two gasifying agent delivery units are used to deliver the gasifying agent sequentially through a gasifying agent inlet channel, a gasifying agent header, and a gasifying agent outlet channel to the gasifier. The gasifying agent header is sleeved outside the hot fuel channel, and the axis of the gasifying agent inlet channel is parallel to the axis of the hot fuel channel. The refractory insulation layer has a cylindrical structure and is coaxially arranged with the hot fuel delivery unit. The hot fuel channel, gasifying agent inlet channel, gasifying agent header, and gasifying agent outlet channel are embedded within the refractory insulation layer. This disclosure can be used to deliver and react hot fuel and gasifying agent at 800-1100℃, achieving the concentration of hot semi-coke particles in the hot fuel and the enhancement of the reaction between hot semi-coke and the gasifying agent, while reducing the oxidation of hot coal gas by the gasifying agent.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application. The parent application number is 202010616282.3, the application date is June 30, 2020, and the title is "Gasification Nozzle". Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates to the field of gasification technology, and more particularly to a gasification nozzle. Background Technology

[0003] Coal gasification technology is one of the important technologies for the efficient and clean utilization of coal. Entrained flow gasification technology is one such coal gasification technology, characterized by high carbon conversion rate and cold gas efficiency. However, this technology has strict requirements on the grindability or slurry-forming characteristics of the raw coal, making it difficult to apply to fuels such as low-rank coal with high moisture content and poor grindability. Furthermore, it results in small fuel particle size and high preparation costs. Fluidized melt gasification process combines coal fluidization control with entrained flow gasification, utilizing the characteristics of fluidization technology to effectively reduce the system's requirements on the type and particle size of raw coal, achieving efficient gasification with liquid slag discharge.

[0004] In fluidized bed gasification, fuel is fluidized and converted into hot fuel (including hot semi-coke and hot coal gas). The hot fuel, along with the gasifying agent, enters the gasification unit through a nozzle. Utilizing the high temperature of the hot fuel, a strong oxidation reaction occurs instantly upon contact with the gasifying agent, creating a high-temperature zone and thus enhancing the gasification reaction. Existing fluidized bed gasification nozzles are mostly multi-channel nozzles, conveying cold fuel and gasifying agent.

[0005] Unlike conventional fluidized bed gasification, fluidized bed gasification (FSB) processes deliver hot fuel (e.g., high-temperature fuel between 800-1000°C) and a room-temperature gasifying agent through the nozzles of the gasification unit. Because the organization of the hot fuel and gasifying agent in FSB differs from that in fluidized bed gasification, using internally cooled nozzles results in the hot fuel being cooled along the nozzle path, lowering its temperature and severely impacting gasification performance. Conversely, using externally cooled nozzles, where the gasifying agent channel is separated from the hot fuel channel only by a metal wall, leads to the gasifying agent being heated, severely affecting system safety. Even adding an insulating coating inside the pipeline is costly and ineffective.

[0006] On the other hand, since the thermal fuel contains two parts, hot semi-coke and hot gas, and the homogeneous reaction between hot gas and oxidant is much faster than the heterogeneous reaction between hot semi-coke and oxidant, the use of existing nozzles will cause the hot gas and oxidant to mix, resulting in the hot gas being oxidized and generating gases with no calorific value such as CO2. At the same time, the mixing of hot gas will also lead to a low concentration of hot semi-coke particles, which is not conducive to the enhancement of the hot semi-coke gasification reaction.

[0007] Therefore, existing gasification nozzles cannot be used to transport thermal fuel and gasifying agent or to organize their reaction in fluidized melt gasification processes. Summary of the Invention

[0008] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0009] This disclosure provides a vaporization nozzle to solve the technical problems mentioned above.

[0010] (II) Technical Solution

[0011] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a vaporization nozzle is provided, comprising:

[0012] A hot fuel conveying unit is used to transport hot fuel from the hot fuel inlet through the hot fuel channel downwards to the gasifier; the hot fuel channel has a cylindrical structure.

[0013] A gasifying agent conveying unit is used to sequentially convey gasifying agent through at least two gasifying agent inlet channels, a gasifying agent header, and a gasifying agent outlet channel into the gasifier; the gasifying agent header is sleeved outside the hot fuel channel, and the axis of the gasifying agent inlet channel is parallel to the axis of the hot fuel channel;

[0014] The refractory insulation layer has a cylindrical structure. The refractory insulation layer is coaxially arranged with the thermal fuel conveying unit, and the thermal fuel channel, the gasifying agent inlet channel, the gasifying agent header and the gasifying agent outlet channel are embedded in the refractory insulation layer.

[0015] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the axis of the hot fuel inlet does not pass through the axis of the hot fuel passage; or the axis of the hot fuel inlet does not pass through the center of the cross-section of the hot fuel passage.

[0016] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the thermal fuel delivery unit further includes:

[0017] The hot fuel channel and the hot fuel inlet are coaxially arranged; the hot fuel delivery unit further includes a stop block, which is built into the outlet of the hot fuel channel and is connected to the inner wall of the hot fuel channel through a connecting beam.

[0018] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the hot fuel delivery unit further includes: a baffle block, built into the outlet of the hot fuel channel, the baffle block having a through hole at its center; the outlet of the hot fuel channel having an expanded diameter structure; the side wall of the baffle block having a tapered surface forming a tapered annular gap with the outlet of the hot fuel channel; the angle between the side wall of the baffle block and the cross-section of the outlet of the hot fuel channel being β, wherein 20°≤β≤80°.

[0019] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the gasifying agent header is an annular channel and is connected to the gasifying agent inlet channel; the gasifying agent outlet channel is connected to the gasifying agent header; the gasifying agent conveying unit further includes:

[0020] Cooling channels are provided outside the gasifying agent inlet channel and the gasifying agent header; the cooling channels are provided in pairs, with the two cooling channels serving as the cooling medium inlet pipe and the cooling medium outlet pipe, respectively.

[0021] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the gasifying agent outlet and the hot fuel channel outlet end face form an angle α, wherein 20°≤α≤80°.

[0022] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the number of gasifying agent outlet channels is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the gasifying agent outlet channels are uniformly distributed circumferentially along the hot fuel channels; and the number of gasifying agent outlet channels is greater than or equal to the number of gasifying agent inlet channels.

[0023] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the cross-section of the hot fuel channel inlet is any one of a rectangle, a circle, and an ellipse; the hot fuel channel is a rotating space.

[0024] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the thermal fuel includes hot semi-coke particles and high-temperature combustible gas; the high-temperature combustible gas is selected from one or more of CH4, H2, and CO; and the temperature range of the thermal fuel is 800-1100°C.

[0025] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the minimum thickness H of the refractory insulation layer between the cooling channel outside the gasifying agent inlet channel and the hot fuel channel is greater than or equal to the minimum thickness h of the refractory insulation layer between the cooling channel outside the gasifying agent header and the hot fuel channel.

[0026] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0027] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the gasification nozzle disclosed herein has at least one or a portion of the following beneficial effects:

[0028] (1) In this disclosure, the tangential arrangement of the hot fuel inlet and the hot fuel channel or the setting of a baffle at the hot fuel outlet concentrates the hot semi-coke particles at the channel outlet wall, increases the concentration and flow rate of the semi-coke particles in the initial contact stage between the hot fuel and the gasifying agent, strengthens the hot semi-coke gasification reaction, and at the same time reduces the concentration and flow rate of the hot coal gas in the initial contact stage between the hot fuel and the gasifying agent, reduces the consumption of the hot coal gas by the gasifying agent, and avoids the existing gasification nozzles that only strengthen the mixing of fuel and gasifying agent, resulting in the consumption of hot coal gas and the dilution of the semi-coke particles by the hot coal gas.

[0029] (2) The setting of the gasifying agent outlet and the hot fuel channel outlet in this disclosure can ensure that the hot fuel and gasifying agent are rationally organized to enter the gasifier while minimizing the temperature loss of the hot fuel.

[0030] (3) The cooling channel in this disclosure is designed to ensure that the temperature of the gasifying agent inlet channel and the gasifying agent header wall is within a safe temperature range.

[0031] (4) The refractory insulation layer of this disclosure reduces heat dissipation of the hot fuel and reduces heat transfer between the hot fuel and the gasifying agent.

[0032] (5) The angle of the gasifying agent outlet channel, the gasifying agent outlet speed and the hot fuel outlet speed are coordinated to effectively control the mixing of hot fuel and gasifying agent in the gasifier and the position of the high temperature zone, while protecting the refractory insulation material on the inner wall of the gasifier and ensuring the gasification intensity in the furnace. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a front view of the gasification nozzle according to the first embodiment of this disclosure.

[0034] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view along the AA direction.

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Sectional view along the BB direction.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a top view of the gasification nozzle according to the first embodiment of this disclosure.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a front view of the gasification nozzle according to the second embodiment of this disclosure.

[0038] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Sectional view along the AA direction.

[0039] Figure 7 This is a front view of the gasification nozzle according to the third embodiment of this disclosure.

[0040] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Sectional view along the AA direction.

[0041] Figure 9 This is a top view of the vaporization nozzle according to the third embodiment of this disclosure.

[0042] Figure 10 This is a front view of the gasification nozzle according to the fourth embodiment of this disclosure.

[0043] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Sectional view along line AA.

[0044] Figure 12 for Figure 10 Sectional view along the BB direction.

[0045] Figure 13 This is a top view of the gasification nozzle according to the fourth embodiment of this disclosure.

[0046] [Explanation of key component symbols in the accompanying drawings of this disclosure embodiment]

[0047] 10 - Thermal fuel delivery unit;

[0048] 11-Hot fuel passage; 12-Hot fuel inlet;

[0049] 13-Stop; 14-Connecting beam;

[0050] 20 - Gasifying agent delivery unit;

[0051] 21-Gasifying agent inlet channel; 22-Gasifying agent header;

[0052] 23 - Gasifying agent outlet channel; 24 - Cooling channel;

[0053] 30 - Fire-resistant insulation layer;

[0054] α - included angle. Detailed Implementation

[0055] This disclosure provides a gasification nozzle, including a hot fuel delivery unit, a gasifying agent delivery unit, and a refractory insulation layer. The hot fuel delivery unit is used to deliver hot fuel from the hot fuel inlet through the hot fuel channel in a spiral downward direction to the gasifier. The gasifying agent delivery unit is used to deliver the gasifying agent sequentially through the gasifying agent inlet channel, the gasifying agent header, and the gasifying agent outlet channel to the gasifier. The gasifying agent header is sleeved outside the hot fuel channel, and the axis of the gasifying agent inlet channel is parallel to the axis of the hot fuel channel. The refractory insulation layer has a cylindrical structure and is coaxially arranged with the hot fuel delivery unit. The hot fuel channel, the gasifying agent inlet channel, the gasifying agent header, and the gasifying agent outlet channel are embedded within the refractory insulation layer. This disclosure can be used to deliver and react hot fuel and gasifying agent at 800-1100℃, achieving the concentration of hot semi-coke particles in the hot fuel and the enhancement of the reaction between hot semi-coke and the gasifying agent, while reducing the oxidation of hot coal gas by the gasifying agent.

[0056] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this disclosure clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0057] Certain embodiments of this disclosure will be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings, some of which, but not all, will be shown. In fact, various embodiments of this disclosure may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided to enable this disclosure to meet applicable legal requirements.

[0058] In a first exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, a vaporization nozzle is provided. Figure 1 This is a front view of the gasification nozzle according to the first embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view along the AA direction. Figure 3 for Figure 1 Sectional view along the BB direction. Figure 4 This is a top view of the vaporization nozzle according to the first embodiment of this disclosure. Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this disclosure provides a gasification nozzle, including a hot fuel delivery unit 10, a gasifying agent delivery unit 20, and a refractory insulation layer 30. The hot fuel delivery unit 10 includes a hot fuel inlet 12 and a hot fuel passage 11. The gasifying agent delivery unit 20 includes a gasifying agent inlet passage 21, a gasifying agent header 22, a gasifying agent outlet passage 23, and a cooling passage 24.

[0059] The thermal fuel passage 11 is cylindrical and is used to transport thermal fuel into the gasifier. The thermal fuel includes hot semi-coke particles and high-temperature combustible gas. The high-temperature combustible gas is the fuel produced by the pyrolysis and gasification of carbon-based fuels, including H2, CO, CH4, and other hydrocarbon gases.

[0060] The thermal fuel inlet 12 is tangentially arranged to the thermal fuel channel 11 to deliver thermal fuel into the thermal fuel channel 11. Specifically, the tangential arrangement means that the axis of the thermal fuel inlet 12 does not pass through the axis of the thermal fuel channel 11; or the axis of the thermal fuel inlet 12 does not pass through the center of the cross-section of the thermal fuel channel 11. After the thermal fuel enters the thermal fuel channel 11 through the tangential inlet, the hot semi-coke particles will concentrate near the wall of the thermal fuel channel 11 due to inertia and flow downwards in a cyclone-like manner. At the outlet of the thermal fuel channel 11, a distribution of low concentration of hot semi-coke particles at the center and high concentration near the wall is formed, meaning that the semi-coke particles accumulate near the wall of the thermal fuel channel, achieving concentration of hot semi-coke particles near the outlet wall of the thermal fuel channel 11.

[0061] The axial direction of the gasifying agent inlet channel 21 is parallel to the axial direction of the hot fuel channel 11 and is connected to the gasifying agent header 22. In an optional embodiment, at least two gasifying agent inlet channels 21 are evenly distributed around the hot fuel channel 11.

[0062] The gasifying agent header 22 is an annular channel connected to the gasifying agent inlet channel 21.

[0063] The gasifying agent outlet channel 23 is connected to the gasifying agent header 22 and is used to transport the gasifying agent into the gasifier. There are at least two gasifying agent inlet channels 23. In an optional embodiment, the number of gasifying agent outlet channels 23 is greater than or equal to two, and they are evenly arranged along the circumference, where n is an integer greater than 1. More preferably, n is an integer greater than 2.

[0064] Cooling channels 24 are located outside the vaporizing agent inlet channel 21 and the vaporizing agent header 22. The number of vaporizing agent inlet channels 21 is 2m, where m is an integer greater than or equal to 1. When there are two vaporizing agent inlet channels 21, one part of the cooling channel outside the vaporizing agent inlet channel 21 serves as the cooling medium inlet pipe, and the other as the cooling medium outlet pipe. When there are 2m vaporizing agent inlet channels 21, m of them serve as cooling medium inlet pipes, and the remaining m serve as cooling medium outlet pipes.

[0065] The angle α between the centerline of the gasifying agent outlet channel 23 and the outlet cross-section of the hot fuel channel 11 is 20° to 80°. Any value of α, such as 20°, 30°, 40°, 50°, 60°, 70°, or 80°, is applicable to this embodiment and will not be listed here. This angle α is determined according to the requirements for the location of the high-temperature zone inside the gasifier. By setting different angle values, rapid and thorough mixing of the gasifying agent and the hot fuel is ensured. The outlet wall of the gasifying agent outlet channel 23 is close to the outlet wall of the hot fuel channel 11, allowing the gasifying agent to directly contact the dense-phase hot semi-coke particles, thus enhancing the gasification reaction of the hot semi-coke particles.

[0066] The outer wall of the refractory insulation layer 30 is a cylinder coaxial with the hot fuel channel 11. The hot fuel channel, the gasifying agent inlet channel 21, the gasifying agent header 22, the gasifying agent outlet channel 23, and the cooling channel 24 are all embedded in the refractory insulation layer 30, so that the hot fuel conveying unit 10 and the gasifying agent conveying unit 20 together form a whole.

[0067] In this embodiment, the hot fuel inlet 12 and the hot fuel channel 11 are formed of high-temperature alloy materials (such as 310s, Inconel 600, Inconel 625, Inconel 825, etc.) or refractory insulation materials (such as corundum, mullite, chrome bricks, etc.). The outer walls of the hot fuel inlet 12 and the hot fuel channel 11 that are in contact with the hot fuel are covered with wear-resistant materials (such as wear-resistant castables, plastics, ramming mixes, wear-resistant bricks, corundum, ceramics, etc.). The walls of the gasifying agent inlet channel 21, the gasifying agent header 22, and the cooling channel 24 are made of high-temperature alloy materials; the gasifying agent outlet channel 23 is made of high-temperature alloy materials, and its outer wall is covered with insulation materials (such as aluminates, high-alumina fines, ceramsite, corundum, mullite, silicates, calcium silicates, etc.).

[0068] Among them, the minimum thickness H of the refractory insulation layer 30 between the cooling channel 24 outside the gasifying agent inlet channel 21 and the hot fuel channel 11 is greater than or equal to the minimum thickness h of the refractory insulation layer between the cooling channel 24 outside the gasifying agent header 22 and the hot fuel channel 11. This reduces the influence of the cooling medium in the cooling channel on the hot fuel temperature while minimizing the influence of the hot fuel on the gasifying agent temperature in the gasifying agent outlet channel.

[0069] The vaporizing agent inlet channel 21 and the cooling channel 24 can be combined in various ways. For example, multiple vaporizing agent inlet channels 21 and multiple cooling channels 24 can form a vaporizing agent-cooling channel group, with each vaporizing agent inlet channel 21 and one cooling channel 24 arranged coaxially. The number of vaporizing agent outlet channels 23 is greater than or equal to the number of vaporizing agent inlet channels 21.

[0070] The cooling channel 24 can be a cooling jacket or a cooling coil. When the cooling channel 24 is a cooling coil, the metal coil is spirally wound around the outer wall of the vaporizing agent inlet channel 21 and the vaporizing agent header 22 that need to be cooled.

[0071] In this embodiment, hot fuel is fed into the gasifier through the hot fuel channel 11, and gasifying agent is fed into the gasifier through the gasifying agent inlet channel 21, the gasifying agent header 22, and the gasifying agent outlet channel 23. By utilizing the tangential arrangement of the hot fuel inlet 12 and the hot fuel channel 11, the hot semi-coke particles are concentrated near the channel outlet wall, which enhances the hot semi-coke gasification reaction and reduces the consumption of hot coal gas by the gasifying agent oxidation. The cooling channel ensures that the temperature of the gasifying agent inlet channel and the gasifying agent header wall is within a safe temperature range. The refractory insulation layer 30 reduces the heat dissipation of the hot fuel and the heat transfer between the hot fuel and the gasifying agent.

[0072] The refractory insulation layer 30 isolates the hot fuel channel 11 from the cooling channel 24, effectively reducing the impact of the cooling medium in the cooling channel 24 on the hot fuel temperature and ensuring the temperature of the hot fuel entering the gasifier. Simultaneously, the refractory insulation layer 30 and the cooling channel 24 separate the gasifying agent inlet channel 21 and the gasifying agent header 22 from the hot fuel channel 11, effectively reducing the impact of the hot fuel on the gasifying agent temperature and ensuring the gasifying agent temperature remains within a safe range. The angle of the gasifying agent outlet channel 23, the gasifying agent outlet speed, and the hot fuel outlet speed are coordinated to effectively control the mixing of hot fuel and gasifying agent within the gasifier and the location of the high-temperature zone, protecting the refractory insulation material on the inner wall of the gasifier while ensuring the gasification intensity within the furnace. Since the hot fuel channel 11 and the gasifying agent delivery unit 20 need to be isolated by the refractory insulation layer 30, there is a certain radial distance between the gasifying agent outlet and the hot fuel outlet, which delays the mixing of hot fuel and gasifying agent. However, since the temperature of the hot fuel is higher than the ignition point, the delay in mixing of hot fuel and gasifying agent does not affect the organization of the gasification process and the overall gasification performance.

[0073] In a second exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, a vaporization nozzle is provided. Figure 5 This is a front view of the gasification nozzle according to the second embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 6 for Figure 5 Sectional view along line AA. (See example) Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the main difference between the gasification nozzle of this embodiment and the gasification nozzle of the first embodiment is that:

[0074] The thermal fuel inlet 12 has a volute-type structure, and the thermal fuel channels 12 are arranged approximately tangentially. For example... Figures 5 to 6 As shown, the gasification nozzle includes a hot fuel delivery unit 10, a gasifying agent delivery unit 20, and a refractory insulation layer 30. The hot fuel delivery unit 10 includes a hot fuel inlet 12 and a hot fuel passage 11. The gasifying agent delivery unit 20 includes a gasifying agent inlet passage 21, a gasifying agent header 22, a gasifying agent outlet passage 23, and a cooling passage 24.

[0075] In this process, the thermal fuel enters the thermal fuel channel 11 tangentially through the volute-type thermal fuel inlet 12. Due to inertia, the hot semi-coke particles are concentrated near the wall of the thermal fuel channel 11 and flow downward in a cyclone shape. At the outlet of the thermal fuel channel 11, a distribution of low concentration of hot semi-coke particles at the center and high concentration of particles near the wall is formed. This achieves concentration of hot semi-coke particles near the outlet wall of the thermal fuel channel 11, enabling direct contact between the gasifying agent and the concentrated phase of hot semi-coke particles, thus enhancing the gasification reaction of the hot semi-coke particles.

[0076] In a third exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, a vaporization nozzle is provided. Figure 7 This is a front view of the gasification nozzle according to the third embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 8 for Figure 7 Sectional view along the AA direction. Figure 9 This is a top view of the vaporization nozzle according to the third embodiment of this disclosure. Figures 7 to 9 As shown, the main difference between the gasification nozzle of this embodiment and the gasification nozzle of the first embodiment is that:

[0077] The hot fuel inlet 12 is the inlet end face of the hot fuel channel, and a baffle 13 is added at the outlet of the hot fuel channel 11. The baffle 13 is connected to the inner wall of the hot fuel channel through a refractory connecting beam. The shape of the baffle 13 can be conical or spindle-shaped, etc.

[0078] like Figures 7 to 9As shown, the gasification nozzle includes: a hot fuel delivery unit 10, a gasifying agent delivery unit 20, and a refractory insulation layer 30. The hot fuel delivery unit 10 includes a hot fuel inlet 12, a hot fuel passage 11, a baffle 13, and a connecting beam 14. The gasifying agent delivery unit 20 includes a gasifying agent inlet passage 21, a gasifying agent header 22, a gasifying agent outlet passage 23, and a cooling passage 24.

[0079] In this process, after the thermal fuel enters the thermal fuel channel 11 through the end face of the thermal fuel inlet 12, the hot semi-coke particles, under the action of the baffle 13 at the outlet of the thermal fuel channel 11, will concentrate near the channel wall due to inertia and continue to move along the axial direction of the thermal fuel channel 11 until the outlet of the thermal fuel channel 11. Under this action, a distribution of low concentration of hot semi-coke particles on the inner side and high concentration of particles near the wall is formed at the outlet of the thermal fuel channel 11, thereby achieving concentration of hot semi-coke particles near the outlet wall of the thermal fuel channel, realizing direct contact between the gasifying agent and the dense phase of hot semi-coke particles, and enhancing the gasification reaction of hot semi-coke particles.

[0080] In a fourth exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, a vaporization nozzle is provided. Figure 10 This is a front view of the gasification nozzle according to the fourth embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 11 for Figure 10 Sectional view along the AA direction. Figure 12 for Figure 10 Sectional view along the BB direction. Figure 13 This is a top view of the vaporization nozzle according to the fourth embodiment of this disclosure. Figures 10 to 13 As shown, the main difference between the gasification nozzle of this embodiment and the gasification nozzle of the first embodiment is that:

[0081] The outlet of the hot fuel channel 11 has an enlarged diameter structure, and a baffle 13 is added to the outlet of the hot fuel channel 11. The baffle 13 has a through hole in the middle, and the baffle 13 is connected to the inner wall of the hot fuel channel through a refractory connecting beam. The shape of the baffle 13 can be conical or spindle-shaped, etc.

[0082] like Figures 10 to 13As shown, the gasification nozzle includes: a hot fuel delivery unit 10, a gasifying agent delivery unit 20, and a refractory insulation layer 30. The hot fuel delivery unit 10 includes a hot fuel inlet 12, a hot fuel channel 11, a baffle 13, and a connecting beam 14. The gasifying agent delivery unit 20 includes a gasifying agent inlet channel 21, a gasifying agent header 22, a gasifying agent outlet channel 23, and a cooling channel 24. The gasifying agent inlet channel 21 is tangentially arranged with the hot fuel channel 11, causing the fuel to rotate within the channel after flowing in. Specifically, the tangential arrangement means that the axis of the hot fuel inlet 12 does not pass through the axis of the hot fuel channel 11; or the axis of the hot fuel inlet 12 does not pass through the center of the cross-section of the hot fuel channel 11. The wall surface of the hot fuel channel near the outlet is configured as a conical flared structure, and the side wall surface of the baffle 13 is also conical, forming a conical annular seam between the conical flared wall surface and the conical flared wall surface. The side of the connecting beam 14 is curved, and its curvature direction is consistent with the rotation direction of the hot fuel flow. Preferably, the curved surface is an involute structure. A through hole is provided in the middle of the stop block 13.

[0083] Among them, there are at least two connecting beams 14, which are evenly arranged along the circumference.

[0084] In this embodiment, the angle β between the generatrix of the conical surface of the side wall of the baffle 13 and the outlet cross section of the hot fuel channel 11 is 20° to 80°. Any one of 20°, 30°, 40°, 50°, 60°, 70°, and 80° can be applied.

[0085] In this embodiment, the angle d is set to 20° to (170°-β).

[0086] In this embodiment, after the hot fuel rotates in, the semi-coke particles accumulate near the wall and flow downwards along the wall. At the conical annular slit between the baffle 13 and the conical flared wall, most of the semi-coke enters the slit due to inertia, while most of the reducing gas continues downwards from the central through-hole of the baffle 13. By setting the hot fuel to enter tangentially and the conical baffle with a central through-hole, the semi-coke and reducing gas in the hot fuel flow out of the nozzle from the bottom of the annular slit and the central through-hole, respectively. The semi-coke and reducing gas travel a greater distance, resulting in closer contact between the semi-coke and the gasifying agent. Therefore, the reaction between the gasifying agent and the semi-coke can be enhanced, and the consumption of reducing gas by the gasifying agent can be reduced. This improves the gasification efficiency.

[0087] The embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that implementations not illustrated or described in the drawings or the main text of the specification are forms known to those skilled in the art and are not described in detail. Furthermore, the definitions of the various elements and methods described above are not limited to the specific structures, shapes, or methods mentioned in the embodiments, and those skilled in the art can easily modify or substitute them.

[0088] Based on the above description, those skilled in the art should have a clear understanding of the gasification nozzle of this disclosure.

[0089] In summary, this disclosure provides a gasification nozzle that can be used to transport and react thermal fuel and gasifying agent at 800-1100°C, thereby concentrating hot semi-coke particles in the thermal fuel and enhancing the reaction between hot semi-coke and the gasifying agent, while reducing the oxidation of hot coal gas by the gasifying agent. It can be applied to the transport of thermal fuel and gasifying agent and the organization of their reaction in fluidized melt gasification processes, and has broad application prospects in the field of gasification technology.

[0090] It should also be noted that the directional terms mentioned in the embodiments, such as "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," and "right," are only for reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure. Throughout the drawings, the same elements are represented by the same or similar reference numerals. Conventional structures or constructions will be omitted where they may cause confusion in understanding this disclosure.

[0091] Furthermore, the shapes and dimensions of the components in the figures do not reflect actual size and proportion, but are merely illustrative of embodiments of this disclosure. Additionally, any reference numerals placed between parentheses in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0092] Unless otherwise stated, the numerical parameters in this specification and the appended claims are approximate values ​​and can be varied according to desired characteristics derived from the content of this disclosure. Specifically, all figures used in the specification and claims to indicate composition, reaction conditions, etc., should be understood to be modified by the term "about" in all cases. Generally, this means that a specific amount may vary by ±10% in some embodiments, ±5% in some embodiments, ±1% in some embodiments, and ±0.5% in some embodiments.

[0093] Furthermore, the word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claims. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements.

[0094] Similarly, it should be understood that, in order to simplify this disclosure and aid in understanding one or more of the various aspects of the disclosure, in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the disclosure, various features of the disclosure are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, this approach to disclosure should not be construed as reflecting an intention that the claimed disclosure requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as reflected in the following claims, the aspects of the disclosure consist of fewer than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Therefore, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into that detailed description, wherein each claim itself is a separate embodiment of the disclosure.

[0095] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this disclosure. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of this disclosure and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure should be included within the protection scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A vaporization nozzle, wherein, include: The hot fuel conveying unit is used to transport hot fuel from the hot fuel inlet through the hot fuel channel downwards to the gasifier; The thermal fuel channel has a cylindrical structure; Thermal fuels include hot semi-coke pellets and high-temperature combustible gases; A gasifying agent conveying unit is used to sequentially convey gasifying agent through at least two gasifying agent inlet channels, a gasifying agent header, and a gasifying agent outlet channel into the gasifier; the gasifying agent header is sleeved outside the hot fuel channel, and the axis of the gasifying agent inlet channel is parallel to the axis of the hot fuel channel; The refractory insulation layer has a cylindrical structure. The refractory insulation layer is coaxially arranged with the thermal fuel conveying unit, and the thermal fuel channel, the gasifying agent inlet channel, the gasifying agent header and the gasifying agent outlet channel are embedded in the refractory insulation layer. The gasifying agent outlet channel is uniformly distributed circumferentially along the hot fuel channel; The axial direction of the hot fuel inlet is tangential to the hot fuel passage; the axis of the hot fuel inlet does not pass through the axis of the hot fuel passage. Alternatively, the axis of the hot fuel inlet does not pass through the center of the cross-section of the hot fuel passage.

2. The gasification nozzle according to claim 1, wherein, The thermal fuel delivery unit also includes: The hot fuel channel and the hot fuel inlet are coaxially arranged; the hot fuel delivery unit further includes a stop block, which is built into the outlet of the hot fuel channel and is connected to the inner wall of the hot fuel channel through a connecting beam.

3. The vaporization nozzle according to claim 1, wherein, The hot fuel delivery unit further includes: a baffle block, built into the outlet of the hot fuel channel, the baffle block having a through hole at its center; the outlet of the hot fuel channel having an enlarged diameter structure; the side wall of the baffle block being a conical surface forming a conical annular gap with the outlet of the hot fuel channel; the angle between the side wall of the baffle block and the cross-section of the outlet of the hot fuel channel being β, wherein 20°≤β≤80°.

4. The gasification nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The gasifying agent header is an annular channel and is connected to the gasifying agent inlet channel; The gasifying agent outlet channel is connected to the gasifying agent header; the gasifying agent conveying unit further includes: A cooling channel is provided outside the vaporizing agent inlet channel and the vaporizing agent header; The cooling channels are arranged in pairs, with each cooling channel serving as a cooling medium inlet pipe and a cooling medium outlet pipe, respectively.

5. The gasification nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The gasifying agent outlet and the hot fuel channel outlet face form an angle α, where 20°≤α≤80°.

6. The vaporizing nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The number of gasifying agent outlet channels is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the number of gasifying agent outlet channels is greater than or equal to the number of gasifying agent inlet channels.

7. The gasification nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The cross-section of the inlet of the thermal fuel channel can be any one of a rectangle, a circle, or an ellipse; the thermal fuel channel is a rotating space.

8. The vaporizing nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The thermal fuel includes hot semi-coke particles and high-temperature combustible gas; the high-temperature combustible gas is selected from one or more of CH4, H2, and CO; the temperature range of the thermal fuel is 800-1100℃.

9. The gasification nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The minimum thickness H of the refractory insulation layer between the cooling channel and the hot fuel channel outside the gasifying agent inlet channel is greater than or equal to the minimum thickness h of the refractory insulation layer between the cooling channel and the hot fuel channel outside the gasifying agent header.

Images