A large caisson sinking construction method

Abstract

The application relates to the field of sinking wells, in particular to a large sinking well sinking construction method, which comprises the following steps: setting a sinking well body; sinking the sinking well body; digging out peripheral soil in a soil structure in the sinking well body, and continuing to sink the sinking well body; wherein the soil structure in the sinking well body is first dug out from the periphery to the center, and the dug-out soil structure is transported out of the sinking well body; the center soil is cut and collapsed under the extrusion of a sinking well body structure frame beam; and the sinking well body continues to sink. The application has the effect that the center soil can be conveniently taken out during large-diameter sinking well construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of caissons, and in particular to a method for sinking large caissons. Background Technology

[0002] Caisson sinking construction refers to the construction of a bottomless cylindrical structure on the ground as a caisson. Then, soil is removed from the caisson under the protection of the caisson walls, and the caisson sinks continuously under its own weight until it reaches the required elevation, after which the bottom is sealed.

[0003] In related technologies, the diameter of the caisson cross-section is usually less than 30m. Generally, a soil removal scheme is adopted, which involves excavating the middle first and then the surrounding areas, to ensure that the caisson sinks slowly, continuously and stably.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the inventors believe that the following defects exist: for large caissons with a large diameter, if a method of excavating and sinking the soil from the center to the perimeter is used, it is difficult to remove the soil from the center of the caisson. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To facilitate the removal of core soil during the construction of large-diameter caissons, this application provides a method for sinking large caissons.

[0006] The large caisson sinking construction method provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: Construction method for sinking large caissons, including setting up the caisson body; This causes the caisson body to sink. The outer soil in the soil structure under the caisson body is excavated, and the caisson body continues to sink. The process involves first excavating the soil structure inside the caisson body from the four sides and then from the center. The excavated soil structure is then transported outside the caisson body. The soil in the center is cut and collapses due to the squeezing action of the structural frame beams under the caisson body, and the caisson body continues to sink.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, in the construction of a large-diameter caisson, the soil structure inside the caisson body is excavated first from the periphery and then from the center. In the initial stage of sinking, the caisson body sinks naturally due to its own weight. After the outer soil is excavated, the central soil is cut by the structural frame beams and collapses naturally, causing the caisson body to continue to sink. After the central soil collapses, it falls to the outer periphery of the central soil, which facilitates the removal of the central soil.

[0008] Preferably, the step involves excavating the outer soil within the soil structure of the caisson body, while the caisson body continues to sink. A sling-mounted crane is used to lift and grab the soil, and a small excavator is used to assist in the excavation.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, and using a jacking crane and a small excavator to assist in the external excavation, the soil inside the caisson can be removed.

[0010] Preferably, the step of setting the caisson body includes Set up the foundation pit; Set up pads; The caisson body is installed on the pad block.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the pad blocks reduce the phenomenon of sinking of the caisson body before its completion, thus enhancing the accuracy of the caisson body sinking operation.

[0012] Preferably, the caisson body is set on the pad block, including Erect the casting mold; Concrete pouring; After the concrete has set, the casting mold is removed to obtain the caisson body. The caisson body is designed as a cylindrical structure, and a cutting edge is provided at the bottom of the caisson body. Remove the padding blocks.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the caisson body is made of concrete, and the bottom of the caisson body is provided with a cutting edge to facilitate the insertion of the caisson body into the soil at the bottom of the foundation pit, thereby accelerating the sinking speed of the caisson body.

[0014] Preferably, in the step of removing the pad blocks, the opposite pad blocks are simultaneously pulled out in opposite directions until all pad blocks are removed, so that the caisson body comes into contact with the soil at the bottom of the foundation pit.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the opposing pads are simultaneously extracted in opposite directions, reducing the phenomenon of tilting of the caisson body and improving the stability of the caisson body during the sinking process.

[0016] Preferably, in the step of setting the pad, the pad is set as a square plate structure, the intersection of the diagonals of the pad is on the same circle, adjacent pads are evenly spaced, and the intersection of the diagonals of the relative pads is on the diameter of the circular structure.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the pad blocks are evenly distributed on the caisson body and the bottom diameter of the foundation pit, so that the pad blocks can support the caisson body relatively stably.

[0018] Preferably, a soil-removing device is provided above the caisson body. The soil-removing device includes a frame, a conveyor rail mounted on the frame, a transport device mounted on the conveyor rail, and a conveying device for driving the transport device to move. The frame is set on the ground and spans the foundation pit, positioned above the pit opening. The transport device includes a sliding structure, a lifting structure, and a basket. The basket is mounted on the lifting structure, the lifting structure is mounted on the sliding structure, and the sliding structure is mounted on the conveyor rail and is capable of moving on the conveyor rail.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the conveying device is used to push the transport device to move on the conveying track until the transport device moves above the soil extraction position. The lifting structure adjusts the height of the basket, so that the basket is lowered to the extraction position. After the soil is loaded into the basket, the lifting structure raises the basket, and the conveying device moves the basket to the ground to complete the transportation of the soil.

[0020] Preferably, the conveying device includes a push rod, a chain, at least two sprockets, and a drive component for driving the sprockets to rotate. The sprockets are rotatably connected to the frame, the chain is sleeved on the sprockets and meshes with the sprockets, and the push rod is fixed on the chain.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the driving component drives the sprocket to rotate, the sprocket rotation drives the chain to rotate, and the chain rotation causes the push rod to push the transport device to move, thereby achieving the purpose of driving the transport device to move.

[0022] Preferably, the sliding structure includes a roller, a baffle, and a connecting rope. The roller is placed on the conveyor rail, the baffle is rotatably connected to the roller, the connecting rope is fixedly connected to the baffle, and the connecting rope is fixedly connected to the lifting structure.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the rollers roll on the conveyor rail to achieve the purpose of moving the transport device. The baffle is used to limit the position of the rollers to reduce the phenomenon of the rollers coming off the conveyor rail.

[0024] Preferably, the lifting structure includes a housing, a winding wheel rotatably connected to the housing, a hoisting rope wound around the winding wheel, and a rotating component for driving the winding wheel to rotate. The free end of the hoisting rope is fixed to the basket, and the housing is fixed to the connecting rope.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotating component drives the winding wheel to rotate, so that the winding wheel can perform the work of winding or unwinding the rope, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the height of the suspended platform. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram showing the foundation pit, pad block, and main body in a large caisson sinking construction method according to this application.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a top view of the soil extraction device in a large caisson sinking construction method according to this application.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the soil extraction device in a large caisson sinking construction method according to this application.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of a conveying device and a transport device in a large caisson sinking construction method according to this application.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the transportation device in a large caisson sinking construction method according to this application.

[0031] Figure label: 1. Caisson body; 10. Cutting edge; 2. Foundation pit; 3. Pad block; 4. Soil removal device; 5. Frame; 50. Support plate; 51. First leg; 52. Second leg; 6. Conveyor rail; 60. Connecting plate; 7. Conveying device; 70. Drive assembly; 700. Chain; 701. Sprocket; 702. Drive component; 71. Push rod; 8. Transport device; 80. Sliding structure; 800. Roller; 801. Baffle; 802. Connecting rope; 81. Lifting structure; 810. Shell; 811. Winding reel; 812. Lifting rope; 813. Rotating component; 82. Suspended basket. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-5 This application will be described in further detail.

[0033] This application discloses a method for sinking a large caisson, the method including... S1: Set up the caisson body 1, wherein the caisson body 1 is obtained by setting up the caisson structure; S10: Set up foundation pit 2; excavate foundation pit 2 on the ground for erecting the caisson structure, refer to... Figure 1 The sidewalls of the foundation pit 2 are inclined from the bottom to above the ground, and the diameter of the pit opening of the foundation pit 2 is larger than the diameter of the bottom of the foundation pit 2; S11: Set pad 3; Specifically, multiple pad blocks 3 are installed at the bottom of foundation pit 2, as shown in the following figure. Figure 2 The pad 3 is set as a square plate structure, and the intersection of the diagonals of each pad 3 is on the same circle. Adjacent pads 3 are evenly spaced, and the intersection of the diagonals of the opposite pads 3 is on the diameter of the circular structure.

[0034] S12: Set up a caisson structure on the pad block 3; S120: Erecting casting molds and structural steel reinforcement; Specifically, structural steel bars for the caisson body 1 are set on the pad block 3, and a casting mold is set outside the structural steel bars. The casting mold has a casting cavity for forming the caisson body 1. A casting port is set on the casting mold and the casting port is connected to the casting cavity. The casting mold is assembled on the pad block 3.

[0035] The caisson structure includes the caisson body 1, the casting mold used to form the caisson body 1, and the scaffolding erected for the installation and dismantling of the casting mold.

[0036] S121: Concrete pouring; Injecting concrete into the pouring cavity from the pouring port.

[0037] S122: After the concrete has set, remove the casting mold to obtain the caisson body 1; Specifically, refer to Figure 1 The caisson body 1 is a reinforced concrete structure. The caisson body 1 is set as a column structure with a circular cross-section. Both the upper and lower ends of the caisson body 1 are through-holes. The bottom of the caisson body 1 is provided with a cutting edge 10. When the cutting edge 10 contacts the bottom of the pit 2, it can be inserted into the soil at the bottom of the pit 2 to facilitate the sinking of the caisson body 1.

[0038] S123: Remove pad block 3.

[0039] Specifically, when removing the pad blocks 3, the opposite pad blocks 3 are simultaneously pulled out in opposite directions until all pad blocks 3 are removed, so that the caisson body 1 comes into contact with the soil at the bottom of the pit 2. Pulling out the opposite pad blocks 3 in opposite directions at the same time makes the overall structure of the caisson body 1 more stable.

[0040] S2: The caisson body 1 sinks naturally due to its own weight; Specifically, the bottom of the caisson body 1 is placed on the bottom of the foundation pit 2. In the initial stage of sinking, the caisson body 1 naturally sinks and inserts into the soil at the bottom of the foundation pit 2 due to its own weight.

[0041] S3: Excavate the outer soil of the soil structure inside the caisson body 1, and the caisson body 1 continues to sink.

[0042] Specifically, the soil structure inside the caisson body 1 is excavated from the four sides and then from the center, and the excavated soil structure is transported outside the caisson body 1.

[0043] In the soil structure inside the caisson body 1, the outer soil is removed by equipment. In this embodiment, the outer soil is removed by a crawler crane. The central soil is cut off and collapses naturally due to the squeezing action of the structural frame beam of the caisson body 1, causing the caisson body 1 to continue to sink.

[0044] When the exposed height of the caisson body 1 is small, it is easy to use a jacking crane to lift and grab the soil. For the part that cannot be grabbed, a small excavator is used to assist in the excavation. The implementation principle of a large caisson sinking construction method in this application embodiment is as follows: For large caissons with a large diameter, the sinking process is more stable due to the smaller height-to-width ratio compared to caissons with a larger height-to-width ratio. The soil structure inside the caisson body 1 is excavated first from the periphery and then from the center. In the initial stage of sinking, the caisson body 1 sinks naturally due to its own weight. After the outer soil is excavated, the central soil is cut by the structural frame beam and collapses naturally, allowing the caisson body 1 to continue sinking.

[0045] In other embodiments, refer to Figure 2 In order to facilitate the removal of the excavated soil from the caisson body 1, a soil removal device 4 is installed above the caisson body 1.

[0046] Reference Figure 3 The soil extraction device 4 includes a frame 5, a conveyor rail 6, a conveying device 7, and a transport device 8. The frame 5 is erected on the ground and spans across the foundation pit 2 so that the frame 5 is positioned above the opening of the foundation pit 2. The frame 5 includes a support plate 50, a first leg 51 and a second leg 52 welded to the support plate 50. The first leg 51 and the second leg 52 are fixed to the ground by steel nails.

[0047] Reference Figure 4 The conveying device 7 is mounted on the support plate 50, the conveying rail 6 is mounted on the lower surface of the support plate 50, and the transport device 8 is mounted on the conveying rail 6. The conveying device 7 is used to push the transport device 8 to move on the conveying rail 6.

[0048] Reference Figure 4 The transport device 8 includes a sliding structure 80, a lifting structure 81 mounted on the sliding structure 80, and a basket 82. The sliding structure 80 is mounted on the conveyor rail 6 and is slidably connected to the conveyor rail 6. The lifting structure 81 is used to adjust the height of the basket 82.

[0049] After the suspended basket 82 is moved above the caisson body 1, the lifting structure 81 is adjusted to lower the height of the suspended basket 82, and the soil in the caisson body 1 is loaded into the suspended basket 82. The lifting structure 81 is then adjusted to raise the height of the suspended basket 82, and the suspended basket 82 is then transported to the ground by the conveying device 7 to complete the soil extraction.

[0050] Reference Figure 4The conveying device 7 includes a drive assembly 70 and a push rod 71. The drive assembly 70 includes a chain 700, a sprocket 701, and a drive component 702. Two sprockets 701 are provided, and the sprockets 701 are rotatably mounted on the lower surface of the support plate 50. The drive component 702 is a motor, and the output shaft of the drive component 702 is coaxially fixed with the sprockets 701, enabling the drive component 702 to drive the sprockets 701 to rotate. The chain 700 is tensioned and fitted onto the sprockets 701 and meshes with them. The chain 700 is positioned between the conveying rail 6 and the support plate 50. The conveying rail 6 is a circular track, and a connecting plate 60 is welded onto the conveying rail 6. The connecting plate 60 is welded to the lower surface of the support plate 50 to fix the conveying rail 6 onto the support plate 50. The circular structure formed by the chain 700 corresponds to the circular structure formed by the conveying rail 6. The push rod 71 is fixedly welded to the chain 700. The drive unit 702 drives the sprocket 701 to rotate, the sprocket 701 rotates and drives the chain 700 to rotate. While the chain 700 is rotating, the push rod 71 on the chain 700 moves to push the transport device 8 to move.

[0051] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 Two sets of sliding structures 80 are set up and placed on both sides of the connecting plate 60 on the conveying rail 6 respectively. The two sets of sliding structures 80 reciprocate on the conveying rail 6 to transport the soil.

[0052] Reference Figure 5 The sliding structure 80 includes a roller 800, baffles 801, and connecting ropes 802. Two baffles 801 are provided, rotatably connected to both ends of the roller 800 along its length. Two connecting ropes 802 are provided, one end of each rope being fixed to one of the two baffles 801, and the other ends being glued and fixed. The roller 800 is placed on the conveyor rail 6, and the baffles 801 are located on both sides of the conveyor rail 6 to reduce the possibility of the roller 800 detaching from the conveyor rail 6. A push rod 71 abuts against the roller 800, and the push rod 71 can push the roller 800 to roll on the conveyor rail 6.

[0053] Reference Figure 5The lifting structure 81 includes a housing 810, a winding reel 811 disposed within the housing 810, a hoisting rope 812, and a rotating component 813. The top of the housing 810 is fixedly connected to the connecting rope 802. The winding reel 811 is rotatably disposed within the housing 810, and the hoisting rope 812 is wound around the reel. The free end of the hoisting rope 812 extends out of the housing 810 and is fixed to the suspended basket 82. The rotating component 813 is a motor, and its rotation shaft is coaxially fixed with the winding reel 811. A battery for powering the rotating component 813 is also disposed within the housing 810. The rotating component 813 drives the winding reel 811 to rotate, thereby adjusting the length of the hoisting rope 812 extending out of the housing 810 to adjust the height of the suspended basket 82. The rotating component 813 is communicatively connected to a remote control device, which is used to control the rotation of the rotating component 813. Operators can remotely control the rotation of the rotating component 813 via the remote control device to achieve rope winding and unwinding.

[0054] The implementation principle of a large caisson sinking construction method according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: A conveying device 7 moves a transport device 8 on a conveyor rail 6, causing a suspended basket 82 to move above the caisson body 1. A lifting structure 81 lowers the suspended basket 82, loads the soil into it, and then raises the basket 82, moving it back to the ground along the conveyor rail 6. During the sinking process, because the caisson body 1 is exposed above the bottom of the foundation pit 2, the soil inside the caisson body 1 is difficult to remove. The suspended basket 82, which can move and rise above the caisson body 1, facilitates the removal of the soil.

[0055] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for sinking large caissons, characterized in that: include Setting up the caisson body (1); the step of setting up the caisson body (1) includes Set up the foundation pit (2); Set up pads (3); The caisson body (1) is set on the pad block (3); The steps include setting the caisson body (1) on the pad block (3). Erect the casting mold; Concrete pouring; After the concrete has set, the casting mold is removed to obtain the caisson body (1). The caisson body (1) is configured as a cylindrical structure, and a blade (10) is provided at the bottom of the caisson body (1). Remove the pad (3); To sink the caisson body (1); The outer soil of the soil structure inside the caisson body (1) is excavated, and the caisson body (1) continues to sink; Among them, the soil structure inside the caisson body (1) is excavated from the four sides and then from the center, and the excavated soil structure is transported to the outside of the caisson body (1). The soil in the center is cut and collapsed by the squeezing action of the structural frame beam of the caisson body (1), and the caisson body (1) continues to sink. The steps described above involve excavating the outer soil within the soil structure of the caisson body (1), while the caisson body (1) continues to sink. Use a sling-mounted crane to lift and grab the soil, and use a small excavator to assist in excavation. A soil-collecting device (4) is provided above the caisson body (1). The soil-collecting device (4) includes a frame (5), a conveyor rail (6) on the frame (5), a transport device (8) on the conveyor rail (6), and a conveyor device (7) for driving the transport device (8) to move. The frame (5) is set on the ground and spans the pit (2) above the pit opening. The transport device (8) includes a sliding structure (80), a lifting structure (81), and a basket (82). The basket (82) is installed on the lifting structure (81), the lifting structure (81) is installed on the sliding structure (80), and the sliding structure (80) is installed on the conveyor rail (6) and can move on the conveyor rail (6). The conveying device (7) includes a push rod (71), a chain (700), at least two sprockets (701), and a drive unit (702) for driving the sprockets (701) to rotate. The sprockets (701) are rotatably connected to the frame (5). The chain (700) is sleeved on the sprockets (701) and meshes with the sprockets (701). The push rod (71) is fixed on the chain (700).

2. The method for sinking large caissons according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of removing the pad (3), The opposing pads (3) are simultaneously pulled out in opposite directions until all pads (3) are removed so that the caisson body (1) comes into contact with the soil at the bottom of the pit (2).

3. The method for sinking large caissons according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of setting the pad (3), The pad (3) is set as a square plate structure. The intersection of the diagonals of the pad (3) is on the same circle. Adjacent pads (3) are evenly spaced, and the intersection of the diagonals of the pads (3) is on the diameter of the circular structure.

4. The method for sinking large caissons according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding structure (80) includes a roller (800), a baffle (801), and a connecting rope (802). The roller (800) is placed on the conveyor rail (6). The baffle (801) is rotatably connected to the roller (800). The connecting rope (802) is fixedly connected to the baffle (801). The connecting rope (802) is fixed to the lifting structure (81).

5. The method for sinking large caissons according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lifting structure (81) includes a housing (810), a winding wheel (811) rotatably connected to the housing (810), a hoisting rope (812) wound on the winding wheel (811), and a rotating component (813) for driving the winding wheel (811) to rotate. The free end of the hoisting rope (812) is fixed to the basket (82), and the housing (810) is fixed to the connecting rope (802).

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