A system for atelectasis detection and evaluation and method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of atelectasis detection evaluation system and method thereof, the system includes data acquisition subsystem and data processing subsystem, wherein, data acquisition subsystem real-time acquisition electrical impedance data, data processing subsystem generates double lung ventilation three-dimensional model and double lung upper and lower ventilation two-dimensional cross-sectional image according to electrical impedance data respectively, generates double lung blood flow three-dimensional model and double lung upper and lower blood flow two-dimensional cross-sectional image;And calculate left and right lung blood flow signal existing area volume and left and right lung lobe percentage of total lung blood flow signal existing area, calculate left and right lung ventilation signal existing area volume and left and right lung lobe percentage of total lung ventilation signal existing area, calculate left and right side lung atelectasis area volume and total lung atelectasis area volume;Also for judging whether there is atelectasis and judging the improvement state of atelectasis.Compared with prior art, the present application can conveniently, real-time, non-destructive, non-radiation atelectasis detection and functional evaluation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a system and method for detecting and evaluating atelectasis. Background Technology

[0002] Atelectasis is a condition in which lung tissue becomes deprived of air or has a reduced air content, leading to alveolar collapse, lung tissue atrophy, and a decrease in lung volume. Common causes include airway obstruction by sputum, foreign bodies, or intraluminal masses; pneumothorax, pleural effusion, or large masses compressing lung tissue; adhesions and traction; prolonged bed rest; respiratory muscle weakness; deep anesthesia and sedation; and high-concentration oxygen therapy. Atelectasis impairs normal lung ventilation and gas exchange, causing hypoxemia. The collapsed lung tissue increases the risk of bacterial infection, further aggravating the condition. Therefore, it is crucial to raise awareness of atelectasis in clinical practice, especially in cases of potential iatrogenic atelectasis, requiring timely diagnosis and intervention to restore normal alveolar ventilation and reverse the atelectasis.

[0003] In clinical practice, X-rays and CT scans are commonly used to diagnose atelectasis. X-rays may show decreased translucency and reduced lung volume on the affected side, while CT images may further reveal signs of vascular and bronchial aggregation. Both CT and X-rays involve radiation, requiring repeated examinations for comparison during follow-up assessments, thus increasing radiation exposure. Furthermore, neither X-ray nor CT scans are convenient for bedside procedures. For patients at high risk of atelectasis, such as those requiring deep anesthesia, high-concentration oxygen therapy, or prolonged bed rest, real-time monitoring is not possible, potentially leading to delays in diagnosis and treatment. Secondly, current diagnostic methods lack functional imaging capabilities, making it impossible to assess the local and / or overall ventilation and perfusion function of the atelectasis lung tissue. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a lung atelectasis detection and assessment system and method that can conveniently, in real time and without radiation, detect lung atelectasis and perform functional assessment.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: an atelectasis detection and assessment system, comprising a data acquisition subsystem for real-time acquisition of patient electrical impedance data and a data processing subsystem for real-time processing of electrical impedance data. The data processing subsystem includes a lung ventilation model construction unit, a lung blood flow model construction unit, a bilateral lung blood flow region volume and percentage calculation unit, a bilateral lung ventilation region volume and percentage calculation unit, an atelectasis region (ROA) volume calculation unit, and an atelectasis discrimination unit. The lung ventilation model construction unit is used to generate a three-dimensional bilateral lung ventilation model and a two-dimensional cross-sectional image of the upper and lower bilateral lung ventilation in real time based on the electrical impedance data.

[0006] The lung blood flow model construction unit is used to generate a three-dimensional model of blood flow in both lungs and a two-dimensional cross-sectional image of blood flow in the upper and lower parts of both lungs in real time based on electrical impedance data.

[0007] The bilateral pulmonary blood flow region volume and percentage calculation unit is used to calculate the volume of the left and right lung blood flow signal areas based on the bilateral pulmonary blood flow three-dimensional model, and to calculate the percentage of the left and right lung lobes in the total pulmonary blood flow signal area.

[0008] The dual-lung ventilation area volume and percentage calculation unit is used to calculate the volume of the left and right lung ventilation signal areas based on the dual-lung ventilation three-dimensional model, and to calculate the percentage of the left and right lung lobes in the total lung ventilation signal area.

[0009] The atelectasis region volume calculation unit is used to calculate the volume of the left and right atelectasis regions and the volume of the atelectasis region of the whole lung.

[0010] The atelectasis determination unit is used to determine whether atelectasis exists and the degree of improvement of atelectasis based on the calculation results of the bilateral lung blood flow area volume and percentage calculation unit, the bilateral lung ventilation area volume and percentage calculation unit, and the atelectasis area volume calculation unit.

[0011] Furthermore, the data acquisition subsystem includes an electrode strip, which is connected to the data processing subsystem via wires and connectors. The electrode strip is used to acquire the user's impedance data and transmit it to the data processing subsystem via wires and connectors.

[0012] Furthermore, the data processing subsystem is equipped with an all-in-one machine, which includes a central controller, a data storage device, an integrated chip, a heat sink, signal input lines, and signal output lines. The central controller is connected to the data storage device and the integrated chip, and the integrated chip is connected to the signal input lines and the signal output lines. The signal input lines are connected to the electrode strips through wires and connectors.

[0013] Furthermore, the all-in-one machine is equipped with a touch screen display for displaying the operation interface to the user, displaying a three-dimensional ventilation model, a two-dimensional ventilation cross-sectional image, a three-dimensional pulmonary blood flow model, a two-dimensional blood flow cross-sectional image, the volume and percentage data of the blood flow areas of both lungs, the volume and percentage data of the ventilation areas of both lungs, and the volume and data of the atelectasis areas.

[0014] Furthermore, the electrode band is wrapped around and fixed to the upper and lower ends of the user's chest.

[0015] Furthermore, the electrode strip includes an upper electrode strip that is horizontally fixed around the armpit and a lower electrode strip that is horizontally fixed around the xiphoid process. Both the upper and lower electrode strips are composed of elastic bands and multiple electrode sheets evenly distributed on them, and the electrode sheets are evenly coated with conductive paste.

[0016] A method for detecting and assessing atelectasis includes the following steps:

[0017] S1. The data acquisition subsystem collects the user's electrical impedance data in real time and transmits it to the data processing subsystem;

[0018] S2. Based on the received impedance data, the data processing subsystem constructs a three-dimensional model of lung ventilation and two-dimensional cross-sectional images of lung ventilation in the upper and lower parts of both lungs, and constructs a three-dimensional model of lung blood flow and two-dimensional cross-sectional images of lung blood flow in the upper and lower parts of both lungs.

[0019] The volume of the left and right lung blood flow signal areas is calculated based on the three-dimensional lung blood flow model, and the percentage of the left and right lung lobes in the total lung blood flow signal area is calculated.

[0020] The volume of the ventilation signal area in the left and right lungs is calculated based on the three-dimensional lung ventilation model, and the percentage of the left and right lung lobes in the total lung ventilation signal area is calculated.

[0021] S3. Based on the calculation results of step S2, the data processing subsystem further determines whether atelectasis exists, calculates the volume of atelectasis, and determines the improvement status of atelectasis.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S2, the ventilation image signal of the two-dimensional cross-sectional image of lung ventilation is represented in blue, and the blood flow signal of the two-dimensional cross-sectional image of lung blood flow is represented in red.

[0023] Furthermore, the specific process for calculating the volume of the left and right lung blood flow signal areas and the percentage of the left and right lung lobes in the total lung blood flow signal area in step S2 is as follows:

[0024] The three-dimensional pulmonary blood flow model based on electrical impedance is I Q The region of pixels with a value greater than 20% of the maximum pixel value is defined as the pulmonary blood perfusion region Ω. Q ;

[0025] Ω Q The left lung region was divided into equal parts. and the right lung region The volume of the left lung blood flow signal region is as follows:

[0026]

[0027] in, For the region The total number of pixels contained within, where V0 is the volume of each pixel;

[0028] The specific volume of the right lung blood flow signal region is as follows:

[0029]

[0030] in, For the region The total number of pixels contained within;

[0031] The specific percentage of the volume of the left lung blood flow signal area is as follows:

[0032] Q L % = Q L / (Q L +Q R )

[0033] The specific percentage of the volume of the right lung blood flow signal area is as follows:

[0034] Q R % = Q R / (Q L +Q R ).

[0035] Furthermore, the specific process for calculating the volume of the ventilation signal area in the left and right lungs and the percentage of the left and right lung lobes in the total ventilation signal area in step S2 is as follows:

[0036] The electrical impedance three-dimensional lung ventilation model is I V The region of pixels with a value greater than 20% of the maximum pixel value is defined as the lung ventilation region Ω. V ;

[0037] Ω V The left lung region was divided into equal parts. and the right lung region The volume of the ventilation signal region in the left lung is specifically:

[0038]

[0039] in, For the region The total number of pixels contained within;

[0040] The specific volume of the ventilation signal region in the right lung is as follows:

[0041]

[0042] in, For the region The total number of pixels contained within;

[0043] The specific percentage of the left lung ventilation signal area is as follows:

[0044] V L % = V L / (V L +V R )

[0045] The specific percentage of the right lung ventilation signal area is as follows:

[0046] V R % = V R / (V L +V R ).

[0047] Furthermore, the specific process for determining whether atelectasis exists in step S3 is as follows: if a certain lung region simultaneously shows a lack of ventilation signal and the presence of blood flow signal, and the volume of the blood flow signal region on the side where the region is located is reduced compared to the contralateral lung, then atelectasis is determined to exist. The region where the lung ventilation signal is missing and the blood flow signal is present is the atelectasis region.

[0048] Furthermore, the specific process for calculating the atelectasis volume in step S3 is as follows:

[0049] The left atelectasis region is defined as:

[0050]

[0051] The right lung atelectasis area is:

[0052]

[0053] The atelectasis areas of the entire lung are:

[0054] Ω ROA ={pixel i|i in Q And i is not in n V middle}

[0055] The specific volume of the atelectasis region in the left lung is:

[0056]

[0057] The specific volume of the atelectasis area in the right lung is as follows:

[0058]

[0059] The specific volume of the atelectasis area in the entire lung is as follows:

[0060] V ROA =N(Ω) ROA )×V0.

[0061] Furthermore, the specific process for determining the improvement status of atelectasis in step S3 is as follows:

[0062] Obtain the calculated value of atelectasis volume V at each follow-up time point of the examinee. ROA t (t = 1, 2, 3...);

[0063] The ratio is calculated by comparing adjacent follow-up time points or any two follow-up time points:

[0064] V ROA t2 / V ROA t1(t1 <t2)

[0065] If the ratio is <1, it indicates improvement in atelectasis; if the ratio is =1, it indicates no change in atelectasis; if the ratio is >1, it indicates worsening of atelectasis.

[0066] Compared with existing technologies, this invention, by setting up a data acquisition subsystem for collecting electrical impedance data and a data processing subsystem for processing the electrical impedance data in real time, and by including a lung ventilation model construction unit, a lung blood flow model construction unit, a unit for calculating the volume and percentage of blood flow regions in both lungs, a unit for calculating the volume and percentage of ventilation regions in both lungs, a unit for calculating the volume of atelectasis regions, and a unit for atelectasis discrimination in the data processing subsystem, can easily complete the atelectasis detection and assessment process. It has low dependence on the operator's technical level, which is conducive to timely and accurate detection of atelectasis and efficacy assessment. It has the advantages of being non-invasive and radiation-free, and is convenient for repeated operations at multiple time points. In addition, this invention can realize functional imaging and assessment of lung ventilation and blood flow, which is beneficial for subsequent assessment of the impact of atelectasis on respiratory physiology.

[0067] This invention generates a three-dimensional model of bilateral lung ventilation and a two-dimensional cross-sectional image of the upper and lower lung ventilation in real time based on electrical impedance data. It also generates a three-dimensional model of bilateral lung blood flow and a two-dimensional cross-sectional image of the upper and lower lung blood flow in real time. Based on this, it calculates the volume of the area where blood flow signals exist in the left and right lungs and the percentage of the left and right lung lobes in the total area where blood flow signals exist, as well as the volume of the area where ventilation signals exist in the left and right lungs and the percentage of the left and right lung lobes in the total area where ventilation signals exist. Then, it performs atelectasis discrimination, atelectasis area volume calculation, and improvement status discrimination, which can effectively ensure the accuracy and reliability of atelectasis detection and evaluation. Attached Figure Description

[0068] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application effect of the example.

[0070] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application process of an example.

[0072] Figure 5a This is a schematic diagram of three-dimensional images of lung ventilation in the embodiment;

[0073] Figure 5b This is a schematic diagram of three-dimensional images of pulmonary blood flow in the embodiment;

[0074] Explanation of markings in the diagram: A, Data acquisition subsystem; B, Data processing subsystem; B01, Lung ventilation model construction unit; B02, Lung blood flow model construction unit; B03, Calculation unit for volume and percentage of blood flow regions in both lungs; B04, Calculation unit for volume and percentage of ventilation regions in both lungs; B05, Calculation unit for volume of atelectasis region; B06, Atelectasis discrimination unit.

[0075] 1. Electrode strip, 2. Connector, 3. All-in-one machine, 4. Power cord, 5. Storage basket. Detailed Implementation

[0076] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0077] Example

[0078] like Figure 1 As shown, an atelectasis detection and assessment system includes a data acquisition subsystem A for real-time acquisition of patient electrical impedance data and a data processing subsystem B for real-time processing of the electrical impedance data. The data processing subsystem B includes a lung ventilation model construction unit B01, a lung blood flow model construction unit B02, a bilateral lung blood flow region volume and percentage calculation unit B03, a bilateral lung ventilation region volume and percentage calculation unit B04, an atelectasis region volume calculation unit B05, and an atelectasis discrimination unit B06.

[0079] Specifically, the lung ventilation model building unit B01 is used to generate a three-dimensional model of two-lung ventilation and two-dimensional cross-sectional images of the upper and lower lung ventilation in real time based on electrical impedance data.

[0080] The lung blood flow model construction unit B02 is used to generate a three-dimensional model of blood flow in both lungs and two-dimensional cross-sectional images of blood flow in the upper and lower parts of both lungs in real time based on electrical impedance data.

[0081] The unit B03 for calculating the volume and percentage of blood flow regions in both lungs is used to calculate the volume of the blood flow signal regions in the left and right lungs based on the three-dimensional model of blood flow in both lungs, and to calculate the percentage of the left and right lung lobes in the total blood flow signal regions.

[0082] The B04 unit for calculating the volume and percentage of the ventilation area of ​​the two lungs is used to calculate the volume of the ventilation signal area of ​​the left and right lungs based on the three-dimensional model of the two lungs ventilation, and to calculate the percentage of the left and right lung lobes in the total ventilation signal area.

[0083] Unit B05 is used to calculate the volume of the atelectasis region in the left and right lungs, as well as the volume of the atelectasis region in the entire lung.

[0084] The atelectasis determination unit B06 is used to determine whether atelectasis exists and the degree of improvement of atelectasis based on the calculation results of the bilateral lung blood flow area volume and percentage calculation unit, the bilateral lung ventilation area volume and percentage calculation unit, and the atelectasis area volume calculation unit.

[0085] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the data acquisition subsystem A includes an electrode strip 1, which is connected to the data processing subsystem B via a wire and a connector 2. The electrode strip 1 is used to collect the user's impedance data and transmit it to the data processing subsystem B via the wire and connector 2.

[0086] The data processing subsystem B is equipped with an all-in-one machine 3, which includes a central controller, a data storage device, an integrated chip, a heat sink, signal input lines, and signal output lines. It also has a touch screen display. The all-in-one machine 3 is cooled by the heat sink. The central controller is connected to the data storage device and the integrated chip. The integrated chip is connected to the signal input lines and signal output lines. The signal input lines are connected to the electrode strip 1 via wires and connectors 2. The signal output lines are connected to the touch screen display, which is used to display the operation interface to the user and display the three-dimensional ventilation model, the two-dimensional ventilation cross-sectional image, the three-dimensional pulmonary blood flow model, the two-dimensional blood flow cross-sectional image, the volume and percentage data of the bilateral pulmonary blood flow area, the volume and percentage data of the bilateral pulmonary ventilation area, and the atelectasis area and volume data.

[0087] In this embodiment, the integrated machine 3 is also equipped with operation buttons, including a master power button, a character input box, a view display selection button, a save button, and an export button. Furthermore, the electrode band 1 consists of an elastic band and 16 evenly distributed electrode pads. The electrode band 1 includes upper and lower electrode bands; the upper electrode band is horizontally fixed around the armpit, and the lower electrode band is horizontally fixed around the xiphoid process. A thin layer of conductive paste is evenly applied to the electrode pads to ensure good contact with the subject's skin. The electrode band 1 is connected to the integrated machine 3 via wires and connectors 2. Once fixed in place, the integrated machine 3 can collect impedance data through the electrode band 1 and perform data storage and processing.

[0088] During operation, plug the power cord 4 of the all-in-one machine 3 into the socket, turn on the main switch, and the all-in-one machine 3 will power on, displaying the operation interface on the touch screen. Input the subject's basic information such as hospital number, age, and gender through the touch screen. Measure the subject's chest circumference, select two electrode strips 1 of appropriate size, apply conductive paste evenly to the electrode pads, and then fix the two electrode strips 1 around the patient's armpit and xiphoid process levels respectively, ensuring good contact between each electrode pad and the patient's skin to obtain stable and reliable impedance data. Specifically, the upper electrode strip is fixed around the patient's armpit, and the lower electrode strip is fixed around the patient's xiphoid process level. The signal data collected by the electrode strips 1 is transmitted to the all-in-one machine 3 via wires and connectors 2.

[0089] Selecting the view mode on the touchscreen display of the all-in-one device 3 will display real-time ventilation and blood flow images of the upper and lower cross sections of both lungs, constructed from the impedance data acquired by electrode strip 1. Selecting the 3D view mode will display simulated 3D images of lung ventilation and blood flow. For example, the lung ventilation image is represented by a blue signal, and the lung blood flow image by a red signal. Simultaneously, the calculated volume and percentage values ​​of the areas where lung ventilation and blood flow signals are present will also be displayed.

[0090] Applying the above system to practice, the process of atelectasis detection and assessment is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0091] S1. The data acquisition subsystem collects the user's electrical impedance data in real time and transmits it to the data processing subsystem;

[0092] S2. Based on the received impedance data, the data processing subsystem constructs a three-dimensional model of lung ventilation and two-dimensional cross-sectional images of lung ventilation in the upper and lower parts of both lungs, and constructs a three-dimensional model of lung blood flow and two-dimensional cross-sectional images of lung blood flow in the upper and lower parts of both lungs.

[0093] The volume of the left and right lung blood flow signal areas is calculated based on the three-dimensional lung blood flow model, and the percentage of the left and right lung lobes in the total lung blood flow signal area is calculated.

[0094] The volume of the ventilation signal area in the left and right lungs is calculated based on the three-dimensional lung ventilation model, and the percentage of the left and right lung lobes in the total lung ventilation signal area is calculated.

[0095] S3. Based on the calculation results of step S2, the data processing subsystem further determines whether atelectasis exists, calculates the volume of atelectasis, and determines the improvement status of atelectasis.

[0096] This embodiment applies the above technical solution, firstly establishing a data acquisition subsystem (for acquiring the patient's electrical impedance data), a data processing subsystem (for processing the electrical impedance data in real time), and a display subsystem (for displaying lung ventilation, blood flow images, and required calculated data values ​​in real time).

[0097] like Figure 4 As shown, the main contents include:

[0098] The data acquisition subsystem transmits the real-time acquired impedance data to the data processing subsystem, which includes:

[0099] I. Lung Ventilation Model v The building unit is used to generate a three-dimensional model of lung ventilation and two-dimensional cross-sectional images of upper and lower lung ventilation based on electrical impedance data in real time. The ventilation image signal is represented in blue.

[0100] II. Pulmonary Blood Flow Model I Q The building unit is used to generate a three-dimensional model of pulmonary blood flow and two-dimensional cross-sectional images of pulmonary blood flow in the upper and lower parts of both lungs in real time based on electrical impedance data. The blood flow image signal is represented in red.

[0101] III. Calculation Unit for Volume and Percentage of Lung Blood Flow Regions: Based on a three-dimensional lung blood flow model constructed from electrical impedance data, this unit calculates the volume of the regions where blood flow signals exist in the left and right lungs, and calculates the percentage of the total lung blood flow signal region occupied by the left and right lobes. Assume the three-dimensional lung blood flow model based on electrical impedance data is I. Q The region of pixels with a value greater than 20% of the maximum pixel value is defined as the pulmonary blood perfusion region Ω. Q Furthermore, Ω Q The left lung region was divided into equal parts. and the right lung region The volume of the left lung blood flow signal region can be calculated as follows:

[0102]

[0103] in, For the region The total number of pixels contained within, V0 being the volume of each pixel. Similarly, the volume of the right lung blood flow signal region can be calculated as...

[0104]

[0105] in For the region The total number of pixels contained within.

[0106] The volume percentage of the left lung blood flow signal region can be calculated as follows:

[0107] Q L % = Q L / (Q L +Q R )

[0108] Similarly, the volume percentage of the right lung blood flow signal region can be calculated as follows:

[0109] Q R % = Q R / (Q L +Q R )

[0110] IV. Calculation Unit for Volume and Percentage of Two-Lung Ventilation Area: Based on a three-dimensional lung ventilation model constructed from electrical impedance data, this unit calculates the volume of the ventilation signal area in the left and right lungs and the percentage of the total lung ventilation signal area occupied by the left and right lobes. Assume the three-dimensional lung ventilation model based on electrical impedance data is I. V The region of pixels with a value greater than 20% of the maximum pixel value is defined as the lung ventilation region Ω. V Furthermore, Ω V The left lung region was divided into equal parts. and the right lung region The volume of the ventilation signal region in the left lung can be calculated as follows:

[0111]

[0112] in, For the region The total number of pixels contained within. Similarly, the volume of the right lung ventilation signal region can be calculated as...

[0113]

[0114] in For the region The total number of pixels contained within.

[0115] The volume percentage of the left lung ventilation signal area can be calculated as follows:

[0116] V L % = V L / (V L +V R )

[0117] Similarly, the volume percentage of the right lung ventilation signal region can be calculated as follows:

[0118] V R % = V R / (V L +V R )

[0119] V. Unit for Calculating Atelectasis Volume. The left atelectasis region is defined as...

[0120]

[0121] The right lung atelectasis area is

[0122]

[0123] The atelectasis region of the whole lung is

[0124] Ω ROA ={pixel i|i is in Ω Q and i is not in Ω V}

[0125] Correspondingly, the volume of the left atelectasis region is

[0126]

[0127] The volume of the right atelectasis region is

[0128]

[0129] The volume of the atelectasis region of the whole lung is

[0130] V ROA =N(Ω ROA )×V0

[0131] VI. Atelectasis discrimination unit:

[0132] If a region of the lung simultaneously shows the absence of ventilation signal and the presence of blood flow signal, and the volume of the blood flow signal region on the side where this region is located is reduced compared to the contralateral lung, then it is discriminated that there is atelectasis. The region with the absence of ventilation signal and the presence of blood flow signal is the atelectasis region.

[0133] After calculating the volume of the atelectasis region, the atelectasis discrimination unit can also obtain the calculated values V ROA t (t = 1, 2, 3...) of the atelectasis volume at each follow-up time point, and the adjacent follow-up time points or any two follow-up time points can be compared for V ROA t2 / V ROA t1 (t1 < t2). If the ratio < 1, then it is discriminated that the atelectasis has improved; if the ratio = 1, then it is discriminated that the atelectasis has not changed; if the ratio > 1, then it is discriminated that the atelectasis has worsened.

[0134] Finally, the display subsystem displays the following content:

[0135] Lung ventilation signal model, which real-time displays the three-dimensional ventilation stereo model I V (as Figure 5a shown), the two-dimensional cross-sectional lung ventilation images of the upper and lower parts of both lungs detected by two electrode bands;

[0136] Lung blood flow signal model, which real-time displays the three-dimensional blood flow stereo model I Q (as Figure 5b shown), the two-dimensional cross-sectional lung blood flow images of the upper and lower parts of both lungs detected by two electrode bands;

[0137] Calculated volume and percentage of the left lung ventilation signal area (V) L V L %) and the calculated volume and percentage of the right lung ventilation signal area (V R V R %);

[0138] Calculated volume and percentage of the left lung blood flow signal region (Q) L Q L %) and the calculated volume and percentage of the right lung blood flow signal area (Q) R Q R %);

[0139] Atelectasis area and volume (V) ROA ).

[0140] In summary, this technical solution is easy to operate, enables real-time bedside examination, has low dependence on the operator's skill level, and is conducive to timely and accurate detection of atelectasis and efficacy evaluation. It has the advantages of being non-invasive and radiation-free, and is easy to repeat at multiple time points. It can realize functional imaging and evaluation of pulmonary ventilation and blood flow to understand the degree of impact of atelectasis on respiratory physiology.

Claims

1. A lung atelectasis detection and assessment system, characterized in that, The system includes a data acquisition subsystem (A) for real-time acquisition of patient electrical impedance data and a data processing subsystem (B) for real-time processing of the electrical impedance data. The data processing subsystem (B) includes a lung ventilation model construction unit (B01), a lung blood flow model construction unit (B02), a bilateral lung blood flow region volume and percentage calculation unit (B03), a bilateral lung ventilation region volume and percentage calculation unit (B04), a lung atelectasis region volume calculation unit (B05), and a lung atelectasis discrimination unit (B06). The lung ventilation model construction unit (B01) is used to generate a three-dimensional bilateral lung ventilation model and a two-dimensional cross-sectional image of the upper and lower lung ventilation in real time based on the electrical impedance data. The lung blood flow model construction unit (B02) is used to generate a three-dimensional model of blood flow in both lungs and a two-dimensional cross-sectional image of blood flow in the upper and lower parts of both lungs in real time based on electrical impedance data. The bilateral pulmonary blood flow region volume and percentage calculation unit (B03) is used to calculate the volume of the left and right lung blood flow signal areas based on the bilateral pulmonary blood flow three-dimensional model, and to calculate the percentage of the left and right lung lobes in the total pulmonary blood flow signal area. The dual-lung ventilation area volume and percentage calculation unit (B04) is used to calculate the volume of the left and right lung ventilation signal areas based on the dual-lung ventilation three-dimensional model, and to calculate the percentage of the left and right lung lobes in the total lung ventilation signal area. The atelectasis region volume calculation unit (B05) is used to calculate the atelectasis region volume of the left and right lungs and the atelectasis region volume of the whole lung; The atelectasis discrimination unit (B06) is used to determine whether atelectasis exists and the improvement status of atelectasis based on the calculation results of the bilateral lung blood flow area volume and percentage calculation unit (B03), the bilateral lung ventilation area volume and percentage calculation unit (B04), and the atelectasis area volume calculation unit (B05). The specific process for calculating the volume of the left and right lung blood flow signal areas and the percentage of the left and right lung lobes in the total lung blood flow signal area is as follows: The three-dimensional pulmonary blood flow model of electrical impedance is The region of pixels with a value greater than 20% of the maximum pixel value is defined as the pulmonary blood perfusion region. ; Will The left lung region is divided into equal parts. and the right lung region The volume of the left lung blood flow signal region is as follows: in, For the region The total number of pixels contained within. The volume of each pixel; The specific volume of the right lung blood flow signal region is as follows: in, For the region The total number of pixels contained within; The specific percentage of the volume of the left lung blood flow signal area is as follows: The specific percentage of the volume of the blood flow signal area in the right lung is as follows: The specific process for calculating the volume of the left and right lung ventilation signal areas and the percentage of the left and right lung lobes in the total lung ventilation signal area is as follows: Electrical impedance three-dimensional lung ventilation model is The lung ventilation area is defined as the pixel region where the pixel value is greater than 20% of the maximum pixel value. ; Will The left lung region is divided into equal parts. and the right lung region The volume of the ventilation signal region in the left lung is specifically: in, For the region The total number of pixels contained within; The specific volume of the ventilation signal region in the right lung is as follows: in, For the region The total number of pixels contained within; The specific percentage of the left lung ventilation signal area is as follows: The specific percentage of the right lung ventilation signal area is as follows: The specific process for determining whether atelectasis exists is as follows: if a certain lung region simultaneously shows a lack of ventilation signal and a presence of blood flow signal, and the volume of the blood flow signal region on the side where the region is located is smaller than that on the opposite side of the lung, then atelectasis is determined to exist. The region where the lung ventilation signal is missing but the blood flow signal is present is the atelectasis region. The specific process for calculating the lung atelectasis volume is as follows: The left atelectasis region is defined as: The right lung atelectasis area is: The atelectasis areas of the entire lung are: The specific volume of the atelectasis region in the left lung is: The specific volume of the atelectasis area in the right lung is as follows: The specific volume of the atelectasis area in the entire lung is as follows: The specific process for determining the improvement status of atelectasis is as follows: Obtain the calculated values ​​of atelectasis volume at each follow-up time point of the examinee. V ROA t ( t = 1, 2, 3…); The ratio is calculated by comparing adjacent follow-up time points or any two follow-up time points: V ROA t2 / V ROA t1 (t1) <t2) If the ratio is <1, it indicates improvement in atelectasis; if the ratio is =1, it indicates no change in atelectasis; if the ratio is >1, it indicates worsening of atelectasis.

2. The atelectasis detection and evaluation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition subsystem (A) includes an electrode strip (1), which is connected to the data processing subsystem (B) via wires and connectors (2). The electrode strip (1) is used to collect the user's impedance data and transmit it to the data processing subsystem (B) via wires and connectors (2).

3. The atelectasis detection and evaluation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The data processing subsystem (B) is equipped with an all-in-one machine (3), which includes a central controller, a data storage device, an integrated chip, a heat sink, a signal input line and a signal output line. The central controller is connected to the data storage device and the integrated chip respectively. The integrated chip is connected to the signal input line and the signal output line respectively. The signal input line is connected to the electrode strip (1) through a wire and a connector (2). The all-in-one machine (3) is equipped with a touch screen display for displaying the operation interface to the user, displaying the three-dimensional ventilation model, the two-dimensional ventilation cross-sectional image, the three-dimensional lung blood flow model, the two-dimensional blood flow cross-sectional image, the volume and percentage data of the blood flow area of ​​both lungs, the volume and percentage data of the ventilation area of ​​both lungs, and the data of the atelectasis area and volume.

4. The atelectasis detection and evaluation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electrode strip (1) is fixed around the upper and lower ends of the user's chest; The electrode strip (1) includes an upper electrode strip that is horizontally fixed around the armpit and a lower electrode strip that is horizontally fixed around the xiphoid process. Both the upper and lower electrode strips are composed of elastic bands and multiple electrode sheets evenly distributed on them. The electrode sheets are evenly coated with conductive paste.

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