Passive gas mixer with hollow screw

Abstract

This invention relates to a gas mixer (100) for supplying a first gas and a second gas, and for mixing the two supplied gases into a mixed gas. A screw-type component (2) is arranged inside an outer component (5). A helical mixing cavity (20) is formed between the outer component and the screw-type component (2). A further mixing cavity (6) is located inside the outer component (5) or inside the screw-type component (2). One gas is guided into the helical mixing cavity (20) through a first supply pipe (31), and another gas is guided into the further mixing cavity (6) through a second supply pipe (32). A mixed gas output pipe (40) outputs the mixed gas generated in the helical mixing cavity (20).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a gas mixer for supplying a first gas and a second gas, wherein the gas mixer mixes the two supplied gases into a mixed gas. Furthermore, this invention relates to a system for supplying a mixed gas to a patient, wherein the system comprises such a mixed gas. Background Technology

[0002] The task of mixing two gases arises, for example, in situations where a patient needs to be anesthetized and therefore given artificial respiration. A ventilator or other medical instrument delivers a mixture of a carrier gas (a first gas, including breathing gases and / or oxygen) and at least an anesthetic (a second gas) to the patient. This task also arises in situations where the patient's spontaneous breathing ability needs to be supported through artificial respiration and a mixture of two gases (e.g., breathing air and oxygen) needs to be delivered to the patient. In both applications, a gas mixer performs the task of mixing the two gases with each other.

[0003] In many cases, it is desirable for gas mixers to achieve gas mixtures with high mixing quality. High mixing quality means that the concentration of at least one gas in the mixture changes relatively little at any given moment. Of course, the concentration can still change over time even with high mixing quality. Furthermore, a gas mixer with a particularly simple construction is desired.

[0004] WO 2018 / 117040 A1 describes an apparatus 100 capable of mixing a gas and a liquid in a container 101. The liquid is introduced into the container 101 through inlet 103, and the gas through inlet 102. A mixer (rotating portion 110) having a columnar body 110a and a plurality of axially extending plates (baffles 110b) mixes the gas and liquid in the space between the inner wall of the container 101 and the outer wall of the mixer 110. The mixture is discharged from outlet 104. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention is based on the following objective: to provide a gas mixer that can achieve a relatively high mixing quality and can be constructed relatively simply.

[0006] This task is accomplished using a gas mixer according to the invention.

[0007] The gas mixer according to the invention is capable of mixing a first gas and a second gas into a mixed gas. Optionally, the gas mixer is capable of mixing at least three gases with each other into a mixed gas. The gas mixer is configured such that the first gas, the second gas, and optionally a third gas are supplied to the gas mixer through their respective delivery conduits, and the resulting mixed gas is output through a mixed gas output conduit. Preferably, "gas" is understood to be a substance that is gaseous at least between 0 degrees Celsius and 30 degrees Celsius, and particularly preferably between 0 degrees Celsius and 40 degrees Celsius. Of course, at least one of the gases (e.g., breathing air) can, in itself, consist of multiple components.

[0008] The gas mixer according to the invention includes an outer component and a screw-type component. The screw-type component is located inside the outer component. Therefore, the outer component completely or at least partially surrounds the screw-type component. The outer periphery of the screw-type component, i.e., the outer periphery of the screw thread, fluid-tightly abuts against the inner wall of the outer component. "Fluid-tight" means a seal other than a gap between the two components that is generally unavoidable, especially due to manufacturing tolerances and temperature fluctuations, and which substantially does not impair the function of the gas mixer. The "outer periphery" of the screw-type component is the region with the greatest distance from the central axis of the screw-type component.

[0009] A helical hybrid cavity is formed between the outer component and the screw-type component. Its profile is determined on the one hand by the inner wall of the outer component and thus by the inner profile; and on the other hand by the outer wall of the screw-type component and thus by the outer profile.

[0010] Inside the gas mixer, i.e., in the space surrounded by the outer wall of the external member, at least one additional mixing cavity is constructed. According to a first variant of the invention, the additional mixing cavity is located inside the screw-type member. According to a second variant, the additional mixing cavity is located inside the external member, and thus surrounds the screw-type member. A combination of these two variants is possible, where the first additional mixing cavity is arranged inside the screw-type member, and the second additional mixing cavity is arranged inside the external member.

[0011] There is a corresponding distance between the additional mixing cavities or between each additional mixing cavity and the spiral mixing cavity. In the case of two additional mixing cavities, there is preferably a distance between the two additional mixing cavities as well.

[0012] At least one radial channel connects an additional mixing cavity to a helical mixing cavity. Depending on the location of the additional mixing cavity, this radial channel passes through the helical member or through the outer member. Preferably, multiple parallel radial channels connect the additional mixing cavities to the helical mixing cavity. In the case of multiple additional mixing cavities, at least one radial channel connects each additional mixing cavity to the helical mixing cavity respectively; preferably, multiple radial channels connect each mixing cavity to the helical mixing cavity respectively.

[0013] Not only the spiral mixing cavity, but also other mixing cavities, or each additional mixing cavity, are fluidly connected to a corresponding delivery pipe. The mixing cavity (the spiral mixing cavity or the additional mixing cavity) is fluidly connected to the delivery pipe for the first gas; the other mixing cavities are fluidly connected to the delivery pipe for the second gas. In the case where the gas mixer has two additional mixing cavities, the first additional mixing cavity is fluidly connected to the delivery pipe for the second air, and the second additional mixing cavity is fluidly connected to the same or another delivery pipe for the second air, or to a delivery pipe for a third air, wherein the third gas is different from both the first and second gases. Each gas can flow into the mixing cavity through its corresponding delivery pipe and through the fluid connection.

[0014] The mixed gas output pipe is fluidly connected to a spiral mixing cavity or another mixing cavity, preferably to a spiral mixing cavity. The generated mixed gas flows out of the gas mixer through this mixed gas output pipe.

[0015] The two gases can be delivered to the gas mixer, in particular, in at least one of the following ways:

[0016] - Overpressure is applied to the pipeline for delivering the first gas and / or the pipeline for delivering the second gas, which compresses either the first gas or the second gas into the gas mixer, preferably compressing both gases into the gas mixer.

[0017] - By drawing the generated mixed gas out of the gas mixer through a low pressure (negative pressure) in the mixed gas output pipe, the first gas and / or the second gas are drawn into the gas mixer, preferably both gases are drawn into the gas mixer.

[0018] The two configurations eliminate the need for the gas mixer itself to include a delivery unit. The two configurations can be combined with each other. However, it is also possible to connect the gas mixer according to the invention to a delivery unit or to provide a delivery unit for the gas mixer according to the invention.

[0019] A gas is fed into a helical mixing cavity, where it is forced onto a helical trajectory. The external components and the screw-type components prevent the gas from leaving this helical trajectory in a manner different from that through the radial channels.

[0020] Another gas, or each of the other gases, is fed into an additional mixing cavity, or at least one such additional mixing cavity. According to the invention, each additional mixing cavity is constructed inside a component of the gas mixer, i.e., inside the screw-type component or inside the outer component. This component surrounding the additional mixing cavity prevents other gases from leaving the additional mixing cavity in a manner different from that through the radial channel. The outer component and the screw-type component are impermeable to the gas, optionally except for normally unavoidable gaps.

[0021] One gas is in a helical mixing cavity, and other gases are in separate mixing cavities. If the gas in the helical mixing cavity is at a higher pressure than the gas in the other mixing cavities, then the gas in the helical mixing cavity is transported from the helical mixing cavity to the other or at least one other mixing cavity via a radial channel, and there mixes with the other gases. If the gas in the other mixing cavity is at a higher pressure than the gas in the helical mixing cavity, then the gas in the other mixing cavity is transported from the other mixing cavity to the helical mixing cavity via a radial channel, and there mixes with the other gases.

[0022] If the mixed gas is drawn into the mixed gas output pipe, then the two gases are drawn into a mixing cavity fluidly connected to the mixed gas output pipe, and are thoroughly mixed in this mixing cavity. In this configuration, the first gas and the second gas can be at the same pressure or at different pressures. It is possible for the gases to sometimes flow through the radial channel in one direction and sometimes flow through the radial channel in another direction, for example, because one gas is at a higher pressure at one time and the other gas is at a higher pressure at another time.

[0023] In all these cases, the two gases can be mixed very well and thoroughly. The invention functions in many cases through a relatively simple mechanical construction, producing a mixed gas with sufficiently high mixing quality. "Mixing quality" is understood as the magnitude of spatial variation in the concentration of the first or second gas in the produced mixed gas. Ideally, the concentration of the first or second gas is the same everywhere, i.e., there is no spatial variation. Of course, the concentration of the gas in the mixed gas can vary over time. The gas mixer according to the invention can also mix at least three gases very well and thoroughly in many cases.

[0024] The gas mixer according to the invention is implemented as a passive mechanical component, that is, as a static gas mixer. In particular, the invention enables a gas mixer to be implemented such that it does not include movable components or components through which current flows. Preferably, no motor or other driving device is required. Therefore, the gas mixer according to the invention does not need to be connected to a power supply network or power supply unit, and electrical insulation is unnecessary. Monitoring whether the movable components can actually move as required is unnecessary.

[0025] In many cases, the gas mixer according to the invention has a smaller size and / or lighter weight than other gas mixers. In particular, the screw-type component allows for a good compromise between the requirements of minimizing space requirements and maximizing mixing space (and thus high mixing quality).

[0026] The gas mixer according to the invention can be implemented mechanically and simply. All components of the gas mixer (except for optional sealing devices) can be mechanically rigid, i.e., neither elastically nor plastically deformable. This construction improves stability or reduces wear on the gas mixer compared to the construction of larger, more elastic components.

[0027] Preferably, the outer component and the screw-type component extend along the same longitudinal axis. This longitudinal axis is preferably the common central axis of the two components. Preferably, the outer component has a cylindrical or truncated cone shape. It is also possible for the outer component to have a rod shape with N edges, where N>=3, and preferably, the edges are rounded to reduce the risk of generating eddies in the mixing cavity.

[0028] According to the present invention, a mixed gas output conduit discharges the generated mixed gas. In one configuration, this mixed gas output conduit is fluidly connected to an internal output cavity of the gas mixer. This internal output cavity is disposed within a component on the output side of the gas mixer. The external component fluid-tightly surrounds this output-side component and is capable of being connected to the output-side component in a surface manner. A helical mixing cavity and / or at least one additional mixing cavity are fluidly connected to the internal output cavity through at least one radial channel, preferably through multiple radial channels.

[0029] This configuration simplifies the process in many cases by fluid-sealing the gas mixture output pipe to the gas mixer, ensuring that the generated gas mixture flows only into the output pipe. The output-side components function as adapters between the external components of the gas mixer and the screw-type component (one side) and the gas mixture output pipe (the other side). Not only the external components, but also the screw-type component and the helical mixing cavity can each have a larger diameter than the gas mixture output pipe by means of this adapter. The output-side components can be rigid or flexible.

[0030] In one modification of the structure with an output side, the gas mixer includes a concentration sensor. This concentration sensor is capable of measuring the concentration of gases in the generated gas mixture, particularly a first or second gas, and optionally the corresponding concentrations of multiple gases. The concentration sensor is fluidly connected to an internal output cavity via at least one radial channel. This fluid connection diverts a sample of the generated gas mixture and guides it to the concentration sensor, and preferably back. In an alternative implementation, the concentration sensor is fluidly connected to the mixing cavity.

[0031] This configuration with a concentration sensor simplifies the process of measuring the actual concentration of a gas in the generated gas mixture and comparing it to a preset rated concentration. In cases of significant deviation, the gas supply to the gas mixer, particularly its volumetric flow rate, can be increased or decreased. The concentration sensor enables the regulation of the mixing of two gases, where a desired concentration or a time-varying curve of the gas in the mixture is preset. In one application, the concentration sensor can measure the concentration of an anesthetic in the gas mixture.

[0032] In another modification of this configuration, the gas mixer includes a volumetric flow sensor. This volumetric flow sensor is fluidly connected to an internal output cavity via at least one radial channel. The volumetric flow sensor measures the volume of gas flowing through the internal output cavity per unit time. It is also possible to connect a temperature sensor to the internal output cavity and measure the temperature of the mixed gas passing through the internal output cavity. The volumetric flow sensor allows for adjustment of the volumetric flow rate of the mixed gas, wherein a preset curve showing the required volumetric flow rate over time is provided. The temperature sensor allows for adjustment of the temperature of the mixed gas. In an alternative implementation, the volumetric flow sensor or temperature sensor is fluidly connected to the mixing cavity.

[0033] This modification scheme with sensors can be combined with each other, so that at least two sensors measure two characteristics of the mixed gas in the internal output cavity.

[0034] In one configuration, an additional mixing cavity is constructed inside the screw-type member. Therefore, the screw-type member surrounds this additional mixing cavity. Each radial channel between the additional mixing cavity and the helical mixing cavity passes through the screw-type member. The outer member surrounds these radial channels and protects them to some extent from external contamination and other mechanical damage. Preferably, the additional mixing cavity has a rod or truncated cone shape with a circular, elliptical, or n-sided cross-section, where n>=3. It is also possible for the additional mixing cavity to have an annular slit shape, i.e., a cross-section with a torus shape. The configuration with an additional mixing cavity inside the screw-type member allows for a very thin and therefore very space-efficient construction of the outer member.

[0035] In another configuration, an additional mixing cavity is constructed inside the outer component. Each radial channel between the additional mixing cavity and the spiral mixing cavity passes through the outer component. This configuration simplifies the establishment of a fluid connection between the delivery conduit and the additional mixing cavity in many cases. The additional mixing cavity inside the outer component preferably has a tube shape with an elliptical, especially circular, or n-sided cross-section (n>=3), however, it can also have a channel or annular slit shape.

[0036] This allows for the combination of these two constructions. The gas mixer according to this combination includes two additional mixing cavities: a first additional mixing cavity in the screw-type component and a second additional mixing cavity in the outer component. Each additional mixing cavity has at least one radial channel passing through either the screw-type component or the outer component, and connects this additional mixing cavity to the helical mixing cavity.

[0037] In one configuration, the gas mixer extends along a longitudinal axis, which preferably serves as the central axis of the gas mixer. A spiral mixing cavity has a dimension along this longitudinal axis. Each additional mixing cavity also has a dimension along this longitudinal axis. The external component also has a dimension along this longitudinal axis. Preferably, the external component is larger than the respective dimension of each mixing cavity. In other words, the external component extends beyond each mixing cavity along at least one direction parallel to the longitudinal axis. This provides a location for at least one adapter, each adapter fluidly sealingly connecting a corresponding delivery or output conduit to a mixing cavity. The external component also surrounds the adapter or each adapter.

[0038] In one configuration, an input cavity is constructed within an outer component. This input cavity is formed by the inner wall of the outer component, the outer wall of the screw-type component, and the outer wall of the input-side component. The input cavity is fluidly connected to a mixing cavity on one side and to an input conduit on the other side. The input cavity acts as an adapter between the input conduit and the mixing cavity on one side, and on the other side, in many cases, it acts as a buffer for a first or second gas.

[0039] Furthermore, the present invention relates to an assembly having a gas mixer according to the invention and three gas conduits (i.e., a first delivery conduit for a first gas, a second delivery conduit for a second gas, and a mixed gas output conduit). The first gas flows into the gas mixer via the first delivery conduit, and the second gas flows into the gas mixer via the second delivery conduit. The first delivery conduit is fluidly connected to a mixing cavity, i.e., to a spiral mixing cavity or another mixing cavity, such that the first gas flows into this mixing cavity; the second delivery conduit is fluidly connected to another mixing cavity, such that the second gas flows into this other mixing cavity. The mixing cavity of the gas mixer is fluidly connected to the mixed gas output conduit. The resulting mixed gas is output in the mixed gas output conduit.

[0040] In one application, the gas mixer according to the invention, or the component according to the invention, is used to supply a mixed gas to a ventilator or other medical instrument, wherein the gas mixer generates such a mixed gas. The medical instrument is fluidly connected to the mixed gas output conduit and to a patient-side coupling unit (e.g., a breathing mask or tube). The patient-side coupling unit is connected to or made to the patient. It is also possible for the patient-side coupling unit to function as a medical instrument itself.

[0041] A medical device configured as a ventilator performs a series of forced breaths, in which a portion of the generated gas mixture is delivered to the patient during each forced breath. The patient receiving artificial respiration is connected to a patient-side coupling unit. The patient-side coupling unit delivers the gas mixture generated by the gas mixer to the patient.

[0042] According to this medical application, at least one gas delivered to the gas mixer is breathing air, oxygen, nitrous oxide (N2O), helium, nitric oxide, or an anesthetic. In one modification of this configuration, the processing instrument is an anesthesia device that sedates or anesthetizes the patient, at least temporarily. According to this modification, the first gas is a carrier gas, which includes oxygen, and the second gas is an anesthetic or at least includes an anesthetic (or vice versa). According to this application, the patient is sedated or anesthetized by means of a gas mixture generated by the gas mixer. Preferably, the medical instrument configured as an anesthesia device maintains a closed respiratory cycle, including the patient, thereby reducing the risk of anesthetic leakage into the surrounding environment.

[0043] It is also possible to use the generated gas mixture to provide artificial support for the patient's breathing, that is, to support the patient's spontaneous breathing ability without anesthetizing the patient.

[0044] According to the invention, the gas mixer comprises an outer component and a screw-type component. In one configuration, these two components are manufactured separately, for example by injection molding or other casting processes or by machining, and then assembled. In another configuration, the entire gas mixer is manufactured as a single component, for example by casting, or it is also possible to produce the gas mixer or at least one component of the gas mixer by a 3D printer. Preferably, the 3D printer produces not only the outer component, but also the screw-type component and optional other components of the gas mixer. These components are assembled into a gas mixer according to the invention. Alternatively, the 3D printer produces the entire gas mixer according to the invention, preferably in a single process.

[0045] As just described, the present invention relates to a gas mixer and components having such a gas mixer. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a system comprising the components having the gas mixer according to the invention, as described above, and a medical instrument, particularly a ventilator. The medical instrument is configured to supply a mixed gas to a patient, particularly for artificial respiration, and optionally to sedate or anesthetize the patient, for example, by performing inhaled sedation.

[0046] A medical device delivers a mixed gas to a patient-side coupling unit connected to the patient, the mixed gas being generated by a gas mixer according to the invention. A mixed gas output conduit establishes at least a temporary fluid connection between the gas mixer and the medical device. In one configuration, a supply system provides gas, from which the gas mixer generates a mixed gas, preferably a gas under a corresponding overpressure. These gases flow through a delivery conduit to the mixing chamber of the gas mixer. In another configuration, the medical device inhales the mixed gas. In a further configuration (which does not require a ventilator), the patient-side coupling unit itself acts as the medical device. The patient inhales the mixed gas using their own respiratory muscle tissue. Attached Figure Description

[0047] The present invention will now be described with reference to embodiments. Here:

[0048] Figure 1 The illustration shows a patient receiving artificial respiration with the aid of a ventilator.

[0049] Figure 2 The system for anesthetizing a patient while using a ventilator is illustrated schematically.

[0050] Figure 3 A gas mixer according to a first embodiment of the invention is shown in cross-section, wherein the longitudinal axis of the gas mixer is in the drawing plane; and it is shown from the front, wherein the longitudinal axis is vertically erected in the drawing plane.

[0051] Figure 4 The gas mixer of the first embodiment is shown in two side views (from two opposing viewing directions), wherein the longitudinal axis lies in the drawing plane;

[0052] Figure 5 Shown in stereoscopic view Figure 3 and Figure 4 Gas mixer;

[0053] Figure 6 Show Figures 3 to 5 The gas mixer, two delivery pipes, and one output pipe are shown, with the longitudinal axis of the gas mixer and the pipes lying in the drawing plane.

[0054] Figure 7 The cross-section exemplarily illustrates how the two gases mix in the helical cavity between the screw and the housing if gas 2 is at a higher pressure than gas 1;

[0055] Figure 8 The cross-section is shown exemplarily to illustrate how the two gases mix in a separate mixing cavity in the screw if gas 1 is at a higher pressure than gas 2.

[0056] Figure 9 A second embodiment of the gas mixer is shown in the side view;

[0057] Figure 10 A third embodiment is shown in the side view, which combines the first and second embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0058] In an embodiment, the invention is used in a gas mixer 100 according to the invention, wherein the gas mixer 100 produces a mixed gas, which is delivered to a ventilator. The ventilator provides artificial breathing for the patient. In one configuration, the ventilator is a system for anesthetizing the patient.

[0059] Figure 1 The diagram schematically illustrates how a ventilator 50 provides artificial breathing for a patient P. During each forced breath, the ventilator 50 delivers a portion of a mixed gas G to a coupling unit 43, schematically shown on the patient side, which is connected to the patient P, for example, to a breathing mask on the face or to a tube within the patient P's body. Figure 1 In the example shown, the mixed gas G is produced by breathing air (acting as the first air G1) and oxygen (O2, acting as the second gas G2).

[0060] Supply connector 61.1 in wall W provides breathing air under overpressure; supply connector 61.2 provides oxygen (O2) under overpressure. It is also possible to supply a first gas G1 and / or a second gas G2 from a pressurized air cylinder. A first delivery conduit 31 directs breathing air G1 from supply connector 61.1 to the gas mixer 100 according to the invention; a second delivery conduit 32 directs oxygen G2 from supply connector 61.2 to the gas mixer 100. A proportional valve or on / off valve 25.1 in the first delivery conduit 31 changes the volumetric flow rate of the breathing air; a proportional valve or on / off valve 25.2 in the second delivery conduit 32 changes the volumetric flow rate of the oxygen. Preferably, a controller (not shown) for processing signals is capable of automatically operating the two valves 25.1, 25.2 to achieve the desired volumetric flow rates, respectively. The gas mixer 100 produces a mixed gas G consisting of breathing air and oxygen. This mixed gas G flows through a mixed gas output conduit 40 to the ventilator 50 and continues to flow to the patient-side coupling unit 43.

[0061] also, Figure 1 A system 200 for providing artificially supported breathing to a patient P is shown, wherein the system 200 is fluidly connected to a coupling unit 43 on the patient side. The system 200 includes a ventilator 50; a component 110 including a gas mixer 100 and proportional valves 25.1 and 25.2; and a plurality of tubing 31, 32, 40.

[0062] Figure 2 An application is shown in which not only is artificial respiration performed on the patient P, but anesthesia is also administered. The same reference numerals have the same... Figure 1 The same meaning applies here. A carrier gas is mixed with a gas, wherein the carrier gas is air, O2, and / or N2O; and the mixed gas is an anesthetic or contains at least one anesthetic. The anesthetic is particularly isoflurane, sevoflurane, halothan, or desflurane. In addition to the anesthetic, the mixed gas may also contain other components, particularly oxygen or breathing air. This mixture of the carrier gas and the gas containing the anesthetic is used according to… Figure 2 It is used in applications to anesthetize patients.

[0063] In this application, carrier gas G1 acts as the first gas; gas G2 containing the anesthetic acts as the second gas. Hereinafter, G2 is simply referred to as the "anesthetic." The mixture of carrier gas G1 and anesthetic G2 produced by gas mixer 100 acts as the generated mixed gas G.

[0064] Figure 2 System 210 is schematically shown, a system constructed for anesthetizing patient P. The same reference numerals have the same meaning as in... Figure 1 The same meaning applies here. The ventilator 50 receives a mixed gas G from the gas mixer 100, which contains oxygen and at least one anesthetic. The ventilator 50 performs a series of forced breaths, and in each forced breath, the mixed gas G (consisting of a carrier gas G1 containing oxygen and an infused gas G2 containing the anesthetic) is delivered through the gas mixing tubing assembly 62 to the patient-side coupling unit 43. A closed breathing cycle is established between the patient-side coupling unit 43 and the ventilator 50, and the gas mixing tubing assembly 62 includes a lumen for inhalation and a lumen for exhalation. In this application, the ventilator 50 maintains the breathing cycle using a pump, blower, or piston. Exhaled breathing air flows back to the ventilator 50, and the ventilator 50 processes this breathing air. Because a cycle is established, no anesthetic escapes into the surrounding environment.

[0065] The mixed gas output conduit 40 directs the mixed gas G from the air mixer 100 according to the invention to the anesthesia breathing circuit in the ventilator 50. In one configuration, the ventilator 50 draws in the mixed air G through the mixed gas output conduit 40.

[0066] Carrier gas G1 is supplied to air mixer 100 via carrier gas delivery conduit 31. Mixer 70 for the carrier gas generates carrier gas G1 composed of multiple components (in this example, oxygen, breathing air, and N2O) and introduces it into carrier gas delivery conduit 31. It is possible to use valve 25.1 (not shown) to change the volumetric flow rate through carrier gas delivery conduit 31. Preferably, the carrier gas G1 in carrier gas delivery conduit 31 is under overpressure relative to ambient pressure. Supply connector 61 in wall W supplies carrier gas components to carrier gas mixer 70: breathing air, O2, and N2O. Of course, the carrier gas can also be composed of other and / or other components. It is also possible to use breathing air as the carrier gas, and carrier gas mixer 70 is not necessary.

[0067] Anesthetic agent G2 in gaseous form is supplied to gas mixer 100 via anesthetic agent delivery conduit 32. Preferably, the gaseous anesthetic agent G2 in anesthetic agent delivery conduit 32 is under overpressure relative to ambient pressure. It is possible to change the volumetric flow rate of anesthetic agent G2 through anesthetic agent delivery conduit 32 via valve 25.2.

[0068] In one configuration, the anesthetic delivery conduit 32 delivers pure anesthetic to the gas mixer 100. Figure 2 In another configuration, schematically shown, the anesthetic delivery conduit 32 delivers a mixture (consisting of an anesthetic and pure oxygen) to the gas mixer 100. A bypass conduit 34 bypasses the carrier gas mixer 70 and delivers oxygen directly from the supply connector 61 to the anesthetic delivery conduit 32.

[0069] According to Figure 2 In this configuration, the anesthetic meter 55 utilizes a heating device 56 to generate a gaseous anesthetic G2 from a liquid anesthetic G2 (which is supplied to the anesthetic meter 55 via a delivery pipe 41). Alternatively, the anesthetic meter 55 can generate the gaseous anesthetic G2 through evaporation or vaporization. It is also possible for a bypass pipe 34 to guide oxygen to the anesthetic meter 55, and for the anesthetic meter 55 to input the gaseous anesthetic into the oxygen supply.

[0070] In addition, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The diagram schematically shows component 110, which in the illustrated example consists of a gas mixer 100, two delivery pipes 31 and 32, and a mixed gas output pipe 40.

[0071] What is possible is that the gas mixer 100 or all of the components 110 are arranged inside the ventilator 50. For clarity, in Figure 1 and Figure 2 Component 110 is shown outside the ventilator 50. Component 110 is part of system 200 or 210.

[0072] The gas mixer 100 in this embodiment is a passive mechanical component, meaning that the gas mixer 100 does not include any movable components during normal operation, nor does it include any components through which an electric current flows. Except for the sealing device, the gas mixer 100 is constructed of rigid components.

[0073] According to Figure 1 In this embodiment, a preset nominal concentration of oxygen in the mixed gas G is established. The concentration sensor 15, schematically shown, measures the actual concentration of oxygen G2 in the mixed gas G produced by the gas mixer 100. According to... Figure 2In this embodiment, a preset nominal concentration of anesthetic G2 in the gas mixture G is provided. The concentration sensor 15, schematically shown, measures the actual concentration of anesthetic G2 in the gas mixture G.

[0074] The concentration sensor 15 is arranged downstream of the gas mixer 100 and will be further described below. To reduce the deviation between the nominal concentration of the components of the mixed gas G and the measured actual concentration, the volumetric flow rate of gases G1 and / or G2 leading to the gas mixer 100 can be changed. In one configuration, a controller (not shown) operates at least one of valves 25.1 or 25.2, or a valve in the piping of the anesthesia system 210, to change the volumetric flow rate of the gas leading to the gas mixer 100, and thus change the composition or volumetric flow rate of the mixed gas G. Preferably, the controller performs regulation using the nominal concentration and / or nominal volumetric flow rate as control values. The purpose of the regulation is to make the actual concentration equal to the nominal concentration, or to make the actual volumetric flow rate equal to the nominal volumetric flow rate.

[0075] Liquid anesthetic G2 flows from anesthetic canister 51 into delivery conduit 41 leading to anesthetic meter 55. The gas formed above the liquid anesthetic G2 in anesthetic canister 51 is under overpressure relative to ambient pressure. Supply connector 60 in wall W introduces pressurized air or other overpressured gas into supply conduit 42, thereby applying overpressure to anesthetic canister 51 relative to ambient pressure.

[0076] In order to fill the anesthetic tank 51 with liquid anesthetic G2, a bottle 54 containing liquid anesthetic G2 is fluid-tightly placed on a closing device 53, the closing device 53 is opened, and the liquid anesthetic G2 flows from the bottle 54 downwards through the delivery pipe 52 into the anesthetic tank 51.

[0077] Figures 3 to 6 A first embodiment of the gas mixer 100 is shown from different viewing directions. The following description relates to... Figure 2 In this application, a gas mixture G comprising an anesthetic agent and a carrier gas is delivered to patient P, thereby anesthetizing patient P. The gas mixer 100 described below can also be used in a corresponding manner to deliver a gas mixture to a ventilator 50, wherein the ventilator 50 uses this gas mixture to artificially breathe patient P without anesthetizing him, i.e., for use according to… Figure 1 The patient P breathes in a manner supported by artificial means. The gas mixer 100 can also be used to provide a mixed gas G, which the patient P inhales using his own respiratory muscle tissue, i.e., without artificial breathing support.

[0078] The gas mixer 100 has an approximately cylindrical shape and extends along a longitudinal axis L, which is located at... Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 In the drawing plane, and Figure 5 Arranged at an angle on the drawing plane. For example, in Figure 6 As can be seen in this embodiment, carrier gas G1 is supplied to gas mixer 100 via carrier gas delivery conduit 31, which is arranged laterally relative to the longitudinal axis L; anesthetic G2 is supplied to gas mixer 100 via anesthetic delivery conduit 32, which is arranged centrally. The longitudinal axis of carrier gas delivery conduit 31 is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L of gas mixer 100. The longitudinal axes of anesthetic delivery conduit 32 and mixed gas output conduit 40 coincide with the longitudinal axis L. Mixed gas G exits gas mixer 100 via mixed gas output conduit 40, which is arranged centrally. A gas sample from the generated mixed gas G is supplied from mixed gas output conduit 40 to concentration sensor 15 and then reintroduced into mixed gas output conduit 40. Preferably, this process is continuous.

[0079] The gas mixer 100 extends along the longitudinal axis L and includes the following components, which, when viewed along the longitudinal axis L and along the flow direction from the anesthetic delivery conduit 32 to the mixed gas output conduit 40, i.e., in... Figure 3 and Figure 4 and Figure 6 Arranged from left to right in the middle:

[0080] - A hollow input column 1, which serves as a component on the input side;

[0081] - A hollow screw 2, which acts as a screw-type component;

[0082] - Journal 3 and

[0083] - Hollow output cylinder 4.

[0084] The journal 3 and the output column 4 together serve as components on the output side.

[0085] Each component 1, 2, 3, 4 and each conduit 31, 32, 40 is made of a corresponding material that is resistant to each of the anesthetics and / or other gases considered in the gas mixture. The material, or at least one material, is, for example, a rigid plastic, particularly polyetheretherketone (PEEK) or other polyaryletherketones (PEAK).

[0086] A tubular outer component surrounds the four components 1 to 4 in the form of a housing 5. Preferably, the outer component 5 has a circular or elliptical cross-section. The housing 5 is also made of a material that is resistant to every anesthetic / other gas considered, as well as to cleaning agents used in the medical field. The inner wall of the housing 5 fluid-tightly abuts against the screw 2 and fluid-tightly against the output column 4. The outer diameter of the input column 1 and the outer diameter of the journal 3 are smaller than the inner diameter of the housing 5. Therefore, an annular input cavity 21 is formed in the housing 5, which surrounds the input column 1 and preferably has a rectangular cross-section in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L.

[0087] A spiral mixing cavity 20 is formed between the groove surrounding the screw 2 and the inner wall of the housing 5. This spiral mixing cavity 20 extends along a longitudinal axis arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the gas mixer 100, also surrounds the journal 3, and is confined by the output column 4. No cavity is formed between the housing 5 and the output column 4 because the housing 5 is fluid-tightly attached to the output column 4.

[0088] A secondary mixing cavity 6, arranged centrally, has a rod shape, is guided through the entire input column 1 and through a portion of the screw 2, extends along a longitudinal axis equal to or parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the gas mixer 100, and terminates at end E. Preferably, the rod-shaped mixing cavity 6 has a circular or elliptical cylindrical or truncated cone shape; however, it can also have a cross-section with n sides (n>=3). A distance d exists between the end E and the journal 3. Preferably, the rod-shaped mixing cavity 6 occupies a region of the screw 2, the length of which is between 40% and 90% of the total length of the screw 2 along the longitudinal axis L, particularly preferably between 60% and 70%. The anesthetic delivery conduit 32 fluid-sealed and axially converges into this mixing cavity 6.

[0089] The output cavity 8 passes through the journal 3 and the entire output column 4, and the output cavity preferably has a rod shape. This output cavity 8 fluid-tightly converges into the mixed gas output pipe 40. The screw 2 blocks the direct path from the mixing cavity 6 to the output cavity 8.

[0090] The two columns 1 and 4, the journal 3, and the two cavities 6 and 8 are positioned rotationally symmetrically relative to the longitudinal axis L of the gas mixer 100. The screw 2 is arranged around this longitudinal axis L. Preferably, the central axis of the screw 2 coincides with the longitudinal axis L.

[0091] An annular slit 7 is introduced into the outer wall of the output column 4. Connected to this slit 7 is a conduit 33, which leads to the concentration sensor 15. Furthermore, a surrounding groove for a sealing ring 9 is introduced into the outer wall of the output column 4.

[0092] Multiple radial channels 10 in the screw 2 connect the rod-shaped mixing cavity 6 to the helical mixing cavity 20. Viewed along the flow direction, the last radial channel 10 is adjacent to the end E of the mixing cavity 6, ensuring no dead zones exist in the rod-shaped mixing cavity 6. Multiple radial channels 12 in the journal 3 connect the rod-shaped mixing cavity 6 to the output cavity 8. Channels 12 have a larger cross-section than channels 10, and preferably, each channel 12 occupies the total length of the journal 3 along the longitudinal axis L with its cross-section, ensuring no dead zones exist in the output column 4. The two cavities 6 and 8 are fluidly connected to each other through channels 10 and 12 and the helical mixing cavity 20.

[0093] Multiple radial channels 11 in the output column 4 connect the output cavity 8 to the annular slit 7. Herein, the concentration sensor 15 is fluidly connected to the output cavity 8, through which the mixed gas G flows.

[0094] Preferably, the longitudinal axis L of the gas mixer 100 and the radial channels 10, 11, 12 are at angles of 80° and 100° respectively, and more preferably, they are at right angles respectively.

[0095] In this embodiment, not only the carrier gas G1 but also the anesthetic G2 is under overpressure relative to the ambient pressure and thereby flows toward the gas mixer 100.

[0096] Carrier gas G1 flows into input cavity 21 via a laterally arranged carrier gas delivery conduit 31, and from there into spiral mixing cavity 20. Screw 2 and housing 5 force carrier gas G1 through spiral mixing cavity 20 in a spiral path, which terminates at the end wall of output column 4. Anesthetic G2 flows into rod-shaped mixing cavity 6 via a centrally arranged delivery conduit 32.

[0097] Figure 7 and Figure 8 This example demonstrates how two gases, G1 and G2, mix with each other inside a gas mixer 100. The longitudinal axis L is perpendicular to... Figure 7 and Figure 8 The drawing layout.

[0098] exist Figure 7 In the example, the anesthetic G2 is at a higher pressure than the carrier gas G1. Therefore, the anesthetic G2 flows from the rod-shaped mixing cavity 6 through the radial channel 10 into the spiral mixing cavity 20. In the spiral mixing cavity 20, the two gases G1 and G2 mix with each other, forming a mixed gas G. Because the output column 4 confines the cavity 20, the mixed gas G is forced through the channel 12 into the output cavity 8. The mixed gas G flows from the output column 8 into the mixed gas output pipe 40.

[0099] On the contrary, in Figure 8 In the example, carrier gas G1 is at a higher pressure than anesthetic G2. Therefore, carrier gas G1 flows from the spiral mixing cavity 20 through the radial channel 10 into the rod-shaped mixing cavity 6. In the rod-shaped mixing cavity 6, the two gases G1 and G2 mix with each other, forming a mixed gas G. The pressure in the rod-shaped mixing cavity 6 increases, and the mixed gas G exits the mixing cavity 6 through the radial channel 10 and flows back into the spiral mixing cavity 20. Other paths for the mixed gas G are described in the reference. Figure 7 The same applies to what is being described.

[0100] A small portion of the mixed gas G flows through the radial channel 11 into the annular slit 7, and from there through the pipe 33 to the concentration sensor 15. This sensor 15 measures the actual concentration of the anesthetic G2 in the mixed gas G. Preferably, the mixed gas G, as a gas sample, is diverted through the channel 11 and directed to the concentration sensor 15 before being supplied to the remainder of the mixed gas G.

[0101] Preferably, the angle between each channel 10, 11, 12 and the longitudinal axis L of the gas mixer 100 is between 80° and 100°. Therefore, gases G1, G2, G, as they flow through the gas mixer 100, are deflected at a maximum angle of 100°. Particularly preferably, each channel 10, 11, 12 is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L, and gases G1, G2, G are deflected at a maximum angle of right.

[0102] In this embodiment, the positioning of channels 10 and 12 ensures that dead zones do not occur in mixing cavities 6 and 20, nor in input cavity 6, nor in output cavity 8. Such dead zones in cavities are undesirable because gas can accumulate in the dead zone and will not move at all or only more slowly than the gas outside the dead zone. This can lead to relatively poor mixing quality. More specifically, during the use of gas mixer 100, the corresponding overpressures of the carrier gas G1 in carrier gas delivery conduit 31 and the anesthetic agent G2 in anesthetic agent delivery conduit 32, and the construction of gas mixer 100, keep both gases G1 and G2, as well as the mixed gas G, in constant motion within gas mixer 100. In particular, therefore, gas mixer 100 in this embodiment achieves a mixing quality of over 98% in internal testing. "Mixing quality" is understood as the quotient of the minimum and average concentrations of anesthetic agent G2 in the mixed gas G at a given time, or the quotient of the average and maximum concentrations.

[0103] Figure 9 A second embodiment of the gas mixer 100 according to the present invention is shown. The same reference numerals have the same meaning as in... Figures 3 to 8 The same meaning as in Chinese.

[0104] In contrast to the first embodiment, in the second embodiment, the additional mixing cavity 6 is arranged inside the tubular outer member 5, and not inside the screw 2. Therefore, the outer member 5 is thicker in the second embodiment than in the first embodiment. In the second embodiment, the screw 2 is constructed as a solid member, and therefore does not have a cavity inside. Even in the second embodiment, the dimension of the additional mixing cavity 6 along the longitudinal axis L is smaller than the dimension of the screw 2 or the outer member 5. Preferably, in the second embodiment, the additional mixing cavity 6 has the shape of a central tube, wherein this tube surrounds the screw 2, and the longitudinal axis of this tube coincides with the longitudinal axis L of the gas mixer 100. However, the additional mixing cavity 6 can also have the shape of a laterally biased rod or a laterally biased tube, i.e., not surrounding the screw 2. In this implementation (not shown), the longitudinal axis of the additional mixing cavity 6 is parallel to and spaced from the longitudinal axis L.

[0105] If the additional mixing cavity 6 is configured as a central tube, the input cavity 23, shaped like an annular slit, connects the carrier gas delivery conduit 31 to the additional mixing cavity 6. If the additional mixing cavity 6 is configured as a rod or a laterally biased tube, then the carrier gas delivery conduit 31 can directly converge into the additional mixing cavity 6. The input cavity 22 connects the anesthetic delivery conduit 32 to the spiral mixing cavity 20.

[0106] According to Figure 9 In the second embodiment, the carrier gas G1 is thus directed into another mixing cavity 6, and the anesthetic G2 is directed into the spiral mixing cavity 20. Similar to the first embodiment, a plurality of radial channels 10 connect the other mixing cavity 6 to the spiral mixing cavity 20.

[0107] Figure 10 A third embodiment is shown, which is a combination of the first and second embodiments. According to... Figure 10 The gas mixer 100 is capable of forming a mixed gas consisting of three transport gases, such as...

[0108] - Carrier gas, which is delivered via carrier gas delivery pipeline 31;

[0109] - An anesthetic agent, which is delivered via an anesthetic agent delivery conduit 32; and

[0110] - Pure oxygen, which is supplied via at least one additional delivery conduit 35.

[0111] It is also possible to deliver carrier gas or the same or other anesthetics through another delivery pipe 35.

[0112] The gas mixer 100 according to the third embodiment includes two additional mixing cavities: a rod-shaped mixing cavity 6.1 inside the screw 2 and a tubular mixing cavity 6.2 inside the tubular outer member 5. The tubular mixing cavity 6.2 surrounds the hollow screw 2. The two mixing cavities 6.1 and 6.2 are two additional mixing cavities. As in the first embodiment, the anesthetic delivery conduit 32 leads to the rod-shaped mixing cavity 6.1. As in the second embodiment, the carrier gas delivery conduit 31 leads to the tubular mixing cavity 6.2. The delivery conduit or each additional delivery conduit 35 converges into the spiral mixing cavity 20.

[0113] List of reference numerals

[0114] 1 The input column surrounds the tubular additional mixing cavity 6, which is further surrounded by the annular input cavity 21. 2 The screw, surrounding the input cavity 6, has a radial channel 10 and acts as a screw-type component. 3 The journal between the screw 2 and the output column 4 has a radial channel 12, which is a component belonging to the output side. 4 The output column, surrounding the output cavity 8, has a radial channel 11 and is a component belonging to the output side. 5 The tubular external component, in the form of a shell in the first embodiment, surrounds an additional mixing cavity 6 in the second embodiment, and surrounds an additional mixing cavity 6.2 in the third embodiment. It fluid-tightly surrounds the screw 2 and the output column 4, and surrounds the input column 1 and the journal 3. 6 The additional mixing cavity, either surrounded by the input column 1 and screw 2 or by the external component 5, terminates at end E. 7 The annular gap in the output cylinder 4 8 The output cavity is surrounded by the output cylinder 4. 9 A sealing ring is arranged in a surrounding groove in the outer wall of the output column 4. 10 In the radial channel of screw 2, another mixing cavity 6 or 6.2 is connected to cavity 20. 11 The radial channel in the output column 4 connects the output cavity 8 to the annular gap 7. 12 The radial channel in journal 3 connects the spiral mixing cavity 20 to the output cavity 8. 15 The sensor measures the concentration of anesthetic G2 in the gas mixture G. 20 The spiral mixing cavity between the groove surrounding the screw 2 and the housing 5 is connected to another mixing cavity 6 or 6.2 via radial channel 10 and is fluid-tightly surrounded by external component 5. 21 In the first embodiment, the annular input cavity connects the carrier gas delivery pipe 31 to the spiral mixing cavity 20. 22 In the second embodiment, the anesthetic delivery conduit 32 is connected to the spiral mixing cavity 20. 23 In the second embodiment, the annular input cavity connects the carrier gas delivery pipe 31 to another mixing cavity 6, and in the third embodiment, it connects to another mixing cavity 6.2. 25.1 The proportional valve controlled in the first delivery pipeline 31 25.2 The proportional valve controlled in the second delivery pipeline 32 31 The first delivery conduit for the first gas G1 (breathing air or carrier gas) converges into the annular input cavity 21 or 23. 32 The second delivery conduit for the second gas G2 (oxygen or anesthetic) merges into the internal mixing cavity 6. 33 The conduit from the annular slit 7 to the concentration sensor 15 34 An optional bypass line for oxygen bypasses the carrier gas mixer 70 and merges into the anesthetic delivery line 32. 35 In the third embodiment, the additional delivery pipes converge into the spiral mixing cavity 20. 40 The mixed gas output conduit guides the mixture of gas 1 and gas 2 into the ventilator 50. 41 A delivery conduit for the liquid anesthetic agent G2, leading from the anesthetic agent tank 51 to the anesthetic agent metering device 55. 42 A conduit for supplying compressed air, leading from compressed air connector 60 to anesthetic canister 51. 43 The patient-side coupling unit is connected to the ventilator 50 via the mixed gas tubing assembly 62. 50 The ventilator obtains mixed gas G through the mixed gas output tubing 40, performs forced breathing, and delivers mixed gas G to the coupling unit 43 on the patient side through the mixed gas tubing assembly 62. 51 An anesthetic canister containing liquid anesthetic G2 is connected to a gas mixer 100 via a delivery pipe 32. 52 The delivery pipeline for the gaseous anesthetic flows into the anesthetic tank 51. 53 Closing device for conveying pipe 52 54 Bottle containing liquid anesthetic 55 The anesthetic metering device evaporates or vaporizes the liquid anesthetic G2 and introduces the gaseous anesthetic into the delivery pipe 32. 56 Heating device for anesthetic meter 55 60 The supply connector for compressed air in wall W. 61 The supply connector for the components of carrier gas G1 in wall W supplies the carrier gas mixer 70. 61.1 The supply connector for breathing air under overpressure in wall W. 61.2 The oxygen supply connector in wall W for use under overpressure conditions. 62 The mixed gas tubing assembly from ventilator 50 to patient P delivers mixed gas G to patient P. 70 A mixer for the carrier gas generates carrier gas G1 and introduces the carrier gas into the carrier gas delivery pipe 31. 100 The gas mixer according to the invention comprises a carrier gas G1 from a carrier gas delivery conduit 31, an anesthetic agent G2 from an anesthetic agent delivery conduit 32, and optionally a third gas from a delivery conduit 35, guiding the mixed gas G into a mixed gas output conduit 40. 110 The component includes a gas mixer 100, delivery pipes 31 and 32, a mixed gas output pipe 40, and proportional valves 25.1 and 25.2. 200 A system for providing artificial respiration to patient P, including ventilator 50 and component 110. 210 A system for anesthetizing patient P includes a ventilator 50, an anesthetic meter 55, an anesthetic canister 51, a carrier gas mixer 70, and component 110. d The distance between end E and journal 3 E At the end of the mixing cavity 6 in screw 2 G The mixed gas, consisting of gas 1 and gas 2, is generated by gas mixer 100 and flows through mixed gas output pipe 40. G1 Gas 1: Breathing air or carrier gas G2 Gas 2: Oxygen or anesthetic L Longitudinal axis of gas mixer 100 P A patient receiving artificial respiration via ventilator 50 and optionally anesthesia is connected to the patient-side coupling unit 43. W Wall, accommodating supply connectors 60 and 61

Claims

1. A gas mixer (100) configured to mix a first gas (G1) and a second gas (G2) into a mixed gas (G). in, The gas mixer (100) includes: - External components (5) and - Screw-type component (2). The screw-type component (2) is located inside the outer component (5), and the outer periphery of the screw-type component (2) is fluid-tightly attached to the inner wall of the outer component (5). A spiral mixing cavity (20) is formed between the external component (5) and the screw-type component (2). At least one additional mixing cavity (6, 6.1, 6.2) is constructed inside the screw-type member (2) and / or inside the outer member (5). At least one radial channel connects the additional mixing cavities (6, 6.1, 6.2) to the spiral mixing cavity (20). in, - Either the spiral mixing cavity (20) is fluidly connected (21) to the delivery pipe (31) for the first gas (G1), and the other mixing cavities (6, 6.1, 6.2) are fluidly connected to the delivery pipe (32) for the second gas (G2); - Either the spiral mixing cavity (20) is fluidly connected (21) to the delivery conduit (32) for the second gas (G2), and the additional mixing cavities (6, 6.1, 6.2) are fluidly connected to the delivery conduit (31) for the first gas (G1), Furthermore, the spiral mixing cavity (20) or another mixing cavity (6, 6.1, 6.2) is fluidly connected to the mixed gas output pipe (40) so as to output the generated mixed gas (G).

2. The gas mixer (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, in, Multiple radial channels spaced apart from each other connect the additional mixing cavities (6, 6.1, 6.2) to the spiral mixing cavity (20).

3. The gas mixer (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas mixer (100) includes: - Output-side components (3, 4) and - The output cavity (8) inside the components (3, 4) on the output side. The external component (5) fluid-tightly surrounds the output-side components (3, 4). In this configuration, at least one radial channel connects the spiral mixing cavity (20) or the other mixing cavities (6, 6.1, 6.2) to the internal output cavity (8). Furthermore, the internal output cavity (8) is fluidly connected to the mixed gas output pipe (40).

4. The gas mixer (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that, Multiple radial channels spaced apart from each other connect the spiral mixing cavity (20) or other mixing cavities (6, 6.1, 6.2) to the internal output cavity (8).

5. The gas mixer (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that, A gas sampling cavity (7) is formed between the external component (5) and the output-side components (3, 4). In this configuration, at least one radial channel connects the internal output cavity (8) to the gas sampling cavity (7). Furthermore, the gas sampling cavity (7) is fluidly connected (33) to a sensor (15) for testing the generated mixed gas (G).

6. The gas mixer (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that, in, Multiple radial channels spaced apart from each other connect the internal output cavity (8) to the gas sampling cavity (7).

7. The gas mixer (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sensor includes a concentration sensor (15) configured to measure the concentration of at least one gas (G2) in a mixed gas (G) within an internal output cavity (8). And / or the sensor includes a volumetric flow sensor configured to measure the volume of the mixed gas (G) flowing through the internal output cavity (8) per unit time. And / or the sensor includes a temperature sensor configured to measure the magnitude of the temperature of the mixed gas (G) in the internal output cavity (8).

8. The gas mixer (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, Other mixing cavities (6, 6.1) - Constructed inside the screw-type component (2).

9. The gas mixer (100) according to claim 8, characterized in that, The other mixing cavities (6, 6.1) have a rod shape.

10. The gas mixer (100) according to claim 9, characterized in that, The other mixing cavities (6, 6.1) have the shape of a cylinder or a truncated cone or an annular slit.

11. The gas mixer (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, Other mixing cavities (6, 6.2) - Constructed inside the outer component (5).

12. The gas mixer (100) according to claim 11, characterized in that, The other mixing cavities (6, 6.2) have the shape of tubes, channels or annular slits.

13. The gas mixer (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas mixer (100) includes a first additional mixing cavity (6.1) and a second additional mixing cavity (6.2). The first additional mixing cavity (6.1) is constructed inside the screw-type component (2). Furthermore, a second additional mixing cavity (6.2) is constructed inside the outer member (5).

14. The gas mixer (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas mixer (100) extends along the longitudinal axis (L), Along the longitudinal axis (L) of the gas mixer (100), the size of the spiral mixing cavity (20) and / or the size of each additional mixing cavity (6, 6.1, 6.2) is smaller than the size of the external component (5).

15. The gas mixer (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas mixer (100) includes a component (1) on the input side. An input cavity (21, 23) is formed between the inner wall of the external component (5), the input-side component (1), and the screw-type component (2). And among them, the input cavities (21, 23) - Fluidly connected to the spiral mixing cavity (20) and / or an additional mixing cavity (6.2), and - It is fluidly connected to the delivery pipe (31) for the first gas (G1) or to the delivery pipe (32) for the second gas (G2).

16. Component (110) includes - Gas mixer (100) according to any one of the preceding claims. - A first delivery pipe (31) for delivering the first gas (G1) to the gas mixer (100). - A second delivery pipe (32) for conveying the second gas (G2) to the gas mixer (100) and - A mixed gas output pipe (40) for outputting the mixed gas (G) from the gas mixer (100). in, The first delivery pipe (31) is fluidly connected (21) to the mixing cavity of the gas mixer (100). The second delivery pipe (32) is fluidly connected to another mixing cavity of the gas mixer (100). Furthermore, the mixed gas output pipe (40) is fluidly connected (8) to the spiral mixing cavity (20) or another mixing cavity (6, 6.1) of the gas mixer (100).

17. A method for supplying a mixed gas (G) to a ventilator using a gas mixer (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 15 or a component (110) according to claim 16. in, The breathing mechanism is designed to provide artificial respiration for the patient (P).

18. A machine-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, the computer program being executable on a computer and causing the computer to manipulate a 3D printer such that the manipulated 3D printer produces a gas mixer (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 15 or produces a component (110) according to claim 16.

19. A 3D printer configured to produce a gas mixer (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 15 or to produce an assembly (110) according to claim 16.

20. Systems (200, 210) used to perform artificial respiration on the patient (P). in, The systems (200, 210) include: - Medical instruments (50), and - Component (110) according to claim 16. The medical instrument (50) is configured with a coupling unit (43) for delivering a mixed gas (G) to the patient side connected to the patient (P). The mixed gas output pipe (40) is at least temporarily fluidly connected to the medical instrument (50). The component (110) is configured to, - The first gas (G1) is delivered to the gas mixer (100) through a delivery pipe (31), and - The second gas (G2) is delivered to the gas mixer (100) through another delivery pipe (32). The gas mixer (100) is configured to mix the first gas (G1) and the second gas (G2) being transported into a mixed gas (G). Furthermore, the delivery unit of the component (110) or the medical instrument (50) is configured to deliver the mixed gas (G) generated by the gas mixer (100) through the mixed gas output pipe (40) to the medical instrument (50).

21. The system (210) according to claim 20, characterized in that, The medical device in question is a ventilator.

22. The system (210) according to claim 20, characterized in that, The first gas (G1) is a carrier gas and the second gas (G2) contains at least an anesthetic. The medical instrument (50) is configured to deliver a mixed gas (G) to a patient (P), the mixed gas being generated by the component (110) and comprising at least an anesthetic, thereby anesthetizing the patient (P).

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