Tunnel pneumatic shock absorbing lining structure

Abstract

The application relates to the field of lining structures, and discloses a tunnel air damping lining structure, which comprises a first pipe section, a second pipe section coaxially sleeved in the first pipe section and a plurality of anchor rods, the first pipe section comprises a plurality of first pipe pieces which are sequentially spliced, the second pipe section comprises a plurality of second pipe pieces which are sequentially spliced, a plurality of damping layers which are sequentially overlapped and a plurality of air bags are arranged between the first pipe section and the second pipe section, the air bags are communicated with an air pump, first mounting holes through which the anchor rods pass are arranged on the first pipe pieces, and second mounting holes through which the anchor rods pass are arranged on the second pipe pieces; a plurality of pressure sensors are arranged on the outer wall of the first pipe section, and the pressure sensors are electrically connected with a processor and a pressure display. In the scheme, the elastic air bags and the sequentially overlapped damping layers can provide elasticity for the first pipe pieces and the second pipe pieces, so that the first pipe pieces and the second pipe pieces keep adhering to the tunnel, the effect of resisting earthquakes is achieved, and the tunnel can be conveniently supported.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lining structure technology, and more particularly to tunnel air-filled vibration-damping lining structures. Background Technology

[0002] Lining refers to a permanent support structure constructed along the perimeter of a tunnel using materials such as reinforced concrete to prevent deformation or collapse of the surrounding rock. Conventional cast-in-place linings include brick and stone lining, rubble concrete lining, reinforced concrete lining, and monolithically cast concrete lining. Reinforced concrete is the most commonly used. When the surrounding rock pressure is high and the geological conditions are poor, it is more advantageous to leave the steel arch frame used for support as a skeleton within the concrete lining.

[0003] Therefore, existing precast linings are designed with support in mind to provide strong support for tunnels. This type of precast lining can be well applied in areas with relatively stable geological structures. However, when constructing tunnel lining structures in earthquake-prone areas, damage to underground structures such as tunnels can directly affect the stability of nearby underground buildings. Furthermore, underground tunnels present challenges in terms of repair difficulty and high repair costs. Therefore, when constructing tunnels in earthquake-prone areas, the tunnel structure must possess both high strength and a certain degree of shock absorption performance.

[0004] Common methods include installing damping layers, using flexible support structures, and flexible segment joints within the tunnel. These methods can only provide structural damping. However, once the damping layers, flexible support structures, and flexible segment joints reach their damping performance limits, they can no longer provide active support to weak surrounding rock areas. Consequently, they cannot make appropriate adjustments to adapt to changes in the geological environment, potentially leading to significant seismic risks in certain parts of the tunnel. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a tunnel air-filled shock-absorbing lining structure to solve the problem that the tunnel cannot be actively adapted to changes in the geological environment, which may lead to a greater risk of seismic resistance in some parts of the tunnel.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the basic solution of the present invention is as follows: a tunnel air-filled vibration-damping lining structure, comprising a first pipe section, a second pipe section coaxially sleeved within the first pipe section, and a plurality of anchor rods. The first pipe section comprises a plurality of first pipe segments assembled sequentially, the second pipe section comprises a plurality of second pipe segments assembled sequentially, a first telescopic part for changing the diameter of the first pipe section is connected between two adjacent first pipe segments, and a second telescopic part for changing the diameter of the second pipe section is connected between two adjacent second pipe segments.

[0007] Between the first and second pipe sections, there are several overlapping shock-absorbing layers and several airbags. The airbags are connected to an air pump. The first pipe section has a first mounting hole for the anchor rod to pass through, and the second pipe section has a second mounting hole for the anchor rod to pass through. The anchor rod has an anchor bolt that abuts against the inner wall of the first pipe section.

[0008] Several pressure sensors are installed on the outer wall of the first pipe section, and the pressure sensors are electrically connected to a processor and a pressure display.

[0009] The technical principle of this invention is as follows: After the tunnel inflatable vibration damping lining structure is installed inside the tunnel, the pressure sensor can monitor the pressure in real time, which facilitates checking whether the supporting force between the first and second pipe sections on the circumference of the tunnel is uniform. When the pressure at a local point is too low, air is inflated into the airbag, causing the airbag at the local point to expand. This expands the distance between two adjacent first pipe sections through the first telescopic part, and also expands the distance between adjacent second pipe sections through the second telescopic part, thereby increasing the distance between the first and second pipe sections. This causes the first pipe sections to move closer to the inner wall of the tunnel, improving the supporting capacity of the tunnel at the local point. Conversely, the air in the airbag is extracted, reducing the distance between the first and second pipe sections and decreasing the supporting capacity of the tunnel at the local point. This ensures that the tunnel inflatable vibration damping lining structure provides uniform support to the tunnel.

[0010] When geological changes occur, the elastic airbags and the successively overlapping shock-absorbing layers provide elasticity to the first and second tunnel segments, allowing them to remain in close contact with the tunnel and thus providing earthquake resistance and facilitating tunnel support. In the event of a geological disaster, if the first or second tunnel segment is partially damaged, the anchor rods and bolts at that location can be removed, and the first and second tunnel segments at that location can be removed and replaced, making disassembly and maintenance convenient.

[0011] Furthermore, both the damping layer and the airbag are arc-shaped, with the damping layer located on the side closer to the first segment and the airbag located on the side closer to the second segment.

[0012] With the above configuration, the arc-shaped damping layer, airbag, and damping support plate are located between the first and second pipe segments, which can achieve a good damping effect.

[0013] Furthermore, a number of damping support plates are installed between the first pipe segment and the second pipe segment. The plane on which the damping support plates are located is parallel to the radial radius of the first pipe segment and the second pipe segment. One side of the damping support plate abuts against the first pipe segment, and the other side of the damping support plate abuts against the second pipe segment.

[0014] With the above configuration, the shock-absorbing support plate can work in conjunction with the airbag and the shock-absorbing layer to more easily control the spacing between the first and second pipe segments, and the shock-absorbing support plate further enhances the support capacity of the first and second pipe segments.

[0015] Furthermore, the damping support plate is wavy, and the folding direction of the damping support plate is the same as the radial direction of the first and second pipe segments.

[0016] When the spacing between the first and second segments is increased or decreased, the damping support plate can elongate or shorten under the corrugated structure, which can simultaneously support the first and second segments and improve their seismic support effect.

[0017] Furthermore, the first telescopic part includes a first arc-shaped rod and a first stop block. The first tube segment is provided with a first arc-shaped groove that can abut against the first stop block at one end near the adjacent first tube segment. One end of the first arc-shaped rod passes through the first arc-shaped groove and is fixedly connected to the first stop block. The other end of the first arc-shaped rod is fixedly connected to the end of the adjacent first tube segment. The longitudinal section length of the first arc-shaped groove is greater than the thickness of the first stop block.

[0018] With the above settings, when the distance between two adjacent first segments is increased or decreased, the first arc-shaped rod can push the first stop block to move in the first arc-shaped groove, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the distance between two adjacent first segments. At the same time, the first stop block and the first stop block can enhance the connection strength between two adjacent first segments.

[0019] Furthermore, the second telescopic part includes a second arc-shaped rod and a second stop. The second tube segment is provided with a second arc-shaped groove at one end near the adjacent second tube segment, which can abut against the second stop. One end of the second arc-shaped rod passes through the second arc-shaped groove and is fixedly connected to the second stop. The other end of the second arc-shaped rod is fixedly connected to the end of the adjacent second tube segment. The longitudinal section length of the second arc-shaped groove is greater than the thickness of the second stop.

[0020] With the above configuration, when the distance between two adjacent second tube segments is increased or decreased, the second arc-shaped rod can push the second stop block to move in the second arc-shaped groove, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the distance between two adjacent second tube segments. At the same time, the second stop block and the second stop block can enhance the connection strength between two adjacent second tube segments.

[0021] Furthermore, the processor is electrically connected to a controller that controls the inflation or deflation of individual airbags, and the controller is electrically connected to the air pump.

[0022] With the above settings, the controller, under the control of the processor, can manipulate the air pump to pump gas into or extract gas from a single airbag, thereby controlling the air pressure of a single airbag at a local point between the first and second pipe sections, and thus precisely controlling the support force between the first and second pipe sections and the tunnel at a local point.

[0023] Furthermore, a fixing ring is provided at the end of the first pipe section, and the fixing ring is fixedly connected to several first pipe segments. The side wall of the fixing ring abuts against the end of the second pipe section.

[0024] With the above settings, the fixing ring can control the coplanarity of the ends of the first pipe segment and the second pipe segment, avoid misalignment of the first pipe segment and the second pipe segment, and increase the fitting accuracy of the first pipe segment and the second pipe segment. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tunnel air-filled vibration-damping lining structure in the main view direction in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0027] In the above figures: first pipe section 10, first pipe segment 101, first arc-shaped rod 102, first stop block 103, first arc-shaped groove 104, second pipe section 20, second pipe segment 201, second arc-shaped rod 202, second stop block 203, second arc-shaped groove 204, anchor rod 301, anchor bolt 302, shock-absorbing layer 401, airbag 402, shock-absorbing support plate 403, pressure sensor 50. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] This embodiment is basically as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment of the invention proposes a tunnel air-filled vibration-damping lining structure, including a first pipe section 10, a second pipe section 20 coaxially sleeved within the first pipe section 10, and a plurality of anchor bolts 301. The first pipe section 10 includes a plurality of first pipe segments 101 assembled sequentially, and the second pipe section 20 includes a plurality of second pipe segments 201 assembled sequentially. A first telescopic part for changing the diameter of the first pipe section 10 is connected between two adjacent first pipe segments 101, and a second telescopic part for changing the diameter of the second pipe segment 20 is connected between two adjacent second pipe segments 201; as shown Figure 2As shown, the first telescopic part includes a first arc-shaped rod 102 and a first stop block 103. A first arc-shaped groove 104 is provided on one end of the first tube segment 101 near the adjacent first tube segment 101, which can abut against the first stop block 103. One end of the first arc-shaped rod 102 passes through the first arc-shaped groove 104 and is welded to the first stop block 103. The other end of the first arc-shaped rod 102 is welded to the end of the adjacent first tube segment 101. The longitudinal section length of the first arc-shaped groove 104 is greater than the thickness of the first stop block 103. Meanwhile, the second telescopic part includes a first arc-shaped rod 102 and a first stop block 103. The second arc rod 202 and the second stop 203 are provided. The second tube segment 201 is provided with a second arc groove 204 that can abut against the second stop 203 at one end near the adjacent second tube segment 201. One end of the second arc rod 202 passes through the second arc groove 204 and is welded to the second stop 203. The other end of the second arc rod 202 is welded to the end of the adjacent second tube segment 201. The longitudinal section length of the second arc groove 204 is greater than the thickness of the second stop 203. The first arc groove 104 and the second arc groove 204 are staggered.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the first segment 101 is provided with a first mounting hole for the anchor rod 301 to pass through, and the second segment 201 is provided with a second mounting hole for the anchor rod 301 to pass through. The anchor rod 301 is provided with an anchor bolt 302 that abuts against the inner wall of the first segment 101. A fixing ring is provided at the end of the first segment 10, and the fixing ring is welded to several first segments 101. The side wall of the fixing ring abuts against the end of the second segment 20.

[0031] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a number of shock-absorbing layers 401 and a number of airbags 402 are arranged in succession between the first pipe segment 10 and the second pipe segment 20. Both the shock-absorbing layer 401 and the airbag 402 are arc-shaped. The outermost layer of the shock-absorbing layer 401 is attached to the side of the first pipe segment 101 near the second pipe segment 201, and the airbag 402 is attached to the side of the second pipe segment 201 near the first pipe segment 101. The airbag 402 also has a through hole in the middle for the anchor rod 301 to pass through. The airbag 402 wraps around the side wall of the anchor rod 301 and is connected to an air pump.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, a plurality of shock-absorbing support plates 403 are provided between the first pipe section 10 and the second pipe section 20. The plane on which the shock-absorbing support plate 403 is located is parallel to the radial radius of the first pipe section 10 and the second pipe section 20. The shock-absorbing support plate 403 is wavy, and the folding direction of the shock-absorbing support plate 403 is the same as the radial direction of the first pipe section 101 and the second pipe section 201. One side of the shock-absorbing support plate 403 abuts against the first pipe section 101, and the other side of the shock-absorbing support plate 403 abuts against the second pipe section 201. A single airbag 402 and a shock-absorbing layer 401 are located between two adjacent shock-absorbing support plates 403.

[0033] In addition, such as Figure 1 As shown, several pressure sensors 50 are provided on the outer wall of the first pipe section 10. The pressure sensors 50 are electrically connected to a processor and a pressure display. The processor is electrically connected to a controller that controls the inflation or deflation of a single airbag 402. The controller is electrically connected to an air pump.

[0034] In this embodiment, the tunnel inflatable vibration damping lining structure is used by first installing the entire structure into the tunnel. Several first pipe segments 101 are sequentially assembled to form a first pipe section 10, and several second pipe segments 201 are assembled to form a second pipe section 20. A fixing ring is installed on the front end face of the first pipe section 10. Then, the second pipe section 20 is coaxially fitted onto the first pipe section 10, with the front end of the second pipe section 20 fitting against the end face of the fixing ring. At this point, the first mounting hole coincides with the second mounting hole, and the first and second telescopic parts are misaligned to ensure the first telescopic part... The strength at the contraction section and the second expansion section is relatively high; then, the anchor rod 301 is passed through the first mounting hole, the through hole of the airbag 402 and the second mounting hole in sequence and anchored to the rock of the inner wall of the tunnel. Then, the anchor bolt 302 is installed on the anchor rod 301, and the anchor bolt 302 abuts against the inner wall of the second segment 201 to fix the first segment 10 and the second segment 20. At this time, the pressure sensor 50 located on the outer wall of the first segment 10 can measure the pressure of the tunnel on the first segment 10. After the processor processes the pressure data, it is displayed on the pressure display, so that the construction personnel can know whether the pressure on the circumference of the first segment 10 is uniform.

[0035] After the entire inflatable vibration-damping lining structure of the tunnel is installed, the pressure sensor 50 automatically monitors the pressure on the circumference of the first pipe section 10. When the pressure at a local point is too low, the anchor bolt 302 at that point is tightened and moved closer to the second pipe segment 201. This causes the second arc-shaped rod 202 between two adjacent second pipe segments 201 to pull the second stop 203 towards the adjacent second pipe segment 201, increasing the distance between the two adjacent second pipe segments 201. At the same time, the airbag 402 and the overlapping damping layer 401 also push the first arc-shaped rod 102 between two adjacent first pipe segments 101 to pull the first stop 103 towards the adjacent first pipe segment 101, so that the two first pipe segments 101 and the two second pipe segments 201 compress the local part of the tunnel, keeping the local part of the tunnel stable. During this process, the vibration-damping support plate 403 can be stably compressed, providing stable support to the local part of the tunnel.

[0036] At the same time, the processor can control the air pump to inflate the airbag 402 at that location, causing the airbag 402 at that location to expand, thereby increasing the distance between the first segment 101 and the second segment 201 at that location. It can also simultaneously increase the distance between two adjacent first segments 101 and the distance between two adjacent second segments 201, thereby providing stable support for the tunnel.

[0037] When the pressure detected at pressure sensor 50 is too high, the anchor bolt 302 is rotated in the opposite direction along anchor bolt 301, and the amount of gas in airbag 402 is reduced simultaneously, so that the first pipe section 10 and the second pipe section 20 can provide uniform support for the tunnel. Through the cooperation of pressure sensor 50, processor, airbag 402 and air pump, the pressure between the first segment 101 and the second segment 201 and the tunnel can be monitored in real time. In an earthquake environment, the support of the first segment 101 and the second segment 201 for the tunnel can be adjusted rapidly to achieve the purpose of earthquake resistance and disaster avoidance. At the same time, the arc-shaped damping layer 401, airbag 402 and damping support plate 403 are located between the first segment 101 and the second segment 201, which can play a good damping role. In the event of a geological disaster, if the first segment 10 or the second segment 20 is partially damaged, the anchor rods 301 and anchor bolts 302 at the local point can be removed, and the first segment 101 and the second segment 201 at the local point can be removed and replaced with the damaged first segment 101 and the second segment 201, which makes disassembly and maintenance convenient.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel air-filled vibration-damping lining structure, comprising a first pipe section, a second pipe section coaxially sleeved within the first pipe section, and several anchor bolts, characterized in that, The first pipe segment includes several first pipe segments assembled in sequence, the second pipe segment includes several second pipe segments assembled in sequence, a first telescopic part for changing the diameter of the first pipe segment is connected between two adjacent first pipe segments, and a second telescopic part for changing the diameter of the second pipe segment is connected between two adjacent second pipe segments. Between the first and second pipe sections, there are several overlapping shock-absorbing layers and several airbags. The airbags are connected to an air pump. The first pipe section has a first mounting hole for the anchor rod to pass through, and the second pipe section has a second mounting hole for the anchor rod to pass through. The anchor rod has an anchor bolt that abuts against the inner wall of the first pipe section. Several pressure sensors are installed on the outer wall of the first pipe section. The pressure sensors are electrically connected to a processor and a pressure display. A plurality of shock-absorbing support plates are provided between the first pipe segment and the second pipe segment. The plane on which the shock-absorbing support plates are located is parallel to the radial radius of the first pipe segment and the second pipe segment. One side of the shock-absorbing support plate abuts against the first pipe segment, and the other side of the shock-absorbing support plate abuts against the second pipe segment. The first telescopic part includes a first arc-shaped rod and a first stop block. The first tube segment is provided with a first arc-shaped groove that can abut against the first stop block at one end near the adjacent first tube segment. One end of the first arc-shaped rod passes through the first arc-shaped groove and is fixedly connected to the first stop block. The other end of the first arc-shaped rod is fixedly connected to the end of the adjacent first tube segment. The longitudinal section length of the first arc-shaped groove is greater than the thickness of the first stop block. The second telescopic part includes a second arc-shaped rod and a second stop. The second tube segment is provided with a second arc-shaped groove at one end near the adjacent second tube segment, which can abut against the second stop. One end of the second arc-shaped rod passes through the second arc-shaped groove and is fixedly connected to the second stop. The other end of the second arc-shaped rod is fixedly connected to the end of the adjacent second tube segment. The longitudinal section length of the second arc-shaped groove is greater than the thickness of the second stop.

2. The tunnel air-filled vibration-damping lining structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the damping layer and the airbag are arc-shaped, with the damping layer located on the side closer to the first segment and the airbag located on the side closer to the second segment.

3. The tunnel air-filled vibration-damping lining structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The damping support plate is wavy, and the folding direction of the damping support plate is the same as the radial direction of the first and second pipe segments.

4. The tunnel air-filled vibration-damping lining structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The processor is electrically connected to a controller that controls the inflation or deflation of individual airbags, and the controller is electrically connected to an air pump.

5. The tunnel air-filled vibration-damping lining structure as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, A fixing ring is provided at the end of the first pipe section. The fixing ring is fixedly connected to several first pipe segments, and the side wall of the fixing ring abuts against the end of the second pipe section.

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