An optical beam isolator, an optical beam isolator module and an optical device

Abstract

The application provides a light beam isolator, a light beam isolator module and an optical device, and relates to the technical field of optics, and comprises an isolator body, the isolator body comprises opposite first and second surfaces, and an incident light beam is incident from the first surface and is transmitted towards the direction of the second surface; wherein the first light beam with an incident angle greater than or equal to a preset critical angle is totally reflected in the isolator body and is emitted from the first surface, and the second light beam with an incident angle less than the preset critical angle is emitted from the second surface. In this way, the first light beam is completely prevented from being emitted from the second surface, thereby realizing complete shielding of the light beam isolator relative to the second surface for the incident light beam greater than or equal to the preset critical angle; the second light beam is emitted from the second surface, thereby realizing complete transmission of the light beam isolator relative to the second surface for the incident light beam less than the preset critical angle, realizing the requirements of complete shielding and complete transmission of the light beam, obtaining the required emitted light beam, and the emitted light beam has good effects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical technology, specifically to a beam isolator, a beam isolator module, and an optical device. Background Technology

[0002] In existing laser applications, such as laser detection or lidar, when a beam is incident on an optical module, it is necessary to completely shield beams with angles greater than a critical angle and fully transmit beams with angles less than a critical angle to obtain a satisfactory output beam. The conventional approach is to use optical coatings to completely shield beams with angles greater than the critical angle and fully transmit beams with angles less than the critical angle. However, this method produces poor output light quality and struggles to fully meet the requirements of shielding and transmission. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a beam isolator, a beam isolator module, and an optical device that can completely shield incident beams with an angle greater than or equal to a preset critical angle and completely transmit incident beams with an angle less than the preset critical angle.

[0004] In one aspect of this application, a beam isolator is provided, including an isolator body. The isolator body includes a first surface and a second surface facing each other. An incident beam is incident on the first surface and transmitted toward the second surface. A first beam with an incident angle greater than or equal to a preset critical angle is totally reflected within the isolator body and exits from the first surface, while a second beam with an incident angle less than the preset critical angle is exited from the second surface.

[0005] Optionally, after the first beam is incident on the first surface, it is refracted out by the first surface after total reflection by the second surface and / or the inner wall of the isolator body.

[0006] The second beam is incident on the first surface and refracted out by the second surface; and / or, after total reflection by the inner wall of the isolator body, it is refracted out by the second surface.

[0007] Optionally, the isolator body is shaped like a frustum, with the top surface area of ​​the frustum being larger than the bottom surface area. The top surface is the first surface, the bottom surface is the second surface, and the bottom surface of the frustum is concave inward to form a first conical surface.

[0008] Optionally, a compensation structure is also provided on the light-emitting side of the second surface of the isolator body. The compensation structure is a cone, the top surface of the cone is a second conical surface, the bottom surface of the cone is a plane, the second conical surface faces the second surface of the isolator body to match the taper of the first conical surface, and there is a gap between the first conical surface and the second conical surface.

[0009] The second beam emitted from the second surface of the isolator body enters the second conical surface after passing through the gap, and exits from the bottom surface of the compensation structure.

[0010] Optionally, the preset critical angle θ and the structural parameters of the isolator body satisfy the following relationship: θ=arcsin[n*arctg(D / 2H)-n*θ1], and arcsin[n*arctg(D / 2H)-n*θ1]=arcsin{n*sin[arcsin(1 / n)-θ1-θ2]}; where θ1 is the angle between the side wall of the isolator body and the central axis of the isolator body, θ2 is the angle between the first conical surface and the horizontal plane, D is the diameter of the first surface, H is the vertical height of the isolator body, and n is the refractive index of the material used in the isolator body.

[0011] In another aspect of this application, a beam isolator module is provided, comprising: a plurality of beam isolators arranged in an array, wherein the first surfaces of the plurality of isolator bodies are located in the same plane; the plurality of isolator bodies include at least two primary bodies and at least two secondary bodies, wherein the area of ​​the first surface of the primary body is larger than the area of ​​the first surface of the secondary body;

[0012] At least two of the first-level bodies are tangent to each other on their first faces, and at least two of the second-level bodies are respectively disposed on both sides of the tangent point of the at least two first-level bodies, and the first face of the second-level body is tangent to the first face of the adjacent first-level body.

[0013] Optionally, it also includes at least a third-level body, wherein the area of ​​the first surface of the third-level body is smaller than the area of ​​the first surface of the second-level body;

[0014] There are at least two tertiary bodies, and at least two tertiary bodies are located in the gap between the primary body and the secondary body, respectively, and the first surface of the tertiary body is tangent to the first surface of the adjacent primary body and the first surface of the secondary body.

[0015] Optionally, it also includes multiple compensation structures, which include at least a first-level compensation structure, a second-level compensation structure, and a third-level compensation structure, with each level of compensation structure and each level of isolator body being configured in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0016] In another aspect of this application, an optical device is provided, including the beam isolator described above.

[0017] In another aspect of this application, an optical device is provided, including the above-described beam isolator module.

[0018] The beam isolator, beam isolator module, and optical device provided in this application include an isolator body with a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other. When an incident beam enters the isolator body, it enters through the first surface and propagates towards the second surface. Specifically, a first beam with an incident angle greater than or equal to a preset critical angle enters through the first surface of the isolator body, undergoes total internal reflection within the isolator body, and then exits through the first surface. This prevents the first beam from exiting through the second surface, thus achieving complete shielding of incident beams with an incident angle greater than or equal to the preset critical angle relative to the second surface. Conversely, a second beam with an incident angle less than the preset critical angle enters through the first surface of the isolator body and exits through the second surface, achieving complete transmission of incident beams with an incident angle less than the preset critical angle relative to the second surface. When the beam isolator is applied to laser applications, it can achieve the requirements for complete beam shielding and transmission, resulting in a satisfactory and effective output beam. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is one of the optical path diagrams for shielding the first beam provided in this embodiment;

[0021] Figure 2 This is the second optical path diagram of the beam isolator shielding the first beam provided in this embodiment;

[0022] Figure 3 This is the third optical path diagram of the beam isolator shielding the first beam provided in this embodiment;

[0023] Figure 4 This is one of the optical path diagrams for transmitting a second beam through the beam isolator provided in this embodiment;

[0024] Figure 5 This is the second optical path diagram of the beam isolator transmitting the second beam provided in this embodiment;

[0025] Figure 6 This is the third optical path diagram of the beam isolator transmitting the second beam provided in this embodiment;

[0026] Figure 7 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the beam isolator structure provided in this embodiment;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the beam isolator provided in this embodiment;

[0028] Figure 9 This is the second schematic diagram of the beam isolator structure provided in this embodiment;

[0029] Figure 10 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the beam isolator module structure provided in this embodiment;

[0030] Figure 11 This is the second schematic diagram of the beam isolator module structure provided in this embodiment;

[0031] Figure 12 This is the third schematic diagram of the beam isolator module structure provided in this embodiment;

[0032] Figure 13 This is the fourth schematic diagram of the beam isolator module structure provided in this embodiment;

[0033] Figure 14 This is the fifth schematic diagram of the beam isolator module structure provided in this embodiment;

[0034] Figure 15 This is the sixth schematic diagram of the beam isolator module structure provided in this embodiment;

[0035] Figure 16 This is the seventh schematic diagram of the beam isolator module structure provided in this embodiment;

[0036] Figure 17 This is the eighth schematic diagram of the beam isolator module structure provided in this embodiment;

[0037] Figure 18 This is the ninth schematic diagram of the beam isolator module structure provided in this embodiment.

[0038] Icons: 100 - Beam isolator; 100.1 - Primary body; 100.2 - Secondary body; 100.3 - Tertiary body; 101 - First surface; 102 - Inner wall; 103 - Second surface; 103a - First conical surface; 200 - Compensation structure; 200.1 - Primary compensation structure; 200.2 - Secondary compensation structure; 200.3 - Tertiary compensation structure; 200a - Second conical surface; S1 - First beam; S2 - Second beam; S1' - First outgoing beam; S2' - Second outgoing beam; θ - Preset critical angle; θ1, θ2 - Included angle; D - Aperture; H - Vertical height; a - Incident angle; n - Refractive index. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "inner" and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] It should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "setup" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, this application embodiment provides a beam isolator 100, including: an isolator body, the isolator body including a first surface 101 and a second surface 103 facing each other, the incident beam is incident through the first surface 101 and transmitted in a direction toward the second surface 103; wherein, Figures 1-3 The first beam S1, whose incident angle α is greater than or equal to the preset critical angle θ, is totally internally reflected within the isolator body and exits from the first surface 101. Figures 4-6 The second beam S2, whose incident angle α is less than the preset critical angle θ, is emitted from the second surface 103.

[0043] The isolator body is a three-dimensional spatial structure, specifically a rotating structure, including two opposing end faces and a rotating circumferential wall. The two end faces are the first face 101 and the second face 103, respectively. When the incident light beam enters the isolator body, it is incident through the first face 101 and transmitted towards the second face 103.

[0044] The incident beam can be divided into a first beam S1 and a second beam S2 according to the incident angle α. The incident angle α of the first beam S1 is greater than or equal to a preset critical angle θ, and the incident angle α of the second beam S2 is less than the preset critical angle θ. For example... Figures 1-3 As shown, when the first beam S1 is incident on the first surface 101, it undergoes total internal reflection within the isolator body and exits from the first surface 101 (first exit beam S1'), achieving complete shielding of incident beams with an angle greater than or equal to a preset critical angle θ; as Figures 4-6 As shown, when the second beam S2 is incident on the first surface 101, it exits through the second surface 103 (the second exit beam S2'), achieving complete transmission of incident beams smaller than a preset critical angle θ. Here, the first beam S1 corresponds to the first exit beam S1', and the second beam S2 corresponds to the second exit beam S2'.

[0045] Complete shielding and complete transmission of the incident beam are relative to the second surface 103 of the isolator body. If the first beam S1 cannot exit from the second surface 103 at all, then complete shielding is achieved; if the second beam S2 exits entirely from the second surface 103, then complete transmission is achieved.

[0046] Therefore, the beam isolator 100 provided in this application embodiment includes an isolator body with a first surface 101 and a second surface 103 disposed opposite to each other. When an incident beam enters the isolator body, it enters through the first surface 101 and is transmitted toward the second surface 103. Among them, the first beam S1, whose incident angle α is greater than or equal to a preset critical angle θ, enters through the first surface 101 of the isolator body, undergoes total internal reflection within the isolator body, and then exits through the first surface 101. In this way, the first beam S1 will not exit through the second surface 103 at all, thereby achieving complete shielding of the beam isolator 100 against the second surface 103 for incident beams whose incident angle α is greater than or equal to the preset critical angle θ. The second beam S2, whose incident angle α is less than the preset critical angle θ, enters through the first surface 101 of the isolator body and exits through the second surface 103 of the isolator body, thereby achieving complete transmission of the beam isolator 100 against the second surface 103 for incident beams whose incident angle α is less than the preset critical angle θ. When the beam isolator 100 is applied to laser application scenarios, the requirement of complete beam shielding and complete transmission can be achieved to obtain an output beam that meets the requirements and has a good output beam effect.

[0047] Furthermore, after the first beam S1 is incident on the first surface 101, it is refracted out by the first surface 101 after total reflection by the second surface 103 and / or the inner wall 102 of the isolator body; after the second beam S2 is incident on the first surface 101, it is refracted out by the second surface 103; and / or, after total reflection by the inner wall 102 of the isolator body, it is refracted out by the second surface 103.

[0048] The first beam S1 and the second beam S2 have different optical paths within the isolator body. The total internal reflection of the first beam S1, with an incident angle α greater than or equal to a preset critical angle θ, within the isolator body is achieved through the second surface 103 and the inner wall 102 of the isolator body. In other words, after the first beam S1 is incident through the first surface 101, as... Figures 1-3 As shown, the first beam S1 can reach the second surface 103 completely, undergo total internal reflection at the second surface 103, and then be directed towards the inner wall 102. After further total internal reflection at the inner wall 102, it can be directed towards the first surface 101 and exited. Figure 1 The first beam S1 is incident on the second surface 103 near the center. Figure 2 The first beam S1 is incident on the right side of the second surface 103, or, as... Figure 3 As shown, the first beam S1 reaches the inner wall 102 entirely, undergoes total internal reflection at the inner wall 102, and then travels to the second surface 103. After further total internal reflection at the second surface 103, it travels to the first surface 101 and exits. Alternatively, a portion of the first beam S1 may first undergo total internal reflection at the second surface 103, then total internal reflection at the inner wall 102, and exit from the first surface 101. The remaining portion of the first beam S1 may also undergo total internal reflection at the inner wall 102, then total internal reflection at the second surface 103, and exit from the first surface 101. Depending on the position of the first beam S1 incident on the first surface 101, the total internal reflection path of the first beam S1 within the isolator body will also differ.

[0049] For the second beam S2, if the incident angle α is less than the preset critical angle θ, the second beam S2, after being incident on the first surface 101, can be completely refracted and exited directly by the second surface 103. For example... Figure 4 The second beam S2 is incident on the left side of the second surface 103. Figure 5 The second beam S2 is incident on the right side of the second surface 103; or Figure 6 The second beam S2 is first directed towards the inner wall 102, and after total reflection at the inner wall 102, it is directed towards the second surface 103 and refracted out by the second surface 103. Alternatively, part of the second beam S2 is directed directly towards the second surface 103 and refracted out, while part of the second beam S2 is directed towards the inner wall 102, undergoes total reflection, and is then refracted out by the second surface 103.

[0050] As can be seen, the incident light beam (including the first beam S1 and the second beam S2) is refracted at the first surface 101 and enters the isolator body; after the incident light beam hits the inner wall 102 of the isolator body, it undergoes total internal reflection at the inner wall 102; the first beam S1 hits the second surface 103 and undergoes total internal reflection at the second surface 103, while the second beam S2 hits the second surface 103 and is directly refracted out by the second surface 103, thus achieving the requirement that the first beam S1 is completely shielded and the second beam S2 is transmitted out.

[0051] Specifically, the isolator body is shaped like a frustum, with the top surface area of ​​the frustum being larger than the bottom surface area. The top surface is the first surface 101, and the bottom surface is the second surface 103. The bottom surface of the frustum is concave inward to form a first conical surface 103a.

[0052] The isolator body forms a frustum of revolution structure, with the larger end (top surface) of the frustum facing upwards as the first surface 101, and the smaller end of the frustum facing downwards as the second surface 103. Furthermore, the smaller end (bottom surface) of the frustum is a conical surface, which is concave towards the first surface 101, thereby achieving total internal reflection of the first beam S1 on the second surface 103 and refraction of the second beam S2 out of the second surface 103.

[0053] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the preset critical angle θ and the structural parameters of the isolator body satisfy the following relationship: θ=arcsin[n*arctg(D / 2H)-n*θ1], and arcsin[n*arctg(D / 2H)-n*θ1]=arcsin{n*sin[arcsin(1 / n)-θ1-θ2]}; where θ1 is the angle between the side wall of the isolator body and the central axis of the isolator body, θ2 is the angle between the first conical surface 103a and the horizontal plane, D is the diameter D of the first surface 101, H is the vertical height H of the isolator body, and n is the refractive index n of the material used in the isolator body.

[0054] Using the above formulas, the external dimensions of the isolator body can be determined based on the preset critical angle θ. In actual operation, some parameters can be selected based on experience, and other parameters can be obtained through the formulas. For example, θ, n, D, and H can be selected first, and then substituted into the above formulas to obtain other parameters.

[0055] In this way, after obtaining the external dimensions of the isolator body from the above relationship, the isolator body has a unique preset critical angle θ. When the first beam S1, with an incident angle a greater than or equal to the preset critical angle θ, enters the isolator body, it is completely shielded; when the second beam S2, with an incident angle a less than the preset critical angle θ, enters the isolator body, it is completely transmitted.

[0056] The derivation process is as follows:

[0057] according to Figure 8 The critical angle for total internal reflection is (a'+θ1+θ2), where a' is the angle of refraction corresponding to the incident angle a, and (a'+θ1+θ2)=arcsin(1 / n), where n is the refractive index n of the material used in the isolator body.

[0058] When the following two relationships are simultaneously satisfied, the incident beam undergoes total internal reflection inside the isolator body, achieving complete shielding of the first beam S1:

[0059] The incident angle a ≥ arcsin[n*arctg(D / 2H)-n*θ1]; and the incident angle a ≥ arcsin{n*sin[arcsin(1 / n)-θ1-θ2]};

[0060] At the same time, arcsin[n*arctg(D / 2H)-n*θ1]=arcsin{n*sin[arcsin(1 / n)-θ1-θ2]};

[0061] When only one of the following relationships is satisfied, the second beam S2 is directly transmitted after the incident beam passes through the inside of the isolator body:

[0062] incident angle a <arcsin{n*sin[arcsin(1 / n)-θ1-θ2]};

[0063] And arcsin[n*arctg(D / 2H)-n*θ1]=arcsin{n*sin[arcsin(1 / n)-θ1-θ2]}.

[0064] Based on this, such as Figure 9 As shown, a compensation structure 200 is also provided on the light-emitting side of the second surface 103 of the isolator body. The compensation structure 200 is a cone, the top surface of the cone is the second conical surface 200a, and the bottom surface of the cone is a plane. The second conical surface 200a faces the second surface 103 of the isolator body to match the taper of the first conical surface 103a. There is a gap between the first conical surface 103a and the second conical surface 200a. The second light beam S2 emitted from the second surface 103 of the isolator body enters the second conical surface 200a after passing through the gap and is emitted from the bottom surface of the compensation structure 200.

[0065] The compensation structure 200 is located on the light-emitting side of the second surface 103 of the isolator body. The compensation structure 200 is a conical structure with a conical top surface and a flat bottom surface. After the second beam S2 exits from the second surface 103, it first enters the second conical surface 200a of the compensation structure 200, is refracted on the second conical surface 200a, and then exits through the bottom surface of the compensation structure 200.

[0066] The function of the compensation structure 200 is to ensure that the exit angle of the second beam S2 emitted from the bottom surface of the compensation structure 200 is the same as the incident angle α of the second beam S2 incident on the first surface 101, that is, the second beam S2 and the corresponding second outgoing beam S2' of the second beam S2 are parallel. Since the second beam S2 is refracted into the first surface 101 and then refracted out through the second surface 103, the exit angle of the second beam S2 from the second surface 103 is not equal to the incident angle α of the first surface 101, which will cause light distortion. By setting the compensation structure 200 on the light-emitting side of the second surface 103, it is equivalent to compensating for the deflection of the second beam S2 on the second surface 103, so that the second beam S2 is refracted into the first surface 101, refracted out through the second surface 103, refracted into the second conical surface 200a of the compensation structure 200, and emitted from the bottom surface of the compensation structure 200, thus achieving the purpose of parallel incident and outgoing beam S2.

[0067] On the other hand, such as Figure 10 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a beam isolator module is also disclosed, including multiple beam isolators 100 arranged in an array as described above. The first surfaces 101 of the multiple isolator bodies are located in the same plane. The multiple isolator bodies include at least two primary bodies 100.1 and at least two secondary bodies 100.2. The area of ​​the first surface 101 of the primary body 100.1 is larger than the area of ​​the first surface 101 of the secondary body 100.2. The first surfaces 101 of the at least two primary bodies 100.1 are tangent to each other, and the at least two secondary bodies 100.2 are respectively disposed on both sides of the tangent point of the at least two primary bodies 100.1, and the first surface 101 of the secondary body 100.2 is tangent to the first surface 101 of the adjacent primary body 100.1.

[0068] Multiple beam isolators 100 are arranged in an array to form a beam isolator module. The beam isolators 100 are of different sizes and can be classified into first-level bodies 100.1, second-level bodies 100.2, third-level bodies 100.3, and so on up to the Nth level, according to the size of their first surfaces 101 from largest to smallest. The first surfaces 101 of these beam isolators 100 are coplanar, and the first surfaces 101 of adjacent beam isolators 100 are tangent. When arranging them in this array, the principle is to minimize the gaps between the first surfaces 101 of adjacent beam isolators 100, so that as many incident beams as possible can enter these beam isolators 100 through the densely arranged first surfaces 101, while as few as possible enter the gaps. Incident beams entering the gaps cannot enter the beam isolators 100, thus failing to achieve complete shielding and interfering with the second beam S2 emitted from the second surface 103.

[0069] For example, taking two primary bodies 100.1 and two secondary bodies 100.2 as an example, the first surfaces 101 of the two primary bodies 100.1 are tangent to each other (the tangency mentioned below refers to the tangency of the first surfaces 101 of adjacent isolators). After tangency, two secondary bodies 100.2 are arranged on both sides of the tangency point of the two primary bodies 100.1. Each secondary body 100.2 is tangent to the two primary bodies 100.1 respectively. In this way, after the two primary bodies 100.1 are arranged, the two secondary bodies 100.2 fill the gap formed by the two primary bodies 100.1, so that the gap in the smallest unit of the beam isolator module formed by the two primary bodies 100.1 and the two secondary bodies 100.2 is as small as possible, and the incident beam is avoided from entering the gap as much as possible.

[0070] Based on this, such as Figure 11 As shown, the beam isolator module also includes at least a third-level body 100.3, the area of ​​the first surface 101 of the third-level body 100.3 is smaller than the area of ​​the first surface 101 of the second-level body 100.2; there are at least two third-level bodies 100.3, and at least two third-level bodies 100.3 are located in the gap between the first-level body 100.1 and the second-level body 100.2, respectively, and the first surface 101 of the third-level body 100.3 is tangent to the first surface 101 of the adjacent first-level body 100.1 and the first surface 101 of the second-level body 100.2.

[0071] The third-level body 100.3 is a beam isolator 100 that is smaller than the first surface 101 of the second-level body 100.2. It fills the gap between the first-level body 100.1 and the second-level body 100.2, so that multiple beam isolators 100 are arranged as densely as possible and the gaps are as small as possible in the area formed by the beam isolator module.

[0072] It should be noted that the dimensions of the same-level bodies are all equal, while the dimensions of bodies at different levels are different. Therefore, apart from the difference in the size of the first surface 101, the size, height, and other parameters of the second surface 103 of the bodies at different levels are also different. That is, the D and H of each level body are different, but the θ1, θ2, and n of each level body are the same. Thus, when the different levels of bodies are arranged in an array, because the first surface 101 is coplanar and the heights of the different levels of bodies are different, the second surface 103 of the different levels of bodies are located on different planes, causing the bottom surface of the entire beam isolator module to form a stepped surface, such as... Figure 13 As shown.

[0073] Taking multiple first-level entities 100.1, multiple second-level entities 100.2, and multiple third-level entities 100.3 as an example, such as... Figures 12-14As shown, a rectangular array pattern is formed, with the same arrangement rules as described above. This reduces the likelihood of leakage due to the incident gap when a wide incident beam is incident on such a beam isolator module, thus improving shielding efficiency. Generally, when a three-stage body 100.3 is set up—that is, when a first-stage body 100.1, a second-stage body 100.2, and a third-stage body 100.3 are simultaneously arranged—95%–98% of the light in the incident beam can enter different stages of the body, achieving essentially complete shielding and complete transmission, meeting practical application requirements, and at a relatively low cost.

[0074] Of course, the gaps between different levels of the body can be filled indefinitely up to the Nth level body, which would result in more incident beams being received by different levels of the body. However, in practical applications, considering cost factors, it is still best to arrange the beams in the third or fourth level body to meet the requirements.

[0075] When the aforementioned multiple beam isolators 100 are arranged in an array, different array patterns can be formed as needed. In addition to the rectangular array pattern mentioned above, regular array patterns such as circles, rhombuses, and parallelograms can also be formed. Figure 15 The irregular array patterns shown will not be described in detail here.

[0076] Furthermore, a compensation structure 200 may be provided on the light-emitting side of the second surface 103 of the single beam isolator 100, similarly, such as Figure 16 , Figure 18 As shown, a beam isolator module is formed by arranging multiple beam isolators 100 in an array. The light-emitting side of the second surface 103 of each beam isolator 100 is also provided with a corresponding compensation structure 200. The bottom surfaces of the compensation structures 200 are located on the same plane. In other words, since the second surfaces 103 (bottom surfaces of the isolator bodies) of different levels are located on different planes, after setting the corresponding compensation structures 200, the heights of the corresponding compensation structures 200 are different to compensate for the height difference of different levels of bodies, so that the bottom surfaces of different levels of bodies with compensation structures 200 are located on the same plane, so that the bottom surface of the entire beam isolator module forms a plane.

[0077] like Figure 17 As shown, the first-level body 100.1 corresponds to the first-level compensation structure 200.1, the second-level body 100.2 corresponds to the second-level compensation structure 200.2, the third-level body 100.3 corresponds to the third-level compensation structure 200.3, and so on, to form a beam isolator module. Furthermore, the top surface (first surface 101) and bottom surface (bottom surface of compensation structure 200) of the beam isolator module are both planar.

[0078] Based on the beam isolator 100 described above, this application also discloses an optical device including the beam isolator 100 described above.

[0079] In addition, based on the above-mentioned beam isolator module, this application also discloses an optical device including the above-mentioned beam isolator module.

[0080] This optical device includes the same structure and beneficial effects as the beam isolator 100 and beam isolator module in the foregoing embodiments. The structure and beneficial effects of the beam isolator 100 and beam isolator module have been described in detail in the foregoing embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0081] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A beam isolator, characterized in that, include: An isolator body includes a first surface and a second surface facing each other. An incident light beam is incident on the first surface and transmitted toward the second surface. A first light beam with an incident angle greater than or equal to a preset critical angle is totally reflected within the isolator body and exits from the first surface. A second light beam with an incident angle less than the preset critical angle is exited from the second surface. The isolator body is shaped like a frustum, with the top surface area of ​​the frustum being larger than the bottom surface area. The top surface is the first surface, the bottom surface is the second surface, and the bottom surface of the frustum is concave inward to form a first conical surface. The light-emitting side of the second surface of the isolator body is also provided with a compensation structure. The compensation structure is a cone. The top surface of the cone is a second conical surface, and the bottom surface of the cone is a plane. The second conical surface faces the second surface of the isolator body to match the taper of the first conical surface. There is a gap between the first conical surface and the second conical surface. The second beam emitted from the second surface of the isolator body enters the second conical surface after passing through the gap, and exits from the bottom surface of the compensation structure.

2. The beam isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the first beam is incident on the first surface, it is refracted out of the first surface after total reflection by the second surface and / or the inner wall of the isolator body. The second beam is incident on the first surface and refracted out by the second surface; and / or, after total reflection by the inner wall of the isolator body, it is refracted out by the second surface.

3. The beam isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset critical angle θ and the structural parameters of the isolator body satisfy the following relationship: θ=arcsin[n*arctg(D / 2H)-n*θ1], and arcsin[n*arctg(D / 2H)-n*θ1]= arcsin{n*sin[arcsin(1 / n)-θ1-θ2]}; where θ1 is the angle between the side wall of the isolator body and the central axis of the isolator body, θ2 is the angle between the first conical surface and the horizontal plane, D is the diameter of the first surface, H is the vertical height of the isolator body, and n is the refractive index of the material used in the isolator body.

4. A beam isolator module, characterized in that, The beam isolators as described in any one of claims 1-3 include multiple arrays arranged in a single plane, wherein the first surfaces of the multiple isolator bodies are located in the same plane; the multiple isolator bodies include at least two primary bodies and at least two secondary bodies, wherein the area of ​​the first surface of the primary body is larger than the area of ​​the first surface of the secondary body. At least two of the first-level bodies are tangent to each other on their first faces, and at least two of the second-level bodies are respectively disposed on both sides of the tangent point of the at least two first-level bodies, and the first face of the second-level body is tangent to the first face of the adjacent first-level body.

5. The beam isolator module according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes at least a third-level body, wherein the area of ​​the first surface of the third-level body is smaller than the area of ​​the first surface of the second-level body; There are at least two tertiary bodies, and at least two tertiary bodies are located in the gap between the primary body and the secondary body, respectively, and the first surface of the tertiary body is tangent to the first surface of the adjacent primary body and the first surface of the secondary body.

6. The beam isolator module according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes multiple compensation structures, which include at least a first-level compensation structure, a second-level compensation structure, and a third-level compensation structure. Each level of compensation structure and each level of isolator body are configured in a one-to-one correspondence.

7. An optical device, characterized in that, Includes the beam isolator as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

8. An optical device, characterized in that, Includes the beam isolator module as described in any one of claims 4 to 6.

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