A secure and efficient consensus method for distributed energy transaction

Abstract

This invention relates to a secure and efficient consensus method for distributed energy trading. The method is applied to a distributed electricity trading system, which includes an electricity trading platform and several electricity nodes. The method includes: each electricity node publishing its electricity demand on the electricity trading platform; if the electricity demand of a node is successfully matched, a trading proposal is generated; the electricity node broadcasts the trading proposal to other electricity nodes in the electricity trading platform for consensus; if the consensus is successful, the consensus result is submitted to the electricity trading platform's blockchain; the operating nodes of the electricity trading platform perform electricity transmission according to the consensus result and update the electricity transmission result to the electricity trading platform's blockchain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a secure and efficient consensus method for distributed energy trading. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of power systems, more and more distributed energy resources are being connected to the grid, with solar photovoltaic arrays and wind turbines being the main components. Because the output power of these distributed energy resources is unstable, direct connection to the grid would impact the grid. Therefore, distributed energy resources are usually connected in the form of microgrids, which can transmit electricity between points and also enable local consumption of electricity within a region, reducing the impact on the grid and improving the flexibility of the microgrid.

[0003] To improve the energy utilization rate of microgrids, a common approach is to establish a distributed energy trading market, where market participants negotiate and determine the price of traded electricity before transmitting it. However, distributed energy trading markets face numerous challenges: the sheer number of distributed energy sources, coupled with the small transaction amounts and high frequency of transactions, makes traditional centralized trading centers unsuitable; secondly, a trust crisis exists among market participants, raising concerns about potential fraud and jeopardizing the fairness and security of transactions; and thirdly, the centralized data storage in trading centers makes them susceptible to single points of failure leading to information leaks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a secure and efficient consensus method for distributed energy trading, aiming to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention relates to a secure and efficient consensus method for distributed energy trading. This method is applied to a distributed electricity trading system, which includes an electricity trading platform and several electricity nodes, comprising:

[0006] Each of the aforementioned power nodes publishes its power demand on the power trading platform;

[0007] If the power demand of the power node is successfully matched, a transaction proposal is generated;

[0008] The power node broadcasts the transaction proposal to other power nodes in the power trading platform for consensus.

[0009] If consensus is successful, the consensus result will be submitted to the electricity trading platform blockchain;

[0010] The operating nodes of the power trading platform transmit power according to the consensus result and update the power transmission result to the power trading platform blockchain.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention establishes a distributed energy trading system, proposes a distributed energy trading framework with an efficient and secure consensus algorithm, and ensures the robustness of the trading system through blockchain; thus enabling the distributed energy trading to be carried out efficiently and securely. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a secure and efficient consensus method for distributed energy trading according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a distributed power trading system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of threshold signature in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the weak consensus phase in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the strong consensus phase in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the credit value update in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a distributed power trading device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the concept, specific structure, and technical effects of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, solution, and effects of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, when a feature is referred to as "fixed" or "connected" to another feature, it can be directly fixed or connected to the other feature, or indirectly fixed or connected to the other feature. The singular forms "a," "described," and "the" used herein are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and not for limiting the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any combination of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0021] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used in this disclosure to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish elements of the same type from one another. For example, a first element may also be referred to as a second element without departing from the scope of this disclosure, and similarly, a second element may also be referred to as a first element. Any and all instances or exemplary language (“e.g.,” “such as,” etc.) provided herein are intended only to better illustrate embodiments of the invention and, unless otherwise required, do not impose a limitation on the scope of the invention.

[0022] Reference Figure 1-6 In some embodiments, according to the secure and efficient consensus method for distributed energy trading of the present invention, the secure and efficient consensus method for distributed energy trading is applied to a distributed electricity trading system, the system including an electricity trading platform and several electricity nodes, the electricity nodes being divided into a leader node, several supervisory nodes and several member nodes according to their roles in the electricity trading platform.

[0023] Step S101: Each of the aforementioned power nodes publishes its power demand on the power trading platform.

[0024] Each power node is equivalent to a small microgrid. After balancing its own power supply and demand, a power node may have excess power generation or insufficient capacity to meet demand. When there is excess power generation, it can provide power to other power nodes that need to purchase power, at which point the power node publishes its power sales demand. When its capacity cannot meet demand, it can purchase power from power nodes with surplus power, at which point the power node publishes its power purchase demand.

[0025] Step S102: If the power demand of the power node is successfully matched, a transaction proposal is generated.

[0026] Specifically, power nodes predict their electricity demand for purchase or sale one day in advance and publish this forecast on the electricity trading platform. Once the seller and seller are matched, a transaction proposal is generated. This proposal includes the power node purchasing electricity, the power node selling electricity, the amount of electricity being traded, and the unit price of that electricity. This transaction proposal can be denoted as...<REQUEST,m,d,t,c> The REQUEST includes a proposal message m and a content digest d, where t is the timestamp of the REQUEST message and c is the identifier of the power node that purchased the electricity.

[0027] Step S103: The power node broadcasts the transaction proposal to other power nodes in the power trading platform for consensus.

[0028] Specifically, the electricity purchasing node or the electricity selling node sends the transaction proposal to the leader node to request consensus across the network. The leader node then broadcasts the transaction proposal to other electricity nodes in the electricity trading platform to reach a consensus.

[0029] See appendix Figure 3-5 The consensus mechanism includes a weak consensus phase and a strong consensus phase, and includes the following specific steps:

[0030] Step S201: The leader node aggregates the signature shares of each member node according to the characteristics of threshold signature and forms a complete aggregate signature.

[0031] Specifically, the leader node, based on the received transaction proposals...<REQUEST,m,d,t,c> Generate verification request<PREPARE,v,n> and the verification request<PREPARE,v,n> PREPARE is sent to each member node. It contains a REQUEST message, where v is the consensus view number and n is the transaction sequence number.

[0032] Each member node's verification request<PREPARE,v,n> After verification, the PREPARE transaction request in the verification request is signed, and a verification response is generated based on the signed transaction request.<PREPARE-VOTE,v,n,i> The verification response includes a signature share;

[0033] The leader node will receive the verification response.<PREPARE-VOTE,v,n,i> The signature shares are aggregated to generate a complete aggregate signature.

[0034] Step S202: If the aggregate signature is found to be incorrect, the malicious node is identified through cross-verification among the member nodes.

[0035] If the aggregated signature verification fails, it indicates that a malicious node is sending a verification response.<PREPARE-VOTE,v,n,i> Sending an incorrect signature share to the leader node at the wrong time leads to an aggregated signature error. In this case, it is necessary to switch to the strong consensus phase for further verification, specifically:

[0036] Step S301: The leader node sends a consensus switching signal to each of the member nodes.<CHANGE,v,n> The consensus switching signal<CHANGE,v,n> Includes error stage identifiers;

[0037] Step S302: The member node generates a verification request based on the error stage identifier.<SUBMIT,v,n,i> and the verification request<SUBMIT,v,n,i> Send to the monitoring node;

[0038] Step S303: If the verification request received by the supervisory node from any member node is inconsistent with the verification requests from other member nodes, the member node corresponding to the inconsistent verification request is recorded as the malicious node.

[0039] Step S304: The monitoring node counts the malicious nodes to form a malicious node list Pre-Decide, and obtains malicious information based on the malicious node list Pre-Decide.<Pre-Decide,v,n,c> The malicious information<Pre-Decide,v,n,c> Send to other monitoring nodes, where c is the identifier of the monitoring node;

[0040] Step S305: If the number of identical malicious node pre-decides received by the monitoring node exceeds a first preset threshold, an alert message is obtained based on the malicious node list.<DECIDE,v,n,c> The reminder information<DECIDE,v,n,c> Send to other monitoring nodes; in this embodiment, the first set threshold can be 2 / 3.

[0041] Step S306: If the monitoring node receives the same reminder message DECIDE more than the second preset threshold, then according to the reminder message...<DECIDE,v,n,c> Receive alarm information<RESPONSE,v,n,c> and the alarm information<RESPONSE,v,n,c> Send to all member nodes. In this embodiment, the second set threshold can be 2 / 3.

[0042] Additionally, if the aggregate signature is verified to be error-free, it indicates that the aggregate signature has passed verification, and the leader node sends a verification pass message to each member node.<PRE-COMMIT,v,n> Where v is the view number stored by the leader node, n is the transaction sequence number of the leader node, and the verification message contains an aggregate signature;

[0043] If each member node receives a verification pass message<PRE-COMMIT,v,n> Then, the aggregate signature is further verified to ensure its correctness. After successful verification, each member node will confirm the information.<PRE-COMMIT VOTE,v,n,i> Send to the leader node;

[0044] When the leader node receives enough confirmation messages<PRE-COMMIT VOTE,v,n,i> Then, the signature shares are aggregated again to generate a verifiable aggregated signature, and the correctness of the aggregated signature is verified.

[0045] If the verification fails, it means that the malicious node sent an incorrect signature share when the member node sent the confirmation message to the leader node, resulting in an incorrect signature in the aggregation.

[0046] If the verification passes, the leader node generates an agreement message.<COMMIT,v,n> The consent message is sent to the member nodes.<COMMIT,v,n> Includes a verified aggregate signature;

[0047] When the member node receives the consent message<COMMIT,v,n> Next, the aggregate signature is verified to be correct. If the aggregate signature verification passes, the transaction proposal is officially added to the ledger of the power trading platform, and the execution result is generated.<Reply,i> Provide electricity purchase nodes.

[0048] Step S203: Update the reputation value of the power node based on the malicious node and the aggregate signature.

[0049] The reputation values ​​of the leader node, supervisor node, and member nodes are updated based on the malicious node and the aggregate signature. The calculation method for the reputation values ​​of the different roles of the energy nodes is the same, only the specific parameter values ​​are different. The energy trading platform is assumed to have N energy nodes, including one leader node, N... c One supervisory node and N m There are N member nodes, and N = N m +N c +1.

[0050] The expression for the reputation value is:

[0051]

[0052] Among them, R i Let i be the reputation value of the power node. A is the capacity bias coefficient for energy node i. i For the communication capability of power node i, B is the performance bias coefficient for energy node i. i Let i be the behavior score of the power node.

[0053] The expression for the communication capability of the power node i is:

[0054]

[0055] Among them, T i The total latency T for power node i to complete one consensus phase is... min T is the minimum total latency for all power nodes to complete one consensus phase. max The maximum total latency for all power nodes to complete one consensus phase; The time when power node i receives the message. D represents the data size of a single message. Let be the downlink rate of node i; The time required for power node i to process messages. C i Let i be the CPU processing speed of node i; Let be the uplink speed of power node i. Let be the uplink speed of power node i; Let be the maximum round-trip time for power node i to communicate with other power nodes. Let $\mathbf{i}$ be the round-trip time required for node $i$ to communicate with node $j$.

[0056] Step S204: Update the leader node, supervisor node, and member nodes based on the updated reputation values ​​of the power nodes. See Appendix for details. Figure 6 .

[0057] Step S104: If consensus is successful, submit the consensus result to the electricity trading platform blockchain.

[0058] Step S105: The operating nodes of the power trading platform transmit power according to the consensus result and update the power transmission result to the power trading platform blockchain.

[0059] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, as long as they achieve the technical effects of the present invention by the same means, should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Within the scope of protection of the present invention, the technical solutions and / or implementation methods can have various modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A secure and efficient consensus method for distributed energy transaction, the secure and efficient consensus method for distributed energy transaction is applied to a distributed energy transaction system, the system comprises an energy transaction platform and a plurality of energy nodes, characterized in that, include: Each of the aforementioned power nodes publishes its power demand on the power trading platform; If the power demand of the power node is successfully matched, a transaction proposal is generated; The power node broadcasts the transaction proposal to other power nodes in the power trading platform for consensus. If consensus is successful, the consensus result will be submitted to the electricity trading platform blockchain; The operating nodes of the power trading platform transmit power according to the consensus result and update the power transmission result to the power trading platform blockchain; The plurality of power nodes include a leader node, a plurality of supervisory nodes, and a plurality of member nodes, and the consensus includes: The leader node aggregates the signature shares of each member node according to the characteristics of threshold signatures, and forms a complete aggregate signature; If the aggregate signature is found to be incorrect, the malicious node is identified through cross-verification among the member nodes. The reputation value of the power node is updated based on the malicious node and the aggregated signature; The leader node, supervisor node, and member nodes are updated based on the updated reputation value of the power nodes; The cross-validation among the member nodes identifies the malicious nodes, including: The leader node sends a consensus switching signal to each of the member nodes, and the consensus switching signal includes an error phase identifier; The member node generates a verification request based on the error stage identifier and sends the verification request to the supervisor node; If a supervisory node receives a verification request from any member node that is inconsistent with the verification requests from other member nodes, the member node with the inconsistent verification request will be recorded as a malicious node.

2. The secure and efficient consensus method for distributed energy trading as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electricity demand includes the demand for purchasing electricity or the demand for selling electricity.

3. The secure and efficient consensus method for distributed energy transaction of claim 1, wherein, The leader node aggregates the signature shares of each member node according to the characteristics of threshold signatures, and forms a complete aggregate signature, including: The leader node generates a verification request based on the received transaction proposal and sends the verification request to each member node; After each member node verifies the verification request, it signs the transaction request in the verification request and forms a verification response based on the signed transaction request. The verification response includes a signature share. The leader node aggregates the signature shares of the received verification responses to generate a complete aggregated signature.

4. The secure and efficient consensus method for distributed energy trading as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: The monitoring node compiles a list of malicious nodes and sends the list to other monitoring nodes. If the list of identical malicious nodes received by the monitoring node exceeds a first preset threshold, a reminder message is obtained based on the list of malicious nodes, and the reminder message is sent to other monitoring nodes; If the number of identical reminder messages received by the monitoring node exceeds the second preset threshold, an alarm message is obtained based on the reminder message, and the alarm message is sent to all member nodes.

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