A power supply circuit of an adaptive power supply and a power-using device

Abstract

This invention provides an adaptive power supply circuit and an electrical device. The power supply circuit includes a first power connection slot and a second power connection slot for housing the power supply, which can be a dry cell battery or a lithium battery. The power supply circuit also includes a Zener diode, a first controlled switch, and a switching control circuit. Utilizing the principle that the Zener diode reverse-biased when powered by a lithium battery, thus controlling the first controlled switch to conduct, the hardware circuit design automatically identifies whether the current power supply is from a dry cell battery or a lithium battery, and automatically switches the series-parallel connection of the power supply to power the device accordingly. This avoids damage to downstream circuits due to users mistakenly inserting a lithium battery, achieving adaptability to different power supplies, improving the user experience, and reducing the cost of the power supply circuit due to low hardware design costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of circuit control, and more specifically to a power supply circuit and electrical equipment with an adaptive power supply. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, many electrical devices, such as small handheld atomizers, require a power supply voltage of around 3V, typically powered by two dry cell batteries connected in series. In practical applications, some users may confuse lithium batteries with dry cell batteries, mistakenly inserting a 3.7V lithium battery into the atomizer. Because the dry cell battery power supply circuit in the atomizer is a series circuit, this will cause the atomizer's power supply voltage to reach 7.4V, potentially burning out the subsequent circuitry. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect in the prior art of electrical equipment powered by two dry batteries connected in series, which will damage the subsequent circuit if the user accidentally inserts a lithium battery, thereby providing an adaptive power supply circuit and electrical equipment.

[0004] According to a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a power supply circuit for an adaptive power supply, the power supply circuit comprising: a first power connection slot and a second power connection slot for accommodating a power supply, wherein the power supply is a dry cell battery or a lithium battery, and the power supply circuit further comprising: a Zener diode, a first controlled switch, and a switching control circuit, wherein...

[0005] The positive terminal of the first power connection slot is connected to the positive terminal of the second power connection slot through the first normally open contact of the switching control circuit, and the negative terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the second power connection slot through the normally closed contact of the switching control circuit.

[0006] The negative terminal of the first power connection slot is also connected to the negative terminal of the second power connection slot through a second normally open contact;

[0007] The positive terminal of the Zener diode is connected to the control terminal of the first controlled switch, and the negative terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the second power connection slot. The Zener diode's voltage regulation value is between the supply voltage of a single dry cell battery and a single lithium battery.

[0008] The control terminal of the switching control circuit is connected to the first terminal of the first controlled switch, so that when the first controlled switch is turned on, the first normally open contact and the second normally open contact are turned on, and the normally closed contact is turned off.

[0009] Optionally, the switching control circuit includes: a double-pole double-throw relay.

[0010] The first terminal of the first controlled switch is connected to the input terminal of the induction coil of the double-pole double-throw relay.

[0011] Optionally, the power supply circuit of the adaptive power supply further includes a diode, wherein the forward terminal of the diode is connected to the output terminal of the induction coil, and the reverse terminal is connected to the input terminal of the induction coil.

[0012] Optionally, the first controlled switch is an NPN transistor.

[0013] Optionally, the first controlled switch is an NMOS transistor.

[0014] Optionally, the power supply circuit of the adaptive power supply further includes:

[0015] The first resistor has one end connected to the forward terminal of the Zener diode and the other end connected to the control terminal of the NPN transistor.

[0016] Optionally, the power supply circuit of the adaptive power supply further includes:

[0017] The second resistor has one end connected to the control terminal of the NMOS transistor and the other end grounded.

[0018] Optionally, the positive end of the first power connection slot is connected to the power supply interface of the electrical device, and the power supply interface is connected to the second end of the first controlled switch.

[0019] According to a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention also provide an electrical device, including a power supply circuit for an adaptive power supply as described in the first aspect and any alternative embodiments thereof.

[0020] Optionally, the electrical device is an atomizer.

[0021] The technical solution of this invention has the following advantages:

[0022] 1. The power supply circuit of the adaptive power supply provided by the present invention includes: a first power connection slot and a second power connection slot for placing the power supply, wherein the power supply is a dry cell battery or a lithium battery; the power supply circuit further includes: a Zener diode, a first controlled switch, and a switching control circuit; wherein the positive terminal of the first power connection slot is connected to the positive terminal of the second power connection slot through a first normally open contact of the switching control circuit, and the negative terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the second power connection slot through a normally closed contact of the switching control circuit; the negative terminal of the first power connection slot is also connected to the negative terminal of the second power connection slot through a second normally open contact; the positive terminal of the Zener diode is connected to the control terminal of the first controlled switch, and the negative terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the second power connection slot; the Zener diode's voltage regulation value is between the supply voltage of a single dry cell battery and a single lithium battery; the first terminal of the first controlled switch is connected to the control terminal of the switching control circuit, so that when the first controlled switch is turned on, the first normally open contact and the second normally open contact are turned on, and the normally closed contact is turned off. This design utilizes the principle that the Zener diode breaks down in reverse when powered by a lithium battery, thereby controlling the conduction of the first controlled switch. Through hardware circuit design, it can automatically identify whether the current power supply circuit is powered by a dry cell battery or a lithium battery, and automatically switch the series and parallel connection relationship of the power supply according to the type of power supply to power the device. This avoids damage to the subsequent circuit due to the user accidentally inserting a lithium battery, realizes the adaptability of the power supply circuit to different power supplies, improves the user experience, and has low hardware circuit design cost, reducing the cost of the power supply circuit.

[0023] 2. The electrical equipment provided by this invention includes a power supply circuit for an adaptive power supply provided in another embodiment of this invention. This circuit utilizes the principle that when a lithium battery is powered, the Zener diode will reverse-break down, thereby controlling the conduction of the first controlled switch. Through hardware circuit design, it can automatically identify whether the current power supply circuit is powered by a dry cell battery or a lithium battery, and automatically switch the series-parallel connection relationship of the power supply according to the type of power supply to power the electrical equipment. This avoids damage to subsequent circuits due to users mistakenly inserting lithium batteries, achieving adaptability of the power supply circuit to different power supplies, improving the user experience, and reducing the cost of the hardware circuit design, thereby reducing the cost of the electrical equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the power supply circuit of an adaptive power supply in the prior art according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply circuit of another adaptive power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the operation process of the power supply circuit of the adaptive power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrical equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can also refer to the internal connection of two components; and they can refer to a wireless connection or a wired connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0033] In existing technologies, many electrical devices, such as small handheld atomizers, require a power supply voltage of around 3V, typically powered by two dry cell batteries connected in series. In practical applications, some users may confuse lithium batteries with dry cell batteries, mistakenly inserting a 3.7V lithium battery into the atomizer. Because the dry cell battery power supply circuit in the atomizer is a series circuit, this will cause the atomizer's power supply voltage to reach 7.4V, potentially burning out the subsequent circuitry.

[0034] To address the aforementioned problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a power supply circuit for an adaptive power source, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the power supply circuit of the adaptive power supply includes: a first power connection slot 11 and a second power connection slot 12 for housing the power supply. The power supply is a dry cell battery or a lithium battery, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the power supply circuit also includes: a Zener diode DZ, a first controlled switch Q1, and a switching control circuit. Figure 1 (Not shown in the diagram), wherein the positive terminal of the first power connection slot 11 is connected to the positive terminal of the second power connection slot 12 through the first normally open contact KM-1` of the switching control circuit, and the negative terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the second power connection slot 12 through the normally closed contact KM-1 of the switching control circuit; the negative terminal of the first power connection slot 11 is also connected to the negative terminal of the second power connection slot 12 through the second normally open contact KM-2; the positive terminal of the Zener diode DZ is connected to the control terminal of the first controlled switch Q1, and the negative terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the second power connection slot 12, and the Zener diode DZ's Zener voltage is between the supply voltage of a single dry cell battery and a single lithium battery; the control terminal of the switching control circuit is connected to the first terminal of the first controlled switch Q1, so that when the first controlled switch Q1 is turned on, the first normally open contact KM-1` and the second normally open contact KM-2 are turned on, and the normally closed contact KM-1 is turned off.

[0035] Specifically, in one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the positive end of the first power connection slot 11 is connected to the power supply interface VCC of the electrical device to supply power to the device. Furthermore, the power supply interface VCC is connected to the second end of the first controlled switch. For example, when the user inserts a lithium battery, its output voltage is 3.7V; when the user inserts a dry cell battery, its output voltage is 3V.

[0036] Specifically, in one embodiment, the switching control circuit includes a double-pole double-throw relay, wherein the first terminal of the first controlled switch Q1 is connected to the input terminal of the induction coil KM of the double-pole double-throw relay.

[0037] In practical applications, the aforementioned switching control circuit can also be composed of multiple relay switches, such as a first normally closed relay and two normally open relays. The two ends of the normally closed relay are connected to the negative terminal of the first power connection slot 11 and the positive terminal of the second power connection slot 12, respectively. The other two normally open relay switches are connected in the same manner as the two normally open contacts in the aforementioned double-pole double-throw relay. The induction coils of the three relays are connected in series and then connected to the first terminal of the aforementioned first controlled switch Q1. Thus, by utilizing multiple relays, automatic switching between the series and parallel connections of two power supplies is achieved. This invention is only an example and is not limited thereto.

[0038] Specifically, in one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the power supply circuit of the aforementioned adaptive power supply also includes a diode D1. The forward terminal of diode D1 is connected to the output terminal of the induction coil KM, and the reverse terminal is connected to the input terminal of the induction coil KM. This utilizes diode D1 to provide freewheeling current to the double-pole double-throw relay, preventing damage to the relay after battery removal.

[0039] Specifically, in one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first controlled switch Q1 is an NPN transistor. Furthermore, the power supply circuit also includes a first resistor R1, one end of which is connected to the forward terminal of the Zener diode DZ, and the other end is connected to the control terminal of the NPN transistor. The first resistor R1 limits the current flowing through the base of Q1, and its resistance value is required to ensure that the transistor Q1 is in a saturated conduction state.

[0040] Specifically, in another embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first controlled switch Q1 is an NMOS transistor. Further, the power supply circuit also includes a second resistor R2, one end of which is connected to the control terminal of the NMOS transistor, and the other end is grounded. Here, the second resistor R2 is a pull-down resistor. Figure 1 The medium current control schemes are different. Figure 2 The control scheme is a voltage control scheme. This voltage control scheme does not require calculating the current of the transistor to keep the switching device in the saturation region. It only requires selecting the NMOS transistor (selection requirements such as: the gate-source threshold voltage of VGS(th) can be selected to be between 1.2V and 2V). This invention is only an example and is not limited thereto.

[0041] The working principle and process of the power supply circuit of the adaptive power supply provided in the embodiments of the present invention will be explained in detail below with specific application examples.

[0042] like Figure 1As shown, battery 1 and battery 2 are replaceable batteries of the same type. The voltage of a single dry cell battery is 1.5V, and the voltage of a single lithium battery is 3.7V. The voltage regulation value of the Zener diode is between the voltage of a single dry cell battery and a lithium battery. For example, this embodiment of the invention uses 2V as an example for illustration. Figure 3 As shown, its working principle is as follows:

[0043] 1. If batteries 1 and 2 are dry cell batteries: the potential difference between C and D is 1.5V. At this time, the Zener diode DZ cannot be reverse-broken down, the voltage at point E is 0V, Q1 cannot work, the relay coil KM is not energized, the relay does not work, the normally closed contact KM-1 is in the closed state, point B is connected to point C, batteries 1 and 2 are connected in series, and the VCC output voltage is 3V.

[0044] 2. If batteries 1 and 2 are lithium batteries: The potential difference between terminals C and D is 3.7V. At this time, the Zener diode DZ (with a Zener voltage of 2V) can be reverse-biased and broken down. The voltage at point E is 1.7V, Q1 operates, the relay coil KM is energized, the normally closed contact KM-1 opens, and the normally open contacts KM-1' and KM-2 close. Points A and C are connected, and points B and D are connected. Batteries 1 and 2 are connected in parallel, and the VCC output voltage is 3.7V. This demonstrates that even with batteries at a higher voltage level installed in the battery box, the equipment can still be powered normally.

[0045] The connection relationship and output voltage of the above power supply circuit when connected to different power supplies are shown in Table 1.

[0046] Table 1

[0047] Series and parallel relationships Series in parallel Output voltage 3V 3.7V

[0048] This allows for automatic identification of lithium batteries and dry cell batteries. When using dry cell batteries, the two batteries are connected in series. When a lithium battery is identified, the series circuit is switched to a parallel circuit, keeping the output voltage VCC below 4V and effectively preventing the downstream circuit from burning out due to excessively high VCC.

[0049] The adaptive power supply circuit provided in this embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:

[0050] 1. Automatically identifies lithium batteries and dry cell batteries without requiring main chip detection;

[0051] 2. When a lithium battery is identified, the series circuit is automatically switched to a parallel circuit to prevent higher voltage batteries from being connected in series and thus burning out the subsequent circuits.

[0052] 3. Series-parallel switching can be achieved without changing the structure; implementation is simple and the cost increase is small.

[0053] Through the synergistic cooperation of the aforementioned components, the adaptive power supply circuit provided in this embodiment of the invention utilizes the principle that the Zener diode will reverse break down when powered by a lithium battery, thereby controlling the conduction of the first controlled switch. Through hardware circuit design, it can automatically identify whether the current power supply circuit is powered by a dry cell battery or a lithium battery, and automatically switch the series and parallel connection relationship of the power supply according to the type of power supply to power the device. This avoids damage to the subsequent circuit due to the user mistakenly inserting a lithium battery, realizes the adaptability of the power supply circuit to different power supplies, improves the user experience, and has low hardware circuit design cost, reducing the cost of the power supply circuit.

[0054] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides an electrical device, including a power supply circuit 101 for an adaptive power supply provided in another embodiment of the invention.

[0055] Specifically, in one embodiment, the aforementioned electrical device is an atomizer, such as a handheld atomizer. Alternatively, the electrical device can also be other devices powered by two dry cell batteries connected in series; this invention is merely an example and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0056] Through the synergistic cooperation of the aforementioned components, the electrical device provided in this embodiment of the invention utilizes the principle that when powered by a lithium battery, the Zener diode will reverse break down to control the conduction of the first controlled switch. Through the design of the hardware circuit, it can automatically identify whether the current power supply circuit is powered by a dry cell battery or a lithium battery, and automatically switch the series and parallel connection relationship of the power supply according to the type of power supply to power the electrical device. This avoids damage to the subsequent circuit due to the user mistakenly inserting a lithium battery, realizes the adaptability of the power supply circuit to different power supplies, improves the user experience, and has low hardware circuit design cost, reducing the cost of the power supply circuit and thus reducing the cost of the electrical device.

[0057] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A power supply circuit for an adaptive power source, the power supply circuit comprising: A first power connection slot and a second power connection slot are used to house a power supply, wherein the power supply is a dry cell battery or a lithium battery. The power supply circuit further includes: a Zener diode, a first controlled switch, and a switching control circuit. The positive terminal of the first power connection slot is connected to the positive terminal of the second power connection slot through the first normally open contact of the switching control circuit, and the negative terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the second power connection slot through the normally closed contact of the switching control circuit. The negative terminal of the first power connection slot is also connected to the negative terminal of the second power connection slot through a second normally open contact; The positive terminal of the Zener diode is connected to the control terminal of the first controlled switch, and the negative terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the second power connection slot. The Zener diode's voltage regulation value is between the supply voltage of a single dry cell battery and a single lithium battery. The control terminal of the switching control circuit is connected to the first terminal of the first controlled switch, so that when the first controlled switch is turned on, the first normally open contact and the second normally open contact are turned on, and the normally closed contact is turned off.

2. The power supply circuit of the adaptive power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching control circuit includes: a double-pole double-throw relay. The first terminal of the first controlled switch is connected to the input terminal of the induction coil of the double-pole double-throw relay.

3. The power supply circuit of the adaptive power supply according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: A diode, wherein the forward terminal of the diode is connected to the output terminal of the induction coil, and the reverse terminal is connected to the input terminal of the induction coil.

4. The power supply circuit of the adaptive power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first controlled switch is an NPN transistor.

5. The power supply circuit of the adaptive power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first controlled switch is an NMOS transistor.

6. The power supply circuit of the adaptive power supply according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: The first resistor has one end connected to the forward terminal of the Zener diode and the other end connected to the control terminal of the NPN transistor.

7. The power supply circuit of the adaptive power supply according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: The second resistor has one end connected to the control terminal of the NMOS transistor and the other end grounded.

8. The power supply circuit for the adaptive power supply according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The positive end of the first power connection slot is connected to the power supply interface of the electrical equipment, and the power supply interface is connected to the second end of the first controlled switch.

9. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, The power supply circuit includes the adaptive power supply as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. The electrical equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that, The electrical device is an atomizer.

Images