A construction tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a kind of construction tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system, including ventilation and smoke exhaust mechanism, one end is arranged at the opening of tunnel and is communicated with first fan, the other end is inserted into tunnel and is communicated with air supply pipe on lining trolley, ventilation and smoke exhaust mechanism includes a plurality of flexible air inlet pipe sequentially connected in head and tail, rigid air inlet pipe is arranged between adjacent flexible air inlet pipe, first air valve is arranged on rigid air inlet pipe;Flexible air inlet pipe located in tail end is communicated with second fan, second fan is fixedly installed on lining trolley, air supply pipe is communicated with second fan, second air valve is arranged between second fan and air supply pipe.The present application is when ventilating in tunnel, ventilation area is more extensive, air supply effect is good, and flexibility is high.The present application can quickly send toxic flue gas outside tunnel when tunnel breaks out fire, avoid a large amount of flue gas to spread and settle along tunnel longitudinal direction, and threaten the life of construction personnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a ventilation and smoke extraction system for construction tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] Among the existing ventilation systems in tunnels under construction, two main types are forced ventilation systems and exhaust ventilation systems.

[0003] For forced-air systems, the structure and air supply method are simple. One or more high-power axial flow fans are installed near the tunnel entrance and connected to easily detachable flexible ducts. Fresh air from the outside is directly delivered to the vicinity of the tunnel face construction area through the ducts to create a favorable working environment. This type of air supply system has the following advantages and disadvantages:

[0004] (1) As tunnel excavation progresses, the air supply requirements can be met simply by increasing the length of the detachable flexible duct and the air supply power of the axial flow fan. The air supply fan can be fixed at the tunnel entrance and does not need to be moved as tunnel construction progresses.

[0005] (2) As tunnel construction and excavation progress and the tunnel length increases, the length of the flexible air ducts to be connected also increases. Excessive air supply distance will inevitably increase air supply resistance and fan energy consumption. Moreover, the air velocity will be too low when the air reaches the air supply area after long-distance transportation, which will affect the air supply effect to a certain extent.

[0006] (3) The ventilation methods are relatively simple and the scope of application is small. The existing ventilation systems in tunnels under construction are generally only used to meet the fresh air needs of the construction area near the working face furthest from the tunnel entrance. The polluted air generated will fill the entire tunnel.

[0007] (4) There are significant fire safety hazards. The existing ventilation systems in tunnels under construction only consider the needs for dust dilution and fresh air for workers' breathing during normal tunnel construction. Furthermore, flexible ducts are generally used for cost savings and convenience. For these reasons, the tunnel ventilation system is limited to supply air only, and exhaust air is not possible (if the fans at the tunnel entrance were to exhaust air, the flexible ducts would be "collapsed," preventing air delivery, and workers would still need supply air for breathing). If a fire breaks out during tunnel construction, the existing ventilation system will fail, unable to effectively and promptly remove the toxic, high-temperature smoke generated by the fire. The rapid generation, spread, and settling of smoke pose a fatal threat to workers' escape and causes unforeseen damage to the tunnel structure, resulting in irreparable and enormous losses.

[0008] For exhaust ventilation systems, the fans are placed at the very front of the tunnel construction site (near the tunnel face), directly drawing in dusty, polluted air from inside the tunnel and transporting it outside through flexible ductwork. This type of ventilation has the following advantages and disadvantages:

[0009] (1) It can serve as both a tunnel ventilation and smoke extraction system. During normal tunnel construction, it functions as a ventilation system; in the event of a sudden fire in the tunnel, it can immediately become a smoke extraction system, expelling the large amount of toxic smoke generated from the tunnel and buying time for construction workers to escape. One system serves two purposes, greatly improving the system's practicality.

[0010] (3) It is greatly affected by air leakage, which can easily cause low air pressure and poor air quality in the tunnel.

[0011] (4) Poor flexibility. As tunnel construction progresses, the ventilation fan also needs to be moved forward, which is not convenient.

[0012] (5) Since the exhaust system removes air containing a certain concentration of dust from the tunnel, the performance of the fan may be affected after a long period of operation. Therefore, a construction tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system is urgently needed to solve this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0013] The purpose of this invention is to provide a ventilation and smoke extraction system for construction tunnels to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0014] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0015] A ventilation and smoke extraction system for a construction tunnel includes: a ventilation and smoke extraction mechanism, one end of which is located at the tunnel opening and connected to a first fan, and the other end extending into the tunnel and connected to an air supply pipe on a lining trolley.

[0016] The ventilation and smoke exhaust mechanism includes several flexible air inlet pipes connected end to end, and a rigid air inlet pipe is provided between adjacent flexible air inlet pipes. A first air valve is provided on the rigid air inlet pipe.

[0017] The flexible air inlet pipe at the end is connected to a second fan, which is fixedly installed on the lining trolley. The air supply pipe is connected to the second fan, and a second air valve is provided between the second fan and the air supply pipe.

[0018] Preferably, adjacent flexible air inlet pipes are connected by a rigid air inlet pipe, the rigid air inlet pipe is fixed to the top surface of the tunnel, the bottom end of the rigid air inlet pipe is provided with an air outlet, and the first air valve is fixedly installed on the air outlet and connected to the rigid air inlet pipe.

[0019] Preferably, one end of the flexible air inlet pipe at the end is connected to a rigid connecting pipe, and the other end of the rigid connecting pipe is connected to the second fan.

[0020] Preferably, a dust purification mechanism is fixedly installed on the lining trolley.

[0021] Preferably, the dust purification mechanism includes several outer shells fixedly installed on the lining trolley, and the several outer shells are respectively fixed to the working platform of the lining trolley. Both ends of the outer shells are open, and a purification structure is provided inside the outer shells.

[0022] Preferably, the purification structure includes support frames that are fixedly installed at both ends of the outer shell, a first motor is fixedly connected to the middle position of the support frame, and fan blades are fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor, with the two fan blades having the same airflow direction.

[0023] The outer casing is provided with a first filter plate and several second filter plates, which are arranged sequentially along the wind direction.

[0024] Preferably, the top of the outer casing has several insertion holes, and several baffle groups are fixedly connected to the two opposite inner sidewalls of the outer casing. Adjacent baffle groups on different sidewalls are arranged opposite each other, and the adjacent baffle groups on different sidewalls are vertically corresponding to the insertion holes. Each baffle group includes two vertical baffles fixed to the inner sidewall of the outer casing, with a gap between the two baffles. The gap is vertically corresponding to the insertion holes. The first filter plate and several second filter plates are inserted into the gap through the insertion holes.

[0025] Preferably, a cleaning assembly is provided on the side of the first filter plate near the support frame. The cleaning assembly includes a collection box vertically slidably connected to the outer shell. A nut is fixed to the bottom surface of the collection box. The nut is located at one end of the collection box. A lead screw is threaded to the nut. The top end of the lead screw passes through the collection box and is fixed to the output shaft of a second motor. The second motor is fixed to the top end of the outer shell. A worm gear is rotatably connected inside the collection box. The worm gear meshes with the lead screw. A cleaning roller is coaxially fixed to the worm gear. The axis of the cleaning roller is perpendicular to the axis of the lead screw. The outer side wall of the cleaning roller is in frictional contact with the first filter plate. The cleaning roller is rotatably connected inside the collection box.

[0026] The dust collection box has a dust collection chamber on the side away from the first filter plate. A filter screen is fixedly installed at the bottom of the dust collection chamber, and a negative pressure fan is connected to the bottom of the dust collection chamber.

[0027] The bottom of the outer casing is provided with an outlet, and an end cap is detachably connected to the outlet. The outlet is adapted to the collection box.

[0028] A method for using a ventilation and smoke extraction system for a construction tunnel includes:

[0029] During normal ventilation: the first and second fans rotate forward, and several first air valves are closed, allowing outside air to enter the tunnel face and the lining trolley.

[0030] When a fire occurs: the fire occurs between the tunnel face and the lining trolley. At this time, the first and second fans will reverse and the first air valve will be closed to extract the smoke.

[0031] The fire occurred between the lining trolley and the tunnel exit. At this time, the first air valve above the fire area was opened, the other first air valves and the second air valve were closed, the second fan stopped, and the first fan reversed to extract the smoke.

[0032] The present invention has the following technical effects:

[0033] (1) During normal construction of the tunnel under construction, the system supplies fresh air to the tunnel face, the lining trolley construction area, and other areas of the tunnel requiring fresh air. This effectively dilutes harmful dust generated within the tunnel while providing fresh air and creating a favorable construction environment for workers. As tunnel construction progresses, the second fan can move along with the lining trolley, only requiring a change in the length of the flexible air inlet duct. Compared to the existing ventilation system for the tunnel under construction, this system offers a wider ventilation area, better air delivery, and greater flexibility.

[0034] (2) In the event of a sudden fire in a tunnel under construction, this system can be used to quickly expel the large amount of toxic smoke generated by the fire from the tunnel, preventing the smoke from spreading and settling longitudinally along the tunnel and threatening the lives of construction workers, thus giving them sufficient time to escape. Compared with the original ventilation system, this system can be applied to fires occurring at various locations in the tunnel and is highly practical.

[0035] The purpose of this invention is to effectively ensure the construction safety, quality and efficiency of tunnels under construction, and to reduce losses caused by sudden accidents. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the dust purification mechanism of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a left view of the dust purification mechanism of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collection box of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the regional personalized air supply process in this invention;

[0042] The components are as follows: 1. Air inlet; 2. First fan; 3. Flexible air inlet duct; 4. Rigid air inlet duct; 5. First air valve; 6. Rigid connecting pipe; 7. Second fan; 8. Air supply duct; 9. Lining trolley; 10. Dust purification mechanism; 11. Second air valve; 101. Outer shell; 102. Support frame; 103. Fan blade; 104. First motor; 105. Baffle bar; 106. First filter plate; 107. Second filter plate; 108. Second motor; 109. Lead screw; 1010. Nut; 1011. Negative pressure fan; 1012. Cleaning roller; 1013. Filter screen; 1014. Collection box; 1015. Worm gear. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0045] Reference Figures 1 to 5 This invention provides a ventilation and smoke extraction system for construction tunnels, comprising: a ventilation and smoke extraction mechanism, one end of which is located at the tunnel opening and connected to a first fan 2, and the other end extending into the tunnel and connected to an air supply pipe 8 on a lining trolley 9.

[0046] The ventilation and smoke exhaust mechanism includes several flexible air inlet pipes 3 connected end to end, and a rigid air inlet pipe 4 is provided between adjacent flexible air inlet pipes 3. A first air valve 5 is provided on the rigid air inlet pipe 4.

[0047] The flexible air inlet pipe 3 at the end is connected to the second fan 7. The second fan 7 is fixedly installed on the lining trolley 9. The air supply pipe 8 is connected to the second fan 7. A second air valve 11 is provided between the second fan 7 and the air supply pipe 8.

[0048] The function of the flexible air inlet pipe 3 is to reduce installation difficulty and production cost. By connecting two adjacent flexible air inlet pipes 3 with the rigid air inlet pipe 4, it is possible to avoid the air pressure inside the flexible air inlet pipe 3 dropping when exhausting air to the outside of the tunnel, and the flexible air inlet pipe 3 drying out and becoming blocked due to negative pressure.

[0049] The scheme is further optimized so that adjacent flexible air inlet pipes 3 are connected by rigid air inlet pipes 4. The rigid air inlet pipes 4 are fixed to the top surface of the tunnel. An air inlet is opened at the bottom end of the rigid air inlet pipes 4. The first air valve 5 is fixedly installed on the air inlet and connected to the rigid air inlet pipes 4.

[0050] The scheme is further optimized so that the flexible air inlet pipe 3 at the end is connected to one end of the rigid connecting pipe 6, and the other end of the rigid connecting pipe 6 is connected to the second fan 7.

[0051] The scheme has been further optimized, and a dust purification mechanism 10 is fixedly installed on the lining trolley 9.

[0052] Further optimization of the scheme: the dust purification mechanism 10 includes several outer shells 101 fixedly installed on the lining trolley 9. The several outer shells 101 are respectively fixed to the working platform of the lining trolley 9. Both ends of the outer shells 101 are open. A purification structure is provided inside the outer shells 101.

[0053] The outer shell 101 is fixedly installed on the manual operation platform on the lining trolley 9. The specific installation position and quantity can be adjusted according to actual needs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0054] An air supply duct 8 is used between the working face and the second fan 7. The air supply duct 8 is a rigid duct. The connection between the second fan 7 and the first fan 2 is composed of a flexible air inlet duct 3 and a rigid air inlet duct 4. This is mainly to reduce costs and facilitate disassembly and installation during construction without affecting the normal operation of the system.

[0055] The purification structure is further optimized by including support frames 102 fixedly installed at both ends of the outer shell 101, a first motor 104 fixedly connected to the middle position of the support frame 102, and fan blades 103 fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor 104, with the two fan blades 103 having the same airflow direction.

[0056] The outer casing 101 is provided with a first filter plate 106 and a plurality of second filter plates 107, which are arranged sequentially along the wind direction.

[0057] The first motor 104 drives the fan blades 103 to rotate, thereby allowing the air containing smoke and dust to enter the outer casing 101. After being purified by the first filter plate 106 and several second filter plates 107, the air is discharged again. The smoke and dust are adsorbed on the first filter plate 106 and the second filter plates 107. The first filter plate 106 is preferably a dust-proof plate, and the second filter plates 107 are preferably activated carbon adsorption plates.

[0058] In a further optimized design, the top of the outer casing 101 has several insertion holes. Several baffle groups are fixedly connected to the two opposing inner sidewalls of the outer casing 101. Adjacent baffle groups on different sidewalls are arranged opposite each other, and their vertical alignment corresponds to the insertion holes. Each baffle group includes two vertically fixed baffles 105 on the inner sidewall of the outer casing 101, with a gap between them. This gap corresponds vertically to the insertion holes. The first filter plate 106 and several second filter plates 107 are inserted into the gap through the insertion holes. The first filter plate 106 and the second filter plates 107 are detachably connected for easy replacement.

[0059] In a further optimized design, a cleaning assembly is provided on the side of the first filter plate 106 near the support frame 102. The cleaning assembly includes a collection box 1014 vertically slidably connected inside the outer casing 101. A nut 1010 is fixed to the bottom surface of the collection box 1014. The nut 1010 is located at one end of the collection box 1014. A lead screw 109 is threadedly connected to the nut 1010. The top end of the lead screw 109 passes through the collection box 1014 and is fixed to the output shaft of a second motor 108. The second motor 108 is fixed to the top end of the outer casing 101. A worm gear 1015 is rotatably connected inside the collection box 1014. The worm gear 1015 meshes with the lead screw 109. A cleaning roller 1012 is coaxially fixed to the worm gear 1015. The axis of the cleaning roller 1012 is perpendicular to the axis of the lead screw 109. The outer wall of the cleaning roller 1012 is in frictional contact with the first filter plate 106. The cleaning roller 1012 is rotatably connected inside the collection box 1014.

[0060] A dust collection chamber is provided on the side of the collection box 1014 away from the first filter plate 106. A filter screen 1013 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the dust collection chamber, and a negative pressure fan 1011 is connected to the bottom of the dust collection chamber.

[0061] The bottom of the outer casing 101 is provided with an outlet, and an end cap is detachably connected to the outlet. The outlet is compatible with the collection box 1014.

[0062] The second motor 108 drives the lead screw 109 to rotate, which in turn drives the collection box 1014 to move up and down. At the same time, the lead screw 109 drives the worm gear 1015 inside the collection box 1014 to rotate, which in turn drives the cleaning roller 1012 to clean the surface of the first filter plate 106. The negative pressure fan 1011 causes the cleaned dust to enter the dust collection chamber, preventing excessive dust accumulation on the surface of the first filter plate 106, which would affect purification.

[0063] Reference Figure 5The distribution of the flexible air duct inside the lining trolley in this invention is shown in the figure. The upper flexible air duct is fixed to the top of the upper manual operation platform. The middle of the upper flexible air duct is connected to the second fan 7. A third air valve is provided between the second fan 7 and the upper flexible air duct. Several air outlet holes are opened at the bottom of the upper flexible air duct along the length of the upper flexible air duct for ventilation of the upper manual operation platform.

[0064] Both ends of the upper flexible duct pass through the door beam and are connected to the lower flexible duct. The lower flexible duct is fixed to the bottom of the door beam. The two ends of the lower flexible duct are open and face the lower manual work platform to ventilate the lower manual work platform.

[0065] Since the air supply ducts laid on the lining trolley only function during normal construction air supply and are ineffective in the event of a fire, flexible air ducts are used to save costs and facilitate installation and disassembly. This invention uses two check valves with different opening methods. It is important to pay attention to their function in the two different work processes of air supply and smoke exhaust to avoid errors during installation. Otherwise, it will not only fail to achieve the desired positive effect but will also be detrimental to tunnel construction safety.

[0066] A method for using a ventilation and smoke extraction system for a construction tunnel includes:

[0067] During normal ventilation: the first fan 2 and the second fan 7 rotate forward, and several first air valves 5 are closed, allowing outside air to enter the tunnel face and the lining trolley 9.

[0068] When a fire occurs: the fire occurs between the tunnel face and the lining trolley 9. At this time, the first fan 2 and the second fan 7 are reversed, the first air valve 5 and the third air valve are closed, and the smoke is extracted.

[0069] The fire occurred between the lining trolley 9 and the tunnel exit. At this time, the first air valve 5 above the fire area was opened, while the other first air valves 5, third air valves, and second air valve 11 were closed. The second fan 7 stopped, and the first fan 2 reversed to extract the smoke. The second air valve 11, installed at the connection between the second fan 7 and the lining trolley 9, is open during normal construction ventilation and closed during fire smoke extraction (i.e., open for ventilation, closed for exhaust). The first air valve 5, installed on the rigid air inlet duct 4 between the first fan 2 and the second fan 7, is closed during normal construction, preventing ventilation to this section of the tunnel. This is because this section is not a key construction area, has low dust concentration, and is close to the tunnel entrance; natural ventilation is sufficient for construction requirements. During a fire, the first air valve 5 opens to extract smoke (i.e., open for exhaust, closed for ventilation).

[0070] The first air valve 5, the second air valve 11, and the third air valve are preferably backflow preventers.

[0071] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0072] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation and smoke extraction system for a construction tunnel, comprising: The ventilation and smoke extraction mechanism has one end located at the tunnel opening and connected to a first fan (2), and the other end extending into the tunnel and connected to an air supply pipe (8) on the lining trolley (9), characterized in that: The ventilation and smoke exhaust mechanism includes several flexible air inlet pipes (3) connected end to end, and a rigid air inlet pipe (4) is provided between adjacent flexible air inlet pipes (3). A first air valve (5) is provided on the rigid air inlet pipe (4). The flexible air inlet pipe (3) located at the end is connected to a second fan (7), which is fixedly installed on the lining trolley (9). The air supply pipe (8) is connected to the second fan (7), and a second air valve (11) is provided between the second fan (7) and the air supply pipe (8).

2. The ventilation and smoke extraction system for a construction tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjacent flexible air inlet pipes (3) are connected by the rigid air inlet pipe (4). The rigid air inlet pipe (4) is fixed to the top surface of the tunnel. An air inlet is provided at the bottom end of the rigid air inlet pipe (4). The first air valve (5) is fixedly installed on the air inlet and is connected to the rigid air inlet pipe (4).

3. The ventilation and smoke extraction system for a construction tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible air inlet pipe (3) located at the end is connected to one end of a rigid connecting pipe (6), and the other end of the rigid connecting pipe (6) is connected to the second fan (7).

4. The ventilation and smoke extraction system for a construction tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dust purification mechanism (10) is fixedly installed on the lining trolley (9).

5. A ventilation and smoke extraction system for construction tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dust purification mechanism (10) includes several outer shells (101) fixedly installed on the lining trolley (9). The several outer shells (101) are respectively fixed to the manned operation platform of the lining trolley (9). Both ends of the outer shells (101) are open. A purification structure is provided inside the outer shells (101).

6. A ventilation and smoke extraction system for construction tunnels according to claim 5, characterized in that: The purification structure includes support frames (102) fixedly installed at both ends of the outer shell (101), a first motor (104) is fixedly connected to the middle position of the support frame (102), and a fan blade (103) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor (104), with the two fan blades (103) having the same wind direction. The outer casing (101) is provided with a first filter plate (106) and a plurality of second filter plates (107), which are arranged sequentially along the wind direction.

7. A ventilation and smoke extraction system for construction tunnels according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the outer shell (101) is provided with several insertion holes. Several baffle groups are fixedly connected to the two inner sidewalls of the outer shell (101). Adjacent baffle groups on different sidewalls are arranged opposite each other. Adjacent baffle groups on different sidewalls are arranged vertically and vertically corresponding to the insertion holes. Each baffle group includes two baffles (105) vertically fixed to the inner sidewall of the outer shell (101). A gap is left between the two baffles (105). The gap is arranged vertically and vertically corresponding to the insertion holes. The first filter plate (106) and several second filter plates (107) are inserted into the gap through the insertion holes.

8. A ventilation and smoke extraction system for construction tunnels according to claim 7, characterized in that: A cleaning assembly is provided on the side of the first filter plate (106) near the support frame (102). The cleaning assembly includes a collection box (1014) vertically slidably connected inside the outer casing (101). A nut (1010) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the collection box (1014). The nut (1010) is located at one end of the collection box (1014). The nut (1010) is threadedly connected to a lead screw (109). The top end of the lead screw (109) passes through the collection box (1014) and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of a second motor (108). Two motors (108) are fixed to the top of the outer shell (101). A worm gear (1015) is rotatably connected inside the collection box (1014). The worm gear (1015) meshes with the lead screw (109). A cleaning roller (1012) is coaxially fixed to the worm gear (1015). The axis of the cleaning roller (1012) is perpendicular to the axis of the lead screw (109). The outer side wall of the cleaning roller (1012) is in frictional contact with the first filter plate (106). The cleaning roller (1012) is rotatably connected inside the collection box (1014). The collection box (1014) has a dust collection chamber on the side away from the first filter plate (106). A filter screen (1013) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the dust collection chamber, and a negative pressure fan (1011) is connected to the bottom of the dust collection chamber. The bottom end of the outer shell (101) is provided with an outlet, and an end cap is detachably connected to the outlet. The outlet is adapted to the collection box (1014).

9. A method of using a ventilation and smoke extraction system for a construction tunnel, as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, include: When ventilation is normal: the first fan (2) and the second fan (7) rotate in the forward direction, and several first air valves (5) are closed, allowing outside air to enter the tunnel face and the lining trolley (9); When a fire occurs: the fire occurs between the tunnel face and the lining trolley (9). At this time, the first fan (2) and the second fan (7) are reversed, the first air valve (5) is closed, and the smoke is extracted. The fire occurred between the lining trolley (9) and the tunnel exit. At this time, the first air valve (5) above the fire area was opened, the other first air valves (5) and the second air valve (11) were closed, the second fan (7) stopped, and the first fan (2) was reversed to extract the smoke.

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