A transformer protection device for photovoltaic power generation

Abstract

The application discloses a transformer protection device for photovoltaic power generation, which comprises an anti-overload component arranged on the outer wall of a transformer, wherein the anti-overload component comprises a temperature monitoring component arranged on the outer wall of the transformer and used for measuring the temperature of the transformer in real time, and a circuit breaking component electrically connected with the incoming line end of the transformer and used for controlling the opening or closing of the transformer; the temperature monitoring component is further used for controlling the circuit breaking component, thereby controlling the opening or closing of the transformer; and the mutual cooperation between the above components can realize the opening or closing of the transformer in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of transformer protection technology, and specifically to a transformer protection device for photovoltaic power generation. Background Technology

[0002] A transformer is a device that uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to change alternating current voltage. Its main components are the primary coil, secondary coil, and iron core. In electrical equipment and wireless circuits, it is commonly used for voltage step-up / step-down, impedance matching, and safety isolation. The main functions of a transformer include: voltage transformation, impedance transformation, isolation, voltage stabilization, autotransformer, and high-voltage transformer.

[0003] Photovoltaics is short for solar photovoltaic power generation system. Photovoltaic power generation is a technology that uses the photovoltaic effect generated by the light at the semiconductor interface to convert light energy into electrical energy. Photovoltaic power generation systems can operate independently or be connected to the grid. The electrical energy generated by photovoltaic power generation is converted into low-voltage electricity by an inverter, and then usually needs to be stepped up by a photovoltaic transformer before being transmitted to users.

[0004] Currently, most existing photovoltaic transformers use wires as windings, which can overheat in low-voltage, high-current transmission applications. Transformer overload can affect the transformer's service life. To protect the transformer, a protective device is developed to prevent transformer overload and damage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a protection device for a photovoltaic power generation transformer, which aims to solve the technical problem in the prior art where transformer overload affects service life.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes a transformer protection device for photovoltaic power generation, comprising an overload protection component installed on the outer wall of the transformer. The overload protection component includes a temperature monitoring component installed on the outer wall of the transformer and measuring the temperature of the transformer in real time, and a circuit breaker component electrically connected to the input terminal of the transformer and controlling the opening or closing of the transformer. The temperature monitoring component is also used to control the circuit breaker component, thereby controlling the opening or closing of the transformer.

[0007] The temperature monitoring component includes a housing shell disposed on the outer wall of the transformer. A liquid storage tank is detachably disposed inside the housing shell. The liquid storage tank contains a liquid capable of boiling upon heating. The liquid storage tank includes two symmetrically arranged tank ends, with a tank body between the two tank ends. The tank body includes two support plates and two elastic plates. The elastic plates and support plates are alternately distributed and surround to form a closed loop. The two ends of the closed loop are sealed to the tank ends, so that the tank body forms a sealed liquid storage space. A push-button switch for controlling the operation of the circuit breaker component is provided on the inner wall of the housing shell near the elastic plates. When the liquid in the liquid storage tank has not reached a boiling state, the elastic plates are recessed towards the liquid storage space. A heat-conducting component for transferring the heat of the transformer to the liquid storage tank is provided on the side of the housing shell near the transformer.

[0008] Preferably, the liquid storage tank is detachably disposed within the receiving shell. An opening is provided on the top of the receiving shell for the liquid storage tank to enter into the receiving shell. A cover plate for closing the opening is hinged inside the opening. A plug is connected through the two ends of the tank. A first heat-conducting plate is provided on the bottom wall of the receiving shell. A first heat-conducting pipe is vertically provided on the side of the first heat-conducting plate near the opening. The plug is detachably slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the first heat-conducting pipe. A limiting rod is also provided on the bottom wall of the receiving shell. A positioning plate for inserting into the outer wall of the limiting rod is provided on the side wall of the tank end on the same side as the elastic plate.

[0009] Preferably, the heat-conducting assembly includes a second heat-conducting plate disposed on the side of the housing for contact with the transformer, and the side of the second heat-conducting plate near the housing is connected to the first heat-conducting plate through a third heat-conducting pipe penetrating the side wall of the housing.

[0010] Preferably, a cooling component for reducing the temperature of the liquid storage tank is provided below the housing shell. The cooling component includes a fourth heat-conducting plate disposed below the housing shell. The side of the fourth heat-conducting plate near the housing shell is connected to the first heat-conducting plate through the bottom wall of the housing shell via a second heat-conducting pipe. At least one semiconductor cooling chip is provided on the side of the fourth heat-conducting plate away from the housing shell. The cold end of the semiconductor cooling chip is attached to the fourth heat-conducting plate.

[0011] Preferably, a heat dissipation assembly for dissipating heat from the hot end of the semiconductor cooling chip is further provided below the housing. The heat dissipation assembly includes a ventilation pipe arranged laterally on one side of the hot end of the semiconductor cooling chip. One end of the ventilation pipe is provided with a fan to draw air into the ventilation pipe, and the other end is a closed structure. The end of the ventilation pipe with the fan is provided with a rain shield to prevent rainwater from entering the ventilation pipe. An air outlet hole is formed through the wall of the ventilation pipe facing the semiconductor cooling chip.

[0012] Preferably, the circuit breaker component includes a mounting box, an iron plate on one side of the inner wall of the mounting box, an electromagnet for attracting the iron plate slidably disposed inside the mounting box, at least two guide rods on the side of the iron plate near the electromagnet, one end of each guide rod away from the iron plate passing through the electromagnet and connected to the wall of the mounting box, the guide rods slidingly engaging with the electromagnet, at least one first wire passing through the electromagnet, one end of the first wire located on the side of the electromagnet near the iron plate, the other end passing through the mounting box for connection to the terminals of the transformer, and the iron plate passing through... At least one second wire is provided. One end of the second wire is located on the side of the iron plate near the electromagnet, and the other end passes through the mounting box to be connected to the terminal of the transformer. The end of the first wire near the iron plate is electrically connected to a first conductive plate, and the end of the second wire near the electromagnet is electrically connected to a second conductive plate. A tension spring is provided on the side of the electromagnet away from the iron plate and is connected to the wall of the mounting box. The tension spring is used to drive the electromagnet to move towards the side away from the iron plate. The electromagnet attracts the iron plate so that the first conductive plate and the second conductive plate come into contact and are electrically connected.

[0013] Preferably, the circuit breaker component further includes a time control module, which is connected to the transformer and the electromagnet electrical signals respectively.

[0014] Preferably, a pressure balancing hole is formed through the lower sidewall of the housing.

[0015] In the technical solution of this invention, the heated boiling liquid is stored in a storage space. The overall structure of the storage tank is made of one of Hastelloy, tantalum, and iridium, all of which have good corrosion resistance, preventing the storage tank from being corroded by the liquid stored in the storage space. The storage tank contains only the heated boiling liquid and does not contain air. The heat-conducting components transfer heat from the transformer to the storage tank, causing the liquid inside to absorb heat. When the transformer temperature reaches the boiling point of the heated boiling liquid, the liquid boils, causing the storage space of the tank to expand. After the liquid boils and forms vapor, the expansion of the gas causes the collapsed storage tank to expand back into a cylinder. Simultaneously, the storage space expands... This causes the elastic plate to move away from the liquid storage space, while simultaneously pressing the push switch, which de-energizes the transformer via the circuit breaker. After the liquid storage tank cools down, the vapor diffused in the liquid storage space liquefies upon cooling, and under atmospheric pressure, it pushes the elastic plate towards the liquid storage space, causing the elastic plate to return to its concave state. The elastic plate is thinner than the liquid storage space, allowing atmospheric pressure to directionally compress it. As the elastic plate concaves, it moves away from the push switch, causing the push switch to spring back, which in turn energizes the transformer via the circuit breaker. Through the cooperation of these structures, the transformer can be turned on or off in a timely manner.

[0016] The transformer in this mechanical structure is turned on or off in a way that avoids the problem of temperature sensors being damaged due to prolonged operation in high-temperature environments, and the transformer failing to shut down in time after being overloaded. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overload protection component structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic plate during the expansion of the liquid storage tank according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic plate contraction structure when the liquid storage tank expands according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling component structure of the present invention.

[0022] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0023] 1. Transformer; 2. Housing; 3. Liquid storage tank; 31. Tank end; 32. Support plate; 33. Elastic plate; 4. Push-button switch; 5. Cover plate; 6. Heat-conducting component; 61. Second heat-conducting plate; 62. Third heat-conducting plate; 7. Temperature monitoring component; 8. Circuit breaker component; 81. Mounting box; 82. Electromagnet; 83. Iron plate; 84. Second wire; 85. Second conductive plate; 86. First conductive plate; 87. Tension spring; 88. Guide rod; 89. First wire; 9. First heat-conducting plate; 10. Positioning plate; 11. Limiting rod; 12. First heat-conducting pipe; 13. Insert; 14. Cooling component; 141. Fourth heat-conducting plate; 142. Second heat-conducting pipe; 143. Semiconductor cooling chip; 144. Ventilation pipe; 144a. Air outlet; 145. Fan; 146. Rain shield.

[0024] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0027] Furthermore, in this invention, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0028] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0030] This invention proposes a protection device for a transformer used in photovoltaic power generation.

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4The photovoltaic power generation transformer protection device includes an overload protection component installed on the outer wall of the transformer 1. The overload protection component includes a temperature monitoring component 7 installed on the outer wall of the transformer 1 and measuring the temperature of the transformer 1 in real time, and a circuit breaker component 8 electrically connected to the input terminal of the transformer 1 and controlling the opening or closing of the transformer 1. The temperature monitoring component 7 is also used to control the circuit breaker component 8, thereby controlling the opening or closing of the transformer 1.

[0032] The temperature monitoring component 7 includes a housing 2 disposed on the outer wall of the transformer 1. A liquid storage tank 3 is detachably disposed inside the housing 2. The liquid storage tank 3 contains a liquid that can boil when heated. The liquid storage tank 3 includes two symmetrically arranged tank ends 31, and a tank body is disposed between the two tank ends 31. The tank body includes two support plates 32 and two elastic plates 33. The elastic plates 33 and the support plates 32 are alternately distributed and surround to form a closed loop of the tank body. The two ends of the closed loop of the tank body are sealed to the tank ends 31, so that the tank body forms a sealed liquid storage space. A push switch 4 for controlling the operation of the circuit breaker component 8 is provided on the inner wall of the housing 2 near the elastic plates 33. When the liquid in the liquid storage tank 3 has not reached the boiling state, the elastic plates 33 are recessed towards the side near the liquid storage space. A heat-conducting component 6 for transferring the heat of the transformer 1 to the liquid storage tank 3 is provided on the side of the housing 2 near the transformer 1.

[0033] In the technical solution of this invention, the heated boiling liquid is stored in a storage space. The overall structure of the storage tank 3 adopts one of Hastelloy structural components, tantalum metal structural components, and iridium metal structural components. These metals all have good corrosion resistance, which can prevent the storage tank 3 from being corroded by the liquid stored in the storage space. The storage tank 3 contains only the heated boiling liquid and does not contain air. The heat-conducting component 6 transfers the heat of the transformer 1 to the storage tank 3, causing the liquid in the storage tank 3 to absorb heat. After the temperature of the transformer 1 reaches the boiling point of the heated boiling liquid, the liquid boils, causing the storage space of the storage tank 3 to expand. After the liquid boils and forms vapor, the expansion of the gas will cause the collapsed storage tank 3 to expand and return to a cylinder. The expansion of the storage space will drive the liquid to expand. The elastic plate 33 moves away from the liquid storage space, and at the same time, the elastic plate 33 presses the push switch 4, causing the circuit breaker 8 to control the transformer 1 to disconnect the power. After the liquid storage tank 3 cools down, the vapor diffused in the liquid storage space liquefies upon cooling, and then, under the pressure of atmospheric pressure, it squeezes the elastic plate 33 towards the side closer to the liquid storage space, causing the elastic plate 33 to return to its concave state. The thickness of the elastic plate 33 is thinner than that of the liquid storage tank 33, which allows the atmospheric pressure to directionally squeeze the elastic plate 33. As the elastic plate 33 is concave, it moves away from the push switch 4, causing the push switch 4 to rebound, and then the circuit breaker 8 controls the transformer 1 to be energized and turned on. Through the cooperation between the above structures, the transformer 1 can be turned on or off in a timely manner.

[0034] The transformer 1 in this mechanical structure is turned on or off in a way that avoids the problem of the temperature sensor being damaged due to prolonged operation in a high-temperature environment, and the transformer 1 not being shut down in time after being overloaded.

[0035] Please refer to the appendix. Figure 4 The liquid storage tank 3 is detachably installed inside the housing shell 2. An opening is provided on the top of the housing shell 2 for the liquid storage tank 3 to enter into the housing shell 2. A cover plate 5 for closing the opening is hinged inside the opening. A plug tube 13 is connected through the two tank ends 31. A first heat-conducting plate 9 is provided on the bottom wall of the housing shell 2. A first heat-conducting pipe 12 is vertically provided on the side of the first heat-conducting plate 9 near the opening. The plug tube 13 is detachably slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the first heat-conducting pipe 12. A limiting rod 11 is also provided on the bottom wall of the housing shell 2. A positioning plate 10 for inserting into the outer wall of the limiting rod 11 is provided on the side wall of the tank end 31 on the same side as the elastic plate 33. The positioning plate 10 is inserted into the outer wall of the limiting rod 11 and sleeved on the outer wall of the first heat-conducting pipe 12. Through the cooperation between the two, the position of the liquid storage tank 3 in the housing shell 2 can be limited, thereby keeping the elastic plate 33 facing the press switch 4. The liquid storage tank 3 is detachable, and different heated boiling liquids can be replaced according to the overload temperature of different transformers 1. When the insert 13 is inserted into the outer wall of the first heat-conducting pipe 12, a heat-conducting coating needs to be applied to the inner wall of the insert 13 and the outer wall of the first heat-conducting pipe 12. The side of the first heat-conducting plate 9 away from the housing shell 2 is provided with a heat-conducting layer for contacting the tank end 31. The heat-conducting coating is used to reduce the gap between the first heat-conducting pipe 12 and the insert 13, and the heat-conducting layer is used to reduce the gap between the first heat-conducting plate 9 and the tank end 31, thereby achieving the effect of accelerating the heat conduction speed.

[0036] Liquids that boil upon heating and their boiling points can be listed as follows: Examples of boiling points for various liquids include: diethyl ether 34.6℃, pentane 36.1℃, dichloromethane 39.75℃, carbon disulfide 46.23℃, acetone 56.12℃, chloroform 61.15℃, methanol 64.5℃, tetrahydrofuran 66℃, hexane 68.7℃, trifluoroacetic acid 71.78℃, trichloroethane 74℃, and carbon tetrachloride 76.7℃. 5℃, ethyl acetate 77.112℃, ethanol 78.3℃, butanone 79.64℃, benzene 80.10℃, cyclohexane 80.72℃, acetonitrile 81.60℃, isopropanol 82.40℃, dichloroethane 83.5℃, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether 85.2℃, trichloroethylene 87.19℃, triethylamine 89.6℃, propionitrile 97.35℃, heptane 98.4℃, water 100℃.

[0037] Depending on the transformer power, the overheat protection temperature varies. Therefore, liquids with higher boiling points that boil upon heating can also be selected. Thus, the liquids that boil upon heating and their boiling points can be: nitromethane 101.2℃, dioxane 101.32℃, toluene 110.63℃, nitromethane 114℃, pyridine 115.3℃, ethylenediamine 117.26℃, butanol 117.7℃, acetic acid 118.1℃, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether 124.6℃, and butyl acetate 126℃. 0.11℃, morpholine 128.94℃, chlorobenzene 131.69℃, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether 135.6℃, p-xylene 138.35℃, acetic anhydride 140℃, o-xylene 144.41℃, dimethylformamide 153℃, cyclohexanone 155.65℃, cyclohexanol 161℃, dimethylacetamide 166.1℃, phenol 181.2℃, propylene glycol 187.3℃, dimethyl sulfoxide 189℃, o-cresol 191℃, and dimethylaniline 193℃.

[0038] Please refer to the appendix. Figure 1 and 4 The heat-conducting component 6 includes a second heat-conducting plate 61 disposed on the side of the housing 2 for contact with the transformer 1. The side of the second heat-conducting plate 61 closest to the housing 2 is connected to the first heat-conducting plate 9 through a third heat-conducting pipe penetrating the side wall of the housing 2. The side of the second heat-conducting plate 61 closest to the transformer 1 has a heat-conducting layer to reduce the gap between the second heat-conducting plate 61 and the transformer 1 and accelerate the heat conduction speed between the second heat-conducting plate 61 and the transformer 1. The second heat-conducting plate 61 can conduct the heat of the transformer 1 to the first heat-conducting plate 9 through the third heat-conducting plate 62. The first heat-conducting plate 9 transfers the heat to the liquid storage tank 3 through the first heat-conducting pipe 12, thereby heating the liquid in the liquid storage tank 3.

[0039] Please refer to the appendix. Figure 4 Below the housing 2, a cooling assembly 14 is provided for reducing the temperature of the liquid storage tank 3. The cooling assembly 14 includes a fourth heat-conducting plate 141 disposed below the housing 2. The side of the fourth heat-conducting plate 141 closest to the housing 2 is connected to the first heat-conducting plate 9 through a second heat-conducting pipe 142 penetrating the bottom wall of the housing 2. At least one semiconductor cooling chip 143 is disposed on the side of the fourth heat-conducting plate 141 opposite to the housing 2, and the cold end of the semiconductor cooling chip 143 is attached to the fourth heat-conducting plate 141. When the elastic plate 33 presses the push switch 4 and controls the transformer 1 to cut off the power through the circuit breaker 8, the semiconductor cooling chip 143 is turned on, so that the cooling energy generated by the semiconductor cooling chip 143 is transferred to the first heat-conducting plate 9 through the fourth heat-conducting plate 141 and the second heat-conducting pipe 142 to cool the liquid storage tank 3, so that the vapor in the liquid storage tank 3 is cooled and liquefied to prevent the continuous generation of vapor and the excessive expansion of the liquid storage tank 3, which could lead to an explosion.

[0040] Please refer to the appendix. Figure 4Below the housing 2, a heat dissipation assembly is provided for dissipating heat from the hot end of the thermoelectric cooler 143. The heat dissipation assembly includes a ventilation duct 144 horizontally disposed on one side of the hot end of the thermoelectric cooler 143. One end of the ventilation duct 144 has a fan 145 that draws air into it, while the other end is closed. The end of the ventilation duct 144 with the fan 145 has a rain shield 146 to prevent rainwater from entering. An air outlet 144a is formed through the wall of the ventilation duct 144, facing the thermoelectric cooler 143. Air is drawn into the ventilation duct 144 by the fan 145 and discharged through the air outlet 144a, blowing air onto the hot end of the thermoelectric cooler 143 and accelerating the heat dissipation rate.

[0041] Please refer to the appendix. Figure 1 The circuit breaker component 8 includes a mounting box 81. An iron plate 83 is provided on one side of the inner wall of the mounting box 81. An electromagnet 82 for attracting the iron plate 83 is slidably disposed inside the mounting box 81. At least two guide rods 88 are provided on the side of the iron plate 83 near the electromagnet 82. One end of each guide rod 88, away from the iron plate 83, passes through the electromagnet 82 and connects to the wall of the mounting box 81. The guide rod 88 and the electromagnet 82 are slidably engaged. At least one first wire 89 passes through the electromagnet 82. One end of the first wire 89 is located on the side of the electromagnet 82 near the iron plate 83, and the other end passes through the mounting box 81 to connect to the terminal of the transformer 1. The iron plate 83 has... At least one second wire 84, one end of which is located on the side of the iron plate 83 near the electromagnet 82, and the other end passes through the mounting box 81 to be connected to the terminal of the transformer 1. The end of the first wire 89 near the iron plate 83 is electrically connected to the first conductive plate 86, and the end of the second wire 84 near the electromagnet 82 is electrically connected to the second conductive plate 85. The side of the electromagnet 82 away from the iron plate 83 is provided with a tension spring 87 connected to the wall of the mounting box 81. The tension spring 87 is used to drive the electromagnet 82 to move towards the side away from the iron plate 83. The electromagnet 82 attracts the iron plate 83 so that the first conductive plate 86 and the second conductive plate 85 come into contact and are electrically connected. When the elastic plate 33 moves away from the push switch 4, the electromagnet 82 is energized. The energized electromagnet 82 is attracted to the iron plate 83, and the first conductive plate 86 and the second conductive plate 85 are electrically connected. At the same time, the pull ring is in a stretched state. After the elastic plate 33 presses the push switch 4, the electromagnet 82 is de-energized, and the tension spring 87 releases its elastic potential energy to move the electromagnet 82 away from the iron plate 83, causing the first conductive plate 86 to move away from the second conductive plate 85, thereby de-energizing the transformer 1.

[0042] Please refer to the appendix. Figure 1The circuit breaker component 8 also includes a time control module, which is electrically connected to both the transformer 1 and the electromagnet 82. The time control module presets the power-off time for the transformer 1. After the transformer 1 is de-energized, if the power-off time does not reach the preset value, the transformer 1 will remain closed even if the elastic plate 33 is far from the push-button switch 4. It will only reopen after the power-off time reaches the preset value, preventing the transformer 1 from restarting before its temperature has dropped to a reasonable level due to insufficient power-off time, thus avoiding repeated opening and closing of the transformer 1 in a short period.

[0043] Please refer to the appendix. Figure 1 The lower sidewall of the housing 2 has a pressure balancing hole. The pressure balancing hole is used to balance the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the housing 2.

[0044] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made under the concept of the present invention using the description and drawings of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A protection device for a photovoltaic power generation transformer, characterized in that, It includes an overload protection component installed on the outer wall of the transformer. The overload protection component includes a temperature monitoring component installed on the outer wall of the transformer to measure the temperature of the transformer in real time, and a circuit breaker component electrically connected to the input terminal of the transformer to control the opening or closing of the transformer. The temperature monitoring component is also used to control the circuit breaker component, thereby controlling the opening or closing of the transformer. The temperature monitoring component includes a housing shell disposed on the outer wall of the transformer. A liquid storage tank is detachably disposed inside the housing shell. The liquid storage tank contains a liquid capable of boiling upon heating. The liquid storage tank includes two symmetrically arranged tank ends, with a tank body between the two tank ends. The tank body includes two support plates and two elastic plates. The elastic plates and support plates are alternately distributed and surround to form a closed loop. The two ends of the closed loop are sealed to the tank ends, so that the tank body forms a sealed liquid storage space. A push-button switch for controlling the operation of the circuit breaker component is provided on the inner wall of the housing shell near the elastic plates. When the liquid in the liquid storage tank has not reached a boiling state, the elastic plates are recessed towards the liquid storage space. A heat-conducting component for transferring the heat of the transformer to the liquid storage tank is provided on the side of the housing shell near the transformer.

2. The transformer protection device for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid storage tank is detachably installed inside the housing. An opening is provided on the top of the housing for the liquid storage tank to enter into the housing. A cover plate is hinged inside the opening to close the opening. A tube is connected through the two ends of the tank. A first heat-conducting plate is provided on the bottom wall of the housing. A first heat-conducting pipe is vertically provided on the side of the first heat-conducting plate near the opening. The tube is detachably slidably fitted on the outer wall of the first heat-conducting pipe. A limiting rod is also provided on the bottom wall of the housing. A positioning plate is provided on the side wall of the tank end, on the same side as the elastic plate, for insertion into the outer wall of the limiting rod.

3. The transformer protection device for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heat-conducting assembly includes a second heat-conducting plate disposed on the side of the housing for contact with the transformer. The side of the second heat-conducting plate closest to the housing is connected to the first heat-conducting plate through a third heat-conducting pipe that passes through the side wall of the housing.

4. The transformer protection device for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The receiving shell is provided with a cooling component for reducing the temperature of the liquid storage tank. The cooling component includes a fourth heat-conducting plate disposed below the receiving shell. The side of the fourth heat-conducting plate near the receiving shell is connected to the first heat-conducting plate through the bottom wall of the receiving shell via a second heat-conducting pipe. The side of the fourth heat-conducting plate away from the receiving shell is provided with at least one semiconductor cooling chip. The cold end of the semiconductor cooling chip is attached to the fourth heat-conducting plate.

5. The transformer protection device for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 4, characterized in that, Below the housing, there is a heat dissipation assembly for dissipating heat from the hot end of the semiconductor cooling chip. The heat dissipation assembly includes a ventilation pipe horizontally arranged on one side of the hot end of the semiconductor cooling chip. One end of the ventilation pipe is equipped with a fan that draws air into the ventilation pipe, and the other end is a closed structure. The end of the ventilation pipe with the fan is equipped with a rain shield to prevent rainwater from entering the ventilation pipe. An air outlet hole is formed through the wall of the ventilation pipe and faces the semiconductor cooling chip.

6. The transformer protection device for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circuit breaker component includes a mounting box. An iron plate is provided on one side of the inner wall of the mounting box. An electromagnet for attracting the iron plate is slidably mounted inside the mounting box. At least two guide rods are provided on the side of the iron plate near the electromagnet. The end of each guide rod away from the iron plate passes through the electromagnet and is connected to the box wall. The guide rods and the electromagnet are in slidable engagement. At least one first wire passes through the electromagnet. One end of the first wire is located on the side of the electromagnet near the iron plate, and the other end passes through the mounting box to connect to the transformer's terminals. At least one second wire passes through the iron plate. One end of the second wire is located on the side of the iron plate near the electromagnet, and the other end passes through the mounting box to connect to the transformer's terminals. The end of the first wire near the iron plate is electrically connected to a first conductive plate, and the end of the second wire near the electromagnet is electrically connected to a second conductive plate. A tension spring is provided on the side of the electromagnet away from the iron plate and is connected to the box wall. The tension spring is used to move the electromagnet towards the side away from the iron plate, attracting the electromagnet to the iron plate, so that the first and second conductive plates come into contact and become electrically connected.

7. The transformer protection device for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The circuit breaker also includes a time control module, which is connected to the transformer and the electromagnet's electrical signals respectively.

8. The transformer protection device for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pressure balance hole is formed through the lower side wall of the housing.

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