A drive cylinder, an accumulator and a circuit breaker operating mechanism

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of high-voltage switch energy storage operating devices, and particularly relates to a driving cylinder, an energy accumulator and a circuit breaker operating mechanism. The circuit breaker operating mechanism comprises the energy accumulator, the energy accumulator comprises the driving cylinder, the driving cylinder comprises a cylinder body and a piston arranged in the cylinder body, a piston rod is connected to the piston, the piston rod extends out of the cylinder body and is connected with an energy storage part, a sealing ring is arranged on the piston, the piston, the sealing ring and the cylinder body form a rodless cavity, an oil inlet is arranged on the wall of the rodless cavity, the oil inlet is connected with a high-pressure oil path, high-pressure oil is filled into the rodless cavity to push the piston to move, a pressure relief channel is further arranged on the cylinder body, the position of the pressure relief channel satisfies that when the piston moves to the position where the energy accumulator reaches the designed maximum pressure, the pressure relief channel is located outside the rodless cavity and does not communicate with the rodless cavity under the blockage of the sealing ring, when the piston moves to the position where the energy accumulator exceeds the designed maximum pressure, the pressure relief channel communicates with the rodless cavity to realize the pressure relief of the rodless cavity, and the pressure relief prevents the pressure from being too high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of high-voltage switch energy storage operating devices, and in particular relates to a drive cylinder, an accumulator and a circuit breaker operating mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] The accumulator is the core component of the hydraulic operating mechanism. During operation, the accumulator stores energy by compressing gas or springs through the drive cylinder of the hydraulic mechanism. When the operating mechanism receives the commands for opening, closing, and automatic reclosing, it releases the stored energy to drive the circuit breaker body to perform opening, closing, and automatic reclosing operations.

[0003] Currently, accumulators used in hydraulic operating mechanisms have the following main problems: when the energy storage pressure reaches the design pressure value, if the energy storage control system malfunctions and cannot cut off the energy storage circuit in time, the hydraulic system pressure will continue to rise, causing damage to hydraulic system parts or high-pressure oil leakage, which may endanger personnel safety. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a drive cylinder to solve the technical problem in the prior art where the accumulator cannot stop pressurizing after exceeding the design maximum pressure value, which leads to damage to hydraulic system parts and injury to workers; the purpose of this invention is also to provide an accumulator using the above-mentioned drive cylinder and a circuit breaker operating mechanism.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution for the drive cylinder provided by this invention is as follows:

[0006] A drive cylinder includes a cylinder body and a piston disposed within the cylinder body. A piston rod is connected to the piston and extends out of the cylinder body. A sealing ring is disposed on the piston. The piston, the sealing ring, and the cylinder body form a rodless cavity. An oil inlet is provided on the wall of the cylinder body surrounding the rodless cavity. The oil inlet is used to connect to a high-pressure oil circuit so that the piston can be driven by filling the rodless cavity with high-pressure oil. The cylinder body also has a pressure relief channel. The position of the pressure relief channel satisfies the following conditions: when the piston moves to the designed maximum stroke, the pressure relief channel is located outside the rodless cavity and is not connected to the rodless cavity due to the obstruction of the sealing ring; when the piston moves beyond the maximum designed stroke, the pressure relief channel connects to the rodless cavity to relieve pressure in the rodless cavity.

[0007] The beneficial effects are as follows: By setting a pressure relief channel on the cylinder and specially designing the position of the pressure relief channel, the piston can move to the set position when the hydraulic system is working normally, so that the accumulator reaches the designed maximum energy storage pressure. At this time, the pressure relief channel is not connected to the rodless chamber, ensuring that the accumulator can reach the designed maximum energy storage pressure. If the energy storage control system fails to cut off the energy storage circuit due to an abnormality, the piston will continue to move. At this time, the pressure relief channel will connect to the rodless chamber to release the constant high pressure oil in the rodless chamber, avoiding the piston from continuing to move and causing damage to hydraulic system parts or high pressure oil leakage that could cause personal injury.

[0008] As a further improvement, the inner wall of the cylinder has an annular groove structure. The diameter and axial dimension of the annular groove structure are larger than the diameter and axial dimension of the sealing ring in its free state, so that when the piston moves to a position exceeding the designed maximum stroke, the sealing ring can enter the annular groove structure and open. The pressure relief channel is opened on the groove wall of the annular groove structure or on the cavity wall of the cylinder located on the side of the annular groove structure opposite to the rodless cavity.

[0009] The beneficial effects are: by setting up an annular groove structure, when the piston moves to a position where the accumulator exceeds the design maximum pressure, the sealing ring opens within the annular groove structure, thereby destroying the sealing structure and ensuring that the constant high-pressure oil in the rodless chamber can enter the pressure relief channel at a faster speed, achieving faster pressure relief.

[0010] As a further improvement, the pressure relief channel is formed on the circumferential sidewall of the annular groove structure.

[0011] The beneficial effect is that by opening the pressure relief channel on the axial side wall of the annular groove structure, it is easier for the constant pressure oil to flow into the pressure relief channel more smoothly.

[0012] As a further improvement, the cylinder chamber includes a large-diameter section and a small-diameter section. The piston is fitted with the small-diameter section, and the port of the large-diameter section is closed by a sealing end cap. The sealing end cap and the wall of the large-diameter section fit together to form the annular groove structure. The piston rod extends out of the cylinder body through a sliding sealing fit with the sealing end cap.

[0013] The beneficial effect is that by setting a large-diameter section on the pressure relief cylinder body and forming an annular groove structure by fitting the sealing end cap with the large-diameter section, the annular groove structure is made easier to form.

[0014] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution for the energy storage device provided by this invention is as follows:

[0015] An accumulator includes a drive cylinder, which comprises a cylinder body and a piston disposed within the cylinder body. A piston rod is connected to the piston, extending out of the cylinder body and connected to an energy storage spring or an energy storage device. A sealing ring is provided on the piston. The piston, the sealing ring, and the cylinder body form a rodless cavity. An oil inlet is provided on the wall of the cylinder body forming the rodless cavity, and the oil inlet is connected to a high-pressure oil circuit to drive the piston by injecting high-pressure oil into the rodless cavity. A pressure relief channel is also provided on the cylinder body. The position of the pressure relief channel satisfies the following conditions: when the piston moves to the point where the accumulator reaches its designed maximum pressure, the pressure relief channel is located outside the rodless cavity and is not connected to the rodless cavity due to the obstruction of the sealing ring; when the piston moves to the point where the accumulator exceeds its designed maximum pressure, the pressure relief channel connects to the rodless cavity to relieve pressure in the rodless cavity.

[0016] The beneficial effects are as follows: By setting a pressure relief channel on the cylinder and specially designing the position of the pressure relief channel, the piston can move to the set position when the hydraulic system is working normally, so that the accumulator reaches the designed maximum energy storage pressure. At this time, the pressure relief channel is not connected to the rodless chamber, ensuring that the accumulator can reach the designed maximum energy storage pressure. If the energy storage control system fails to cut off the energy storage circuit due to an abnormality, the piston will continue to move. At this time, the pressure relief channel will connect to the rodless chamber to release the constant high pressure oil in the rodless chamber, avoiding the piston from continuing to move and causing damage to hydraulic system parts or high pressure oil leakage that could cause personal injury.

[0017] As a further improvement, the inner wall of the cylinder has an annular groove structure. The diameter and axial dimension of the annular groove structure are larger than the diameter and axial dimension of the sealing ring in its free state, so that when the piston moves to a position exceeding the designed maximum stroke, the sealing ring can enter the annular groove structure and open. The pressure relief channel is opened on the groove wall of the annular groove structure or on the cavity wall of the cylinder located on the side of the annular groove structure opposite to the rodless cavity.

[0018] The beneficial effects are: by setting up an annular groove structure, when the piston moves to a position where the accumulator exceeds the design maximum pressure, the sealing ring opens within the annular groove structure, thereby destroying the sealing structure and ensuring that the constant high-pressure oil in the rodless chamber can enter the pressure relief channel at a faster speed, achieving faster pressure relief.

[0019] As a further improvement, the pressure relief channel is formed on the circumferential sidewall of the annular groove structure.

[0020] The beneficial effect is that by opening the pressure relief channel on the axial side wall of the annular groove structure, it is easier for the constant pressure oil to flow into the pressure relief channel more smoothly.

[0021] As a further improvement, the cylinder chamber includes a large-diameter section and a small-diameter section. The piston is fitted with the small-diameter section, and the port of the large-diameter section is closed by a sealing end cap. The sealing end cap and the wall of the large-diameter section fit together to form the annular groove structure. The piston rod extends out of the cylinder body through a sliding sealing fit with the sealing end cap.

[0022] The beneficial effect is that by setting a large-diameter section on the pressure relief cylinder body and forming an annular groove structure by fitting the sealing end cap with the large-diameter section, the annular groove structure is made easier to form.

[0023] As a further improvement, the accumulator also includes a low-pressure oil tank, the oil inlet is connected to the low-pressure oil tank through a high-pressure oil circuit, a pump is installed on the high-pressure oil circuit to pump the oil in the low-pressure oil tank to the rodless chamber, and the pressure relief channel is connected to the low-pressure oil tank through a pressure relief pipeline.

[0024] The beneficial effects are: the oil inlet and the pressure relief channel share a low-pressure oil tank, which enables the recovery of the high-pressure oil flowing out during pressure relief while ensuring that the accumulator has the simplest possible structure.

[0025] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the circuit breaker operating mechanism provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0026] A circuit breaker operating mechanism includes an accumulator, which includes a drive cylinder. The drive cylinder includes a cylinder body and a piston disposed within the cylinder body. A piston rod is connected to the piston, extending out of the cylinder body and connected to an energy storage spring or an energy storage device. A sealing ring is provided on the piston. The piston, the sealing ring, and the cylinder body form a rodless cavity. An oil inlet is provided on the wall of the cylinder body forming the rodless cavity, and the oil inlet is connected to a high-pressure oil circuit to drive the piston by injecting high-pressure oil into the rodless cavity. A pressure relief channel is also provided on the cylinder body. The position of the pressure relief channel satisfies the following conditions: when the piston moves to the point where the accumulator reaches its designed maximum pressure, the pressure relief channel is located outside the rodless cavity and is not connected to the rodless cavity due to the obstruction of the sealing ring; when the piston moves to the point where the accumulator exceeds its designed maximum pressure, the pressure relief channel connects to the rodless cavity to relieve pressure in the rodless cavity.

[0027] The beneficial effects are as follows: By setting a pressure relief channel on the cylinder body and specially designing the position of the pressure relief channel, when the hydraulic system is working normally, the piston can move to the set position, so that the accumulator reaches the designed maximum energy storage pressure. At this time, the pressure relief channel is not connected to the rodless chamber, ensuring that the accumulator can reach the designed maximum energy storage pressure. Then, if the energy storage control system cannot cut off the energy storage circuit due to an abnormality, the piston will continue to move. At this time, the pressure relief channel will connect to the rodless chamber to release the constant high pressure oil in the rodless chamber, avoiding the piston from continuing to move and causing damage to hydraulic system parts or high pressure oil leakage that could cause personal injury.

[0028] As a further improvement, the inner wall of the cylinder has an annular groove structure. The diameter and axial dimension of the annular groove structure are larger than the diameter and axial dimension of the sealing ring in its free state, so that when the piston moves to a position exceeding the designed maximum stroke, the sealing ring can enter the annular groove structure and open. The pressure relief channel is opened on the groove wall of the annular groove structure or on the cavity wall of the cylinder located on the side of the annular groove structure opposite to the rodless cavity.

[0029] The beneficial effects are: by setting up an annular groove structure, when the piston moves to a position where the accumulator exceeds the design maximum pressure, the sealing ring opens within the annular groove structure, thereby destroying the sealing structure and ensuring that the constant high-pressure oil in the rodless chamber can enter the pressure relief channel at a faster speed, achieving faster pressure relief.

[0030] As a further improvement, the pressure relief channel is formed on the circumferential sidewall of the annular groove structure.

[0031] The beneficial effect is that by opening the pressure relief channel on the axial side wall of the annular groove structure, it is easier for the constant pressure oil to flow into the pressure relief channel more smoothly.

[0032] As a further improvement, the cylinder chamber includes a large-diameter section and a small-diameter section. The piston is fitted with the small-diameter section, and the port of the large-diameter section is closed by a sealing end cap. The sealing end cap and the wall of the large-diameter section fit together to form the annular groove structure. The piston rod extends out of the cylinder body through a sliding sealing fit with the sealing end cap.

[0033] The beneficial effect is that by setting a large-diameter section on the pressure relief cylinder body and forming an annular groove structure by fitting the sealing end cap with the large-diameter section, the annular groove structure is made easier to form.

[0034] As a further improvement, the accumulator also includes a low-pressure oil tank, the oil inlet is connected to the low-pressure oil tank through a high-pressure oil circuit, a pump is installed on the high-pressure oil circuit to pump the oil in the low-pressure oil tank to the rodless chamber, and the pressure relief channel is connected to the low-pressure oil tank through a pressure relief pipeline.

[0035] The beneficial effects are: the oil inlet and the pressure relief channel share a low-pressure oil tank, which enables the recovery of the high-pressure oil flowing out during pressure relief while ensuring that the accumulator has the simplest possible structure. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a partial structural diagram of the accumulator in Embodiment 1 of the circuit breaker operating mechanism of the present invention.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0038] 1. Low-pressure oil tank; 2. Cylinder block; 3. Piston; 4. Piston rod; 5. Energy storage spring; 6. Sealing ring; 7. Rodless chamber; 8. Pressure relief channel; 9. Pressure relief pipeline; 10. Sealing end cap; 11. Annular groove structure. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the invention and are not intended to limit the invention; that is, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0040] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0041] It should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, terms such as "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the process or method that includes said element.

[0042] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0043] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "provided with" should be interpreted broadly. For example, the object "provided with" can be a part of the main body, or it can be separately arranged from the main body and connected to the main body. This connection can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention through specific circumstances.

[0044] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0045] The specific embodiment 1 of the circuit breaker operating mechanism provided by the present invention is described in this embodiment, taking the energy storage element as an energy storage spring as an example.

[0046] Circuit breaker operating mechanisms include accumulators, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the accumulator includes a drive cylinder and a low-pressure oil tank 1. The drive cylinder includes a cylinder body 2 and a piston 3 disposed within the cylinder body 2. One end of the piston 3 is connected to a piston rod 4, and the other end of the piston rod 4 extends out of the cylinder body 2 and is connected to an energy storage spring 5. A sealing ring 6 is provided on the piston 3. The cylinder body 2, piston 3, and sealing ring 6 form a rodless cavity 7. An oil inlet (not shown in the figure) is provided on the portion of the cylinder body 2 that forms the rodless cavity 7. The oil inlet is connected to the low-pressure oil tank 1 through a high-pressure pipeline, and a pump is installed on the high-pressure pipeline. During operation, the pump pumps the oil in the low-pressure oil tank 1 into the rodless cavity 7 to drive the piston 3 to move, thereby pushing the piston rod 4 to compress the energy storage spring 5 to achieve energy storage.

[0047] To prevent the energy storage control system from malfunctioning and failing to promptly disconnect the energy storage circuit, a pressure relief channel 8 is provided on the cylinder 2, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the pressure relief channel 8, located away from the rodless chamber, is connected to the low-pressure oil tank 1 via the pressure relief pipeline 9. When the piston 3 moves to a position where the accumulator exceeds the design maximum pressure, the pressure relief channel 8 connects to the rodless chamber 7 to release the high-pressure oil in the rodless chamber 7 into the low-pressure oil tank 1, thereby achieving pressure relief and preventing damage to hydraulic system components due to continuous pressurization or personal injury to workers caused by high-pressure oil leakage.

[0048] Specifically, the inner cavity of cylinder 2 includes a large-diameter section and a small-diameter section. The diameter of the small-diameter section is d1, and the diameter of the large-diameter section is d2. Piston 3 mates with the small-diameter section, and a sealing end cap 10 is sealed at the end of the large-diameter section. The sealing end cap 10 mates with the wall of the large-diameter section to form an annular groove structure 11. Piston rod 4 slides and seals with the sealing end cap 10, extending out from the sealing end cap. During operation, the hydraulic system injects high-pressure oil into the rodless chamber 7. The high-pressure oil pushes piston 3 towards the position of energy storage spring 5, compressing the energy storage spring 5 to store energy. When the energy storage spring 5 reaches the designed maximum stored energy, the pressure in the rodless chamber 7 reaches the designed maximum pressure. At this time, piston 3 reaches the designed maximum stroke. When the stroke of piston 3 is greater than the designed maximum stroke, sealing ring 6 enters the annular groove structure 11. The radial dimension of the annular groove structure 11 is greater than the radial dimension of sealing ring 6 in its free state, and the axial dimension of the annular groove structure 11 is greater than the radial dimension of sealing ring 6 in its free state. The size is larger than the axial dimension of the sealing ring 6. This way, after the sealing ring 6 enters the annular groove structure 11, the sealing ring 6 is no longer constrained by the cylinder body 2 and can open, causing the sealing structure to be destroyed. The pressure relief channel 8 is opened on the circumferential side wall of the annular groove structure 11. At this time, the high pressure oil in the rodless chamber 7 can be discharged to the low pressure oil tank 1 through the annular groove structure 11, the pressure relief channel 8, and the pressure relief pipeline 9, preventing the pressure in the rodless chamber 7 from continuing to increase and avoiding the problem of damage to hydraulic system parts due to continuous pressurization or high pressure oil leakage causing personal injury to the staff.

[0049] The specific embodiment 2 of the circuit breaker operating mechanism provided by this invention differs from embodiment 1 mainly in that: in embodiment 1, the pressure relief channel is opened on the wall of the sliding groove structure, and the pressure relief channel and the rodless chamber are connected by destroying the sealing structure of the sealing ring. In this embodiment, the cylinder body no longer has a large-diameter section, and the pressure relief channel is directly opened on the cavity wall of the cavity that mates with the piston. When the piston reaches the designed maximum stroke position, the pressure relief channel and the rodless chamber are located on both sides of the sealing ring. When the piston stroke is greater than the designed maximum stroke, the sealing ring slides past the inlet of the pressure relief channel, and the pressure relief channel and the rodless chamber are connected to achieve pressure relief.

[0050] The specific embodiment 3 of the circuit breaker operating mechanism provided by the present invention differs from embodiment 1 mainly in that: in embodiment 1, the annular groove structure is formed by the sealing end cap and the wall of the large-diameter section. In this embodiment, the annular groove structure is bored into the wall of the chamber that mates with the piston in the cylinder body. The pressure relief channel can be opened on the side wall of the annular groove structure, or on the cavity wall of the cylinder body located on the side of the annular groove structure facing away from the rodless cavity.

[0051] The specific embodiment 4 of the circuit breaker operating mechanism provided by the present invention differs from embodiment 1 mainly in that: in embodiment 1, the pressure relief channel is formed on the axial sidewall of the annular groove structure. In this embodiment, the pressure relief structure is formed on other sidewalls of the non-circumferential sidewall of the annular groove structure. Of course, in other embodiments, the pressure relief channel can also be formed on the sealing end cover.

[0052] The specific embodiment 5 of the circuit breaker operating mechanism provided by the present invention differs from embodiment 1 mainly in that: in embodiment 1, both the oil inlet and the pressure relief channel are connected to the same low-pressure oil tank. In this embodiment, separate low-pressure oil tanks are provided for the oil inlet and the pressure relief channel, respectively.

[0053] The specific embodiment 6 of the circuit breaker operating mechanism provided by the present invention differs from embodiment 1 mainly in that: in embodiment 1, the energy storage element is an energy storage spring. In this embodiment, the energy storage element is a gas storage device, which compresses the gas into high-pressure gas during energy storage.

[0054] The specific embodiment of the energy storage device provided by the present invention is as follows: the structure of the energy storage device is the same as that of the energy storage device in the above embodiments of the circuit breaker operating mechanism, and will not be described again here.

[0055] The specific embodiment of the drive cylinder provided by the present invention: The structure of the drive cylinder is the same as that of the drive cylinder in the above embodiments of the circuit breaker operating mechanism, and will not be described again here.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still make modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments without creative effort, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drive cylinder, comprising a cylinder body (2) and a piston (3) disposed within the cylinder body (2), a piston rod (4) connected to the piston (3) extending out of the cylinder body (2), a sealing ring (6) disposed on the piston (3), the piston (3), the sealing ring (6), and the cylinder body (2) forming a rodless cavity (7), an oil inlet being provided on the wall of the cylinder body (2) forming the rodless cavity, the oil inlet being used to connect to a high-pressure oil circuit, so as to drive the piston (3) to move by filling the rodless cavity (7) with high-pressure oil, characterized in that, The cylinder body (2) is also provided with a pressure relief channel (8). The position of the pressure relief channel (8) satisfies the following conditions: when the piston (3) moves to the designed maximum stroke, the pressure relief channel (8) is located outside the rodless cavity (7) and is not connected to the rodless cavity (7) under the obstruction of the sealing ring (6). When the piston (3) moves to a position exceeding the maximum designed stroke, the pressure relief channel (8) is connected to the rodless cavity (7) to relieve pressure on the rodless cavity (7). The inner wall surface of the cylinder body (2) has an annular groove structure (11). The diameter and axial dimension of the annular groove structure (11) are larger than the diameter and axial dimension of the sealing ring (6) in its free state, so that when the piston (3) moves to a position exceeding the designed maximum stroke, the sealing ring (6) can enter the annular groove structure (11) and open. The pressure relief channel (8) is opened on the groove wall of the annular groove structure (11) or on the cavity wall of the cylinder body (2) on the side of the annular groove structure (11) facing away from the rodless cavity.

2. The drive cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure relief channel (8) is located on the circumferential sidewall of the annular groove structure (11).

3. The drive cylinder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The cylinder (2) has a chamber with a large diameter section and a small diameter section. The piston (3) is fitted with the small diameter section. The port of the large diameter section is closed by the sealing end cap (10). The sealing end cap (10) and the wall of the large diameter section fit together to form the annular groove structure (11). The piston rod (4) is slidably sealed with the sealing end cap (10) and extends out of the cylinder (2).

4. An accumulator, comprising a drive cylinder, the drive cylinder comprising a cylinder body (2) and a piston (3) disposed within the cylinder body (2), a piston rod (4) connected to the piston (3), the piston rod (4) extending out of the cylinder body (2) and being drivenly connected to an energy storage spring (5) or an energy storage device, a sealing ring (6) disposed on the piston (3), the piston (3), the sealing ring (6) and the cylinder body (2) forming a rodless cavity (7), an oil inlet being provided on the wall of the cylinder body (2) forming the rodless cavity, the oil inlet being connected to a high-pressure oil circuit, so as to drive the piston (3) to move by injecting high-pressure oil into the rodless cavity (7), characterized in that, The cylinder body (2) is also provided with a pressure relief channel (8). The position of the pressure relief channel (8) satisfies the following conditions: when the piston (3) moves to the point where the accumulator reaches the designed maximum pressure, the pressure relief channel (8) is located outside the rodless chamber (7) and is not connected to the rodless chamber (7) due to the obstruction of the sealing ring (6); when the piston (3) moves to the point where the accumulator exceeds the designed maximum pressure, the pressure relief channel (8) is connected to the rodless chamber (7) to achieve pressure relief of the rodless chamber (7). The inner wall of the cylinder (2) has an annular groove structure (11). The diameter and axial dimension of the annular groove structure (11) are larger than the diameter and axial dimension of the sealing ring (6) in its free state, so that when the piston (3) moves to a position exceeding the designed maximum stroke, the sealing ring (6) can enter the annular groove structure (11) and open. The pressure relief channel (8) is opened on the groove wall of the annular groove structure (11) or on the cavity wall of the cylinder (2) on the side of the annular groove structure (11) facing away from the rodless cavity.

5. The energy storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pressure relief channel (8) is located on the circumferential sidewall of the annular groove structure (11).

6. The energy storage device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The cylinder (2) has a chamber with a large diameter section and a small diameter section. The piston (3) is fitted with the small diameter section. The port of the large diameter section is closed by the sealing end cap (10). The sealing end cap (10) and the wall of the large diameter section fit together to form the annular groove structure (11). The piston rod (4) is slidably sealed with the sealing end cap (10) and extends out of the cylinder (2).

7. The energy storage device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The accumulator also includes a low-pressure oil tank (1), the oil inlet is connected to the low-pressure oil tank (1) through a high-pressure oil circuit, a pump is installed on the high-pressure oil circuit to pump the oil in the low-pressure oil tank to the rodless chamber (7), and the pressure relief channel (8) is connected to the low-pressure oil tank (1) through a pressure relief pipeline (9).

8. A circuit breaker operating mechanism, comprising an accumulator, characterized in that, The accumulator includes a drive cylinder, which includes a cylinder body (2) and a piston (3) disposed inside the cylinder body (2). A piston rod (4) is connected to the piston (3). The piston rod (4) extends out of the cylinder body (2) and is connected to an energy storage spring (5) or an energy storage device. A sealing ring (6) is provided on the piston (3). The piston (3), the sealing ring (6), and the cylinder body (2) form a rodless cavity (7). An oil inlet is provided on the wall of the cylinder body (2) that forms the rodless cavity. The oil inlet is connected to a high-pressure oil circuit to charge the rodless cavity (7). High-pressure oil is injected to drive the piston (3) to move. The cylinder (2) is characterized by a pressure relief channel (8) that satisfies the following conditions: when the piston (3) moves to the point where the accumulator reaches its designed maximum pressure, the pressure relief channel (8) is located outside the rodless chamber (7) and is not connected to the rodless chamber (7) due to the obstruction of the sealing ring (6); when the piston (3) moves to the point where the accumulator exceeds its designed maximum pressure, the pressure relief channel (8) connects to the rodless chamber (7) to relieve pressure on the rodless chamber (7). The inner wall of the cylinder (2) has an annular groove structure (11). The diameter and axial dimension of the annular groove structure (11) are larger than the diameter and axial dimension of the sealing ring (6) in its free state, so that when the piston (3) moves to a position exceeding the designed maximum stroke, the sealing ring (6) can enter the annular groove structure (11) and open. The pressure relief channel (8) is opened on the groove wall of the annular groove structure (11) or on the cavity wall of the cylinder (2) on the side of the annular groove structure (11) facing away from the rodless cavity.

9. The circuit breaker operating mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that, The pressure relief channel (8) is located on the circumferential sidewall of the annular groove structure (11).

10. The circuit breaker operating mechanism according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The cylinder (2) has a chamber with a large diameter section and a small diameter section. The piston (3) is fitted with the small diameter section. The port of the large diameter section is closed by the sealing end cap (10). The sealing end cap (10) and the wall of the large diameter section fit together to form the annular groove structure (11). The piston rod (4) is slidably sealed with the sealing end cap (10) and extends out of the cylinder (2).

11. The circuit breaker operating mechanism according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The accumulator also includes a low-pressure oil tank (1), the oil inlet is connected to the low-pressure oil tank (1) through a high-pressure oil circuit, a pump is installed on the high-pressure oil circuit to pump the oil in the low-pressure oil tank to the rodless chamber (7), and the pressure relief channel (8) is connected to the low-pressure oil tank (1) through a pressure relief pipeline (9).

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