A method and device for checking the clearing result of an electricity spot market

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of electric power spot market clearing result safety checking method and device.The method includes: with electric power system effective reserve capacity maximization as optimization target function, according to intertie constraint and effective reserve capacity constraint, constraint condition is constructed, and the constraint condition is combined with the target function, the constraint condition and the constraint condition of day-ahead electric power spot market clearing model, to establish safety checking model;The electric power spot market clearing result output by the day-ahead electric power spot market clearing model is input into the safety checking model to carry out safety checking, to obtain the transmission power of each intertie and the effective reserve capacity of each period of electric power system when the electric power spot market clearing result passes safety checking.The application can consider optimizing adjusting intertie transmission power, carries out safety checking to electric power spot market clearing result, so that electric power system effective reserve capacity reaches maximum, is favorable for further guaranteeing power grid safe operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electricity spot market clearing technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for verifying the safety of electricity spot market clearing results. Background Technology

[0002] Regional power grid safety verification refers to analyzing the safety of the electricity spot market clearing results from the perspective of power grid operation safety. Regional power grid safety verification is conducted concurrently with the electricity spot market clearing process. The results of the electricity spot market clearing must strictly meet national and industry policies and standards, while also satisfying the requirements for safe and stable power grid operation, power balance, and clean energy consumption.

[0003] Currently, inter-provincial power transmission framework agreements signed between sending and receiving provinces in different regions make it difficult to specify the exact annual power transmission curve. The daily power output curve of the tie line is determined by the decomposition mechanism, and different decomposition mechanisms may result in different contract power decomposition curves. Since the inter-provincial power transmission framework agreements signed between sending and receiving provinces connected by the tie line usually require physical execution, especially since cross-provincial priority power generation plans need to be cleared first according to the decomposition curve to ensure execution, the daily power output curve of the tie line determined by the decomposition mechanism becomes a constraint condition for the day-ahead electricity spot market model. That is, the provincial electricity spot market usually uses the tie line transmission power as the boundary data for electricity spot market clearing.

[0004] In the electricity spot market, the adjustment of tie-line transmission power needs to consider the security of the regional coordinated power grid, the fairness of the electricity spot market, and the rationality of the electricity spot market clearing results. In actual power grid operation, real-time dispatching of tie-line transmission power replacement frequently occurs. Changes in tie-line transmission power inevitably affect the congestion of sections and lines. Therefore, based on the current electricity spot market clearing results, it is essential to conduct safety verification of optimized tie-line transmission power adjustments to further ensure the stability of the electricity spot market and the security of provincial and regional power grids. However, using existing technology, it is difficult to accurately assess the actual available reserve capacity of the power grid during actual power grid operation, i.e., the effective reserve capacity. This means that optimizing tie-line transmission power adjustments during the safety verification process cannot alleviate grid congestion, limiting the effective reserve capacity of the power system and hindering further assurance of safe power grid operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method and apparatus for safety verification of the clearing results of the electricity spot market. This method can optimize and adjust the transmission power of the tie line to perform safety verification of the clearing results of the electricity spot market, thereby maximizing the effective reserve capacity of the power system and further ensuring the safe operation of the power grid.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for security verification of the clearing results in the electricity spot market, comprising:

[0007] An objective function is constructed with the goal of maximizing the effective reserve capacity of the power system. Constraints are constructed based on tie line constraints and effective reserve capacity constraints. A safety verification model is established by combining the objective function, the constraints, and the constraints of the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing model.

[0008] The electricity spot market clearing result output by the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing model is input into the security verification model for security verification, so as to obtain the transmission power of each tie line and the effective reserve capacity of the power system at each time period when the electricity spot market clearing result passes the security verification.

[0009] Furthermore, the objective function is:

[0010]

[0011] Among them, PR i,t Let i be the maximum effective reserve capacity provided by the i-th generating unit in the t-th time period, i∈(1,2,...,N), where N is the total number of generating units in the power system, and t∈(1,2,...,T), where T is the total number of time periods in the day.

[0012] Furthermore, the tie line constraints include tie line transmission power constraints, tie line adjustment number constraints, tie line adjustment direction constraints, tie line adjustment rate constraints, and tie line channel constraints.

[0013] The power constraint for the tie line transmission is:

[0014]

[0015] Among them, T j,t Let J be the transmission power of the j-th tie line in the t-th time period. Let be the minimum and maximum transmission power of the j-th connection line in the t-th time period, respectively, where t∈(1,2,...,T), and T is the total number of time periods in the day;

[0016] The constraint on the number of times the tie line is adjusted is:

[0017]

[0018] in, Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards during the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not increased during the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards during the t-th time period. Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards in the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not adjusted downwards during the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards during the t-th time period. Let be the maximum number of changes in the transmission power of the j-th tie line throughout the day;

[0019] The constraint on the adjustment direction of the connecting line is:

[0020]

[0021] in, Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards in the (t+1)th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not adjusted upwards during the (t+1)-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards during the (t+1)th time period. Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards in the (t+1)th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not adjusted downwards during the (t+1)-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards during the (t+1)-th time period;

[0022] The tie-line adjustment rate constraint is:

[0023]

[0024] Among them, T j,t-1 Let J be the transmission power of the j-th tie line in the (t-1)th time period. The maximum upward adjustment rate of the j-th tie line. The maximum downward adjustment rate of the j-th tie line;

[0025] The constraints of the connection channel are as follows:

[0026]

[0027] Among them, T k,t Let be the planned power of the k-th tie line channel in the t-th time period.

[0028] Furthermore, the effective reserve capacity constraints include unit operating status constraints coupled with the effective reserve capacity, unit ramp rate constraints coupled with the effective reserve capacity, unit power constraints coupled with the effective reserve capacity, and network security constraints coupled with the effective reserve capacity.

[0029] The unit operating state constraints coupled with effective reserve capacity are as follows:

[0030]

[0031] Among them, PR i,t α represents the maximum effective reserve capacity provided by the i-th unit in the t-th time period. i,t Let α be a 0-1 variable representing the start-up and shutdown status of the i-th unit in the t-th time period. i,t =0 indicates that the i-th unit is shut down in the t-th time period, α i,t =1 indicates that the i-th unit starts up in the t-th time period, P i,t Let i be the output power of the i-th unit in the t-th time period. Let be the maximum output power of the i-th unit in the t-th time period, i∈(1,2,...,N), N is the total number of units in the power system, t∈(1,2,...,T), and T is the total number of time periods in the day;

[0032] The unit ramp-up rate constraint coupled with effective reserve capacity is:

[0033]

[0034] Among them, P i,t-1 Let ΔP be the power output of the i-th unit in the (t-1)-th time period. i U Let α be the maximum uphill ramp rate of the i-th unit. i,t-1 Let α be a 0-1 variable representing the start-up and shutdown status of the i-th unit in the (t-1)-th time period. i,t-1 =0 indicates that the i-th unit is shut down during the (t-1)-th time period, α i,t-1 =1 indicates that the i-th unit starts up in the (t-1)-th time period. Let be the minimum output power of the i-th unit in the t-th time period;

[0035] The unit power constraint coupled with effective reserve capacity is:

[0036]

[0037] Where T0 is the duration of each time period, The maximum power of the i-th unit;

[0038] The network security constraints coupled with effective backup capacity include line security constraints and cross-sectional security constraints;

[0039] The line safety constraints are as follows:

[0040]

[0041] Among them, P l max G represents the maximum power transmission capacity of the power flow on the l-th line. l-i G is the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node containing the i-th unit to the l-th line. l-j G is the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node of the j-th tie line to the l-th line, j∈(1,2,...,NT), where NT is the total number of tie lines. l-q Let D be the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the q-th node to the l-th line. q,t Let be the bus load value of the q-th node in the t-th time period, where q∈(1,2,...,Q), and Q is the total number of nodes in the power system. These are the forward and reverse power flow relaxation variables for the l-th line, respectively. satisfy M is the maximum single-machine capacity, τ l Let τ be a 0-1 variable indicating whether the l-th line exceeds the limit. l =0 indicates that the l-th line has not exceeded the limit, τ l =1 indicates that the l-th line has exceeded the limit;

[0042] The cross-sectional safety constraint is as follows:

[0043]

[0044] in, G represents the maximum power transmission capacity of the power flow at the s-th cross section. s-i G is the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node where the i-th unit is located to the s-th section. s-j G is the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node of the j-th tie line to the s-th section, j∈(1,2,...,NT), where NT is the total number of tie lines. s-q Let D be the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the q-th node to the s-th section. q,t Let be the bus load value of the q-th node in the t-th time period, where q∈(1,2,...,Q), and Q is the total number of nodes in the power system. Let be the forward and reverse current relaxation variables of the s-th cross section, respectively. satisfy M is the maximum single-machine capacity, τ s Let τ be a 0-1 variable indicating whether the s-th cross-section exceeds the limit. s =0 indicates that the s-th cross section does not exceed the limit, τ s =1 indicates that the s-th cross section exceeds the limit.

[0045] Furthermore, the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing model includes the SCUC model and the SCED model.

[0046] Furthermore, the constraints of the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing model include system constraints, unit constraints, and network constraints;

[0047] The system constraints include system load balance constraints, system positive reserve capacity constraints, and system negative reserve capacity constraints.

[0048] The unit constraints include unit output power constraints, unit ramp rate constraints, unit minimum continuous start-stop time constraints, unit maximum number of start-stops constraints, and unit power constraints.

[0049] The network constraints include line power flow constraints and cross-sectional power flow constraints.

[0050] Secondly, an embodiment of the present invention provides a safety verification device for the clearing results of the electricity spot market, comprising:

[0051] The model building module is used to construct an objective function with the goal of maximizing the effective reserve capacity of the power system, construct constraints based on tie line constraints and effective reserve capacity constraints, and establish a safety verification model by combining the objective function, the constraints, and the constraints of the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing model.

[0052] The safety verification module is used to input the electricity spot market clearing result output by the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing model into the safety verification model for safety verification, so as to obtain the transmission power of each tie line and the effective reserve capacity of the power system at each time period when the electricity spot market clearing result passes the safety verification.

[0053] Furthermore, the objective function is:

[0054]

[0055] Among them, PR i,t Let i be the maximum effective reserve capacity provided by the i-th generating unit in the t-th time period, i∈(1,2,...,N), where N is the total number of generating units in the power system, and t∈(1,2,...,T), where T is the total number of time periods in the day.

[0056] Furthermore, the tie line constraints include tie line transmission power constraints, tie line adjustment number constraints, tie line adjustment direction constraints, tie line adjustment rate constraints, and tie line channel constraints.

[0057] The power constraint for the tie line transmission is:

[0058]

[0059] Among them, T j,t Let J be the transmission power of the j-th tie line in the t-th time period. Let be the minimum and maximum transmission power of the j-th connection line in the t-th time period, respectively, where t∈(1,2,...,T), and T is the total number of time periods in the day;

[0060] The constraint on the number of times the tie line is adjusted is:

[0061]

[0062] in, Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards during the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not increased during the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards during the t-th time period. Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards in the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not adjusted downwards during the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards during the t-th time period. Let be the maximum number of changes in the transmission power of the j-th tie line throughout the day;

[0063] The constraint on the adjustment direction of the connecting line is:

[0064]

[0065] in, Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards in the (t+1)th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not adjusted upwards during the (t+1)-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards during the (t+1)th time period. Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards in the (t+1)th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not adjusted downwards during the (t+1)-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards during the (t+1)-th time period;

[0066] The tie-line adjustment rate constraint is:

[0067]

[0068] Among them, T j,t-1 Let J be the transmission power of the j-th tie line in the (t-1)th time period. The maximum upward adjustment rate of the j-th tie line. The maximum downward adjustment rate of the j-th tie line;

[0069] The constraints of the connection channel are as follows:

[0070]

[0071] Among them, T k,t Let be the planned power of the k-th tie line channel in the t-th time period.

[0072] Furthermore, the effective reserve capacity constraints include unit operating status constraints coupled with the effective reserve capacity, unit ramp rate constraints coupled with the effective reserve capacity, unit power constraints coupled with the effective reserve capacity, and network security constraints coupled with the effective reserve capacity.

[0073] The unit operating state constraints coupled with effective reserve capacity are as follows:

[0074]

[0075] Among them, PR i,t α represents the maximum effective reserve capacity provided by the i-th unit in the t-th time period. i,t Let α be a 0-1 variable representing the start-up and shutdown status of the i-th unit in the t-th time period. i,t =0 indicates that the i-th unit is shut down in the t-th time period, α i,t =1 indicates that the i-th unit starts up in the t-th time period, P i,t Let i be the output power of the i-th unit in the t-th time period. Let be the maximum output power of the i-th unit in the t-th time period, i∈(1,2,...,N), N is the total number of units in the power system, t∈(1,2,...,T), and T is the total number of time periods in the day;

[0076] The unit ramp-up rate constraint coupled with effective reserve capacity is:

[0077]

[0078] Among them, P i,t-1 Let ΔP be the power output of the i-th unit in the (t-1)-th time period. i U Let α be the maximum uphill ramp rate of the i-th unit. i,t-1 Let α be a 0-1 variable representing the start-up and shutdown status of the i-th unit in the (t-1)-th time period. i,t-1 =0 indicates that the i-th unit is shut down during the (t-1)-th time period, α i,t-1 =1 indicates that the i-th unit starts up in the (t-1)-th time period. Let be the minimum output power of the i-th unit in the t-th time period;

[0079] The unit power constraint coupled with effective reserve capacity is:

[0080]

[0081] Where T0 is the duration of each time period, The maximum power of the i-th unit;

[0082] The network security constraints coupled with effective backup capacity include line security constraints and cross-sectional security constraints;

[0083] The line safety constraints are as follows:

[0084]

[0085] Among them, P l max G represents the maximum power transmission capacity of the power flow on the l-th line. l-i G is the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node containing the i-th unit to the l-th line. l-j G is the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node of the j-th tie line to the l-th line, j∈(1,2,...,NT), where NT is the total number of tie lines. l-q Let D be the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the q-th node to the l-th line. q,t Let be the bus load value of the q-th node in the t-th time period, where q∈(1,2,...,Q), and Q is the total number of nodes in the power system. These are the forward and reverse power flow relaxation variables for the l-th line, respectively. satisfy M is the maximum single-machine capacity, τ l Let τ be a 0-1 variable indicating whether the l-th line exceeds the limit. l =0 indicates that the l-th line has not exceeded the limit, τ l =1 indicates that the l-th line has exceeded the limit;

[0086] The cross-sectional safety constraint is as follows:

[0087]

[0088] in, G represents the maximum power transmission capacity of the power flow at the s-th cross section. s-i G is the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node where the i-th unit is located to the s-th section. s-jG is the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node of the j-th tie line to the s-th section, j∈(1,2,...,NT), where NT is the total number of tie lines. s-q Let D be the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the q-th node to the s-th section. q,t Let be the bus load value of the q-th node in the t-th time period, where q∈(1,2,...,Q), and Q is the total number of nodes in the power system. Let be the forward and reverse current relaxation variables of the s-th cross section, respectively. satisfy M is the maximum single-machine capacity, τ s Let τ be a 0-1 variable indicating whether the s-th cross-section exceeds the limit. s =0 indicates that the s-th cross section does not exceed the limit, τ s =1 indicates that the s-th cross section exceeds the limit.

[0089] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0090] By constructing an objective function with the goal of maximizing the effective reserve capacity of the power system, and constructing constraints based on tie-line constraints and effective reserve capacity constraints, a safety verification model is established by combining the objective function, constraints, and constraints of the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing model. The electricity spot market clearing results output by the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing model are input into the safety verification model for safety verification. When the electricity spot market clearing results pass the safety verification, the transmission power of each tie-line and the effective reserve capacity of the power system at each time period can be obtained. This allows for the optimization and adjustment of tie-line transmission power, and the safety verification of the electricity spot market clearing results, so as to maximize the effective reserve capacity of the power system and further ensure the safe operation of the power grid. Attached Figure Description

[0091] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for verifying the safety of electricity spot market clearing results according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0092] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a power spot market clearing result safety verification device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0093] The technical solutions of this invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0094] like Figure 1 As shown, the first embodiment provides a method for security verification of the clearing results of the electricity spot market, including steps S1 to S2:

[0095] S1. Construct an objective function with the goal of maximizing the effective reserve capacity of the power system. Construct constraint conditions based on tie line constraints and effective reserve capacity constraints. Combine the objective function, constraint conditions and the constraint conditions of the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing model to establish a safety verification model.

[0096] S2. Input the electricity spot market clearing results output by the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing model into the safety verification model for safety verification, so as to obtain the transmission power of each tie line and the effective reserve capacity of the power system at each time period when the electricity spot market clearing results pass the safety verification.

[0097] As an example, an objective function is constructed with the goal of maximizing the effective reserve capacity of the power system. Constraints are constructed based on tie line constraints and effective reserve constraints. A safety verification model is established by combining the objective function, constraints, and constraints of the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing model. The electricity spot market clearing results output by the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing model are obtained. The electricity spot market clearing results include the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing boundary data, the unit start-up, shutdown, and output results after the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing. The electricity spot market clearing results are input into the safety verification model for safety verification. If the electricity spot market clearing results pass the safety verification, the safety verification model outputs the transmission power of each tie line and the effective reserve capacity of the power system for each time period.

[0098] This embodiment, based on the determined electricity spot market clearing results, comprehensively considers tie-line constraints, effective reserve constraints, and electricity spot market clearing constraints. Under the condition of ensuring safe operation of the power grid, it optimizes and adjusts the transmission power of the tie-line to maximize the release of the power grid's effective reserve capacity. It can consider optimizing and adjusting the transmission power of the tie-line, perform a safety verification of the electricity spot market clearing results, and maximize the effective reserve capacity of the power system, which is conducive to further ensuring the safe operation of the power grid.

[0099] In a preferred embodiment, the objective function is:

[0100]

[0101] Among them, PR i,t Let i be the maximum effective reserve capacity provided by the i-th generating unit in the t-th time period, i∈(1,2,...,N), where N is the total number of generating units in the power system, and t∈(1,2,...,T), where T is the total number of time periods in the day.

[0102] As an example, in order to maximize the effective reserve capacity of the power system and further ensure the safe operation of the power grid, an objective function is constructed with maximizing the effective reserve capacity of the power system as the optimization objective. The objective function is:

[0103] In equation (1), PR i,t Let i be the maximum effective reserve capacity provided by the i-th generating unit in the t-th time period, i∈(1,2,...,N), where N is the total number of generating units in the power system, and t∈(1,2,...,T), where T is the total number of time periods in the day.

[0104] If the day is divided into 96 time periods, then T = 96, and the duration of each time period T0 is 15 minutes, or 0.25 hours.

[0105] In a preferred embodiment, tie line constraints include tie line transmission power constraints, tie line adjustment number constraints, tie line adjustment direction constraints, tie line adjustment rate constraints, and tie line channel constraints.

[0106] The power constraint for the tie line transmission is:

[0107]

[0108] Among them, T j,t Let J be the transmission power of the j-th tie line in the t-th time period. Let be the minimum and maximum transmission power of the j-th connection line in the t-th time period, respectively, where t∈(1,2,...,T), and T is the total number of time periods in the day;

[0109] The constraint on the number of tie line adjustments is:

[0110]

[0111] in, Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards during the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not increased during the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards during the t-th time period. Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards in the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not adjusted downwards during the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards during the t-th time period. Let be the maximum number of changes in the transmission power of the j-th tie line throughout the day;

[0112] The constraint on the direction of the tie line adjustment is:

[0113]

[0114] in, Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards in the (t+1)th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not adjusted upwards during the (t+1)-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards during the (t+1)th time period. Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards in the (t+1)th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not adjusted downwards during the (t+1)-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards during the (t+1)-th time period;

[0115] The tie-line regulation rate constraint is:

[0116]

[0117] Among them, T j,t-1 Let J be the transmission power of the j-th tie line in the (t-1)th time period. The maximum upward adjustment rate of the j-th tie line. The maximum downward adjustment rate of the j-th tie line;

[0118] The tie-line channel constraints are as follows:

[0119]

[0120] Among them, T k,t Let be the planned power of the k-th tie line channel in the t-th time period.

[0121] As an example, the transmission power of a DC tie line is controllable and can be optimized as a flexibly adjustable resource to promote optimal resource allocation. Since the transmission power of a DC tie line is freely controllable, it can be optimized as a separate variable, with its sending and receiving ends acting as node loads and node injections, respectively.

[0122] Although the transmission power of DC tie lines can be flexibly adjusted, it cannot be adjusted frequently in actual power grid operation, except in emergency situations. The operation of AC filters and converter transformers are important limiting factors.

[0123] Therefore, tie line constraints mainly include tie line transmission power constraints, tie line adjustment frequency constraints, tie line adjustment direction constraints, tie line adjustment rate constraints, and tie line channel constraints.

[0124] Tie line transmission power constraints refer to the requirement that the transmission power of a tie line should be within its upper and lower limits. The tie line transmission power constraints are as follows:

[0125]

[0126] In equation (2), T j,t Let J be the transmission power of the j-th tie line in the t-th time period. Let be the minimum and maximum transmission power of the j-th connection line in the t-th time period, respectively, where t∈(1,2,...,T), and T is the total number of time periods in the day.

[0127] The tie-line adjustment frequency constraint refers to the requirement that the transmission power of a tie-line should vary within a certain range throughout the day. The tie-line adjustment frequency constraint is as follows:

[0128]

[0129] In equation (3), Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards during the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not increased during the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards during the t-th time period. Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards in the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not adjusted downwards during the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards during the t-th time period. Let be the maximum number of changes in the transmission power of the j-th tie line throughout the day.

[0130] The tie-line adjustment direction constraint means that the transmission power of a tie-line cannot be adjusted in the opposite direction between adjacent time periods. Specifically, the transmission power of a tie-line cannot be adjusted upwards and then downwards, or vice versa. The tie-line adjustment direction constraint is as follows:

[0131]

[0132] In equation (4), Whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards in the (t+1)th time period.

[0133] 0-1 variables, This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not adjusted upwards during the (t+1)-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards during the (t+1)th time period. Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards in the (t+1)th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not adjusted downwards during the (t+1)-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards during the (t+1)-th time period.

[0134] Tie line regulation rate constraint refers to the requirement that the transmission power of a tie line must meet the ramp rate requirement when adjusting upwards / downwards. The tie line regulation rate constraint is as follows:

[0135]

[0136] In equation (5), T j,t-1 Let J be the transmission power of the j-th tie line in the (t-1)th time period. The maximum upward adjustment rate of the j-th tie line. This represents the maximum downward adjustment rate of the j-th tie line.

[0137] In medium- and long-term transactions, the planned power of each tie-line channel has been largely determined, and priority clearing is implemented in the electricity spot market according to the contracted power volume decomposition curve. The safety verification model focuses on the safety verification after clearing in the day-ahead electricity spot market, so it does not change the total power curve of the tie-line channel, but only optimizes the power of each tie line contained in the tie-line channel. The total transmission power of each tie line is consistent with the planned power of the tie-line channel to which these tie lines belong. The tie-line channel constraints are:

[0138]

[0139] In equation (6), T k,t Let be the planned power of the k-th tie line channel in the t-th time period.

[0140] In a preferred embodiment, the effective reserve capacity constraint includes unit operating status constraints coupled to the effective reserve capacity, unit ramp rate constraints coupled to the effective reserve capacity, unit power constraints coupled to the effective reserve capacity, and network security constraints coupled to the effective reserve capacity.

[0141] The unit operating state constraints coupled with effective reserve capacity are:

[0142]

[0143] Among them, PR i,t α represents the maximum effective reserve capacity provided by the i-th unit in the t-th time period. i,t Let α be a 0-1 variable representing the start-up and shutdown status of the i-th unit in the t-th time period. i,t =0 indicates that the i-th unit is shut down in the t-th time period, α i,t=1 indicates that the i-th unit starts up in the t-th time period, P i,t Let i be the output power of the i-th unit in the t-th time period. Let be the maximum output power of the i-th unit in the t-th time period, i∈(1,2,...,N), N is the total number of units in the power system, t∈(1,2,...,T), and T is the total number of time periods in the day;

[0144] The ramp rate constraint of the unit coupled with the effective reserve capacity is:

[0145]

[0146] Among them, P i,t-1 Let ΔP be the power output of the i-th unit in the (t-1)-th time period. i U Let α be the maximum uphill ramp rate of the i-th unit. i,t-1 Let α be a 0-1 variable representing the start-up and shutdown status of the i-th unit in the (t-1)-th time period. i,t-1 =0 indicates that the i-th unit is shut down during the (t-1)-th time period, α i,t-1 =1 indicates that the i-th unit starts up in the (t-1)-th time period. Let be the minimum output power of the i-th unit in the t-th time period;

[0147] The unit power constraints coupled with effective reserve capacity are:

[0148]

[0149] Where T0 is the duration of each time period, The maximum power of the i-th unit;

[0150] Network security constraints coupled with effective reserve capacity include line security constraints and cross-sectional security constraints; the line security constraints are:

[0151]

[0152] Among them, P l max G represents the maximum power transmission capacity of the power flow on the l-th line. l-i G is the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node containing the i-th unit to the l-th line. l-j G is the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node of the j-th tie line to the l-th line, j∈(1,2,...,NT), where NT is the total number of tie lines. l-q Let D be the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the q-th node to the l-th line. q,tLet be the bus load value of the q-th node in the t-th time period, where q∈(1,2,...,Q), and Q is the total number of nodes in the power system. These are the forward and reverse power flow relaxation variables for the l-th line, respectively. satisfy M is the maximum single-machine capacity, τ l Let τ be a 0-1 variable indicating whether the l-th line exceeds the limit. l =0 indicates that the l-th line has not exceeded the limit, τ l =1 indicates that the l-th line has exceeded the limit;

[0153] The cross-sectional safety constraints are:

[0154]

[0155] in, G represents the maximum power transmission capacity of the power flow at the s-th cross section. s-i G is the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node where the i-th unit is located to the s-th section. s-j G is the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node of the j-th tie line to the s-th section, j∈(1,2,...,NT), where NT is the total number of tie lines. s-q Let D be the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the q-th node to the s-th section. q,t Let be the bus load value of the q-th node in the t-th time period, where q∈(1,2,...,Q), and Q is the total number of nodes in the power system. Let be the forward and reverse current relaxation variables of the s-th cross section, respectively. satisfy M is the maximum single-machine capacity, τ s Let τ be a 0-1 variable indicating whether the s-th cross-section exceeds the limit. s =0 indicates that the s-th cross section does not exceed the limit, τ s =1 indicates that the s-th cross section exceeds the limit.

[0156] As an example, effective reserve capacity constraints include unit operating status constraints coupled to effective reserve capacity, unit ramp rate constraints coupled to effective reserve capacity, unit power constraints coupled to effective reserve capacity, and network security constraints coupled to effective reserve capacity.

[0157] For unit operating state constraints coupled with effective reserve capacity, when a unit is shut down, no reserve capacity can be provided, therefore PR i,t It should be coupled with the operating status of the unit, that is:

[0158]

[0159] In equation (12), PR i,t α represents the maximum effective reserve capacity provided by the i-th unit in the t-th time period. i,t Let α be a 0-1 variable representing the start-up and shutdown status of the i-th unit in the t-th time period. i,t =0 indicates that the i-th unit is shut down in the t-th time period, α i,t =1 indicates that the i-th unit is started in the t-th time period. Let be the maximum output power of the i-th unit in the t-th time period, i∈(1,2,...,N), N is the total number of units in the power system, t∈(1,2,...,T), and T is the total number of time periods in the day.

[0160] In addition, PR i,t The upper limit constraint should be less than the unit's maximum output power and actual output power, that is, it should meet the following constraints:

[0161]

[0162] In equation (13), P i,t Let be the output power of the i-th unit in the t-th time period.

[0163] Simultaneously satisfying both constraints (12) and (13) allows for the summation of the unit operating state constraints coupled with effective reserve capacity. These constraints are:

[0164]

[0165] For the unit ramp-up rate constraint coupled with effective reserve capacity, at the time-time coupling level, constrained by the unit ramp-up rate, the effective reserve capacity is the unit output power that can be called up in the next time moment. The unit ramp-up constraint coupled with effective reserve capacity is:

[0166]

[0167] In equation (8), P i,t-1 Let ΔP be the power output of the i-th unit in the (t-1)-th time period. i U Let α be the maximum uphill ramp rate of the i-th unit. i,t-1 Let α be a 0-1 variable representing the start-up and shutdown status of the i-th unit in the (t-1)-th time period. i,t-1 =0 indicates that the i-th unit is shut down during the (t-1)-th time period, α i,t-1 =1 indicates that the i-th unit starts up in the (t-1)-th time period. Let be the minimum output power of the i-th unit in the t-th time period.

[0168] For the unit power constraints coupled with effective reserve capacity, thermal power units are limited by the constraint of primary energy supply, and hydropower units are limited by the constraint of water level and reservoir capacity, resulting in a limitation on the effective reserve capacity that the units can provide. The unit power constraints coupled with effective reserve capacity are as follows:

[0169]

[0170] In equation (9), T0 is the duration of each time period. Let be the maximum power of the i-th unit.

[0171] To ensure the solution speed of the model, linearization processing is performed on the hydropower unit model. Specifically, the water level-to-water consumption rate curve and the hydropower plant's water level-to-reservoir capacity curve are piecewise linearized and then converted into power constraints after external linearization. It should be noted that the water level-to-water consumption rate curve is the curve showing the relationship between the hydropower plant's head, water level, and their corresponding water consumption rate, while the hydropower plant's water level-to-reservoir capacity curve is the curve showing the relationship between the hydropower plant's reservoir water level and its corresponding reservoir capacity.

[0172] Network security constraints coupled with effective reserve capacity include line security constraints and cross-sectional security constraints. Line security constraints are:

[0173]

[0174] In equation (10), P l max G represents the maximum power transmission capacity of the power flow on the l-th line. l-i G is the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node containing the i-th unit to the l-th line. l-j G is the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node of the j-th tie line to the l-th line, j∈(1,2,...,NT), where NT is the total number of tie lines. l-q Let D be the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the q-th node to the l-th line. q,t Let be the bus load value of the q-th node in the t-th time period, where q∈(1,2,...,Q), and Q is the total number of nodes in the power system. These are the forward and reverse power flow relaxation variables for the l-th line, respectively.

[0175] The coupling between the slack variables and reserve variables in cybersecurity constraints is constrained. When the cross-section exceeds the limit in either the positive or negative direction, the corresponding positive / negative sensitivity units will be unable to provide the corresponding reserve capacity.

[0176] when And G l-i >0, or And G l-i<0, then PR i =0(14);

[0177] To facilitate modeling and ensure the speed of model solution, equation (14) is linearized. satisfy:

[0178]

[0179] In equation (15), M is the maximum single-machine capacity, τ l Let τ be a 0-1 variable indicating whether the l-th line exceeds the limit. l =0 indicates that the l-th line has not exceeded the limit, τ l =1 indicates that the l-th line has exceeded the limit.

[0180] Similarly, the cross-sectional safety constraints are:

[0181]

[0182] In equation (11), P s max G represents the maximum power transmission capacity of the power flow at the s-th cross section. s-i G is the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node where the i-th unit is located to the s-th section. s-j G is the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node of the j-th tie line to the s-th section, j∈(1,2,...,NT), where NT is the total number of tie lines. s-q Let D be the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the q-th node to the s-th section. q,t Let be the bus load value of the q-th node in the t-th time period, where q∈(1,2,...,Q), and Q is the total number of nodes in the power system. Let be the forward and reverse current relaxation variables of the s-th cross section, respectively. satisfy M is the maximum single-machine capacity, τ s Let τ be a 0-1 variable indicating whether the s-th cross-section exceeds the limit. s =0 indicates that the s-th cross section does not exceed the limit, τ s =1 indicates that the s-th cross section exceeds the limit.

[0183] Since no single unit capacity currently participating in the market exceeds 2000MW, M can be set to 2000.

[0184] In a preferred embodiment, the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing model includes the SCUC model and the SCED model.

[0185] As an example, the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing model includes the Security Constrained Unit Commitment (SCUC) model and the Security Constrained Economic Dispatch (SCED) model, in which tie-line plans are used as boundary conditions and do not participate in market optimization.

[0186] The clearing of the electricity spot market essentially begins with solving the SCUC model, requiring optimization of integer variables, namely, the decision variables for unit operation, start-up, and shutdown. The electricity spot market clearing process first solves the SCUC model to fix the integer variables, then solves the SCED model to obtain unit output. Safety verification is completed simultaneously during the solving of the SCUC and SCED models. For example, network security verification is completed by network constraints in the electricity spot market clearing model, load balance security verification by system load balance constraints, and system reserve capacity security verification by system positive and negative reserve capacity constraints. However, the system positive and negative reserve capacity constraints are relatively coarse in their consideration of reserve capacity; typically, the system positive reserve capacity is set as a proportion of the total system load forecast or based on the maximum capacity of a single unit.

[0187] In a preferred embodiment, the constraints of the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing model include system constraints, unit constraints, and network constraints; system constraints include system load balance constraints, system positive reserve capacity constraints, and system negative reserve capacity constraints; unit constraints include unit output power constraints, unit ramp rate constraints, unit minimum continuous start-stop time constraints, unit maximum start-stop frequency constraints, and unit power consumption constraints; network constraints include line power flow constraints and cross-sectional power flow constraints.

[0188] As an example, for the SCUC model, the objective function of the SCUC model is constructed with the goal of minimizing the electricity purchase cost. The objective function of the SCUC model is:

[0189]

[0190] In equation (16), P i,t Let C be the output power of the i-th unit in the t-th time period. i,t (P i,t ) represents the i-th unit in the t-th time period with P i,t Operating costs, C i,t () is a piecewise linear function of the output range of the i-th unit in the t-th time period and the energy price. Let be the startup cost of the i-th generating unit in the t-th time period, i∈(1,2,...,N), N be the total number of generating units in the power system, t∈(1,2,...,T), T be the total number of time periods in the day, and H be the network flow constraint relaxation penalty factor used for power spot market clearing optimization. Let $\mathbf{l}$ be the forward and reverse power flow relaxation variables for the $l$-th line, respectively, where $l \in (1, 2, ..., NL)$, and $NL$ is the total number of lines. Let be the forward and reverse current relaxation variables of the s-th cross section, respectively, where s∈(1,2,...,NS), and NS is the total number of cross sections.

[0191] The generator output expression is as follows:

[0192]

[0193]

[0194] In equations (17) and (18), P i,t,d For the i-th generating unit, the winning bid power is the power generated in the d-th output interval during the t-th time period. These are the upper and lower bounds of the d-th output interval declared by the i-th generating unit, respectively, where d∈(1,2,...,D), and D is the total number of segments in the unit's bid.

[0195] The expression for unit operating costs is:

[0196]

[0197] In equation (19), C i,t,d This represents the energy price corresponding to the d-th output interval declared by the i-th generating unit in the t-th time period.

[0198] The formula for the unit startup cost is:

[0199]

[0200] In equation (20), η i,t Let η be a 0-1 variable indicating whether the i-th unit switches to the start-up state in the t-th time period. i,t =0 indicates that the i-th unit did not switch to the start-up state in the t-th time period, η i,t =1 indicates that the i-th unit switches to the start-up state in the t-th time period. Let $\frac{i}{i}$ be the cost of a single start-up of the $i$-th unit.

[0201] The constraints of the SCUC model mainly include system constraints, unit constraints, and network constraints.

[0202] System constraints include system load balance constraints, system positive reserve capacity constraints, and system negative reserve capacity constraints.

[0203] For each time period, the system load balancing constraint is:

[0204]

[0205] In equation (21), P i,t Let T be the output power of the i-th unit in the t-th time period. j,t Let D be the transmission power of the j-th tie line in the t-th time period (positive for input, negative for output), j∈(1,2,...,NT), where NT is the total number of tie lines, and D t Let t be the system load during the t-th time period.

[0206] To ensure system power balance and prevent supply and demand imbalances caused by system load forecasting deviations and various actual operational accidents, the entire system generally needs to have a certain amount of reserve capacity to ensure that the total daily operating capacity meets the system's minimum reserve capacity.

[0207] The system's positive and negative standby capacity constraints are:

[0208]

[0209] In equation (22), α i,t Let α be a 0-1 variable representing the start-up and shutdown status of the i-th unit in the t-th time period. i,t =0 indicates that the i-th unit is shut down in the t-th time period, α i,t =1 indicates that the i-th unit is started in the t-th time period. Let i be the maximum output power of the i-th unit in the t-th time period. Let t be the system's positive reserve capacity required for the t-th time period.

[0210] The system's negative reserve capacity constraint is:

[0211]

[0212] In equation (23), Let be the minimum output power of the i-th unit in the t-th time period. Let t be the required negative backup capacity of the system during the t-th time period.

[0213] Unit constraints include unit output power constraints, unit ramp rate constraints, unit minimum continuous start-stop time constraints, unit maximum number of start-stops constraints, and unit power constraints.

[0214] Unit output power constraint refers to the requirement that the unit's output power should be within its upper and lower limits. The unit output power constraint is as follows:

[0215]

[0216] Based on equation (24), if the i-th unit shuts down in the t-th time period, α i,t =0, then the unit output power can be limited to 0 through unit output power constraints; if the i-th unit starts up in the t-th time period, α i,t =1, then the unit output power constraint is the conventional upper and lower limit constraint of output power.

[0217] The unit ramp rate constraint refers to the ramp rate requirement that the unit must meet whether ramping uphill or downhill. The unit ramp rate constraint is as follows:

[0218]

[0219]

[0220] In equations (25) and (26), ΔP i U Let ΔP be the maximum uphill rate of the i-th unit. i D Let be the maximum downhill / climb rate of the i-th unit.

[0221] The unit's output limit for raising and lowering is determined by several factors. When the unit is in normal operating condition, the range of its output increase or decrease is determined by ΔP. i U ΔP i D The decision; when the unit is in startup, the range of the unit's output increase or decrease is determined by the unit's allowable startup rate (here it is...). The range of the unit's output increase or decrease is determined by the unit's allowable shutdown rate (here, the allowable shutdown rate is the unit's permissible shutdown rate). )Decide.

[0222] The minimum continuous start-up / shutdown time constraint for a thermal power unit refers to the minimum continuous start-up / shutdown time that a thermal power unit must meet due to its physical properties and actual operational needs. The minimum continuous start-up / shutdown time constraint for a thermal power unit is as follows:

[0223]

[0224]

[0225] In equations (27) and (28), T U T D These are the minimum continuous start-up time and the minimum continuous shutdown time of the unit, respectively. These represent the continuous operating time and continuous shutdown time of the i-th unit in the t-th time period, respectively, which can be represented by the state variable α. i,t (i = 1 to N, t = 1 to T) can be used to represent:

[0226]

[0227]

[0228] To constrain the maximum number of start-stop cycles for the unit, we define a switching variable for start-up and shutdown, and define η. i,t Let η be a 0-1 variable indicating whether the i-th unit switches to the start-up state in the t-th time period. i,t =0 indicates that the i-th unit did not switch to the start-up state in the t-th time period, η i,t =1 indicates that the i-th unit switches to the start-up state in the t-th time period, and γ is defined. i,t Let γ be a 0-1 variable indicating whether the i-th unit switches to a shutdown state during the t-th time period. i,t =0 indicates that the i-th unit did not switch to shutdown state in the t-th time period, γ i,t =1 indicates that the i-th unit switches to shutdown state in the t-th time period, η i,t γ i,t The following conditions must be met:

[0229]

[0230]

[0231] The maximum number of start-stop cycles for the unit is then constrained as follows:

[0232]

[0233]

[0234] In equations (33) and (34), These represent the maximum number of starts and the maximum number of shutdowns for the i-th unit, respectively.

[0235] Where, η i,t γ i,t The parsing expression is as follows:

[0236]

[0237] The unit's power constraints are:

[0238]

[0239] In equation (36), T0 is the duration of each time period. These are the minimum and maximum power consumption of the i-th unit, respectively.

[0240] Network constraints include line power flow constraints and cross-sectional power flow constraints.

[0241] The power flow constraints of the line are:

[0242]

[0243] In equation (37), P l max G represents the maximum power transmission capacity of the power flow on the l-th line. l-i G is the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node containing the i-th unit to the l-th line. l-j G is the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node of the j-th tie line to the l-th line, j∈(1,2,...,NT), where NT is the total number of tie lines. l-q Let D be the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the q-th node to the l-th line. q,t Let be the bus load value of the q-th node in the t-th time period, where q∈(1,2,...,Q), and Q is the total number of nodes in the power system. These are the forward and reverse power flow relaxation variables for the l-th line, respectively.

[0244] Considering the power flow constraints at the critical section, the power flow constraints at the section are as follows:

[0245]

[0246] In equation (38), P s min P s max Let G be the minimum and maximum power transmission of the power flow at the s-th cross section, respectively; s-i G is the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node where the i-th unit is located to the s-th section; s-j G is the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node containing the j-th tie line to the s-th cross section; s-q Let be the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the q-th node to the s-th section. These are the forward and reverse power flow relaxation variables for the s-th cross section, respectively.

[0247] For the SCED model, the objective function is constructed with minimizing the electricity purchase cost as the optimization objective. The objective function of the SCED model is:

[0248]

[0249] In equation (39), P i,t Let C be the output power of the i-th unit in the t-th time period. i,t (P i,t ) represents the i-th unit in the t-th time period with P i,t Operating costs, C i,t() represents a piecewise linear function of the output intervals of the i-th generating unit in the t-th time period and the energy price, where i∈(1,2,...,N), N is the total number of generating units in the power system, t∈(1,2,...,T), T is the total number of time periods in the day, and H is the network flow constraint relaxation penalty factor used for power spot market clearing optimization. Let $\mathbf{l}$ be the forward and reverse power flow relaxation variables for the $l$-th line, respectively, where $l \in (1, 2, ..., NL)$, and $NL$ is the total number of lines. Let be the forward and reverse current relaxation variables of the s-th cross section, respectively, where s∈(1,2,...,NS), and NS is the total number of cross sections.

[0250] The constraints of the SCED model mainly include system constraints, unit constraints, and network constraints. System constraints include system load balance constraints, as shown in equation (21). Unit constraints include unit output power constraints, unit ramp rate constraints, and unit power constraints. Unit output power constraints are shown in equation (24), unit ramp rate constraints are shown in equations (25) and (26), and unit power constraints are shown in equation (36). Network constraints include line power flow constraints and cross-sectional power flow constraints. Line power flow constraints are shown in equation (37), and cross-sectional power flow constraints are shown in equation (38).

[0251] Based on the same inventive concept as the first embodiment, the second embodiment provides as follows: Figure 2 The device shown is a safety verification device for the clearing results of the electricity spot market, comprising: a model building module 21, used to construct an objective function with the optimization objective of maximizing the effective reserve capacity of the power system, construct constraint conditions based on tie line constraints and effective reserve capacity constraints, and establish a safety verification model by combining the objective function, constraint conditions and the constraint conditions of the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing model; and a safety verification module 22, used to input the electricity spot market clearing results output by the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing model into the safety verification model for safety verification, so as to obtain the transmission power of each tie line and the effective reserve capacity of the power system at each time period when the electricity spot market clearing results pass the safety verification.

[0252] In a preferred embodiment, the objective function is:

[0253]

[0254] Among them, PR i,t Let i be the maximum effective reserve capacity provided by the i-th generating unit in the t-th time period, i∈(1,2,...,N), where N is the total number of generating units in the power system, and t∈(1,2,...,T), where T is the total number of time periods in the day.

[0255] In a preferred embodiment, tie line constraints include tie line transmission power constraints, tie line adjustment number constraints, tie line adjustment direction constraints, tie line adjustment rate constraints, and tie line channel constraints.

[0256] The power constraint for the tie line transmission is:

[0257]

[0258] Among them, T j,t Let J be the transmission power of the j-th tie line in the t-th time period. Let be the minimum and maximum transmission power of the j-th connection line in the t-th time period, respectively, where t∈(1,2,...,T), and T is the total number of time periods in the day;

[0259] The constraint on the number of tie line adjustments is:

[0260]

[0261] in, Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards during the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not increased during the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards during the t-th time period. Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards in the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not adjusted downwards during the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards during the t-th time period. Let be the maximum number of changes in the transmission power of the j-th tie line throughout the day;

[0262] The constraint on the direction of the tie line adjustment is:

[0263]

[0264] in, Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards in the (t+1)th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not adjusted upwards during the (t+1)-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards during the (t+1)th time period. Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards in the (t+1)th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not adjusted downwards during the (t+1)-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards during the (t+1)-th time period;

[0265] The tie-line regulation rate constraint is:

[0266]

[0267] Among them, T j,t-1 Let J be the transmission power of the j-th tie line in the (t-1)th time period. The maximum upward adjustment rate of the j-th tie line. The maximum downward adjustment rate of the j-th tie line;

[0268] The tie-line channel constraints are as follows:

[0269]

[0270] Among them, T k,t Let be the planned power of the k-th tie line channel in the t-th time period.

[0271] In a preferred embodiment, the effective reserve capacity constraint includes unit operating status constraints coupled to the effective reserve capacity, unit ramp rate constraints coupled to the effective reserve capacity, unit power constraints coupled to the effective reserve capacity, and network security constraints coupled to the effective reserve capacity.

[0272] The unit operating state constraints coupled with effective reserve capacity are:

[0273]

[0274] Among them, PR i,t α represents the maximum effective reserve capacity provided by the i-th unit in the t-th time period. i,t Let α be a 0-1 variable representing the start-up and shutdown status of the i-th unit in the t-th time period. i,t =0 indicates that the i-th unit is shut down in the t-th time period, α i,t =1 indicates that the i-th unit starts up in the t-th time period, P i,t Let i be the output power of the i-th unit in the t-th time period. Let be the maximum output power of the i-th unit in the t-th time period, i∈(1,2,...,N), N is the total number of units in the power system, t∈(1,2,...,T), and T is the total number of time periods in the day;

[0275] The ramp rate constraint of the unit coupled with the effective reserve capacity is:

[0276]

[0277] Among them, P i,t-1Let ΔP be the power output of the i-th unit in the (t-1)-th time period. i U Let α be the maximum uphill ramp rate of the i-th unit. i,t-1 Let α be a 0-1 variable representing the start-up and shutdown status of the i-th unit in the (t-1)-th time period. i,t-1 =0 indicates that the i-th unit is shut down during the (t-1)-th time period, α i,t-1 =1 indicates that the i-th unit starts up in the (t-1)-th time period. Let be the minimum output power of the i-th unit in the t-th time period;

[0278] The unit power constraints coupled with effective reserve capacity are:

[0279]

[0280] Where T0 is the duration of each time period, The maximum power of the i-th unit;

[0281] Network security constraints coupled with effective reserve capacity include line security constraints and cross-sectional security constraints; the line security constraints are:

[0282]

[0283] Among them, P l max G represents the maximum power transmission capacity of the power flow on the l-th line. l-i G is the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node containing the i-th unit to the l-th line. l-j G is the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node of the j-th tie line to the l-th line, j∈(1,2,...,NT), where NT is the total number of tie lines. l-q Let D be the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the q-th node to the l-th line. q,t Let be the bus load value of the q-th node in the t-th time period, where q∈(1,2,...,Q), and Q is the total number of nodes in the power system. These are the forward and reverse power flow relaxation variables for the l-th line, respectively. satisfy M is the maximum single-machine capacity, τ l Let τ be a 0-1 variable indicating whether the l-th line exceeds the limit. l =0 indicates that the l-th line has not exceeded the limit, τ l =1 indicates that the l-th line has exceeded the limit;

[0284] The cross-sectional safety constraints are:

[0285]

[0286] in, G represents the maximum power transmission capacity of the power flow at the s-th cross section. s-i G is the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node where the i-th unit is located to the s-th section. s-j G is the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node of the j-th tie line to the s-th section, j∈(1,2,...,NT), where NT is the total number of tie lines. s-q Let D be the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the q-th node to the s-th section. q,t Let be the bus load value of the q-th node in the t-th time period, where q∈(1,2,...,Q), and Q is the total number of nodes in the power system. Let be the forward and reverse current relaxation variables of the s-th cross section, respectively. satisfy M is the maximum single-machine capacity, τ s Let τ be a 0-1 variable indicating whether the s-th cross-section exceeds the limit. s =0 indicates that the s-th cross section does not exceed the limit, τ s =1 indicates that the s-th cross section exceeds the limit.

[0287] In a preferred embodiment, the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing model includes the SCUC model and the SCED model.

[0288] In a preferred embodiment, the constraints of the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing model include system constraints, unit constraints, and network constraints; system constraints include system load balance constraints, system positive reserve capacity constraints, and system negative reserve capacity constraints; unit constraints include unit output power constraints, unit ramp rate constraints, unit minimum continuous start-stop time constraints, unit maximum start-stop frequency constraints, and unit power consumption constraints; network constraints include line power flow constraints and cross-sectional power flow constraints.

[0289] In summary, implementing the embodiments of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0290] By constructing an objective function with the goal of maximizing the effective reserve capacity of the power system, and constructing constraints based on tie-line constraints and effective reserve capacity constraints, a safety verification model is established by combining the objective function, constraints, and constraints of the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing model. The electricity spot market clearing results output by the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing model are input into the safety verification model for safety verification. When the electricity spot market clearing results pass the safety verification, the transmission power of each tie-line and the effective reserve capacity of the power system at each time period can be obtained. This allows for the optimization and adjustment of tie-line transmission power, and the safety verification of the electricity spot market clearing results, so as to maximize the effective reserve capacity of the power system and further ensure the safe operation of the power grid.

[0291] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0292] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes described in the above embodiments. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory (ROM), or random access memory (RAM), etc.

Claims

1. A method for verifying the safety of electricity spot market clearing results, characterized in that, include: An objective function is constructed with the goal of maximizing the effective reserve capacity of the power system. Constraints are constructed based on tie line constraints and effective reserve capacity constraints. A safety verification model is established by combining the objective function, the constraints, and the constraints of the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing model. The objective function is: ； in, The maximum effective reserve capacity provided by the i-th unit in the t-th time period. N is the total number of generating units in the power system. T represents the total number of time periods divided into the entire day; The tie-line constraints include tie-line transmission power constraints, tie-line adjustment number constraints, tie-line adjustment direction constraints, tie-line adjustment rate constraints, and tie-line channel constraints. The power constraint for the tie line transmission is: ； in, Let J be the transmission power of the j-th tie line in the t-th time period. , Let be the minimum and maximum transmission power of the j-th tie line in the t-th time period, respectively. T represents the total number of time periods divided into the entire day; The constraint on the number of times the tie line is adjusted is: ； in, Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards during the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not increased during the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards during the t-th time period. Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards in the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not adjusted downwards during the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards during the t-th time period. Let be the maximum number of changes in the transmission power of the j-th tie line throughout the day; The constraint on the adjustment direction of the connecting line is: ； in, Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards in the (t+1)th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not adjusted upwards during the (t+1)-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards during the (t+1)th time period. Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards in the (t+1)th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not adjusted downwards during the (t+1)-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards during the (t+1)-th time period; The constraint on the tie line adjustment rate is: ； in, Let J be the transmission power of the j-th tie line in the (t-1)th time period. The maximum upward adjustment rate of the j-th tie line. The maximum downward adjustment rate of the j-th tie line; The constraints of the connection channel are as follows: ； in, The planned power of the k-th tie line channel in the t-th time period; The effective reserve capacity constraints include unit operating status constraints coupled with the effective reserve capacity, unit ramp rate constraints coupled with the effective reserve capacity, unit power constraints coupled with the effective reserve capacity, and network security constraints coupled with the effective reserve capacity. The unit operating state constraints coupled with effective reserve capacity are as follows: ； in, The maximum effective reserve capacity provided by the i-th unit in the t-th time period. Let be a 0-1 variable representing the start-up and shutdown status of the i-th unit in the t-th time period. This indicates that the i-th generating unit is shut down during the t-th time period. This indicates that the i-th unit starts up during the t-th time period. Let i be the output power of the i-th unit in the t-th time period. Let i be the maximum output power of the i-th unit in the t-th time period. N is the total number of generating units in the power system. T represents the total number of time periods divided into the entire day; The unit ramp-up rate constraint coupled with effective reserve capacity is: ； in, Let be the output power of the i-th unit in the (t-1)-th time period. Let be the maximum uphill ramp rate of the i-th unit. Let be a 0-1 variable representing the start-up and shutdown status of the i-th unit in the (t-1)-th time period. This indicates that the i-th unit is shut down during the (t-1)-th time period. This indicates that the i-th unit starts up during the (t-1)-th time period. Let be the minimum output power of the i-th unit in the t-th time period; The unit power constraint coupled with effective reserve capacity is: ； in, The duration of each time period, The maximum power of the i-th unit; The network security constraints coupled with effective backup capacity include line security constraints and cross-sectional security constraints; The line safety constraints are as follows: ； in, Let be the maximum power transmission capacity of the power flow of the l-th line. Let be the generator output power transfer distribution factor of the node where the i-th unit is located to the l-th line. Let be the generator output power transfer distribution factor of the node containing the j-th tie line to the l-th line. NT represents the total number of connection lines. Let be the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the q-th node to the l-th line. Let q be the bus load value of the q-th node in the t-th time period. Q is the total number of nodes in the power system. , These are the forward and reverse power flow relaxation variables for the l-th line, respectively. , satisfy M represents the maximum single-machine capacity. Let l be a 0-1 variable indicating whether the l-th line exceeds the limit. This indicates that the l-th line has not exceeded the limit. This indicates that the l-th line has exceeded the limit; The cross-sectional safety constraint is as follows: ； in, Let be the maximum power transmission capacity of the power flow at the s-th cross section. Let be the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node where the i-th unit is located to the s-th section. Let be the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node containing the j-th tie line to the s-th cross section. NT represents the total number of connection lines. Let be the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the q-th node to the s-th section. Let q be the bus load value of the q-th node in the t-th time period. Q is the total number of nodes in the power system. , Let be the forward and reverse current relaxation variables of the s-th cross section, respectively. , satisfy M represents the maximum single-machine capacity. Let 's' be a 0-1 variable indicating whether the 's'-th cross-section exceeds the limit. This indicates that the s-th cross section did not exceed the limit. This indicates that the s-th cross section has exceeded the limit; The electricity spot market clearing result output by the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing model is input into the security verification model for security verification, so as to obtain the transmission power of each tie line and the effective reserve capacity of the power system at each time period when the electricity spot market clearing result passes the security verification.

2. The method for verifying the safety of electricity spot market clearing results as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The day-ahead electricity spot market clearing models include the SCUC model and the SCED model.

3. The method for verifying the safety of the electricity spot market clearing results as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The constraints of the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing model include system constraints, unit constraints, and network constraints. The system constraints include system load balance constraints, system positive reserve capacity constraints, and system negative reserve capacity constraints. The unit constraints include unit output power constraints, unit ramp rate constraints, unit minimum continuous start-stop time constraints, unit maximum number of start-stops constraints, and unit power constraints. The network constraints include line power flow constraints and cross-sectional power flow constraints.

4. A safety verification device for the clearing results of the electricity spot market, characterized in that, include: The model building module is used to construct an objective function with the goal of maximizing the effective reserve capacity of the power system, construct constraints based on tie line constraints and effective reserve capacity constraints, and establish a safety verification model by combining the objective function, the constraints, and the constraints of the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing model. The objective function is: ； in, The maximum effective reserve capacity provided by the i-th unit in the t-th time period. N is the total number of generating units in the power system. T represents the total number of time periods divided into the entire day; The tie-line constraints include tie-line transmission power constraints, tie-line adjustment number constraints, tie-line adjustment direction constraints, tie-line adjustment rate constraints, and tie-line channel constraints. The power constraint for the tie line transmission is: ； in, Let J be the transmission power of the j-th tie line in the t-th time period. , Let be the minimum and maximum transmission power of the j-th tie line in the t-th time period, respectively. T represents the total number of time periods divided into the entire day; The constraint on the number of times the tie line is adjusted is: ； in, Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards during the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not increased during the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards during the t-th time period. Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards in the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not adjusted downwards during the t-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards during the t-th time period. Let be the maximum number of changes in the transmission power of the j-th tie line throughout the day; The constraint on the adjustment direction of the connecting line is: ； in, Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards in the (t+1)th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not adjusted upwards during the (t+1)-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted upwards during the (t+1)th time period. Let be a 0-1 variable representing whether the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards in the (t+1)th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line was not adjusted downwards during the (t+1)-th time period. This indicates that the transmission power of the j-th tie line is adjusted downwards during the (t+1)-th time period; The constraint on the tie line adjustment rate is: ； in, Let J be the transmission power of the j-th tie line in the (t-1)th time period. The maximum upward adjustment rate of the j-th tie line. The maximum downward adjustment rate of the j-th tie line; The constraints of the connection channel are as follows: ； in, The planned power of the k-th tie line channel in the t-th time period; The effective reserve capacity constraints include unit operating status constraints coupled with the effective reserve capacity, unit ramp rate constraints coupled with the effective reserve capacity, unit power constraints coupled with the effective reserve capacity, and network security constraints coupled with the effective reserve capacity. The unit operating state constraints coupled with effective reserve capacity are as follows: ； in, The maximum effective reserve capacity provided by the i-th unit in the t-th time period. Let be a 0-1 variable representing the start-up and shutdown status of the i-th unit in the t-th time period. This indicates that the i-th generating unit is shut down during the t-th time period. This indicates that the i-th unit starts up during the t-th time period. Let i be the output power of the i-th unit in the t-th time period. Let i be the maximum output power of the i-th unit in the t-th time period. N is the total number of generating units in the power system. T represents the total number of time periods divided into the entire day; The unit ramp-up rate constraint coupled with effective reserve capacity is: ； in, Let be the output power of the i-th unit in the (t-1)-th time period. Let be the maximum uphill ramp rate of the i-th unit. Let be a 0-1 variable representing the start-up and shutdown status of the i-th unit in the (t-1)-th time period. This indicates that the i-th unit is shut down during the (t-1)-th time period. This indicates that the i-th unit starts up during the (t-1)-th time period. Let be the minimum output power of the i-th unit in the t-th time period; The unit power constraint coupled with effective reserve capacity is: ； in, The duration of each time period, The maximum power of the i-th unit; The network security constraints coupled with effective backup capacity include line security constraints and cross-sectional security constraints; The line safety constraints are as follows: ； in, Let be the maximum power transmission capacity of the power flow of the l-th line. Let be the generator output power transfer distribution factor of the node where the i-th unit is located to the l-th line. Let be the generator output power transfer distribution factor of the node containing the j-th tie line to the l-th line. NT represents the total number of connection lines. Let be the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the q-th node to the l-th line. Let q be the bus load value of the q-th node in the t-th time period. Q is the total number of nodes in the power system. , These are the forward and reverse power flow relaxation variables for the l-th line, respectively. , satisfy M represents the maximum single-machine capacity. Let l be a 0-1 variable indicating whether the l-th line exceeds the limit. This indicates that the l-th line has not exceeded the limit. This indicates that the l-th line has exceeded the limit; The cross-sectional safety constraint is as follows: ； in, Let be the maximum power transmission capacity of the power flow at the s-th cross section. Let be the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node where the i-th unit is located to the s-th section. Let be the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the node containing the j-th tie line to the s-th cross section. NT represents the total number of connection lines. Let be the generator output power transfer distribution factor from the q-th node to the s-th section. Let q be the bus load value of the q-th node in the t-th time period. Q is the total number of nodes in the power system. , Let be the forward and reverse current relaxation variables of the s-th cross section, respectively. , satisfy M represents the maximum single-machine capacity. Let 's' be a 0-1 variable indicating whether the 's'-th cross-section exceeds the limit. This indicates that the s-th cross section did not exceed the limit. This indicates that the s-th cross section has exceeded the limit; The safety verification module is used to input the electricity spot market clearing result output by the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing model into the safety verification model for safety verification, so as to obtain the transmission power of each tie line and the effective reserve capacity of the power system at each time period when the electricity spot market clearing result passes the safety verification.

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