Multifunctional tool for quickly detecting coaxiality between parallel shafts of machine tool

Abstract

The application discloses a multifunctional tool for quickly detecting coaxiality between parallel shafts of a machine tool, which comprises a circular cone part and a circular cylinder part with coaxial axes and an integrated structure, and the circular cylinder part is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the circular cone part. A laser head module with an optical axis collinear with the central axis of the circular cone part is arranged at the outer end of the circular cylinder part. The circular cylinder part with the laser lamp module can effectively improve the assembly and manufacturing efficiency of the machine tool, such as a walking core machine, and can conveniently and quickly detect or measure the coaxiality between the parallel shafts of the machine tool. Compared with the existing measuring tool with a cylindrical rod shape, the measuring distance and length are larger, and the tool is not limited by the length of the support, the tool is not prone to have a larger error or a larger error change in use, and the measuring effect and precision are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal processing equipment inspection, and in particular to a multifunctional tooling for quickly inspecting the coaxiality between parallel axes of a machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] Swiss-type lathes typically have a main spindle, a counterspindle, and a tool post. To meet machining needs, the main spindle, counterspindle, and tool post usually move relative to each other. To ensure the machining accuracy of parts, the main spindle, counterspindle, and tool post must have a sufficiently high degree of coaxiality. Therefore, it is necessary to frequently check and adjust the coaxiality of the main spindle, counterspindle, and tool post of the Swiss-type lathe. The currently used inspection fixture usually includes a tool holder, a spring clamp, and a cylindrical calibration bar. The calibration bar is fixed to the tool holder by the spring clamp and the collet nut, and then fixed together on the tool post or the main spindle and counterspindle. A micrometer is used to measure the coaxiality of the main spindle, counterspindle, and tool post. In current tooling, when a cylindrical calibration bar is used as a testing tool, the calibration bar is engaged with a spring clip, which is then inserted into the spring clip hole of the tool holder. The locking nut of the spring clip is threaded into one side of the positioning hole of the tool holder, so that the calibration bar and the spring clip are clamped together with the conical surface in the positioning hole of the shaft being measured. Then, a dial indicator is used to measure the coaxiality of the axis of the calibration bar with the central axis of the main spindle / counter-spindle / tool ​​holder. This allows the coaxiality between the central axes of the main spindle, counter-spindle, and tool holder to be measured.

[0003] The current testing fixture requires elastic clamps to fix the calibration bar. Because there are many parts, the central axis of the calibration bar in the assembled fixture is prone to tilting, which reduces the accuracy of the measurement results and affects the overall precision of the assembled machine tool. In addition, the accuracy obtained when using a micrometer to check coaxiality is limited, and the distance between the two axes being measured by the micrometer cannot be too large. During the assembly process, the coaxiality between various axes cannot be measured quickly, which affects the assembly efficiency of the product. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multifunctional tooling with an improved structure, which can significantly improve the speed and accuracy of coaxiality detection between parallel axes of a machine tool.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] The present invention proposes a multifunctional tooling for quickly detecting the coaxiality between parallel axes of a machine tool, comprising a frustum and a cylindrical part. The circular cross-section at one end of the cylindrical part is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the frustum, and the central axis of the frustum is collinear with the central axis of the cylindrical part.

[0007] In one embodiment, an annular groove is formed on the side of the frustum portion near the bottom surface of the frustum portion.

[0008] In one embodiment, the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical portion is provided with a detection surface for detection in conjunction with a dial indicator probe, and the detection surface is parallel to the central axis of the cylindrical portion.

[0009] In one embodiment, the device also includes a laser light module with a frustum-shaped tail end. An auxiliary hole with a conical surface is provided on the end face of the cylindrical part of the multifunctional tooling away from the frustum part. The axis of the auxiliary hole is collinear with the central axis of the frustum part. The frustum of the laser light module and the conical surface of the auxiliary hole are engaged and fixed together.

[0010] In one embodiment, a threaded hole is provided at the center of the bottom surface of the auxiliary hole, and the threaded hole is used to fix the laser lamp module.

[0011] In one embodiment, the laser module includes a circumferentially limiting axial sliding stud, a spring, a limiting hole, and an axial limiting ring. The circumferentially limiting axial sliding stud includes a screw and an axial sliding head. One end of the screw is fixed to the middle of the axial sliding head, and sliding plates are provided on both sides of the axial sliding head. The axis of the limiting hole is collinear with the axis of the frustum of the laser module. The inner wall of the limiting hole is provided with a groove parallel to the axis of the limiting hole. The axial sliding head is disposed in the limiting hole, and the sliding plates of the axial sliding head cooperate with the groove. The spring is sleeved on the screw, and the axial limiting ring is sleeved on the screw and fixed to the opening of the limiting hole. The end of the screw passes through the through hole in the middle of the axial limiting ring, and the screw and the through hole are slidably engaged. The inner end of the spring presses against the sliding head, and the outer end of the spring presses against the annular surface of the axial limiting ring.

[0012] In one embodiment, the axial limiting ring is a nut with internal threads, and the outer end of the nut has an annular retaining flange protruding inward. The diameter of the through hole formed by the retaining flange is larger than the diameter of the external thread on the screw.

[0013] In one embodiment, the outer end of the spring presses against the end face of the retaining flange near the spring side.

[0014] In one embodiment, the laser light module is provided with a laser emitting head, and the optical axis of the laser emitting head is collinear with the axis of the frustum of the laser light module.

[0015] In one embodiment, a target for receiving and indicating the laser irradiation point is also included. The target is a plate-like structure with a planar reflector and is fixed to a stationary part on the machine tool.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0017] This invention provides a multi-functional fixture for quickly detecting the coaxiality between parallel axes of a machine tool. It can conveniently and quickly detect the coaxiality between multiple axes of a machine tool, especially between the main spindle, secondary spindle, or multiple tool axes of a Swiss-type lathe. Compared with existing measuring fixtures, it avoids the problem of increased fixture errors caused by assembly errors during calibration bar assembly. In addition, a laser head module with an optical axis collinear with the central axis of the cylindrical and frustum-shaped parts is provided at the outer end of the cylindrical part, which can increase the detection distance and quickly detect the coaxiality between the main spindle, secondary spindle, and multiple tool axes of the Swiss-type lathe, meeting the positioning requirements during assembly and improving the assembly efficiency of machine tool equipment such as Swiss-type lathes. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an integrated verification rod according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a calibration bar in the prior art;

[0022] Figure 4 This is an exploded three-dimensional view of the laser lamp module and the calibration rod after they are connected.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of an integral verification rod in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of A.

[0025] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0026] Cylindrical part 11, frustum part 12, threaded hole 13, chamfered nut 15, groove 16, inspection surface 17, auxiliary hole 19, calibration bar 2, nut 21, tool holder 22, elastic clamp 25, elastic clamp hole 29, spring 3, through hole 31, axial limiting ring 32, screw 33, axial sliding head 34, sliding plate 35, laser lamp module 36, wrench groove 37, slide groove 38, limiting hole 39, lamp cover 6, laser emitter head 61, battery 62 Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0028] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "set on" or "attached to" another component, it can be directly set on the other component or there can be an intervening component. When a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there can be an intervening component. When a component is referred to as "mounted on" another component, it can be directly mounted on the other component or there can be an intervening component.

[0029] Furthermore, it should be understood that all directional indications in the embodiments (such as up, down, left, right, center, etc.) are only used to explain the relative positional relationships and movement of the components in a specific posture (as shown in the attached figures). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly. Terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish different structural components. These terms are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0030] The present invention provides a multifunctional fixture for rapidly detecting the coaxiality between parallel axes of a machine tool. It includes a frustum-shaped portion 12 and a cylindrical portion 11. The circular cross-section at one end of the cylindrical portion 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the frustum-shaped portion, and the central axis of the frustum-shaped portion is collinear with the central axis of the cylindrical portion 11. After the frustum-shaped portion 12 is fixedly connected to the elastic clamping hole 29 via a collet nut 21, the central axis of the frustum-shaped portion 12 remains collinear with the central axis of the spindle being tested, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the detection.

[0031] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the frustum portion 12 and the cylindrical portion 11 are typically an integral structure. The circular cross-section at one end of the cylindrical portion 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the frustum portion 12. Furthermore, the central axis of the frustum portion 12 and the central axis of the cylindrical portion 11 are collinear, satisfying the requirement for accurate measurement of coaxiality. Because the cylindrical portion 11 and the frustum portion 12 are an integral structure, the ridge line of the bottom surface of the frustum portion 12 can effectively engage with the limiting surface of the collet nut 21. Typically, a chamfer 15 is provided at the intersection of the bottom surface of the frustum portion 12 and the side surface of the frustum portion. This increases the contact area between the inner surface of the collet nut 21 and the bottom surface of the frustum portion, preventing stress concentration at the contact point.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, this is the structure of the currently used combined tooling. The currently used combined testing tooling typically includes a tool holder 22, an elastic clamp 25, and a cylindrical calibration bar 2. The calibration bar 2 is fixedly connected to the elastic clamping hole 29 of the tool holder 22 through the elastic clamp 25 and the collet nut 21 to form an integral structure. It is then fixed together on the tool post or the main spindle and counterspindle. A micrometer is used to measure the coaxiality of the main spindle, counterspindle, and tool post. Because the elastic clamp and calibration bar are two independent structures, this type of tooling will produce assembly errors during use, resulting in reduced measurement accuracy.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, a circular groove 16 is formed inward on the side of the frustum 12 near the bottom surface. The groove 16 can isolate and eliminate the influence of the stress generated by the clamping of the collet nut chamfer on the frustum. During assembly, the stress generated by the collet nut 21 will not be transmitted to the frustum 12, the frustum 12 will not undergo stress deformation, and the central axis of the frustum 12 will not deviate. This can reduce the accuracy requirements of the part of the frustum 12 near the bottom surface and ensure that the tooling meets the requirements of the fixture.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical part 11 is provided with a detection surface 17 for detecting axial horizontality. The detection surface 17 cooperates with the dial indicator probe. The detection surface 17 itself is a planar structure. The detection surface 17 is parallel to the central axis of the cylindrical part 11. During the assembly process, the detection surface can be used to quickly and effectively measure the straightness of the slide rail. In order to increase the detection effect and accuracy, an independent marble slab can be used to make a strip-shaped detection piece. An embedding groove is provided on the detection surface 17. The marble slab is embedded in the embedding groove and is shaped by pressing with a shaping pressure clamp for more than 120 hours. After the surface of the marble slab is polished, it is made.

[0035] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, in one embodiment, a laser lamp module 36 with a frustum-shaped tail end is also included. The laser lamp module 36 is frustum-shaped, and an auxiliary hole 19 with a conical surface is provided on the end face of the cylindrical part 11 of the multi-functional tooling away from the frustum part 12. The axis of the auxiliary hole is collinear with the central axis of the frustum part. The laser lamp module 36 is fixed in place with the auxiliary hole 19. The laser lamp module 36 and the auxiliary hole 19 are typically connected using a threaded nut. A screw 33 is provided at the connecting end of the laser lamp module 36, and a threaded hole 13 is provided at the center of the bottom surface of the auxiliary hole 19. The screw 33 engages with the threaded hole 13 to fix the laser lamp module 36. The frustum of the laser lamp module 36 and the conical opening at the opening of the auxiliary hole 19 have the same taper. After the side of the frustum of the laser lamp module 36 is tightly fitted with the conical opening of the auxiliary hole 19, good coaxiality can be maintained, ensuring measurement stability.

[0036] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, in one embodiment, the laser lamp module includes a circumferentially limiting axial sliding stud, a spring 3, a limiting hole 39, and an axial limiting ring 32. The circumferentially limiting axial sliding stud includes a screw 33 and an axial sliding head 34. One end of the screw 33 is fixed to the middle of the axial sliding head 34. Sliding plates 35 are provided on both sides of the axial sliding head 34. The axis of the limiting hole 39 is collinear with the axis of the frustum of the laser lamp module 36. The inner wall of the limiting hole 39 is provided with a groove 38 parallel to the axis of the limiting hole 39. The axial sliding head 34 is disposed in the limiting hole 39. The sliding plate 35 of the sliding head 39 cooperates with the sliding groove 38. The spring 3 is sleeved on the screw 33. The axial limiting ring 32 is sleeved on the screw 33 and fixed to the opening of the limiting hole 39. The end of the screw 33 passes through the through hole 31 in the middle of the axial limiting ring 32. The diameter of the through hole 31 is larger than the diameter of the screw 33. At the same time, the diameter of the through hole 31 is smaller than the inner diameter of the spring 3. Therefore, the screw 33 and the through hole 31 can slide relative to each other. The inner end of the spring 3 presses against the axial sliding head 34, and the outer end of the spring 3 presses against the inner ring surface of the axial limiting ring 32. When the laser module 36 is installed in the auxiliary hole 19 of the cylindrical part, the conical surface of the frustum of the laser module 36 is tightly fitted with the conical surface of the auxiliary hole 19. Then, the laser module 36 is rotated. The screw 33 cannot rotate due to the restriction of the axial sliding head. Therefore, the screw 33 rotates together with the laser module. The outer end of the screw 33 engages with the threaded hole 13 at the bottom of the auxiliary hole. Using a wrench corresponding to the wrench slot 37 on the laser module 36, after the screw 33 is tightly engaged with the threaded hole 13, the laser module 36 will be subjected to the tension of the threaded hole 13, causing the side of the frustum of the laser module to engage with the conical surface of the outer end of the auxiliary hole 19. The taper of the frustum of the laser module 36 is the same as the taper of the outer end of the auxiliary hole 19. After a tight fit, it can ensure that... The laser lamp module and auxiliary hole 19 have good coaxiality, which also ensures the coaxiality between the laser lamp module 36 and the cylindrical part 11 and the frustum part 12. This ensures that the optical axis of the laser emitter of the laser lamp module is collinear with the optical axis of the frustum part 12. After the tooling with the laser emitter is fixed to the spindle, sub-spindle or tool magazine axis by the tool holder, the switch of the laser emitter module is turned on. The optical axis of the laser emitter is collinear with the central axis of the corresponding spindle, sub-spindle or tool magazine axis. With the help of an optical path measuring tool, the direction and angle of the optical path deflection during the movement of the spindle, sub-spindle or tool magazine axis can be measured. This allows the spindle deflection direction and angle to be determined, facilitating the immediate correction, scraping and repair of the machine tool mating surfaces. By quickly repeating the above operations, the machine tool can be adjusted to the most accurate aligned assembly state.

[0037] like Figure 4As shown, in one embodiment, the axial limiting ring 32 is a nut with internal threads. The outer end of the nut has an inwardly protruding annular retaining flange. The central hole of the retaining flange is a through hole 31. The diameter of the through hole 31 is smaller than the inner diameter of the spring 3, and the diameter of the through hole 31 is larger than the diameter of the external thread on the screw 33. The spring 3 is sleeved on the screw with its inner end close to the axial sliding head 34. The axial sliding head 34 is inserted into the limiting hole 39. The sliding plate 35 and the sliding groove 38 are correspondingly engaged. The nut is sleeved on the screw and engages with the external thread of the limiting hole at the end of the limiting hole and is tightened. The outer end of the spring 3 presses the retaining flange close to the end face of the spring side, and the inner end of the spring 3 presses the axial sliding head 34 inward. The axial sliding head 34 abuts against the bottom of the limiting hole 39. The outer end of the screw 33 will not wobble and is centered under the elastic force of the spring 3, which facilitates the engagement of the outer end of the screw 33 with the threaded hole 13 at the bottom of the limiting hole 39.

[0038] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment, the laser lamp module includes a laser emitting head, the optical axis of which is collinear with the axis of the frustum of the laser lamp module. The laser lamp module typically includes a laser emitting head 61 that generates and emits laser light, a lamp cover 6, and a battery 62. The outer end of the laser lamp module has a light source hole. The battery 62 is installed at the bottom of the light source hole. The laser emitting head 61 is located near the battery 62 inside the light source hole. The optical axis of the laser emitting head 61 is coaxial with the axis of the tool holder 22. The lamp cover 6 is located at the opening of the light source hole to prevent dust or moisture from entering the interior of the light source hole.

[0039] In one embodiment, a target for receiving and indicating the laser irradiation point is also included. The target is a plate-like structure with a planar reflector. The target is fixed to a stationary part on the machine tool. Typically, the target has a bracket and a magnetic base. When needed, it can be easily fixed to a stationary part at a suitable position on the machine tool using a micrometer bracket and a magnetic base. Connection and disassembly are very convenient.

[0040] Compared with existing measurement technologies, the measuring fixture of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0041] This invention provides a multi-functional fixture for quickly detecting the coaxiality between parallel axes of a machine tool. It facilitates rapid and convenient detection of the coaxiality between multiple axes of a machine tool, particularly the main spindle, secondary spindle, or multiple tool axes of a Swiss-type lathe. Compared to existing measuring fixtures, which introduce additional assembly errors when fitting the calibration bar, elastic clamp, and collet nut into the elastic clamping hole of the tool holder, this invention addresses these issues. The addition of an extra laser emitter to the fixture increases the detection and calibration distance and allows for rapid detection of the coaxiality between multiple parallel spindles, secondary spindles, and tool axes, meeting the inspection requirements of machine tool assembly, such as Swiss-type lathes, and improving machine tool inspection and assembly efficiency.

[0042] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the scope of the patent. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the inventive concept of the present invention and the contents of the specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. A multifunctional tooling for quickly detecting the coaxiality between parallel axes of a machine tool, characterized in that: The device includes a frustum section, a cylindrical section, and a laser light module with a frustum-shaped tail end. The circular cross-section at one end of the cylindrical section is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the frustum section, and the central axis of the frustum section is collinear with the central axis of the cylindrical section. Among them, the cylindrical part of the multi-functional tooling has an auxiliary hole with a conical surface on the end face away from the frustum part. The axis of the auxiliary hole is collinear with the central axis of the frustum part, and the auxiliary hole mates with the frustum of the laser lamp module. The laser light module includes a circumferential limiting axial sliding stud and a limiting hole. The circumferential limiting axial sliding stud includes a screw and an axial sliding head. One end of the screw is fixed to the middle of the axial sliding head. The axis of the limiting hole is collinear with the axis of the frustum of the laser light module. The inner wall of the limiting hole is provided with a groove parallel to the axis of the limiting hole. The axial sliding head is disposed in the limiting hole and cooperates with the groove.

2. The multifunctional tooling for rapidly detecting the coaxiality between parallel axes of a machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the side of the frustum portion, near the bottom surface of the frustum portion, an annular groove is recessed inward.

3. The multifunctional tooling for rapidly detecting the coaxiality between parallel axes of a machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The cylindrical part has a detection surface on its cylindrical surface for use with a dial indicator probe, and the detection surface is parallel to the central axis of the cylindrical part.

4. The multifunctional tooling for rapidly detecting the coaxiality between parallel axes of a machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: A threaded hole is provided at the center of the bottom surface of the auxiliary hole, and the threaded hole is used to fix the laser lamp module.

5. The multifunctional tooling for rapidly detecting the coaxiality between parallel axes of a machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The laser module includes a spring and an axial limiting ring. Sliding plates are provided on both sides of the axial sliding head. The sliding plates of the axial sliding head cooperate with the sliding groove. The spring is sleeved on the screw. The axial limiting ring is sleeved on the screw and fixed to the opening of the limiting hole. The end of the screw passes through the through hole in the middle of the axial limiting ring. The screw and the through hole can slide relative to each other. The inner end of the spring presses against the sliding head, and the outer end of the spring presses against the ring surface of the axial limiting ring.

6. The multifunctional tooling for rapidly detecting the coaxiality between parallel axes of a machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The axial limiting ring is a nut with internal threads. The outer end of the nut has an inwardly protruding annular retaining flange. The diameter of the through hole formed by the retaining flange is larger than the diameter of the external thread on the screw.

7. The multifunctional tooling for rapidly detecting the coaxiality between parallel axes of a machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer end of the spring presses against the end face of the retaining edge near the spring side.

8. The multifunctional tooling for rapidly detecting the coaxiality between parallel axes of a machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The laser light module is equipped with a laser emitting head, and the optical axis of the laser emitting head is collinear with the axis of the frustum of the laser light module.

9. The multifunctional tooling for rapidly detecting the coaxiality between parallel axes of a machine tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a target for receiving and indicating the laser irradiation point, the target being a plate-like structure with a planar reflector.

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