Tire electronic skin and state display method for sensing vehicle driving state parameters

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of tire electronic skin and state display method of sensing vehicle driving state parameters, including electrically connected composite nanogenerator assembly and electrochromic device, control system is installed between the composite nanogenerator assembly and electrochromic device, and composite nanogenerator embedded group is uniformly distributed on the tire tread.The application converts the electrical signal collected by piezoelectric nanogenerator into the contact pressure of wheel and ground, collects the electrical energy collected by friction nanogenerator at the same time, calculates the effective power generation area, and estimates the road adhesion condition.The state display method includes: step 1, convert the electrical signal collected by piezoelectric nanogenerator into the contact pressure of wheel and ground, and calculate the effective power generation area;Step 2, determine the road adhesion condition according to the effective power generation area;Step 3, present the road adhesion condition in the form of digital visualization on the electrochromic device according to the determined road adhesion condition;The vehicle driving state can be effectively displayed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of nanotechnology and specifically relates to a tire electronic skin for sensing vehicle driving status parameters and a status display method. Background Technology

[0002] Among the vehicle's driving state variables, accurate estimation of road surface adhesion conditions, vehicle speed, and slip ratio directly affects driver safety and the effective implementation of control strategies. In existing vehicle dynamics controllers, slip ratio estimation relies on vehicle speed estimation, which in turn relies on GPS. When GPS signals are poor in the area, vehicle speed depends on wheel speed sensors and corresponding speed estimation algorithms. Different road surface adhesion conditions significantly impact the estimation deviation. Furthermore, slip ratio estimation further depends on the accuracy of the estimated vehicle speed and the model in the slip ratio estimation algorithm, further amplifying the error and affecting driving safety. Sensors related to smart tires are often installed inside the tires, making power supply difficult, resulting in low reliability of wireless transmission and frequent battery replacements. Meanwhile, the application of tire sensors for detecting road surface adhesion conditions, vehicle speed, and slip ratio is not yet fully developed.

[0003] Electrochromism refers to the phenomenon where the color of a material changes reversibly under an applied voltage. Currently, most electrochromic devices require an external power supply and cannot display diverse patterns. Triboelectric nanogenerators, relying on the charge pump effect of the triboelectric potential, create a potential difference between two polymer films through charge separation. This difference generates current through an external circuit. Connecting the triboelectric nanogenerator to an electrochromic device creates a self-powered electrochromic device.

[0004] Sensors related to smart tires are often installed inside the tire, which presents challenges in power supply, leads to low reliability of wireless transmission, and requires frequent battery replacements. Furthermore, there are currently no applications of nanogenerators that can infer road surface adhesion conditions based on tire-to-ground contact pressure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: To provide a tire electronic skin for sensing vehicle driving status parameters and a status display method, which combines a nanogenerator with the tire, has a simple structure, reliable operation, and can achieve self-powered operation; at the same time, to provide a method for digitizing and displaying the driving status.

[0006] Technical Solution: A tire electronic skin for sensing vehicle driving status parameters, comprising an electrically connected composite nanogenerator assembly and an electrochromic device, wherein a control system is installed between the composite nanogenerator assembly and the electrochromic device, the composite nanogenerator assembly comprising an electrically connected triboelectric nanogenerator, a piezoelectric nanogenerator, and an energy harvester coaxially mounted on the wheel axle, the triboelectric nanogenerator and the piezoelectric nanogenerator being embedded in a group and evenly distributed on the inner surface of the tire, the energy harvester being connected to the wheel axle via a bearing, and the energy harvester being provided with a weight end.

[0007] This invention converts the electrical signals collected by piezoelectric nanogenerators into contact pressure between the wheel and the ground, while simultaneously collecting electrical energy from triboelectric nanogenerators and calculating the effective power generation area to predict road surface adhesion conditions. The triboelectric nanogenerators and piezoelectric nanogenerators are embedded in groups on the inner platform of the tire and are evenly distributed, which achieves more accurate data acquisition and uniform data collection intervals, making it easier for the system to identify and judge the road surface condition. The heavy end is set so that the input port of the power collector is always facing downwards, and only connects to and transmits data to the lowest composite nanogenerator, achieving efficient data acquisition.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, to enable the triboelectric nanogenerator to generate electricity efficiently, the triboelectric nanogenerator includes at least one set of triboelectric power generation components, wherein the triboelectric power generation components include a friction layer arranged sequentially from the tire inward, Ag paste wiring, and a triboelectric nanogenerator output port.

[0009] The friction layer can effectively enhance the power generation performance of triboelectric nanogenerators. Ag has excellent electrical conductivity, which further improves the power generation efficiency of triboelectric generators.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, to achieve a better fit between the piezoelectric nanogenerator and the tire and to have better power generation capability, the piezoelectric nanogenerator includes at least one set of piezoelectric power generation components. The piezoelectric power generation components include a rubber support, a zinc oxide layer, a graphene layer, and a piezoelectric nanogenerator output port arranged sequentially from the tire inward.

[0011] Using a rubber support structure, which is made of the same material as the tire, can protect the functional materials from damage.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, in order to achieve digital display of road surface conditions, the electrochromic device includes: an electrolyte layer and a tungsten oxide thin film layer group and a nickel oxide layer group disposed on both sides of the electrolyte layer. The tungsten oxide thin film layer group includes a first glass layer, a first ITO layer and a tungsten oxide thin film layer disposed sequentially from the outer layer to the electrolyte layer. The nickel oxide layer group includes a second glass layer, a second ITO layer and a nickel oxide layer disposed sequentially from the outer layer to the electrolyte layer.

[0013] The ITO is patterned so that it presents a matrix array arrangement. Each matrix point of the ITO is connected to the external circuit. The working electrode of the electrochromic device is a tungsten oxide layer and the counter electrode is a nickel oxide layer. The working electrode and the counter electrode adopt the same arrangement as the ITO matrix structure. Each matrix unit of the adjacent layer corresponds one-to-one.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the output ports of the triboelectric nanogenerator and the piezoelectric nanogenerator are independently connected to the energy harvester via wire harnesses mounted on the rim of a car wheel.

[0015] The wiring harness is fixed to the wheel rim and rotates with the wheel. The signal from the wiring harness is eventually transmitted to the power harvester in the middle of the wheel. The middle of the power harvester is connected to the axle through a bearing. When the wheel rotates, the heavy end of the power harvester is always vertically downward. This structural design ensures that the power harvester can always be connected to the output of the composite nanogenerator unit at the bottom of the wheel.

[0016] A preferred option also includes a battery connected in parallel with the electrochromic device.

[0017] Excess electricity generated can be stored to power electrochromic devices, eliminating the need to replace batteries.

[0018] A method for displaying the status of a tire electronic skin that senses vehicle driving status parameters includes the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Establish a piezoelectric effect model, convert the electrical signal collected by the piezoelectric nanogenerator into the contact pressure between the wheel and the ground, and calculate the effective power generation area;

[0020] Step 2: Determine the road surface adhesion conditions based on the effective power generation area;

[0021] Step 3: Based on the determined road surface adhesion conditions, present them in a digital visualization on the electrochromic device.

[0022] Step 1 is described in detail as follows:

[0023] The vehicle driving status judgment system converts the collected electrical signals into the contact pressure between the wheels and the ground through a piezoelectric effect model;

[0024] The piezoelectric coefficient d of the prepared piezoelectric nanogenerator was obtained through experimental calibration. The voltage of each piezoelectric nanogenerator is proportional to the pressure it is subjected to. When the wheel rotates once, only the triboelectric nanogenerator and the piezoelectric nanogenerator at the bottom are in working state, and the output electrical signal is transmitted to the vehicle driving state judgment system. The vehicle driving state judgment system accumulates the effective power generation output of the triboelectric nanogenerator and the piezoelectric nanogenerator and calculates the effective power generation areas S1 and S2 of the triboelectric nanogenerator and the piezoelectric nanogenerator, respectively.

[0025] The pressure between the wheel contact point and the ground is calculated using the following formula based on the electrical signal from the piezoelectric nanogenerator:

[0026]

[0027] Where V2 is the voltage output of the piezoelectric nanogenerator, P is the real-time contact pressure between the wheel and the ground, S2 is the effective power generation area of ​​the piezoelectric nanogenerator, and T is the contact time between the friction nanogenerator at the bottom of the wheel and the piezoelectric nanogenerator and the road surface.

[0028] The effective power generation area is obtained by directly counting and accumulating electrical signals through the vehicle-mounted control system.

[0029] S i =A·n i

[0030] Where i = 1, 2 represent triboelectric nanogenerator and piezoelectric nanogenerator respectively, A is the area of ​​the micrometer array, and n i The number of elements in the triboelectric nanogenerator and piezoelectric nanogenerator power generation array.

[0031] Step 2 is described in detail below:

[0032] Different road surface adhesion conditions correspond to different road surface roughness. The road surface adhesion conditions are determined based on the distribution density of the power generation array elements. The distribution density f of the power generation array elements is obtained by the following formula:

[0033]

[0034] In the formula, n w It is the wheel speed;

[0035] The calculated distribution density f of the power generation array is divided into n ranges. The number of n is selected according to actual needs, corresponding to n types of road surface adhesion conditions. The road surface adhesion conditions are assigned codes from 1 to n. The selection and classification of road surface adhesion conditions are determined by the road surface adhesion coefficient.

[0036] Step 3 is described in detail below:

[0037] The road surface adhesion conditions are presented in a digital and visual form on the electrochromic device. The ITO matrix units on the electrochromic device are denoted as 1, 2, 3...15. The above 15 matrix units correspond to the corresponding voltage input ports and the same ground wire of the control system. The voltage input ports can also be denoted as 1', 2', 3'...15'. The 15 matrix units display the value of the road surface adhesion condition code n by changing from transparent to dark color.

[0038] Beneficial effects: This invention improves the safety and reliability of the control system by installing self-powered tire electronic skin on traditional wheels and working in conjunction with the traditional control system. It maximizes the pure rolling of the wheels, reduces driving resistance and emissions, and improves fuel economy. It can also assist drivers in judging road conditions and making reasonable driving strategies. At the same time, by using the principle that the color of the electrochromic device changes when it is charged, the output ports of each triboelectric nanogenerator and piezoelectric nanogenerator correspond one-to-one with the ports on the electrochromic device, and realizes the digital display of the vehicle's driving status. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device structure of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the composite nanogenerator of the present invention and its installation on a wheel.

[0042] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the triboelectric nanogenerator and piezoelectric nanogenerator of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the electrochromic device of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0046] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0047] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, a tire electronic skin for sensing vehicle driving status parameters includes an electrically connected composite nanogenerator assembly 1 and an electrochromic device 2, a battery 5 connected in parallel with the electrochromic device 2, and a control system 3 installed between the composite nanogenerator assembly 1 and the electrochromic device 2. The composite nanogenerator assembly 1 includes an electrically connected triboelectric nanogenerator 11, a piezoelectric nanogenerator 12, and an energy harvester 13 coaxially mounted on the wheel axle. The triboelectric nanogenerator 11 and the piezoelectric nanogenerator 12 are embedded in a group and evenly distributed on the inner surface of the tire. The energy harvester 13 is connected to the wheel axle via a bearing and has a weighted end 131. The output ports 113 and 124 of the triboelectric nanogenerator are independently connected to the energy harvester 13 via wire harnesses 4 mounted on the vehicle wheel rim.

[0048] This invention converts the electrical signals collected by piezoelectric nanogenerators into the contact pressure between the wheel and the ground, while simultaneously collecting electrical energy from triboelectric nanogenerators and calculating the effective power generation area to predict road surface adhesion conditions. The triboelectric nanogenerators and piezoelectric nanogenerators are embedded in groups on the inner platform of the tire and evenly distributed, achieving more accurate data acquisition and uniform data collection intervals, which facilitates the system's identification and judgment of road surface conditions. The heavy end is set so that the input port of the power collector always faces downwards, connecting and transmitting data only to the lowest composite nanogenerator, achieving efficient data acquisition and power storage, and solving the problem of difficult battery replacement.

[0049] Each individual triboelectric nanogenerator and each individual piezoelectric nanogenerator are combined into one unit. A total of eight such combinations are evenly arranged on the tire tread. The wiring harness of the eight combinations is fixed to the rim. As the wheel rotates, the signal from the wiring harness is ultimately transmitted to the energy harvester in the middle of the wheel. The middle of the energy harvester is connected to the axle via a bearing. When the wheel rotates, the weighted end of the energy harvester always faces vertically downward. This structural design ensures that the energy harvester can always be connected to the output of the nanogenerator unit at the bottom of the wheel.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, the triboelectric nanogenerator 11 includes at least one set of triboelectric power generation components, each including a friction layer 111, Ag paste wiring 112, and a triboelectric nanogenerator output port 113 arranged sequentially from the tire inwards. The piezoelectric nanogenerator 12 includes at least one set of piezoelectric power generation components, each including a rubber support 121, a zinc oxide layer 122, a graphene layer 123, and a piezoelectric nanogenerator output port 124 arranged sequentially from the tire inwards.

[0051] ZnO nanorods, PVDF nanopowder, natural rubber, PVDF, and resin were mixed in a 1:5:3:3 ratio in a mixed solvent of acetone and DMSO. After heating and stirring, the mixture was electrospinned to prepare a friction material for an enhanced nanogenerator. This material effectively enhances the power generation performance of the PDMS-based triboelectric nanogenerator. Natural rubber improves the material's toughness and wear resistance, and the dynamic characteristics of the prepared friction material closely match those of a tire. Due to the high conductivity of Ag, Ag paste wiring was used. The piezoelectric nanogenerator employs a rubber, ZnO, and graphene structure, fabricated using chemical vapor deposition. The rubber used is the same material as that used in tires, protecting the functional materials from damage. Each matrix unit of both the enhanced and piezoelectric nanogenerators is fabricated using femtosecond laser technology, and the power output is achieved through individual wiring.

[0052] Figure 3 The blank space in the diagram represents the support structure for the entire composite nanogenerator, made of the same rubber material as the tire tread. The triboelectric nanogenerator and piezoelectric nanogenerator are ultimately embedded in the tire tread. There are N output ports for the triboelectric nanogenerator, designated O-1-1, O-1-2, ..., O-1-N, and M output ports for the piezoelectric nanogenerator, designated O-2-1, O-2-2, ..., O-2-M. The independent wiring method allows for the calculation of the effective power generation area of ​​the enhanced nanogenerator and the piezoelectric nanogenerator, preparing for subsequent estimation of vehicle state variables. The output electrical energy is transmitted to the vehicle control system.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, the electrochromic device 2 includes: an electrolyte layer 21 and tungsten oxide thin film layer group 22 and nickel oxide layer group 23 disposed on both sides of the electrolyte layer 21. The tungsten oxide thin film layer group 22 includes a first glass layer 221, a first ITO layer 222 and a tungsten oxide thin film layer 223 disposed sequentially from the outer layer to the electrolyte layer 21. The nickel oxide layer group 23 includes a second glass layer 231, a second ITO layer 232 and a nickel oxide layer 233 disposed sequentially from the outer layer to the electrolyte layer 21.

[0054] The ITO is patterned so that it presents a matrix array arrangement. Each matrix point of the ITO is connected to the external circuit. The working electrode of the electrochromic device is a tungsten oxide layer and the counter electrode is a nickel oxide layer. The working electrode and the counter electrode adopt the same arrangement as the ITO matrix structure. Each matrix unit of the adjacent layer corresponds one-to-one.

[0055] A method for displaying the status of a tire electronic skin that senses vehicle driving status parameters includes the following steps:

[0056] Step 1: Establish a piezoelectric effect model, convert the electrical signal collected by the piezoelectric nanogenerator 12 into the contact pressure between the wheel and the ground, and calculate the effective power generation area.

[0057] Step 2: Determine the road surface adhesion conditions based on the effective power generation area;

[0058] Step 3: Based on the determined road surface adhesion conditions, present them in a digital visualization form on the electrochromic device 2.

[0059] Step 1 is described in detail as follows:

[0060] The vehicle driving status judgment system converts the collected electrical signals into the contact pressure between the wheels and the ground through a piezoelectric effect model;

[0061] The piezoelectric coefficient d of the prepared piezoelectric nanogenerator 12 is obtained through experimental calibration. The voltage of each piezoelectric nanogenerator 12 is proportional to the pressure it is subjected to. When the wheel rotates once, only the triboelectric nanogenerator 11 and the piezoelectric nanogenerator 12 at the bottom are in working state, and the output electrical signal is transmitted to the vehicle driving state judgment system. The vehicle driving state judgment system accumulates the effective power generation output of the triboelectric nanogenerator 11 and the piezoelectric nanogenerator 12, and calculates the effective power generation areas S1 and S2 of the triboelectric nanogenerator 11 and the piezoelectric nanogenerator 12, respectively.

[0062] The pressure between the wheel contact point and the ground is calculated using the following formula based on the electrical signal from the piezoelectric nanogenerator 12:

[0063]

[0064] Where V2 is the voltage output of the piezoelectric nanogenerator 12, P is the real-time contact pressure between the wheel and the ground, S2 is the effective power generation area of ​​the piezoelectric nanogenerator 12, and T is the contact time between the friction nanogenerator 11 and the piezoelectric nanogenerator 12 at the bottom of the wheel and the road surface.

[0065] The effective power generation area is obtained by directly counting and accumulating electrical signals through the vehicle-mounted control system.

[0066] S i =A·ni

[0067] Where i = 1, 2 represent the triboelectric nanogenerator 11 and the piezoelectric nanogenerator 12, respectively, A is the area of ​​the micrometer array, and n i The number of power generation array elements for the triboelectric nanogenerator 11 and the piezoelectric nanogenerator 12.

[0068] Step 2 is described in detail below:

[0069] Different road surface adhesion conditions correspond to different road surface roughness. The road surface adhesion conditions are determined based on the distribution density of the power generation array elements. The distribution density f of the power generation array elements is obtained from Equation 3:

[0070]

[0071] In the formula, n w It is the wheel speed;

[0072] The calculated distribution density f of the power generation array is divided into n ranges. The number of n is selected according to actual needs, corresponding to n types of road surface adhesion conditions. The road surface adhesion conditions are assigned codes from 1 to n. The selection and classification of road surface adhesion conditions are determined by the road surface adhesion coefficient.

[0073] In this embodiment, the distribution density of the power generation array elements is divided into three ranges, corresponding to three types of road surface adhesion conditions: roads with a high adhesion coefficient (code 1), roads with a medium adhesion coefficient (code 2), and roads with a low adhesion coefficient (code 3). The specific relationships can be found in Table 1. The driver makes a reasonable driving strategy based on the adhesion condition code displayed by the electrochromic device. For example, when code 1 is displayed, the driver can adopt aggressive driving methods such as accelerating to overtake; when code 3 is displayed, the driver is advised to adopt conservative driving methods such as following other vehicles; code 2 indicates a moderate driving strategy recommendation.

[0074] Table 1 Relationship between the distribution density of power generation array elements and the code of road surface adhesion conditions.

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] Step 3 is described in detail below:

[0078] Road surface adhesion conditions are presented digitally and visually on the electrochromic device. Figure 1 In this context, the matrix units of ITO can be denoted as 1, 2, 3...15. The above 15 matrix units correspond to the corresponding voltage input ports and the same ground wire of the control system. The voltage input ports can also be denoted as 1', 2', 3'...15'.

[0079] It should be further pointed out that the 15 matrix units can display the road surface adhesion condition code. Referring to Table 1, taking codes 1 and 3 as examples, the corresponding relationship can be shown in Table 2, where the marked matrix units are in a transparent state.

[0080] Table 2 shows the correspondence between the color state of the matrix unit and the code of the road surface adhesion condition (taking 1 and 3 as examples).

[0081]

[0082] When the electrochromic device displays the road surface adhesion condition code, the color will change from transparent to dark.

[0083] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0084] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for displaying the status of tire electronic skin based on sensing vehicle driving status parameters, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Establish a piezoelectric effect model, convert the electrical signal collected by the piezoelectric nanogenerator (12) into the contact pressure between the wheel and the ground, and calculate the effective power generation area; Step 2: Determine the road surface adhesion conditions based on the effective power generation area; Step 3: Based on the determined road surface adhesion conditions, present them in a digital and visual form on the electrochromic device (2); Step 1 is described in detail as follows: The vehicle driving status judgment system converts the collected electrical signals into the contact pressure between the wheels and the ground through a piezoelectric effect model; The piezoelectric coefficient d of the prepared piezoelectric nanogenerator (12) was obtained through experimental calibration. The voltage of each piezoelectric nanogenerator (12) is proportional to the pressure it is subjected to. When the wheel rotates once, only the triboelectric nanogenerator (11) and the piezoelectric nanogenerator (12) at the bottom are in working state, and the output electrical signal is transmitted to the vehicle driving state judgment system. The vehicle driving state judgment system accumulates the effective power generation output ports of the triboelectric nanogenerator (11) and the piezoelectric nanogenerator (12) and calculates the effective power generation areas S1 and S2 of the triboelectric nanogenerator (11) and the piezoelectric nanogenerator (12) respectively. The pressure between the wheel contact point and the ground is calculated using the following formula based on the electrical signal from the piezoelectric nanogenerator (12): （1） in, is the calibration coefficient, used to convert the voltage signal into a pressure value. It is obtained through experimental calibration. V2 is the voltage output of the piezoelectric nanogenerator (12), P is the real-time contact pressure between the wheel and the ground, S2 is the effective power generation area of ​​the piezoelectric nanogenerator (12), and T is the contact time between the friction nanogenerator (11) and the piezoelectric nanogenerator (12) at the bottom of the wheel and the road surface. The effective power generation area is obtained by directly counting and accumulating electrical signals through the vehicle-mounted control system. （2） Where i = 1, 2, represent the triboelectric nanogenerator (11) and the piezoelectric nanogenerator (12) respectively, A is the area of ​​the micron array, n i The number of power generation array elements of the triboelectric nanogenerator (11) and the piezoelectric nanogenerator (12).

2. The tire electronic skin status display method for sensing vehicle driving state parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 2 is described in detail below: Different road surface adhesion conditions correspond to different road surface roughness. The road surface adhesion conditions are determined based on the distribution density of the power generation array elements. The distribution density f of the power generation array elements is obtained from equation (3): （3） In the formula, It is the wheel speed; The calculated distribution density f of the power generation array is divided into n ranges. The number of n is selected according to actual needs, corresponding to n types of road surface adhesion conditions. The road surface adhesion conditions are assigned codes from 1 to n. The selection and classification of road surface adhesion conditions are determined by the road surface adhesion coefficient.

3. The tire electronic skin status display method for sensing vehicle driving state parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 3 is described in detail below: The road surface adhesion conditions are presented in a digital and visual form on the electrochromic device (2). The matrix units of ITO on the electrochromic device (2) are denoted as 1, 2, 3...

15. The 15 matrix units of ITO correspond to the corresponding voltage input port and the same ground wire of the control system. The voltage input port can also be denoted as 1', 2', 3'...15'. The 15 matrix units display the value of the road surface adhesion condition code n by changing from transparent to dark color.

4. A tire electronic skin for displaying the state of a tire electronic skin according to any one of claims 1-3, comprising an electrically connected composite nanogenerator assembly (1) and an electrochromic device (2), wherein a control system (3) is installed between the composite nanogenerator assembly (1) and the electrochromic device (2), characterized in that: The composite nanogenerator assembly (1) includes a triboelectric nanogenerator (11), a piezoelectric nanogenerator (12), and an energy harvester (13) coaxially mounted on a wheel axle. The triboelectric nanogenerator (11) and the piezoelectric nanogenerator (12) are embedded in a group and evenly distributed on the inner surface of the tire. The energy harvester (13) is connected to the wheel axle through a bearing. The energy harvester (13) is provided with a weight end (131).

5. The tire electronic skin for sensing vehicle driving state parameters according to claim 4, characterized in that: The triboelectric nanogenerator (11) includes at least one set of triboelectric power generation components, which include a triboelectric layer (111), Ag paste wiring (112), and a triboelectric nanogenerator output port (113) arranged sequentially from the tire inward.

6. The tire electronic skin for sensing vehicle driving state parameters according to claim 5, characterized in that: The piezoelectric nanogenerator (12) includes at least one set of piezoelectric power generation components, which include a rubber support (121), a zinc oxide layer (122), a graphene layer (123), and a piezoelectric nanogenerator output port (124) arranged sequentially from the tire inward.

7. The tire electronic skin for sensing vehicle driving state parameters according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electrochromic device (2) includes an electrolyte layer (21) and tungsten oxide thin film layer group (22) and nickel oxide layer group (23) disposed on both sides of the electrolyte layer (21). The tungsten oxide thin film layer group (22) includes a first glass layer (221), a first ITO layer (222) and a tungsten oxide thin film layer (223) disposed sequentially from the outer layer to the electrolyte layer (21). The nickel oxide layer group (23) includes a second glass layer (231), a second ITO layer (232) and a nickel oxide layer (233) disposed sequentially from the outer layer to the electrolyte layer (21).

8. The tire electronic skin for sensing vehicle driving state parameters according to claim 6, characterized in that: The output ports (113) of the triboelectric nanogenerator and (124) of the piezoelectric nanogenerator are independently connected to the power harvester (13) via wire harnesses (4) mounted on the rim of the car.

9. The tire electronic skin for sensing vehicle driving state parameters according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a storage battery (5) connected in parallel with the electrochromic device (2).

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